高一英语习题（共10篇）
1.Excuse me for breaking in, ____I have some news for you.A.SoB.andC.butD.yet2.Let Harry play with your toy as well, Clare.You should learn to___.．．
A.SupportB.careC.spareD.share
3.—when can I come for the photos? I need them tomorrow afternoon.--They ___be ready by 12:00.A.4.Paul doesn’t have to be made___.He always works hard.．．
CanB.shouldC.mightD.need
A.LearnB.to learnC.learnedD.learning
5.--Do you know John quarreled with his brother?--I don’t know,___.A.． Nor don’t I careB.Nor do I careC．
.I don’t care neitherD.I don’t care also
6.The skirt cost her ___money.What’s more , the colour is __dark for her.A.so much;too muchB.so much;very muchC.much too;too muchD.too much;much too
7.John shut everybody out of the kitchen ____he could prepare his grand surprise for the party.A.whichB.whenC.so thatD.ass if
8.-Will you give this message to Mr.White, please ?-Sorry , I can’t.He ___.A.doesn’t any more work hereB.doesn’t any longer here workC.doesn’t work any more hereD.doesn’t work here any longer 9.Mary enjoys ____questions but dislike ____them.A.to ask;to answerB.asking;answeringC.asking, to answerD.to ask;answering
10.I can hardly imagine Peter ____across the Atlantic Ocean in five days.A.sailB.to sailC.sailingD.to have sailed
11.As your spoken English gets better ,____your written English.A.so doesB.so will C.neither doesD.neither will 12.I want to make ____with him, but he is too proud.A.a friendB.friendsC.an enemyD.enemies
13.In order to protect the trees, the old man lives ____in a ____house, but he doesn’t feel____.A.alone , alone , lonelyB.lonely;alone;aloneC.lonely;lonely;aloneD.alone;lonely, lonely14.–She looks very happy.--_________.A.She is so and so are youB.So she does and so do youC.So she does and so you doD.so does she and so do you
15.He just plays football for ____,because he thinks it _____great pleasure to have sports after work..A.fun;/B.a fun;/ aC.fun;aD.a fun;/
16.–It is twelve o’clock.I think I must be off now.--Oh, really ? I_____it at all.A.don’t realizeB.haven’t realizedC.didn’t realizeD.hadn’t realized 17.–How much shall I pay for the phone call?--You _____.It’s free for charge.A.shouldn’tB.don’t have toC.can’tD.mustn’t18.–I’m going to an English Party held by Mrs.Liu--Oh, great.______.--Thanks.A.ByeB.See youC.Take careD.Have fun
19.–It is surprising that John came out of the plane alive.--Yes, only a few ____the crash.A.survivedB.surviveC.survivesD.has survived
20.He raised his voice so as to make himself ______by the people in the
back row.A.hearB.heardC.hearingD.be heard
21.No matter how late he is , his mother always waits ____dinner.A.for him to have B.for him having C.him havingD.him to have22.I haven’t heard from Henry for a long time.What do you suppose______To him?
A.was happening B.to happenC.has happenedD.had happened
23.It’s time for us young people to work hard to make our country______.A.rich & strongB.to be rich & strongC.be rich & strongD.becoming rich & strong24.The missing boy was seen ____near the river.A.playingB.playsC.playedD.to play25.I have my lunch in the school ____home.A.instead inB.instead atC.instead ofD.instead of at 26.—Shall we invite Mike to listen to some classic music?--I’m afraid he isn’t _____
A.to make fun ofB.to be made fun ofC.being made fun ofD.making fun 27.No one likes ______.A.to make fun of B.to be made of C.being made fun ofD.making fun 28.–Alice, you feed the bird today ,______?--But I fed it yesterday.A.do youB.will youC.didn’t youD.don’tyou
29.Although this TV set will take up more space ,____I think I should get
it.A.whileB.butC.howeverD.yet30.—I have got your invitation.--Oh, good _____.A.will you be able to comeB.Thanks a lotC.I’ll take itD.May I help you ?
例在△ABC中,角A,B,C的对应边为a,b,c,且ccos B+bcos C=2acos B,
(1)求角B;
分析将已知条件进行转化,即“角化边”或“边化角”.
(1)对于式子ccos B+bcos C=2acos B,可以有以下几种解法:
可对其利用正弦定理得到:
或者也可利用余弦定理得到:
我们的学生在(2)小题中存在的困惑是选择公式时不够准确,纠结在余弦定理和面积公式三个式子里选择哪个,笔者在教学中教给他们一个不是规定的约定,就是已知哪个角就用含有这个角正弦值的面积公式,用含有这个角余弦值的余弦公式.学生掌握的也较快.下面是对(2)小题进行变式:
变6:若在开始的条件中,改变成在锐角△ABC中,那么从“变1—变5”中哪些结果会变.
分析:来看变2和变3,此题可以先写出余弦定理b2=a2+c2-2accos B再用基本不等式可得:
来看变4,此题可以先写出余弦定理b2=a2+c2-2accos B再用基本不等式得到3=a2+c2-ac≥ac当a=c时(ac)max=3,进而能求出面积的最大值.
