三版本九年级《化学》第一单元教材比较及建议
摘要：本文基于对九年级《化学》第一单元的定位，结合教育学理论，从结构编排、化学感性认识的形成、化学思维方式的建立、探究学习的认识和科学素养的培养五个方面，比较了当前我国人教版、鲁教版和沪教版九年级《化学》第一单元并给出建议。旨在帮助教师在教学中准确地处理教材并做出优良的教学设计，力求为新教材的编写和课程改革提供借鉴之处。
关键词：教材比较；化学思维；探究学习；科学素养
doi：10.3９６９／ｊ．ｉｓｓｎ．１００８－０５４６．２０１１．０７．００１
新课程改革以来，随着我国基础教育理念的不断发展和更新，教材不再是全国一本的局面，而是一纲多本。不同版本的教材自然在结构设置、内容侧重、内容陈述方式、案例选择等方面有所差异。而到底哪种教材更符合知识的系统性和学生认知规律，有必要进行深入分析比较，尤其是在教材使用一段时间、正面临全面修订的当今，教材的比较研究更加备受教育工作者关注。从不同的角度提出修改建议，对教材编写和课程建设具有重要的借鉴意义。
教材的第一单元具有先导作用。九年级《化学》第一单元是学生化学科学学习的入门。作为最初接触新的自然科学，教材的第一单元应该给学生一个化学科学的轮廓。首先，应该让学生初步了解化学科学在人们生活和社会发展中的重要作用，激发学生的学习兴趣，产生学习动机，增强学习驱动力。其次，使学生了解“化学”概念的内涵，使学生对化学科学知识形成一个模糊的轮廓并了解化学的基本特点，更重要的是促使学生了解化学思维方式，预告学生思维方式的转变。最后，让学生初步认识化学科学学习的基本方法和化学科学学习的特点，以便学生能在化学的学习中有目的地逐步构建起化学知识的学习图式。
基于以上对九年级《化学》第一单元的定位，本文将以此为例，从结构编排、化学感性认识的形成、化学思维方式的建立、探究学习的认识和科学素养的培养五个方面，对三个版本教材——人教版［１］、鲁教版［２］、沪教版［３］进行比较并提出相应的建议。旨在帮助教师在教学中准确地处理教材并做出优良的教学设计，力求为新教材的编写和课程改革提供借鉴之处。
一、教材结构的比较与建议
由三个版本九年级《化学》第一单元结构（见表１）可知，在第一章的内容安排上，三个版本的教材大同小异。主要介绍了化学科学及化学科学的特点，强调了化学实验对化学学习的重要作用。教材的这种知识安排基本上遵循了化学学习发展的基本规律：了解化学学科的概念，了解化学学科的特点。
人教版直接进入对化学学科概念的构建，凸显其化学学科主体的化学课程观念；鲁教版的标题虽然与人教版有些差异，但实质上没什么差别，只是在陈述的方式上有所差异。这种内容选择和安排体现了学科中心课程的观念，对于学生了解化学学科是较为有利的；而沪教版的内容选择相对来说更注重化学与社会，力图体现社会中心课程的观念，让学生首先就了解化学与社会密切相关，以学生们熟悉的环境为情境，引导学生从化学科学的角度认识化学，了解化学对社会的发展和人们生活的作用，从而树立学生正确的化学学习目的，激发学生学习的兴趣。随之而来的是介绍化学科学和如何达成化学学习目标的学习方法。教材对具体的化学知识学习暂不作要求，而强调化学学科学习方法的介绍，降低了学习的难度。这种内容结构与传统的九年级化学教材第一章的结构有较大的突破，是有益的尝试。
从整个章节的结构设置来看，沪教版的章节设置较有层次性，对化学学科的描述较为清晰和全面。不管使用哪个版本的教材，笔者的建议是采用沪教版的思路进行阐述，当然在充分体现社会中心课程观念的同时，也要发挥人教版和鲁教版的特点，体现学科中心课程观念。
二、教材内容的比较与建议
１．化学的感性认识的形成
对于化学初学者，首先需要对化学科学有一个全面的感性认识，他们对该门学科的兴趣往往建立在这个认识之上。沪教版第一节以“化学给我们带来了什么”、“化学研究些什么”、“怎样学习和研究化学”为标题，然后分别以三个小标题进行阐述分门别类，层层递进，内容详细，能够很好地使学生对化学有一个较全面的感性认识。人教版和鲁教版虽然都有这些内容，但这两个版本的内容组织不如沪教版的集中和有逻辑性，从而较难使学生形成整体认识。
根据奥苏贝尔的意义学习理论，首先，在安排学习内容时，尽可能先传授包摄性、概括性强的概念，以便学生能对学习内容加以组织和综合；其次，要注意渐进性，也就是说，要使用安排学习内容顺序最有效的方法；构建学习内容的内在逻辑。［４］笔者建议采用沪教版的基本框架，即以“化学给我们带来了什么”、“化学研究些什么”、“怎样学习和研究化学”为框架组织教学。
化学是一门以实验为基础的学科，第一单元实验部分的编写和教学，最好能结合社会和生活实际，向学生介绍一些直观性强的案例，以使学生顺利地了解化学科学，如人教版选择“对蜡烛及其燃烧的探究”为例就较为合适。此外，在编写教材和教学时，要考虑到影响学生形成化学感性认识的情感因素。在第一单元可以设置趣味性实验，并结合化学史、化学家简介、化学科学的前沿知识等，从而使学生认识化学科学的同时，爱上化学学科。
２．化学思维方式的建立
微观与宏观的联系是化学不同于其他科学的最特征的思维方式，在初中化学中形成这种思维方式对初中生的创造性和想象力的发展具有重要意义。
人们的学习和生活中最初是靠感观感受到事物，对感官感觉到的材料进行思维认识事物。而化学科学是在原子、分子等微观层次上认识事物的科学，因此学生学习化学时必须进行思维方式的重新构建，而这种微观层次思维的构建由于缺乏感官的感受，所以学生形成这种思维方式较为困难。鲁教版中，通过“物质组成的奥秘”这一内容将文字与图片结合，形象地阐述了宏观物质与微观世界的联系，在教师的引导下，使学生形成这种化学最特征的思维方式。在此基础上形成了化学本质概念：化学是在原子、分子的水平上研究物质的组成、结构、性质及其应用的一门基础自然科学。同时，提出了元素的概念。至此，学生对化学的认识进一步加深。
沪教版中，提到了元素，用图片给出了石英晶体和石墨的微观结构模型。人教版中，提到了原子、分子、元素，并且提到了元素周期律，使学生知道化学是一门规律性很强的学科。但这两个版本在陈述方式上都不及鲁教版具体、直观、清晰。
为了使学生今后更好地认识化学世界，培养学生这种最特征的思维方式——微观与宏观的联系很重要。根据心理学家佩维奥的双重编码理论，信息既可以用言语－序列贮存来编码，也可以用映象－空间贮存来编码，凭借双重编码，使知识能够比较容易回忆，因为它们可以使用两种方式提取。而且，映象系统一般说来比言语系统更不容易遗忘。［４］因此，教材中运用图片等宏观形式说明物质的结构、形成过程等微观知识，有益于学习者进行双重编码，从而更好地理解和记忆知识。教学中，教师应注重利用宏观模型、实验、图片、视频、动手制作模型等形式来引导学生想象微观世界，从而使学生建立起微观与宏观的联系。
３．探究学习的认识
探究学习是指学生在教师指导下，为培养科学素养以类似或模拟科学探究的方式所进行的学习活动，在学生获得科学知识的同时，掌握探究技能和形成科学态度。［５］三个版本都提到了探究学习。
鲁教版中，第二节“化学之旅”对探究学习作了系统的介绍。首先，“从问题开始”，由“化学之谜”和爱因斯坦的名言来引发学生思考，激励他们提出问题并探究问题。接着，通过“活动天地”版块，学生自己总结探究学习的一般步骤，体现了发现学习的思想。接着，在“实验探究”这个版块中，让学生实践探究学习的一般过程，并体现了分组合作学习的课堂组织方式和控制变量法，加深了学生对探究学习的理解，并掌握了一定的探究技能。最后，通过“多识一点”和“长话短说”两个版块，进一步说明探究学习的方法和要求，使学生形成正确的科学态度。
人教版中并没有显性地说明探究实验的一般过程，而是通过两个实验引导学生自已构建探究学习的模式，并详细总结了探究活动体现的化学学习的特点。
沪教版对探究学习也有所介绍，但相对简单，只陈述了探究学习的一般过程，其后设计了一个实验，但探究学习的理念体现不够。
发现学习的基本特征是，学习的主要内容不是现成地给予学生的，而是在学生内化之前，必须由他们自己去发现这些内容。［４］在认知学习过程中，学生能够同时体验到“发现”知识的兴奋感和完成任务的自信心。［５］首先，让学生在教师的引导下自己总结出探究学习的一般过程，这正是发现学习的体现，是有益的；但是，教材和教师不应将科学探究活动程序化， 强调所谓的探究步骤和方法。这种将复杂的探究活动简单化和程序化的做法， 并不能使学生真正理解科学探究的含义， 学生会误认为进行科学探究就是严格按照教科书规定的步骤， 通过观察、实验、收集证据来获得结论， 体会不到其他因素对科学活动的影响， 使学生学到的科学与科学的本来面目大相径庭。［６］接着，让学生通过实验实践探究学习，对培养学生的创新意识、应用知识的迁移能力、对待事实证据的科学态度、对科学探究的理解、探究所需要的多重智能（特别是非逻辑的思维能力、搜索信息的能力、合作交流的能力等）都是有积极意义的；［５］最后，教师还可以通过经典案例的讲解、化学名言的解读等来使学生形成一定的正确科学态度。但我们还应当认识到，探究学习并非自然就能发挥它的功能，对探究学习的片面理解，僵化的教学设计，都是导致探究学习效果不好的原因。［５］
