中国共产党章程中英文（精选8篇）
(Amended and adopted at the Seventeenth National Congress of the Communist Party of China on October 21, 2007)
General Program
The Communist Party of China is the vanguard both of the Chinese working class and of the Chinese people and the Chinese nation.It is the core of leadership for the cause of socialism with Chinese characteristics and represents the development trend of China’s advanced productive forces, the orientation of China’s advanced culture and the fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of the Chinese people.The realization of communism is the highest ideal and ultimate goal of the Party.The Communist Party of China takes Marxism-Leninism, Mao Zedong Thought, Deng Xiaoping Theory and the important thought of Three Represents as its guide to action.Marxism-Leninism brings to light the laws governing the development of the history of human society.Its basic tenets are correct and have tremendous vitality.The highest ideal of communism pursued by the Chinese Communists can be realized only when the socialist society is fully developed and highly advanced.The development and improvement of the socialist system is a long historical process.So long as the Chinese Communists uphold the basic tenets of Marxism-Leninism and follow the road suited to China’s specific conditions and chosen by the Chinese people of their own accord, the socialist cause in China will be crowned with final victory.The Chinese Communists, with Comrade Mao Zedong as their chief representative, created Mao Zedong Thought by integrating the basic tenets of Marxism-Leninism with the concrete practice of the Chinese revolution.Mao Zedong Thought is Marxism-Leninism applied and developed in China;it consists of a body of theoretical principles concerning the revolution and construction in China and a summary of experience therein, both of which have been proved correct by practice;and it represents the crystallized, collective wisdom of the Communist Party of China.Under the guidance of Mao Zedong Thought, the Communist Party of China led the
people of all ethnic groups in the country in their prolonged revolutionary struggle against imperialism, feudalism and bureaucrat-capitalism, winning victory in the new-democratic revolution and founding the People’s Republic of China, a people’s democratic dictatorship.After the founding of the People’s Republic, it led them in carrying out socialist transformation successfully, completing the transition from New Democracy to socialism, establishing the basic system of socialism and developing socialism economically, politically and culturally.After the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Party Central Committee, the Chinese Communists, with Comrade Deng Xiaoping as their chief representative, analyzed their experience, both positive and negative, gained since the founding of the People’s Republic, emancipated their minds, sought truth from facts, shifted the focus of the work of the whole Party onto economic development and carried out reform and opening to the outside world, ushering in a new era of development in the cause of socialism, gradually formulating the line, principles and policies concerning the building of socialism with Chinese characteristics and expounding the basic questions concerning the building, consolidation and development of socialism in China, and thus creating Deng Xiaoping Theory.Deng Xiaoping Theory is the outcome of the integration of the basic tenets of Marxism-Leninism with the practice of contemporary China and the features of the times, a continuation and development of Mao Zedong Thought under new historical conditions;it represents a new stage of development of Marxism in China, it is Marxism of contemporary China and it is the crystallized, collective wisdom of the Communist Party of China.It is guiding the socialist modernization of China from victory to victory.After the Fourth Plenary Session of the Thirteenth Party Central Committee and in the practice of building socialism with Chinese characteristics, the Chinese Communists, with Comrade Jiang Zemin as their chief representative, acquired a deeper understanding of what socialism is, how to build it and what kind of party to build and how to build it, accumulated new valuable experience in running the Party and state and formed the important thought of Three Represents.The important thought of Three Represents is a continuation and development of Marxism-Leninism, Mao Zedong Thought and Deng Xiaoping Theory;it reflects new requirements for the work of the Party and state arising from the developments and changes in China and other parts of the world today;it serves as a powerful theoretical weapon for strengthening and improving Party building and for promoting self-improvement and
development of socialism in China;and it is the crystallized, collective wisdom of the Communist Party of China.It is a guiding ideology that the Party must uphold for a long time to come.Persistent implementation of the Three Represents is the foundation for building the Party, the cornerstone for its governance and the source of its strength.Since the Sixteenth National Congress, the Central Committee of the Party has followed the guidance of Deng Xiaoping Theory and the important thought of Three Represents and, by pooling the wisdom of the whole Party to meet new requirements of development, formulated the Scientific Outlook on Development, which puts people first and calls for comprehensive, balanced and sustainable development.The outlook is a scientific theory that is in the same line as Marxism-Leninism, Mao Zedong Thought, Deng Xiaoping Theory and the important thought of Three Represents and keeps up with the times.It is an important guiding principle for China’s economic and social development and a major strategic thought that must be upheld and applied in developing socialism with Chinese characteristics.The fundamental reason behind all of China’s achievements and progress since the reform and opening up policy was introduced is, in the final analysis, that the Party has blazed a path of socialism with Chinese characteristics and established a system of theories of socialism with Chinese characteristics.All Party members must cherish the path and the system that the Party explored and created after going through all the hardships, keep to the path and uphold the system for a long time to come and constantly develop them.They must hold high the great banner of socialism with Chinese characteristics and strive to fulfill the three historical tasks of advancing the modernization drive, achieving national reunification, and safeguarding world peace and promoting common development.China is in the primary stage of socialism and will remain so for a long time to come.This is a historical stage which cannot be skipped in socialist modernization in China which is backward economically and culturally.It will last for over a hundred years.In socialist construction the Party must proceed from China’s specific conditions and take the path of socialism with Chinese characteristics.At the present stage, the principal contradiction in Chinese society is one between the ever-growing material and cultural needs of the people and the low level of production.Owing to both domestic circumstances and foreign influences, class struggle will continue to exist within a certain scope for a long time and may possibly grow acute under certain
conditions, but it is no longer the principal contradiction.In building socialism, the basic task is to further release and develop the productive forces and achieve socialist modernization step by step by carrying out reform in those aspects and links of the production relations and the superstructure that do not conform to the development of the productive forces.The Party must uphold and improve the basic economic system, with public ownership playing a dominant role and different economic sectors developing side by side, as well as the system of distribution under which distribution according to work is dominant and a variety of modes of distribution coexist, encourage some areas and some people to become rich first, gradually eliminate poverty, achieve common prosperity, continuously meet the people’s ever-growing material and cultural needs on the basis of the growth of production and social wealth and promote people’s all-round development.Development is the Party’s top priority in governing and rejuvenating the country.The general starting point and criterion for judging all the Party’s work should be how it benefits development of the productive forces in China’s socialist society, adds to the overall strength of socialist China and improves the people’s living standards.The Party must respect work, knowledge, talent and creation and ensure that development is for the people, by the people and with the people sharing in its fruits.The beginning of the new century marks China’s entry into the new stage of development of building a moderately prosperous society in all respects and accelerating socialist modernization.The Party must promote all-round economic, political, cultural and social development in accordance with the overall arrangements for the cause of socialism with Chinese characteristics.The strategic objectives of economic and social development at this new stage in the new century are to consolidate and develop the relatively comfortable life initially attained, bring China into a moderately prosperous society of a higher level to the benefit of well over one billion people by the time of the Party’s centenary and bring the per capita GDP up to the level of moderately developed countries and realize modernization in the main by the time of the centenary of the People’s Republic of China.The basic line of the Communist Party of China in the primary stage of socialism is to lead the people of all ethnic groups in a concerted, self-reliant and pioneering effort to turn China into a prosperous, strong, democratic, culturally advanced and harmonious modern socialist country by making economic development the central
task while upholding the Four Cardinal Principles and the reform and opening up policy.In leading the cause of socialism, the Communist Party of China must persist in taking economic development as the central task, making all other work subordinate to and serve this central task.The Party must lose no time in speeding up development, implement the strategy of rejuvenating the country through science and education, the strategy of strengthening the nation with trained personnel and the strategy of sustainable development, and give full play to the role of science and technology as the primary productive force.The Party must take advantage of the advancement of science and technology to improve the quality of workers and promote sound and rapid development of the national economy.The Four Cardinal Principles – to keep to the socialist road and to uphold the people’s democratic dictatorship, leadership by the Communist Party of China, and Marxism-Leninism and Mao Zedong Thought – are the foundation on which to build the country.Throughout the course of socialist modernization the Party must adhere to the Four Cardinal Principles and combat bourgeois liberalization.Reform and opening up are the path to a stronger China.The Party must carry out fundamental reform of the economic structure that hampers the development of the productive forces, and keep to and improve the socialist market economy;it must also carry out corresponding political restructuring and reform in other fields.The Party must adhere to the basic state policy of opening up and assimilate and exploit the achievements of all other cultures.It must be bold in making explorations and breaking new ground in reform and opening up, make its reform decisions more scientific, better coordinate its reform measures and blaze new trails in practice.The Communist Party of China leads the people in developing the socialist market economy.It unwaveringly consolidates and develops the public sector of the economy and unswervingly encourages, supports and guides the development of the non-public sector.It gives play to the basic role of market forces in allocating resources and works to set up a sound system of macroeconomic regulation.The Party works to balance urban and rural development, development among regions, economic and social development, relations between man and nature, and domestic development and opening to the outside world, adjust the economic structure, and transform the pattern of economic development.It is dedicated to building a new socialist countryside, taking a new path of industrialization with Chinese
characteristics, and making China an innovative country and a resource-conserving, environment-friendly society.The Communist Party of China leads the people in promoting socialist democracy.It integrates its leadership, the position of the people as masters of the country, and the rule of law, takes the path of political development under socialism with Chinese characteristics, expands socialist democracy, improves the socialist legal system, builds a socialist country under the rule of law, consolidates the people’s democratic dictatorship, and builds socialist political civilization.It upholds and improves the system of people’s congresses, the system of multiparty cooperation and political consultation under its leadership, the system of regional ethnic autonomy, and the system of self-governance at the primary level of society.It takes effective measures to protect the people’s right to manage state and social affairs as well as economic and cultural programs.It respects and safeguards human rights.It encourages the free airing of views and works to establish sound systems and procedures of democratic election, decision-making, administration and oversight.It strengthens state legislation and law enforcement so as to bring all work of the state under the rule of law.The Communist Party of China leads the people in developing an advanced socialist culture.It promotes socialist cultural and ethical progress, combines the rule of law and the rule of virtue in running the country and works to raise the ideological and moral standards and scientific and educational levels of the entire nation so as to provide a powerful ideological guarantee, motivation and intellectual support for reform, opening up and socialist modernization.It adheres to Marxism as its guiding ideology, fosters the common ideal of socialism with Chinese characteristics, promotes patriotism-centered national spirit and the spirit of the times centering on reform and innovation and advocates the socialist maxims of honor and disgrace.It works to enhance the people’s sense of national dignity, self-confidence and self-reliance, resist corrosion by decadent capitalist and feudal ideas and wipe out all social evils so that the people will have high ideals, moral integrity, a good education and a strong sense of discipline.It also needs to imbue its members with the lofty ideal of communism.The Party strives to develop educational, scientific and cultural programs, carry forward the fine traditional culture of the Chinese nation, and develop a thriving socialist culture.The Communist Party of China leads the people in building a harmonious socialist society.In accordance with the general requirements for democracy and the rule of law, equity and justice, honesty and fraternity, vigor and vitality, stability and order, and harmony between man and nature and the principle of all the people building and sharing a harmonious socialist society, the Party focuses its efforts on improving people’s lives by solving the most specific problems of the utmost and immediate concern to the people and strives to create a situation in which all people do their best, find their proper places in society and live together in harmony.The Party strictly distinguishes between the two different types of contradictions – those between ourselves and the enemy and those among the people – and works to handle them correctly.It will strengthen comprehensive measures to maintain law and order, and resolutely combat criminal activities that endanger national security and interests, social stability and economic development and bring criminals to justice in accordance with the law, so as to maintain lasting social stability.The Communist Party of China persists in its leadership over the People’s Liberation Army and other armed forces of the people, builds up the strength of the People’s Liberation Army, ensures that it accomplishes its historical missions at this new stage in the new century, and gives full play to its role in consolidating national defense, defending the motherland and participating in the socialist modernization drive.The Communist Party of China upholds and promotes socialist ethnic relations based on equality, solidarity, mutual assistance and harmony, actively trains and promotes cadres from among ethnic minorities, helps ethnic minorities and ethnic autonomous areas with their economic, cultural and social development, and ensures that all ethnic groups work together for common prosperity and development.The Party strives to fully implement its basic principle for its work related to religious affairs, and rallies religious believers in making contributions to economic and social development.The Communist Party of China rallies all workers, farmers and intellectuals, and all the democratic parties, personages without party affiliation and the patriotic forces of all ethnic groups in China in further expanding and fortifying the broadest possible patriotic united front embracing all socialist workers, all builders of the cause of socialism and all patriots who support socialism or who support the reunification of the motherland.The Party will constantly strengthen the unity of all the Chinese