但是当有了“锐角三角形”这个条件的限制时,用基本不等式还要会再加其他的条件来进行求范围,显得有点麻烦,对于高一的学生有些难以接受.所以笔者就针对高一学生的知识储备和知识结构,对上述的几个变式采用了边到角的转化,实现了两条边(即两个未知量)到一个角(即一个未知量)的转化.
若是任意三角形,则A的范围容易确定0°<A<120°,
则利用三角函数知识能求得(1)式和(2)式的范围.
若三角形是锐角三角形,则确定A的范围是关键,也是一个难点.因为是锐角三角形,所以三角形的三个内角都必须是锐角,可做这样的限制.
再利用三角函数知识能求得(1)式和(2)式的范围.
1、下列说法正确的有
A．速度变化越大，加速度也越大
B．若加速度的方向与速度方向相同时，加速度减小，速度却增大
C．若加速度的方向与速度方向始终垂直，保持加速度大小不变，则物体速度也保持不变
D．物体作匀变速运动时，其加速度是均匀变化的
2、在平抛运动中，物体的
A.速度不变，加速度也不变
B.速度不变，加速度改变
C.速度改变，加速度不变
D.速度改变，加速度也改变
3、用水平力推静止在地面上的柜子，但没有推动它，则柜子受到的静摩擦力
A.方向与推力方向相同
B.大小等于零
C.大小与推力无关
D.大小等于推力
4、某同学用双手抓住单杠，两手臂伸直且其间夹角为下列哪个数值时，该同学感到最费力
A.120°B.90°C.60°D.30°
5、关于瞬时速度，正确说法是
A.瞬时速度是物体在某一小段位移时的速度
B.瞬时速度是某一段时间内的速度
C.瞬时速度是某一时刻的速度
D.瞬时速度是物体运动到某一位置时的速度
6、下列情况下中，物体处于平衡状态的是
A.物体在空中自由下落
B.物体沿斜面匀速下滑
C.物体竖直向上抛出到达最高点时
D.物体受恒力作用运动时
7、物体以2m/s2的加速度做匀加速直线运动，那么在任意1s内，物体的
A.位移是2m
B.末速度比初速度大2m/s
C.末速度是初速度的2倍
D.平均速度是2m/s
8、如图1所示，物体B的上表面水平，B上面载着物体A，当它们一起沿斜面匀速下滑时，A物体受到的力
A.只有重力
B.只有重力和支持力
C.有重力、支持力和摩擦力
D.有重力、支持力、摩擦力和下滑力
9、如图2所示是描述一列火车运动的位移－时间图象，则以下关于火车运动的说法正确的是
A.线段OA段表示火车做匀加速直线运动
B.线段AB段表示火车做匀速运动
C.线段BC段表示火车做匀速运动
D.开始火车通过12km用了10min
10、甲、乙两个物体，在相同合外力作用下速度都改变了4m/s，但甲用的时间是4s，乙用的时间是2s。则可知
A.甲物体的惯性大
B.乙物体的惯性大
C.甲、乙两物体的惯性一样大
D.不能确定哪个物体的惯性大
11、如图3所示，A、B两物体的质量分别为m、2m，与水平地面间的动摩擦因数相同，现用相同的水平力F作用在原来都静止的这两个物体上，若A物的加速度大小为a，则
Ａ.B物体的加速度大小为a／2
Ｂ.B物体的加速度大小也为a
Ｃ.B物体的加速度大小小于a／2
Ｄ.B物体的加速度大小大于a
12、在沿平直公路做匀加速直线运动的汽车上，从窗口释放一个物体，不计空气阻力，则车上的人看到该物体的运动是
A.自由落体运动
B.向后方倾斜的匀加速直线运动
C.平抛运动
D.向后方倾斜的匀速直线运动
13、甲车质量是乙车质量的2倍，把它们放在光滑水平面上，用力F作用在静止的甲车上时，得到2m/s2的加速度．若用力F作用在静止的乙车上，经过2s，乙车的速度大小是
A.2m/sB.4m/s
C.6m/sD.8m/s
14、一条船沿垂直于河岸的方向航行，它在静止水中航行的速度大小一定，当船行驶到河中心时，河水流速突然增大，这使得该船
A.渡河时间不变
B.到达对岸时的速度不变
C.渡河通过的路程增大
D.渡河通过的路程与发生的位移一样
15、玻璃生产线上，宽8m的成型玻璃板以3m/s的速度连续不断地向前行进在切割工序处，金钢钻割刀速度为5m/s，割下的玻璃板都成规定尺寸的矩形。金刚钻割刀切割完一块后，立即复位，紧接着切割第二块。复位时间忽略不计，则
A.切割一次时间为1.6S
B.金钢钻割刀应沿垂直玻璃板运动方向进行切割
C.切割一次时间为2S
D.切割出的矩形玻璃板的尺寸规格都为8m×6m
二、填空题
16、如图4是游标卡尺测量某工件时的示数情况，它的读数是：___________mm。
17、质量为10kg的物体受到F1、F2、F3三个共点力的作用而处于静止状态。现在由于F2突然消失而使物体获得了2m/s2的加速度，则F1和F3的合力大小是_______N，F2的大小是________N。
18、以20m/s的初速度将一物体由足够高的某处水平抛出，当它的竖直速度跟水平速度大小相等时经历的时间为________；这时物体的速度方向与水平方向的夹角是________。（g取10m/s2）
19、体重60kg的建筑工人，从5m高处不慎跌下来落到安全网上，经过1.2s速度为零，则该建筑工人从接触安全网到速度减为零的过程中安全网对人的平均作用力为________N。
20、在测定匀变速直线运动的加速度实验中：
（1）请在下列给出的器材中，选出实验所需的器材填在下方的横线上。
①打点计时器；②天平；③低压交流电源；④低压直流电源；⑤细线和纸带；⑥钩码和小车；⑦秒表；⑧一端有定滑轮的长木板；⑨刻度尺。
选出的器材有___________________。（填选项序号即可）
（2）在实验中，如图5为一次记录小车运动情况的纸带，图中A、B、C、D、E为相邻的计数点，相邻记数点间的时间间隔为T=0.1s，
该小车运动的加速度a=_________m/s2，计数点D的即时速度vD=_______m/s。
