四六级英语作文

2022-08-23 版权声明 我要投稿

第1篇:四六级英语作文

大学英语四六级写作刍议

摘 要: 英语写作是大学英语四六级考试的难点之一。本文就大学英语四六级写作中存在的问题进行分析,探究成因并提出相应的解决方法,提高学生的写作能力。

关键词: 英语四六级写作 问题 成因 解决方案

一、引言

《大学英语四六级考试大纲》对写作的要求是考生需要在30分钟内写出一篇100词—120词的短文并能够正确表达思想,意义连贯语句通顺,无重大语法错误。写作在大学英语四六级考试中占了15%的比重,不仅考查学生对英语综合能力的运用,还考查学生的思维和论证能力。从历年英语四六级成绩数据来看,写作得分长期在低水平徘徊,学生对于写作的兴趣不浓厚。鉴于此,本文将对大学英语写作的现存问题加以分析,并提出相应的解决方案。

二、存在的问题

(一)英语运用能力

1.词汇量积累

词汇量是影响四六级整体成绩的重要因素之一。叶圣陶先生说:“厚积言有物。”现如今一些学生的词汇量掌握少,书面语言贫乏,究其原因,没有丰富的词汇量积累,词不达意。在写作过程中学生无法用丰富且高级的词汇表达真实想法。例如对于创办一个新企业的描写,“launch a new enterprise”是较好的描述,词汇量匮乏的学生会写成“build a new company”,因此重视词汇积累对于写作能力的提高有着很大好处。

2.汉式英语

由于不同的民族语言文化存在较大的差异,学生写作时往往以自身民族表达习惯为基准,容易受中式思维的影响,因此经常出现汉式英语表达。例如将“一个农业上的好收成”译成“A good harvest in agriculture”看似标准,实际上“in agriculture”是赘余的,因为“harvest”本身的意思就是农作物的收成。另外,由于受到从小到大运用的母语词汇和词义的影响,当学生在英语写作过程中找不到合适的词汇表达,就会凭借自己的想法制造出各种“中式英语”。例如把四世同堂(four generations under one roof)譯成“four generations living together”。由于多数时间生活在汉语为母语的生活环境下,汉语思维基本定型。在思维模式方面,卡普兰认为英语族人的思维形式呈“直线型”,包括汉语在内的东方语言呈“螺旋型”,这也是为什么我们在写作过程中倾向于将从句放在主句的前面,将条件放在主要内容的前面。

3.语法基础

语法基础是构成四六级写作语言表达的重要组成部分,目前一些大学生的语法基础并不扎实,在英语写作过程中经常漏洞百出、杂乱无章。下面是写作中一些易犯的语法问题:1)句子成分缺失。往往缺少谓语和主语使得句子看上去混乱不完整。2)时态语态错误。混淆或忘记改变动词的词形,很少考虑使用被动语态。3)忽略基本骨架。只考虑堆砌词语表达意思,忘记保证句子基本结构在语法上的正确性。

(二)逻辑思维能力

人们运用理念知识、判断能力及推理方法等思维形式反映出事物本质与规律的认识过程叫做逻辑思维。除中英思维存在的客观差异外,在四六级写作中学生往往忽视文章的篇章结构和段落发展的重要性,写出来的文章往往信息感弱、逻辑性差,整体内容缺乏连贯性和统一性,内容无主次之分。且一些学生认为复杂的句式更能够体现写作水平,乱用和误用复杂的句式往往造成逻辑混乱的反向效果。

(三)写作兴趣与教学方式

大多数学生写英语作文的初衷并不是兴趣使然,而是完成老师要求的作业或应付考试。中外教育学家们认为影响英语写作成功与否的主要因素之一便是兴趣的高低。经过调查研究发现影响英语学习的一些因素中,兴趣占了63%、才能占23%、其他占14%。教育家叶圣陶先生也说:“写作的本源是表达的欲望,如同说话一样,胸中有所积蓄,不吐不快。”因此,兴趣是学生能否主动学习的前提。除此之外,大部分教师目前采用的写作教学着重于强调技巧训练,课堂以传授书本知识点为主,写作能力的培养和提高没能引起应有的重视,导致不少学生对英语写作缺乏兴趣。

三、问题的成因

(一)阅读输入不足

语言学家Michael Walter认为:“没有被归纳的语言材料和难度过大的资料都需要为学生提供,没有这部分的语言输入,学生的语言能力就不能够得到充分发挥。”英语阅读是以文章作为载体获取知识的重要过程之一,集词汇、语法等知识于一体,任何阅读材料都是获取知识的途径。阅读与写作是相互促进又相互依赖的两种过程,都属于英语书面语言学习与运用的范畴。语言学习的过程需要语言输入,阅读的过程是知识语言的获取,写作的过程是将获取的知识语言再现,即语言输出。通过大量的阅读训练,学生们从中学习到一些语言知识,获取一些需要的信息,并将这些知识消化吸收及储存在脑中,储存在脑海中的知识积累得越多,写作时所能运用到的素材便越多。但是阅读教学多采用应试目的的强化训练形式,学生处于非主动阅读的状态。且许多阅读材料被分解为语言知识点进行教学,弱化了英语材料的应有功能。

(二)母语迁移影响

在英语写作当中学生不自觉地套用母语的形式和规则,导致生硬不自然的表达,即母语迁移现象。这是汉语思维方式、表达方式及对中西文化差异的不了解导致的。在四六级写作时学生经常根据汉语的思考方式将英语词汇机械地转换,例如将红茶“black tea”译成“red tea”。另外,汉语的思维方式和英语有着较大的差别,有时将汉语意思转变成英语时需要用相反意思表达,且汉语经常以主动语态为主,英语被动语态和倒装句出现频率较高。由于中西方国家各自的风俗文化、行为习惯和思考方式等存在差异,母语迁移现象在四六级写作中普遍存在。例如中国学生在写作描述一件事物或者事件时,更加注重语言的修饰和优美程度,添入更多的个人情感,而西方学生在描述时则显得更客观。

(三)思辨能力薄弱

英语四六级写作的目的旨在用英语更准确更有逻辑地表达考生的思考和想法,内容的充实与否实际上取决于思辨能力的强弱。以写作教学为例,教师教学以如何套用固定句式为主,极少让学生自我思考和写作发挥。这种应试化写作影响了学生的思维,阻碍了学生思维能力的培养,导致目前大部分学生写作时,仅仅停留在翻译、理解等层次较低的思维模式上,不仅使学生思考创造能力受到阻碍,而且导致学生懒惰、思考困难、厌倦,造成厌恶和害怕写作的负担。此外,应试考试中的写作,只需通过添加必要的细节,补全省略的成分,运用一些高级的词汇及正确无误的语句就可完成作文。这样的缺少思辨能力的应试思维从中学带入大学,一面对突然开始变化且难度增加的文体写作要求,学生自然不知所措。除此之外,阅读对于思辨能力的提升有着不可忽视的作用,一些学生阅读量偏少且缺乏主动性,导致写作时的思考表达能力欠缺。

(四)语法知识欠缺

总的看来,造成学生语法知识薄弱的成因有以下几点:一是未能完全理解透彻语法规则。例如,英语有一般过去时、现在完成时等时态,多数情况下学生需要根据句子的整体情况分析进行变化时态。许多情况下学生可能由于语法混乱,导致写作时时态的错误层出不穷。二是学习和考试时语法规则不同。学习时,语法知识点多半是知识点输出并伴随一些例句的讲解;考试时,语法知识点需要在实际语境当中运用,需要考生对语法知识有着非常充分的了解和熟知。三是语法规则有特殊的情况存在。比如以英语中动词的过去式转化为例。动词碰撞“hit”的过去式和过去分词都为“hit”;动词建造“build”的过去式和过去分词都为“built”;误解“mistake”的过去式为“mistook”而过去分词则是“mistaken”。所以语法的规则存在特殊性。四是语法难记难背的问题。语法对于学生来说略显枯燥乏味,需要学生花费大量的时间和精力一一攻克,导致不少学生迈不出学习语法的第一步。

