大学英语四级网考形势下大学英语视听说课堂教学改革探究
【摘要】从七年前的我国第一次大学英语四级考试的网络化试点中，对考试的形式发生了新的进步已经开始运用上机考试的模式，同时在考试内容中提高了视听的比例。这一改变是对学生的英语能力有了更高的要求，并且也是对大学英语教育提出新的标准，更是对我国高校英语授课的方式进行了挑战。下文将以探究高校视听教学的改革为中心，提出相应观点。
【关键词】四级英语 视听说英语教学 课堂教学改革
【课题项目】大学英语四级网考对大学英语视听说教学及教材修订的反拨效应研究。项目编号：JG2014010617，黑龙江省教育厅。
在我国高等教育中英语教学的发展进步的情况下，普遍大学英语的课程中授课中心点也在悄悄的发生了一下改变，将以前的以英语基础教育为重点渐渐向实际英语使用为重点进行改变。不断强化大学生的读与写作加听力和说的学习能力，使得同学们的英语表达能力与英语实践能力得到充分锻炼，从而完善同学们的英语综合素质教育。下文我们将从如何提高听力的课堂教学入手，提出一些方法和建议。
一、提高听力的有效途径
对于我国广大的大学生来说想要提高英语成绩最重要的就是增加英语听力的能力。目前我国高校的听力课程是高校英语授课中的重中之重，也是传统我国高校英语教育的难点。我们从以下几个方面来提高听力水平。
(一)语音
在听力考试过程中其内容中的声音有不同的特征，比如单词句子的重与轻读及单词间的连读，不同句子要表达情感时的语调变化，一些单词中的音节有关于清辅音的浊化读法，及单词中的爆破读法等。
(二)词汇
语言的词汇因素对听力的理解有着非常大的影响，在我们学习过程中词汇所包含的范围相当广泛，不仅是对单词和词汇量的练习，其中还有日常口语民俗谚语及短语和情感俚语等的掌握。 有很多情况下会发生一句话的每个单词都知道但是整句话却翻译不通的情况，或者翻译出来意思也相差甚远，这就是因为对其词汇没有真正掌握。
(三)文化不同
由于所处的地域位置不同，随着不同国家的发展，每个国家与地区都会出现不同的民族文化，因此我们对那些使用英语的国家文化、习俗、习惯上都存在很多的差异，因此在该种文化背景下会对我们的听力理解产生很大影响。 在实际的听力材料中经常会包含其文化的丰富内涵，中国与西方国家在传统思维方式、不同事物的价值理念、不同文化的风俗习惯、语言表达上及宗教文化信仰等诸多问题上拥有较多的差异。如果我们没能对有关英语国家所拥有的传统及文化与知识进行了解，这也从基本点上背离了我们学习英语的意义。高校同学应适当了解西方的语言知识，来提高听力。
(四)记忆
我们在做英语听力时，往往会出现对听到的词语模糊的情况，明明是刚刚听完的单词却记得模棱两可。在心理学的方面来讲，我们对外界的听力过程的理解是通过我们大脑短暂的记忆技能。 但该种短暂的记忆具有一定的储存容量的。 想做到在听听力材料的同时还要掌握其内容并理解下来，并要思考一些材料的细节部分对于任何一个学生来讲都是很困难的。所以我们需要通过不断对听力练习，来提高听力过程中的记忆力。
二、英语听力教学策略改革
针对以往的高校英语的听力授课中我们可以发现其拥有的一些困难。例如英语授课方式的单调性。 第一，在课堂教学中普遍存在教师与学生二者都没有较强的主动性。基本在课堂中英语授课就会分为先听听力之后老师讲解习题的枯燥两部分，这样同学对英语听力的兴趣将越来越低，学习效率也将跟不上去。让高校课堂不能是纯粹的听，而是合理的利用课上时间大家一起交流共同学习，来提高学生的英语听力水平。
还有是老师的授课方式有待提高。就以前的授课方式来讲，通常大部分授课方式为纸上的能力提高方式，往往会以应对考试来得到的有关答题的应试能力，或许这样的方式可以取得成绩上的成功，但却不是真正的提高学生的英语听力能力。
通过调查发现影响同学的听力理解的另一原因为基础的不扎实，我国以前的传统听力练习教学方法中还没能有专业性的英语语言训练，高等学校在教学时应让老师对学生存在的问题进行分层的训练。这样可以使基础弱的同学得到有效训练，同时可以使基础好的同学接触更高水平的学习，使成绩共同提高。
同学们将以已有的知识为基础，结合对心的知识的相互学习从而建构新的理解。 该种理论方法不仅充分强调同学的主体认证过程，还能够不断提高同学的学习积极性，主动性与创新的意识，来达到对英语知识的整理目的。 对于该种英语学习方法，同学们的自主学习英语听力的教育方式获得人们普遍认可。可以使同学们不仅仅受约束与课堂学习中的同时老师也不受約束于以往的英语课堂的教学任务中去。 以老师为英语学习的导航者，负责积极帮助同学们在自己已有的基础上进行英语知识学习，选择同学们自己感兴趣的内容进行深入学习，让同学们的主观意识得到完整的发挥。
从人类的认知心理学来讲，我们的对外界的感知普遍是通过眼睛和耳朵共同结合来获取得到的。 同学们将图形和声音与情景三者相互结合后，就能高效的提高同学们获取外界信息的能力，从而完善对语言掌握及对其理解的标准。所以，将英语视听说三者的教学相互结合，可以解决枯燥的英语听力训练及单纯的英语口语练习没有合适材料的难题，使同学们的英语知识不断向英语能力方向转型。
伴随着我国教育方式在大学教育中的积极贯彻，一些大学的数字化与现代化的教育建设取得不断进步，其中通过使用计算机网络教学是各大高校最重要的教学方式之一。目前我国有更多的新型英语教育教学平台的涌现，有效的通过网络教学来对英语听力进行学习也将是同学们学习英语听力的有效途径之一。 在该种教学模式下，老师是英语知识的探究者同时也是英语知识体系的构造者，同学们学习他们所提供设计的英语学习方案。 用多媒体和网络做网络英语知识教学的代表，其所具有的优点是传统高校英语听力教育所不能比。随着丰富多样的辅助学习资源的出现，将不断完善我国高等英语教育的内容并提升教学空间水平，使同学们对英语知识的学习迈进到一个三维立体的教育模式中，同时其将对英语水平不同的学生提供更适合的个性化教学方案。 以上几方面都积极的推进丰富了高校英语的听力教学模式。
三、“视听说”英语教学改革方法
应积极响应新时代下的对我国同学英语的语言能力及综合素质的培养要求下，需与我国目前高等学校英语授课方式相结合后，对高等学校的视听说英语教学中做出以下方面的改进，来更好的适应新题型改革。
(一)提高视听教育比重
在对英语四级考试进行分析后可以得出，四级听力分值明显提高，所以我国目前的高校英语教育中，英语视听说的教学任务也同时相应提高。 我国大学中，同学们基本每周只会上一节视听说英语课，这并不符合语言学习的基本标准要求，而且也达不到英语四级网络考试改革的具体要求。老师在授课过程中要进行较多的高效课堂学习，因此来保障同学们英语视听说能力。
(二)选取真实资料
目前我国的一些高等学校的英语视听说的教材使用的听力资料还都为录音的形式，并且同学们都渐渐把这种单一的听力模式当成习惯。不过，不仅是为了学习实际生活中的语言使用的要求，或者说是为了应付目前的英语四级的网络考察模式，同学们都更多的练习听一听真实的视频资料对话、英语的新闻报到、英文的原文电影、英文的电视及广播节目等。通过对这些丰富多彩真人的英语听力练习可以不断刺激同学们对英语听力的兴趣，同时还能为同学们的四级网络考试提供帮助，练习过就会在考试中拥有一个好的语感。
(三)重视视频材料与听说相结合
高等学校的老师应做到在课前准备听力资料时要全方面考虑，对于在选取时要从所选资料时间的长度、资料人员语速的快慢、资料考察内容的难易程度及同学是否会对资料产生兴趣这几方面共同权衡后，来决定资料。当确定资料后，要积极准备有关该视频资料的问题在课上供同学们思考与探究。
課堂上在老师播放视频资料的过程中，第一步应先组织同学们对视频资料出现的好的句子和有效的段落进行及时的记录，在一些必要的情况下应该实行将视频资料进行暂停或者对其进行重放等，以保障同学们有充足的时间进行记录。通过这样的训练还可以提高同学们的写作能力，同时还能够摆脱同学们对枯燥课堂环境的抵触情绪。授课期间老师还能够将视频资料中的核心单词与难理解的句子穿插进行讲解难。积极鼓励同学们在课堂上踊跃发言，还可以让同学们对故事情节进行复述。来达到视频材料和听相结合的目的，使英语能力等到锻炼。
(四)完善网络教学的改革
我国高等教育的英语教学中应将培养同学们的网络环境中自主学习能力作为培养学生能力的一个重要方面。老师在授课中应运用英语的任务型授课理论并在英语的课堂实践教学中进行勇敢的创新，来响应目前实施的高校视听说教育的改革。改变传统的同学们被动学习英语语言知识与技能，来转变成为让同学们可以拥有自己个性化的自主学习模式。可以通过利用高校英语视听说教育中心来进行自主学习，老师可以将大学的英语视听说教育以课外拓展的形式布置给同学们，同事还可以把部分的视听说教育活动开展到课外。老师可以根据不同学生的英语水平来布置不同的课外教学内容，积极对视听说教育资源进行及时扩充，同学们也要积极寻找与自己能力及水平相符的视频资料进行系统练习，并开展不同情景下的交流能力训练内容。
四、结束语
对于我国英语四级网络考试的改革为现代化教学的产物，通过该种方式不仅能够更为客观真实的权衡学生英语的掌握使用的能力，还能够科学公正考察学生的英语综合素质。对于我国高校英语老师来说要积极创新以往的教学模式，不断完善授课中对学生视听练习的比重，运用真人语音课件，同时要让学生养成自觉主动学习的习惯。还需重点关注我国英语网络考试的改革方式，完善对英语网络考试的授课要求，逐步健全英语教学的改革。
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作者：树沐 胡家英
摘 要：大学英语四、六级网考对学生的学习条件、教师教学和学习任务都产生一定的影响。大学英语四六级网考环境下的学习策略包括元认知策略、认知策略、社会策略和情感策略。
关键词：大学英语四、六级网考;影响;学习策略
大学英语四、六级网考(以下简称网考)自2008年12月开始实施，并在各大专院校不断推广。网考不仅进一步强化了《大学英语课程教学要求》(以下简称《要求》)的指导思想，而且对教学改革正产生着深刻的影响。语言教学与语言测试之间的关系是一种“伙伴关系”(relationship of partnership)，测试既为教学服务，又直接影响教学，并对教学产生一定的反作用。在科学技术迅猛发展的今天，对学生的自主学习能力的培养已成为重要的教学目标之一。全国许多综合性大学缩短了大学英语基础课程讲授课时，不断加大了网络自主学习课程的比重。在这样的背景下，“学生怎么学”相对于“教师怎么教”则更应该成为现今外语教学的重点。网考对于考试终端之一的学生的作用及学习策略方面的影响不容小觑。
一、大学英语四、六级网考概述
网考是指以计算机网络系统为载体的网络化英语考试。从表1可以看出，与传统纸笔式四六级考试相比，网考在测试任务和测试题型方面均做出了重大的调整。以听力为基础的题型分值占到65%。由于大学英语教学改革在全国各高校之间的进度和力度是不均衡的，而解决这一问题的方法之一是发挥考试的反馈作用。网考大幅度提高听说题型的比重，突出了多媒体网络教学模式对培养学生语言综合运用能力的重要性，而考试形式和考试内容的重大调整无疑强化了《要求》的主导思想，从而进一步推动大学英语教学改革的开展。
二、大学英语网考对英语教学的影响
1.学习条件
网考的不断推广促使各高校大学英语教学广泛采用基于计算机的新教学模式，以多媒体网络为技术支撑的教学系统日趋完善。以笔者所在学校为例，大力加强计算机辅助教学系统的硬件和软件建设，构建了以网络辅助教学管理平台为核心，以数字语音教学系统、无纸化网络测试系统、资源浏览系统和作业及自评系统为支撑的完善的网络教学平台。学习条件的不断完善会激励学生积极调整自己的学习策略，以充分利用新环境，从而达到更好的学习效果。
表 1 大学英语四级网考测试任务和题型描述(试点阶段)
2.教师教学
现今大多高校都将学生对教师的评估作为衡量教师优秀与否的要素之一。尽管学生有“打分权”，可以对教师提出改进教学方面的建议与意见，但在大多数学校里，学生仍然无法自由地选择老师，也很难对教师的教学策略施加影响。但考试这个指挥棒却能够促进老师有效调整教学策略。教学与测试之间的战略伙伴关系中，很重要的一部分就是教师能够根据测试的考核重点来调整自己的教学内容和教学方式。在我校大学英语教师对于网考态度的调查问卷中，86.7%的教师不同意继续使用目前的教学方法，并愿意改变教学方法以帮助学生准备网考。在教学内容和时间安排上，91.8%的教师认为，在今后的教学中，会更多地安排与听说相关的教学内容，如引入VOA、BBC，以及一些对话、讲座、访谈等视频内容。教师在学生学习策略训练中扮演着学习策略诊断者、学习策略训练者、学习策略辅导者和学习策略协调者的角色。因此，教师教学策略的调整直接影响了学生正确选择并使用学习策略，从而帮助学生学会有效学习。
3.学习任务
2007年修订的《要求》指出，大学英语的教学目标是培养学生的综合应用能力，特别是听说能力，使他们在今后学习、工作和社会交往中能用英语进行有效的交际。因此，在英语听、说、读、写、译五项技能的发展中，听和说是十分重要的。与此相适应，网考中将听说题型比重调整为65%，必将促使教师在布置学习任务时有所侧重。以往教师要求学生预习课文时，强调要掌握生词，学生往往将词汇的记忆置于首位，从而专注于采取词汇学习策略以攻克生词。网考后，教师往往将熟读课文、小组合作、角色扮演作为英语学习的主要手段，学生则采取与之相适应的听说学习策略和社会策略，其结果必然是学生英语综合应用能力与交际能力的不断提高。
三、大学英语四六级网考环境下的学习策略
1.元认知策略
元认知策略是为了成功学习一门外语而采取的一种管理策略，包括制订学习计划、监控学习过程和评估学习效果等。网考的不断推广促使各高校以多媒体网络为支撑的英语学习课程日益完善。而这种在线多媒体课程中的单元测试、阶段测试以及级别测试的设置加强了形成性评价在考核学生英语综合应用能力中的比重。学生通过自主上机进行学习、操练和自我检测，系统会对每一个学习阶段中听力、词汇、语法、口语、语音语调等全方位的学习状况提供分项得分报表。这种更加系统化与科学化的量化方式能够帮助学生更好地进行自我管理、自我监控与自我评估。而管理策略的使用使学生在英语学习过程中进行自我调整和自我规范，对其他学习策略的使用起着定向调节和整合的作用，从而进一步提高学习效果。
2.认知策略
认知策略是指掌握一门语言需要应用的最基本的策略，属于信息处理和加工过程中直接和具体的行为，即学习者在完成学习活动中用到的具体解决办法。认知策略的变化体现了网考对学生学习策略的最直接影响。首先，“跟读”题型的出现有效帮助学生彻底抛弃了以往“动眼不动口”的不良学习习惯。网考前，一项针对学生学习策略使用情况的问卷调查结果表明， 只有26.5%的学生表示课下会花时间学习语音语调，词汇记忆仍然占据学生绝大部分的学习时间。而网考后的问卷调查结果显示，94.8%的学生表示今后将更加注重语音语调的学习。通过不断进行听觉再现，学生积极采取读音记忆单词策略及同音词记忆策略。其次，网考中视频语料的大量出现使学生意识到利用图像帮助理解、记忆新信息的重要性。因此在学习生活中，学生会有意识地多接触一些多媒体资源，以帮助提高理解力与记忆力。
此外， 在传统纸笔试四六级考试中，听、读、写是相对独立的三大模块。而网考中，听与写有机结合，作文的内容是对视频的转述，包括提炼论点并表达观点。因此，学生在网考后更愿意采取笔录策略来学习英语。例如，在进行听力练习时对关键词或概念做笔记，设计简单的缩写、符号等速记标志，对听过的内容以口头或书面形式做一个小结等，以更好地检测对材料的理解，并有效提高表达能力。网考题型的设计能更好地测试学生不同层次的语言技能，有助于提高学生的词汇、听力、记忆、篇章理解、总结提炼等各方面的综合能力。
3.社会策略
社会策略指的是学习者为了完成任务与他人合作从而有效培养跨文化意识和交际能力而采取的策略。在实行四六级网考之前，尽管教师也鼓励小组学习、团队合作，但真正操作下来仍然是各自为政，同学之间的交流与合作程度有限。网考中，英美国家真实语料的大量出现是对学生英语综合应用能力与交际能力的一个挑战。82.3%的学生意识到要真正提高听说能力，同学之间的有效沟通与合作是必经之路。以往遇到不会用英语表达的内容时，同学往往采取回避策略，现在则更倾向于向老师请教和与同学探讨。当听不懂对方说的英语时，不会装作听懂，而是积极地向对方询问。在日常学习中，学生能有意识地培养和提高自己的听说及交际的能力，学习效果自然不言而喻。
4.情感策略
情感策略是指语言学习者在学习的过程中，通过自己的情绪、态度、动机等个体因素来影响语言学习。学生在参加网考后也普遍愿意以正面积极的态度去调整学习方向。尽管听说能力无疑是大部分中国学生学习英语的软肋，但74.6%的学生认为今后将有意识地采用适当的情感策略来克服学习障碍。例如，在与别人交流前，克服害羞心理，多鼓励自己，并进行自我暗示，相信自己不比别人差，以降低自己的紧张情绪。要学会自我放松，减轻自己的压力，以轻松且积极的态度加强听说练习。听说能力的提高并非一蹴而就。学生普遍认为，会积极调控自己的负面消极情绪，做好打持久战的准备。
参考文献：
[1]Hughes， A. Testing for Language Teachers[M]. Cambridge： Cam bridge University Press， 1989：2.
[2]蔡基刚. 大学英语四、六级网考：意义和反拨作用[J]. 外语电化 教学，2009(9).
[3]金艳，吴江.大学生英语四六级网考的设计原理[J]. 外语界， 2009(4)
[4]严明. 英语学习策略理论研究[M]. 长春：吉林出版集团有限公 司，2009：27.
[5]王瑰玮. 教师在学习策略训练中所扮演的角色[J].师资，2011 (5).
[6]O’Malley， J.M. & Chamot， A.U. Learning Strategies in Second Language Acquisition[M]. Cambridge： Cambridge University Press， 1990.
[7]韩玉群. 英语学习策略与自主学习中的教师角色[J]. 继续教育 研究，2011(6).