三、计算题。解答应写出必要的文字说明、方程式和重要演算步骤，有数值计算的题，答案中必须明确写出数值和单位。
21、用细绳AC和BC吊起一重物，两绳与竖直方向的夹角如图6所示。AC能承受的最大拉力为150Ｎ，BC能承受的最大拉力为100Ｎ。为了使绳子不断，所吊重物的质量不得超过多少？
22、如图7，小球m1从光滑的斜面上的A点由静止开始运动，与此同时小球m2在C点的正上方h处自由落下，m1途经斜面底端B点后以不变的速率继续在光滑的平面上运动，在C点恰好与自由下落的小球m2相遇，若AB=BC=l，且h=4.5l，不计空气阻力，试求：斜面的倾角θ等于多大？
23、如图8所示，将一物体A轻轻地放在匀速传送的传送带的a点，已知传送带速度大小v=2m/s，ab=2m，bc=4m，A与传送带的动摩擦因数μ=0.25，试求物块A运动到c点共需要多长时间？（g=10m/s2,sin37°=0.6，cos37°=0.8）
24．在某市区内，一辆小汽车在平直的公路上以速度vA向东行驶，一位观光旅客正由南向北从斑马线上横过马路。汽车司机发现前方有危险（游客正在D处），经0.7S作出反应，紧急刹车，但仍将正在步行到B处的游客撞伤，该汽车最终在C处停下，为了清晰了解事故现场，现以图示为例：为了判断汽车司机是否超速行驶，警方派一警车（和汽车行驶条件相同）以法定最高速度vm=14.0m/s行驶在同一马路的同一地段，在肇事汽车的起始制动点A紧急刹车，经过14.0m后停下来。在事故现场测得AB=17.5m，BC=14.0m， BD=1.7m。
问 ：（1）该肇事司机的初速度vA是多大？
（2）游客横过马路的速度v人是多大？
1. --____? --I’ve got a bad cough.
A. How do you do. B. What do you feel like C. What does it matter D. What’s the matter
2. I’ve got ____work to do on a____cold day.
A. much too; much too B. too much; too much C. too much; much too D. much too; too much
3. Swan Lake is a famous ballet in for acts ____ on a German fairy tale.
A. basing B. based C. bases D. to base
4. When can I come for the photos? I need them tomorrow afternoon. They ____ be ready by12:00.
A. can B. should C. might D. need
5. I advised you____drink water that isn’t____any more.
A. not; boiled B. not to; boiling C. not; boiling D. not to; boiled
6. –What did Mary have____breakfast this morning?
--She was late for school and hurried off____breakfast.
A. for; without B. at; without C. for; after D. at; after
7. After I had been in bed for two days, Mother ____ going to see a doctor art once.
A. stopped B. agreed C. suggested D. made
8. On National Day, people sing and dance to____ the birth of our country.
A. congratulate B. celebrate C. greet D. salute
9. I have neither a raincoat nor an umbrella. That’s why I ____ wait until the rain stops.
A. must B. should C. ought to D. have to
10. Do you know when the ____ song of the Beijing Olymp9ics will be chosen?
A. subject B. title C. topic D. theme
11. Sometimes I really wonder how I could make friends with a man who has little____with me.
A. in ordinary B. in common C. the same D. in similar
12. Don’t let yourself be taken ____ by these politicians.They are always lying.
A. up B. over C. away D. in
13. We expected him to do a little research work____ make a lot of experiments.
A. as much as B. as long as C. as well as D. as far as
14. ____ seems to be a possibility that we shall be able to afford the car we need.