四、解决方案

(一)重视并巧妙词汇积累

死记硬背、照本宣科的方法并不适合我们增加写作的词汇量,重要的是理解和熟练运用词汇。词根是一个单词的核心,表示了单词的基本意思,词根与前后缀相结合组成了一个个单词,我们需要结合词根加联想记忆,全方位解读和熟记单词。词根加联想记忆可以帮助我们最大限度地提升单词记忆的趣味性和成就感,高效掌握四六级词汇。另外,在当今信息发达的时代,手机、电脑等为我们生活提供了相当大的便利,我们应该好好运用这个时代给我们的便利,通过手机上各种各样背诵单词和提升英语的App,合理利用空闲时间,不用携带重的书本,只需一部手机便能够学习英语。当然我认为最重要的一点是高效的方法结合自觉性,所谓不积跬步无以至千里,步步为营才能稳扎稳打,没有量的累积,达不到我们想要的高度和目标。记忆单词本身就是一个水滴石穿的过程,只要坚持每天积累单词,并且经常温习回顾、查漏补缺,词汇量便会越积越多。

(二)拓展并结合阅读训练

阅读是写作的基础,勤奋地练习是提高阅读能力的好方法。古人云“熟读唐诗三百首,不会作诗也会吟”,拓展并结合阅读训练同样可借鉴在英语写作上。阅读材料时可以采用泛读和精读的方法,精读是深入分析、理解和记忆,精确把握英语基础知识和运用规则,重在理解词汇、语法、表达习惯和英文思维方式。泛读是一种短时间内广泛地阅读涉及各种文章的读书方法,重在理解和掌握文章主要内容,积累词汇和习惯表达。扩展阅读积累是长期输入、有效积累的过程。提高四六级英语写作能力,不仅需要有针对性地泛读各种读物,而且需要针对性地对重点进行精读。将长期的日积月累吸纳为自身的想法,加以阅读训练后,最终目的还是提高文字表达能力,即写作输出。只要坚持采用正确的阅读方式,培养阅读兴趣,提高阅读量,从中积累词汇,并且能够养成良好的阅读习惯,写作能力就会随之提高。

(三)强化和巩固语法知识

首先,我们可以借助语法书或者语法资料,将混乱的语法知识重新梳理一遍,使语法在我们脑海中呈现的方式更加井井有条,结构更加清晰,框架更加完整。其次,我们需要多做练习,培养语感,对症下药,一步一步将自己的语法知识补充完整,在发现并订正语法错误的同时巩固和加强语法知识。另外,可以通过多篇文章对句子进行语法分析。在不断的练习下,语法知识不断积累,在写作中分析句子的基本成分时更加得心应手。最后,当遇到对语法知识点有疑问的时候,还可以寻求老师的帮助,在老师的耐心讲解下进一步理解并且领悟语法知识。

(四)分析并借鉴考级范文

分析和借鉴范文,并进行自我总结积累是提高写作水平的一个好方法。英语四六级写作包含图表作文、议论文及应用文等体裁,考查考试的思维逻辑分析能力及语言水平。当我们参考范文的时候可以多观察思维逻辑是否清晰、论点是否富含新意及语法表达是否清晰,然后根据总结的经验进行写作。经常阅读与分析四六级各类范文,不断地提升写作规范,可以实现以读促写,在不知不觉中学习语言表达并改善中式英语问题。英语写作能力的提高并非一时半刻之事,而是一个长远的、艰辛的、循序渐进的过程。首先,可以借鉴多样化的写作类型及多样性的写作范文。在写作类型上,可以是对立观点类型的提纲式作文,也可以说明原因类型;可以仿写范文,也可以改写范文;可以写拓展训练发散思维,也可以写提纲训练谋篇布局……从写作上而言,可以借鉴四六级历年的真题作文,也可以借鉴好的高分作文范文。其次,可以每天写一篇英文日记,记录自己一天中所经历的事情和遇到的新单词新语法。

(五)培养与提升写作兴趣

培养写作兴趣,提升写作的积极性是写好作文的前提。学生写作水平在低水平徘徊,从实质上说就是写作興趣丧失造成的。从教学出发,英语四六级写作需围绕主题进行,课堂上教师可根据教材内容制定主题,激励学生在课堂上表述与主题相关内容,营造轻松的课堂氛围。从学生角度出发,首先需端正目标和态度。即,学习是自己的事情,学习积极性就会有所提升。其次不拘形式地随想随写。被誉为写作圣经On Writing Well的作者William说:“学习写作的唯一方法是强迫自己定期写出一定数量的单词。”当我们浏览文章或者新闻时,可以尝试用英文将共鸣或想法写下来。最后可以尝试多样化写作方法。例如可以和朋友做个游戏,每人给出首字母相同的若干单词,例如cat, classroom, catch,cause等,根据这些单词联想场景进行写作,这样的写作毫无压力且过程有趣。

五、结语

从四六级作文现状和成因来看,学生的写作水平仍然存有较大的进步空间。我们可以根据写作中的相关问题对症下药,慢慢完善教与学之不足,并结合一些有效的方法提高学生的词汇、逻辑、阅读和语法等能力,最终写作能力得到有效提升。当然,写作水平的提升不是一蹴而成的,学生应注重培养在写作方面的兴趣,并加强基础写作知识的积累,最大限度地有效提高写作能力。

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作者:陈露雅 陈白颖

第2篇:从大学英语四六级考试阅读项目的改革反思英语阅读教学

【摘要】大学英语四六级考试是全国高校英语人才(非英语专业)培养的标杆。四六级考试改革势必推动大学英语教学的改革。本文剖析了阅读项目的改革对大学英语阅读教学带来的影响。

【关键词】大学英语四六级改革 大学英语 阅读教学

纵观大学英语四六级考试几十年来的变革,可以看到国家对于大学生英语能力培养的目标在不断地改进与提高。与此同时,我们也欣喜地看到在四六级考试这一试金石的作用下,我国大学生英语能力也在不断的提高,而这些提高有赖于大学英语课堂教学的改革与改进。阅读理解是语言学习中最重要的基本技能之一,而阅读项目在整个考试中占相当大的比重。本文将专门讨论四六级阅读项目的改革与大学英语阅读教学改革之间的关系。

一、 大学英语四六级阅读项目改革 — 进一步明确突出阅读策略和技巧的重要性

经过多年的改革与变化,目前大学英语四六级考试中的阅读项目共分为三个部分:第一部分测试词汇理解,即选词填空(15选10);第二部分长篇阅读,此部分为最新题型,要求学生将10条句子与原文的某个段落一一对应。第三部分保留了经典题型,即仔细阅读或深度阅读。

分析阅读项目的三大题型,可清晰地看出国家对大学生英语阅读技能培养的目标越来越科学,越来越明确。第一部分不仅考核学生的单词量,还综合地考核了学生阅读、语法、语言分析、知识框架等多方面的知识与能力。第二部分作为最新题型,更是明确地提出要求学生既要具备基本的阅读技能和较快的阅读速度,又要有控制阅读速度的能力。第三部分作为经典题型,一如既往地要求学生具备扎实的语言基本功和宽广的知识面,并能熟练掌握各种阅读策略与技巧。总而言之,四六级改革为教师和学生们提供了明确的培养与学习目标,进一步地明确了阅读策略与技巧培养的重要性。

二、 从阅读题型的改革反思大学英语阅读教学

1.阅读策略意识的培养 — 理论知识的输入。传统的大学英语阅读教学模式通常将听说读写综合起来,缺乏系统的阅读理论输入,这让学生们阅读时始终停留在凭感觉和碰运气的水平上。一篇阅读文章做完后,讲不清为什么对,为什么错,更谈不上知道每道题在考察对单词的理解、句子的理解或是篇章大意的理解。与此同时,学生们并不知道正确的阅读方式与习惯,一边读,一边翻译,或一边读出声来等等不良阅读习惯广泛存在。对于四六级的阅读题型,并不清楚不同的题型要求掌握不同的阅读技巧与速度。这些情况足以说明阅读实践能力的薄弱是缺乏理论的支撑。

因此,大学英语阅读教学必须首先注重学生阅读策略的意识培养,要让学生明白阅读不是一个简单的读、然后做题的过程。要想达到四六级的要求,必须具备正确的阅读策略与技巧。因此,阅读教学的基础是教师对学生进行理论知识的系统辅导。让学生清楚地认识到要进行阅读,必须首先具有一定的词汇量和语法知识,但是这并不代表阅读就过了关;我们还需掌握一定的阅读方法和技巧,才能对原文有深刻的理解。特别是在阅读一些不大熟悉的材料时,阅读技巧就显得尤为重要。

2.阅读技巧的强化训练 — 理论与实践结合。在理论知识的系统输入和策略意识不断培养的基础之上,阅读应作为一门技能训练课,教师在课堂上应始终把阅读方法和技巧的训练作为重点。理论与实际的结合,才能让学生更好地掌握各种阅读技巧,提高阅读速度。