４．科学素养的培养
虽然世界各国学者对科学素养内涵的见解各异，但又不乏相互共通之处。结合学者们的观点，科学素养的内涵主要涉及以下三个部分：科学术语和科学基本观点，科学的探究过程，科学对个人和社会的影响。［７］
三个版本的教材对科学素养的三个部分都有涉及，但各有侧重。三个版本中，对“科学术语和科学基本观点”都有提及，如“原子论”、“分子说”、“元素”、“元素周期律和元素周期表”、“绿色化学”、“化学符号”等。鲁教版对“科学的探究过程”这一部分讲解较详细，沪教版中，“科学对个人和社会的影响”这一部分阐述较全面。
科学素养培养的重要性是不言而喻的。但在当前科学和技术飞速发展的时代，人们生活发生了巨大的变化，公民科学素养的养成显得极为重要。公民科学素养不同于科学素养，是公民在社会中生活所必须具备的科学知识、科学观念和科学观念指导下的科学行为。笔者认为，中学科学教育应以提高公民科学素养为目标，而不是大批量地培养科学家。科学素养体现在每个人的日常生活中，体现在“在过去一年中，您是否参观过科技馆或历史博物馆，是否去过公共图书馆，是否有Ｅ－ｍａｉｌ地址……”这些点点滴滴之中。公众科学素养是公众靠非教育系统积累起来的科学素质修养，是公众应具备的对科学技术最基本的理解。公众科学素养的高低与我们每个人的生活关系密切。因为科学素养的提高不仅会给个人带来发展，还会促进整个社会政治、文化、经济的进步。［８］
三个版本的教材都举了很多实例来证明化学知识的重要性和实用性，这些实例都来源于生活和生产中，并且涉及到社会生活的各个方面，通过这些实例的讲解，能够帮助学生用化学科学的眼光认识社会变化并指导社会实践，从而提高公民科学素养，这是值得肯定的。但正是由于这些实例的涉及面广和学生的多样性，使得有些实例脱离学生的现实生活环境，难以让学生有切身感受，从而很难达到预期的教学效果。
综上，笔者的建议是，首先，教师在检测学习结果时，不应该只是注重学生的解题能力和实验操作能力，更应注重学生有没有用化学科学的眼光认识世界和用化学科学的方法解决问题。而后者才能影响学生的终生，帮助学生更好地适应生活，它不仅仅体现在化学学习中，更多地体现在学生的生活中。其次，在教学时，教师应该结合实际教学，尽量使学生明白这些实例与化学的关系和与生活的关系，多结合实际情况补充材料进行讲解，有条件的话，还可以组织课外活动，如参观化工厂、参观科学馆、实验室模拟化学现象等，从而培养和提高学生的科学素养。
三、结语
通过第一单元内容的分析比较，三个版本的教材各有所长，虽然教材对于教学来说只是一个知识框架或说是众多参考材料之一，但不能否认教材的重要地位。教材编写者应该结合教育学原理和教学实际，汲众家之所长，以提高教材的整体质量。教师应该在分析教材的基础上，结合教育思想和自己的教学理念及所教学生的实际状况，遵循课程目标，合理地设计教学内容，并根据教学理论设计教学过程，最终目标是使教材更好地为教材服务，提高教学质量。
参考文献
［１］胡美玲．化学（九年级）［Ｍ］．北京：人民教育出版社，２００６：１－２４
［２］毕华林，卢巍．化学（九年级）［Ｍ］．济南：山东教育出版，２００５：１－２６
［３］王祖浩，王磊．化学（九年级）［Ｍ］．上海：上海教育出版社，２００４：１－２４
［４］施良方．学习论［Ｍ］．北京：人民教育出版社，２００１：２２３－２２４，２６２－２６３，２２１
［５］熊士荣．新课程化学探究学习论［Ｍ］．北京：科学出版社，２０１０：３，１７，２５
［６］杨玉琴，王祖浩．中美高中化学教材中科学本质内容水平的比较及启示［Ｊ／ＯＬ］．ｈｔｔｐ：／／ｃｎｋｉ．ｈｕｎｎｕ．ｅｄｕ．ｃｎ／，２０１０／１２
［７］中国职工教育．科学素养［Ｊ／ＯＬ］．ｈｔｔｐ：／／ｃｎｋｉ．ｈｕｎｎｕ．ｅｄｕ．ｃｎ／，２０１０／０９
［８］焦禺．提高科学素养 培养创新精神［Ｊ／ＯＬ］．ｈｔｔｐ：／／ｃｎｋｉ．ｈｕｎｎｕ．ｅｄｕ．ｃｎ／，２０１０／０９
注：本文中所涉及到的图表、注解、公式等内容请以PDF格式阅读原文
作者：徐楠 肖小明 谢祥林 景一丹 周欣晔 王文 车晓霞
仁爱版九年级上册Unit 1 Topic1同步练习
一、根据句意及首字母提示完成单词。
1.Many countrysides in China have developed r
in recent years. 2.One of the most powerful forms of nonverbal(非语言的)c
is body language. 3.The b
is ringing.It’s time to work. 4.Last Sunday,Jim wrote a c
about Beijing Olympics. 5.I can’t find a p
pen to write with.
二、根据汉语提示完成句子
1.—
(顺便问一下)，where is our chairwoman?
—She has gone to an important meeting. 2.I often go to
(残疾儿童养育院)to take part in
volunteer acticities. 3.There are many children in West China still
(过着
艰苦的生活). 4.
(为了)practice oral English,Tom gets up early every day. 5.—How do you usually
(与„„保持联系)your parents?
—By telephone. 6.I have
(拟定)an outline of my compilation(编纂). 7.Thanks to your help,I have
(取得很大进步). 8.He is too young
(描述)the story
(详细地). 9.They don’t live
(遥远的). 10.Almost all parents hope that their children have the chance to
(受到良好的教育)and find good jobs.
三、用所给词的适当形式填空。
1.China is still a
(develop)country. 2.I
(be)to Lintong to see Terracotta Warriors twice. 3.He
(succeed)in finishing the project with his colleagues. 4.She completed her further
(educate)in 2008 and found a good job. 5.Many people in China are considering
(buy)a new car this year.
四、单项选择
(
)1.
Were Nanjing’s roads
in the past?
A.What;/
B.What;like
C.How;look
D.How;like (
)2.The government should give children in poor families lots of
.
A.supporting
B.supports
C.support
D.supportings (
)3.
The help of my teacher,I got
good education.
A.Under;a
B.With;a
C.Under;an
D.With;an (
)4.I won’t go to see the film tonight,because I
my ticket.
A.lost
B.have lost
C.will lose
D.didn’t have (
)5.—These students have been to the Ming Tombs.
—Really?When
there?
A.will they go
B.did they go
C.do they go
D.have they gone (
)6.Don’t worry.
A.Here the car comes.
B.Here comes the car.
第 2 页
C.Here the car is.
D.The car here comes. (
)7.—Is this Mr. Chen’s car?
—I don’t think so.He
pay for this kind of car.