people, including the compatriots in Hong Kong and Macao special administrative regions and in Taiwan as well as overseas Chinese.It will promote long-term prosperity and stability in Hong Kong and Macao and complete the great cause of reunifying the motherland in conformity with the principle of “one country, two systems.” The Communist Party of China adheres to an independent foreign policy of peace, follows the path of peaceful development and a win-win strategy of opening up, takes both the domestic and international situations into consideration, and vigorously develops relations with other countries in order to bring about a favorable international environment for China’s reform, opening up and modernization.In international affairs, it safeguards China’s independence and sovereignty, opposes hegemonism and power politics, defends world peace, promotes human progress, and pushes for the building of a harmonious world of lasting peace and common prosperity.It develops relations between China and other countries on the basis of the five principles of mutual respect for sovereignty and territorial integrity, mutual nonaggression, noninterference in each other’s internal affairs, equality and mutual benefit, and peaceful coexistence.It strives for the constant development of good-neighborly relations between China and the surrounding countries and for the strengthening of the unity and cooperation between China and other developing countries.The Communist Party of China develops relations with communist parties and other political parties in other countries in accordance with the principles of independence, complete equality, mutual respect and noninterference in each other’s internal affairs.In order to lead the people of all ethnic groups in China in attaining the great goal of socialist modernization, the Communist Party of China must adhere to its basic line, strengthen its governance capability and vanguard nature, and comprehensively carry forward the great new undertaking to build itself in a spirit of reform and innovation.The Party must steadfastly build itself for public interests, exercise governance for the people, practice self-discipline, be strict with its members, and carry forward its fine traditions and style of work.It must constantly improve its art of leadership and governance, raise its ability to resist corruption, prevent degeneration and withstand risks, constantly strengthen its class foundation, expand its mass base and enhance its creativity, cohesion and combat effectiveness, so that it will stand forever in the forefront of the times and make itself a strong nucleus that can lead all the Chinese
people in the unceasing march along the road of socialism with Chinese characteristics.In building itself, the Party must be determined to meet the following four essential requirements: First, adhering to the Party’s basic line.The whole Party must achieve unity in thinking and in action with Deng Xiaoping Theory, the important thought of Three Represents and the Party’s basic line, thoroughly apply the Scientific Outlook on Development and persevere in doing so for a long time to come.The Party must integrate the reform and opening up policy with the Four Cardinal Principles, carry out its basic line in all fields of endeavor, implement in an all-round way its basic program for the primary stage of socialism and combat all “Left” and Right erroneous tendencies, maintaining vigilance against Right tendencies, primarily against “Left” tendencies.The Party must intensify the building of leading bodies at all levels, selecting and promoting cadres who have scored outstanding achievements in their public service and have won the trust of the masses in reform, opening up and the modernization drive, and train and cultivate millions upon millions of successors to the cause of socialism, thus ensuring organizationally the implementation of the Party’s basic theory, line, program and experience.Second, persevering in emancipating the mind, seeking truth from facts and keeping up with the times.The Party’s ideological line is to proceed from reality in handling all matters, to integrate theory with practice, to seek truth from facts, and to verify and develop the truth through practice.All Party members must adhere to this ideological line, promote the truth-seeking and pragmatic spirit, explore new ways, boldly experiment with new methods, go in for innovation, work creatively, constantly study new situations, review new experience and solve new problems, enrich and develop Marxism in practice, and advance the endeavor to adapt Marxism to Chinese conditions.Third, persevering in serving the people wholeheartedly.The Party has no special interests of its own apart from the interests of the working class and the broadest masses of the people.At all times the Party gives top priority to the interests of the people, shares weal and woe with them, maintains the closest possible ties with them, and persists in exercising power for them, showing concern for them and working for their interests, and it does not allow any member to become divorced from the masses or place himself or herself above them.The Party follows the mass line in its work, doing everything for the masses, relying on them in every task, carrying out the
principle of “from the masses, to the masses,” and translating its correct views into action by the masses of their own accord.The biggest political advantage of the Party lies in its close ties with the masses while the biggest potential danger for it as a ruling party comes from its divorce from them.The Party’s style of work and its maintenance of ties with the masses of the people are a matter of vital importance to the Party.The Party will establish a sound system for punishing and preventing corruption by fighting it in a comprehensive way, addressing both its symptoms and root cause and combining punishment with prevention, with the emphasis on prevention.The Party will persistently oppose corruption and step up efforts to improve its style of work and uphold integrity.Fourth, upholding democratic centralism.Democratic centralism is a combination of centralism on the basis of democracy and democracy under centralized guidance.It is the fundamental organizational principle of the Party and is also the mass line applied in the Party’s political activities.The Party must fully expand intra-Party democracy, safeguard the democratic rights of its members, and give play to the initiative and creativity of Party organizations at all levels as well as its members.Correct centralism must be practiced so as to ensure the solidarity, unity and concerted action in the whole Party and prompt and effective implementation of its decisions.The sense of organization and discipline must be strengthened, and all members are equal before Party discipline.Oversight of leading Party organs and of Party members holding leading positions must be strengthened and the system of intra-Party oversight constantly improved.In its internal political activities, the Party conducts criticism and self-criticism in the correct way, waging ideological struggles over matters of principle, upholding truth and rectifying mistakes.Diligent efforts must be made to create a political situation in which there are both centralism and democracy, both discipline and freedom, both unity of will and personal ease of mind and liveliness.Leadership by the Party means mainly political, ideological and organizational leadership.The Party must meet the requirements of reform, opening up and socialist modernization, persist in scientific, democratic and law-based governance, and strengthen and improve its leadership.Acting on the principle that the Party commands the overall situation and coordinates the efforts of all quarters, the Party must play the role as the core of leadership among all other organizations at the corresponding levels.It must concentrate on leading economic development, organize
and coordinate all forces in a concerted effort to focus on economic development and promote all-round economic and social development.The Party must practice democratic and scientific decision-making;formulate and implement the correct line, principles and policies;do its organizational, publicity and educational work well and make sure that all Party members play an exemplary and vanguard role.The Party must conduct its activities within the framework of the Constitution and laws of the country.It must see to it that the legislative, judicial and administrative organs of the state and the economic, cultural and people’s organizations work with initiative and independent responsibility and in unison.The Party must strengthen its leadership over trade unions, the Communist Youth League, women’s federations and other mass organizations, and give full scope to their roles.The Party must adapt itself to the march of events and changing circumstances, improving its system and style of leadership and raising its governance capability.Party members must work in close cooperation with non-Party persons in the common endeavor to build socialism with Chinese characteristics.Chapter I Membership
Article 1.Any Chinese worker, farmer, member of the armed forces, intellectual or any advanced element of other social strata who has reached the age of eighteen and who accepts the Party’s program and Constitution and is willing to join and work actively in one of the Party organizations, carry out the Party’s resolutions and pay membership dues regularly may apply for membership in the Communist Party of China.Article 2.Members of the Communist Party of China are vanguard fighters of the Members of the Communist Party of China must serve the people wholeheartedly, Chinese working class imbued with communist consciousness.dedicate their whole lives to the realization of communism, and be ready to make any personal sacrifices.Members of the Communist Party of China are at all times ordinary members of the working people.Communist Party members must not seek any personal gain or
privileges, although the relevant laws and policies provide them with personal benefits and job-related functions and powers.Article 3.Party members must fulfill the following duties: 1)To conscientiously study Marxism-Leninism, Mao Zedong Thought, Deng Xiaoping Theory and the important thought of Three Represents, study the Scientific Outlook on Development, study the Party’s line, principles, policies and resolutions, acquire essential knowledge concerning the Party, obtain general, scientific, legal and professional knowledge and work diligently to enhance their ability to serve the people.2)To implement the Party’s basic line, principles and policies, take the lead in reform, opening up and socialist modernization, encourage the people to work hard for economic development and social progress and play an exemplary and vanguard role in production, work, study and social activities.3)To adhere to the principle that the interests of the Party and the people stand above everything else, subordinating their personal interests to the interests of the Party and the people, being the first to bear hardships and the last to enjoy comforts, working selflessly for the public interests and working to contribute more.4)To conscientiously observe the Party discipline, abide by the laws and regulations of the state in an exemplary way, rigorously guard secrets of the Party and state, execute the Party’s decisions, and accept any job and actively fulfill any task assigned them by the Party.5)To uphold the Party’s solidarity and unity, be loyal to and honest with the Party, match words with deeds, firmly oppose all factions and small-clique activities and oppose double-dealing and scheming of any kind.6)To earnestly engage in criticism and self-criticism, boldly expose and correct shortcomings and mistakes in work and resolutely combat corruption and other negative phenomena.7)To maintain close ties with the masses, disseminate the Party’s views among them, consult with them when problems arise, keep the Party informed of their views and demands in good time and defend their legitimate interests.8)To promote new socialist ways and customs, take the lead in putting into practice the socialist maxims of honor and disgrace, and advocate communist ethics.To step forward and fight bravely in times of difficulty or danger, daring to make any sacrifice to defend the interests of the country and the people.Article 4.Party members enjoy the following rights: 1)To attend relevant Party meetings, read relevant Party documents, and benefit from the Party’s education and training.2)To participate in the discussion of questions concerning the Party’s policies at Party meetings and in Party newspapers and journals.3)To make suggestions and proposals regarding the work of the Party.4)To make well-grounded criticism of any Party organization or member at Party meetings, to present information or charges against any Party organization or member concerning violations of discipline or the law to the Party in a responsible way, to demand disciplinary measures against such a member, or call for dismissal or replacement of any incompetent cadre.5)To participate in voting and elections and to stand for election.6)To attend, with the right of self-defense, discussions held by Party organizations to decide on disciplinary measures to be taken against themselves or to appraise their work and behavior;other Party members may also bear witness or argue on their behalf.7)In case of disagreement with a Party resolution or policy, to make reservations and present their views to Party organizations at higher levels even up to the Central Committee, provided that they resolutely carry out the resolution or policy while it is in force.8)To put forward any request, appeal, or complaint to higher Party organizations even up to the Central Committee and ask the organizations concerned for a responsible reply.No Party organization, up to and including the Central Committee, has the right to deprive any Party member of the above-mentioned rights.Article 5.New Party members must be admitted through a Party branch, and the principle of individual admission must be adhered to.An applicant for Party membership must fill out an application form and be recommended by two full Party members.The application must be accepted at a general membership meeting of the Party branch concerned and approved by the next higher Party organization, and the applicant must undergo observation for a probationary period before being granted full membership.Party members who recommend an applicant must make genuine efforts to acquaint themselves with the applicant’s ideology, character, personal record and