A. It B. There C. That D. This
15. The boys are always playing ____ Carl. They hide his hat, steal his books, etc.
A. a joke in B. a role on C. games with D. tricks on
参考答案
1.集合{13,5,7,9}用描述法表示应是()
A.{x|x是不大于9的非负奇数}B.{x|x≤9，x∈N}C.{x|1≤x≤9，x∈N}D.{x|0≤x≤9，x∈Z}
2.由大于-3且小于11的偶数组成的集合是()
A.{x|-3
C.{x|-3
3.用列举法表示集合{x|x-2x+1=0}为()
A.{1,1}C.{x=1}
B.{1} D.{x-2x+1=0}
4.集合{x∈N|x<5}的另一种表示法是()
A.{0,1,2,3,4}C.{0,1,2,3,4,5}
B.{1,2,3,4}D.{1,2,3,4,5}
5.设集合M={x|x∈R且x23}，a=26，则()
A.a?M C.a=M
B.a∈M D.{a|a=6}=M
6.下列集合表示同一集合的是()
A.M={(3,2)}，N={(2,3)} B.M={(x，y)|x+y=1}，N={y|x+y=1}
C.M={4,5}，N={5,4} D.M={1,2}，N={(1,2)}
6.设集合A={1,2,3}，B={4,5}，M={x|x=a+b，a∈A，b∈B}，则M中元素的个数
A.3 B.4
C.5 D.6
7.坐标轴上的点的集合可表示为()
A.{(x，y)|x=0，y≠0，或x≠0，y=0}B.{(x，y)|x2+y2
=0}
C.{(x，y)|xy=0}D.{(x，y)|x2+y2≠0}
8.将集合“奇数的全体”用描述法表示为①{x|x=2n-1，n∈N*};②{x|x=2n+1，n∈Z};③{x|x=2n-1，n∈Z};④{x|x=2n+1，n∈R};⑤{x|x=2n+5，n∈Z}.其中正确的`是________.
9.已知命题：
(1){偶数}={x|x=2k，k∈Z};
(2){x||x|≤2，x∈Z}={-2，-1,0,1,2};(3){(x，y)|x+y=3且x-y=1}={1,2}.其中正确的是________.
10.已知集合A={1,0，-1,3}，B={y|y=|x|，x∈A}，则B=________..
10.用另一种方法表示下列集合.
(1){绝对值不大于2的整数};(2){能被3整除，且小于10的正数};(3){x|x=|x|，x<5且x∈Z};
4){(x，y)|x+y=6，x，y均为正整数};(5){-3，-1,1,3,5}.
11.用描述法表示下列集合.
(1)正偶数集;
(2)被3除余2的正整数集合;
(3)坐标平面内在第四象限的点组成的集合.
12.已知集合{x|x+ax+b=0}={2,3}，求a，b的值.
13.下列集合是有限集的是()
A.{x|x是被3整除的数}B.{x∈R|0
第一单元 公民的政治生活
1．公民参与政治生活必须遵循的原则是什么？公民权利和义务的关系是怎样的？怎样处理好权利和义务的关系？
2．民主决策的方式有哪些？意义是怎样的？
3．民主监督：（1）民主监督的意义有哪些？
（2）公民怎样进行民主监督？
第二单元 为人民服务的政府
1．政府的职能有哪些？
2．政府的总旨、原则是什么？(原则的内容)
3．为什么依法行政？（准备选择题）怎样依法行政？
4．为什么对政府行使权力进行监督？（准备选择题）怎样进行监督？
第三单元 发展社会主义民主政治
1．人民代表大会制度
（1）人大：职权，人大与其他国家机关的关系
（2）人大制度：特点，内容，意义（准备选择题）
2．中国共产党：
（1）为什么坚持党的领导？
（2）怎样坚持党的领导？
3．政党制度：是什么？内容有哪些？
第四单元：当代国际社会
1．主权国家的权利和义务有哪些？
2．国际关系的决定因素是什么？
3．当代国际竞争的实质是什么？ 各个国家怎样应对？
关键词：习题教学,英语学习,解题规律
习题课不仅是老师一个人讲解的事, 教师事先必须精心设计每一句话, 精心设计每一问题, 精心设计每一教学环节, 竭力避免教育时间资源的浪费。通过让学生先思考、解答;教师的分析、探解让学生对自己的思路有所评价, 突破自己的难关。学生通过听讲, 理解正确的解题过程, 掌握关键点, 抓住主要问题, 使思维条理化, 清晰明了, 对其思维的快速形成有不可忽略的帮助。而教师通过听学生的分析, 能更好地了解学生的思维、认知水平, 掌握学生的思维动态, 抓住薄弱环节, 更快更好地帮助学生找出解题规律, 建立良好的解题思路。
一、调动学生学习英语的积极性