〔责任编辑：姚 丹〕
收稿日期：2012-11-01
基金项目：天津职业技术师范大学2011年度校级项目(SK11-11);天津职业技术师范大学外国语学院科研培育项目(wyk201108)
作者简介：张瑜(1981-)，女，天津人，讲师，硕士，从事英语教学法及英美文学研究;张金凤(1963-)，女，天津人，副教授，从事英语教学法研究。
作者：张瑜 张金凤
摘要：大学英语网考时代即将来临，作为大学英语教学一线工作者应该未雨绸缪地思考，如何应对这个教学变革。本文首先分析了大学英语网考的变革点，然后根据变革点提出了大学英语教学改革的具体措施。
关键词：大学英语 网考 教学改革
2008年开始的大学英语四、六级网考已走过了将近五个年头，试点的面在不断地扩大。越来越多的学生参与到网考的模式中，也越来越适应。自从计算机网络开始辅助语言教学，有学者就预言了语言测试方式将由传统纸质考试转变为计算机网络化的测试。四、六级网考只是第一步，往后的趋势必定是大学英语考试目前的纸笔英语考试全面被网考所替代。那么，在考试方式做大规模调整之前，作为高校教师有必要未雨绸缪地进行思考，来应对看得到的变化。本文探讨教师视角下应对大学英语网考的教学改革，旨在促进网考新形势下大学英语教学的发展。
要做教学上的改革，首先要了解考试内容上的变化。与四、六级网考的接轨，使得今后网考会有以下三个方面的重大改革：第一，“视听理解”加大了理解难度，引入了以视频为载体的英语原声语料(如新闻材料、社会生活等等)，真实展现英美生活和文化;而且语速明显加快，增加了考试的难度。第二，“视听综合”将传统考试中单独设置的语法、词汇、翻译和作文部分整合，题目设置均以一段视频内容为基础，特别是写作方面，要求考生在语音材料后，能概括材料的主要内容和中心思想，这样的题目设置不仅仅考学生一个方面的能力，而是综合能力的体现。第三，“口语跟读”的新题型，更加挑战难度。“口语跟读”题型也是综合能力的体现，既需要学生有即时记忆能力，又需要有综合理解能力，还考验学生的语音语调的精准度。总的来说，网考更加注重考生“听说理解”方面的能力体现，听力题型所占的比重达到了70%左右，这也看出大学英语改革的趋势是希望打破原来的“哑巴英语”、“聋子英语”教学。
我们该如何应对，笔者有如下浅见：
1 循序渐进，培养学生“视听说写作”能力
能力培养遵循听音——听大意——新闻听写与简单速——听力与写作的结合——听说结合的步骤。第一步，纠音练习。采用一些慢速英语作为听力材料，要求学生在听的同时模仿发音、跟读新闻，增强对语音语调的辨识能力和敏感度。第二步，培养语感。这个练习是训练学生听懂材料的大意，并不急于抠细节，不要将注意力停留在个别听不懂的词语短语上，也不要急于完成书面上的听力练习题。这样也可以培养学生的语感，这个阶段形成“只可意会不可言传”的感受。第三步，简单速记练习。当学生有了基本语感，对于所听英语材料能够大致理解基本意思后，接下来，就需要提高难度，要求学生做一些简单记录，将语音材料中能表达主要观点和中心思想的词语进行摘录。第四步，听力与写作的结合。这样的方式，抛弃了原来将两者割裂的局面，学生要对听过或看过的新闻材料或访谈类节目进行概述，并发表评论。第五步，听说结合。在听力课堂上，可以采用灵活的方式，组织学生进行分组讨论、新闻复述、新闻汇报，或采用问答法。鼓励每一个学生将听到的语音材料，通过自己的理解重新组织语言表述。
2 使用真实语料，内容选择多样化
在现今教学中，通常使用的听力材料都是特定场景的设计，不是真实生活的再现，这使得学生在课堂教学上接受的是失真的语言环境，而网考将会选择的是地道的英语新闻、访谈、报道、讲座等材料，语速是英语母语国民的正常速度。为了让学生更好地适应考试环境，在平时的教学、练习中就应该找出真实生活环境的听力材料，最大程度上与考试环境靠近。
3 使用网络教学，培养学生学习的主体性与自主性
一个黑板、一支粉笔的教学模式已经不能适应目前的英语教学发展，很多学校都加入了多媒体的形式，但要适应网考模式，教师应使用网络教学方式，使得学生能够适应网络考试环境。最重要的是，在网络上，学生能找到大量真实鲜活的语言材料。根据，自己的学习程度、学习速度及学习兴趣来选择学习、练习。这样让学生成为学习的主人，而教师作为课堂的组织者、指导者参与课堂教学，能够培养学生作为学习主体的责任心和自主学习能力。
4 加强课外听说辅导，教师可以向学生推荐好的英语学习素材
教师应帮助学生开出一些英语原版书籍，并将书录的阅读作为课堂教学的补充。阅读英文原版书籍，可以扩大学生知识面，同时又能感受地道英美语言表达方式，更好地培养语感。另外，外国电影和当前热播的美剧也是学生学习英语的最好素材之一。
影像画面资料丰富，能够很好地提升学生的学习兴趣，并且纯正的英美口音可以让学生在潜移默化中受到影响。另外，教师应当积极利用学校电台，安排好时间表，定时给学生播放节目，并督促学生自主学习。学校语音室也应该定时开放，为学生提供自主学习场所，弥补课堂教学见识的不足。这样的举措，既可以激发学生学习的兴趣，还在无形之中加大英语的输入，从而真正提高学生运用英语的能力。
作为大学英语教师，我们应该更加注重学生语言主观能力和综合运用能力的培养。当前大学英语教学的重要指导思想就是确立以交际为目的、学生为中心的教学新理念，把改革的重点放在激发、引导学生的主观能动性和参与性上，强调学生的语言综合能力。在实际教学过程中，教师要在课堂上为学生提供足够的听说机会和环境。
参考文献：
[1]任玉琴，杜建育.基于四、六级网考环境下的大学英语听说教学对策[J].空中英语教室，2011，(2).
[2]杨鹏鲲，卜长青.大学英语网考现存问题分析及对策研究[J].中国科教创新导刊，2011，(34).
[3]潘晓笛，王立新，金成珠.网考背景下大学英语听说课的教学改革建议[J].考核周刊，2011，(5).
作者简介：法小虎(1978-)，讲师，研究方向为大学英语教育，长沙学院，湖南长沙 410100
作者：法小虎
一学习类
1. try to do sth.
尽力做某事
try one’s best to do sth.
尽最大的努力去做某事
spare no efforts to do sth..
不遗余力地去做某事
2. as +adj./adv. + as possible / as + adj. / adv. + one can /could尽可能
eg. Speak English as often as possible
尽可能多说英语
3. ask sb. to do sth.
请求某人做某事
eg. ask the teacher to help me with my English
请老师帮助我的英语学习
4. The following is my way to do sth.
以下是我做某事的方法
eg. The following is my way to overcome the difficulties in learning English. 以下是我在英语学习中克服困难的方法
5. sb. spend + time + (in) doing sth.
某人花费时间做某事
6. have trouble (in) doing sth. / have trouble with sth.
做某事有困难 / 麻烦
7. in order to learn English well
为了学好英语
8. go over …points I have learnt
复习已学过的…… 要点
eg. go over grammar points I have learnt regularly
有规律地复习学过的语法要点
9. I am weak in…./ I am bad at ….
我在某方面薄弱
eg. I am weak in /bad at grammar.
我在语法方面薄弱
10. The most difficult for me is how to….
我最大的困难是怎样去做……
eg. The most difficult for me I how to memorize all thee English words.我最大的困难是怎样去记住这些英语单词。
11. be confused with…
对…… 感到困惑
eg. I’m quite confused with different tenses
我对于不同的时态感到困惑
12. be worried about …对…… 感到担心
eg. I am worried about my spoken English.
我对我的英语口语感到担心。
13. make use of利用
eg. make use of the advantages that interest Internet brings us
利用因特网给我们带来的好处
14. A influence B with….A用…… 来影响B
eg. Parents influence children with their words.
父母的话语对孩子会有影响。
15. It is important for me to do sth.
我做某事是重要的。
16. It is necessary for me to learn sth. well
我学好……是很有必要的。
二 节假类 / 旅游 / 家乡
1. A is the most important festival for B.
A对于B来说是很重要的节日。
2. sb. prepare sth. for ….
某人为……准备某物
eg. We prepare dumplings for the Spring Festival.
我们为春节准备饺子。
3. have a good / happy / wonderful time in / at + 节日 + with sb.
和某人在某节日过得很开心
eg. I hope all of you have a good time in the Spring Festival.
希望所有人在春节玩得愉快。
4. look forward to doing sth.
期待做某事
eg. I’m looking forward to visiting your country.
我期待拜访你的国家。
5. call on sb. / call at sb’s place
拜访某人 / 去某地拜访某人
eg. Friends call on one another.
朋友们互相拜访。
6. Some place is filled with all kinds of cheerful people.
某地都是充满兴奋的人们
7. Some place is the place that I’ve been wanting to visit most.
某地一直是我最想去的地方
8. give sb. an introduction about where to stay
给某人呆在某地的建议
9. There are many different interesting activities that people can enjoy in some place.在某地人们可以享受到许多不同的娱乐活动。
10. The weather is neither hot nor cold but very cool.
天气既不热也不冷，而是凉爽。
三 爱好类 / 体育
1. form a habit of doing something
养成做某事的习惯
eg. form a habit of running after class
养成课后跑步的习惯
2. All in all, the reasons above make me like something best.总而言之，以上的原因让我最喜欢某物。
3. In conclusion, A is my favorite ….
总的来说，A是我最喜欢的……
4. ….is part of my life.
……是我生命中的一部分。
5. Of all my hobbies, I like doing something best.
在我所有的爱好中，我最喜欢做某事。
6. It is … that keeps me in good mood.
是……让我保持好的心情/情绪
7. If there were worries from daily life, I went to do something.当日常生活中有担忧时， 我就去做某事。
8. It’s helpful to make you happy when you are doing something当你做某事时很容易使你开心。
9. It has brought joy and interest into people’s life.
它为人们的生活带来了许多欢乐。
10. sth. makes our life colorful
某事 / 物使生活多彩
11. sth. Is the best way of getting relaxed after a busy day’s work某某是一天繁忙工作后放松的最好方式。
12. I love this sport because it brings joys and health to my life我爱这项运动因为它为我的生活带来了乐趣和健康。
13. I would like to do something我想做某事
like / enjoy doing something喜欢做某事
14. be good at … /be keen on… / be fond of… / be interested in…擅长 / 爱好 / 喜欢……
eg. I’m good at playing chess..
我喜欢下棋。
15. take part in….参加…….活动
eg. Take part in voluntary labor.
参加志愿者的活动。
16. Life lies on exercise..
生命在于运动。
四 水 / 生命 / 金钱 / 人生
1. Just as sunshine is a necessity to life, so is A to B.
就像阳光是生命的必需品一样，A对B也是如此。
2. come to a stop停止
eg. Without fresh water, our human society would come to a stop.如果没有新鲜水，我们人类社会就停止了。
3. treasure something as we treasure our life
像珍惜我们的生命一样珍惜某东西
4. protect A from doing / being done保护A远离…… / 不被…….eg. protect the water from pollution
保护水不被污染
5. Money is not equal to happiness
金钱不等同于快乐。
6. Health is more important than wealth.
健康远比财富重要。
7. Failure is the mother of success.
失败乃成功之母。
8. never give up
决不言弃 / 永不放弃
9. Stress encourages people to work harder than ever before.压力会鼓励人们比以前更加努力的工作。
10. Honesty is the best policy.
诚实至上。
be honest to something / somebody
对某事 / 某人诚实
11.Good luck passes by you and leaves you.
好运路过了你，并又离开了你。
五 传媒类
1. Internet / television has its good as well as bad sides.
因特网 / 电视有好的一面也有坏的一面
2. Somebody be informed of something
使某人得知某事
Internet makes us informed of daily news.
因特网使我们得知每日新闻。
3. A causes harm to B
A对B产生伤害 / 有害处
eg. TV ads have caused much harm to society.
电视广告已对社会产生了很大的害处。
4. A get rid of B
A脱离B的掌控 / A远离B
eg. False advertisements must be got rid of in our society在我们社会中必须远离错误广告。
5. sth. be becoming more and more popular
某东西变得越来越受欢迎
6. sth. have both favorable and unfavorable aspects
某事有好与不好两个方面
7. Every coin has its two sides.
事物都有两面性。
第六部分：书面表达
题目1
Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a short passage to express your views on a given topic. You should write at least 80 words and base your writing on the Chinese outline below:
因特网与现代社会
因特网对生活的影响
The Internet has become a symbol of modern society. For example, via the Internet, we can send a message to a friend or a relative in a distant place within seconds; we can talk to each other or even see each other; we can do shopping without going out; we can stay home and do business with foreign companies. In fact, we can do many things more easily and more cheaply using the Internet. So, I cannot imagine what society would be like without the Internet.
题目2
Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a story about what happened to you or to someone else. You should write at least 80 words and base your story on the Chinese outline below:
1. 事件发生的时间和地点
2. 人物
3. 事件的经过
A Day to Remember (难忘的一天)
It was Sunday. Our teacher Mr. Zhu led us to a park nearby. Usually we go to the park to spend our holiday. But today we went there to take part in voluntary labor.
We got there at nine o’clock. Mr. Zhu divided us into three groups and then we began working. Group One was responsible to plant trees and water flowers. Group Two were busy collecting litter left by the tourists. I was in Group Three. We went to the children’s playground and cleaned all the equipment there. We worked very hard. At about eleven we finished work. We all were tired but very happy. I will never forget the day in my memory
题目3
Saying something about going abroad for holidays (谈谈出国度假), 可以包括以下内容：
1. How to choose a certain country.
2. Why are you willing to go abroad for holiday.
3. Advantages and disadvantages.
4. What are you going to do in the country.
In recent years, going abroad for a holiday has almost become a national pastime. Traveling is indeed fun. I am dreaming of going abroad for holiday. The ideal destination is Paris. Paris is very beautiful and full of romance. Still, going abroad will make me know more about the world and enrich my life. I can experience the different culture in another country. Going abroad for holiday can also be exciting. I will do a lot of shopping in Paris and buy presents for my friends. I hope my dream will come true one day.
题目4
写一篇论述短文，描述你本人学习英语的体会。可以包括以下内容：
5. The importance of learning English.
6. How to learn English well?
7. What are your good experience and failing lesson?
Why I like learning English? Firstly, English is very useful. English is the most widely used language in the world. If we make a visit to foreign countries or do business with foreigners, we need to communicate with them in English. Secondly, with China becoming stronger and stronger, we have more chances to go abroad. We can know the English-speaking countries much deeper if we know English. Both China and English-speaking countries have realized the importance of the culture exchanging. Above all, English is useful and important, we must master English.
题目5
Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write an email to a business partner in London about your trip next month. You should write at least 80 words and base your email on the Chinese outline below:
1. 接受邀请下星期到英国观光旅游
2. 希望对方能到机场接你
3. 告诉对方你抵达的日期和航班号等
Dear Mr. Brown,
I would like to accept you invitation to go to Britain for holiday. Britain is my dream destination. Would it possible for you to meet me at the airport? The plane leaves Tianjin at 18:25 and arrives in London at 20:50 next Tuesday. My flight number is CA5027. I am really grateful for you kindly support.
I am sure I will enjoy my stay in Britain.
Bob
Yours faithfully
题目6
Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a note to tell your boss that you cannot attend this afternoon’s meeting. You should write at least 80 words and base your note on the Chinese outline below:
1. 你刚接到妻子电话
2. 你不得不回家带小孩上医院看病
3. 晚上跟老板联系
Dear Mr. Burns,
I’m sorry to say that I cannot attend this afternoon’s meeting. I just received a phone call from my wife. She told me our child has a fever and is coughing all the time. He has refused to eat or drink anything since this morning, so I will have to go back home now and drive them to hospital. I will phone you this evening to discuss my new business plan. Sorry for the inconvenience.
Bob
2010年12月25日大学英语
四、六级网考试点考试报
名的通知
2010-11-15 15:43:23 作者：郭斌 来源：网络 浏览次数：1071 文字大小：【大】【中】【小】
重庆工商大学关于
2010年12月25日大学英语
四、六级网考试点考试报名的通知
各学院及考生：
根据《教育部关于进一步深化本科教学改革全面提高教学质量的若干意见》(教高[2007]2号)文件精神和重庆工商大学考点的安排，学校决定2010年12月25日组织一次全国大学英语
四、六级网考试点考试，具体事宜通知如下：
一、考试时间
大学英语四级网考试点考试时间： 2010年12月25日9：30至11：30 大学英语六级网考试点考试时间： 2010年12月25日14：00至16：00 二，考试地点
南岸校区启智楼80304，80305
三、报名资格及人数
1、报名资格：在校非2010级本科学生
2、报名人数：四级和六级单科最大报名人数为110人。 3、不允许
四、六级同时报名
四、报名时间
2010年11月22日中午13：00-11月23日23：59
五、报名方法及缴费
1、考生登录教务处网站()教务信息系统进行网上报名
2、 因时间紧，此次报名不进行随机抽选考生，网上报名只设定了110个考生报名容量，因此请需要报名的考生务必提前做好准备，以免错过报名时机或因报名人数满无法报名。
3、11月23日23：59分报名结束后，请网上已报名考生务必于11月24日上午10：00-12：00到厚德楼2010室郭老师处缴费(缴费金额按考委会文件35元/人)，过时不缴费都视为自动放弃参考资格，考生因个人原因在外地不能及时到校者可请同学代缴费。
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Test 1 第一部分：交际用语(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分) 1. —How are you, Bob? —____________ Ted. A. How are you?
B. I’m fine. Thank you. C. How do you do?
D. Nice to meet you. 2. —Thanks for your help. —____________ A. My pleasure.
B. Never mind. C. Quite right.
D. Don’t thank me. 3. —Hello, I’m Harry Potter. —Hello, my name is Charles Green, but ____________. A. call my Charles
B. call me at Charles C. call me Charles
D. call Charles me 4. —Paul, ____________? —Oh, that’s my father! And beside him, my mother. A. what is the person over there
B. who’s talking over there C. what are they doing
D. which is that 5. —Hi, Tom, how’s everything with you? —____________, and how are you? A. Don’t mention it
B. Hm, not too bad C. Thanks
D. Pretty fast 6. —That’s a beautiful dress you have on! —____________ A. Oh, thanks. I got it yesterday.
B. Sorry, it’s too cheap. C. You can have it
D. See you later. 7. —Why didn’t you come to my birthday party yesterday? —____________ A. Excuse me, my friend sent me a flower. B. Fine, I never go to birthday parties. C. Ha„ha, I don’t like birthday parties. D. Sorry, but my wife had a car accident 8. —Hi, welcome back! Had a nice trip? —____________ A. Oh, fantastic! Fresh air, and sunshine every day. B. Come on, I’ve got lots of fun. C. By the way, I don’t like Saturdays. D. Well, I’ll look forward to your phone call. 9. —Haven’t seen you for ages! What are you busy doing now? —____________ A. I hate the weather here. B. My hair is getting a bit longer. C. Yeah, thanks for coming.
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D. I am working part time in a bookshop, you know. 10. —Marilyn, I’m afraid I have to be leaving now. —____________ A. That sounds wonderful.