work performance and explain to each applicant the Party’s program and Constitution, qualifications for membership and the duties and rights of members, and must make a responsible report to the Party organization on the matter.The Party branch committee must canvass the opinions of persons concerned, inside and outside the Party, about an applicant for Party membership and, after establishing the latter’s qualification through rigorous examination, submit the application to a general membership meeting for discussion.Before approving the admission of applicants for Party membership, the next higher Party organization concerned must appoint people to talk with them, in order to get to know them better and help deepen their understanding of the Party.In special circumstances, the Central Committee of the Party or the Party committee of a province, autonomous region or municipality directly under the central government may admit new Party members directly.Article 6.A probationary Party member must take an admission oath in front of the Party flag.The oath reads: It is my will to join the Communist Party of China, uphold the Party’s program, observe the provisions of the Party Constitution, fulfill a Party member’s duties, carry out the Party’s decisions, strictly observe Party discipline, guard Party secrets, be loyal to the Party, work hard, fight for communism throughout my life, be ready at all times to sacrifice my all for the Party and the people, and never betray the Party.Article 7.The probationary period of a probationary member is one year.The Party organization should make serious efforts to educate and observe the probationary members.Probationary members have the same duties as full members.They enjoy the rights of full members except those of participating in voting and elections and standing for election.Upon the expiration of the probationary period of a probationary member, the Party branch concerned should promptly discuss whether he or she is qualified for full membership.A probationary member who conscientiously performs his or her duties and is qualified for full membership shall be granted full membership as scheduled;if continued observation and education are needed, the probationary period may be extended, but by no more than one year;if a probationary member fails to perform his or her duties and is found to be unqualified for full membership, his or her probationary membership shall be annulled.Any decision to grant a probationary
member full membership, extend a probationary period, or annul a probationary membership must be made through discussion held by the general membership meeting of the Party branch concerned and approved by the next higher Party organization.The probationary period of a probationary member begins from the day the general membership meeting of the Party branch admits him or her as a probationary member.The Party standing of a member begins from the day he or she is granted full membership on the expiration of the probationary period.Article 8.Every Party member, irrespective of position, must be organized into a branch, cell or other specific unit of the Party to participate in the regular activities of the Party organization and accept oversight by the masses inside and outside the Party.Leading Party cadres must attend democratic meetings held by the Party committee or leading Party members’ group.There shall be no privileged Party members who do not participate in the regular activities of the Party organization and do not accept oversight by the masses inside and outside the Party.Article 9.Party members are free to withdraw from the Party.When a Party member asks to withdraw, the Party branch concerned shall, after discussion by its general membership meeting, remove his or her name from the Party rolls, make the removal public and report it to the next higher Party organization for the record.The Party branch shall try to educate the Party member who lacks revolutionary will, fails to fulfill the duties of a Party member, or is not qualified for membership and require him or her to correct his or her mistakes within a prescribed time.If the member remains incorrigible after education, he or she should be persuaded to withdraw from the Party.The case shall be discussed and decided by the general membership meeting of the Party branch concerned and submitted to the next higher Party organization for approval.If the Party member being persuaded to withdraw refuses to do so, the case shall be submitted to the general membership meeting of the Party branch concerned for discussion to decide on the removal of the said member’s name from the Party rolls, after which the decision shall be submitted to the next higher Party organization for approval.A Party member who fails to take part in regular Party activities, pay membership dues or do work assigned by the Party for six successive months without good reason is regarded as having given up membership.The general membership meeting of the
Party branch concerned shall decide on the removal of such a person’s name from the Party rolls and report it to the next higher Party organization for approval.Chapter II
The Party’s Organizational System
Article 10.The Party is an integral body organized under its program and Constitution and on the basis of democratic centralism.The Party’s basic principles of democratic centralism are as follows: 1)Individual Party members are subordinate to the Party organization, the minority is subordinate to the majority, the lower Party organizations are subordinate to the higher Party organizations, and all the constituent organizations and members of the Party are subordinate to the National Congress and the Central Committee of the Party.2)The Party’s leading bodies at all levels are elected except for the representative organs dispatched by them and the leading Party members’ groups in non-Party organizations.3)The highest leading body of the Party is the National Congress and the Central Committee elected by it.The leading bodies of local Party organizations are the Party congresses at their respective levels and the Party committees elected by them.Party committees are responsible, and report their work, to the Party congresses at their respective levels.4)Higher Party organizations shall pay constant attention to the views of lower organizations and the rank-and-file Party members, and solve in good time the problems they raise.Lower Party organizations shall report on their work to, and request instructions from, higher Party organizations;at the same time, they shall handle, independently and in a responsible manner, matters within their jurisdiction.Higher and lower Party organizations should exchange information and support and oversee each other.Party organizations at all levels should increase transparency in Party affairs in accordance with regulations to keep Party members better informed of these affairs and to provide them with more opportunities to participate in them.5)Party committees at all levels function on the principle of combining collective leadership with individual responsibility based on division of work.All major issues shall be decided upon by the Party committees after discussion in accordance with the
principle of collective leadership, democratic centralism, individual consultations and decision by meetings.The members of the Party committees should earnestly exercise their functions and powers in accordance with the collective decisions taken and division of work.6)The Party forbids all forms of personality cult.It is necessary to ensure that the activities of the Party leaders are subject to oversight by the Party and the people, and at the same time to uphold the prestige of all the leaders who represent the interests of the Party and the people.Article 11.The election of delegates to Party congresses and of members of Party committees at all levels should reflect the will of the voters.Elections shall be held by secret ballot.The lists of candidates shall be submitted to the Party organizations and voters for full deliberation and discussion.The election procedure in which the number of candidates nominated is greater than the number of persons to be elected may be used directly in a formal election or this procedure may be used first in a preliminary election in order to draw up a list of candidates for the formal election.The voters have the right to inquire about the candidates, demand a change or reject one in favor of another.No organization or individual shall in any way compel voters to elect or not to elect any candidate.If any violation of the Party Constitution occurs in the election of delegates to local Party congresses at all levels or to Party congresses at the primary level, the Party committee at the next higher level, after investigation and verification, should decide to declare the election invalid and take appropriate measures.The decision shall be reported to the Party committee at the next higher level for checking and approval before it is formally announced and implemented.A tenure system is adopted for delegates to Party congresses at all levels.Article 12.When necessary, the Central Committee of the Party and the local Party committees at all levels will convene conferences of delegates to discuss and decide on major problems that require timely solution.The number of delegates to such conferences and the procedure governing their election shall be determined by the Party committees convening them.Article 13.The formation of a new Party organization or the dissolution of an existing one shall be decided upon by the higher Party organization.When the congress of a local Party organization at any level or the congress of a Party organization at the primary level is not in session, the next higher Party
organization may, when it deems it necessary, transfer or appoint responsible members of that organization.The Party’s Central Committee and local Party committees at all levels may send out their representative organs.The Party’s Central Committee and committees of provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the central government implement the system of inspection tours.Article 14.When making decisions on important questions affecting the lower organizations, the leading bodies of the Party at all levels should, under normal circumstances, solicit opinions of the lower organizations.Measures should be taken to ensure that the lower organizations can exercise their functions and powers normally.Except in special circumstances, higher leading bodies should not interfere with matters that ought to be handled by lower organizations.Article 15.Only the Central Committee of the Party has the power to make decisions on major policies of a nationwide character.Party organizations of various departments and localities may make suggestions with regard to such policies to the Central Committee, but shall not make any decisions or publicize their views outside the Party without authorization.Lower Party organizations must firmly implement the decisions of higher Party organizations.If lower organizations consider that any decisions of higher organizations do not suit the specific conditions in their localities or departments, they may demand modification.If the higher organizations insist on their original decisions, the lower organizations must carry out such decisions and refrain from publicly voicing their differences, but retain the right to report to the next higher Party organization.Newspapers, journals and other means of publicity run by Party organizations at all levels must disseminate the line, principles, policies and resolutions of the Party.Article 16.When discussing and making decisions on any matter, Party organizations must keep to the principle of subordination of the minority to the majority.A vote must be taken when major issues are decided on.Serious consideration should be given to the differing views of a minority.In case of controversy over major issues in which supporters of the two opposing views are nearly equal in number, except in emergencies where action must be taken in
accordance with the majority view, the decision should be put off to allow for further investigation, study and exchange of opinions followed by another vote.Under special circumstances, the controversy may be reported to the next higher Party organization for a ruling.When, on behalf of the Party organization, an individual Party member is to express views on major issues beyond the scope of the existing decisions of the Party organization, the content must be referred to the Party organization for prior discussion and decision, or referred to the next higher Party organization for instructions.No Party member, whatever his or her position, is allowed to make decisions on major issues on his or her own.In an emergency, when a decision by an individual is unavoidable, the matter must be reported to the Party organization immediately afterwards.No leader is allowed to take decisions arbitrarily or to place himself or herself above the Party organization.Article 17.The central, local and primary organizations of the Party must all pay great attention to Party building.They shall regularly discuss and examine the Party’s work in publicity, education, organization and discipline inspection, its mass work and united front work.They must carefully study ideological and political developments inside and outside the Party.Chapter III
Central Organizations of the Party Article 18.The National Congress of the Party is held once every five years and convened by the Central Committee.It may be convened before the normally scheduled date if the Central Committee deems it necessary or if more than one third of the organizations at the provincial level so request.Except under extraordinary circumstances, the Congress may not be postponed.The number of delegates to the National Congress of the Party and the procedure Article 19.The functions and powers of the National Congress of the Party are as 1)To hear and examine the reports of the Central Committee;2)To hear and examine the reports of the Central Commission for Discipline 3)To discuss and decide on major questions concerning the Party;governing their election shall be determined by the Central Committee.follows: Inspection;
4)To revise the Constitution of the Party;5)To elect the Central Committee;and 6)To elect the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection.Article 20.The powers and functions of the National Conference of the Party are as follows: to discuss and make decisions on major questions;and to replace members and elect additional members of the Central Committee and the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection.The number of members and alternate members of the Central Committee to be replaced or newly elected shall not exceed one fifth of the respective totals of members and alternate members of the Central Committee elected by the National Congress of the Party.Article 21.The Central Committee of the Party is elected for a term of five years.However, when the next National Congress is convened before or after its normally scheduled date, the term shall be correspondingly shortened or extended.Members and alternate members of the Central Committee must have a Party standing of five years or more.The number of members and alternate members of the Central Committee shall be determined by the National Congress.Vacancies on the Central Committee shall be filled by its alternate members in the order of the number of votes by which they were elected.The Central Committee of the Party meets in plenary session at least once a year, and such sessions are convened by its Political Bureau.The Political Bureau reports its work to these sessions and accepts their oversight.When the National Congress is not in session, the Central Committee carries out its resolutions, directs the entire work of the Party and represents the Communist Party of China in its external relations.Article 22.The Political Bureau, the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau and the General Secretary of the Central Committee of the Party are elected by the Central Committee in plenary session.The General Secretary of the Central Committee must be a member of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau.When the Central Committee is not in session, the Political Bureau and its The Secretariat of the Central Committee is the working body of the Political Standing Committee exercise the functions and powers of the Central Committee.Bureau of the Central Committee and its Standing Committee.The members of the Secretariat are nominated by the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the