A.can’t gone
B.have been
C.is rich enough to
D.wants to (
)8.—How do you like Hangzhou,Miss Read?
—I’ve no idea.I
there.
A.have gone
B.have been
C.haven’t gone
D.haven;t been (
)9.It’s a lovely dress,but it’s too dear.I can’t
it.
A.spend
B.pay
C.afford
D.cost (
)10.China
rapidly in recent years,but our country is still a
country,
A.develops;developing
B.develops;developed
C.has developed;developing
D.has developed;developed (
)11.—May I speak to John?
—Sorry,he
Japan.But he
in two days.
A.has been to;will come back
B.has gone to;will be back
C.has been in;would come back
D.has gone to;won’t come back (
)12.—
the soldiers are very tired,
they keep on working.
—They are great.We must learn from them.
A.Because;/
B.Though;/
C.Because;so
D.Though;but (
)13.—Will Chinese people have any problems talking with English in a fes years?
—I don’t think so.Now
the young
the old can speak some English.
A.either;or
B.not only;but also
C./;with
D.both;or (
)14.I sat in the front of the classroom
hear clearly.
A.so that
B.in order that
C.in order to
D.when (
)15.—I’m Yao Ming’s fan.I dreamt
him last night.
—Really?
A.with
B.on
C.about
D.at
五、情景交际
根据对话内容，从方框中选择适当的句子补全对话，其中有两项是多余的。 Tom:Hello!Glad to meet you! Mary:Hello! 1
Tom:May I ask you some questions? Mary:Sure. Tom:Are you familiar with Beijing? Mary:No,I’m not. Tom:How many times have you been to Beijing? Mary: 2
Tom:When did you go to Beijing last time? Mary: 3
A.、During the Olympic Games in 2008.
B、For half a month. C、Gld to meet you,too.
D、I want to improve my English. E、Only once.
F、I like it. G、The environment is enjoyable and the people are friendly,too. Tom:How long have you been there? Mary: 4 Have you ever been there? Tom:Yes,of course. Mary:What do you think of Beijing? Tom: 5
Mary:Would you like to go to Beijing again? Tom:Sure. Mary:Here comes the taxi. Tom:Hi!Taxi!(To Mary)Let’s get into it
第 3 页
六、完形填空
Most American families are smaller than those in other countries.Most American families have one or two
1 each.
Children in the U.S.A will
2 their parents’ home when they grow up.They usually live
3 their parents because they want to find good jobs.They often
4 to their parents or telephone them.And they often go to visit their parents on
5 .
Parents usually let their children choose their
6 jobs.Americans think it is
7 for young people to deoend on themselves.
Children are asked to do some work
8 their houses.Many families
9 children for doing some housework so that they can learn
10 to make meney for their own use.What about your family? (
)1.A.uncles
B.aunts
C.children
D.grandparents (
)2.A.leave
B.reach
C.love
D.hate (
)3.A.near
B.far from
C.next to
D.close to (
)4.A.come
B.drive
C.move
D.write (
)5.A.Monday
B.weekday
C.Friday
D.holiday (
)6.A.own
B.first
C.last
D.best (
)7.A.bad
B.possible
C.important
D.wrong (
)8.A.outside
B.around
C.except
D.beside (
)9.A.ask
B.make
C.pay
D.call (
)10.A.what
B.when
C.where
D.how
七、阅读理解。
A
Life in the future will be different from life today.Between then and now many changes will take place,but what will the changes be?
The population is growing fast.There will be many people in the world and most of sports,watching TV,traveling and surfing the Interner.Traveling will be much chaaper and easier.And more and more people will go to other countries for holidays.
There will be changes in our food,too.More land will be used for(将被用来)building new towns and houses for all people.Then there will be less room for cows and sheep,so meat will be more expensive.Maybe no one will eat it every day.Instead,they will eat more fruit and vegetables.Maybe people will be healthier.
Work in the future will be different,too.Dangerous and hard work will be done by robots.Because of this,many people will not have enough work to do.That will be a new problem. 根据短文内容选择最佳答案
(
)1.In the future,people don’t have to
.
A.work long hours
B.work fast
C.walk on foot
D.eat meat (
)2.People may not eat as much as they do today.
A.fruit
B.fish
C.meat
D.rice (
)3.One big problem in the future is that
.
A.many people don’t have to work
B.many people will not be able to find jobs
C.people won’t have enough food to eat
D.all the work will be done by robots (
)4.In the future,
.
A.meat will not be more expensive
B.computers will be less important
C.people will be too busy to do sports
D.traveling will not be expensive (
)5.The main idea of this passage is about
.
A.traveling
B.work
C.life in the future
D.food
B
In 1896,the first modern Olympic Games was held in Athens,Greece.Since then,many countries have successfully held the Olympics,such as England,France,Germany,Canada,the U.S.A.,Spain and Australlia.After more than a century,the games returned to its hometown.
When people hold the Olympic Games,they always make an emlem(会徽).The emblem of the Athens Olympic Games was a white circle of love branches in the sky.
In 2004,Athens developed a spirit of peace.An officer said,“While in Athens,the world should be at peace.We hope the peace is not just for a short time.We would like the message from the Athens Games to help countries come together and solve their problems.”
The Olympic Games has been held in China.And China has already made a seal(图章)as the emblem of the Beijing 2008 Olympic Games.The emblem has a single Chinese character on a red seal and means“Chinese seal——dancing Beijing”.The character in the emlem is “Jing”.It meas the capital of China and it is like a runner or a dancer.The running figure(人形)of the emblem shouws the spirit of the Olympics——faster,higher and stronger. 根据短文内容选择最佳答案。
(
)1.What’s the main idea of this passage?
A.An emblem.
B.The spirit of Olympic.
C.Modern Olympic Games.
D.Dancing Beijing (
)2.What do people always make when they hold the Olympic Games?
A.Pictures.
B.An emblem.
C.A flag
D.A map (
)3.What message does the Athens Olympic Games want to give?
A.War.
B.Luck.
C.Danger.
D.Peace. (
)4.How many years have passed when Athens again held the Olympic Games?
A.100
B.104
C.108
D.112 (
)5.The spirit of the Beijing 2008 Olympic Games is
.
A.history and friendship
B.faster,higher and stronger
C.running and dancing
D.peace,friendship and development 参考答案
一、1.rapidly
2.communication
3.bell
4.composition
5.proper
二、1.By the way
2.the disabled children’s home 3.having a hard life
4.In order to 5.keep in touch with
6.drawn up 7.made great progress
8.to describe;in detail 9.far away
10.receive/get a good education
三、1.developing
2.have been
3.succeeded
4.education
5.buying
四、1.B
2.C
3.B
4.B
5.B 6.B
7.B
8.D
9.C
10.C 11.B
12.B
13.B
14.C
15.C
五、1.C
2.E
3.A
4.B
5.G
六、1.C
2.A
3.B
4.D
5.D
6.A
7.C
8.B
9.C
10.D
七、A.1.A
2.C
3.B
4.D
5.C B.1.C
2.B
3.D
4.C
5.B
开场白
许多学生认为数学是枯燥的、乏味的。一些非数学老师在听完一堂数学课后，往往这样评价：思路清晰、语言精练、解题严谨，就是太乏味、缺少趣味性，让人昏昏欲睡。那么，如何调动学生的上课积极性，引发他们的好奇心?设计好“开场白”，非常关键。下面是数学课的几个片断：
动手实验式“开场白”：桌上摆满了切成各种形状的萝卜，大伙好像还在热列地讨论着什么。老师微笑问：“同学们，用一个平面去截一个正方体，截出的面可能是什么形状?”
悬念式“开场白”：老师一上讲台，故意神神秘秘地说“你们每人随便想一个自然数，将这个数乘5减7，再把结果乘2加14”。……“你们算得的结果个位数字一定是0”。顿时教室里象炸了锅似的，……“等你学了字母表示数，你也会算了”。……
故事式“开场白”：为了让学生体会图形的边长、周长、面积在变化过程中的关系，领会列方程解应用题时，关键是捕捉到不变的量。老师先给学生讲了一个故事：父亲的羊越来越多，想拆旧羊圈扩大面积，可是没有多余的篱笆，怎么办呢?他叫来了儿子,儿子不慌不忙地说：“爸，我有办法”。“你看，旧羊圈长70米，宽30米，面积2100平方米。如果改成50米见方的新羊圈，不用添篱笆，羊圈面积就有2500平方米”。
诸如此类的还有：“贴近生活式”开场白;“设疑式”开场白;“名言式”开场白;“趣味式”开场白;“实例式”开场白;“比喻式”开场白等等。向学生提出恰当的问题，激发起学生的兴趣，提高他们学习的积极性。
第二部分
阅读理解(共三节，满分40分) 第一节(共4小题;每小题2分，满分8分)
Americans use many expressions with the word dog. People in the United States love their dogs and treat them well. They take their dogs for walks, let them play outside and give them good food and medical care. However, dogs without owners to care for them lead a different life. The expression, “to lead a dog’s life”, describe a person who has a unhappy life.