大学英语课程就阅读教材而言,分精读,泛读和快速阅读三种。这三种教材互为补充,为全面培养学生的阅读能力提供了保障。值得称道的是,近年来许多配套教材之间都能较好的将阅读技能训练相互结合起来,教师应充分地发挥教材的作用,将阅读理论和阅读练习有效地结合起来。强化训练技巧的同时,适时补充理论的指导,让学生有意识地运用阅读策略和技巧来阅读材料,而不是简单的机械式的阅读。

3.阅读教学课堂外的伸展。在以老师讲解为主的课堂上,很多学生完全处于一种被动的接受状态,未能真正参与到阅读之中。此外,阅读能力的提高有待于大量的输入和练习,有限的课堂教学无法满足这一要求。因而,教师还需进行角色转换,将课堂教学延伸到课外,从知识的传授者变成学生阅读实践的组织者、指导者和评价者。

在课外阅读活动中,教师不仅充当指导者的身份,还应成为有效的活动组织者,监督者和评价者。首先,对学生阅读实践活动要有明确具体的要求。如要求学生在规定时间内按个人兴趣选择阅读材料,阅读并书写阅读报告,并明确注明各项要求的细则。为了监督活动落实到位,可以安排定时进行分组讨论。对于学生在口头以及书面报告中出现的问题,教师也可做成适当的评价。教师的评价不仅能更好地鼓励学生表达个人感想与观点,还能引导学生学会从阅读中汲取有用的知识。

面对当今社会对英语实际能力的要求,大学英语四六级考试适时调整方向,为师生们提供了明确的学习目标。英语阅读能力是基础,阅读能力的提高有助于其他各项技能的发展。大学英语教学面临前所未有的挑战,教师应打破固有的教学传统,克服各种困难,充分利用各种资源指导学生提高英语的实际能力。

参考文献:

[1]束定方,庄智象.现代外语教学——理论、实践与方法[M].上海外语教育出版社,2002.

[2]吴红云,李守京,英语学习的理念和策略[M].中国广播电视出版社,2008.

[3]林露,高玉雪.解读大学英语四六级改革:试题难度明显加大[J].高等教育,2013.

作者:易芳

第3篇:从大学英语四六级考试改革谈大学英语翻译教学改革

摘    要: 翻译教学在大学英语教学中一直处于不受重视的地位,而近年来的大学英语四六级考试改革中翻译题型的调整,对所有大学英语教师和学生提出了更高的要求和挑战。本文结合大学英语四六级考试改革现状,分析了目前大学英语翻译教学存在的问题,并探讨了翻译教学的相应改革对策,希望对培养学生翻译能力,改善教学质量,从而对大学英语教学改革有所助益。

关键词: 大学英语    四六级考试    翻译教学    能力培养

近二十年以来,大学英语四六级考试进行了一系列改革。1996年1月前没有翻译题,而自2007年1月大学英语四、六级考试全面实施改革后,增添了翻译新题型,即单句翻译,要求把句子补充完整,占卷面总分的5%。2013年8月,教育部再次发布的全国大学英语四、六级考试改革中最核心的变革之一是将翻译题型更改为段落翻译,内容涉及中国的历史、文化、经济、社会发展等,翻译整体难度加大。我国国家教育部2004年发布的《大学英语课程教学要求(试行)》中明确提出了对学生三个层次的翻译能力要求。其中一般要求是“能借助词典对题材熟悉的文章进行英汉互译”;较高要求为“能借助词典翻译一般英美报刊上题材熟悉的文章,能摘译所学专业的英语科普文章”;更高要求是“借助词典翻译英美报刊上有一定难度的科普、文化、评论等文章,能翻译反映中国国情或文化的介绍性文章”(教育部,2004)。同时,这三个层次分别就翻译速度、译文质量和运用翻译技巧做了相应的要求。通过大学英语四六级的系列改革及教育部所做的相应要求充分体现大学生具备翻译能力的重要性,说明在大学英语教学中增加翻译教学比重,培养学生翻译能力的必要性和紧迫性。

一、目前大学英语翻译教学存在的问题

1.在大学英语教学中,翻译教学地位薄弱。

提到翻译教学,很多人认为这应该是专业英语的教学范畴。目前各地高校都在酝酿对大学英语课程进行改革,有的学校甚至已经删减了部分大学英语课程课时,因而在很多大学里,因课时有限和进度要求,大学英语教师往往把精力放在培养学生听说能力和读写能力上,而忽视“译”。翻译通常作为一种“补充”内容变身为课后练习。以《新视野大学英语读写教程》为例,每个单元虽然均设置有12个句子的英汉互译练习,但在实际教学中课上讲解时间微乎其微,教师往往将其作为作业,课下简单批改或者课上提供参考答案,很少就翻译技巧进行系统讲解,学生的翻译能力得不到很好地培养和锻炼,学生翻译能力无法得到实质性提高。

2.大学英语教学中缺乏专门的翻译教材。

一些研究者认为,“翻译教学,与大学英语教学没有必然的联系;纵然有一定联系,也是为了应付考试的需要”(李桂英,2004)。因此各高校的大学英语教学中,除部分学校设置了课时有限的翻译选修课外,很少设置专门的翻译课程,也缺乏专门的翻译教材。而一般读写教材如《新视野大学英语读写教程》中的英汉互译练习,旨在使学生熟练掌握并运用相应单元中所学的词汇、短语和句型,缺乏基础翻译理论知识及相关翻译方法和技巧。学生不能通过这种单句互译训练掌握翻译理论和技巧,严格来说这种训练只是语法词汇的综合练习,不能成为真正的翻译实践,更与大学英语四六级考试中翻译题型的变化不匹配。

3.学生缺乏相关语言文化的背景知识。

语言是文化的一部分,学习语言必须要学习该语言的文化。只有充分了解语言背后的文化背景,才能真正理解隐含在文本背后的文化内涵,从而深入了解文本语言所要传达的真正意义(张海瑞,2010)。大学英语四六级考试改革后的翻译题型涉及的内容包括历史、文化、经济、社会发展等。然而教师在教学中往往把重点放在语言知识的传授上,而忽略文化背景知识的比例,忽略跨文化交际能力的培养,造成很多学生不了解英语国家的语言文化背景,而习惯于用汉语思维方式表达,在翻译时往往纠结于字词表面的形式对等,不考虑社会文化背景因素,生搬硬套,词不达意,出现误译、中式英语等,不但使学生失去学习英语的兴趣和积极性,影响教学效果,更妨碍翻译能力的培养。

二、大学英语翻译教学改革对策

1.改革课程设置,增加翻译教学比重。

在中国,80%以上的西方经典著作(不包括文学著作)是由科学、经济、历史、哲学等领域的学者翻译的(罗选民,2002)。可以看出翻译教学在非英语专业中是非常必要的。四六级考试的改革举措更让我们意识到培养学生的翻译能力,为社会培养复合型人才。因此,大学英语教学可以适当增加英语翻译选修课的比例,如学生可以根据自己的兴趣选择英汉笔译、口译,翻译理论技巧,英汉语言对比,商务英语翻译等课程。增设这些课程既补充了大学英语教学课时的不足,同时又扩充了学生的知识结构。此外,还可在大学英语读写课中增加翻译模块教学课时,根据《大学英语课程教学要求(试行)》中提出的三个要求分阶段,分层次增加翻译教学的比重,在更高阶段尝试学术英语翻译,使翻译教学有效贯穿大学英语教学的整个过程。

2.合理选择和灵活使用翻译教材。

英语教材改革是大学英语翻译教学的关键。大部分高校的英语教学基本使用统一的大学英语教材,且以听、说、读、写为主,缺乏专门的大学英语翻译教材,因此根据近年来大学英语四六级考试中翻译题型的变革,教师应合理选择适合本校学生英语水平的翻译教材及训练材料。选择教材时不但要充分考虑其实用性、难易度、时效性等,还要考虑翻译教材涉及的题材、内容等,如相关段落和篇章翻译练习是否与四六级考试中涉及的有关中国历史、文化、经济、社会发展等翻译内容相匹配。有条件的学校甚至可以组织教师根据学校的专业特色自编教材。因此慎重选择大学英语翻译教材和训练材料,对激发学生学习兴趣、提高他们的学习积极性、培养学生的翻译能力至关重要。