动机是学习的动力, 是学生在学习活动中的一种自觉能动性、积极性的心理状态。有动机的学习, 其效果较好, 无动机的学习往往敷衍了事。因此, 习题课的其中一个重要任务就是引起动机, 激学生学习的兴趣, 学生愿意表现自我。而通过习题课, 不仅给学生提供展示自我、充实自我的平台, 教师也正好利用习题课提问、评价的途径, 使学生的好胜心、竞争欲、求赞许的动机得到满足, 以引起学习的兴趣, 提高学习的效率, 并逐步引导他们树立正确的学习目的。比如, 在上反身代词这一讲时, 首先明确教学目的, 就是让学生学习七个反身代词和作主语同位语的主要用法, 然后根据学生平时所接受的程度来确定教法。在“联旧引新”这个环节中, 可让英语成绩较差的一男生和一女生上黑板写:“I——my”“you——your”“he——his”“she——her”“we—our”“you——your”“they——their”七对作主格和作形容词用的人称代词, 给他们一个表现机会, 老师指着那位男生对全班说 (并提醒全班在听的过程中特别注意最后一个单词, 分析其构词法) 。“He can write these words himself”;然后指着那位女生对全班说“She can write these words herself” (每引出一个反身代词, 都把它写在学生所写单词后面) 。接着, 教师在黑板上写“They can write these words_____”, 提问学生这个空格该填什么。学生在前面例子的启发下, 有些填“theirself”, 有些填“themselves”。英语中没有这两个单词。教师把正确的填法“themselves”告诉他们, 此时, 正确与错误的填法相对照, 学生印象深刻, 记得牢。接着, 教师又提问全班:“Can all of you write these words yourselves?”教师听到有人回答时用“ourself”“weself”“ourselves”。接着又问:“Can all of us write these words ourselves?”学生回答之后老师再说:“Yes. We can write these words ourselves。”这样, 把正确的反身代“ourselves”告诉了学生。教师又在黑板上边画简笔画边说:“I can draw a tree myself.I can draw a car myself.”教师又提问一个学生:“Can you draw a cat yourself?”他在回答时用了“myself”。至此, 引出了七个反身代词。现在教师引导学生总结反身代词的构成规律, 特别指出“himself”“themselves”是个例外。此时, 指出反身代词作主语同位语的用法。在引导学生进行巩固练习上, 教师联系生活实际, 提问学生。教师还应引导学生进行听、说、读、写、背、交换句型练习, 创造语言环境, 当学生看图说出“Mike can find his shoes himself under the bed”时, 情不自禁地为形象的画面所感染, 这样就轻松地达到了教学的要求。
二、老师要认真备习题与学生
一些老师认为, 上习题课较上课文轻松, 其实则不然。习题课要求教师对本节课的内容自己要深刻掌握, 熟练掌握这些知识所需要的策略;充分了解学生的实际, 对学生原有的基础有比较准确的估计, 即备课要充分。习题课不仅仅是对答案, 老师需先将试题做一遍, 再结合学生的具体情况, 综观全卷认真研究, 确定重、难点。涉及到某一方面的知识点时, 老师应将其归纳总结, 使学生对所学知识系统化, 在大脑中形成系统的知识网络, 便于取用。这样老师讲解就能有的放矢, 讲学生普遍存在的问题, 可收到事半功倍的效果。
三、把握好主导与主体的关系
英语复习课内容涉及概念、语法、词汇, 信息量大, 课堂时间安排一定要紧凑, 使学生的注意力始终集中。讲评时, 教师要少讲、精讲, 真正做到画龙点睛, 不仅要帮助学生解疑纠错, 更重要的是要引导学生总结规律, 探索方法, 培养能力。要充分相信学生, 注意从学生思维角度去剖析问题, 运用设疑、讨论、启发、诱导等方式, 给他们充分的时间去思考、表现、印证、体会和消化, 要允许学生反驳质疑, 鼓励学生各抒己见、高度评价并推广学生创造优秀解法和好的思路, 提高学生的学习热情, 使他们由被动的接受变为自觉的参与。
四、要注意讲练结合, 培养解题能力