Some people say we live in “a dog-eat-dog world”. That means many people are competing for the same things, like good jobs. They say that to be successful, a person has to “work like a dog”. This means they have to work very, very hard. Such hard work can make people “dog-tired”. And the situation would be even worse if they became “sick as a dog”.
Still, people say “every dog has its day”. This means that every person enjoys a successful period during his or her life. To be successful, people often have to learn new skills. Yet, some people say that “you can never teach an old dog new tricks(习惯)”. They believe that older people don’t like to learn new things and will not change the way they do things.
Dog expressions also are used to describe the weather. “The dog days of summer” are the hottest days of the year. A rainstorm may cool the weather. But we don’t want it to rain too hard. We don’t want it “to rain cats and dogs”.
根据材料内容，从下面选出恰当的短语或句子完成1-4小题，使句子通顺，意思完整，将相应的题号涂黑。每个句子或短语限用一次。 A. a dog-eat dog world B. the dog day of summer C. works like a dog D. sick as a dog E. you can never teach an old dog new tricks 21.—It is not easy to find a job, Jack.
--I agree with you. It is _____ 22. Mike is a good boy. H e looks after his old grandfather who is _____ 23. Jack _____every day in order to offer his two little brothers an good education. 24.This July is _____ . The temperature in many cities comes to 40℃ or more. 第二节(共12小题;每小题2分，满分24分)
A Do you know the old story about the hare and the tortoise? They had a running race, and the proud hare was slower than the tortoise. Now there is an interesting cartoon movie about it. It tells about the story of the hare’s son and the tortoise’s daughter. The hare’s son is very clever and the tortoise’s daughter likes singing and dancing. The father hare often remembers the first running race and feels regretful (懊悔的). He wants to show he is faster and better, so he joins a running
1 race with his son. The tortoise and his daughter join it , too. So the game begins. Two tortoises try their best to walk faster. But they meet some difficulties. They have to work together with the hares. On the way, they find it important to help each other. Though they are not the champion at last, they feel glad. The two families become good friends. They live a happy life. The movie is worth watching. There is something new and different in it. I am sure you will love the characters and the exciting journey. 25.In the old story, the hare and the tortoise had a _____and _____lost the game. A. running race; the hare B. running race; the tortoise C. basketball game; the tortoise D. climbing race; the hare 26. How many members of the two families take part in the new race? A. Two.
B. Three.
C. Four.
D. Five 27. During the race, they find it important to _____ A. run together
B. help each other
C. beat the others
D. win the game 28. Which of the following is NOT true? A. The hare’s son is very silly.
B. The father hare regrets the first running race. C. The father hare was proud in the old story. D. The tortoise’s daughter likes singing and dancing.
B
At present more and more people are crazy about travelling. Why do people travel? “To see more of the world” many people would say. But travelling abroad now means much more than that for the growing number of Chinese tourists. Of course it offers us good opportunities(机会) to meat people from other countries, learn about their culture and customs.
According to the United Nations World Tourism Organization(UNWTO), more than one billion people travelled to another country in 2012. In 2012, Chinese people travelled abroad 30 percent more than 2011.The prosperity(繁荣) of the tourism industry can also bring both our country and foreign countries great economic benefits(经济利益). Chinese people usually join large tourist group and visit several countries in one trip.
Chinese people don’t just travel for sightseeing. The China International Travel Service Company said that all their tour trips sold out a month before Christmas Day. Stores offered discounts(打折) during that time, so shopping in Europe and the United States is popular among Chinese travellers.
In December, China is going through a very cold winter. So many people like to go to some countries in Southeast Asia because the weather there is quite pleasant.
The improvement of living standards(水平) mean more Chinese can travel abroad. But many of them don’t have a sense of public manners. A report by Living Social website in March ,2012 even listed Chinese as the world’s worst tourists.
If you want to change that bad name, remember to avoid the following : littering, spitting, snatching bus seats, line-jumping, taking off shoes in public, talking loudly and smoking in non-smoking areas. Besides, we should learn some necessary manners of foreign countries, 29.Chinese people travel abroad not to _____. A. go shopping
B. see more of the world C. go sightseeing
D. make money 30. According to the United Nations World Tourism Organization(UNWTO),_____. A.30% of the people who travelled abroad are Chinese B. the number of people who travelled abroad rose by 30% C. more than 1 billion people travelled abroad in 2012 D. more than 1 billion Chinese people travelled abroad in 2012 31. As a good tourist, you should _____. A. litter and spit here and there B. jump the line and take off the shoes in public C. have a sense of public manners D. speak loudly and smoke as you like 32. What’s the best title of the passage? A. Travelling
B. Travelling abroad C. Chinese tourists
D. Chinese people like traveling C Application For Employment(求职申请) Name:
Harry Smith Address:
4224Maple Avenue Oakland, California Telephone Number: 555-1660 Work Experience Company Greenfield High School Position(职位) book seller; English teacher Work you did sold books; taught English Dates you worked 2008-2010; 2011-2013 Yearly pay(年薪) $10400; $27,500
Reason for leaving Got a job in California; got a job teaching in Ohio 33.What did Harry Smith do in 2011? A.An English teacher. B.A book seller. C.A secretary. D. A gatekeeper 34.If you know more about Harry Smith, you can call____. A.4224-1660 B.555-1666 C.4224-1666 D. 555-1660 35.Where does Harry Smith Live now? A.In New York. B.In California. C. In Ohio D. In Washington D.C. 36.In 2008 and 2009, Harry Smith got _____ in total from his work as a book seller A. $27,500 B. $10,400 C. $20,800 D. $55,000
3
第三节(共4小题，每小题2分，满分8分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。(其中有一项为多余选项)
Good evening, everyone! I am certain I wouldn’t be standing here if I hadn’t found out what I love to do. My speech topic is to work hard, support the family and keep a smile on your face.
37 I couldn’t get good grades in one time. I felt very upset because my report card let my family down. 38
Then Mr. Mckenzie, my principal, asked me what I could do to enjoy the subjects. After a month of searching for answers,
39 Soon later, I worked out what I could do to get the best out of the other topics. I started to enjoy it and I came to like the intellectual(智力的) challenge of thinking about something different. 40
With a big smile on my face, I think all the teachers and Principal McKenzie. I also thank my parents and my classmates as we have shared each others’ pain and success. Let us celebrate our graduation and look forward to a great party. Also let us think through how much stranger we are and the importance of finding what we love to do in life. Put a smile on your face and look forward to the next goal of challenges! Thank you! A. I realized I actually did like maths! B. That is not what they want for me. C. So, a smile reappeared on my face and I started to enjoy life all round. D. I was busy for sometime working hard but with no smile on my face. 第三部分
语言知识应用(共二节，满分25分)
第一节
单项选择(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
从下列A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳的一项，并将答题卡内相应的字母涂黑。 41. —Why are you laughing?
—Oh, I’ve just read
interesting story. A. a
B. the
C. an
D. / 42. — Is this your notebook?
—No, it isn’t. Ask Bill. He is looking for ___________. A. mine B. yours
C. hers
D. his 43. John always ______ a lot of money buying CDs. He ______ $8 for a new CD yesterday.
A. takes; paid
B. spends; took
C. spends; paid
D. takes; spent 44. She can hardly write her own name, ______?
A. can she
B. can’t she
C. does she
D. doesn’t she 45. — What did Mr Green say to you?
— “What a heavy rain! How did you come here?” He asked________.
A. at all B. in fact C. in surprise D. as a result 46 —The city of Wenzhou looks more and more beautiful.
—Yes. That’s because lots of trees ______ every year.
4 A. plant B. are planting C. are planted D. have planted 47. —You can use MSN to talk with Vivien on the Internet.
— I know. But can you tell me ________?
A. when I can use it B. what I can use it C. why can I use it D. how can I use it 48. —I’m worried about tomorrow’s math exam.
— ______ . I’m sure you will make it. A. Bad luck
B. What a pity
C. Take it easy
D. Don’t mention it
49.—Would you like some juice or coffee?