3.在翻译教学中适当讲授翻译理论和技巧。

在大学英语学习过程中,由于学生没有系统学过专业翻译知识,翻译时往往追求词句的对等,而出现“中式英语”。因此在大学英语翻译教学中加强翻译理论及技巧内容的讲授极有必要。在读写课教学中,教师可选择教材课文里典型的句子或者段落,适当有效地讲授一些翻译理论和技巧,如常用的八种翻译技巧,即重译、增译、减译、词类转换、词序调整、分译、正说反译或反说正译、语态变换等(郭著章,1996)。此外,教师可以进行必要的翻译讲评,对翻译中出现的问题有针对性地进行分析,并要求学生进行定量翻译训练,通过理论学习强化实践,并在实践中体会理论和灵活运用技巧,不断提高独立分析问题和解决问题的能力,从而提高翻译能力。

4.在教学中进行文化导入。

著名翻译学家谭载喜认为,“对于译者来说,没有对两种文化的对比认识,就无从谈起对语言文字的正确理解和表达”(1999)。也就是说要做好翻译,必须了解不同文化背景,了解两种语言文化的差异。因此,在大学英语教学中,教师可以充分利用各种资源和手段进行文化导入,如利用课件、多媒体、网络平台等适当增加英美国家的历史、政治、宗教、文学艺术等知识,或通过讲解课文中出现的词汇和习语等灌输英美文化知识,同时,在翻译实践中注意选择中西方文化方面的段落和篇章,既进行翻译练习又进行文化对比和交流,吸引学生的兴趣,提高积极性,培养学生的跨文化意识。

三、结语

翻译教学在大学英语教学中是必不可少的一个重要环节。从四六级考试改革措施和未来社会发展来看,翻译能力将成为衡量大学生综合能力培养的重要指标,因此在大学英语教学改革过程中,翻译教学应和听说、读写一样得到同等重视。在教学中合理设置课程,选择合适的教材,补充翻译理论和技巧,在教学中进行文化导入,将翻译教学有效贯穿大学英语教学中,调动学生的积极性,增强学生的翻译能力,从而提高学生的英语语言综合运用能力,为社会培养复合型人才奠定基础。

参考文献:

[1]教育部.大学英语课程教学要求(试行)[Z].北京:清华大学出版社,2004.

[2]罗选民.中国的翻译教学:问题与前景[J].中国翻译,2002.

[3]李桂英.大学翻译教学与科技人才培养[J].开封大学学报,2004.

[4]张海瑞.大学英语翻译教学存在的问题与对策[J].教育理论与实践,2010.

[5]郭著章,李庆生.英汉互译实用教程[M].武汉:武汉大学出版社,1996.

[6]谭载喜.新编奈达论翻译[M].北京:中国对外翻译出版社,1999.

基金项目:中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目“从文化翻译理论探讨大学英语翻译教学的新途径”(HEUCF14

1201);黑龙江省高等学校教改工程项目“研究型大学精英人才培养模式下的英语教学改革与创新”(JG2013010209);黑龙江省高等学校教改工程项目(JG2012010137)。

作者:王晓慧

第4篇:英语四六级英语作文

1 There is a growing tendency these days for many people who live in rural areas to come into and work in city. This problem has caused wide public concern in most cities all over the world

农民进城打工正成为增长的趋势,这一问题在世界上大部分城市已引起普遍关注

93. An investigation shows that many emigrants think that working at city provide them with not only a higher salary but also the opportunity of learning new skills 一项调查显示许多民工认为在城市打工不仅有较高的收入,而且能学到一些新技术

2 It must be noted that improvement in agriculture seems to not be able to catch up with the increase in population of rural areas and there are millions of peasants who still live a miserable life and have to face the dangers of exposure and starvation.

必须指出,农业的发展似乎赶不上农村人口的增加,并且仍有成千上万的农民过着缺衣挨饿的贫寒生活

95. Although rural emigrants contribute greatly to the economic growth of the cities, they may inevitably bring about many negative impacts. 尽管民工对城市的经济发展做出了巨大贡献,然而他们也不可避免的带来了一些负面影响

96. Many sociologists point out that rural emigrants are putting pressure on population control and social order; that they are threatening to take already scarce city jobs; and that they have worsened traffic and public health problems. 许多社会学家指出民工正给人口控制和社会治安带来压力。他们正在威胁着本已萧条的工作市场,他们恶化了交通和公共卫生状况。

97. It is suggested that governments ought to make efforts to reduce the increasing gap between cities and countryside. They ought to set aside an appropriate fund for improvement of the standard of peasants„ lives. They ought to invite some experts in agriculture to share their experiences, information and knowledge with peasants, which will contribute directly to the economic growth of rural areas. 建议政府应该努力减少正在拉大的城乡差距。应该划拨适当的资金提高农民的生活水平;应该邀请农业专家向农民介绍他们的经验,知识和信息,这些将有助于发展农村经济。

3. In conclusion, we must take into account this problem rationally and place more emphases on peasants„ lives. Any government that is blind to this point will pay a heavy price.

总之,我们应理智考虑这一问题,重视农民的生活。任何政府忽视这一点都将付出巨大的代价。

4. Although many experts from universities and institutes consistently maintain that it is an inevitable part of an independent life, parents in growing numbers are starting to realize that people, including teachers and experts in education, should pay considerable attention to this problem. 尽管来自高校和研究院的许多专家坚持认为这是独立生活不可避免的一部分,然而越来越多的家长开始意识到包括教师和教育专家在内的人该认真对待这一问题。

5 As for me, it is essential to know, at first, what kind of problems young students possible would encounter on campus.

我认为,首先应看看学生们在校园可能遇到哪些问题(超循环背诵大表)

6. In addition to the obvious problem--loneliness, another major obstacle, in my opinion, is the alien environment of campus. 除了孤独这一明显的问题之外,我认为另一个困难是对校园环境的不熟悉

7 Freshmen often get lost on campus; fail to find the way to dormitory or library.

新生常常在校园迷路,不知道去宿舍或图书馆该怎么走

8. Most important of all, apart from their hometown and parents, students couldn„t catch sight of any familiar face and have to suffer from homelessness, which can cause certain serious mental disease.

更重要的是,离开了家乡和父母,看不到任何熟悉的面孔,他们不得不忍受思家之苦,这可能会导致严重的精神疾病。

9. In the first place, school authorities should provide far more services to help freshmen to get used to the new life as soon as possible.

首先,学校应提供更多的服务,帮助新生尽快适应新的生活

105. The senior and junior students could share their own experience about how to overcome the difficulty they have ever met, how to adjust to the new environment with the new students.

高年级学生可以与新生一起分享他们的经历:如何克服遇到的困难,如何适应新的环境

10. At the same time, young people should be encouraged to communicate with their peers and develop their interpersonal skills, which may help them greatly to reduce dependence on their parents and are essential in the maintenance of healthy mental condition. 同时,应该鼓励年轻人和他们的同龄人交往,发展他们的交际能力,这将帮助他们极大地减少对父母的倚赖并保持健康的精神状态

11、 In conclusion, we must lay emphasis on this problem and make our maximum contribution to help them spend their first day on campus smoothly. 总之,我们应重视这个问题,尽最大努力帮助他们平稳度过他们最初的校园生活

12、There is a general discussion over fashion in recent years. One of the questions under debate is whether a person should choose comfortable clothes, which he or she likes, regardless of fashion.

近些年,关于时尚存在着广泛的争论。其中一个问题就是一个人是否应选择他喜欢的舒适的衣服,而不管是否时尚

109. This issue is becoming a matter of concern for more and more people, especially for parents and experts in education.

这一问题已被越来越多的人关注,尤其是父母和教育专

13. Many young people always go into raptures at the merely mention of buying fashion clothes. And they seem to be attracted by colorful material, various styles of fashion clothes. There is nothing, they maintain, that can„t be compared with fashion clothes. In fact, fashion clothes had become indispensable part of youngster„s life.