B. Oh, so early? C. Not at all.
D. Good luck! 1-5 BACBB 6-10 ADADB
第二部分：阅读理解(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)
Passage 1 The French Revolution broke out in 1789. At the time France was in a crisis. The government was badly run and people’s lives were miserable. King Louis XIV tried to control the national parliament and raise more taxes. But his effort failed. He ordered his troops to Versailles. The people thought that Louis intended to put down the Revolution by force. On July 14,1789, they stormed and took the Bastille, where political prisoners were kept. Ever since that day, July 14 has been the French National Day. Louis tried to flee the country in 1792 to get support from Austria and Prussia. However, he was caught and put in prison. In September 1792, the monarchy was abolished. In the same year, Louis was executed. A few months later his wife, Marie also had her head cut off. The Revolution of France had frightened the other kings of Europe. Armies from Austria and Prussia began to march against France. The French raised republican armies to defend the nation. The Revolution went through a period of terror. Thousands of people lost their lives. In the end, power passed to Napoleon Bonaparte. (190 words) 11. What’s this passage about? A. France.
B. King Louis. C. The French Revolution. D. Europe. 12. Which did not happen in 1789? A. The French Revolution broke out.
B. The national economy was developing rapidly. C. The government wasn’t well run. D. King Louis XIV was in power. 13. Where were the political prisoners kept? A. In Versailles. B. In Austria.
C. In Prussia.
D. In Bastille. 14. What does the underlined word “abolished” mean? A. Put off. B. Established. C. United.
D. Ended. 15. What was NOT the effect of the Revolution? A. July 14 has become the French National Day. B. It brought some impact on the other European Kings. C. Louis’s wife, Marie was killed. D. The king tried to control the national parliament. 11-15 CBDDD
Passage 2 In the United States, it is not customary to telephone someone very early in the morning. If you telephone him early in the day, while he is shaving or having
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breakfast, the time of the call shows that the matter is very important and requires immediate attention. The same meaning is attached to telephone calls made after 11:00 p.m. If someone receives a call during sleeping hours, he assumes it’s a matter of life or death. The time chosen for the call communicates its importance. In social life, time plays a very important part. In the U.S.A. guests tend to feel they are not highly regarded if the invitation to a dinner party is extended only three or four days before the party date. But it is not true in all countries. In other areas of the world, it may be considered foolish to make an appointment too far in advance because plans which are made for a date more than a week away tend to be forgotten. The meaning of time differs in different parts of the world. Thus, misunderstandings arise between people from different cultures that treat time differently. Promptness is valued highly in American life, for example. If people are not prompt, they may be regarded as impolite or not fully responsible. In the U.S. no one would think of keeping a business associate waiting for an hour, it would be too impolite. A person who is 5 minutes late, will say a few words of explanation, though perhaps he will not complete the sentence. (260 words) 16. What is the main idea of this passage? __________ A. It is not customary to telephone someone in the morning and in sleeping hours in the U.S. B. The role of time in social life over the world. C. If people are not prompt, they may be regarded as impolite or not fully responsible in the U.S. D. Not every country treats the concept of time as the same. 17. What does it mean in the passage if you call someone during his or her sleeping hours? __________ A. A matter of work. B. A matter of life or death. C. You want to see him or her. D. You want to make an appointment with him or her. 18. Which of the following time is proper if you want to make an appointment with your friend? __________ A. at 7: 00 am. B. at 4:00 pm. C. at the midnight. D. at 4:00 am. 19. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage? __________ A. In the U.S.A guests tend to feel they are highly regarded if the invitation to a dinner party is extended only three or four days before the party date. B. There is no misunderstanding arising between people from different cultures about the concept of time. C. It may be considered foolish to make an appointment well in advance in the U.S.A.. D. Promptness is valued highly in American life. 20. From the passage we can safely infer that __________. A. it’s a matter of life or death if you call someone in day time B. the meaning of time differs in different parts of the world
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C. it makes no difference in the U.S. whether you are early or late for a business party D. if a person is late for a date, he needn’t make some explanation 16-20 BBBDB
Passage 3 A foreigner’s first impression of the U.S. is likely to be that everyone is in a rush-often under pressure. City people appear always to be hurrying to get where they are going restlessly, seeking attention in a store, and elbowing others as they try to complete their errands (任务). Racing through daytime meals is part of the pace of life in this country. Working time is considered precious. Others in public eating places are waiting for you to finish so that they too can be served and get back to work within the time allowed. Each person hurries to make room for the next person. If you don’t, waiters will hurry you. You also find drivers will be abrupt and that people will push past you. You will miss smiles, brief conversations, and small courtesies with strangers. Don’t take it personally. This is because people value time highly, and they resent someone else “wasting” it beyond a certain courtesy point. The view of time affects the importance we attach to patience. In the American system of values, patience is not a high priority. Many of us have what might be called “a short fuse.” We begin to move restlessly about if we feel time is slipping away without some returnbe this in terms of pleasure, work value, or rest. Those coming from lands where time is looked upon differently may find this matter of pace to be one of their most difficult adjustments in both business and daily life. Many newcomers to the States will miss the opening courtesy of a business call, for example, they will miss the ritual socializing that goes with a welcoming cup of tea or coffee they may be traditional in their own country. They may miss leisurely business chats in a café or coffeehouse. Normally, Americans do not assess their visitors in such relaxed surroundings over prolonged small talks. We seek out evidence of past performance rather than evaluate a business colleague through social courtesies. Since we generally assess and probe professionally rather than socially, we start talking business very quickly. (348 words) 21. Which of the following statements is wrong? __________ A. Americans seem to be always under pressure. B. Americans attach less importance to patience. C. Americans don’t care much about ritual socializing. D. Americans are impolite to their business colleagues. 22. In the fourth paragraph, “a high priority” means __________. A. a less important thing
B. a first concern C. a good business
D. an attractive gift 23. Americans evaluate a business colleague __________. A. through social courtesy
B. through prolonged business talks C. by establishing business relations D. by learning about their past performance
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24. This passage mainly talks about __________. A. how Americans treasure their time
B. how busy Americans are every day C. how Americans do business with foreigners D. what American way of life is like 25. We can infer from the passage that the author’s tone in writing is ___________. A. critical
B. ironical C. appreciative D. objective 21-25 DBDAC 第三部分：词汇与结构(共20小题;每小题1分，满分20分)
26. Professor Smith promised to look ______ my paper, that is, to read it carefully before the defense. A. after
B. over
C. on
D. into 27. Our house is about a mile from the railway station and there are not many houses ______. A. in between B. far apart C. among them D. from each other 28. As the bus came round the corner, it ran ______ a big tree by the roadside. A. into
B. on
C. over
D. up 29. On average, a successful lawyer has to talk to several ______ a day. A. customers
B. supporters
C. guests D. clients 30. What is the train _____ to Birmingham? A. fee
B. tip
C. fare
D. cost 31. The students were all entertained in a Mexican restaurant, at Professor Brian’s ______. A. money
B. pay
C. expense
D. loss 32. Tom, what did you do with my documents? I have never seen such a ______ and disorder! A. mass
B. mess
C. guess
D. bus 33. If she wants to stay thin, she must make a ______ in her diet. A. change
B. turn
C. run
D. go 34. ______ the War of Independence, the United States was an English colony. A. Before
B. At
C. In
D. Between 35. You shouldn’t ______ your time like that, Bob; you have to finish your school work tonight. A. cut
B. do
C. kill
D. kick 36. When Lily came home at 5 p.m. yesterday, her mother ______ dinner in the kitchen. A. cooked
B. was cooking C. cooks
D. has cooked 37. Did you notice the guy ______ head looked like a big potato? A. who
B. which
C. whose
D. whom 38. Both the kids and their parents ______ English, I think. I know it from their accent. A. is
B. been
C. are
D. was
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39. Never before ______ see such a terrible car accident on the road! A. I have
B. have I
C. I did
D. did I 40. John’s father ______ mathematics in this school ever since he graduated from Harvard University. A. taught
B. teaches
C. has taught D. is teaching 41. Every year thousands of lives ______ in road accidents because of careless driving. A. lose
B. lost
C. have lost
D. are lost 42. The young lady coming over to us ______ our English teacher; the way she walks tells us that! A. must be
B. can be
C. would be D. could be 43. Had you come five minutes earlier, you ______ the train to Birmingham. But now you missed it. A. would catch B. would have caught C. could catch D. should catch 44. Eggs, though rich in nourishments, have ______ of fat. A. a large number
B. the large number C. a large amount
D. the large amount 45. No matter ______, the little sisters managed to round the sheep up and drive them back home safely. A. it was snowing hard
B. hard it was snowing C. how it was snowing hard
D. how hard it was snowing 26-30 BAADC 31-35 CBAAC 36-40 BCCDC 41-45 DABCD 第四部分：完形填空(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
There were once three sons of a wealthy businessman. 46 they met, the two eldest, who were twins, 47 to quarrel about which of them should be his father’s heir(继承人). The youngest, who was not 48 ambitious (野心勃勃的), took no part in their argument. As soon as they left home, the father arranged for an adequate income to be provided for 49 of them, but insisted that apart from this they were to be financially self-supporting. The 50 twin, who had the advantage of good looks and a striking personality, decided that he would take up the stage 51 a career. He 52 a small repertory company, acted in minor parts, was always unpunctual (不准时)at rehearsals and was accordingly 53 with his fellow-actors. He earned little and so had to live mainly on his allowance. He occasionally thought of 54 his profession, but always put off 55 a decision, and he became increasingly bored and disillusioned.
46. A. whatever B. whenever C. wherever D. however 47. A. are used B. used
C. using
D. are using 48. A. at least B. at most
C. in the least D. in the most 49. A. every
B. all
C. each
D. none 50. A. first
B. older
C. younger
D.
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elder 51. A. is
B. as
C. be
D. / 52. A. joined
B. attended C. went
D. joined in 53. A. popular
B. unpopular C. welcome
D. unwelcome 54. A. living
B. turning
C. ending
D. changing 55. A. making
B. make
C. decide
D. deciding 46-50 BBCCD 51-55 BABDA 第五部分：英翻汉(满分15分)
请在20分钟内把下列5句英文翻译成中文，把答案写在答题纸上。
56. Wang Li’s father has taught English here since he graduated from Peking University. 57. Please give this book to whoever comes first. 58. Though it was late, they kept on working. 59. Bill hit his car into a wall last night. 60. Would you please help me with this heavy box? 56. 王丽的父亲从北京大学毕业后就一直在这里教英语。 57. 请把这本书给最先来的人。
58. 尽管已经很晚了，他们还在继续工作。 59. 昨晚比尔开车时车撞到了墙上。 60. 你能帮我拾一下这个很沉的箱子吗? 第六部分：写作(满分15分)
要求在30分钟内，根据下面所给的题目和中文提纲用英语写出一篇不少于80词的短文。
Sports 1.你喜欢什么运动。
2.你如何喜欢上这种运动。
3.运动对你有什么益处(工作、学习和生活)。
Sports Just as lots of teenagers take to pop music, I love basketball. It’s part of my life. I began to play basketball in my childhood. I still remember the good old days when I played with my classmates after school. Later on, as I grew up, almost everything changed, but this sport-playing basketball remained and my love of it grew even stronger. I love this sport because it brings joys and health to my life. When I got tired from office work, I went to the sports ground and felt refreshed. If there were worries and cares from daily life. I went to the sports ground. There everything went away except basketball. It is basketball that keeps me in good shape and mood.
Test 2 第一部分：交际用语(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分) 1. —Who’s that speaking? —This is Tom ____________ A. speaks
B. spoken
C. speaking
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2. —I’m sorry. I lost the key. —____________ A. Well, it’s OK.
B. No, it’s all right. C. You are welcome.
D. You are wrong. 3. —It’s rather cold in here. Do you mind if I close the window? —____________ A. Yes, please. B. No, go ahead. C. Sure, please.
D. I don’t like it. 4. —____________ —He teaches physics in a school. A. What does your father want to do? B. Who is your father? C. What is your father?
D. Where is your father now? 5. —Excuse me, how much is the jacket? —It’s 499 Yuan. ____________. A. Oh, no. That’s OK!
B. How do you like it? C. Which do you prefer?
D. Would you like to try it on? 6. —____________ —Well, they got there last Wednesday. So about a week. A. When did your parents arrive at Paris? B. How long have your parents been in Paris? C. Did your parents arrive at Paris last Wednesday? D. When will your parents go to Paris? 7. —How often do you go dancing? —____________ A. I will go dancing tomorrow.
B. Yesterday. C. Every other day.
D. I’ve been dancing for a year. 8. —You know, I have three kids now. —____________ A. Well, I’ve grown a mustache.
B. That’s terrific! C. Say, you’ve really changed your hair. D. Well, I gave up drinking. 9. —How about going to dinner at the Mexican restaurant tonight? —____________ A. Forget it.
B. Sorry, I like Mexican food. C. That’s great!
D. Glad you like it. 10. —Madam, do all the buses go downtown? —____________ A. Wow, you got the idea.
B. No, never mind. C. Pretty well, I guess.
D. Sorry, I’m new here. 1-5 CABCD
6-10 BCBCD 第二部分：阅读理解(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)
Passage 1 Sixteen-year-old Maria was waiting in line at the airport in Santo Domingo. She was leaving her native country to join her sister in the United States. She spoke English very well. Though she was very happy she could go abroad, she was feeling
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sad at leaving her family and fiends. As she was thinking all about this, she suddenly heard the airline employee asking her to pick up her luggage and put it on the scales(称). Maria pulled and pulled. The bag was too heavy and she just couldn’t lift it up. The man behind her got very impatient. He, too, was waiting to check in his luggage. “What’s wrong with this girl?” He said, “Why doesn’t she hurry up?” He moved forward and placed his bag on the counter, hoping to check in fist. He was in a hurry to get a good seat. Maria was very angry, but she was very polite. And in her best English she said, “Why are you so upset? There are enough seats for everyone on the plane. If you are in such a hurry, why can’t you give me a hand with my luggage?”
The man was surprised to hear Maria speak English. He quickly picked up her luggage and stepped back. Everyone was looking at him with disapproval. (224 words)
11. Maria’s story happened ________. A. when she was leaving America B. on her way back to Santo Domingo C. before she left the USA
D. when she arrived at the airport 12. You believer that the work of the airline employee mentioned in the story is to _______ at the airport. A. help carry people’s luggage B. ask people to pick up the luggage C. check people’s luggage
D. take care of people’s luggage 13. “Why are you so upset?” Maria said to the man. She wanted to tell him that he should not be _______. A. surprised
B. sad
C. unhappy
D. sorry 14. “Everyone was looking at him with disapproval.” This sentence means that the people around felt _______. A. worried about Maria
B. worried about the man C. sorry for Maria’s manners
D. sorry for the man’s manners 15. The author mentioned Maria’s age at the beginning of the story in order to show that _________. A. she was young but behaved properly
B. she would not have left home alone C. everyone around her was wrong
D. it was not good that nobody offered to help her 11-15 DCCDA
Passage 2 There are three kinds of goals: short-term, medium-range and long-term goals. Short-term goals are those that usually deal with current activities, which we can apply on a daily basis. Such goals can be achieved in a week or less, or two weeks, or possibly, months. It should be remembered that just as a building is no stronger than its foundation, long-term goals cannot amount to very much without the achievement of solid short-term goals. Upon completing our short-term goals, we should date the occasion and then add new short-term goals that will build on
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those that have been completed. The intermediate goals build on the foundation of the short-term goals. They might deal with just one term of school or the entire school year, or they could even extend for several years. Any time you move a step at a time, you should never allow yourself to become discouraged or overwhelmed. As you complete each step, you will enforce the belief in your ability to grow and succeed. And as your list of completion dates grow, your motivation and desire will increase. Long-term goals may be related to our dreams of the future. They might cover five years or more. Life is not a static thing. We should never allow a long-term goal to limit us or our course of action.(221 words) 16. Our long-term goals mean a lot ____________. A. If we cannot reach solid short-term goals
B. If we complete the short-term goals C. If we have dreams of the future
D. If we put forward some plans 17. New short-term goals are built upon ____________. A. a daily basis
B. your achievement in a week C. current activities
D. the goals that have been completed 18. When we complete each step of our goals, ____________. A. we will win final success
B. we are overwhelmed C. we should build up confidence of success
D. we should have strong desire for setting new goals 19. What is the main idea of this passage? ____________ A Life is a dynamic thing.