—__________. I want some water.
A. Either
B. Neither
C. Both
D. None 50. —How do you like the dishes, Eric?
— Fantastic! Nothing tastes ________.
A. nice B. better C. terrible D. worse 第二节
完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所给的四个选项中选出最佳的一项，并将答题卡内相应的字母涂黑。
Once there lived two brothers. The older was called Simon and the younger Victor. They 51 each very much, and always took care of on another. Every day they worked from morning 52 night, getting as much grain(谷物) as possible from their fields. One late autumn evening, after their work in the
53 was done, Simon said to his wife, “Victor got married last month. He has many bills to pay. I think I will put a bag of rice in his barn(谷仓). “That’s a good idea.” said his wife.“But please don’t tell him.” Said Simon, “If he knows I put the rice there, he will 54 take it.”
So, late night Simon took a bag of rice to victor’s barn. The next day, while looking at his own barn, he found
55
strange. “I took a bag of rice to Victor’s house last night,
56 I still have the same number of bags in my barn. 57
did that happen?”
Simon decided to take another bag of rice to his brother’s barn that night. But the next morning, he found the 58 number of bags in his barn again! “This is very strange.” He thought. That night he 59 again. He carried a large bag of rice on his shoulder, and walked down the road to his younger brother’s house. In the bright moonlight, he could see another 60 coming down the road. He was carrying something on his 61 ,too. “Younger brother!” Simon cried, “What are you doing?”
“I was 62 you, older brother,” said Victor. “Your family is 63 than mine. I thought you needed more rice.” The two brothers quickly 64 that they had been taking rice to each other. They 65 what had happened. “It is good to have a brother like you .” They both said. And they lived happily ever after. 51. A. disliked
B. hated
C. loved
D. enjoyed
52. A. until
B. at
C. through
D. with
5 53. A. shops
B. fields
C. hospitals
D. factories 54. A. never
B. sometimes
C. usually
D. ever 55. A. everything
B. anything
C. nothing
D. something 56. A. so
B. and
C. but
D. or 57. A. How
B. What
C. Why
D. Where 58. A. small
B. different
C. huge
D. same 59. A. planned
B. failed
C. hoped
D. tried
60. A. brother
B. person
C. sister
D. wife 61. A. back
B. shoulder
C. head
D. hand
62. A. proud of
B. polite to
C. angry with
D. worried about 63. A. smaller
B. richer
C. larger
D. happier 64. A. remembered
B. realized
C. imagined
D. explained 65. A. laughed about B. dreamed about C. pointed at
D .shouted at 第II卷
非选择题
(共三部分，满分39分) 注意：将答案写在答题纸上,写在本卷上无效。
第三节
语法填空
(共6小题;每小题1分，满分6分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(不多于3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Jane:
What are you doing, Kangkang? Kangkang: I
66
a novel named A Madman’s Diary (《狂人日记》). Jane: Who wrote it ? Kangkang: It 67
(write) by Lu Xun. It is the 68
(one) short story in the history of modern Chinese literature. Jane: Could you tell me more about him? Kangkang: Certainly. He was born in 1881 in Zhejiang Province. He went to Japan to study medicine when he was young. But he 69 (make) his mind and decided to offer the rest of his life to literature. Later, he became a great 70
(think) and revolutionary. Jane:
71
great he was! I’ll read as many of his works as I can. 第四节：完成句子：(共6小题;每小题1分，满分6分)
根据汉语意思完成句子，每空只填一词，缩写词为一个词。 72.实际上,水构成了人体的最大部分。
________ ________ , water makes up the largest part of human body. 73.—孩子们,请随便吃些鱼和牛肉。—谢谢。
—______ ______ to some fish and beef, boys and girls — Thank you. 74.吉姆在上交试卷前通常会仔细检查的。
Jim usually checks his test paper carefully before _____ it _____ . 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分23分)
第一节 阅读表达(共4小题：每小题2分，满分8分)
阅读下面一篇语言材料，按要求回答提出的问题，将答案写在答题卡上. Liu Qian is a magician from Taiwan. For the CCTV Spring Festival Gala (春晚) he put
6 on a three-part magic show. They were very successful. Now everyone is mad about magic. We all want to know how to do a trick! Liu didn’t go to any magic school. He learned by himself. He worked hard at it. Now he is a great magician. When Liu was seven, he saw a coin trick in a big store. At that moment Liu decided to learn Magic. Liu practiced hard to improve his skills. Then one day he was able to put on a show for his class. “I saw the surprise on everyone’s face. It was cool.”
Liu still practices hard today. He may spend three years working on a new show. Many of my classmates are in love with magic after Liu’s three-part magic show for the CCTV Spring Festival Gala. They’re studying how Liu’s tricks work. I hear that one boy can do the tricks in Liu’s show. He is a top student in my class. Everyone likes him. I can’t wait to see his shows! 75.把短文中划线句子译成汉语。(2分)
76. What does Liu Qian do? (2分)
____________________________. 77.改写同义句。(2分)
He may spend three years working on a new show. It may take him three years
on a new show. 78. How did Liu Qian learn magic?(2分) ____________________________.
第二节：书面表达 (满分15分)
紧张的初中学习生活就要结束了，你即将迎来一个轻松的暑假。 谈谈你的假期计划。
要求：
1、词数80～100;
2、文中不得出现真实的地址和姓名;
3、语句通顺、连贯，意思完整、正确，书写规范。 A Plan for My Summer Holiday ____________________________________________________________________________________________________
2009年新目标英语九年级上期末考试题及答案
第Ⅰ卷(选择题，共70分)
一、听力选择(满分25分)
A) 对话理解 (共15小题; 每小题1分，满分15分)
听下面15段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。每段对话读两遍。
1. What time are they going to start tomorrow? A. 10:10. B.9:50. C. 9:20 2. How often does Tom watch TV? A. Twice a week. B. Very often. C. Seldom. 3. How does Kate know about the weather tomorrow? A. On the radio. B. She guesses. C. Others tell her. 4. Who will receive the present? A. Bob. B. Father. C. Mother. 5. What color is Lily’s wallet? A. Black. B. Red. C. Black and red. 6. Where are they from? A. The USA. B. England. C. Australia 7. What season does Mr. Wang like best? A. Spring. B. Summer. C. Autumn. 8. How old is Liming now? A. 10. B. 18. C. 20 9. How much will the girl pay? A. 6 yuan. B. 8 yuan. C. 14 yuan. 10. What does Jim mean? A. He’ll go to the cinema. B. He won’t see the film. C. He won’t be free. 11. How many subjects is Kate learning now? A. 6. B. 7. C. 8. 12. What is the woman doing now? A. Looking for her daughter.. B. Chatting with the man. C. Shopping. 13. How much time is left for the woman? A. 20 minutes. B. 30 minutes. C. 40 minutes. 14. Where will they have an English party? A. At school. B. At Jim’s home. C. In the classroom. 15. Where was Wang Hai just now? A. In the classroom. B. On the way to the classroom. C. In the library.
B) 短文理解 (共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)
听下面的短文。短文后有5个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。短文读两遍。
16. What did Mike do before he went to bed last night? A. He went to the cinema. B. He watched TV. C. He talked with his mother. 17. Why couldn’t Mike wake up this morning? A. Because he went to bed too late last night. B. Because he didn’t go to bed until 12 last night. C. Because he stayed up until 3 this morning. 18. What did Mike have for breakfast this morning? A. Bread. B. Milk C. Nothing. 19. What did Mike leave when he left home this morning? A. His bike. B. His clock. C. His school bag. 20. How do you think Mike would feel this morning? A. Pleased. B. Angry. C. Sleepy.