Central Committee and are subject to endorsement by the Central Committee in plenary session.The General Secretary of the Central Committee is responsible for convening the meetings of the Political Bureau and its Standing Committee and presides over the work of the Secretariat.The members of the Military Commission of the Central Committee are decided on by the Central Committee.The central leading bodies and leaders elected by each Central Committee shall, when the next National Congress is in session, continue to preside over the Party’s day-to-day work until the new central leading bodies and leaders are elected by the next Central Committee.Article 23.Party organizations in the Chinese People’s Liberation Army carry on their work in accordance with the instructions of the Central Committee.The political work organ of the Military Commission of the Central Committee is the General Political Department of the Chinese People’s Liberation Army;the General Political Department directs Party and political work in the army.The organizational system and organs of the Party in the armed forces are prescribed by the Military Commission of the Central Committee.Chapter IV
Local Organizations of the Party Article 24.The Party congress of a province, autonomous region, municipality directly under the central government, city divided into districts, autonomous prefecture, county(banner), autonomous county, city not divided into districts, or municipal district is held once every five years.Local Party congresses are convened by the Party committees at the corresponding levels.Under extraordinary circumstances, they may be held before or after their normally scheduled dates upon approval by the next higher Party committees.The number of delegates to the local Party congresses at any level and the procedure governing their election are determined by the Party committees at the corresponding levels and should be reported to the next higher Party committees for approval.Article 25.The functions and powers of the local Party congresses at all levels 1)To hear and examine the reports of the Party committees at the corresponding 2)To hear and examine the reports of the commissions for discipline inspection 3)To discuss and adopt resolutions on major issues in the given areas;and 4)To elect the Party committees and commissions for discipline inspection at the Article 26.The Party committee of a province, autonomous region, municipality are as follows: levels;at the corresponding levels;corresponding levels.directly under the central government, city divided into districts, or autonomous prefecture is elected for a term of five years.The members and alternate members of such a committee must have a Party standing of five years or more.The Party committee of a county(banner), autonomous county, city not divided into districts, or municipal district is elected for a term of five years.The members and alternate members of such a committee must have a Party standing of three years or more.When local Party congresses at all levels are convened before or after their normally scheduled dates, the terms of the committees elected by the previous congresses shall be correspondingly shortened or extended.The number of members and alternate members of the local Party committees at all levels shall be determined by the next higher committees.Vacancies on the local Party committees at all levels shall be filled by their alternate members in the order of the number of votes by which they were elected.The local Party committees at all levels meet in plenary session at least twice a The local Party committees at all levels shall, when the Party congresses of the year.given areas are not in session, carry out the directives of the next higher Party organizations and the resolutions of the Party congresses at the corresponding levels, direct work in their own areas and report on it to the next higher Party committees at regular intervals.Article 27.The local Party committees at all levels elect, at their plenary sessions, their standing committees, secretaries and deputy secretaries and report the results to the higher Party committees for approval.The standing committees of the local Party
committees at all levels exercise the functions and powers of local Party committees when the latter are not in session.They continue to handle the day-to-day work when the next Party congresses at their levels are in session, until the new standing committees are elected.The standing committees of the local Party committees at all levels regularly report their work to plenary sessions of local Party committees and accept their oversight.Article 28.A prefectural Party committee, or an organization analogous to it, is the representative organ dispatched by a provincial or an autonomous regional Party committee to a prefecture covering several counties, autonomous counties or cities.It exercises leadership over the work in the given prefecture as authorized by the provincial or autonomous regional Party committee.Chapter V
Primary Organizations of the Party Article 29.Primary Party organizations are formed in enterprises, rural areas, government organs, schools, research institutes, communities, social organizations, companies of the People’s Liberation Army and other basic units, where there are at least three full Party members.In primary organizations, primary Party committees and committees of general Party branches or Party branches are set up as the work requires and according to the number of Party members, subject to approval by the higher Party organizations.A primary Party committee is elected by a general membership meeting or a meeting of delegates, the committee of a general Party branch or a Party branch is elected by a general membership meeting, and candidates for these committees are nominated on the basis of extensively soliciting opinions from Party members and non-Party persons.Article 30.A primary Party committee is elected for a term of three to five years, while a general Party branch committee or a Party branch committee is elected for a term of two or three years.Results of the election of a secretary and deputy secretaries of a primary committee, general branch committee or branch committee of the Party shall be reported to the next higher Party organization for approval.Article 31.The primary Party organizations are militant bastions of the Party in the basic units of society, where all the Party’s work proceeds and they serve as the foundation of its fighting capacity.Their main tasks are: 1)To disseminate and carry out the Party’s line, principles and policies, the resolutions of the Central Committee of the Party and other higher Party organizations, and their own resolutions;to give full play to the exemplary and vanguard role of Party members, and to unite and organize the cadres and the rank and file inside and outside the Party to fulfill the tasks of their own units.2)To organize Party members to conscientiously study Marxism-Leninism, Mao Zedong Thought, Deng Xiaoping Theory and the important thought of Three Represents, study the Scientific Outlook on Development, study the Party’s line, principles, policies and resolutions, acquire essential knowledge concerning the Party and obtain general, scientific, legal and professional knowledge.3)To educate, manage, oversee and serve Party members;raise their overall quality;strengthen their Party spirit;ensure that they regularly participate in the activities of Party organizations, make criticism and self-criticism, and maintain and observe Party discipline;see that they truly fulfill their duties;protect their rights from encroachment;and improve management of Party members among the floating population.4)To maintain close ties with the masses, constantly seek their criticisms and opinions regarding Party members and the Party’s work, safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of the masses and do effective ideological and political work among them.5)To give full scope to the initiative and creativity of Party members and the masses and to discover, nurture and recommend fine, talented people from among Party members and the masses and encourage them to contribute their skills and learning to reform, opening up and socialist modernization.6)To educate and train the activists who apply for Party membership, attend to the routine work concerning the recruitment of new members and attach great importance to recruiting Party members from among those in the forefront of production and work and from among young people.7)To see to it that Party and non-Party cadres strictly observe the law and administrative discipline and the financial and economic statutes and personnel
regulations of the state and that none of them infringe on the interests of the state, the collective or the masses.8)To encourage Party members and the masses to conscientiously resist unhealthy practices and wage resolute struggles against all illegal and criminal activities.Article 32.The primary Party committees in communities, townships and towns and the Party organizations in villages and communities provide leadership for the work in their localities and assist administrative departments, economic institutions and self-governing mass organizations in fully exercising their functions and powers.In a state-owned or collective enterprise, the primary Party organization acts as the political nucleus and works for the operation of the enterprise.The primary Party organization guarantees and oversees the implementation of the principles and policies of the Party and the state in its own enterprise and backs the meeting of shareholders, board of directors, board of supervisors and manager(factory director)in the exercise of their functions and powers according to law.It relies wholeheartedly on the workers and office staff, supports the work of the congresses of representatives of workers and office staff and participates in making final decisions on major questions in the enterprise.It works to improve its own organization and provides leadership over ideological and political work, efforts for cultural and ethical progress and the trade unions, the Communist Youth League and other mass organizations.In a non-public economic institution, the primary Party organization carries out the Party’s principles and policies, provides guidance to and oversees the enterprise in observing the laws and regulations of the state, exercises leadership over the trade union, the Communist Youth League organization and other mass organizations, rallies the workers and office staff around it, safeguards the legitimate rights and interests of all quarters and stimulates the healthy development of the enterprise.In an institution where the administrative leaders assume full responsibility, the primary Party organization acts as the political nucleus.In an institution where the administrative leaders assume full responsibility under the leadership of the Party committee, the primary Party organization discusses and decides on major issues and at the same time ensures that the administrative leaders are able to fully exercise their functions and powers.In offices of the Party or the state at all levels, the primary Party organizations assist the chief administrators in fulfilling their tasks and improving their work.They
exercise oversight over all Party members, including the chief administrators who are Party members, but do not direct the work of their units.Chapter VI Party Cadres
Article 33.Party cadres are the backbone of the Party’s cause and public servants of the people.The Party selects its cadres according to the principle that they should possess both political integrity and professional competence, adheres to the practice of appointing people on their merits and opposes favoritism;it exerts genuine efforts to make the ranks of the cadres more revolutionary, younger in average age, better educated and more professionally competent.The Party attaches great importance to education, training, selection and assessment of cadres, especially to the training and selection of outstanding young cadres.The Party actively promotes the reform of the cadre system.The Party attaches great importance to the training and promotion of women cadres and cadres from among the ethnic minorities.Article 34.Leading Party cadres at all levels must show exemplary performance in carrying out their duties as Party members prescribed in Article 3 of this Constitution and must meet the following basic requirements: 1)Know Marxism-Leninism, Mao Zedong Thought and Deng Xiaoping Theory well enough to perform their duties, earnestly put the important thought of Three Represents into practice, take the lead in applying the Scientific Outlook on Development, try hard to analyze and solve practical problems with the stand, viewpoint and methods of Marxism, keep stressing study, political awareness and integrity, and be able to stand the test of all trials and tribulations.2)Have the lofty ideal of communism and firm conviction in socialism with Chinese characteristics, firmly implement the Party’s basic line, principles and policies, be determined to carry out reform and opening up, devote themselves to the cause of modernization, work hard to start undertakings in socialist construction, foster a correct view on evaluating their performances and make solid achievements that can stand the test of practice and time to the satisfaction of the people.3)Persist in emancipating their minds, seeking truth from facts, keeping up with the times and blazing new trails in a pioneering spirit;conduct earnest investigations
and studies so as to be able to integrate the Party’s principles and policies with the actual conditions in their localities or departments and work efficiently;tell the truth, do practical work, seek tangible results and oppose formalism.4)Be fervently dedicated to the revolutionary cause and imbued with a strong sense of political responsibility, have practical experience, and be qualified for leading posts in organizational ability, general education and vocational knowledge.5)Properly exercise the power invested in them by the people, handle matters according to law, be upright and clean and work diligently for the people, set an example by their own actions, work hard and live simply, maintain close ties with the masses, uphold the Party’s mass line, conscientiously accept the criticism and oversight by the Party and the masses, improve their moral standards, exercise self-respect, self-examination, self-caution and self-motivation, combat bureaucratism, and fight against malpractices such as abuse of power for personal gain.6)Uphold the Party’s system of democratic centralism, maintain a democratic style of work, take the overall situation into consideration, and be good at uniting and working with other comrades, including those who hold differing opinions.Article 35.Party cadres should be able to cooperate with non-Party cadres, respect them and be open-minded in learning from their strong points.Party organizations at all levels must be good at discovering and recommending talented non-Party cadres with practical learning for leading posts, and ensure that the latter enjoy authority commensurate with their posts and can fully play their roles.Article 36.Leading Party cadres at all levels, whether elected through democratic procedure or appointed by a leading body, are not entitled to lifelong tenure, and they can be transferred from or relieved of their posts.Cadres no longer fit to continue working due to old age or poor health should retire according to the regulations of the state.Chapter VII Party Discipline
Article 37.Party discipline refers to the rules of conduct that must be observed by Party organizations at all levels and by all Party members.It is the guarantee that the unity and solidarity of the Party are safeguarded and that the tasks of the Party are accomplished.Party organizations must strictly observe and maintain Party discipline.A Communist Party member must conscientiously act within the bounds of Party discipline.Article 38.Party organizations should criticize, educate or take disciplinary measures against members who violate Party discipline, depending on the nature and seriousness of their mistakes and in the spirit of “learning from past mistakes to avoid future ones, and curing the sickness to save the patient.”