B. we should set up long-term goals C. Different kinds of goals in life.
D. The limitation of long-term goals. 20. Which of the following statements is wrong according to the passage? ____________ A. The long-term goals cannot amount to very much without the achievement of solid short-term goals B. The intermediate goals build on the foundation of the short-term goals. C. Life is a static thing, thus we should never allow a long-term goal to limit us or our course of action. D. We should often add new short-term goals to those which have been completed. 16-20 BDCCC
Passage 3 Britain and France are separated by the English Channel, a body of water that can be crossed in as few as 20 minutes. But the cultures of the two countries sometimes seem to be miles apart.
thLast Thursday Britain and France celebrated the 100 anniversary(周年纪念)of the signing of a friendship agreement called the Entente Cordiality. The agreement marked a new beginning for the countries following centuries of wars and love-hate partnership. But their relationship has been ups and downs over the past century. Just last
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year, there were fierce disagreements over the Iraq war-which British Prime Minister Tony Blair supported despite French President Jacques Chirac speaking out against it. This discomfort is expressed in Blair and Chirac’s body language at international meetings. While the French leader often greets German Chancellor Gerhard Schroeder with a hug(拥抱), Blair just receives a handshake. However, some political experts say the war in Iraq could in fact have helped ties. The history of divisions may well be because of the very different ways in which the two sides see the world. But this doesn’t stop 12 million Britons taking holidays in France each year. However, only 3 million French come in the opposite direction. Surveys(调查)show that most French people feel closer to the Germans than they do to the British. And the research carried out in Britain has found that only a third of the population believes the French can be trusted. Perhaps this bad feeling comes because the British dislike France’s close relationship with Germany, or because the French are not happy with Britain’s close links with the US. Whatever the answer is, as both sides celebrate 100 years of “doubtful friendship”, they are at least able to make jokes about each other. Here’s one: What’s the best thing about Britain’s relationship with France? The English Channel. (320 words)
21. For centuries, the relationship between Britain and France is ____________. A. friendly B. impolite C. brotherly D. a mixture of love and hate 22. The war in Iraq does ____________ to the relationship between France and Britain. A. good
B. harm
C. neither good nor harm
D. both good and harm 23. The British are not so friendly to ____________ and the French are not so friendly to ____________. A. Germany; America
B. America; Germany C. Germany; Germany
D. America; America 24. ____________ are more interested in having holidays in ____________. A. American people„Britain
B. British people „ Germany C. French people „ Britain
D. British people „ France 25. What does the last sentence mean? A. As long as the English Channel exists, no further disagreement will form between France and Britain. B. The English Channel can prevent anything unfriendly happening in both France and Britain. C. France and Britain are near neighbors, and this will help balance the relationship between them. D. The English Channel is the largest enemy between France and Britain. 21-25 DDADC 第三部分：词汇与结构(共20小题;每小题1分，满分20分)
26. I don’t know the park, but it’s ______ to be quite beautiful. A. said
B. told
C. spoken
D. talked
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27. Mike is better than Peter ______ swimming. A. for
B. at
C. on
D. in 28. The baby is hungry, but there’s ______ milk in the bottle. A. little
B. a little
C. few
D. a few 29. Nancy is ______ girl. A. a eighteen-year-old
B. an eighteen-years-old C. a eighteen-years-old
D. an eighteen-year-old 30. Harry, who had failed in the final exam, had a great worry ______ his mind. A. on
B. in
C. with
D. at 31. Do you know the man ______ under the apple tree? A. lay
B. lain
C. lying
D. laying 32. —Is the library ______ now? —No, it’s ______. A. open; close
B. opening; losing
C. open; closed D. opened; closed 33. —When shall we meet again? —______ it any day you like. It’s all the same to me. A. Do
B. Get
C. Meet
D. Make 34. ______ girl dressed ______ black is her sister Rose. A. A; in
B. A; on
C. The; on
D. The; in 35. Although he did not know London well, he made his way ______ to the airport. A. easy enough B. enough C. easily enough D. enough easily 36. Two thousand dollars ______ enough for the car. A. being
B. were
C. are
D. is 37. They have learned about ______ in recent years. A. several hundreds English words
B. hundreds of English words C. hundred of English words
D. several hundred English word 38. With his work completed, the manager stepped back to his seat, feeling pleased ______ he was a man of action. A. which
B. that
C. what
D. whether 39. —______? — She’s our history teacher. A. What’s she
B. Where does the woman work C. Who is she
D. How is the woman 40. Today’s weather is ______ worse than yesterday’s. A. very B. much
C. very much
D. much too 41. It is said that ______ boys in your school like playing football in their spare time, though others prefer basketball. A. quite a lot B. quite a few C. quite a bit D. quite a little 42. — What’s his mother like? —______. A. She’s very happy
B. She’s at home
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C. She likes watching TV
D. She’s tall and thin 43. The new order means ______ overtime. A. works
B. worked
C. to work D. working 44. She has two best friends. ______ of them is in the country. A. All
B. Both
C. No one D. Neither 45. I was giving a talk to a large group of people, the same talk I ______ to half a dozen other groups before. A. was giving
B. am giving
C. had given D. have given 26-30 ABADA 31-35 CCDDC 36-40 DBBCB 41-45 BDDDC 第四部分：完形填空(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
Many students find the experience of attending university lectures to be a confusing and frustrating experience. The lecturer speaks for one or two hours, perhaps 46 the talk with slides, writing up important information on the blackboard, 47 reading material and giving out assignment. The new student sees the other students continuously writing on notebooks and 48 what to write. Very often the student leaves the lecture with notes which do not catch the main points and 49 become hard even for the students to understand. Most institutions provide courses which assist new students to develop the skills they need to be 50 listeners and not-takers. If these are unavailable, there are many useful study-skills guides which 51 learners to practice these skills independently. In all cases it is important to 52 the problem before actually starting your studies. It is important to acknowledge that most students have difficulty
53 acquiring the language skills required in college study. One way of 54 these difficulties is to attend the language and study-skills classes which most institutions provide throughout the academic year. Another basic strategy is to find a study partner 55 it is possible to identify difficulties, exchange ideas and provide support. 46. A. extending B. illustrating C. performing
D. conducting 47. A. attributing B. contributing C. distributing D. explaining 48. A. suspects B. understands C. wonders
D. convinces 49. A. what B. those
C. as
D. which 50. A. effective B. passive
C. relative
D. expressive 51. A. enable B. stimulate
C. advocate D. prevent 52. A. evaluate B. acquaint C. tackle
D. formulate 53. A. in
B. on
C. of
D. with 54. A preventing B. withstanding C. sustaining
D. overcoming
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55. A. in that B. for which
C. with whom
D. such as
46-50 BCCDA 51-55 ACADC 第五部分：英翻汉(满分15分)
56. Apples here like water and sunshine.
57. Tom was such a hardworking student that he soon came out first in the class. 58. Ted and William have lived under the same roof for five years. 59. You needn’t go there anymore. He already knows about it. 60. As is known to all, China is a developing country. 56. 这里的苹果喜欢水和阳光。
57. 汤姆是一个学习十分用功的学生，以至于不久他就成了班里学习最好的学生。 58. 泰德和威廉已经在同一个屋檐下生活了五年了。 59. 你不必去了，他已经知道那件事了。 60. 众所周知，中国是一个发展中国家。 第六部分：写作(满分15分)
要求在30分钟内，根据下面所给的题目和中文提纲用英语写出一篇不少于80词的短文。
Water and Life 1.随着工业化(industrialization)的推进，地球上的淡水(fresh water)越来越少。
2.生命没水就要消亡(disappear)，因此人类要珍惜(treasure)淡水。 3.我们如何节约用水。
Water and Life While we are enjoying the rich fruits of modern industrialization, we are losing something precious on this planet. Fresh water, among others, is dwindling down day by day, owing to the large-scale industrialization everywhere in the world. Just as sunshine is a necessity to life, so is fresh water. Without fresh water, our human society would come to a stop. As fresh water is such an important resource to the human society, we need to treasure it as we treasure our life, but how? First, our government should have a good plan for the use of fresh water and develop industries that consume less water. Second, waste water must be recycled. Finally everyone of us should do his bit to save water.
Test 3 第一部分：交际用语(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分) 1. —Could you help me with my physics, please? —____________ A. No, no way. B. No, I couldn’t
C. No, I can’t. D. Sorry I can’t. I have to go to a meeting right now. 2. —Could I speak to Don Watkins, please?
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—____________ A. I’m listening
B. Oh, how are you? C. Speaking, please.
D. I’m Don. 3. —Could I borrow your car for a few days? —____________ A. Yes, you may borrow. B. Yes, go on. C. Sure, here you are. Enjoy your journey. D. It doesn’t matter. 4. —Thank you for inviting me. —____________ A. I really had a happy time. B. Oh, it’s too late C. Thank you for coming D. Oh, so slowly? 5. —May I see your tickets, please? —____________ A. No, they are mine.
B. No, you can’t. C. Sure.
D. Yes, you can. 6. —Hello, may I talk to the director now? —____________ A. Sorry, he is busy at the moment. B. No, you can’t. C. Sorry, you can’t
D. I don’t know. 7. —I was worried about my maths, but Mr. Brown gave me an A. —____________ A. Don’t worry about it. B. Congratulations! That’s a difficult course. C. Mr. Brown is very good. D. Good luck to you! 8. —What can I do for you? —____________ A. I want a kilo of pears.
B. You can do in your own way. C. Thanks.
D. Excuse me. I’m busy. 9. —Excuse me, but can you tell me the way to the post office? —____________ A. Don’t ask that.
B. Sorry, I’m a stranger here. C. No, I can’t say that.
D. No, you’re driving too fast. 10. —Oh, sorry to bother you. —____________ A. That’s Okay.
B. No, you can’t. C. That’s good.
D. Oh, I don’t know. 1-5 DCCCC 6-10ABABA 第二部分：阅读理解(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)
Passage 1 Community service is an important component of education here at our university. We encourage all students to volunteer for at least one community activity before they graduate. A new community program called “One On One” helps elementary students who’ve fallen behind. Your education majors might be especially interested
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in it because it offers the opportunity to do some teaching, that is, tutoring in math and English. You’d have to volunteer two hours a week for one semester. You can choose to help a child with math, English, or both. Half-hour lessons are fine, so you could do a half hour of each subject two days a week. Professor Dodge will act as a mentor to the tutors — he’ll be available to help you with lesson plans or to offer suggestions for activities. He has office hours every Tuesday and Thursday afternoon. You can sign up for the program with him and begin the tutoring next week. I’m sure you’ll enjoy this community service „ and you’ll gain valuable experience at the same time. It looks good on your resume, too, showing that you’ve had experience with children and that you care about your community. If you’d like to sign up, or if you have any questions, stop by Professor Dodge’s office this week. (220 words) 11. What is the purpose of the talk? ____________ A. To explain a new requirement for graduation. B. To interest students in a new community program. C. To discuss the problems of elementary school students. D. To recruit elementary school teachers for a special program. 12. What is the purpose of the program that the speaker describes? ____________ A. To find jobs for graduating students. B. To help education majors prepare for final exams. C. To offer tutorials to elementary school students. D. To provide funding for a community service project. 13. What does Professor Dodge do? ____________ A. He advises students to participate in certain program. B. He teaches part-time in an elementary school. C. He observes elementary school students in the classroom. D. He helps students prepare their resumes. 14. What should students who are interested in the tutorials do? ____________ A. Contact the elementary school. B. Sign up for a special class. C. Submit a resume to the dean. D. Talk to Professor Dodge. 15. Whom do you think the speaker addresses? ____________ A. Faculty. B. Students. C. Residents D. Graduated students. 11-15 BCADB
Passage 2 When John and Victoria Falls arrived in New York City for one-year stay, they did not bring very many things with them. They had planned either to live in a furnished apartment or to buy used furniture. But they soon learned about a new system that more and more people are using. The renting of home furnishings (bed, tables, dishes, and so on) has become one of America’s fastest growing businesses.
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What kinds of people rent their home furnishings instead of buying them? People who are international business or government officials, foreign students, airline workers, young married couple – people whose job or business may force them to move frequently from one city to another. They save a lot of trouble and the cost of moving their furniture each time. They simply rent new furniture when they reach their new homes. Young people with little money do not want to buy cheap furniture that they may soon dislike. They prefer to wait until they have enough money to buy furniture that they really like. Meanwhile, they find they can rent better quality furniture than they could afford to buy. One family, who now have a large, beautiful home of their own, liked their rented furniture so much that they decided to keep renting it instead of buying new things. But usually people don’t like to tell others about it. The idea of renting home furnishings is still quite new, and they are not sure what their neighbors might think. (248words)
16. Which of the following has become one of America’s fastest growing businesses? ____________ A. Selling home furnishings.
B. Renting furnished apartments. C. Selling used furniture.
D. Renting home furnishings. 17. Why do some people prefer to rent furniture? ____________ A. Because the furniture they get in this way is new. B. Because it saves them a lot of money. C. Because it saves them much trouble and money. D. Because they can always get better quality furniture in this way. 18. What can you infer from the passage? ____________ A. The idea of renting furniture is not acceptable. B. Renting furniture is not popular in the couple’s home town. C. Only those who don’t have enough money to rent furniture. D. People usually grow to like the furniture they have rented. 19. Which of the following can best serve as the title of the passage? ____________ A. Rent or Buy?
B. A New Way of Getting Home Furnishings. C. Furnished Apartments. D. A New Idea. 20. Young people liked renting home furniture in that __________. A. They have less money B. They don’t want to buy old furniture C. The new furniture is of good quality D. They don’t have much money and don’t want to buy the cheap furniture 16-20 DCBBD
Passage 3 Paper is one of the most important products ever invented by man. Wide spread use of written language would not have been possible without some cheap and practical
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material to write on. The invention of paper meant that more people could be educated because more books could be printed and distributed. Together with the printing press, paper provided an extremely important way to communicate knowledge. How much paper do you use every year? Probably you cannot answer that question quickly. In 1990 the world’s use of paper was about one kilogram for each person a year. Now some countries use as much as 50 kilograms of paper for each person a year. Countries like the United States, England and Sweden use more paper than other countries. Paper, like many other things that we use today, was first made in China. In Egypt and the West, paper was not very commonly used before the year 1400. The Egyptians wrote on a kind of material made of a water plant. Europeans used parchment for many hundreds of year. Parchment was very strong; it was made from the skin of certain young animals. We have learnt of the most important facts of European history from records that were kept on parchment. (208words)
21. What’s the meaning for the word “parchment”? ____________ A. The skin of young animals. B. A kind of paper made from the skin of certain young animals. C. The paper used by European countries. D. The paper of Egypt. 22. Which of the following is not mentioned about the invention of paper? ____________ A. More jobs could be provided than before. B. More people could be educated than before. C. More books could be printed and distributed. D. More ways could be used to exchange knowledge. 23. When did the Egyptians begin to use paper widely? ____________ A. Around 1400. B. Around 1900. C. Around 400. D. Around 900. 24. Which of the following countries uses more paper for each person a year? ____________ A. China
B. Sweden
C. Egypt D. Japan 25. What is the main idea of this short talk? ____________ A. More and more paper is being consumed nowadays. B. Paper enables people to receive education more easily. C. The invention of paper is of great significance to man. D. Paper contributes a lot to the keeping of historical records. 21-25 BAABC 第三部分：词汇与结构(共20小题;每小题1分，满分20分)
26. When the railway is completed, we ______ get to town much easily. A. must B. would C. are able to D. will be able to 27. You ______ buy some reference books when you go to college. A. could B. will have to C. must to
D. might 28. He didn’t pass the final examination. He ______ it. A. must have prepared for
B. ought to prepare for
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C. ought to have prepared for
D. ought to prepare for 29. The atmosphere ______ certain gases mixed together in definite proportions. A. composes of B. is made up C. consists of D. makes up of 30. Neither John ______ his father was able to wake up early enough to catch the morning train. A. nor
B. or
C. but
D. and 31. You don’t mind ______ you Xiao Li, do you? A. call
B. to call
C. to calling D. my calling 32. The girl is ______ of a film star. A. somebody B. something C. anybody D. anyone 33. Charles regretted ______ the TV set last year. The price has now come down. A. buying
B. to buy
C. of
D. from 34. I have the complacent feeling ______ I’m highly intelligent. A. what
B. which
C. that
D. this 35. It was on the beach ______ Miss White found the kid lying dead. A. that
B. this
C. it
D. which 36. We all thought ______ pity that you were unable to attend our meeting. A. that
B. which
C. this
D. it 37. I had my meals ______ when I was ill in bed with a bad cold. A. to bring B. bring
C. brought
D. bringing 38. What a bad memory I’ve got! I even forgot ______ the book with me. A. took
B. taking
C. take D. taken 39. The dean of the Philosophy Department requested that the visiting scholar ______ a lecture on the philosopher Sartre. A. gave
B. give
C. would give D. had given 40. After the Minister of Education had finished speaking at the press conference, he was made ______ all sorts of awkward questions. A. answer
B. answering C. answered D. to answer 41. Jane’s dress is similar in design ______ her sister’s. A. like
B. with
C. to
D. as 42. I was satisfied with her explanation, ______. A. so my classmates were
B. so were my classmates C. so my classmates did
C. so did my classmates 43. The sports meeting was put off till the next week ______ rain. A. in spite of
B. so
C. because
D. because of 44. I will count three hundred and not one of you ______ move a bit. A. is to
B. are to
C. is
D. are 45. His salary as a driver is much higher than ______. A. a porter B. is a porter C. that of a porter D. as a porter 26-30 DBCCA 31-35 DBACA 36-40 DCBBD 41-45 CBDAC 第四部分：完形填空(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
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One day when Jamie came home after school, his mother had on her worry face. He knew she was thinking of 46 “It’s bad out there. Black clouds are coming from the sea,” Jamie said. “ Yes. I’m thinking of those fishing boats at sea,” she said. At that moment 47 went out. Jamie and his mother were in the dark. “The coastline will be in the dark,” Jamie’s mother said. She got more worried. 48 always come in threes. I broke my best glasses this morning, and my sister has the cold. “Now, don’t worry, mum. They’re right.” They’re 49 to come through this all right. But Jamie really worried about those fishing boats himself. The fishing boats would 50 the cove (海湾)in the dark. Jamie took flare and rushed into the wind. There was a cliff by the sea. He started to climb. He 51 himself up hand over hand. At last he reached the top. He 52 three times. On the fourth try he fired off one of the flares. It rose and cut into the black sky in bright light. Then he saw an answering flare up at sea. Jamie fired off two more. He saw another answering flare up, then another, then another. The answering flares from the fishing boats showed they 53 the entrance to the cove but then changed course and were 54 sailing into the cove. They were almost home. Jamie helped 55 the fishermen of the village. 46. A. the wind B. the clouds
C. the rain D. the weather 47. A. Jamie
B. his mother C. the fire D. the lights 48. A. Messages B. Accidents C. Troubles D.Q uestions 49. A. sure
B. lucky
C. safe
D. ready 50. A. lose
B. miss
C. leave
D. forget 51. A. pushed
B. pulled
C. carried
D. climbed 52. A. made B. tried
C. failed
D. finished 53. A. were at
B. had found C. had passed by D. were going into 54. A. now
B. then
C. once
D. again 55. A. answer
B. save
C. find out D. look for 46-50 DDCAB 51-55 BCCAB
第五部分：英翻汉(满分15分)
请在20分钟内把下列5句英文翻译成中文，把答案写在答题纸上。
56. A lot of natural resources in the mountain area are to be exploited and used. 57. In Foreign Languages Department, a checking machine is used to correct the students’ test papers. 58. The students are encouraged by their teacher to do more listening, reading and writing.
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59. The plan has been over fulfilled by now. 60. The most common samples of inorganic materials are the gases of the atmosphere, water, rocks, etc. 56. 那个山区有许多自然资源有待于开发利用。 57. 外语系用阅卷机给学生批卷。 58. 老师鼓励学生多听，多读，多写。 59. 目前，已经超额完成计划。
60. 大气中的气体、水、岩石等都是无机物中最普通的实例。 第六部分：写作(满分15分)
st
A Get-together on May 1
1.了解对方近日的情况。 2.你的近况并通知他(她);五一长假有一个同学聚会。 3.邀请对方参加。
st
A Get-together on May 1
April 15, 2007 Dear Wang Hong: How is everything getting along with you? It is almost one year since we graduated from university. I miss you very much. What have you been doing all these days? I have been a middle school teacher in my hometown since graduation. Teaching always keeps me busy, but I like my students and I love teaching, you know. So everything is fine here. There will be a former classmates’ getting together during this May Day holiday at my school. You are my best friend. I never forget those happy days we spent together. I hope you can come to my school when the time is due and you are free. I am looking forward to your reply.
Yours truly,
Li Hua
Test 4 第一部分：交际用语(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分) 1. — Please help yourself to the seafood — _______ A. No, I can’t.
B. Sorry, I can’t help.
D. Thanks, but I don’t like the C. Well, seafood don’t suit for. seafood. 2. — Can you go to the concert with us this evening? — _______ A. No, I already have plans. tonight.
B. I’d love to, but I’m busy 21 资料编辑由 学长特供 完成 可以百度“学长特供” 更多九月统考辅助
C. No, I really don’t like being with you. go out.
D. I’m ill, so I shouldn’t 3. — Congratulations! You won the first prize in today’s speech contest. — _______. A. Yes, I beat the others.
B. No, no I didn’t do it well. C. Thank you.
D. It’s a pleasure. 4. — Must I take a taxi? — No, you _______. You can take my car. A. had better to C. must not
B. don’t D. don’t have to 5. — We are going to have a singing party tonight. Would you like to join us? — _______ A. I’m afraid not, because I have to go to an important meeting. B. Of course not. I have no idea. C. No, I can’t. D. That’s all set. 6. — May I use your bike for a moment? — _______ A. It’s well.
B. It doesn’t matter. C. By all means. D. I have no idea. 7. — How do you do? Glad to meet you. — _______ A. Fine. How are you?