二、选择填空(共25小题;每小题1分，满分25分)
A)单项填空 从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项， 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
21. I think this is _______ useful dictionary. A. very a B. very an C. quite a D. quite an 22. Be quiet, _______ you’ll wake up the baby. A. and B. but C. so D. or 23. I’d rather _______ than ______. A. read books; watch TV B. reading books; watching TV C. to read books; watch TV D. read books; to watch TV 24. Don’t open the windows, _______? A. shall we B. won’t you C. do you D. will you 25. _________ of the twins has been there before. A. Both B. Neither C. All D.None 26.—— What do you think of his surfing? ——Oh, no one does _____. A. good B. well C. better D. best 27.—— Mom, I think I’m ______ to get back to school. ——Oh, my dear. The doctor asked you to stay in bed for another day. A. so well B. so good C. well enough D. good enough 28. It’s time for supper. Let’s ______ something to eat. A. stop having B. stop to have C. stopping having D. stop to having 29. ——Did you go to Jack’s birthday party? ——No, I _____. A. am not invited B. wasn’t invited C. haven’t invited D. didn’
t invite 30. Would you please come over again _____ before you leave? A. sometimes B. some times C. sometime D. some time 31. ——Have you finished your report yet? ——No, I’ll finish it in ______ ten minutes. A.another B. other C. more D. less 32. I wish one day there could be a bridge ______ Taiwan _____ the mainland. A. between; and B. between; to C. from; and D. both; and 33. People didn’t know ______ during the night. A. what was happened B. what the murder happened C. what happened D. how the murder has happened 34. I learned she ______ the city for a long time. A. has been to B. has gone to C. had been in D. had gone to 35. One of the suspects is ______ schoolboy. A. a 18-year-old B. a 18 years old C. an 18 years old D an 18-year-old B) 完形填空 先通读下面的短文，掌握其大意， 然后在每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项， 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 These days it is found that school students hardly have any sports. Is it because they have no __36___ in sports? It may not be true. They often say they have __37__ more important things to do. What are these important things? Exams! They have to get themselves ready for all kinds of exams and tests in school, so many of them almost __38___ bookworms. In the past in the summer holidays, they could do ___39___ they like, but now they have to spend all their free time preparing for exams. So __40__ have kept them away going in for sports. Because of the pressure (压力)from their parents and teachers, they have to work harder and spend most of their time __41___ books. As for the students themselves, they don’t want to fail the exams because they want to continue their ___42___studies. So it becomes necessary to give ___43__ of their spare time to their studies and ____44__ up their school sports. It is true that a good education cannot go without physical training, and the same is true that a quick mind hardly goes along without ___45__ body. Without a strong body, you can never do anything well, then how can you make great success in life? 36. A. interested B. interesting C. interests D. interest 37. A. very B. much C. another D. most 38. A. turn B. look C. become D. grow 39. A. anything B. all what C. something D. nothing 40. A. teachers B. parents C. holidays D. studies 41. A. on B. at C. in D. to 42. A. farther B. far C. further D. furthest
43. A. few B. any C. all D. none 44. A. take B. give C. put D. send 45. A. strong B. ill C. weak D. heavy
三、阅读理解(共10小题; 每小题2分， 满分20分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项， 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
(A) Children’s education is changing very fast today. In the past, teachers made children sit quietly for hours. They made them remember all kinds of things. The children had to go on reading things again and again until they knew them “by heart”. Today many teachers wonder if it is possible to make children learn at all. They say you can only help them learn. They say you must let children learn and discover things for themselves. But for some of the children, school is a kind of place they cannot escape(逃避) from. They are there only because their parents make them go. They get out of the classroom as soon as the teachers let them leave. Many of them want to find jobs but the law(法律) will not let them work until they reach a certain (一定的) age. And so, they have to stay in school. Often they do not learn anything at all and hate every moment. 46. In the past, the students had to _______. A. sit quietly for hours B remember all kinds of things C. read things again and again D. do all of the above 47. Now many teachers think that ________. A. they don’t need to give the students lessons B. they should help the students discover things C. they shouldn’t let the students learn and discover things D. they can help the students and let them learn and discover things 48. Some of the students go to school because _________. A. they want to find some jobs B. they do not learn anything at all C. their parents make them go D. they hate school and stay there as a place to escape from (B) KARNISHAKUJI 4-162 Tokyo 145 October 24, 1999 Concord School of English 2 Essex St. Concord NH 03301 Dear Sir or Madam: One of the teachers at my school in Japan told me that your school has summer courses. I am planning to go to the US next summer and would like to take a short one-month course.
I am 18 years old and have been studying English for 6 years. I am going to study English at the university. I have ever been to a few courses, such as China, England, Korea, but never to the US, and I think a trip will help me improve my English. Could you send me a catalogue (目录) and application form? I would also like information about New Hampshire and other places nearby. I hope to do some traveling when the course is over. Thank you in advance, I look forward to your reply. Very truly yours, Mariko Kobori 49. When will Mariko Kobori take the summer course? A. In June, 1998 B. In May, 1999 C. In June, 2000 D. In July, 2001 50. Mariko Kobori wrote the letter to ___________. A. ask to take the next summer English course B. go to the US for summer holidays C. get some advice on how to learn English D. know about the Concord School of English 51. Right after the summer course, Mariko Kobori will probably________. A. go to the university in Japan B. work in the US. C. study English in New Hampshire D. take a trip in the US. (C) The following is an English news report from CCTV in Beijing. It is about forest fires in Indonesia. Thousands of hectares of forests there are still on fire. Li Fei, a reporter from CCTV, is in Indonesia and has this report. It’s now just three in the afternoon, but it seems like night-time. A thick smog is covering Indonesia and most of the countries in South-east Asia. Many people are wearing masks to cover their mouths and noses. One doctor said that living in this smog was like smoking 600 cigarettes a day. The fires are still burning. 8,500 Indonesian firefighters are trying to put out the fires, and another 2,000 are coming from around the world to help them. But the fires are too big to put out. The only thing that can put out them now is lots of rain, but the weather report says there will be no rain in the following weeks. Most of the fires were started by farmers who wanted to clear the land before planting new fields. But this year things were much worse than usual. They used fire to clear large areas of land bought by big companies quickly so that they could plant rice, palm trees or rubber trees. Second, a drought started many months ago, so the land is very dry. Lots of people have lost their lives because of the big fire, but the people of Indonesia are not really aware(明白) of the damage(破坏) these fires are causing. Protecting the environment is still a very new idea here. There are still groups of young men burning trees by roadside. They say they are clearing the land for farming. 52. In total, ________ people will be fighting the fires in Indonesia. A. 10,500 B. 2,000 C. 8,500 D. 600
53. Where is Li Fei now? A. In the TV news studio in Beijing. B. In the TV news studio in Indonesia. C. At the fire spots (现场) in Beijing. D. At the fire spots in Indonesia. 54. According to the report, ________. A. the firefighters will be able to put out the fires easily B. the fires can’t be put out immediately because there aren’t enough firefighters C. the fires will be put out soon because it will rain in the following days D. the fires can’t be put out now unless there’s lots of rain 55. Which of the following is NOT a reason for the fires in Indonesia? A. Farmers used fire to clear the land before planting new fields. B. Many Indonesians don’t understand the importance of environment protection. C. There was a serious drought in Indonesia many months ago. D. Many people in Indonesia smoke.
四、单词拼写(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
根据下列句子及所给汉语注释，写出空缺处各单词的正确形式。每空只写一词。 56. This old photo often __________ (使„想起) the old man of her past life. 57. This red sweater is too expensive. Would you please show me a _______ (便宜的) one? 58. Do you have any ________ (最新的) news? 59. The students all stood up when the teacher _______ (进入) the classroom. 60. Mr. Green put a lot of _______ (努力) into arranging the concert. 61. China is trying her best to develop its agriculture (农业) and _______ (工业). 62. His ________ (死) was a great loss to the whole world. 63. He is a _______ (幽默的) person and often tells funny stories to make others laugh. 64. How can you _________ (证明) that you have finished it? 65. Be careful! Your nose is still ___________ (流血).