Party members who have seriously violated the criminal law shall be expelled from the Party.It is strictly forbidden in the Party to take any measures against a member that contravene the Party Constitution or the laws of the state, or to retaliate against or frame a member.Any offending organization or individual must be dealt with according to Party discipline and the laws of the state.Article 39.There are five measures for enforcing Party discipline: warning, serious warning, removal from Party posts, probation within the Party, and expulsion from the Party.The period for which a Party member is placed on probation shall not exceed two years.During that period, the Party member concerned has no right to participate in voting or elections or stand for election.A Party member who during that time truly rectifies his or her mistake shall have his or her rights as a Party member restored.Party members who refuse to mend their ways shall be expelled from the Party.Expulsion is the ultimate Party disciplinary measure.In deciding on or approving an expulsion, Party organizations at all levels should study all the relevant facts and opinions and exercise extreme caution.Article 40.Any disciplinary measure to be taken against a Party member must be discussed and decided on at a general membership meeting of the Party branch concerned, and reported to the primary Party committee concerned for approval.If the case is relatively important or complicated, or involves the expulsion of a member, it shall be reported to a Party commission for discipline inspection at or above the county level for examination and approval, in accordance with the specific situation.Under special circumstances, a Party committee or a commission for discipline inspection at or above the county level has the authority to decide directly on disciplinary measures to be taken against a Party member.Any decision to remove a member or alternate member of the Central Committee or a local committee at any level from his or her posts within the Party, to place such
a person on probation within the Party or to expel such a person from the Party must be approved by a two thirds majority vote at a plenary meeting of the Party committee to which he or she belongs.In special circumstances, the decision may be taken first by the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the Central Committee or the standing committee of a local Party committee, pending confirmation at the plenary meeting of the Party committee.Such a disciplinary measure against a member or alternate member of a local Party committee is subject to approval by the higher Party committee.A member or alternate member of the Central Committee who has seriously violated the criminal law shall be expelled from the Party on decision by the Political Bureau of the Central Committee;a member or alternate member of a local Party committee who has seriously violated the criminal law shall be expelled from the Party on decision by the standing committee of the Party committee at the corresponding level.Article 41.When a Party organization is deciding on a disciplinary measure against a Party member, it should investigate and verify the facts in an objective way.The Party member in question must be informed of a decision regarding any disciplinary measure to be taken and of the facts on which it is based.The person concerned must be given a chance to account for himself or herself and speak in his or her own defense.If the member does not accept the decision, he or she can appeal, and the Party organization concerned must promptly deal with or forward his or her appeal, and must not withhold or suppress it.Those who cling to erroneous views and unjustifiable demands shall be educated by criticism.Article 42.If a Party organization fails to uphold Party discipline, it must be investigated.In case a Party organization seriously violates Party discipline and is unable to rectify the mistake on its own, the next higher Party committee should, after verifying the facts and considering the seriousness of the case, decide on the reorganization or dissolution of the organization, report the decision to the Party committee at the next higher level for examination and approval, and then formally announce and carry out the decision.Chapter VIII Party Organs for Discipline Inspection
Article 43.The Party’s Central Commission for Discipline Inspection functions under the leadership of the Central Committee of the Party.The Party’s local commissions for discipline inspection at all levels and primary commissions for discipline inspection function under the dual leadership of the Party committees at the corresponding levels and the next higher commissions for discipline inspection.The Party’s commissions for discipline inspection at all levels serve a term of the same duration as the Party committees at the corresponding levels.The Party’s Central Commission for Discipline Inspection elects, in plenary session, its standing committee, secretary and deputy secretaries and reports the results to the Central Committee for approval.Local commissions for discipline inspection at all levels elect, at their plenary sessions, their respective standing committees, secretaries and deputy secretaries.The results of the elections are subject to endorsement by the Party committees at the corresponding levels and should be reported to the next higher Party committees for approval.The question of whether a primary Party committee should set up a commission for discipline inspection or simply appoint a discipline inspection commissioner shall be determined by the next higher Party organization in light of the specific circumstances.The committees of general Party branches and Party branches shall have discipline inspection commissioners.The Party’s Central Commission for Discipline Inspection shall, when its work so requires, accredit discipline inspection groups or commissioners to Party or state organs at the central level.Leaders of the discipline inspection groups or discipline inspection commissioners may attend relevant meetings of the leading Party organizations in the said organs as non-voting participants.The leading Party organizations in the organs concerned must support their work.Article 44.The main tasks of the Party’s commissions for discipline inspection at all levels are as follows: to uphold the Constitution and other statutes of the Party, to check up on the implementation of the line, principles, policies and resolutions of the Party and to assist the respective Party committees in improving the Party’s style of work and in organizing and coordinating the work against corruption.The commissions for discipline inspection at all levels shall frequently provide education for Party members on their duty to observe Party discipline and adopt decisions for the upholding of Party discipline;they shall oversee Party members