B. How do you do? Glad to meet you, too. D. Nice. How are you? C. How are you? Thank you! 8. — Hi, is Mary there, please? — _______ A. Hold on. I’ll get her. C. Yes, she lives here.
B. No, she isn’t here.
D. Yes, what do you want? 9. — Do you mind changing seats with me? — _______ A. Yes, you can.
B. Of course, I like to. D. Certainly, please do. C. No, I don’t mind. 10. — Shall we sit up here on the grass or down there near the water? — _______ A. I’d rather stay here if you don’t mind. B. Sorry, I don’t like neither. 22 资料编辑由 学长特供 完成 可以百度“学长特供” 更多九月统考辅助
C. Certainly, why not? 1-5: DBCDA
D. Yes, we like these two places. 6-10: CBACA 第二部分：阅读理解(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)
Passage1 Laws have been written to govern the use of American National Flag, and to ensure proper respect for the flag. Custom has also governed the common practice in regard to its use. All the armed services have precise regulations on how to display the national flag. This may vary somewhat from the general rules. The national flag should be raised and lowered by hand. Do not raise the flag while it is folded. Unfolded the flag first, and then hoist it quickly to the top of the flagpole. Lower it slowly and with dignity. Place no objects on or over the flag. Do not use the flag as part of a costume or athletic uniform. Do not print it upon cushions, handkerchief, paper napkins or boxes. A federal law provides that the trademark cannot be registered if it comprises the flag, or badgers of the US. When the flag is used to unveil a statue or monument, it shouldn’t serve as a covering of the object to be unveiled. If it is displayed on such occasions, do not allow the flag to the ground, but let it be carried high up in the air to form a feature of the ceremony. Take every precaution to prevent the flag from soiled. It should not be allowed to touch the ground or floor, nor to brush against objects. 11. How do Americans ensure proper respect for the national flag? A. By making laws.
B. By enforcing discipline. C. By educating the public. D. By holding ceremonies. 12. What is the regulation regarding the raising of the American National Flag? A. It should be raised by soldiers. hand.
B. It should be raised quickly by C. It should be raised only by Americans. D. It should be raised by mechanical means.
13. How should the American National Flag be displayed at an unveiling ceremony? A. It should be attached to the status.
B. It should be hung from the top of the monument. C. It should be spread over the object to be unveiled. D. It should be carried high up in the air. 14. What do we learn about the use of the American National Flag? A. There has been a lot of controversy over the use of flag. B. The best athletes can wear uniforms with the design of the flag. C. There are precise regulations and customs to be followed. D. Americans can print the flag on their cushions or handkerchiefs.
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15. What is Americans’ attitude towards their National Flag? A. Arbitrary . 11-15: ABDCB
B. Respect.
C. Happy.
D. Brave.
Passage 2 It has been reported that in colleges across the United States, the daytime serial drama known as the soap opera has suddenly become “in”. Between the hours of 11 a. m. and 4:30 p. m., college television lounges are filled with soap opera fans who can’t wait to see the next episode in the lives of their favorite characters. Actually, soaps are more than a college favorite; they’re a youth favorite. When school is out, high-school students are in front of their TV sets. One young working woman admitted that she turned down a higher paying job rather than give up watching her favorite serials. During the 1960’s, it was uncommon for young people to watch soap operas. The mood of the sixties was very different from now. It was a time of seriousness, and talk was about social issues of great importance. Now, seriousness has been replaced by fun. Young people want to be happy. It may seem strange that they should turn to soap opera, which is known for showing trouble in people’s lives. But soap opera is enjoyment. Young people can identify with the soap opera character, who, like the college-age viewer, is looking for happy love, and probably not finding it. And soap opera gives young people a chance to feel close to people without having to bear any responsibility for their problems. 16. What is soap opera? A. Plays based on science fiction stories. B. Plays based on non-fiction stories. C. The daytime serial dramas on TV. D. Popular documentary films on TV. 17. What can be the best title of the passage? A. College student viewers.
B. Favorite TV serials. C. Soap opera fans.
D. College-age viewers. 18. Which are not the reasons why the soap opera suddenly becomes “in” according to the passage? A. Because the viewers want to be happy and to enjoy themselves. B. Because the soap opera makes young people feel close to their people. C. Because the viewers can find themselves in the soap opera characters. D. Because the young people have to bear the responsibilities for their troubles. 19. What can learn from the passage? A. College students like soap operas more than any other social groups. B. Young people of sixties like soap operas more than people today. C. Young viewers have turned themselves from the seriousness of sixties to enjoyment now. D. The young as a whole are trying to look for happy love but in vain. 20. What message does the author want to convey to us? A. The people’s favorites to drama works have been changed for a long time. B. The people’s favorites to drama works change along with the times. C. The people’s favorites to drama works is changed by the soap opera.
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D. The people’s favorites have changed the drama works. 16-20: CCDCB
Passage 3 How men first learnt to invent words is unknown; in other words, the origin of language is a mystery. All we really know is that men, unlike animals, somehow invented certain sounds to express thought and feelings, actions and things, so that they could communicate with each other; and that later they agreed upon certain signs, called letters, which could be combined to present those sounds, and which could be written down. Those sounds, whether spoken or written in letters, we call words. The power of words, then, lies in their associations-the thing they bring up before our minds. Words become filled with meaning for us by experience; and the longer we live, the more certain words recall to us the glad and sad events of our past; and the more we read and learn, the more the number of words that mean something increases. Great writers are those who not only have great thoughts but also express these thoughts in words which appeal powerfully to our minds and emotions. This charming and telling use of words is what we call literary style. Above all, the real poet is a master of words. He can convey his meaning in words which sing like music and which by their position and association can move men to tears. We should therefore learn to choose our words carefully and use them accurately, or they will make our speech silly and vulgar. 21. The origin of language is _______. A. a legend handed down from the past B. a matter that is hidden or secret C. a question difficult to answer
D. a problem not yet solved 22. What is true about words? A. They are used to express feelings only. B. They can not be written down. C. They are simply sounds.
D. They are mysterious. 23. The real power of words lies in their _______. A. properties
B. characteristics
C. peculiarity
D. representative function 24. By “association”, the author means _______. A. a special quality
B. a joining of ideas in the mind C. an appearance which is puzzling D. a strange feature 25. Which of the following statements about the real poet is NOT true? A. He is no more than a master of words.
B. He can convey his ideas in words which sing like music. C. He can move men to tears.
D. His style is always charming. 21-25: DCDBA 第三部分：词汇与结构(共20小题;每小题1分，满分20分)
此部分共有20个未完成的句子，针对每个句子中未完成的部分有4个选项，请从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并用铅笔将答题卡上的相应字母涂黑。示例[A] [B] [C] [D]
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26. It’s time we _______ the lecture because everybody has arrived. A. will start B. shall start
C. start
D. started 27. _______ these honors he received a sum of money. A. Except
B. But
C. Besides
D. Outside 28. Would you let _______ to the park with my classmate, Mum? A. me go
B. me going C. I go
D. I going 29. The policeman gave the thief a blow in _______ stomach. A. his
B. /
C. the
D. that 30. I have been looking forward to _______ from my parents. A. hear
B. being heard
C. be heard D. hearing 31. A police officer claimed that the young man had attempted to _______ paying his fare. A. avoid B. reject
C. refuse
D. neglect 32. While I was in the university, I learned taking a photo, _______ is very useful now for me. A. it
B. which
C. that
D. what 33. This kind of material expands _______ the temperature increasing. A. to
B. for
C. with
D. at 34. People at the party worried about him, because no one was aware _______ he had gone. A. of where
B. of the place where C. where D. the place 35. A sudden noise of a fire-engine made him _______ to the door. A. hurrying
B. hurried
C. hurry
D. to hurry 36. I wish everybody _______ the meeting tomorrow. A. will attend B. would attend C. had attended D. is going to attend 37. You object _______, don’t you? A. that they come B. that they came C. to their come D. to their coming 38. _______ his examination of the patient, the doctor wrote out a prescription. A. Having finished B. Finishing
C. Finished D. Having been finished 39. Each person at the reunion was required to talk to other relatives to find out if they would buy one of the histories _______ it were printed. A. whether
B. if
C. when
D. after 40. Hardly _______ on stage _______ the audience started cheering. A. he had come / than
B. he had come / when
C. had he come / when
D. had he come / than 41. There was so much noise in the classroom that the teacher couldn’t make himself _______. A. heard
B. hearing
C. to hear
D. hear 42. It is the best _______ I have seen. A. that
B. who
C. whom D. which 43. The old lady is quarrelling with others as if she _______ mad. A. was
B. is
C. are
D. were
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44. My wallet is nowhere to be found. I _______ in the store. A. must drop it
B. must have dropped it C. should have dropped it
D. ought to have dropped it 45. I would rather _______ two weeks earlier. A. you should come here
B. you come here C. you came here
D. you had come here 26-30: DCACD 31-35: ABCAC 36-40: BDABC 41-45: AADBD 第四部分：完形填空(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
More and more teachers and parents have noticed another kind of pollution, 46 came from the printed papers sold on streets. These printed things look like newspaper but have hardly anything to do with them. You can only find reading materials badly 47 there-some are too strange for anyone to believe, 48 are frightening stories of something even worse. However, many of the young students are getting absorbed in such poisonous reading, which costs them what they should pay for their breakfast and bring them nightmares and immoral ideas 49 return. Homework is left undone, daily games lost. These sellers shout on streets selling their papers well. The writes, publishers and printers, 50 they are, we never know, are making their silent money. The sheep skinned wolf’s stories seem to have been forgotten once again. Why not forbid this kind of things at school? Yes, both teachers and parents have
51
each other for more strict control of the young readers. Yet unfortunately, 52 you want to forbid it, the more they want to have a look at it. Sometimes you may even find several children share one patched paper, which has traveled from one had to 53 driven by the curious nature. It really does harm to our society. It has already formed a sort of moral pollution. The 54 teachers and parents need more powerful support. Meanwhile, the young readers need more interesting books to help them 55 these ugly papers. 46. A. it
B. that
C. which
D. this pollution 47. A. made of
B. made up
C. made from
D. made in 48. A. the others B. others
C. the other
D. some others 49. A. as
B. in
C. for
D. from 50. A. however B. whoever
C. whichever
D. however 51. A. warned
B. advised
C. persuaded
D. asked 52. A. if
B. the more C. one
D. only when 53. A. the others B. some others
C. another
D. others 54. A. puzzled
B. disappointed C. anxious
D. worried 55. A. destroy
B. throw away C. fight against D. get rid of 46-50: CBBBB 51-55: DBCDD 第五部分：英翻汉(满分15分)
56. There is a large amount of energy wasted due to friction. 57. This place has plentiful material resources.
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58. Various substances differ widely in their magnetic characteristics. 59. Transistors are small in size and light in weight. 60. John and his brother differ in personality even if their differences in age are not significant. 56. 由于摩擦而损耗了大量的能量。 57. 这个地方有丰富的物质资源。 58. 各种材料的磁性有很大的不同。 59. 晶体管的体积小，重量轻。
60. 尽管约翰和他哥哥在年纪上相差不大，但他们的个性却不相同。 第六部分：写作(满分15分)
Help Me to Buy A Spoken English Book 1. 介绍你的近况。
2. 请他帮你买英语口语书。 3. 欢迎他方便时来访。
Oct. 16 2007 Dear Li Hua, It’s long time we haven’t seen each other. I miss you very much. How’s everything going on with you? I am busy preparing for PETS 4. I would appreciate if you could help me buy PETS English oral textbook which was issued by the Beijing Press, because the books were sold out here. Drop in when you are free. I often think of those happy days we spent together when we were at University. Please let me know as soon as possible once you get the book. My best wishes.
Yours truly,
Wang Lei
Test 5 第一部分：交际用语(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分) 1. — How was your trip to London, Jane? — _______ A. Oh, wonderful indeed.
B. I went there alone. C. The guide showed me the way.
D. By plane and by bus. 2. — Hey, Tom, what’s up? — _______ A. Yes, definitely!
B. Oh, not much. C. What is happening in you life? D. You are lucky. 3. — Do you mind my smoking here? — ______ A. No, thanks.
B. Yes, I do. C. Yes, I’d rather not.
D. Good idea. 4. — David injured his leg playing football yesterday.
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— Really? ______ A. Who did that?
B. What’s wrong with him? C. How did that happen?
D. Why was he so careless? 5. — This box is too heavy for me to carry upstairs. — _______ A. You may ask for help.
B. Let me give you a hand. C. Please do me a favor.
D. I’d come to help 6. — How are you feeling? — Much better. _______ A. Thanks for coming to see me.
B. You look great. C. You are so kind.
D. Don’t mention it. 7. — Oh, Betty, we will be having a buffet party next Saturday, and we’d like you to join us. — _______, Susan. What’s the occasion? What time do you want me to come? A. I’d love to
B. No way C. By no means
D. I’m afraid not 8. — Tomorrow is my birthday. — _______ A. Oh, I have no idea.
B. I’m glad you like it. C. Many happy returns of the day! D. You must be very happy. 9. — Could you be so kind as to turn down that rock “n” roll? I’m preparing for tomorrow’s exam. — _______ A. It’s none of your business.
B. What are you doing? C. Sure. Sorry to disturb you.
D. No, I don’t think so. 10. — Are you getting a new flat this year? — _______ I can’t afford to pay my bills, let alone buy a new flat. A. Without question.
B. You must be joking. C. Good idea!
D. Are you sure? 1-5: ABBCB 6-10: AACCB 第二部分：阅读理解(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)
Passage 1 Many people who work in London prefer to live outside it, and to go in to their offices or schools every day by train, car or bus, even though this means they have to get up early in the morning and reach home late in the evening. One advantage of living outside London is that houses are cheaper. Even a small flat in London without a garden costs quite a lot to rent. With the same money, one can get a little house in the country with a garden of one’s own. Then, in the country one can really get away from the noise and hurry of busy working lives. Even though one has to get up earlier and spend more time in trains or buses, one can sleep better at night and during weekends and on summer evenings, one can enjoy the fresh, clean air of the country. If one likes gardens, one can spend one’s free time digging, planting, watering and doing the hundred and one other jobs which are needed in a garden. Then, when the flowers and vegetables come
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up, one has got the reward together with those who have shared the secret of Nature. Some people, however, take no interest in country things: for them, happiness lies in the town, with its cinemas and theatres, beautiful shops and busy streets, dance-halls and restaurants. Such people would feel that their life was not worth living if they had to live it outside London. An occasional walk in one of the parks and a fortnight’s (two weeks) visit to the sea every summer is all the country they want: the rest they are quite prepared to leave to those who are glad to get away from London every night. 11. Which of the following statements is NOT true? A. People who love Nature prefer to live outside the city. B. All the people who work in London prefer to live in the country. C. Some people enjoying city life prefer to work and live inside London. D. Many nature lovers, though working in London, prefer to live outside the city. 12. With the same money needed for _______, one can buy a little house with a garden in the country. A. getting a small flat with a garden B. having a small flat with a garden C. renting a small flat without a garden D. buying a small flat without a garden 13. When the garden is in blossom, the one _______ has been rewarded. A. living in the country
B. having spent time working in the garden C. having a garden of his own D. having been digging, planting and watering 14. People who think happiness lies in the city life would feel that _______ if they had to live outside London. A. their life was meaningless
B. their life was invaluable C. they didn’t deserve a happy life
D. they were not worthy of their happy life 15. The underlined phrase get away from in the 3rd paragraph refers to _______. A. deal with B. do away with C. escape from D. prevent from 11-15: BCBAC
Passage 2 By definition, heroes and heroines are men and women distinguished by uncommon courage, achievements, and self-sacrifice made most for the benefits of others-they are people against whom we measure others. They are men and women recognized for shaping our nation’s consciousness and development as well as the lives of those who admire them. Yet, some people say that ours is an age where true heroes and heroines are hard to come by, where the very idea of heroism is something beyond us – an artifact of the past. Some maintain, that because the Cold War is over and because America is at peace, our age is essentially an unheroic one. Furthermore, the overall crime rate is down, poverty has been eased by a strong and growing economy, and advances continue to be made in medical science. Cultural icons are hard to define, but we know them when we see them. They are people who manage to go beyond celebrity(明星), who are legendary, who somehow manage to become mythic. But what makes some figures icons and others mere celebrities? That’s hard to answer. In part, their lives have the quality of a story
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to tell. For instance, the beautiful young Diana Spencer who at 19 married a prince, renounced marriage and the throne, and died at the moment she found true love. Good looks certainly help. So does a special indefinable charm, with the help of the media. But nothing confirms an icon more than a tragic death – such as Martin Luther King, Jr., John F. Kennedy, and Princess Diana. 16. The passage mainly deals with _______. A. life and death
B. heroes and heroines C. heroes and icons
D. icons and celebrities 17. Heroes and heroines are usually _______. A. courageous
B. good example to follow C. self-sacrificing
D. all of the above 18. Which of the following statements is wrong? A. Poverty in America has been eased with the economic growth. B. Superstars are famous for being famous. C. One’s look can contribute to being famous. D. Heroes and heroines can only emerge in war times. 19. Beautiful young Diana Spencer found her genuine love _______. A. when she was 19
B. when she became a princess C. just before her death
D. after she gave birth to a prince 20. What is more likely to set an icon’s status? A. Good looks.
B. Tragic and early death. C. Personal attraction.
D. The quality of one’s story. 16-20: CDDCB
Passage 3 Shyness is the cause of much unhappiness for a great many people. Shy people are anxious and self-conscious; that is, they are excessively concerned with their own appearance and actions. Worrisome thoughts are constantly occurring in their minds: what kind of impression am I making? Do they like me? Do I sound stupid? Am I wearing unattractive clothes? It is obvious that such uncomfortable feelings must negatively affect people. A person’s conception of himself or herself is reflected in the way he or she behaves, and they way a person behaves affects other people’s reactions. In general, the way people think about themselves has a profound effect on all areas of their lives. Shy people, having low self-esteem, are likely to be passive and easily influenced by others. They need reassurance that they are doing “the right thing.” Shy people are very sensitive to criticism; they feel it confirms their feelings of inferiority. They also find it difficult to be pleased by compliment with a statement like this one, “You’re just saying that to make me feel good. I know it’s not true.” It is clear that while self-awareness is a healthy quality, overdoing it is harmful. Can shyness be completely eliminated, or at least reduced? Fortunately, people can overcome shyness with determined and patient efforts in building self-confidence. Since shyness goes hand in hand with a lack of self-esteems, it is important for people to accept their weakness as well as their strengths.
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Each one of us is a unique, worthwhile individual, interested in our own personal ways. The better we understand ourselves, the easier it becomes to live up to our full potential. Let’s not allow shyness to block our chances for a rich and fulfilling life.