许多年轻人一提到时尚服装就兴高采烈。他们似乎被时尚服装那多彩的面料,各种不同的款式所吸引。(超循环背诵大表)

英语四六级作文预测:

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic Online Games. You should write at least 120 words, and base your composition on the outline (given in Chinese) below:

1)现在有一些大学生沉迷于网络游戏,家长和学校对此忧心忡忡

2)但有人认为网络游戏并不是一无是处

3)你对此的看法是……

【思路点拨】

本题属于提纲式文字命题。提纲第1点指 出对于某问题的一种反面看法,提纲第2点指出对于该问题的正面看法,提纲第3点要 求谈谈“我”对该问题的看法,由此可判断本文 应为对比选择型作文。

根据所给提纲,本文应包含如下内容:指出大学生沉迷于网络游戏的问题,阐述家长和老师对该问题的否 定态度和他们的担忧;指出一些人对待网络游戏的肯定态度,并阐述网络游戏的好处;表明“我”对网络游戏的看法。

Online Games

As a product of modern computer and the Internet, online games have become very popular among college students. Many students have enjoyed great pleasure and satisfaction from these games. But as we see, some students lacking self-discipline are too much indulged in these games so that their health and academic performances are affected. This phenomenon has caused much worry from the teachers and parents.

However, some others argue that online games are not always harmful. They can train the ability of youngsters to respond to things quickly. Moreover, they can stimulate their imagination and their interest in computer science. More importantly, it does bring college students much pleasure and release their pressure greatly.

From my point of view, online games are a wonderful entertainment if you play them in a clever way. When they interfere too much with your study, it is better for you to give them up at once. But if you have enough self-control over them, you can certainly obtain real pleasure and benefit a lot from them.

第5篇:英语四六级:地震英语作文

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Strong earthquake damage so large, to show once againbrought out. In the vicinity of the epicenter, and in some citiesand villages, many houses collapsed and damaged roads,telecommunications disruption, many schools and hospitalshave become ruins. Human vibrant homes, Zhuanshun betweenappalling.

This is a natural disaster caused by difficult to avoid thetragedy, it is sad. And this kind of tragedy, and in fact the long history of human companions,Ruyingsuixing. Far not said that the 1976 Tangshan earthquake, despite the past 32 years but hasremained a matter of fear. In 1998 the major flood disaster in 2003, the atypical pneumonia crisis,the end of 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami and the recent tropical storm in Myanmar, have caused alarge number of casualties and property losses. Human nature is no stranger to disaster, but whenWenchuan earthquake and the plain reality of the time, the natural power of human beings beforethe fragile, exposed completely.

Wenchuan earthquake, the people to disaster areas has caused tremendous physical andmental suffering, but also makes the map as a small region, the people throughout the country themost about 洛基Rocky在线英语教育平台

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the place. As a so-called human life, compatriots suffering in some of the time, thecountry’s grief out of the full performance. The international community has also expressedconcern about the rapid and condolences.

When a major earthquake has occurred, and aftershocks continued, the key word at this timeonly a matter of fact the word save and assistance. In a sense, the assistance is also save anintegral part. There is no doubt that relief has become China’s current government and the peoplemost important task.

Disaster relief to save what » This seems to be without a thought. But in fact, the truemeaning of disaster relief must be clarified. The primary task of relief, when in order to save lives.Compared with the life, property loss and post-disaster reconstruction and so has been relativelyminor, or that include the rescue of property and the seismic reflection of the problem, should bemoved back to save lives extremely important After that.

In the earthquake disaster site to direct rescue of Premier Wen Jiabao said a word, as long asboth hands, will be able to rebuild their homes - these words to the real interpretation of the truemeaning洛基Rocky在线英语教育平台

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of the disaster. In other words, this is also the Chinese government will as a primary taskof saving the idea of the source. That is only one life, not to the other of alternative, the responsemust be to the fastest speed, with the GREatest efforts, even at the cost to take any means, atany cost, the disaster areas to save people’s lives.

This means that the government-led rescue system should be the focus fell on the lives of therescue. With the passage of time, the number of casualties will also continue to increase. Safety ofthe lives of tens of thousands of people, in fact, the most severe disaster order. As long as there’shope that the front line, who must rescue efforts to hundredfold, from the ruins in search forpossible survivors, from under collapsed buildings in a rescue every life. It should be noted that not only rely on relief confidence, courage and a spirit of solidarity, but alsorely on the professional rescue teams and technical configuration. Although available for disasterrelief to everyone, but under certain conditions, relief is also a live technical, professional andstrong, high-risk, large amount of labor. Can not fail to mention that Chinese soldiers once againplayed a steel wall role in the relief difficult conditions, the elite combat units in the affected areas togive full expression to the mighty army of glor洛基Rocky在线英语教育平台

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y. The young Chinese soldiers in the affected areasof the rescue scenario is indeed deeply felt the blood is thicker than water like fish and waterdeeply.

Will save lives as the overriding priority, also means that aid must race against time, and deathrace. Those dying in the ruins of the life, is eagerly awaited relief. Time is life, meaning, at this pointhas been the most vivid expression. Early into the second relief to the affected areas, we can savea life back. In the epicenter of local traffic inconvenience or even interrupted the circumstances,Premier Wen Jiabao asked the rescue team is to walk as soon as possible into the most affectedareas, highlighted the earthquake relief the importance of the concept of time.

It should also be noted that the earthquake disaster relief is not just a matter of theGovernment. As the face of ever, a major natural disaster, the government’s influence, life-savingoperations, but also relies on public and non-governmental organizations surmount. Includingencouraging the spirit of the people of disaster areas, material support, including positive andpractical actions, such as blood donation, both will have a positive effect rescue operations.Wenchuan after the earthquake, many enterprises and individuals, has be洛基Rocky在线英语教育平台

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gun an emergencydonation of property, to the most needed areas. Non-disaster areas the people’s blessings andencouragement, people have fully felt the warmth and firm national strength. No Valentine’s love of natural disasters. In a battle to save the lives of all people, the victory willcome after a disaster test of the Chinese nation. 强地震的破坏力如此之大,又一次淋漓尽致地呈现出来。在震中以及附近的一些城市与乡村,许多房屋倒塌,道路毁坏,电信中断,不少学校与医院成了废墟。人类生机勃勃的家园,转瞬之间惨不忍睹。

这是一场由自然灾难造成的难以躲避的悲剧,令人悲痛。而这样的悲剧,事实上与人类漫长的历史相伴,如影随形。远的不说,1976年的唐山大地震,尽管已经过去32年,但至今依然令人心有余悸。1998年的特大洪涝灾害、2003年的“非典”危机、2004年底的印度洋海啸,以及最近发生在缅甸的热带风暴,都造成了大量的人员伤亡和财产损失。人类对于自然灾难并不陌生,但是,当汶川大地震现实地摆在眼前的时候,人类在自然威力前的脆弱,显露无遗。

汶川大地震,给灾区的民众造成了巨大的身心痛苦,也使得地图上那样一个狭小的区域,成为全国人民最为牵挂的地方。所谓人命关天,在部分同胞受难之时,举国的悲恸充分表现了出来。国际社会也迅速表达了关切与慰问。

当一场大地震已经发生,而且余震不断,此时的关键词其实只剩下两个字,即“救”与“援”。某种意义上,“援”也是“救”的组成部分。洛基Rocky在线英语教育平台

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毫无疑问,救灾已成为当前中国政府与民众最为重要的任务。

救灾救什么?这似乎是一个无须思考的问题。但事实上,救灾的真义必须得到厘清。救灾的第一要务,当为拯救生命。与生命相比,财产的损失与灾后的重建等都已经相对次要,或者说,包括抢救财产以及对于地震中出现问题的反思等,都应该退到“拯救生命”这一极端重要的议题之后。

在地震灾害现场指挥抢救的温家宝总理说过一句话,“只要有双手,家园就能重建”——这句话真切地诠释出了救灾的真义所在。换言之,这也是中国政府将救人作为首要任务的理念之源。正因为生命只有一次,无法以其他之物替代,故救灾者必须以最快的速度,以最大的努力,甚至不惜采取任何手段,“不惜任何代价”,拯救灾区民众的生命。

这意味着,以政府为主导的救援体系须将重心落在对生命的挽救上。随着时间的推移,伤亡数字也将会不断增加。数万人的生命安危,其实就是最严厉的灾情命令。只要有一线的希望,救援者就必须以百倍的努力,从废墟中寻找可能的生还者,从正在倒塌的建筑物中抢救出每一个生命。

应该看到,救灾不仅依赖信心、勇气与团结的精神,也依赖专业的救援队伍与技术配置。尽管人人都可为救灾尽力,但在一定条件下,救灾又是一个技术活,专业性强、风险度高、劳动量大。不能不提到,中国军人又一次发挥了“钢铁长城”的作用,在艰苦的救灾条件下,作战在灾区的精锐部队充分体现出了威武之师的雄风。年轻的中国军人洛基Rocky在线英语教育平台