holding leading positions in exercising their power;they shall examine and deal with relatively important or complicated cases of violation of the Constitution or other statutes of the Party by Party organizations or Party members and decide on or rescind disciplinary measures against Party members involved in such cases;they shall deal with complaints and appeals made by Party members;and they shall guarantee the rights of Party members.The commissions for discipline inspection at all levels shall report to the Party committees at the corresponding levels on the results of their handling of cases of special importance or complexity, as well as on the problems encountered.The local commissions for discipline inspection at all levels and primary commissions for discipline inspection shall also present such reports to the higher commissions.If a commission for discipline inspection at any level discovers any violation of Party discipline by a member of the Party committee at the corresponding level, it may take the initial step of verifying the facts and, if it is necessary to put a case on file, it should report to the Party committee at the corresponding level for approval, and if a member of the standing committee of the Party committee is involved, it should first report to the Party committee at the corresponding level and then to the commission for discipline inspection at the next higher level for approval.Article 45.Higher commissions for discipline inspection have the power to examine the work of the lower commissions and to approve or modify their decisions on any case.If decisions so modified have already been ratified by the Party committee at the corresponding level, the modification must be approved by the next higher Party committee.If a local commission for discipline inspection or a primary commission for discipline inspection does not agree with a decision made by the Party committee at the corresponding level in dealing with a case, it may demand the commission at the next higher level reexamine the case;if a local or primary commission discovers cases of violation of Party discipline by the Party committee at the corresponding level or by its members, and if that Party committee fails to deal with them properly or at all, it has the right to appeal to the higher commission for assistance in dealing with such cases.Chapter IX
Leading Party Members’ Groups
Article 46.A leading Party members’ group may be formed in the leading body of a central or local state organ, people’s organization, economic or cultural institution or other non-Party unit.The group plays the role of the core of leadership.Its main tasks are: to see to it that the Party’s line, principles and policies are implemented, to discuss and decide on matters of major importance in its unit, to do well in cadre management, to rally the non-Party cadres and the masses in fulfilling the tasks assigned by the Party and the state and to guide the work of the Party organization of the unit and those directly under it.Article 47.The composition of a leading Party members’ group is decided by the Party organization that approves its establishment.The group shall have a secretary and, if necessary, deputy secretaries.A leading Party members’ group must accept the leadership of the Party organization that approves its establishment.Article 48.Party committees may be set up in state organs which exercise centralized leadership over their subordinate units.The Central Committee of the Party shall provide the specific procedure for their establishment and define their functions, powers and tasks.Chapter X
Relationship Between the Party and the Communist Youth League of China
Article 49.The Communist Youth League of China is a mass organization of advanced young people under the leadership of the Communist Party of China;it is a school where a large number of young people learn about socialism with Chinese characteristics and about communism through practice;it is the Party’s assistant and reserve force.The Central Committee of the Communist Youth League functions under the leadership of the Central Committee of the Party.The local chapters of the Communist Youth League are under the leadership of the Party committees at the corresponding levels and of the higher organizations of the League itself.Article 50.Party committees at all levels must strengthen their leadership over Communist Youth League organizations and pay attention to selecting and training League cadres.The Party must firmly support the Communist Youth League in the
lively and creative performance of its work to suit the characteristics and needs of young people, and give full play to the League’s role as a shock force and as a bridge linking the Party with young people.Those secretaries of League committees at or below the county level or in enterprises and institutions who are Party members may attend meetings of Party committees at the corresponding levels and meetings of their standing committees as non-voting participants.Chapter XI
Party Emblem and Flag
党章修正案规定:中国共产党以马克思列宁主义、毛泽东思想、邓小平理论、“三个代表”重要思想和科学发展观作为自己的行动指南。
把科学发展观写在党的旗帜上, 列入党的指导思想, 是这次党章修改的最大亮点和最突出的历史性贡献。把科学发展观列入党的指导思想, 是党的十八大作出的重大决策, 进一步向世人宣示中国共产党人走科学发展之路的坚定决心, 必将对全党把思想和行动统一到科学发展上来、把科学发展观贯彻到我国社会主义现代化建设全过程和体现到党的建设各方面产生重大而深远的影响。
2. 完整表述中国特色社会主义
党章修正案总纲部分第八自然段开头一句表述为“改革开放以来我们取得一切成绩和进步的根本原因, 归结起来就是:开辟了中国特色社会主义道路, 形成了中国特色社会主义理论体系, 确立了中国特色社会主义制度。”其中, “确立了中国特色社会主义制度”是这次修改新增写的内容。
将中国特色社会主义道路、中国特色社会主义理论体系、中国特色社会主义制度作为一个整体在党章进行完整表述, 对于全党深化对中国特色社会主义的认识, 全面把握中国特色社会主义的科学内涵, 进一步增强道路自信、理论自信、制度自信, 坚定不移推进中国特色社会主义伟大事业, 具有十分重要的意义。
3. 生态文明建设纳入总体布局
党章修正案总纲增写了党领导人民建设社会主义生态文明的自然段, 表述为:树立尊重自然、顺应自然、保护自然的生态文明理念, 坚持节约资源和保护环境的基本国策, 坚持节约优先、保护优先、自然恢复为主的方针, 坚持生产发展、生活富裕、生态良好的文明发展道路。着力建设资源节约型、环境友好型社会, 形成节约资源和保护环境的空间格局、产业结构、生产方式、生活方式, 为人民创造良好生产生活环境, 实现中华民族永续发展。
作这样的增写, 既阐明了建设社会主义生态文明的总要求和指导原则, 又阐明了生态文明建设的主要着力点, 有利于全党同志把生态文明建设融入经济建设、政治建设、文化建设、社会建设各方面和全过程。
4. 突出强调坚持改革开放
党章修正案总纲部分对阐述改革开放的自然段作了充实, 增写了“只有改革开放, 才能发展中国、发展社会主义、发展马克思主义”的内容。
二、本研究会宗旨：推动修辞学应用和阅读鉴赏研究，探索阅读鉴赏的正确方法，总结其规律，为大中学语文的阅读鉴赏教学提供理论指导。
三、本研究会遵守中国修辞学会会章，接受中国修辞学会的业务指导，并定期向中国修辞学会常务理事会汇报工作。
四、本研究会的业务范围：
（一）组织会员开展应用修辞和阅读鉴赏的学术研讨；
（二）探讨和推广中学语文阅读鉴赏教学的新成果、新经验；
（三）举办相关的学术报告会、讲习班和培训班；
（四）为会员发表阅读鉴赏方面的文章提供方便；
（五）评选优秀学术论文。
五、申请入会的条件：
（一）遵守本研究会章程，自觉维护本团体的合法权益；
（二）从事大学、中专语言文学或中学语文教学与研究，并具有中级以上（含中级）职称；
（三）积极参加研究会组织的各项活动，按规定每年交纳会费５元；
（四）提交填写齐全、清楚的入会登记表，并由两名会员介绍。
六、本会组织机构：
（一）本研究会的领导机构为理事会。理事会由理事组成，理事由会员大会或会员代表大会选举产生。
（二）理事会选举会长１人、副会长４～６人、秘书长１人、副秘书长若干人、常务理事若干人。由以上人员组成常务理事会。
（三）本研究会每届理事会任期４年。
（四）本会聘请中国修辞学界和语文教育界的著名专家任名誉会长、顾问、学术会员。
1、（单选题）党是根据自己的（），按照民主集中制组织起来的统一整体。
o o o o A.理想和信念
B.行动纲领
C.纲领和章程
D.目标和任务
正确答案：C 用户选择：
2、（单选题）党重视教育、培训、选拔和考核干部，特别是培养、选拔优秀（）。
o o o o A.妇女干部
B.少数民族干部
C.年轻干部
D.有特长干部
正确答案：C 用户选择：
3、（单选题）党的最高领导机关，是（）和它所产生的中央委员会。
o o o o A.党的全国代表大会
B.党的全国代表会议
C.党的全国代表大会和全国代表会议
D.全国人民代表大会
正确答案：A 用户选择：
4、（单选题）党员个人服从（），少数服从多数，下级组织服从上级组织，全党各个组织和全体党员服从党的全国代表大会和中央委员会，这是党的民主集中制的基本原则之一。
o o o A.党政领导
B.党委主要领导
C.党的组织 o D.行政主要领导
正确答案：C 用户选择：
5、（单选题）党的基层委员会每届任期三年至五年，总支部委员会、支部委员会每届任期（）。
o o o o A.三年或四年
B.一年或两年
C.两年或三年
D.三年或五年
正确答案：C 用户选择：
6、（单选题）党章规定的共产党员必须履行的第一项义务是：认真学习马克思列宁主义、毛泽东思想、邓小平理论和（），学习党的路线、方针、政策和决议，学习党的基本知识，学习科学、文化、法律和业务知识，努力提高为人民服务的本领。
o o o o A.中国特色社会主义
B.市场经济理论
C.“三个代表”重要思想和科学发展观
D.社会主义核心价值体系
正确答案：C 用户选择：
7、（单选题）党员如果没有正当理由，连续（）不参加党的组织生活，或不交纳党费，或不做党所分配的工作，就被认为是自行脱党。
o o o o A.三个月
B.一年
C.六个月
D.九个月
正确答案：C 用户选择：
8、（单选题）凡是成立党的新组织，或是撤销党的原有组织，必须由（）决定。
o o o o A.上级党组织
B.上级党组织和纪委
C.党中央
D.上级党委和政府
正确答案：A 用户选择：
9、（单选题）党的各级代表大会的代表和委员会的产生，要体现（）的意志。
o o o o A.选举人
B.党组织
C.党员代表
D.全体人民
正确答案：A 用户选择：
10、（单选题）预备党员的（）同正式党员一样。