21. What does the author try to prove by citing “what kind of impression am I making?”
A. Shy people benefit from their caring about their appearance. B. People’s shyness made them care too much about their appearance and actions. C. It’s natural that shy people don’t believe other’s compliments. D. Shy people think they are different from others. 22. According to the writer, self-awareness is _______. A. a good quality
B. the cause of unhappiness C. harmful to people
D. a weak point of shy people 23. When being praised, shy people feel that it is _______. A. good
B. unreal
C. very reasonable D. harmful 24. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage? A. Shyness helps us to develop our potential. B. Shyness enables us to understand ourselves better. C. Shyness can block our chances for a rich life. D. Shyness has nothing to do with lack of self-esteem. 25. It can be inferred from the passage that shy people _______. A. should find more of their weakness
B. should understand themselves in the right way C. had better ignore their weakness
D. can get rid of their shyness while maintaining low self-esteem 21-25: BABCB 第三部分：词汇与结构(共20小题;每小题1分，满分20分) 26. The manager will not _______ us to use his car. A. have
B. let
C. agree
D. allow 27. _______ her and then try to copy what she does. A. Mind
B. See
C. Stare at D. Watch 28. Will you _______ me a favor, please? A. do
B. make
C. bring
D. give 29. It’s bad _______ for you to smoke in the public places where smoking is not allowed. A. behavior
B. action
C. manner D. movement 30. — It’s a good idea. But who’s going to _______ the plan? — I think John and Peter will. A. carry out
B. get through
C. take in D. set aside 31. Before the final examination, some students have shown _______ of tension. They even have trouble in sleeping. A. anxiety
B. marks
C. signs
D. remarks
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32. The problem is not _______ so easy as you think. It’s far from being settled. A. hardly B. almost
C. nearly
D. scarcely 33. — It’s time to tidy your room, Harry! — See the tidy room, Mum! _______ is where it should be. A. Something B. Anything C. Everything
D. Nothing 34. — What will you buy for your boyfriend’s birthday? — I want to buy a _______ wallet for him. A. black leather small
B. small black leather C. small leather black
D. black small leather 35. The young actor who had been thought highly of _______ to be a great disappointment. A. turned up B. turned out
C. turned down D. turned in 36. He is fond of playing _______ piano while his brother is interested in listening to _______ music. A. /; the B. /; /
C. the; /
D. the; the 37. — Don’t you feel surprised to see George at the meeting? — Yes. I really didn’t think he _______ here. A. has been B. had been C. would be D. would have been 38. Children under fifteen are not permitted to see such kind of movies _______ bad for their mental development. A. that is
B. which is C. as is
D. what are 39. — Nancy was badly injured in the accident yesterday and she was sent to hospital. — Oh, really? I _______. I _______ visit her. A. didn’t know; will go to
B. don’t know; will go to C. didn’t know; am going to
D. haven’t known; am going to 40. — Take this medicine twice a day, Peter? — Do I have to take it? It _______ so terrible. A. is tasting B. is tasted
C. tastes D. has tasted 41. The young _______ interested in pop music. A. is
B. have
C. has
D. are 42. Important _______ his discovery might be, it was regarded as a matter of no account in his time. A. when
B. until
C. as
D. although 43. — Why does he look sad? — There are so many problems _______. A. remaining to settle
B. remained settling C. remaining to be settled
D. remained to be settled 44. — The physics exam is not difficult, is it? — _______. Even Harry _______ to the top students failed in it. A. Yes; belongs B. No; belonged C. Yes; belonging D. No; belonging 45. _______ tomorrow’s lessons, Frank has no time to go out with his friends. A. Not preparing B. Not having prepared
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C. Not to prepare D. Being not prepared 26-30: DDAAA 31-35: CCCBB 36-40: CCCAC 41-45: DCCCB 第四部分：完形填空(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
It is always interesting to visit another country, especially for those who have never traveled a great deal. Foreign 46 can be very educational for anyone if he is interested enough to make preparations beforehand. Learning the language of the new country would be difficult for the traveler, 47 the benefits of such an effort would become obvious immediately 48 his arrival. It may not seem important to him when he comfortably stays at home, but knowing how to 49 a meal or book a room is necessary for the newcomer in a strange country. Without knowing the language, it is very difficult 50 the stranger to understand the people of the new country and their customs. Of course, in our small world it is often possible to find someone
51 understands our own, but this is only second-best for the traveler. To be sure, he can see places and things 52 the use of a language, but places and things 53 not the heart of any country. To get the greatest benefit from a trip 54 another country, it is how important for the visitor to 55 an understanding of the language. 46. A. travel
B. country
C. language D. people 47. A. when B. so
C. and
D. but 48. A. on
B. before
C. while
D. at 49. A. buy
B. order
C. eat
D. book 50. A. of
B. to
C. for
D. in 51. A. who
B. where
C. which
D. whom 52. A. without
B. with
C. by
D. that 53. A. is
B. are
C. were
D. had 54. A. of
B. in
C. to
D. on 55. A. has
B. having
C. had
D. have 46-50: ADABC 51-55: AABCD 第五部分：英翻汉(满分15分)
56. The more passions we have, the more happiness we are likely to experience. 57. Each time history repeats itself, the price goes up. 58. In an age of plenty, we feel spiritual hunger. 59. If you decided to learn a new language, you would have to dedicate yourself wholeheartedly to the cause. 60. Karsh was praised as a master portraitist, often working in black and white, influenced by great patient painters of the past. 56. 我们的激情越多，我们有可能体验到的快乐就越多。 57. 历史每重演一次，代价就增加(一分)。
58. 在这个物质财富充裕的时代，我们感到精神上的饥渴。 59. 如果你决定学一门新的语言，你必须全身心地投入。 60. 卡什被人们誉为人像大师，由于受到历史上一些著名画家的影响，他在拍摄中经常运用黑白摄影。
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第六部分：写作(满分15分)
Bad Manners in Public 1.列举人们在公共场所的不良现象。
2.对其中某一种现象陈述你的看法，并简单说明理由。
Although we consider ourselves as highly advanced being living in a civilized society, bad manners can still be found here and there. For example, some cyclists run the red traffic lights, many passengers litter waste papers and plastic bags in public places, and some tourists scrabble in tourists attractions, let alone spit on the street. In the cinema, some audience talk loudly on cell phones in front of others. I’m strongly against talking loudly in the cinema, for this behavior shows no respect at all to others; what’s worse, it upsets the audience who are in the mood of having fun.
Test 6 第一部分：交际用语(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分) 1. — I wonder if I could use your computer tonight? — _______ I’m not using it right now. A. Sure, go ahead.
B. I don’t know. C. It doesn’t matter.
D. Who cares? 2. — Excuse me, could you show me the way to the nearest post office? — _______ Oh yes! Two blocks away from here at the Green Avenue. You can’t miss it. A. I beg your pardon?
B. What do you mean? C. You’re welcome.
D. Mm, let me think. 3. — Wow! This is a marvelous room! I’ve never known you’re so artistic. — _______ A. Great, I am very art-conscious.
B. Don’t mention it. C. Thanks for your compliments.
D. It’s fine. 4. — Is it possible for you to work late tonight? — _______ A. I like it.
B. I’ll do that. C. I’d love to.
D. I think so. 5. — Unbelievable! I have failed the driving test again! — _______ This is not the end of the world. A. Good luck.
B. Cheer up. C. Go ahead.
D. No problem. 6. — Would you like another slice of Christmas cake? — _______ I’m full. A. Yes, please.
B. No more, thanks. C. Why not?
D. Nothing more. 7. — Susan is absent from today’s class. — _______ As far as I know, she has never missed a class.
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A. How come?
B. So what? C. Why?
D. What for? 8. — If you like I can mail this letter for you. — _______. A. That’s very kind of you
B. You are so kind C. Please give me a hand
D. You are great 9. — I’m terribly sorry that I’ve spilled some coffee on the carpet. — _______ A. Sorry.
B. It doesn’t matter. C. That’s right.
D. Don’t mention it. 10. — Doctor, I don’t feel well. — _______ A. You are fine.
B. It doesn’t matter. C. What’s the matter?
D. Don’t take it seriously. 1-5: ADCDB 6-10: BAABC 第二部分：阅读理解(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)
Passage 1 Places to stay in Britain are as varied as the places you visit. Whatever your budget is the choice — from basic barn to small hotel, from tiny cottage to grand castle — is all part of fun.
Hostels Cheap, good-value hostels are aimed at all types of like-minded travelers, who prefer value over luxury and you don’t have to be young or single to use them. Britain’s independent hostels and backpackers hostels also offer a great welcome. Facilities and prices vary, especially in rural areas, where some hostels are a little more than a bunkhouse(临时住房)while others are remarkably comfortable — almost like bargain hotels.
Youth Hotels Founded many years ago to “help all, especially young people of limited means, to a greater knowledge, love and care of the countryside”, the Youth Hotels
stAssociation is still going strong in the 21 century. The network of 230 hotels is a perfect gateway for exploring Britain’s towns and countryside.
B&Bs The B&Bs (bed and breakfasts) is a great British institution. In essence you get a room in somebody’s house, and small B&Bs house, and small B&Bs may only have one guest room, so you’ll really feel like part of the family. Larger B&Bs may have four or five rooms and more facilities, but just as warm as a welcome. In country areas your B&Bs might be in a village or an isolated farm surrounded by fields. Prices reflect facilities: and usually run from around ￡12 to ￡ 20 per person. City B&Bs charge about ￡25 to ￡ 30 per person, although they’re often cheaper as you go further out to the suburbs.
Pubs & Inns As well as selling drinks and meals, Britain’s pubs and inns sometimes offer B&Bs, particularly in country areas. Staying a night or two can be great fun and
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puts you at the heart of local community. Rates range from around ￡15 to ￡ 25 per person. Pubs are more likely to have single rooms.
11. In this passage the author mainly _______. A. tells us where to stay while visiting Britain B. advises readers to pay a visit to Britain C. introduces the wonderful public services in Britain D. gives us some information about British life 12. _______ are mainly built for young visitors. A. Pubs & Inns B. Youth Hotels C. Hostels
D. B&Bs 13. If you travel alone and want to know better family life in Britain, you’d better stay in _______. A. Pubs & Inns B. Youth Hotels C. Hostels
D. B&Bs 14. If you are interested in traveling with your friends but only with limited means, where is the better place for you to stay? A. Pubs & Inns B. Youth Hotels C. Hostels
D. B&Bs 15. Which of the following is NOT true according to the last part of the passage? A. Pubs and inns usually provide visitors bed and breakfast. B. All pubs and inns offer visitors bed and breakfast. C. Pubs and inns charge a visitor ￡ 25 at the most. D. If you want a single room, you are more likely to get one in pubs. 11-15: ABDCB
Passage 2 What makes a person a scientist? Does he have ways or tools of learning that are different from those of others? The answer is “no”. It is not the tools a scientist uses but how he uses these tools that make him a scientist. You will probably agree that knowing how to use a power is important to a carpenter. You will probably agree, too, that knowing how to investigate, how to discover information, is important to everyone. The scientist, however, goes one step further, he must be sure that he has a reasonable answer to his questions and that his answer can be confirmed by other persons. He also works to fit the answer he gets to many questions into a large set of ideas about how the world works. The scientist’s knowledge must be exact. There is no room for half right or right just half the time. He must be as nearly right as the conditions permit. What works under one set of conditions at one time must work under the same conditions at other times. If the conditions are different, any changes the scientist observes in a demonstration must be explained by the changes in the conditions. This is one reason that investigations are important in science. Albert Einstein, who developed the theory of relativity, arrived at this theory through mathematics. The accuracy of this mathematics was later tested through investigations, Einstein’s ideas were shown to be correct. A scientist uses many tools for measurements. Then the measurements are used to make mathematical calculations that may test his investigations.
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16. What makes a scientist according to the passage? A. The tools he uses.
B. The way he uses his tools. C. His way of learning.
D. The various tools he uses. 17. “The scientist, however, goes one step further„”. The author says this to show _______. A. the importance of information
B. the importance of thinking C. the difference between scientists and ordinary people D. the difference between carpenters and people with other jobs 18. A sound scientific theory should be one that _______. A. works not only under one set of conditions at one time, but also under the same conditions at other times B. does not allow any changes even under different conditions C. can be used for many purposes D. leave no room for improvement 19. The author quotes the case of Albert Einstein to illustrate _______. A. that measurements are keys to success in science B. that accuracy of mathematics C. that the investigations are important in science D. that the mathematical calculations may test his investigations 20. What is the main idea of the passage? A. The theory of relativity.
B. Exactness is the core of science. C. Scientists are different from ordinary people. D. Exactness and ways of using tools are the keys to the making of a scientist. 16-20: BCACD
Passage 3 A characteristic of American culture that has become almost a tradition is to respect the self-made man — the man who has risen to the top through his own efforts, usually beginning by working with his hands. While the leader in business or industry or the college professor occupies a higher social position and commands greater respect in the community than the common laborer or even the skilled factory worker, he may take pains to point out that his father started life in America as a farmer or laborer of some sort. This attitude toward manual(体力的)labor is now still seen many aspects of American life. One is invited to dinner at a home that is not only comfortably but even luxuriously(豪华地)furnished and in which there is every evidence of the fact the family has been able to afford foreign travel, expensive hobbies, and college education for the children; yet the hostess probably will cook the dinner herself, will serve it herself and will wash dishes afterward, furthermore the dinner will not consist merely of something quickly and easily assembled from contents of various cans and a cake or a pie bought at the nearby bakery. On the contrary, the hostess usually takes pride in careful preparation of special dishes. A professional may talk about washing the car, digging in his flowerbeds, painting the house. His wife
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may even help with these things, just as he often helps her with the dishwashing. The son who is away at college may wait on table and wash dishes for his living, or during the summer he may work with a construction gang on a highway in order to pay for his education. 21. From paragraph 1, we know that in America _______. A. people tend to have a high opinion of the self-made man B. people can always rise to the top through their own efforts C. college professors win great respect from common workers D. people feel painful to mention their fathers as labors 22. According to the passage, the hostess cooks dinner herself mainly because _______. A. servants in American are hard to get
B. she takes pride in what she can do herself C. she can hardly afford servants
D. It is easy to prepare a meal with canned food 23. The expression “wait on table” in the second paragraph means “_______”. A. work in a furniture shop
B. keep accounts for a bar C. wait to lay the table
D. serve customers in a restaurant 24. The author’s attitude towards manual(体力的)labor is _______. A. positive
B. negative C. humorous D. critical 25. Which of the following may serve as the best title of the passage? A. A Respectable Self-made Family.
B. American Attitude toward Manual Labor. C. Characteristics of American Culture.
D. The Development of Manual Labor. 21-25: ABDAB 第三部分：词汇与结构(共20小题;每小题1分，满分20分)
26. Two days is not enough for him to finish the work. He needs _______ day. A. other
B. the other
C. the third
D. a third 27. The red flower goes from one to _______ in the class. A. the other
B. others C. another
D. other 28. The computer system _______ suddenly while he was searching for information on the Internet. A. broke down B. broke out
C. broke up D. broke in 29. There’s lots of fruit _______ the tree. Our little cat is also in the tree. A. in
B. at
C. under
D. on 30. How can he _______ if he is not _______? A. listen; hearing
B. hear; listening
C. be listening; heard
D. be hearing; listened to 31. In _______, the northerners have a particular liking for dumplings while the southerners are fond of rice. A. common B. total
C. general
D. particular 32. _______ no need _______ the radio as I’m used to studying with it on. A. It’s; to turn down
B. It’s; turning up
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C. There’s; to turn off
D. There’s; turning off 33. How much has the company _______ this year? A. brought in B. brought down C. brought out D. brought out 34. The old houses are being pulled down to _______ a new office block. A. make room for B. make use of C. take the place of D. supply with 35. The Chinese women volleyball players _______ both in and out of China. A. are thought good of
B. are highly thought of C. are well thought
D. are ill thought of 36. Would you like something _______? A. drink
B. to drink C. drinking D. for drinking 37. The wild flowers looked like a soft orange blanket _______ the desert. A. covering
B. covered
C. cover
D. to cover 38. _______ is the population of Paris? A. How many B. How much C. How
D. What 39. As the busiest woman there, she made _______ her duty to look after all the other people’s affairs in that town. A. this
B. that
C. one
D. it 40. It was getting _______, he had to stop to have a rest. A. very darker
B. dark and dark
C. darker and darker D. darkest and darkest 41. This overcoat cost _______. What’s more, they are _______ small for me. A. very much; very B. too much; much too C. much too; too much D. very much; too much 42. The film brought the hours back to me _______ I was taken good care of in that remote village. A. when
B. where
C. that
D. until 43. — Did the medicine make you feel better? — No. The more _______, _______ I feel. A. medicine I take; and the worse B. medicine I take; the worse C. I take medicine; the worse
D. I take medicine; worse 44. It is not until you have lost your health _______ you know its value. A. until
B. when
C. what
D. that 45. It’s high time that he settled down in the country and _______ a new life. A. start
B. started
C. starting D. to start 26-30: DCADB 31-35: CDAAB 36-40: BADDC 41-45: BABDB 第四部分：完形填空(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
Did you sleep well last night? Maybe many people will answer: No. In fact, in the world about one in three people do not have good sleep. 46 you say you do not have good sleep, it means waking early and not getting back to sleep, often interrupted short period of sleep, or hours of wakefulness. You 47 get tired, worried, and anxious. Your memory and ability to remember things will be 48 . Then what should you do when you have the trouble? Do not worry about it too much. First, let’s see whether you can sleep yourself. The ways are as follows:
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First, 49 that your bedroom isn’t too cold or too hot. Keep it dark and quiet. Second, check your lifestyle: Do not drink tea, coffee, cola or chocolate four hours before 50 . Drink less liquid so that you can have no or fewer visits to the toilet. Set your body clock well by getting up and going to bed at the fixed time every day. You 51 take any daytime naps. Develop a relaxing bedtime habit. Read or 52 music, then take a warm bath. If you really can not sleep, try some bread, rice 53 milk. They will help you fall asleep. Go for a daily walk. Natural light help you to put your body clock into correct habit, 54 do exercise outdoors if you can. Forget the worries of the day. Write down any worries, thoughts or questions before you go to bed. With these written down, you will have 55 to think about and your sleep will become easier. 46. A. When B. In case
C. If
D. As 47. A. might
B. may
C. must
D. should 48. A. affected B. damaged C. destroyed D. endangered 49. A. determined B. make sure C. watch out D. look into 50. A. sleeping B. going to sleep C. going to bed D.falling asleep 51. A. won’t
B. wouldn’t better C. had better D. had better not 52. A. listen to
B. listen
C. hear D. see 53. A. and
B. or
C. with
D. on 54. A. neither
B. but
C. so
D. however 55. A. harder
B. fewer
C. more D. less 46-50: CBABC 51-55: DABCD 第五部分：英翻汉(满分15分)
56. In no other country in the world can you find such plants as this one. 57. I was having a nap when suddenly the telephone rang. 58. All that glitters is not gold. 59. He told me that he had lived in America for ten years before he came to China. 60. All things are difficult before they are easy. 56. 像这种植物在世界上的其他任何一个国家中都找不到。 57. 我在睡觉时，电话铃突然响了。 58. 闪光的东西，未必都是金子。
59. 他告诉我：在来中国前他在美国已生活十年了。 60. 凡事总是由难到易。
第六部分：写作(满分15分)
My Opinion on Cell Phones 1. 使用手机的好处。 2. 使用手机的弊端。 3. 我的看法。
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Cell phones do play an important role in people’s daily life, but every coin has its two sides. To start with, as a wireless mobile phone, it’s convenient for the user at any time to contact others. Secondly, it’s helpful companion. With a multifunctional cell phone in hand, one can easily surf the net, downloading what he needs. However, the cell phone has many disadvantages. For one thing, the machine itself is very expensive and its local service is very costly, not to mention its global service. For another, the radiation from the mobile phones might do harm to the user’s heath. In my opinion, with its expenses being reduced sharply after China’s entry into the WTO, its development will have a brighter future. Therefore its advantages will far outweigh its disadvantages.