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在灾区救援的情景,确实令人深切地感到了血浓于水的鱼水深情。

将拯救生命视为压倒一切的首要任务,也意味着,救援者必须争分夺秒,与死神赛跑。那些废墟里奄奄一息的生命,正在急切地等待救助。“时间就是生命”的含义,在此时也得到了最真切地体现。救援者早一秒进入受灾地区,就能早抢救出一个生命。在震中地区交通不便甚至中断的情况下,温家宝总理要求救援队伍“就是步行也要尽快进入受灾最严重的地区”,突出强调了地震救援之时间概念的重要性。

还应该看到,地震救灾不仅仅是政府之事。如同面对以往任何一场重大自然灾害一样,在政府之力之外,拯救生命的行动,还依赖于民众与非政府机构众志成城。包括给予灾区人民的精神激励、物质的支持,以及包括积极献血等切实的行动等,均会对救援行动产生积极效果。汶川大地震发生之后,不少企业与个人,已开始紧急捐赠财物,运往最需要的地方。非灾区民众发出的祝福与鼓励,已让人充分感受到了温暖而坚定的民族力量。

天灾无情人有情。在一场拯救生命的全民战斗中,胜利终将属于历经灾难考验的中华民族。

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第6篇:英语四六级作文

一:

1、一个主题

2、分析该主题(产生 造成)原因 影响

3、我们该怎么做(看法 观点)

①Nowadays /②Recently/③In recent years /④As is known to us (前边四个随便选一个起头), with the advance (发展)of the (society 或economy and technology ),①there is a growing number that „„②it is widely acknowledged that(普遍认为) „„

To my mind /In my opinion ,a number of factors (因素)could be account for the„„ . What is the most important factor is that „„. Besides , „„also plays a vital role (重要的角色)in „„. Last but not least(最后,但并不是不重要), „„also make a significant contribution to „„

①However ,as the proverb goes (有一句谚语):" no rose without thorn ,(没有不带刺的玫瑰)" there is no denying that(无可否认的是) „„. But on the other hand ,we also should pay great attention to that it will exert a (profound side) effect on „„

Therefore , from what we has been discussed above,it is essential and rational that(必须的和理性的)effective measures(有效的措施) should be take to tackle(用来解决) „„ .Admittedly(诚然), there is no quick method (措施)to the issue of „„,but recognition the problem(认识到这个问题) is the (most important ) first step toward the situation . Then „„. In addition ,„„ . I firmly believe it is naturally/reasonably come to the conclusion that……

二:

1、出现了一个什么现象

2、针对该现象的不同意见及理由

3、我的看法

①开头同上一篇第一段 ,however in reaction this phenomenon of „„ ,differentpeople have different minds. It is feasible(合乎情理的) that views on this issue vary from person to person .Just as the proverb goes :"so many people ,so many minds " . ②Nowadays /Recently/In recent years /As is known to us (任选一), with the advance of the (society或economy and technology ), the issue whether it is good or not to„题目现象„has been in limelight (引人注目的)and has aroused wide concern in the public(引起了普遍的关注). There is no (denying /doubt )that „„(此句灵活运用).

However ,as the proverb goes :" no rose without thorn ." Everything hasmerits and demerits(优点和缺点) ,and „„is no exception .People ,who advocate (倡导)the issue ,hold that „„.what is more ,„„. Besides ( last but not least )„„.therefore,„„. But to others ,who argue the idea ,maintain that „„.

As for me ,it is important for us to „„rationally. And it is nature to believe that„„but we should not ignore that „„.Only in this way can we „„

备注:

一、带有①②③或用“”隔开的的是意思近可以任选其一的。

二、该模板并不适合所有类型做题目,但这些作文句子可以用上。

三、写作文不会写也不要自己按照中文思想造句子,这是硬伤,平时背诵几个好句子。

四、带有省略号的,需要根据作文题目自己补充一部分。

五、平时多写作文多用,不能光背不练。

第7篇:大学英语四六级作文

一、2010上海世博会

The World Expo in 2010 Shanghai will host the 2010 World Expo. The World Expo has a long history but it has never been held in Asia. So the 2010 World Expo is an honor for all of the Asians. ()ur government has promised that it will be the best one. And Shanghai, as a host city, will have more chances to develop quickly. As a student in Shanghai, I should learn English well so that I can be a volunteer in the Expo to help foreigners know more about Shanghai.

二、如何做一个可爱的上海人

How To Be A Lovely Citizen Great changes have taken place in Shanghai and more and more people throughout the world are focusing their attention on Shanghai now. As a citizen of Shanghai, I feel I must spare no efforts to do my bit. First, I decide to help plant more trees to make our city more beautiful. Second, I should obey seven nos and be good at learning from others. Third, I should study hard so that I can do something better for my city in the future.

三、考证热

1)近几年大学校园内出现“考证热” 2)产生这一现象的原因

3)你的看法 【行文思路】

本题属于提纲式文字命题。提纲第1点指出一种现象,提纲第2点要求分析产生这种现象的原因,提纲第3点要求谈谈“我”对该现象的看法,由此可判断本文应为现象解释型作文。根据所给提纲,本文应包含如下内容:描述近几年大学校园内的“考证热”;分析越来越多的大学生热衷考取各种证书的主要原因;阐述“我”对大学生“考证热”的看法。

Certificate Craze on Campus

In recent years, getting a certificate has become a new craze among college students. [1]Just randomly ask a student on campus what he or she is busy doing, [2]quite possibly, you may get the answer [3]that he or she is preparing for a certificate [2]of some kind. [4]Why does this craze appear?

[4]There are mainly two reasons behind this phenomenon. First, [5]it is the employment pressure that forces college students to get more certificates. With the admission expansion of colleges, a lot more graduates have to face the fierce competition in the job market. How can one make himself more competitive? More certificates at hand, maybe. Second, diploma and certificates are still important standards [6]by which many employers measure a person’s ability. In order to increase the qualifications for a job, the students compel themselves to run from one exam to another.

[7]From my point of view, we should be more rational [8]when it comes to certificates, [9]since certificates [2]do not necessarily prove one’s ability. Being crazy in getting certifications blindly is [10]nothing but wasting time. To conclude, we should focus on improving our ability [10]but not getting a certificate of no practical value.

【亮点点评】

[1]祈使句使用恰当。randomly意为“随意地,随机地”。

[2]限定词使用恰当,使文章表达更严谨,增强了说服力。

[3]that引导同位语从句,修饰the idea。

[4]设问句引出原因,容易引起注意。

[5]强调句型,此处是强调主语。

[6]which引导非限制性定语从句,充当介词宾语。

[7]用于引出“我”的观点。

[8]“当谈到或提及…时”。

[9]since引导原因状语从句,表示既定的原因,常译为“既然”。

[10]“只是,仅仅”。“而不是”。

【佳句临摩】

1.佳句:You may get the answer that he or she is preparing for a certificate of some kind.

临摩:离婚率上升尽管令人难过,但却是不争的事实。

___________________________________________________________________________.

2.佳句:Diploma and certificates are still important standards by which many employers measure a person’s ability.

临摩: 在过去的三十年,发展中国家在许多方面都取得了很大的进步,其中包括健康水平的提高。

___________________________________________________________________________.

3.佳句:From my point of view, we should be more rational when it comes to certificates.

临摩:我认为,对于我们来说,更重要的是尽可能提高自己的能力而不是获得更多的证书。

四、追求名牌

1)现在很多大学生都喜欢追求名牌

2)产生这种现象的原因是什么

3)你如何看待这一现象

【行文思路】

本题属于提纲式文字命题。提纲第1点指出一种现象,提纲第2点要求分析产生这种现象的原因,提纲第3点要求谈谈“我”对该现象的看法,由此可判断本文应为现象解释型作文。

根据所给提纲,本文应包含如下内容:描述目前热衷于大学生追求名牌的现象;分析大学生热衷名牌的原因;阐述“我”对大学生追求名牌的看法并提出建议。

Students’ Pursuit for Famous Brands

Nowadays many college students like to pursue famous brands. From clothes to mobile phones, even study articles like electronic dictionaries and pens, they [1]are inclined to buy famous brands. [2]Moreover, many students from poor families begin to [3]follow this consumption trend as well. This phenomenon has aroused wide attention. [4]The following reasons can account for college students’ preference for famous brands. [2]Above all, in many college students’ eyes, a famous brand is a symbol of sophistication and taste. They expect others to admire their high class and good taste. [2]What’s more, in modern society, famous brands to some extent are equal to fashion, [5]which has a great attraction to young college students. [2]Besides, parents’ spoiling their children helps form their bad consumption habit. [2]As far as I am concerned, [6]it is irrational for college students to pursue famous brands. [3]After all, most of famous brands are [7]far beyond their consumption ability. [3]Besides, [8]it is not famous brands but a person’s noble character that really makes him high class. [3]Therefore, college students should attach more importance to cultivating a good character [9]rather than pursuing famous brands.