五、连词成句(共6小题;每小题2分，连成句子每题1分;模仿造句每 题1分，满分12分)
请把所给的词汇连成一句语序正确的句子;然后写出一句结构相同的句子，该句至少有两个单词同所给的词汇不同。
例: 所给词汇：is, this lesson, interesting, very 连成句子：This lesson is very interesting. 模仿造句：This flower is very beautiful. 66. 所给词汇：can, think, a, he, don’t, ride, bike, I 连成句子：___________________________________________________________________ 模仿造句：__________________________________________________________________ 67. 所给词汇：a, chairs, a, there, the, table, few, is, and, room, in 连成句子：__________________________________________________________________ 模仿造句：__________________________________________________________________ 68所给词汇：his, pencil, my, longer, is, than
连成句子：___________________________________________________________________ 模仿造句：___________________________________________________________________ 69.所给词汇：his, friend, a, is, England, from, of 连成句子：_________________________________________________________________ 模仿造句：___________________________________________________________________ 70. 所给词汇：much, vegetables, juice, and, many, bought, he 连成句子：__________________________________________________________________ 模仿造句：___________________________________________________________________ 71.所给词汇：she, him, window, told, to, close, not, the 连成句子：__________________________________________________________________ 模仿造句：___________________________________________________________________
六、句子翻译(共六小题;每小题3分，满分18分) 72. 桑迪的舞跳得比她班级里任何一个其他学生都优美。
_______________________________________________________________________________ 73. 当我敲门的时候，史密斯一家在看足球赛。
_______________________________________________________________________________ 74. 这部喜剧是由王晶导演的。
_______________________________________________________________________________ 75. 直到那个婴儿睡着了，母亲才离开。
_______________________________________________________________________________ 76. 他说他以前从未看过如此令人激动的影片。
_______________________________________________________________________________ 77. 你下次最好不要迟到了。
_______________________________________________________________________________
七、书面表达(共1题;满分20分)
我们中大部分人喜欢看电视，看电视既有好处，也有坏处，请根据下表内容写一篇英语短文，字数80左右。 好处
帮助我们了解国内外发生的大事
无聊的时候帮助我们打发时间(kill the time)
有些节目可以帮助我们学到许多课外知识，如《动物世界》等等
坏处
看电视太多伤害眼睛
看电视太久，长时间坐着，缺乏锻炼，有害健康
有些节目不适合青少年观看，如爱情片，武打片等等，它们会给我们带来消极影响。 你对看电视的观点呢?请予以阐述。
______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ (请先用两分钟时间熟悉听力试题，然后再动笔答题。做题时，请先将答案划在试卷上。录音结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。) A) 对话理解 听下面15段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。每段对话读两遍。
1. W: What time shall we start tomorrow? What about ten to ten? M: Well, that’s too late. Shall we start half an hour earlier? W: OK, let’s meet at the zoo gate at that time tomorrow. 2. W: Do you often watch TV, Tom? M: No, not very often, just on Saturdays and Sundays. 3. M: What will the weather be like, Kate? W: It has rained for three days. I think it’ll be all right tomorrow. M: But how do you know that, on the radio or by guessing? W: Oh, I just guess. 4. W: What are you going to do, Bob? M: I will go to buy a present for my parent. W: Your mother? M: No. 5. W: Is this wallet yours, David? M: Let me have a look. It’s red, but mine is black. Maybe it’s Lily’s. 6. W: Excuse me, are you from Washington? M: No, we come from London. 7. W: Do you like spring or autumn, Mr. Wang? M: Oh, summer is my favorite. I like swimming very much. 8. W: Hi, Li Ming. You are so good at English. How long have you learned it? M: Well, since 2001. I was only ten years old when I started learning it. 9. W: Good morning. I’d like some tapes. How much is this one? M: Six yuan, and that one is eight yuan. W: OK, I’ll take both. 10. W: Will you be free this weekend, Jim? M: Let me see. Err„But why? W: I’ve got two tickets for the film Harry Potter. M: Great. I’ll certainly go with you. 11. M: Hello, Kate, how many subjects do you learn now? W: Well, we had six last year, but we have one more this year. 12. M: Good morning, madam, what can I do for you? W: I’m looking for a pair of shoes for my daughter. 13. W: Do you know what time it is? I am going to meet my friend at 1:30. M: It’s ten minutes to one by my watch. 14. M: Mum, we’ll have no class next Wednesday. W: What are you going to do then, Jim?
M: Ten boys in my class have decided to come to my home and we are going to have an English party. 15. M: Is Wang Hai in the classroom? W: No, he isn’t. He has just left. Maybe he is in the library at the moment. B) 短文理解 听下面的短文。短文后有5个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。短文读两遍。
Mike didn’t go to bed until very late last night. He watched a very interesting film on TV. He had to stay up late until two o’clock this morning because he wanted to see the end of the film. This morning his mother had to wake him up. He got up and washed his face in a hurry. He didn’t eat anything for breakfast. He ran fast all the way to the bus stop. When he saw the bus coming, he suddenly remembered that he had left his schoolbag at home. He put his textbooks and homework in it last night. He had to go back to get it. When he finally got to school, the English class was already over. 参考答案：
1—5 CABBB 6—10 BBBCA 11—15 BCCBA 16—20 BACCC 21—25 CDADB 26—30 CCBBC 31—35 AACCD 36—40 DBCAD 41—45 ACCBA 46—50 DDCCA 51—55 DADDD 56. reminds 57. cheaper 58. latest 59.entered 60. effort 61. industry 62. death 63 humorous 64. prove 65. bleeding 66. I don’t think he can ride a bike. 67. There is a table and a few chairs in the room. 68. My pencil is longer than his. 69. A friend of his is from England. 70. He bought much juice and many vegetables/ many vegetables and much juice. 71. She told him not to close the window. 72. Sandy dances more beautifully than any other student in her class. 73. The Smiths were watching a football match when I knocked on the door. 74. This comedy is/was directed by Wang Jing. 75. Mother didn’t leave until the baby fell asleep. 76. He said he had never seen/watched such an exciting film before. 77. You’d better not be late next time.
Most of us like to watch TV. By watching TV, we can learn what happened in China and other parts of the world. When we feel bored, TV can also help us kill the time. And some programmes such as Animals’ World can help us learn a lot. However, watching TV too much is bad for our eyes. If we spend too much time sitting in front of the TV set, we will have little time to exercise. It’s bad for our health. What’s more, some programmes like love stories and action films are not suitable for teenagers. They will have a bad effect on us. I think we can watch TV at the weekend so that we can relax after one-week hard work. But we should choose suitable programmes to watch. And we shouldn’t spend too much time in watching TV.
第一项：
姓名： 1. With the _______(战士) help, the boy could go to school again. 2. When they got there ,they found the old man had been _________(die) 3..Mario used to be very short.对划线部提问
______ ______Mario ______ to be? 4.I went to sleep last night . the door was open..(合并为一句) I went to sleep ______ the door _______ last night. 5. Don`t leave the room ____ the light on. (填介词) (
)6. His bike is broken .It needs___soon. A.be repair B.to mend C.to be repaired D.being mended (
)7. Sleeping with the lights on is a waste . You `d better ___ all the lights are off before you go to bed.
A. look for B.try out C. make sure D.think hard (
)8 I must get my breakfast ___now .A.cook B.to cook C.cooked
D.cooking
第二项：根据汉语意思完成句子
① We all
(以….为骄傲)our great country . ②Smoking is bad for your health . You`d better
(放弃). ③
(让它们感到惊讶的是)，all of them passed the exam in the end . ④He always ____________(与什么发生冲突)his parents . ⑤You should ____________(更加注意)your pronunciation . ⑥Worrying about things too much can make you ____________(感到有压力) 。 ⑦He went on working __________(即使)it rained heavily . ⑧Nothing can make him ____________(改变主意) 。
第三项：根据句意及首字母或汉语提示完成单词
①He worked for the 2008 Olympic Games as a __________(志愿者). ②If you have an o_______ to go aborad to study , don`t miss it . ③At p________, the students are under too much pressure . ④What does it______ you _____ (想起)
⑤The teenagers should be allowed to work for __________(当地的)villages. ⑥I think this way is good for ________(设计)uniforms. ⑦这些嗜好可能妨碍学校工作。These hobbies can ____ ____ ____ ____ ___ schoolwork. ⑧刘雨热衷于跑步。Liu yu ______ ______
_______running. 9.After lunch, I was beginning to feel _________(sleep) 10.The apartment block is dangerous.It should be _______ _______(pull down)
11.We would have finished the work if we __________(have) time. 12.What will happen if it rains tomorrow?(改为同义句) _______ _______it rains tomorrow?
第四项：单选
(
)13.She coughed _____looked____ill. A.terrible;terrible
B.terribly;terribly C.terrible;terribly D.terribly;terrible (
)14.Please give me ______on how to learn English well. A. an advice
B.a advice C.advice D.some advice (
)15.It give advice _______what to do next . A.in
B.at C.of D.on (
)16____a cinema at the corner in King Street but it closed a few days ago. A. There used to be B.There used to have C.It used to be D.It used to have (
)They are the students who___from that country.A come B to come; C comes (
)18.He pretended____a book when his father came back. A. to read B.to be reading C.reading D.to be read
(
)19Though it was late ,___he went on with his work . A.but B.and C.so D./ (
)20.Can you imagine what life will be like in ____ time ? A.20 years`
B.20 year`s C.20-years ` D.20-years
(
)21.This is the dictionary _____Mum gave me for my birthday
A.which
B.what
C,.whose
D.whom
(
)22.The mother would like ___ her ___at home . A. keep;stay
B.to keep ;to stay C.keep ;staying D.to keep ;staying
(
)23.I am considering ____aborad , I can`t decide which country is the best . A. studying
B.study C.to study
D.to studying
(
)24.We must ________a plan to improve your math . A.pick up B. catch up with C. come up with
D. make up
(
)25.My cousin read a history book _______. A. So John does B. So did John
C. So does John D. So John did
(
)26.I’d rather die than___him for help. A.ask; B.to ask; C.asking; D.will ask(
)27.A: Where do you work? B: I work for a company ____sells cars.