做题技能与技巧的获得要通过大量的练习来实现。要结合具体例子, 向学生传授做题方法与技巧, 指导学生养成以正反两方面考虑问题的习惯, 培养学生思维的灵活性。讲评时, 不仅要讲清知识点, 突出考点, 更重要的是培养能力。要结合具体题目, 引导学生养成良好的审题习惯, 逐渐归纳出各类题型的审题方法和思路, 不断提高对某些信息的摒除能力, 对繁杂信息的分类整理能力, 对重要或关键信息的发现、重视能力, 对已接受信息的想象能力。做英语客观题时要严格, 善于变通地思考问题, 能用多种方法解决问题, 在条件发生变化时, 能随机应变, 迅速作出反应。对自己的各种假设及结论加以调整和校正, 从而保证思维结果的正确性。做书面表达时, 老师先提供具体实例, 向学生讲解如何审题及用英语进行思维, 列出要点, 确定时态, 再用相应的英语句型翻译, 要避免逐字逐句的翻译。在讲解阅读理解题时, 老师要针对具体材料, 指导学生如何扩大视幅;如何抓住重点词与中心句, 让他们尽力减少回视的次数;如何做不同类型的问答题, 针对学生不理解的疑难问题, 给学生指出原文叙述相应问题答案的某一段或几句话, 并让他们仔细研读。这样能使学生亲自实践, 并增强其阅读的自信心。可以提高与学生的互动, 让学生真正地参与到课堂中来。不再一味地只是听老师讲课。。可以采取多种形式多种手段来上课呀。比如, 说做一些小游戏啊, 搞一些小比赛呀什么的。不仅在听觉上, 而且在视觉上让学生全面地学习。
1.下列各组词语中，加点字读音没有错误的一项是A.丫杈(chà) 长吁(xū)短叹 应和(hè) 猝(cuì)然长逝
B. 羁绊(pàn ) 中流砥(dǐ)柱 蛮横(hén) 戛(jiá)然而止
C.媲(pì)美 引颈受戮(lù) 拗(ào)口 根深蒂(dì)固
D.绮(qǐ)丽 莫衷(chōn)一是 炮制(páo) 怏怏(yān)不乐
2.下面词语中书写完全正确的一项是
A.诘责 更胜一筹 禁锢 恪尽职守
B.亵渎 龙吟凤秽 清洌 通宵达旦
C.阑语 相得益彰 混淆 翻来覆去
D.惬意 神秘莫测 沉缅 断壁残园
3.依次填入下列各句子中横线处的词语，最恰当的一项是
①我有时把手放在我的胸膛上，我知道我的心还是跳动的，我的心还在喷涌着热血，因为我常常感到它在 着一种热情。
②我们欧洲人是文明人，中国人在我们眼中是野蛮人。这就是 对 所干的事情。
③他在我们店里，品行却比别人都好，就是从不拖欠： 间或没有现钱，暂时记在粉板上， 不出一月，定然还清，从粉板上拭去了孔乙己的名字。
A.澎湃 文明/野蛮 既然/就B.泛滥 野蛮/文明 既然/就
C.澎湃 野蛮/文明 虽然/但D.泛滥 文明/野蛮 虽然/但
4.下列句子中加点的词语使用恰当的一项是
A.神舟八号像一支离弦之箭，气冲斗牛，直上云天，与天宫一号成功对接，成为我国载人航天发展史上新的里程碑。
B.在苏东坡975岁寿诞那天，三苏祠内古乐声声，祭祀人员在两名礼生的带领下，为民请命，完成了祭祀仪式。
C.近日，一部关于美食的纪录片《舌尖上的.中国》介绍了广为人知的川菜，受到观众的喜爱，这正好印证了物以稀为贵的说法。
D.《傅雷家书》是经典的教子之作，有人模仿这种书信体，写出的文章却味同嚼蜡，没有深意。
5.下列各句中没有语病的一项是
A.眉山的仲夏时节是旅游休闲的好去处。
B.良好的学习态度，很大程度上决定着学生成绩能否提高。
C.从叙利亚目前紧张的局势来看，我们不得不认为世界和平距我们还很遥远。
D.发展并构想好特色产业，让眉山以最快速度融入天府新区。
(1) ，引无数英雄竞折腰。(毛泽东《沁园春·雪》)
(2)窈窕淑女， 。(《诗经》)
(3) ，奉命于危难之间。(诸葛亮《出师表》)
(4)感时花溅泪， 。(杜甫《春望》)
(5) ，却话巴山夜雨时。(李商隐《夜雨寄北》)
三、阅读《桃花源记》完成7～9题。
林尽水源，便得一山，山有小口，仿佛若有光。便舍船，从口入。初极狭，才通人。复行数十步，豁然开朗。土地平旷，屋舍俨然，有良田美池桑竹之属。阡陌交通，鸡犬相闻。其中往来种作，男女衣着，悉如外人。黄发垂髫，并怡然自乐。
见渔人，乃大惊，问所从来。具答之。便要还家，设酒杀鸡作食。村中闻有此人，咸来问讯。自云先世避秦时乱，率妻子邑人来此绝境，不复出焉，遂与外人间隔。问今是何世，乃不知有汉，无论魏晋。此人一一为具言所闻，皆叹惋。余人各复延至其家，皆出酒食。停数日，辞去。此中人语云：不足为外人道也。
7、下面加点词解释错误的一项是( )A、有良田美池桑竹之属(类) B、悉如外人(熟悉)便要还家(邀请)D、余人各复延至其家(邀请)
下面加点词的意思和现代汉语相同的一项是( )A、复行数十步，豁然开朗 B、阡陌交通
C、率妻子邑人来此绝境 D、乃不知有汉，无论魏、晋
对本文理解有误的一项是( )A、本文是以渔人的行踪为线索。B、本文既然名为记，当然就是一篇记叙性的文章。C、便要还家，设酒杀鸡作食、余人各复延至其家表现了桃花源人热情好客的特点，因为他们害怕世人来破坏他们和平安宁的生活。D、本文表达了作者对理想社会的热烈追求，同时含蓄地表达了对现实社会的不满。本文记叙了件什么事?请用简洁的语言概括。(3分)请结合文章内容，具体分析弟弟是个怎样的人。(分析其中两点即可)(分)文章的语言朴实真挚，有表现力，请从文中画线的句子任选一处品味。(分)文章的结尾写到：月台上，个女孩，蹲下身双手抱头，泣不成声请你发挥想象，以第一人称的方式描写她此时的心理活动。(4分)