【亮点点评】

[1]“有…倾向”。

[2]过渡衔接词语,使文章条理清晰、意义连贯。

[3] follow表示“跟随,追求(趋势或时尚)”

[4]用于引出原因。

[5]which引导非限制性定语从句。

[6] it为形式主语,不定式为真正主语。

[7]“远远超出他们的消费能力”。beyond表示“超出…范围”。

[8]强调句型,此处是强调主语。not…but连接并列成分。

[9]“而不是”。

【佳句临摹】

1. 佳句:It is irrational for college students to pursue famous brands.

临摹:对大学生来说,了解校园以外的世界是非常必要的。

___________________________________________________________________________

2. 佳句:In modern society, famous brands to some extent are equal to fashion, which have a great attraction to young college students.

临摹:在世界上或许没有什么游戏像赌博

像赌博的那么有害和危险了,它经常会导致一个人破产,还会玷污人的心灵。

___________________________________________________________________________

3. 佳句:Therefore, college students should attach more importance to cultivating a good character rather than pursuing famous brands.

临摹:很多同学经常玩电脑游戏,这是浪费时间,而不是一种有益的放松方式。

五、助学贷款申请信 1)简单介绍个人情况

2)说明申请助学贷款的原因、数额

3)保证会合理利用贷款并表明还款的决心

【行文思路】

本题属于情景式命题,要求写一封申请信。根据所给提纲,本文应包含如下内容:简单介绍自己的情况,表明写信目的:申请助学贷款;说明申请助学贷款的原因、数额;保证合理利用贷款并表明还款决心,最后表示感谢。

A Letter Applying for a Bank Loan Sep 12th, 2008

To whom it may concern,

I am a freshman of Lianhe University, [1]majoring in Applied Physics. I am writing in the hope that I may obtain a bank loan to support my study in Applied Physics for the following four years.

My parents are both laid-off workers, so it’s [2]beyond their power to finance me through the college education. [3]To make matters worse, my mother has suddenly fallen ill and is expecting a major operation. [4]Therefore, [5]with the college tuition becoming a much heavier burden on my family, I am compelled to apply a RMB20,000 bank loan.

[6]I give you my promise that the loan would be used properly. [4]Meanwhile, I’ll [7]spare no effort to work hard both in the study and my future career in order to pay back the loan. I would be greatly obliged if my application is granted. And I am looking forward to hearing from you soon.

Sincerely yours,

Song Xue 【亮点点评】

[1]“主修…”,现在分词作伴随状语。

[2]“超出…的能力范围”。

[3]“使事情更糟糕的是”。

[4]过渡衔接词语,使文章条理清晰、衔接紧密。

[5]“with+宾语+宾补”的独立结构。

[6]“我保证…”,that引导同位语从句。

[7]“不遗余力”。

【佳句临摩】

1.佳句:To make matters worse, my mother has suddenly fallen ill and is expecting a major operation.

临摩:令人更迷惑不解的是,很多飞机都从大海上离奇消失了。

___________________________________________________________________________.

2.佳句:Therefore, the college tuition becoming a much heavier burden on my family, I am compelled to apply a RMB20,000 bank loan.

临摩:由于周围交通不便利,人们只得步行回家。

___________________________________________________________________________.

3.佳句:Meanwhile, I’ll spare no effort to work hard both in the study and my future career in order to pay back the loan.

临摩:全国人民都不遗余力地支持北京举办奥运会。

第8篇:英语四六级词汇及作文

1解决: Solve, deal with, cope with, handle, resolve, address, tackle2损害: Damage, hurt, injure, harm, impair, undermine, jeopardize3给与:Give, offer, render, impart, provide, supply, afford4培养::Develop, cultivate, foster5优势:Advantage, merit, virtue, benefit, upside, strength6 缺陷:Disadvantage, demerit, drawback, downside, weakness7 使迷惑:Puzzle, bewilder,

beneficial, profitable, rewarding, advantageous27 影响:Influence, impact, effect28明显的:Clear, obvious, evident, self-evident, manifest, apparent, crystal-clear29占:Comprise, take up, account for, constitute, consist of, make up, occupy, hold, compose30与…相比:Compared with,compared to,in comparison with,in comparison to,by comparison with,by comparison to31对比而言:By contrast,in contrast,on the other hand,on the contrary=,conversely32展示:Show, reveal, illustrate, demonstrate, depict, present, represent, describe33 大约:Approximately,almost,about,around,nearly,roughly34波动:Fluctuate,go ups and downs,display a fluctuation,demonstrate a fluctuation35事实上:Practically,in practice,essentially,in essence,in reality,in effect,in fact,as a matter of fact,it is a fact that36换言之:Namely,that is to say,in other words,to put it like this,to put it differently,to put it from another way,to put it from another angle.

Along with the advance of the society more and more problems are brought to our attention, one of which is that....随着社会的不断发展,出现了越来越多的问题,其中之一便是____________。 As to whether it is a blessing or a curse, however, people take different attitudes.然而,对于此类问题,人们持不同的看法。(Hold different attitudes 持不同的看;Come up with different attitudes 有不同的看法)

As society develops, people are attaching much importance to....

随着社会的发展,人们开始关注............ People are attaching more and more importance to the interview during job hunting求职的过程中,人们慢慢意识到面试的重要性。

As to whether it is worthwhile ....., there is a long-running controversial debate. It is quite natural that people from different backgrounds may have divergent attitudes towards it.关于是否值得___________的问题,一直以来争论不休。当然,不同的人对此可能持不同的观点。

In the process of modern urban development, we often find ourselves in a dilemma.在都市的发展中,我们往往会陷入困境。

Recently the phenomenon has aroused wide concern, some people are in alarm that....最近,这种现象引起了人们的广泛关注,有人开始担心______。

The human race has entered a completely new stage in its history, with the increasingly rapid economic globalization and urbanization, more problems are brought to our attention.人类进入了一个历史的崭新的阶段,经济全球化、都市化的速度不断加快,随之给我们带来了很多问题。

...... plays such an important role that it undeniably becomes the biggest concern of the present world, there comes a question, is it a blessing or a curse?"_______显得非常重要而成为当今世界所关注的最大的问题,这是无可厚非的。不过,问题是:"我们该如何抉择?" Now we are entering a new era, full of opportunities and challenges, 现在我们正在进入一个充满机会和挑战的新时代。 People from different backgrounds would put different interpretations on the same case.不同行业的人对同一种问题的解释不尽相同。 The controversial issue is often brought into public focus. People from different backgrounds hold different attitudes towards the issue.这中极具争议性的话题往往很受社会的关注。不同的人对此问题的看法也不尽相同。 When asked ..., some people think..... while some prefer...说到______,有人认为________,而另一些人则认为__________。

Just as the saying goes: "so many people, so many minds". It is quite understandable that views on this issue vary from person to person.

俗话说,""。不同的人对此有不同的看法是可以理解的。

To this issue, different people come up with various attitudes.

对于这个问题,不同的人持不同的观点。 There is a good side and a bad side to everything, it goes without saying that...万事万物都有其两面性,所以,勿庸置疑,____________。

When it comes to ..., most people believe

that ..., but other people regard ...as ....提到_________问题,很多人认为_________,不过,一些人则认为______是____.

When faced with...., quite a few people claim that ...., but other people think as...提到_________问题,仅少数人认为________,但另一些人则认____。 There is a public controversy nowadays over the issue of .... There who criticize ...argue that ...., they believe that ...,but people who favor .., on the other hand, argue that...目前,__问题争议较大。批判___的人认为__,他们认为____,不过,另一方面,赞同___的人则认为___。

Some people are of the opinion that..有些人认为_____________。

Many people claim that...很多人认为_____________。

A majority of 绝大多数A large number of 很多人

Some people contend that ... has proved to bring many advantages (disadvantages)

有些人认为________有很多有利之处(不利之处)。

Those who argue for ... say that ...economic development of the cities.

觉得_____的人认为,______ 城市的经济发展。

Some people advocate that ....