o o o o A.义务
B.权利和义务
C.权利
D.待遇
正确答案：A 用户选择：
11、（单选题）党的干部是党的事业的骨干，是人民的公仆。党按照（）的原则选拔干部。
o o o A.德才兼备
B.举贤避亲
C.唯才是举 o D.任人唯亲
正确答案：A 用户选择：
12、（单选题）预备党员认真履行党员义务，具备党员条件的，应当按期转为正式党员；需要继续考察和教育的，可以延长预备期，但不能超过（）。
o o o o A.两年
B.一年
C.一年半
D.半年
正确答案：B 用户选择：
13、（单选题）跨入新世纪，我国进入（）的新的发展阶段。
o o o o A.全面建设小康社会、加快推进社会主义现代化
B.改革开放、建设小康社会
C.全面推进社会主义强国
D.建设社会主义、全面实现社会主义现代化
正确答案：A 用户选择：
14、（单选题）党组织对党员作出处分决定，应当实事求是地查清事实。处分决定所依据的事实材料和处分决定必须（），听取本人说明情况和申辩。
o o o o A.同本人见面
B.同本人所在的基层组织中的党员见面
C.同本人所在的基层组织领导见面
D.同本人所在的基层组织见面
正确答案：A 用户选择：
15、（单选题）党的全国代表大会每五年举行一次，由中央委员会召集。中央委员会认为有必要，或者有（）以上的省一级组织提出要求，全国代表大会可以提前举行；如无非常情况，不得延期举行。
o o o o A.三分之一
B.五分之一
C.四分之一
D.二分之一
正确答案：A 用户选择：
16、（单选题）国有企业和集体企业中党的基层组织，发挥（）作用围绕企业生产经营开展工作。
o o o o A.领导核心
B.组织核心
C.骨干核心
D.政治核心
正确答案：D 用户选择：
17、（单选题）非公有制经济组织中党的基层组织，贯彻党的方针政策，（）企业遵守国家的法律法规，领导工会、共青团等群众组织，团结凝聚职工群众，维护各方的合法权益，促进企业健康发展。
o o o o A.指导和督促
B.服务和引导
C.领导和监督
D.引导和监督
正确答案：D 用户选择：
18、（单选题）党的纪律是党的各级组织和全体党员必须遵守的（），是维护党的团结统一、完成党的任务的保证。o o o o A.党纪党规
B.基本准则
C.行为规则
D.行为规范
正确答案：C 用户选择：
19、（单选题）党的各级纪律检查委员会的主要任务是：维护党的章程和其他党内法规，检查党的路线、方针、政策和决议的执行情况，协助党的委员会加强党风建设和（）反腐败工作。
o o o o A.组织领导
B.组织协调
C.主管
D.具体实施
正确答案：B 用户选择：
20、（单选题）街道、乡、镇党的基层委员会和村、社区党组织，领导本地区的工作，（）行政组织、经济组织和群众自治组织充分行使职权。
o o o o A.支持和监督
B.支持和领导
C.支持和保证
D.保证和监督
正确答案：C 用户选择：
21、（多选题）坚持民主集中制要求（）。
o o A.党在自己的政治生活中正确地开展批评和自我批评
B.加强对党的领导机关和党的领导干部的监督，不断完善党外监督制度 o o C.加强组织性纪律性，在党的纪律面前人人平等
D.在原则问题上进行思想斗争，坚持真理，修正错误
正确答案：ACD 用户选择：
22、（多选题）党的基层组织要对党员进行（），提高党员素质，增强党性。
o o o o A.管理
B.监督
C.服务
D.教育
正确答案：ABCD 用户选择：
23、（多选题）党的领导主要是政治、思想和组织的领导，要求（）。
o o A.党必须按照总揽全局、协调各方的原则，在各级各种组织中发挥领导核心作用
B.党必须集中精力领导经济建设，组织、协调各方面的力量，同心协力，围绕经济建设开展工作，促进经济社会全面发展
o o C.党必须在宪法和法律的范围内活动
D.党必须适应形势的发展和情况的变化，完善领导体制，改进领导方式，增强执政能力
正确答案：BCD 用户选择：
24、（多选题）社会主义精神文明能为改革开放和社会主义现代化建设提供强大的（）。
o o o o A.思想保证
B.智力支持
C.精神动力
D.理论武装
正确答案：ABC 用户选择：
25、（多选题）党的最高领导机关是（）。
o o o o A.中央书记处
B.中央委员会
C.中央政治局
D.党的全国代表大会
正确答案：BD 用户选择：
26、（多选题）党章指出，我国社会主义建设的根本任务是（），并且为此而改革生产关系和上层建筑中不适应生产力发展的方面和环节。
o o o o A.发展生产力
B.加强精神文明建设
C.进一步解放生产力
D.逐步实现社会主义现代化
正确答案：ACD 用户选择：
27、（多选题）中国共产党领导人民构建社会主义和谐社会，（）。
o o A.以共同建设、共同享有为原则
B.加强社会治安综合治理，依法坚持打击各种危害国家安全和利益、危害社会稳定和经济发展的犯罪活动和犯罪分子，保持社会长期稳定
o o C.严格区分和正确处理敌我矛盾和人民内部矛盾这两类不同性质的矛盾
D.以民主法治、公平正义、诚信友爱、充满活力、安定有序、人与自然的和谐相处为总要求
正确答案：ABCD 用户选择：
28、（多选题）下列说法正确的有（）。
o A.党的各级代表大会的代表候选人名单要由党组织和选举人充分酝酿讨论，可以直接采用候选人数多于应选人数的差额选举办法进行正式选举 o B.在党的地方各级代表大会和基层代表大会闭会期间，上级党的组织认为有必要时，可以调动或者指派下级党组织的负责人
o C.党的下级组织既要向上级组织请示和报告工作，又要独立负责地解决自己职责范围内的问题
o D.党的中央和地方各级委员会在必要时召集代表会议，讨论和决定需要及时解决的重大问题
正确答案：ABCD 用户选择：
29、（多选题）以下关于党员权利的表述正确的是（）。
o o A.对党的工作提出建议和倡议
B.对党的决议和政策如有不同意见，在坚决执行的前提下，可以声明保留，并且可以把自己的意见向党的上级组织直至中央提出
o o C.在党的会议上有根据地批评党的任何组织和任何党员
D.行使表决权、选举权，有被选举权
正确答案：ABCD 用户选择：
30、（多选题）下列关于中国共产党领导人民发展社会主义先进文化的表述，哪些是正确的？（）
o o o o A.建设社会主义精神文明，实行依法治国和以德治国相结合
B.对党员进行社会主义远大理想教育
C.坚持马克思主义指导思想，树立中国特色社会主义共同理想
D.倡导社会主义荣辱观，增强民族自尊、自信和自强精神
正确答案：ACD 用户选择：
31、（多选题）党要适应改革开放和社会主义现代化建设的要求，坚持（），加强和改善党的领导。
o o A.民主执政
B.依法执政 o o C.科学执政
D.依权执政
正确答案：ABC 用户选择：
32、（多选题）我国现代化建设必须促进（）同步发展。
o o o o A.智能化
B.城镇化
C.工业化
D.农业现代化
正确答案：BCD 用户选择：
33、（多选题）中国共产党领导人民发展社会主义民主政治，应当坚持下列哪几项的有机统一？（）
o o o o A.依法治国
B.党的领导
C.人民当家作主
D.人民民主专政
正确答案：ABC 用户选择：
34、（多选题）中国共产党领导全国各族人民，经过长期的反对（）的革命斗争，取得了新民主主义革命的胜利。
o o o o A.封建主义
B.官僚资本主义
C.殖民主义
D.帝国主义
正确答案：ABD 用户选择：
35、（多选题）党的领导原则是（）。
o o o o A.协调各方
B.调配干部
C.科学决策
D.总揽全局
正确答案：AD 用户选择：
36、（多选题）选举人有（）的权利。
o o o o A.不选任何一个候选人和另选他人
B.要求候选人必须作出说明
C.了解候选人情况
D.要求改变候选人
正确答案：ACD 用户选择：
37、（多选题）党坚持（）的方针，建立健全惩治和预防腐败体系，坚持不懈地反对腐败，加强党风建设和廉政建设。
o o o o A.注重预防
B.标本兼治
C.综合治理
D.惩防并举
正确答案：ABCD 用户选择：
38、（多选题）党的上下级组织之间要（）。
o o o A.互相支持
B.互相监督
C.互通情报 o D.互相指导
正确答案：ABC 用户选择：
39、（多选题）党的组织系统是由（）组成的。
o o o o A.中央组织
B.地方组织
C.共青团组织
D.基层组织
正确答案：ABD 用户选择：
40、（多选题）对待党外干部的正确做法是（）。
o o o o A.党员干部要善于同党外干部合作共事，虚心学习他们的长处
B.保持距离，注意党派性
C.保证党外领导干部有职有权
D.党的各级组织要善于发现和推荐有真才实学的党外干部担任领导工作
正确答案：ACD 用户选择：
41、（判断题）党员个人代表党组织发表重要主张，如果超出党组织已有决定的范围，只能提交上级党组织决定。
o o A.对
B.错
正确答案：错
用户选择：
42、（判断题）党的中央纪律检查委员会在党的中央委员会领导下进行工作。
o o A.对
B.错 正确答案：对
用户选择：
43、（判断题）党员必须维护党的团结和统一，对党忠诚老实，言行一致，坚决反对一切派别组织和小集团活动，反对阳奉阴违的两面派行为和一切阴谋诡计。
o o A.对
B.错
正确答案：对
用户选择：
44、（判断题）每个党员，不论职务高低，都必须编入党的一个支部、小组或其他特定组织。
o o A.对
B.错
正确答案：对
用户选择：
45、（判断题）党的各级代表大会的代表和委员会的产生，要体现选举人的意志，选举采用无记名投票的方式。
o o A.对
B.错
正确答案：对
用户选择：
46、（判断题）党员如果没有正当理由，连续六个月不参加党的组织生活，或不交纳党费，或不做党所分配的工作，就被认为是自行脱党。
o o A.对
B.错
正确答案：对
用户选择：
47、（判断题）预备党员的权利，除了没有表决权、选举权和被选举权以外，也同正式党员一样。
o o A.对
B.错 正确答案：对
用户选择：
48、（判断题）企业、农村、机关、学校、科研院所、街道社区、社会组织、人民解放军连队和其他基层单位，凡是有正式党员三人以上的，都应当成立党的基层组织。
o o A.对
B.错
正确答案：对
用户选择：
49、（判断题）选举中央委员会不属于党的全国代表大会的职权。
o o A.对
B.错
正确答案：错
用户选择：
50、（判断题）加强组织性纪律性，在党的纪律面前人人平等。
o o A.对
B.错
正确答案：对
总书记深刻指出：“没有规矩，不成方圆。党章就是党的根本大法，是全党必须遵循的总规矩。”党章是党的总章程，集中体现了党的性质和宗旨、党的理论和路线方针政策、党的重要主张，规定了党的重要制度和体制机制，是全党必须共同遵守的根本行为规范。尊崇党章、学习党章、遵守党章、维护党章，自觉加强党性修养，不断增强党的意识、看齐意识、宗旨意识、责任意识，既是每一名共产党员的应尽义务和庄严责任，也是永葆党的先进性和纯洁性、不断增强党的创造力凝聚力战斗力的有力保证。
作为一名共产党员、一名纪检监察工作人员必须在今后工作中将学习党章、遵守党章、贯彻党章、维护党章作为行动总要求。
学习党章重在学。习近平提出，“认真学习党章、严格遵守党章，是加强党的建设的一项基础性经常性工作，也是全党同志的应尽义务和庄严责任。”可见学习党章的重要性。党章从总纲到章程的十一章五十三条，总共17256个字每一个字都要认真学。首先是真学。学习党章始终坚持“认真”二字，要沉下心来，反复学习、善于思考、理解吃透，做到学中思、用中想，抓住关键、把握重点，深入分析每一条内容是什么、为什么、怎么做，才能 1 真正全面领会党章的基本内容、基本规定和基本精神，才能抓住党章本质，领悟精髓，准确地理解和把握党章的内涵。其次是深学。我们学习党章要深入研读，深入骨髓，系统、全面地学，要打破集中学习模式，打破流于形式、浮于表面的学习现象，不能断章取义、囫囵吞枣，要通过自主学习、专题培训等形式，丰富知识，增长才识，使自己在政治上更加敏锐，思想上更加敏感，思维上更加敏捷；要同中国特色社会主义理论体系结合起来，同党史、其它党内法规和现实问题结合起来，做到知行合一，学用结合，用党章要求指导工作实践和生活，用党章规范自己的一言一行，真正实现学以致用；还要就党章的规定、要求和义务对照自身加以反省，认真查漏补缺，做到边学边思边记边改，不断坚定理想信念，提高党性修养，始终在政治上、思想上和行动上自觉与党组织保持一致。然后是常学。要把党章学习作为经常性、日常性工作来做，强化学习党章是第一需要的理念，视其为安身立命之本，成就事业之基，长年累月坚持，日复一日掘进，坚持不懈，持之以恒，使学习党章常态化。
除了学好党章之外，作为一名纪检监察工作人员还需要在遵守党章上下功夫。
第一，认真学习党章规定，增强纪律观念。一个没有党的纪律观念，一个不把党的纪律放在眼里的人，不可能是合格的党员。在新的历史条件下，党的纪律观念在一部分党员、干部包括某些领导干部中有所淡漠，甚至陷入误区。这些模糊认识和错误思想，正是近些年来一些地方和单位纪律松弛的根源所在，必须坚决予以清除。共产党员要做遵守纪律的模范，必须从加强纪律观念、学习纪律要求做起，为自觉维护和遵守党的纪律打下良好的思想基础。
第二，坚决执行党规定，严格要求自己。遵守党章，重要的是身体力行。特别是要有“怕”的意识。共产党员对党的纪律要从心底里敬畏，并用这种“怕”约束自己，要有如履薄冰、如临深渊的警惕。这种“怕”，不是谨小慎微，而是政治上坚定和成熟的表现。
第三，切实加强党内监督，构筑警戒防线。对于领导干部而言，监督是一道“防火墙”，应该正确对待监督，自觉接受监督。各级党组织和普通党员则要从党的事业出发，敢于对上级或领导监督，让权力在阳光下运行。
中国共产党党章明确规定，党的各级纪律检查机关是维护党章和其他党内法规的主体，作为纪检人要维护党章要做到以上四点：
一是维护好党章，就是要把思想和行动高度统一到党章上来，坚决维护党的法规纪律，坚决维护党的团结统一，坚决维护中央的权威。具体到我们实际工作中，就是要落实在行动上，体现在工作中。
二是维护好党章，就是要敢于同违反党章的行为作斗争，对不遵守党章，损害党章权威，违反党章要求，违背党章精神等不良行为的党员或组织，及时严肃地进行教育、提醒或给予相应的纪律处分，坚决维护党章在党内生活和党的建设中的权威地位。
三是维护好党章，就是要不断增强纪检人维护党章的责任感、使命感，全面履行党章赋予的职责和任务，充分发挥其职能 3 和作用，为学习党章、遵守党章、贯彻党章、维护党章提供坚强保证。
成为一名合格的中国共产党员，是我一直以来的梦想。作为一名入党积极分子，近日我有幸参加了由××××举办的入党积极分子培训班，使我获益匪浅。
通过对新党章的学习，使我更加深刻地认识到中国共产党是中国工人阶级的先锋队，是中华民族的先锋队，还是中国特色社会主义事业的领导核心，代表着先进生产力的发展要求，代表着先进文化的发展方向，代表着最广大人民的根本利益，这一性质决定了中国共产党全心全意为人民服务的根本宗旨。我们党在思想建设、政治建设、组织建设和作风建设中始终坚持以马列主义、毛泽东思想、邓小平理论和“三个代表”重要思想为指导，坚持一切从实际出发，理论联系实际，实事求是，在实践中检验和发展真理；实行民主集中制，坚持走“一切为了群众，一切依靠群众，从群众中来，到群众中去”的群众路线。作为党员，理应严守党纪，牢记职责，勇于献身党的事业。
在学习过程中，使我明白了入党的关键是要从思想上入党，树立无产阶级世界观、人生观、价值观，树立全心全意为人民服务的信念。我也深刻体会到，全心全意为人民服务的含义不在于做出什么惊天动地的大事，而在于日常工作中一点一滴的奉献。正所谓，在平凡的工作中，做出不平凡的成绩。
入党不易，而要争做合格党员更难。作为一名入党积极分子，我决心从以下几方面入手，争取早日成为一名合格党员。首先，端正动机。只有端正入党动机，才能在困难和挫折面前保持积极乐观的心态，勇于克服前进道路上的不利因素，朝着既定的目标前进。不论组织上是否入了党，都应做到首先在思想上真正入党，在实践中检验自己。其次，加强学习。我将认真学习马列主义、毛泽东思想、邓小平理论和“三个代表”重要思想以及科学发展观等政治理论，努力提升政治理论素养，坚定社会主义理想信念，牢记党的宗旨，恪守党的纪律。再次，身体力行。“未进党的门，先做党的人”，作为入党积极分子，我将按照党员标准严格要求自己，自觉加强党性锻炼，努力增长才干，诚恳做人，踏实做事，争取在创先争优中提升自己，在挫折考验中磨练自己，在加快推进社会主义现代化建设的实践中检验自己。