(1) ，引无数英雄竞折腰。(毛泽东《沁园春·雪》)
(2)窈窕淑女， 。(《诗经》)
(3) ，奉命于危难之间。(诸葛亮《出师表》)
(4)感时花溅泪， 。(杜甫《春望》)
(5) ，却话巴山夜雨时。(李商隐《夜雨寄北》)
10、选文的中心论点是(2分)
11、综观全文，作者认为汉语危机出现的具体原因有哪些?请分点概括。(3分)
12、选文第⑥段运用了哪些论证方法?其作用是什么?(4分)
13、结合选文内容和中学生的实际，说说我们应该怎样拯救世界上最美的语言。(3分)
14、本文记叙了件什么事?请用简洁的语言概括。(3分)
15、请结合文章内容，具体分析弟弟是个怎样的人。(分析其中两点即可)(4分)
16、文章的语言朴实真挚，有表现力，请从文中画线的句子任选一处品味。(3分)
17、文章的结尾写到：月台上，个女孩，蹲下身双手抱头，泣不成声请你发挥想象，以第一人称的方式描写她此时的心理活动。(4分)
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新高一语文假期作业四答案
一.选择
1.C(A：猝应为cù;B：绊应为：bàn，横应为：hènɡ;D：衷应为zhōnɡ，怏应为yànɡ)
2.A(B：秽应为哕;C：阑应为谰;D：缅应为湎，园应为垣)
3.D(①：泛滥贬义褒用，比澎湃更能表现激愤狂放的心情;②：文明、野蛮反语，与前者相呼应;③：既然/就表因果，虽然/但表转折，这里表转折)
4.D(A：气冲斗牛形容气势之盛可以直冲云霄(一般指人)，语境不当，并且与直上云天语意重复;B：为民请命指为老百姓的事 向当局提出请求或申诉，对象不当;C：物以稀为贵与广为人知相矛盾。)
5.C(A：主宾搭配不当;B：前后不一致(一面和两面不能同时呼应)D：语序不当)
二.默写
6(1)江山如此多娇(2)君子好逑(3)受任于败军之际 (4)恨别鸟惊心 (5)何当共剪西窗烛
三、7、A 8、B 9、B
四、10、拯救世界上最美的语言。
11、①英语、拉丁文等外语的冲击;②许多作家对汉语不尊重;
③全民学英语热潮的冲击;④网络语言向现实生活的渗透。(答出三点、意近即可)
12、运用举例论证和对比论证。把汉语热在全球持续升温与汉语在故乡受到冷落进行对比，突出了拯救汉语的重要性与迫切性。(意近即可)
13、①每个炎黄子孙都要树立和强化保护母语的责任意识。②学生作文应该慎用或不用网络语言，养成规范使用语言文字的习惯。③在日常的沟通交流中，我们应该尽可能使用普通话，减少汉语交流的障碍。④学好文言文，传承我国优秀的文化遗产，丰富我们的汉语语言。(答出三点，意近即可)
五、14、示例：一位家境贫穷的女孩收到了大学录取通知书为了减轻家庭负担供弟弟读书决定放弃，就在此时弟弟也决定放弃学业和舅舅一起打工支持姐姐读书。
15、①聪明勤学懂事知道体谅父母，小小年纪就知道关爱家人，处理问题。②勤劳善良，常常帮家里干活，甚至耽误学习也无怨言，爱护父母、姐姐主动放弃自己的学业打工挣钱供姐姐读书更显示其责任感。
16、A：她的这一举动充分显示了女孩的善良懂事知道体谅父母，为家人着想宁愿舍弃自己的前途来无私支持弟弟。
B：弟弟知道直接告诉姐姐自己的打算姐姐必定会坚决反对，就有意回避这个问题，假装对省城好奇，以便顺利和舅舅出去打工来支持姐姐读书，可见弟弟的细心对姐姐和父母的关心爱护。
1.(20 高考四川卷)设集合A={1,2,3},集合B={ -2,2},则A∩B等于( B )
(A) (B){2}
(C){-2,2} (D){-2,1,2,3}
解析:A∩B={2},故选B.
2.若全集U={-1,0,1,2},P={x∈Z|x2<2},则?UP等于( A )
(A){2} (B){0,2}
(C){-1,2} (D){-1,0,2}
解析:依题意得集合P={-1,0,1},
故?UP={2}.故选A.
3.已知集合A={x|x>1},则(?RA)∩N的子集有( C )
(A)1个 (B)2个 (C)4个 (D)8个
解析:由题意可得?RA={x|x≤1},
所以(?RA)∩N={0,1},其子集有4个,故选C.
4.(高考全国新课标卷Ⅰ)已知集合A={x|x2-2x>0},B={x|-
(A)A∩B= (B)A∪B=R
(C)B?A (D)A?B
解析:A={x|x>2或x<0},
∴A∪B=R,故选B.
5.已知集合M={x ≥0,x∈R},N={y|y=3x2+1,x∈R},则M∩N等于( C )
(A) (B){x|x≥1}
(C){x|x>1} (D){x|x≥1或x<0}
解析:M={x|x≤0或x>1},N={y|y≥1}={x|x≥1}.