42
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课程总成绩
=
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+
终结性考试×50%
形考作业一
一、单项选择题（每题0.5分，共10分）
题目1
1.
道德规范是一种(
)。
选择一项：
A.
强制性规范
B.
外化性规范
C.
法律性规范
D.
非制度化规范
题目2
2.
道德精神是一种特殊的(
)。
选择一项：
A.
科学精神
B.
艺术精神
C.
宗教精神
D.
实践精神
题目3
3.
道德的教育功能不可能(
)。
选择一项：
A.
造成社会舆论
B.
培养人的道德意识
C.
替代自身的道德修养
D.
提高人们的道德境界
题目4
4.
在下列各项中，属于道德意识现象的是(
)。
选择一项：
A.
道德教育
B.
道德行为
C.
道德信念
D.
道德修养
题目5
5.
在下列各项中，属于道德活动现象的是(
)。
选择一项：
A.
道德情感
B.
道德意志
C.
道德戒律
D.
道德修养
题目6
6.
在下列各项中，属于道德规范现象的是(
)。
选择一项：
A.
道德认识
B.
道德誓言
C.
道德评价
D.
道德理想
题目7
7.
在下列各项中，集中体现道德意识和道德活动统一的是(
)。
选择一项：
A.
道德规范
B.
道德精神
C.
道德发展
D.
道德类型
题目8
8.“人命之重，贵于千金，一方济之，德逾于此。”这句名言出自(
)。
选择一项：
A.
扁鹊
B.
李时珍
C.
孙思邈
D.
董奉
题目9
9.“„„无论至于何处，遇男或女，贵人及奴婢，我之唯一目的，为病家谋幸福，并检点吾身，不做各种害人及恶劣行为„„”此语出自(
)
选择一项：
A.
孙思邈
B.
南丁格尔
C.
张仲景
D.
《希波克拉底誓言》
题目10
10.为穷人治病不取酬的事迹“杏林春暖”的典故是称颂医学家(
)。
选择一项：
A.
庞安
B.
李时珍
C.
董奉
D.
孙思邈
题目11
11.西方医学的奠基人是(
)。
选择一项：
A.
希波克拉底
B.
南丁格尔
C.
白求恩
D.
盖伦
题目12
12.南丁格尔是(
)人。
选择一项：
A.
美国
B.
意大利
C.
德国
D.
英国
题目13
13.
提出“博极医源，精勤不倦”的是(
)。
选择一项：
A.
董奉
B.
张仲景
C.
华佗
D.
孙思邈
题目14
14.
最早构建较完整美德论体系的是(
)。
选择一项：
A.
苏格拉底
B.
柏拉图
C.
亚里士多德
D.
希波克拉底
题目15
15.
在下列各项中，不属于护理道德品质特点的是(
)。
选择一项：
A.
共性与个性的统一
B.
稳定性与变动性的统一
C.
阶级性与全民性的统一
D.
相关性与连贯性的统一
题目16
16.
规则义务论的典型代表是(
)。
选择一项：
A.
罗斯
B.
康德
C.
边沁
D.
普查理德
题目17
17.
构成护理道德品质的要素是：(
)
选择一项：
A.
护理道德情感
B.
护理道德理想
C.
护理道德境界
D.
护理道德水平
题目18
18.
在护理伦理学的理论基础中，最早产生的是()。
选择一项：
A.
美德论
B.
义务论
C.
效果论
D.
关怀论
题目19
19.护理伦理学的核心内容是：(
)
选择一项：
A.
义务论
B.
功利论
C.
美德论
D.
价值论
题目20
20.公益思想属于：(
)
选择一项：
A.
美德论的范畴
B.
义务论的范畴
C.
效果论的范畴
D.
动机论的范畴
二、多项选择题（每题1分，共10分）
题目21
1.道德意识的构成包括：(
)
选择一项或多项：
A.
道德规范意识
B.
道德思想意识
C.
道德行为选择
D.
道德评价
题目22
2.一般来说，护士经常面临的伦理问题有：(
)
选择一项或多项：
A.
如何建立融洽的护患关系
B.
如何保护病人的自主权
C.
是否答应患者实施安乐死的请求
D.
如何与其他医护人员打交道
题目23
3.护理伦理学的学习方法包括：(
)
选择一项或多项：
A.
系统的方法
B.
比较的方法
C.
逻辑分析的方法
D.
案例分析方法
题目24
4.护理伦理学是：(
)
选择一项或多项：
A.
研究护理道德的
B.
护理与伦理的交叉
C.
应用规范伦理学
D.
规范伦理学
题目25
5.伦理学的类型包括：(
)
选择一项或多项：
A.
描述伦理学
B.
元理论学
C.
理论伦理学
D.
规范伦理学
题目26
6.护理伦理学的研究内容包括：(
)
选择一项或多项：
A.
护理伦理学的基本理论
B.
护理道德的规范体系
C.
护理道德的基本实践
D.
护理伦理学与护理学的关系
题目27
7.中国古代优秀的传统医护伦理道德有：(
)
选择一项或多项：
A.
济世救人，仁爱为怀
B.
普同一等，尽职尽责
C.
精勤不倦，博极医源
D.
廉洁正直，不为名利
题目28
8.下列与毛泽东同志有关的是：(
)
选择一项或多项：
A.
翻译《看护者教程》
B.
撰写《纪念白求恩》
C.
题词“尊重护士，爱护护士”
D.
题词“护士工作有很大的政治性”
题目29
9.下面关于当代护理伦理学展望的说法，正确的是：(
)
选择一项或多项：
A.
护理学的快速发展对护理伦理学教学提出了更高要求
B.
避免医学高技术的应用出现的医患关系“物化”趋势
C.
生命伦理学的诞生将有利于护理伦理难题的解决
D.
医院伦理委员会的兴起将发挥护士更重要的作用
题目30
10.
人道主义的基本内涵有：(
)
选择一项或多项：
A.
一切价值均以人为中心
B.
肯定人的“自由”、“平等”的权利
C.
肯定人的价值与尊严
D.
重视与促进人的自由自觉的全面发展
形考作业二
一、单项选择题（每题0.5分，共10分）
题目1
1.下列属于道德基本范畴的是(
)。
选择一项：
A.
忠厚与宽容
B.
用心与执着
C.
权利与义务
D.
胆识与气度
题目2
2.下列道德规范对护士的行为可以起到评价和激励作用的是(
)。
选择一项：
A.
良心
B.
权利
C.
审慎
D.
荣誉
题目3
3.道德的基本问题应当是(
)。
选择一项：
A.
利益问题
B.
人际关系问题
C.
政治问题
D.
法律问题
题目4
4.护理伦理学的基本原则来源于(
)。
选择一项：
A.
医学伦理学
B.
医学职业道德
C.
生命伦理学
D.
国外的伦理学观点
题目5
5.
医学和护理实践中对尊重原则最直接的体现是(
)。
选择一项：
A.
平等与公正
B.
知情同意
C.
甘于奉献
D.
患者利益至上
题目6
6.关于不伤害原则，错误的是(
)。
选择一项：
A.
是相对的不伤害
B.
所指的对象不包括患者家人
C.
伤害包括身体、心理或精神方面
D.
在护理实践中的任何环节都不要造成伤害
题目7
7.
自主原则的三个基本要素不包括(
)。
选择一项：
A.
患者必须具有自主能力
B.
患者的自主以不伤害为准则
C.
患者有根据自己决定实际行动的权利
D.
尊重他人的个人自主
题目8
8.下列关于不伤害原则的双重效应，错误的是(
)。
选择一项：
A.
有意
B.
间接
C.
可预见
D.
非主观
题目9
9.
公正原则对护士的要求不包括(
)。
选择一项：
A.
公正地分配卫生资源
B.
公正地为医患做决策
C.
公正地对待每一个患者
D.
公正地解决护理纠纷
题目10
10.在下列各项中，不能够调动护士积极参与管理的是(
)。
选择一项：
A.
管理者发挥自己权力的影响，做到令行禁止
B.
管理者不允许护士产生逆反心理
C.
管理者的作风要民主、平易近人
D.
管理者在工作、道德上要身体力行
题目11
11.
在护理领导者的素质中，从事管理的关键、核心条件是(
)。
选择一项：
A.
政治素质
B.
科学文化素质
C.
道德素质
D.
身心素质
题目12
12.
护理领导者的道德素质在管理中的作用不包括(
)。
选择一项：
A.
示范作用
B.
识聚作用
C.
感召作用
D.
威慑作用
题目13
13.
护理道德教育的根本目的和最终环节是通过教育，对护士导之以行，并(
)。
选择一项：
A.
提高护理道德认识
B.
培养护理道德情感
C.
锻炼护理道德意志
D.
形成道德习惯
题目14
14.
利于护士加强护理道德修养，达到“慎独”境界的是(
)。
选择一项：
A.
培养“慎独”精神必须打消一切侥幸、省事的念头
B.
提高护理道德认识水平
C.
经常学习护理道德规范
D.
在临床实践中感悟
题目15
15.
在护理行为缺陷中，与护士道德责任最有直接、明显关系的是(
)。
选择一项：
A.
意外性缺陷
B.
技术性缺陷
C.
责任性缺陷
D.
预见性缺陷
题目16
16.
护士行为动机与效果统一的基础是(
)。
选择一项：
A.
护理理论
B.
护理实践
C.
护理手段
D.
护理方式
题目17
17.
以下属于护理道德活动范畴的是(
)。
选择一项：
A.
护理道德规范
B.
护理道德评价
C.
护理道德难题
D.
护理道德理论
题目18
18.
护理道德评价的依据是(
)。
选择一项：
A.
动机与效果
B.
经济效益与社会效益
C.
服务态度与服务质量
D.
认知与情感
题目19
19.
护理道德评价是道德的评价善与恶标准在护理活动中的具体化，基本标准主要有(
)。
选择一项：
A.
效率
B.
效益
C.
态度
D.
有利
题目20
20.
下列不属于护理道德教育方法的是(
)。
选择一项：
A.
以理导人
B.
以情动人
C.
以形感人
D.
以公服人
二、多项选择题（每题1分，共10分）
题目21
1.患者道德权利的基本内容包括：(
)
选择一项或多项：
A.
生命健康权
B.
隐私保护权
C.
平等的医疗权
D.
免除社会责任权利
题目22
2.护士的道德义务包括：(
)
选择一项或多项：
A.
为患者解除痛苦的义务
B.
知情告知的义务
C.
尊重患者自主决定的义务
D.
发展护理科学的义务
题目23
3.护理伦理学的基本原则包括：(
)
选择一项或多项：
A.
尊重原则
B.
有利原则
C.
公正原则
D.
不伤害原则
题目24
4.下列关于护理管理的描述，正确的是：(
)
选择一项或多项：
A.
系统性与层次性
B.
广泛性与协调性
C.
紧迫性与时间性
D.
复杂性与严格性
题目25
5.下列哪些是护理领导者需要具备的素质：(
)
选择一项或多项：
A.
身体素质
B.
心理素质
C.
道德素质
D.
政治素质
题目26
6.护理伦理教育的特点是：(
)
选择一项或多项：
A.
专业性和综合性
B.
同时性和层次性
C.
长期性和渐进性
D.
实践性和针对性
题目27
7.护理道德教育的特点包括：(
)
选择一项或多项：
A.
理论性与实践性
B.
同时性与选择性
C.
长期性与渐进性
D.
周期性与协作性
题目28
8.提高护理道德修养的途径和方法包括：(
)
选择一项或多项：
A.
在护理实践中加强护理道德修养
B.
全心全意为人民服务
C.
自觉地坚持两种护理道德观的斗争
D.
持之以恒，努力达到“慎独”境界
题目29
9.护理道德评价具有哪些作用：(
)
选择一项或多项：
A.
评价作用
B.
教育作用
C.
调节作用
D.
导向作用
题目30
10.道德评价的方式有：(
)
选择一项或多项：
A.
社会舆论
B.
组织鉴定
C.
传统习俗
D.
内心信念
形考作业三
一、单项选择题（每题0.5分，共10分）
题目1
1.关于患者隐私保护权，错误的是：(
)
选择一项：
A.
有权对接受检查的环境要求具有合理的声、像方面的隐蔽性
B.
有权要求其病案只能由直接涉及其治疗的人阅读
C.
在进行会诊时，不可要求不让不涉及其医疗的人参加
D.
由异性医务人员进行体检治疗时，有权要求护士在场
题目2
2.
医学和护理实践中对尊重原则最直接的体现是：(
)
选择一项：
A.
平等与公正
B.
知情同意
C.
甘于奉献
D.
患者利益至上
题目3
3.在护患的相互交流中，护士尽量不使用(
)语言。
选择一项：
A.
礼貌性
B.
解释性
C.
专业性
D.
安慰性
题目4
4.当代医护关系应是(
)。
选择一项：
A.
主从关系
B.
交流-主从关系
C.
并列关系
D.
并列-互补关系
题目5
5.护患双方的非技术关系都是(
)。
选择一项：
A.
指导关系
B.
主从关系
C.
双向关系
D.
单向关系
题目6
6.在责任制护理及系统化整体护理中，护士承担的责任不变，其重要的道德条件是(
)。
选择一项：
A.
乐于传授，扎根临床
B.
独立思考，主动护理
C.
承担责任，高度自觉
D.
保证安全，环境温馨
题目7
7.
护理人员学习心理学及相关知识，不断提高心理护理的专业技术水平，符合(
)的需要。
选择一项：
A.
完善自我，服务患者
B.
独立思考，主动护理
C.
刻苦钻研，不断进取
D.
提高认识，默默奉献
题目8
8.帮助患者适应医院环境，改变不良习惯，树立战胜疾病信心，护理人员进行心理护理的基础是(
)。
选择一项：
A.
团结协作，互相监督
B.
换位思考，理解患者
C.
悉心护理，耐心指导
D.
热爱护理，乐于奉献
题目9
9.为防止长期患病、疗效不明显的危重老年患者发生意外，应作为工作重点的是(
)。
选择一项：
A.
关心、帮助老年患者
B.
保护安全，严格管理
C.
敏锐观察，细心谨慎
D.
注重心理护理
题目10
10.对胎儿的监测要细致认真，记录清楚;在观察待产妇产程时记录要详细、客观、及时、准确;接生时要尽量保持会阴完整;是妇产科护理伦理中的(
)具体体现。
选择一项：
A.
作风严谨，精益求精
B.
敏捷果断，敢当风险
C.
敏锐观察，细心谨慎
D.
悉心护理，耐心指导
题目11
11.
妇产科患者常常会有因病情急剧变化而危及生命，当情况紧迫时护理人员要(
)积极采取措施，以确保母婴安全和家庭幸福。
选择一项：
A.
保护安全，严格管理
B.
敏捷果断，敢当风险
C.
敏锐观察，细心谨慎
D.
作风严谨，精益求精
题目12
12.
疾病迁延不愈、疗效不明显的危重老年患者，由于身心疲惫、悲观失望，会造成自暴自弃甚至厌世的不良情绪，护理人员应将护理伦理中的(
)作为工作重点，防止发生轻生的念头或意外。
选择一项：
A.
关心、帮助老年患者
B.
保护安全，严格管理
C.
敏锐观察，细心谨慎
D.
注重心理护理
题目13
13.
门诊护理人员要充分理解患者期望较早解除病痛的心理需要，减少人多拥挤、环境嘈杂造成的心理负担，应做到的护理伦理要求为(
)。
选择一项：
A.
一视同仁，尊重患者
B.
尊重患者，保护隐私
C.
悉心护理，耐心指导
D.
热情接待，主动服务
题目14
14.
门诊护理人员保持诊室内一医一患，是遵循门诊护理伦理要求中(
)。
选择一项：
A.
尊重患者，保护隐私
B.
维护公正，合理安排
C.
尊重患者，注重心理护理
D.
团结协作，互相监督
题目15
15.
护理人员在言谈举止方面既要亲切关怀也要严谨有度，保持恰当的护患关系，不利用与患者建立的良好关系谋取利益或发展超出工作范围的关系，体现了护理人员(
)的道德品质。
选择一项：
A.
提高认识，默默奉献
B.
换位思考，理解患者
C.
保护安全，严格管理
D.
严于律己，保护患者
题目16
16.
对患者的病情疑点或出现的治疗反应及意外不轻易放过，做到(
)。
选择一项：
A.
热情接待，主动服务
B.
审慎从事，严谨认真
C.
团结协作，互相监督
D.
保持环境，预防感染
题目17
17.
迅速投入抢救，争分夺秒，把生命从死亡边缘拉回来，充分体现医护人员敬业精神和(
)。
选择一项：
A.
尊重生命的人道主义
B.
急患者所急的情感
C.
高度的社会责任感
D.
敏捷果断，敢当风险
题目18
18.为使患者能以稳定的情绪和乐观的态度迎接手术，护理人员应设身处地为患者着想，解除其疑虑，做好(
)。
选择一项：
A.
普及宣传健康教育知识
B.
认真履行告知义务
C.
术前心理护理
D.
术前准备
题目19
19.护理人员要服从手术全局需要，与其他医务人员相互尊重、支持和理解，做到(
)。
选择一项：
A.
减轻痛苦，促进康复
B.
团结协作，密切配合
C.
严谨认真，团结协作
D.
团结协作，互相监督
题目20
20.整形外科的护理人员根据护理原则，选择对患者最为有利、适宜的护理方案，通过精心护理体现护理伦理的(
)。
选择一项：
A.
尊重患者，做好心理护理
B.
灵活细心，做好手术护理
C.
理解患者，尊重人格
D.
悉心护理，耐心指导
二、多项选择题（每题1分，共10分）
题目21
1.整体护理的目的是根据人的下列哪些需要.提供适合个人的最佳护理:(
)
选择一项或多项：
A.
生理
B.
心理
C.
社会
D.
文化
题目22
2.整体护理的特点有:(
)
选择一项或多项：
a.
整体性
b.
系统性
c.
全面性
d.
专业性
题目23
3.
患者道德权利的基本内容包括：(
)
选择一项或多项：
A.
生命健康权
B.
隐私保护权
C.
平等的医疗权
D.
免除社会责任权利
题目24
4.患者道德义务的内容包括：(
)
选择一项或多项：
A.
配合诊治和护理
B.
支持医学科学发展
C.
遵守医院规章制度
D.
尊重医务人员的人格和劳动
题目25
5.从护理人员的角度分析，影响护患沟通的因素有：(
)
选择一项或多项：
A.
对护理人员的尊重不够
B.
缺乏相应的沟通技巧
C.
沟通语言不当
D.
服务态度差
题目26
6.在护理危重病人时，会遇到的伦理难题有:(
)
选择一项或多项：
A.
履行人道主义与经济效益的矛盾
B.