A where
B what
c which
D who 28.It`s ________ to _______a taxi (乘出租车很方便)in the city . 29.When he rode his bike faster than ________(unusual),he fell down . 30 When my mother came back , I pretended________(sleep) 31.It must be Lucy _______(sing) in the next room . 32. ____ ________(一般来说|),most people like to live somewhere quiet 33.If I _______(be ) a bird ,I ______(fly ) to the south in winter . 34.If she _______(be) a little fatter ,she ______(be) more beauiful . 35.________(fortunate) ,he was late for school. 36.If I _____ you ,I would shty here . 37.The film are wery ____________(success).
号考 号 考 名 姓 名 姓级 班 级 班 校 学 校学
2015年 初 三 一 练
4、“中国梦是民族的梦，也是每个中国人的梦。”“国家好、民族好，大家才好。”这启示我们(
)
政治试题
A、要正确认识和处理国家利益、集体利益、个人利益之间的关系
时间:2015.4
B、国家利益和个人利益是完全一致的 注意事项：
1、本试题分第Ⅰ卷和第Ⅱ卷两部分。第Ⅰ卷为选择题，16分;第Ⅱ
C、国家利益要服从个人利益
D、任何时候都要牺牲个人利益，维护集体利益
卷为非选择题，34分;共50分。考试时间为60分钟。
5、2014年11月1日，十二届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第十一次会议表
2、答题卡上考生信息填涂部分及客观题答题区，使用2B铅笔，如需改动，必须先决通过关于修改行政诉讼法的决定，修改后行政诉讼法将于2015年5月1日施行。从上述材料中你可以获取的信息有( )
用橡皮擦干净，再改涂其它答案;考生信息填写部分及非选择题答题区，使用0.5毫米
①人民代表大会制度是我国的根本政治制度
的黑色墨水签字笔填写。
②全国人民代表大会及常务委员会是我国的立法机关 ③人民代表大会是我国的最高国家权力机关
3、考生要按照要求在各题目的答题区域内作答，超出限定区域的答案无效。答题过程中④我国各级人大代表由人民民主选举产生
如需要对答案进行修改，要用修改符号“==”将要修改的答案划去，新答案书写在划去答案A、①②
B、①③
C、②③
D、①④
6、2015年1月7日，中央纪委副书记、监察部部长黄树贤在新闻发布会上的上方、下方或后面，但不能超出该题的答题区域。答案修改严禁使用涂改液、涂改胶条等说，保持惩治腐败高压态势，遏制腐败蔓延势头。周永康、蒋洁敏、李东生、李崇禧、申维辰等涉嫌犯罪已被移送司法机关依法处理;目前，正在立案审查的还辅助物。
有令计划、苏荣等案件。这些措施(
)
4、答第Ⅰ卷前务必将考生信息(姓名、考号、考试科目)涂写在答题卡上。①能够彻底消除违纪违法行为
②是落实依法治国基本方略的举措
考试结束，试题和答题卡一并收回。
③体现了法律对全体社会成员具有普遍约束力
第卷(选择题 共16分)
④体现了中国共产党反腐倡廉的坚强决心
一、选择题.(本大题共8小题，在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一
A、①②③
B、①③④
C、②③④
D、①②④ 项是正确的，请把正确的选项选出来，每小题选对得2分，选错、不
7、党的十八届三中全会审议通过了《中共中央关于全面深化改革若干重大问选或选出的答案超过一个均记零分,请将答案写在答题卡上)
题的决定》，明确将围绕经济体制、政治体制、文化体制、社会体制、生态文明体
1、2014年8月31日，第十二届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第十次会议通制全面进行改革。之所以要全面深化各领域改革，是因为改革是(
)
过决定，将9月30日设立为(
)
A、必然选择，是社会发展的直接动力。
A、中国人民抗日战争胜利纪念日
B、国家宪法日 B、强国之路，是人民生活水平提高的重要保证
C、南京大屠杀死难者国家公祭日
D、烈士纪念日 C、立国之本，是党和国家生存和发展的政治基石
2、2014年7月15日，金砖国家领导人第六次会晤在巴西福塔莱萨开始举行。D、兴国之要，是解决我国当前一切问题的关键
五国领导人决定，成立金砖国家开发银行，总部设在(
)
8.中国共产党成立以来，中国经历了“站起来——富起来——逐步强起来”
A、印度孟买
B、中国上海
C、俄罗斯莫斯科
D、巴西里约热内卢 的发展历程。我国实现由“富起来”到“逐步强起来”的根本保证是( )
3、“残年风烛，发出微弱的光，苍老的手，在人间写下大爱。”高龄孤寡老人A.坚持了中国共产党的领导 B.坚持了独立自主的和平外交政策 刘盛兰拾荒助学子的感人事迹告诉我们，生命的真谛在于(
)
C.坚持了依法治国的基本方略 D.坚持了中国特色社会主义理论体系
A、帮助他人，成就自我
B、不断进取，发展自我
C、珍爱生命，悦纳自我
D、冷静客观，认识自我
九年级政治学科试题 第 1 页 共二页
第卷(非选择题 共34分)
二、情景分析(每小题6分，共12分)
9、2014年10月10日，“寻找最美孝心少年”大型公益活动颁奖典礼上，王丹等10名少年获评2014年“最美孝心少年”。典礼以“聚焦爱亲孝亲故事、放大榜样力量、培育传统美德、弘扬社会主义核心价值观”为主题。典礼展现了“孝心少年”孝敬父母长辈、面对困难勇敢不屈、乐观坚强的感人事迹，以及他们美好的人生梦想和巨大的精神力量，让人们不仅收获感动，更有榜样的昭示、爱心的传递和正能量的传播。
“最美孝心少年”向人们传递了哪些正能量?(6分)
10、中国青少年研究中心发布的调研报告指出，青春期“叠加”留守使得“初二现象”更为显著，初二年级的留守学生在学习和校园生活方面遇到的障碍更多，他们的叛逆、困惑、躁动、焦虑，没有学习兴趣，没有学习激情，厌学逃学现象严重，不愿与父母交流，与父母的关系更差。
如何看待留守学生的“初二现象”?(6分)
三：价值判断(下列各题的叙述中，都包含一定的价值标准或者是行为选择，请予以判断，在括号内写明“正确”或“错误”，并简要说明理由。每小题3分，共12分)
11、初中学生小东把传播、转发一些不良信息作为一种乐趣，以缓解学习上的压力。
12、针对社会上倡导的“光盘行动”，小丽说：“我国国内生产总值已跃升至世界第二位，基本国情已经发生了根本性的改变，光盘行动多此一举。”
13、全面建成小康社会，必须弘扬以爱国主义为核心的民族精神。
14、初中生小峰，因父亲开了火锅店需要人手帮忙，就主动放弃学业来店里帮父亲。
四、探究实践(共10分)
材料一：2014年11月1日，十二届全国人大常委会第十一次会议审议通过了关于设立国家宪法日的决定，明确将12月4日设立为国家宪法日，国家通过多种形式开展宪法宣传教育活动。
材料二：2014年10月20日至23日，中国共产党第十八届中央委员会第四次全体会议在北京召开。全会审议通过了《中共中央关于全面推进依法治国若干重大问题的决定》。 运用所学知识回答：
1.为什么要设立“宪法日”?(2分)
2.十八届四中全会把“依法治国”作为主题，有何重大意义?(4分)
3.为落实依法治国基本方略、建设社会主义法治国家，我们青少年应该怎么做? (4分)
九年级政治学科试题 第 2 页 共二页
推荐阅读：
九年级英语试题一06-12
(初中英语)九年级英语上册教学计划06-20
九年级英语八单元教案06-12
九年级英语教师的工作总结06-06
九年级期中考试英语作文：感谢父母06-08
九年级全一册英语复习06-24
九年级英语上学期Lesson 8 教案06-07
下学期九年级英语教学工作计划06-09
九年级2022学期英语老师教学工作计划06-16
九年级英语教师的个人教学工作总结06-24