党章是党的总章程, 集中体现了党的性质和宗旨、党的理论和路线方针政策、党的重要主张, 规定了党的重要制度和体制机制, 是全党必须共同遵守的根本行为规范。同时党章也不是一成不变的, 现行党章是1982年9月党的十二大修改制定的。后来党的十三大、十四大、十五大、十六大、十七大都对党章做出了不同程度的修改, 此次十八大根据党的理论的与时俱进和不断创新、党和国家事业发展的新要求以及党的建设伟大工程不断有新的创造和新的经验等对党章进行了新的修改是完全必要的和非常及时的, 特别是把科学发展观同马克思列宁主义、毛泽东思想、邓小平理论、“三个代表”重要思想一道确立为党的指导思想, 同时此次修正案中还完整表述了中国特色社会主义、将生态文明建设纳入总体布局、突出强调了坚持改革开放、充实完善党的建设总体要求及对党员和党的干部、党的基层组织等部分条文作了适当修改, 正如有的十八大代表评价的那样“从党章修正案中, 我们看到了中国共产党十七大以来取得的重大成果, 看到了中国共产党将实事求是、与时俱进精神进一步发扬光大, 看到了中华民族的美好未来”。党章修正案的通过与实施必将在新时期推进党的事业和党的建设中更好发挥根本性规范和指导作用。
习总书记指出“认真学习党章、严格遵守党章, 是学习贯彻党的十八大精神的重要内容”。学习与遵守党的章程是每名共产党员尤其是党员领导干部所必须做到的。结合档案工作实际, 我的主要体会是:
一是要在促进事业发展中始终坚持贯彻落实科学发展观。把科学发展观列入党的指导思想。把科学发展观写在我们党的旗帜上, 这体现了党的指导思想的与时俱进, 有利于把科学发展观贯彻到我国现代化建设全过程、体现到党的建设各方面。同时充实了党的十六大以来党的理论创新特别是科学发展观定位的内容。这有利于全党正确理解科学发展观的理论内涵和精神实质, 进一步把思想和行动统一到科学发展上来。党的十七大已经将科学发展观写入党章, 5年过去了, 科学发展观又经历了一个实践、认识、再实践、再认识的过程, 无数事实证明其理论内涵不断丰富, 实践成效不断显现。把科学发展观列入党的指导思想, 是党的十八大作出的重大决策, 科学发展观是中国特色社会主义理论体系最新成果, 是中国共产党集体智慧的结晶, 是指导党和国家全部工作的强大思想武器。把科学发展观同马克思列宁主义、毛泽东思想、邓小平理论、“三个代表”重要思想一道, 作为党必须长期坚持的指导思想, 对坚持和发展中国特色社会主义具有重大现实意义和深远历史意义, 符合时代发展要求, 顺应人民共同愿望, 也是这次党章修改的最大亮点和最突出的历史性贡献。
我省档案事业近年来所取得的成就表明, 始终不懈地坚持以马克思列宁主义、毛泽东思想、邓小平理论、“三个代表”重要思想和科学发展观为指导思想是促进档案事业发展和档案工作水平提高的根本之道和发展之源。在档案工作服务大局上我们坚持以人为本, 对外在延伸与扩展档案工作与服务领域的同时, 利用档案资政等为领导决策主动提供服务、利用民生档案数据库和政府政务公开信息面向百姓服务等方面取得了很好效果, 得到了领导和社会公众的认可。对内我们强化队伍建设, 在提高素质的基础上进一步改善了机构和人员结构, 不断增强适应新时期档案工作需要的能力。在坚持统筹兼顾, 促进档案事业全面协调可持续发展方针指导下, 我们抓住机遇, 在档案馆库建设、重大活动重大项目档案管理、档案法制建设、档案管理现代化、档案宣传出版、档案教育与科研以及各种保障措施等方面也取得新的成效, 促进了我省档案事业整体水平的不断提高。这些都是全省各级档案部门和广大档案工作者扎实贯彻落实科学发展观的结果。通过学习深刻认识到, 学习与遵守党章就是要在实践中坚持贯彻科学发展观, 以科学发展观统领全局, 促进我们所从事的档案事业实现又好又快地持续向前发展。
二是要充分发挥档案资源优势大力宣传社会主义制度和优越性。把中国特色社会主义道路、理论体系和制度一并写入党章是此次党章修改又一亮点之处。中国特色社会主义道路是实现途径, 中国特色社会主义理论体系是行动指南, 中国特色社会主义制度是根本保障, 实现途径、行动指南和根本保障, 这就是坚持和发展中国特色社会主义的最重要的核心。此次党章写入“确立了中国特色社会主义制度”将中国特色社会主义道路、理论体系、制度作为一个整体在党章进行完整表述, 对于深化全党同志对中国特色社会主义的认识, 增强坚持中国特色社会主义自觉性和坚定性有着重要意义。
中国特色社会主义制度符合我国国情, 集中体现了中国特色社会主义的特点和优势, 是中国发展进步的根本制度保障, 需要去大力去宣传, 而档案部门及档案工作者要切实负起这个重任, 档案在对历史负责、为现实服务、替未来着想方面有着不可替代的重要作用, 要把宣传社会主义制度纳入到为社会主义文化建设服务中去, 深入挖掘档案信息资源, 通过举办档案展览、出版档案史料、在媒体上公布和发表研究成果, 开放利用档案及政务公开信息服务等向社会和公众广泛宣传我国及本地社会发展历史、新旧社会对比、新中国特别是改革开放以来发展成就和人民的幸福生活等, 使人们从我们提供的档案和资料中看到祖国日新月异的成就及美好未来, 增强对社会主义制度及优越性的认识, 为提高全社会对中国特色社会主义道路自信、理论自信、制度自信做出档案部门和档案工作者的应有贡献。
三是要为经济建设、政治建设、文化建设、社会建设和生态文明建设主动提供优质档案服务。党章修正案对中国特色社会主义事业总体布局的充实和完善, 主要体现在把生态文明建设纳入中国特色社会主义事业总体布局。提出必须把生态文明建设放在突出地位, 融入经济建设、政治建设、文化建设、社会建设各方面和全过程, 建设美丽中国, 实现中华民族永续发展。经济发展与生态文明建设不是对立的, 人们富裕了, 就必然要求生活在一个更加美好的环境。生态文明建设的提出, 体现了我们发展观以人为本的要求, 也是小康社会的一个重要内容。加强生态文明建设, 是我们党对自然规律及人与自然关系再认识的重要成果, 是推动我国经济社会实现科学发展的必然要求。
档案工作及档案服务也要适应这种要求, 要像以往重视经济、政治、文化、社会建设档案管理那样重视生态文明建设领域里的档案管理, 包括环保及治理、资源建设、林业生态、食品安全等等, 要及时介入, 坚持以往那些好的作法, 主动为这些领域档案的建档工作提供服务, 并加强指导和监督。要充分利用好现有馆藏中前人留下的关于生态文明建设方面的档案资料, 加快编辑出版《辽宁资政》档案史料, 为建设美丽中国和美丽辽宁服好务。
四是要始终如一地坚持用改革开放来解决事业发展的难题。党章修正案总纲部分对阐述改革开放的自然段作了充实, “只有改革开放才能发展中国、发展社会主义”写入党章, 改革开放是强国之路, 是新时期最鲜明的特点。我国过去30多年的快速发展靠的是改革开放, 未来发展也必须坚定不移依靠改革开放。党的十八大对深化改革开放作出新的部署, 提出新的目标任务。有利于全党更加充分、更加深刻地认识坚持改革开放的重大意义, 更加自觉、更加坚定地推进改革开放。
改革开放对于推进档案事业发展也至关重要。我省档案事业发展实践也有力证明, 坚持改革开放才能促进事业发展, 如档案行政管理向依法行政的转变, 档案馆爱国主义教育基地、政府政务信息查阅场所建立等都是档案部门坚持改革开放的成果, 档案事业上许多发展目标都需要加大改革开放力度才能得以实现。当前随着我国改革开放的深入, 档案工作也遇到许多前所未有的难题, 如档案馆属性定位、非国有档案管理、电子文件档案的大量产生、社会档案中介组织的日益增多等, 有社会发展中新出现的, 也有我们体制上所固有的, 都是摆在面前亟待解决的问题。解决好这些就必须通过改革, 包括体制和工作方式方法的改革, 有些甚至是前人所未走过的道路和采用的作法。各级档案部门和人员要牢固树立改革开放意识, 坚定信念, 把握规律, 更好地促进中国特色社会主义档案事业向前发展。
五是要进一步加强和改进各级档案部门党的建设。党章修正案对总纲部分关于党的建设的总体要求作了适当修改。增写的加强党的纯洁性建设, 整体推进党的思想建设、组织建设、作风建设、反腐倡廉建设、制度建设, 全面提高党的建设科学化水平, 建设学习型、服务型、创新型的马克思主义执政党等新内容, 体现了我们党对马克思主义执政党建设规律认识的深化, 有利于进一步加强和改进党的建设, 应对党面临的考验和风险, 切实提高党的执政能力, 保持和发展党的先进性、纯洁性, 以改革创新精神全面推进党的建设新的伟大工程, 不断增强党的创造力、凝聚力、战斗力。档案事业是党和国家不可缺少的一项重要事业, 在为加强和改进党的建设提供档案服务的方面我们做了大量的工作, 如我们派人参加了全省保持共产党员先进性教育活动的档案收集整理和归档等, 今后仍要强化主动为党的建设服务。同时档案部门及其人员担负着为党管档、为国守史的重任, 加强和改进档案部门自身党的建设也是长期性的任务, 要按照党章要求继续加强党的思想建设、组织建设、作风建设, 坚持反腐倡廉, 进一步弘扬档案工作者爱岗敬业、无私奉献的精神, 在档案工作这个平凡的岗位上为加强和改进党的建设做出应有的贡献。
六是档案部门党员尤其是领导干部要做学习党章、遵守党章的模范。党章修正案中对党员、党的干部和干部工作提出了一些新要求, 增写了干部选拔监督、党的各级领导干部必须具备的基本条件及在党的基层组织中增写了积极创先争优的内容。习总书记在文章中强调指出认真学习党章、严格遵守党章, 是加强党的建设的一项基础性经常性工作, 也是全党同志的应尽义务和庄严责任, 对强化全党党章意识, 增强党的创造力、凝聚力、战斗力具有极为重要的作用。要以党的十八大党章修正案颁布为契机, 在全党兴起学习党章、遵守党章的热潮。同时号召要全面掌握党章基本内容、要严格遵守党章各项规定、党员领导干部要做学习党章、遵守党章的模范。
档案部门要积极响应习总书记的号召, 认真学习贯彻遵守党的章程, 广大党员同志特别是党员领导干部更应走在前头, 做学习党章、遵守党章的模范。要像习总书记提出的那样“凡是党章规定党员必须做到的, 领导干部要首先做到;凡是党章规定党员不能做的, 领导干部要带头不做。要严格按照党章规定的党员领导干部必须具备的六项基本条件, 提高自身素质和能力, 经常检查和弥补自身不足。特别是要在坚定理想信念、坚持实事求是、推动科学发展、密切联系群众、加强道德修养、严守党的纪律等方面为广大党员作出表率”。我作为党组书记、局 (馆) 长更应带头学习党章, 带头执行党的政治纪律, 带头严格执行党章关于党内政治生活的各项规定, 也有决心带领全省档案系统和省档案局 (馆) 完成好党和人民交给的重任。
目前，台湾“大选”选情呈现出胶着态势，如果蔡英文当选，其“中国政策”走向最让人关注。总体来说，蔡英文的“中国政策”包括两大部分：一是两岸政策，二是对外关系的操作。这两个方面相互承辅。就其两岸政策而言，蔡英文将奉行“和平的民主台独”路线；就其对外关系的操作而言，蔡英文则着力于重建与美国的信任模式，继续深化台日关系，以美日等国的支持谋求和平“台独”。
“和平的民主台独”路线
据笔者观察，蔡英文的两岸政策，从政策理念上看，一是坚持“台湾主权独立”，二是坚持“台湾前途由台湾人民自决”；从利益取向上看，则要求台海和平，追求繁荣、发展。因此，其两岸政策将从陈水扁时期的“法理台独”路线转向“和平的民主台独”路线，并建构岛内“民主机制”以防范两岸走向和平统一。
具体而言，与陈水扁时期相比，蔡英文的政策将有两个新的特点。其一，其法律手段将不再主要强调 “台独”的法理性，而是转向“公投”等“民主机制”的建构上。蔡英文称，“美方认为问题的核心在于台湾民主机制的健全与否”，“台湾是民主社会并有多元意见，民间对国家前途有不同程度的关切，因此如何透过好的民主机制反映出来，讓人民可在自己的民主机制当中维护自己的最大利益，这是核心”。蔡英文指称，美方朋友有共识，那就是“保护台湾利益最主要靠台湾人民”；“社会对于主权流失有集体忧虑，民进党的民调也显示，超过五成的民众担心台湾已经走在错误的道路上，证明台湾社会有共同的警觉心”；“只要人民有警觉，共同监督，台湾就不会很快崩毁”。其二，在岛内民意的引领上，蔡英文的重点将放在把“台湾主体意识”引向“台湾共识”。以“台湾主体意识”为核心内容的“台湾共识”一旦型塑完成，则其所谓纳入“台湾共识”的“一中各表”、“台湾前途选项开放”等，就自然而然地成了无用的摆设，其功能不过是包装“台独”、欺骗民众而已。
因此，蔡英文如果当选，在其主导下的民进党维持两岸交往的同时，在修法方面会有较大的动作。目前可以预测到的有几点，其一是“公投法”修法的可能性比较大。其二是在没有形成终级的“台湾共识”之前，以其目前“台湾共识”是个“凝聚共识的过程”、是个“程序共识”的说法，可能会搞出一部涵盖两岸交流协商、“台湾前途人民自决”等内容的程序性法律法规。而这首先涉及一旦民进党执政，“海峡两岸经济合作框架协议“（ECFA）相关协议的生效、变更、废止的问题，也关系到ECFA后续作为。其三是目前已经建立起来的两岸交流、协商机制，民进党是否承认、延续，将如何运作，是否会将这些机制中存在的所谓政治风险做一法律上的防堵，也是需要观察的。蔡英文“中国政策”智囊董立文就认为，如果没有“国会”监督与协商透明化，“经合会”有可能向政治方向发展，成为未来两岸政治商谈的渠道。
体认美国的亚太战略利益
民进党2008年下台后，为修补陈水扁时期的“冲撞外交”给台美互信带来的严重伤害，重新争取美国的信任与支持，为再执政做准备，民进党检讨了陈水扁时期对美关系的做法，通过频繁与美方负责亚太事务的官员与重要智库的交流沟通，试图重建民进党与美国的信任模式。目前这个模式虽然尚未完成，但已显现出这一模式的主体框架或主要内容，笔者将之概括为“一个中心，两个基本点”。“一个中心”是民进党要体认美国的亚太战略利益；“两个基本点”，一是将台美双方在两岸关系上的共识明确化，二是建构岛内“民主机制”以抵抗中国统一。
冷战结束以来，面对中国经济的崛起与国际影响力的提高，美国等西方主要国家一方面不得不逐渐对这样的现实予以尊重，并据此重新审视与大陆的关系，调整对大陆的政策，密切并更加重视与大陆的战略合作关系，以获取新形势下的国家最大利益；另一方面却对中国的战略意图极为戒备，害怕中国崛起损害其自身利益，冷战思维再次集中突显出来。美国为延续其“世界霸主”的地位，对中国采取日益鲜明的遏制政策，近年来围绕着区域影响力的争夺，美国公开宣扬“重返亚洲”，与中国的竞逐更加突出。日本则一方面保持与中国关系的平稳发展以获取最大经济利益，另一方面则谋求深化与美国的军事同盟关系。可以说，“以台制华”仍是美国等西方国家遏制中国的主要政策之一。
鉴于武力保卫台湾已不可能，美国等西方国家对台湾的支持更加强调两岸和平，并实质强化台湾的经济、自卫能力与国际地位，同时防止两岸走向统一。两岸关系进入和平发展阶段之后，随着两岸军事冲突的危险性进一步降低，美日的亚太战略利益所受到的军事威胁也随之降低，而两岸政治关系的走向则代之而起，成为美日进行国家软实力扩张的新威胁。因此，美日等国不会对中国崛起下的两岸关系动向袖手旁观。2011年10月“维基解密”曝出，马英九执政后，美国首次在国防部之外，主动增设国务院的美台政军对话，主要侧重对台政治方面的关切。该对话机制在美国方面由东亚局、政军事务局共同主办，在台湾方面由“外交部北美司司长”率团与会，“显示美方对台政治关系的重视，以及双方关系的提升”。这给深具冷战思维的蔡英文提供了依靠美日抗衡中国的充分理由和绝佳机会。
为获得美国的支持，蔡英文极力迎合美国的亚太战略利益，声称，ECFA“很可能导致东亚实力均衡遭到改变，使美国在此区域遭到边缘化”，希望美国加强在亚太地区的参与；呼应美国所提出的“泛太平洋伙伴关系”，并提出“台湾应建立包括美方在内的跨太平洋经济联盟”以“真正维持区域和平”；呼吁美国“须持续提供台湾适当的军售”，称台湾将善尽忠实盟友的角色，“民进党在追求台湾主权的同时，也会顾及和美国在内的其他友邦的共同利益并深化”。民进党前“驻美代表”吴钊燮称，民进党如果重新执政，“不会把与美国的关系放在两岸关系的后面”，会“比国民党政府更重视台美关系”。
强化对外沟通，找出共识
为预防台美关系可能出现的退步，蔡英文以其突出的危机防范意识和法律人的严谨，从厘清台美之间的共识与分歧入手，重新经营台美关系，确保双方交往透明化、稳定化。
蔡英文称，“美台之间没有无法解决的根本性歧异，因此重点在于如何经营”，“目前台美双方需要耐心与时间进行更多的沟通与讨论，以强化共同点以及针对歧异找出共识”。从民进党与美国沟通的内容上看，二者之间已经建立的共识包括：维持台湾“事实独立”，不走“法理台独”路线；维持两岸现状的稳定，维持目前两会协商架构及协议，维持台海的军事平衡；美国协助台湾与区域经济整合，协助台湾在国际社会发声并参与国际组织；确保两岸问题能以和平方式解决；“让台湾人民有决定自己前途的权利”等等。对民进党比较有挑战的是美方提出“想出办法接受九二共识”。从蔡英文的上述“中国政策”内容上看，“台湾共识”应该是其坚持不接受“九二共识”的解套之举。
此外，民进党将持续加强对日关系。加强与日本的交流与联系向来是民进党“国际”交往的重点。民进党执政八年间的台日关系被双方称为“台日关系最好时期”，凭借历史情感、政治军事同盟、“亲日远中”思维，民进党内老、中世代对日本政商界长年深入经营，日本亲台政客对民进党的信任、支持更甚于对国民党。民进党也认为，经营日本关系比经营美国关系更游刃有余。在2012年选举过程中，日本亲台势力对民进党选举的明显介入与支持，正说明民进党一旦执政，日本因素在两岸关系中的消极影响有可能会上升。
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