有些人在坚持认为_________。

They hold that ... 他们认为_________。

People, who advocate that ..., have their sound reasons (grounds)

坚持认为______的人也有其说法(依据)。

Those who have already benefited from practicing it sing high praise of it.

那些从中受益的人对此大家褒奖。

Those who strongly approve of ... have cogent reasons for it.

强烈认同_______的人有很多原因。

Many people would claim that...有人会认为___________。

People who support ... give some or all of the following reasons.

那些支持_________观点的人列出了如下原因:________。

But others hold the view that ...但是,另外一些人则认为_______。

观点的用词:Attitude, opinion, 与其搭配的动词以及词组:Take, have, come up with,set forth, put forward等。

But on the other hand, there are also quite a few people who strongly advocate that..,.不过,另一方面,也有少部分人坚持认为______。 But people who are ..., on the other hand , maintain that...不过,另一方面,__的人认为___。 However, there are a large number of people who hold a different view concerning this case.然而,很多人对此有不同的看法。

问题用词:Issue, phenomenon,后接介词, on, over等。

However, some others argue that... 然而,另一些人则认为_________。

However, there are also some others who contend that...然而,也有人认为______。

But other people set forth completely totally different argument concerning this case.不过,对于此,另一些人则持完全不同的观点。

Some people examine this issue from another angle.有的人用另一角度来看这一问题。

On the other hand, there are also many opponents who strongly ...另一方面,也有很多反对的人,他们认为_____________。

According to my personality and fondness, I would prefer ... rather than..根据我的个性以及兴趣,我选择_______而不会选择__________。

Personally, I side with the latter (former) opinion.. 就我个人而言,我支持后者(前者)________。

Personally, I am in favor of the former point of view.就我个人而言,我较同意前一种看法。

To my point of view 我认为

To my mind, the advantages far overweigh the drawbacks(disadvantages, shortcomings)我认为,优点胜过缺点。

For my part, I stand on side of the latter opinion that..就我而言,我较赞同后一种观点__。

As far as I am concerned, I am inclined to be on the side of the latter view.在我看来,我较同意后一种观点。

After a thorough consideration, for my

part, I am in favor of the latter view that...经过深思熟虑,我较支持后一种看法,亦即_____。

If asked to make a decision, I would prefer...如果真的需要作出选择,我宁愿____。

展现问题篇

问题的常用词:question, problem, issue

Recently, the issue of ...... has been brought into public focus.近来,_______的问题引起了社会的广泛关注。

Now we are entering a brand new era full of opportunities and innovations, and great changes have taken place in people’s attitude towards some traditional practice.现在我们进入了一个充满机遇和创新的崭新时代,很多人对某些传统的看法也发生了很大改变。

Recently the issue of whether or not ... has been in the limelight and has aroused wide concern in the public.近来,是否_______的问题已经非常明确而且引起了社会的广泛关注。

The issue whether it is good or not to .... has aroused a heated discussion all over the country.______的利与弊已在全国范围内引起热烈的讨论。

At present, some people think ....while others claim ...Both sides have their merits.目前,一些人认为_____而另一些人则认为_______。其实,两种观点都其可取之处。

People rarely reach an absolute consensus on such a controversial issue.对于这种极具争议的话题,我们很难作出绝对的回答。

People from different backgrounds would put different interpretations on the same case.不同行业的人对同一种问题的解释不尽相同。

The controversial issue is often brought into public focus. People from different backgrounds hold different attitudes towards the issue.这中极具争议性的话题往往很受社会的关注。不同的人对此问题的看法也不尽相同。

When asked ..., some people think..... while some prefer..说到______,有人认为________,而另一些人则认为__________。

Just as the saying goes: "so many people, so many minds". It is quite understandable that views on this issue vary from person to person俗话说,""。不同的人对此有不同的看法是可以理解的。

To this issue, different people come up with various attitudes 对于这个问题,不同的人持不同的观点。

There is a good side and a bad side to everything, it goes without saying that..万事万物都有其两面性,所以,勿庸置疑,________。

When it comes to ..., most people believe that ..., but other people regard ...as ....提到______问题,很多人认为______,不过,一些人则认为______是____.

When faced with... quite a few people claim that ...., but other people think as...提到__问题,仅少数人认为__,但另一些人则认为___。

There is a public controversy nowadays over the issue of .... There who criticize ...argue that ...., they believe that ...,but people who favor .., on the other hand, argue that..目前,_______问题争议较大。批判____的人认为_______,他们认为_______,不过,另一方面,赞同_____的人则认为______。

Some people contend that ... has proved to bring many advantages (disadvantages)有些人认为________有很多有利之处(不利之处)。

Those who argue for ... say that ...economic development of the cities.觉得_____的人认为,______ 城市的经济发展。

Some people advocate that ....有些人在坚持认为_______。

They hold that ... 他们认为______。

People, who advocate that ..., have their sound reasons (grounds)

坚持认为______的人也有其说法(依据)。

Those who have already benefited from practicing it sing high praise of it.那些从中受益的人对此大家褒奖。

Those who strongly approve of ... have cogent reasons for it.强烈认同____的人有很多原因。

Many people would claim that...有人会认为__。

People who support ... give some or all of the following reasons.那些支持______观点的人列出了如下原因:____。

But others hold the view that ...但是,另外一些人则认为_______。

观点的用词:Attitude, opinion, 与其搭配的动词以及词组:Take, have, come up with,set

forth, put forward等。

But on the other hand, there are also quite a few people who strongly advocate that..,.不过,另一方面,也有少部分人坚持认为_______。

But people who are ..., on the other hand , maintain that...过,另一方面,__的人认为_____。

However, there are a large number of people who hold a different view concerning this case.然而,很多人对此有不同的看法。

问题用词:Issue, phenomenon,后接介词, on, over等。

However, some others argue that... 然而,另一些人则认为_________。

However, there are also some others who contend that...然而,也有人认为___。

But other people set forth completely totally different argument concerning this case.不过,对于此,另一些人则持完全不同的观点。

Some people examine this issue from another angle.

有的人用另一角度来看这一问题。

On the other hand, there are also many opponents who strongly ...另一方面,也有很多反对的人,他们认为_____________。

According to my personality and fondness, I would prefer ... rather than...根据我的个性以及兴趣,我选择_______而不会选择_______。

Personally, I side with the latter (former) opinion...就我个人而言,我支持后者(前者)___________。

Personally, I am in favor of the former point of view.就我个人而言,我较同意前一种看法。

To my point of view 我认为

To my mind, the advantages far overweigh the drawbacks(disadvantages, shortcomings)我认为,优点胜过缺点。

For my part, I stand on side of the latter opinion that..就我而言,我较赞同后一种观点__。

As far as I am concerned, I am inclined to be on the side of the latter view.在我看来,我较同意后一种观点。

After a thorough consideration, for my part, I am in favor of the latter view that...经过深思熟虑,我较支持后一种看法,亦即_______

第9篇:大学英语四六级作文

大学英语语法总结之四六级作文模板tanhongjun2009

大学英语四六级作文模板

Nowadays/recently, the phenomenon/… of …has been brought into public attention .It`s shocking /…to notice that there are an increasing number of…, and it has exerted a good/great/bad influence on society .[叙述现象]

Obviously , It`s more difficult/…for sb to… ,and there are all sorts of reasons for this phenomenon/occurrence .

First and formost ,some students claim that … it`s mainly because…

In the next place,some others maintain that…

Furthermore ,few people are more cautious about… they hold out that …

Mostimportantly , …[分析原因(正面)]

Others , however , hold a different view .they point out that …

Additionaly …[分析原因(反面)]

From my point of view , It`s of great importance for us to do sth . so that ,we should pay more attention to it , in order to gain some social experience . It`s because of the diffculties in doing sth that we should spare no effort to take measures to achieve this goal . Thus , I`am sure , it will bring about many benefits to us in the future/long run .[自我看法]

[ About 160 words] 常用句型:

A 组:好方/惯促进无知 (常用长句表达)

① be a good way of doing sth

② Make it a good habit of doing sth

③ help promote understanding and communication between …and …

④ without knowing the meaning behind them , they just do sth for …

B组:知道谢序好难同重力 (To 的短语)

① as is known to all②thanks to③ in order to

④ do good to⑤take trouble to / have difficulty in doing sth

⑥ agree to/with⑦is of great importance for sb to do sth

⑧ spare no effort to do sth

2010年6月22日 星期二

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