讲真话与保护性医疗的矛盾
C.
安乐死与现行法律的矛盾
D.
卫生资源分配与病人实际需要的矛盾
题目27
7.专科护理的特点有：(
)
选择一项或多项：
A.
专业性
B.
规范性
C.
合作性
D.
整体性
题目28
8.基础护理的内容包括：(
)
选择一项或多项：
A.
为病人创造和提供良好的治疗和康复环境
B.
保持病人的个人卫生
C.
做好引流管的护理
D.
维持病人合理的营养及正常排泄
题目29
9.手术是一项综合性技术活动，需要的人员有:(
)
选择一项或多项：
A.
手术医师
B.
麻醉师
C.
器械护士
D.
巡回护士
题目30
10.手术室护理工作的特殊性表现在:(
)
选择一项或多项：
A.
制度的严格性
B.
工作的主动性
C.
医护人员的协作性
D.
各阶段护理工作的衔接性
形考作业四
一、单项选择题（每题0.5分，共10分）
题目1
1.家庭病床的护理伦理规范是(
)。
选择一项：
A.
提高专业水平
B.
自律慎独，保守秘密
C.
勇担风险，献身精神
D.
预防为主，社会责任
题目2
2.健康教育的护理道德规范是(
)。
选择一项：
A.
信誉至上，上门服务
B.
自律慎独，保守秘密
C.
恪守规程，心理指导
D.
面向农村和深入基层
题目3
3.社区卫生护理的道德规范是(
)。
选择一项：
A.
礼貌待人，文明服务
B.
恪守职责，人道精神
C.
职业责任，科学态度
D.
勇担风险，献身精神
题目4
4.社会重大灾害急救的护理道德规范是(
)。
选择一项：
A.
自律慎独，保守秘密
B.
勇担风险，富有献身精神
C.
预防为主，社会责任
D.
信誉至上，上门服务
题目5
5.最能体现护理科研人员高尚情操的人体试验是(
)。
选择一项：
A.
天然试验
B.
自体试验
C.
诱导试验
D.
自愿试验
题目6
6.人体试验必须坚持受试者(
)。
选择一项：
A.
没有不适
B.
绝对安全
C.
知情同意
D.
获得经济利益
题目7
7.下列人体试验必须立即中止的是(
)。
选择一项：
A.
没有采取对照
B.
出现了与预期结果不符
C.
对受试者不能起到治疗作用
D.
出现了严重危害受试者利益的现象
题目8
8.在下列伦理审查目的的提法中，错误的是(
)。
选择一项：
A.
促进社会公正
B.
保障研究结果的可信性
C.
保证研究结果与预计结果的吻合性
D.
保护所有实际的或可能的受试者的尊严、权利、安全和福利
题目9
9.临终患者的家属面对身受疾病折磨的亲人或即将失去亲人的现实，身心疲惫，心情沉重，护理人员应遵循(
)的护理伦理要求帮助家属。
选择一项：
A.
保护临终患者的权利
B.
理解临终患者，以博爱之心做好护理工作
C.
尊重生命的人道主义
D.
关心与抚慰临终患者家属
题目10
10.临终关怀的根本目的是为了：(
)
选择一项：
A.
节约卫生资源
B.
减轻家庭的经济负担
C.
提高临终病人的生存质量
D.
缩短病人的生存时间
题目11
11.器官移植涉及卫生资源分配的正义问题包括的两个方面是(
)。
选择一项：
A.
宏观与微观
B.
政治与文化
C.
医疗与护理
D.
情感与理智
题目12
12.器官移植相关标准中涉及卫生资源分配的伦理问题的社会标准是(
)。
选择一项：
A.
患者的财力
B.
患者的文化程度
C.
患者的社会价值
D.
患者的人际关系
题目13
13.
我国卫生部颁布的“人类辅助生殖技术管理办法”不允许实施(
)。
选择一项：
A.
人工授精
B.
体外受精
C.
代孕技术
D.
无性生殖(克隆)
题目14
14.
下列不属于脑死亡的四个标准的是(
)。
选择一项：
A.
没有感受性和反应性
B.
心跳停止
C.
没有反射
D.
脑电波平坦
题目15
15.
1992年底，美国纽约州的水牛城，一位53岁的妇女霍络尔丁为渴望孩子的儿子、儿媳做替身母亲，生下了一个小宝宝，然而，究竟这个孩子是她的儿子还是孙子?这体现了辅助生殖技术的哪种弊端：(
)
选择一项：
A.
割裂了生育与婚姻，性的联系
B.
扰乱了传统的亲属关系
C.
可能导致后代近亲结婚
D.
通过辅助生殖技术出身的孩子的一些权利不能得到保障
题目16
16.
在涉及人类胚胎的试验研究中，目前认为试验被允许是在受精卵结合之后的(
)。
选择一项：
A.
7天之内
B.
7周之内
C.
14天之内
D.
14周之内
题目17
17.
人工辅助生殖技术中，又称作试管婴儿的是(
)。
选择一项：
A.
人工授精
B.
体外受精
C.
代孕母亲
D.
无性生殖(克隆)
题目18
18.
以下对生殖细胞基因治疗认识正确的是：(
)
选择一项：
A.
生殖细胞基因治疗绝对不允许进行
B.
对生殖细胞进行基因治疗可以毫无顾忌地进行
C.
对生殖细胞基因治疗必须采取十分慎重的态度
D.
目前对生殖细胞基因治疗已取得广泛的共识，不存在任何的伦理分歧
题目19
19.
对体细胞基因治疗安全性的伦理争论，其潜在的危险性不包括(
)。
选择一项：
A.
接受治疗的病人易患癌症
B.
有益基因丢失
C.
病毒整入其他正常基因
D.
干预了后代的自主权利
题目20
20.下列反对主动安乐死的观点是(
)。
选择一项：
A.
实现了患者的自主权
B.
在任何情况下都不能主张促进死亡
C.
减轻患者痛苦
D.
实现了患者死亡方式选择权
二、多项选择题（每题1分，共10分）
题目21
1.护士的社会责任有哪些：(
)
选择一项或多项：
A.
预防保健
B.
发展护理科学
C.
承担社会重大灾害紧急救助的任务
D.
积极参与、模范地遵守卫生法规政策
题目22
2.护士为社会社区服务义务，具体表现在：(
)
选择一项或多项：
A.
承担预防保健工作
B.
进行康复指导
C.
开展健康教育
D.
提供卫生咨询
题目23
3.人体实验的伦理原则包括：(
)
选择一项或多项：
A.
医学目的
B.
知情同意
C.
随机对照
D.
公益
题目24
4.关于护理科研中的知情同意原则，下列说法正确的有：(
)
选择一项或多项：
A.
任何实验都必须在受试者充分知情的基础上由其自愿做出决定
B.
关于实验的不利后果可以不告诉受试者，以免其情绪紧张
C.
当受试者无行为能力时，必须考虑实验是否取得了监护人的知情同意
D.
不允许不经受试者同意擅自用其作为实验对象
题目25
5.临终关怀的任务是(
)。
选择一项或多项：
A.
以治疗疾病为主
B.
以减轻症状为主
C.
以支持疗法为主
D.
以全面照护为主
题目26
6.临终关怀是对临终病人及其家属所提供的一种全面照顾，其中包括(
)。
选择一项或多项：
A.
医疗
B.
护理
C.
心理
D.
伦理
题目27
7.临终关怀的主要目的是(
)。
选择一项或多项：
A.
维护病人的生命价值
B.
提高生命质量
C.
治愈疾病
D.
维护病人的生命尊严
题目28
8.在护理危重病人时，会遇到的伦理难题有(
)。
选择一项或多项：
A.
履行人道主义与经济效益的矛盾
B.
讲真话与保护性医疗的矛盾
C.
安乐死与现行法律的矛盾
D.
卫生资源分配与病人实际需要的矛盾
题目29
9.生殖技术的道德难题包括(
)。
选择一项或多项：
A.
是否破坏了婚姻和家庭和睦
B.
谁应该是孩子的父母
C.
代理母亲合乎道德吗
D.
人工体外授精后剩余的胚胎是否可用作科学研究
题目30
10.选择科学的死亡标准(
)。
选择一项或多项：
A.
有利于合理利用有限卫生资源
B.
有利于预防疾病
C.
有利于器官移植
D.
有利于医学科学的发展
第一套秘书学测试答案
一.单项选择题
1.贴黄是( )首创的公文纠误制度，就是在制敕等文书的写错之处贴上黄纸，然后改正。
商朝 秦朝 唐朝 汉朝
2. 汉末曹操为魏王时，设“( )”，从此，“秘书”由指物转为指人。
太史 尚书 丞相 秘书令
3. 官印被作为公文有效性的标记，是从( )开始的。
商朝 汉代 唐朝 宋朝
4. 档案集中制度产生于( )。
商朝 秦朝 唐朝 宋朝
5. 我国最早的秘书机构产生于( )。
商朝 战国 秦朝 汉朝
二.多项选择题
. 6.职业道德行为的养成途径有( )。
在日常生活中养成 在专业学习中训练 在社会实践中体验 在自我修养中提高
7. ( )的出现是秘书活动产生的条件。
皇帝
社会管理组织 文字 公文
8. 秘书工作的原则是( )。
准确周密的原则 迅速及时原则 安全保密原则 精简务实原则
9. 我国古代秘书活动的基本特点是( )。
秘书机构变动频繁 秘书人员选拔较严 秘书制度比较完备 公务秘书。
10. 属于秘书职业道德规范的具体内容有( )。
文明礼貌 爱岗敬业 诚实守信 办事公道
三.判断题
11.恪守信用是秘书与人交往的重要准则，也是秘书的道德情操和道德素养的综合体现。
12. √ ×
秘书人员的职业道德是秘书人员在职业活动中应该遵守的行为规范的总和，体现了秘书工作者对社会承担的道德责任和义务。
√ ×
13. 商末，朝廷中出现了我国最早的秘书机构——太史寮。 √ ×
14. 印章最早出现于先秦时期，印章管理制度以唐代规定最为严格和具体。
√ ×
15. 秘书制度草创于先秦，确立于秦汉、发展于魏晋南北朝，成熟于唐宋，完备于明清。
√ ×
第二套测试秘书学答案
. 一.单项选择题
1.拟定会议计划和会议工作方案属于( )阶段工作。
会前 会中 会后 会前和会后
2. 《浩远公司关于张翔见义勇为行为的表彰通报》，其作者是( )。
起草人李秘书 浩远公司 浩远公司王经理 浩远公司保安部 3. 代表大会的会场布置要体现的是( )气氛。
庄严肃穆 热烈喜庆 庄严隆重 自由活泼
4. ( )是在收文处理和发文处理中的一个共同的工作程序。
登记 拟办 批办 用印
5. ( )是表彰先进，批评错误，传达重要精神或者情况的公文。
通告 通知 通报 报告
二.多项选择题
6.请指出属于上行文的公文选项( )。
通知 通报 报告 请示 7. 请指出下列属于会后工作的选项( )。
清理会议文件 离会与送别 撰写会议记录 会议工作总结
8. 下列程序中属于发文处理阶段的是(
)。
拟稿 审核 缮印 批办
9. 请选择对“签发”说法正确的选项( )
签发属于发文处理的环节。
是对文稿进行最后审阅并签字同意发文。 由办公室负责人对文稿进行签发。
文稿经签发即成为定稿，文件据此可以生效。
10. 发文处理程序中的审核是指对草拟的文稿进行( )。
三.判断题 校对 审查 修改 核对 11.请示具有一文一事、请批对应、事后行文等特点。
√ ×
12. 会议纪要是规定性行政公文;而会议记录是记录会议情况和议定事项的事务性文书。
√ ×
13. 文件用印要核实份数，超过份数的文件不能盖印，并要及时销毁。
√ ×
14. 启封是秘书特有的职责，单位和领导的所有文件、信件，秘书人员都有权拆封。
√ ×
15. 缮印是指公文人员对已签发的文稿进行打印和用印。
√ ×
第三套秘书学测试答案
一.单项选择题
1.我国举行的宴会，致辞一般都安排在宴会( )。
开始 席间 快结束时 结束时
2. 各种正式宴请，通常应( )。
口头通知 发请柬 电话通知 他人代通知
3. 请指出下列说法中不属于接待工作五要素的选项( )。
来访者 来访意图 接待地点 接待任务 接待方式。
4. 请指出下列关于商务旅行的一般性准备工作说法错误的选项( )。
制定商务旅行计划 安排交通工具 安排订票、订房 报销差旅费
5. “尊者决定”的原则适用于( )。
致意 介绍 寒暄 握手
二.多项选择题
6.下列选项属于秘书职业着装“TOP”原则是( )。
整齐的
适合特殊场合的 舒适愉快的 高级的
7. 下列选项中属于会见与会谈共有的基本程序是( )。
确定时间 确定地点 统一口径 整理会谈文件
8. 横向沟通经常采用的沟通形式是( )。
面谈 会议 备忘录 报告
9. 下列选项属于商务交际的礼节与礼貌范畴的是( )。
致意 介绍
10. 握手 寒暄
10.请选择对会见与会谈说法正确的选项( )。
会见时，双方的身份高低可以不同; 会谈的目的是正式交换意见; 会见具有严格的约束力
会谈可以为领导人之间的高峰会见作先期准备。
三.判断题
11. 贺信既可以宣读，也可以通过邮寄送达对方。
√ ×
12. 为他人作介绍时，应将女士介绍给男士，将职位高者介绍给职位低者。
√ ×
13. 上楼梯时，秘书应该走在客人的前面。
√ ×
14. 开放参观活动是指将组织内部有关场所和作业程序对外开放的活动。
√ ×
15. 涉外会见应当按“主左客右”的惯例安排座位，即客人坐在主人的左边。
√ ×
第四套秘书学测试答案
一.单项选择题
1.请指出下列说法中不属于办公室的办事原则的选项( )。
服务原则 高效原则 保密原则 分散原则
2. 下列中不符合设计合理的办公室环境标准的选项是( )。
豪华 方便 安全 整洁舒适
3. 请指出下列说法中不属于办公室日常事务管理的选项 ( )。
邮件管理 值班管理 业务管理 电话管理
4. 请指出下列说法中不属于在办公领域使用的信息采集设备 ( )。
计算机 扫描仪 数码相机 打印机
5. 我国办公自动化自20世纪( )年代开始发展，大致经历了三个阶段。
60 70 80 90 二.判断题
6.现代办公设备的应用是办公自动化发展的重要物质基础。
√ ×
7. 邮件的接受主要包括：签收、拆封、登记与分类。
√ × 8. 办公室环境包括人文环境和自然环境。人际关系属于自然环境。
√ ×
9. 办公室布局一般有封闭式和开放式两种。传统的办公室主要是封闭式的。
√ ×
10. 所谓办公自动化，主要是利用计算机、通信和自动控制等技术与设备，实现办公业务的自动化。
√ ×
三.案例分析题
11.这天上午公司孙总正在主持召开公司的董事会。公司有规定，在开董事会时会，参加人员一般不接电话，等散了会再说。十点左右，公司的大客户李总来电话，他对孙总的秘书小何说他有急事要与孙总商量。面对这种情况，小何应该如何处理?现在小何有这么几种选择： 问题:对于以下几种选择，你认为哪种选择比较合适?( )
李总，对不起!我们老总正在开会，不能接听电话。
李总，实在不凑巧，我们孙总正在参加董事会，估计会议要到12点钟才结束。回头我们再给您来个电话，您看这样可以吗?
李总，请您稍等一下，孙总刚刚散会，我马上帮您去找找。 李总请您等一下，我马上叫我们孙总来接电话! 李总，实在对不起，我们孙总不在公司。
12. .按昨天下午下班之前定好的日程安排，老总今上午九点到十点与远方公司的李总会谈，确定联合开发新产品的一些原则问题;从十点半到十一点半跟白云公司的王总见面，解决产品代销过程中的一些问题。十点一刻，白云公司的王总已经到了，总经理秘书小张请王总在会客室稍等，自己以给客人加水的名义来到老总的办公室，向老总暗示另外的客人已到;可老总对小张的暗示一点反应也没有，还是从足球到汽车，前五百年后八百年地与李总在穷侃，似乎完全忘了另有约会。到十点五十分了，见王总等得有些不耐烦了，小张只好又一次来到老总办公室，她递给了老总一张纸条。纸条有这么几种写法：
问题 ：对于小张的以下几种写法，你认为哪种写法比较合适?( )
“老总，王总已到。你已经超过20分钟了!” “老总，王总已到。还让王总等多久?”
“老总，王总已到。王总已经等得有些不耐烦了，我怎么答复人家?” “老总，王总已到。你去接待王总吧，李总我来接待。” “老总，王总已到。我怎么向他解释?”
13. 一天上午,某公司董事长突然收到一封非常无礼的来信,信是由一位与公司交往很深的代理商写来的。董事长怒气冲冲地把秘书叫来,让她记录自己口述的回信：我没有想到会收到你这么不讲理的信,尽管我们之间有那么长时间的业务往来,但事到如今,我也不得不终止我们之间的一切交易,并且按照惯例,我要将这件事公之于众!董事长口述完上述复信内容,要秘书将信打好寄走。对于董事长的吩咐,秘书应该采取什么样的态度呢?下面是四种不同的处理办法： 问题：在以下A、B、C、D四种处理方法中，哪一种最妥当?( )
“是,我立刻照办!”秘书回到办公室按董事长的口述将信打印好并寄走了。 秘书认为董事长在盛怒中做出的决定有欠妥当,如果将信寄出,对公司和董事长本人都非常不利,所以,没有执行董事长的指示,而是将信“压下来”。
秘书不执行董事长的指示,并提出忠告：“董事长,请您冷静一点!想一想这样的信寄出去会有什么样的后果吧。对方写来这样的信,是不是跟我们公司某些地方做得不妥有一定关系呢?我们还是先反省一下自己,再慎重处理这件事吧。”
秘书退下去将信打印出来,但没有马上寄走,而是等到当天快下班的时候,见董事长怒气已消,将打印好的信递给董事长,“董事长,您交代的信已经打印好,请您过目,您觉得这样可以寄出去吗?”
14. 按昨天下午下班之前定好的日程安排，老总今上午九点到十点与远方公司的李总会谈，确定联合开发新产品的一些原则问题;从十点半到十一点半跟白云公司的王总见面，解决产品代销过程中的一些问题。十点一刻，白云公司的王总已经到了，总经理秘书小张请王总在会客室稍等，自己以给客人加水的名义来到老总的办公室，向老总暗示另外的客人已到;可老总对小张的暗示一点反应也没有，还是从足球到汽车，前五百年后八百年地与李总在穷侃，似乎完全忘了另有约会。到十点五十分了，见王总等得有些不耐烦了，小张只好又一次来到老总办公室，她递给了老总一张纸条。纸条有这么几种写法：
问题 ：对于小张的以下几种写法，你认为哪种写法比较合适?( )
“老总，王总已到。你已经超过20分钟了!” “老总，王总已到。还让王总等多久?”
“老总，王总已到。王总已经等得有些不耐烦了，我怎么答复人家?” “老总，王总已到。你去接待王总吧，李总我来接待。” “老总，王总已到。我怎么向他解释?”
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