∴M∩N={x|x>1},故选C.
6.设集合A={x + =1},集合B={y - =1},则A∩B等于( C )
(A)[-2,- ] (B)[ ,2]
(C)[-2,- ]∪[ ,2] (D)[-2,2]
解析:集合A表示椭圆上的点的横坐标的取值范围
A=[-2,2],
集合B表示双曲线上的点的纵坐标的取值范围
B=(-∞,- ]∪[ ,+∞),
所以A∩B=[-2,- ]∪[ ,2].故选C.
二、填空题
7.( 年高考上海卷)若集合A={x|2x+1>0},
B={x||x-1|<2},则A∩B= .
解析:A={x x>- },B={x|-1
所以A∩B={x -
答案:{x -
8.已知集合A={ x <0},且2∈A,3?A,则实数a的取值范围是 .
解析:因为2∈A,所以 <0,
即(2a-1)(a- 2)>0,
解得a>2或a< .①
若3∈A,则 <0,
即( 3a-1)(a-3)>0,
解得a>3或a< ,
所以3?A时, ≤a≤3,②
①②取交集得实数a的取值范围是 ∪(2,3].
答案: ∪(2,3]
9.(济南3月模拟)已知集合A={-1,1},B={x|ax+1=0},若B?A,则实数a的所有可能取值组成的集合为 .
解析:若a=0时,B= ,满足B?A,
若a≠0,B=(- ),
∵B?A,
∴- =-1或- =1,
∴a=1或a=-1.
所以a=0或a=1或a=-1组成的集合为{-1,0,1}.
答案:{-1,0,1}
10.已知集合A={x|x2+ x+1=0},若A∩R= ,则实数m的取值范围是 .
解析:∵A∩R= ,∴A= ,
∴Δ=( )2-4<0,∴0≤m<4.
答案:[0,4)
11.已知集合A={x|x2-2x-3>0},B={x|x2+ax+b≤0},若A∪B=R,A∩B={x| 3
解析:A={x|x<-1或x>3},
∵A∪B=R,A∩B={x|3
∴B={x|-1≤x≤4},
即方程x2+ax+b=0的两根为x1=-1,x2=4.
∴a=-3,b=-4,
∴a+b=-7.
答案:-7
三、解答题
12.已知集合A={-4,2a-1,a2},B={a-5,1-a,9},分别求适合下列条件的a的值.
(1)9∈(A∩B);
(2){9}=A∩B.
解:(1) ∵9∈(A∩B),
∴2a-1= 9或a2=9,
∴a=5或a=3或a=-3.
当a=5时,A={-4,9,25},B={0,-4,9};
当a=3时,a-5=1-a=-2,不满足集合元素的互异性;
当a=-3时,A={-4,-7,9},B={-8,4,9},
所以a=5或a=-3.
(2)由(1)可知,当a=5时,A∩B={-4,9},不合题意,
当a=-3时,A∩B={9}.
所以a=- 3.
13.已知集合A={x|x2-2x-3≤0};B={x|x2-2mx+m2-4≤0,x∈R,m∈R}.
(1)若A∩B=[0,3],求实数m的值;
(2)若A??RB,求实数m的取值范围.
解:由已知得A={x|-1≤x≤3},
B={x|m-2≤x≤m+2}.
(1)∵A∩B=[0,3],
∴
∴m=2.
(2)?RB={x|xm+2},
∵A??RB,
∴m-2>3或m+2<-1,
即m>5或m<-3.
14.设U=R,集合A={x |x2+3x+2=0},B={x|x2+(m+1)x+m=0},若
(?UA)∩B= ,求m的值.
解:A={x|x=-1或x=-2},
?UA={x|x≠-1且x≠-2}.
方程x2+(m+1)x+m=0的根是x1=-1,x2=-m,
当-m=-1,即m=1时,B={-1},
此时(?UA)∩B= .
当-m≠-1,即m≠1时,B={-1,-m},
∵(?UA)∩B= ,
∴-m=-2,即m=2.
第一部分听力 ( 共两节, 满分30分) ( 略)
第二部分阅读理解 ( 共两节, 满分40分)
第一节 ( 共15小题; 每小题2分, 满分30分)
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的四个选项 ( A、B、C和D ) 中, 选出最佳选项。
A
People fell in love with Elizabeth Taylor in 1944, when she starred in National Velvet—thestory of Velvet Brown, a young girl who wins first place in a famous horse race. At first, the producers of the movie told Taylor that she was too small to play the part of Velvet. However, they waited for her for a few months as she exercised and trained—and added three inches ( 英寸 ) to her height in four months! Her acting in National Velvet is still considered the best by a child actress.
Elizabeth Taylor was born in London in 1932.Her parents, both Americans, had moved there for business reasons. When World War II started, the Taylor moved to Beverly Hills, California, and there Elizabeth started acting in movies. After her success as a child star, Taylor had no trouble moving into adult ( 成人) roles and won twice for Best Actress: Butterfield 8 ( 1960 ) and Who's Afraid of Virginia Woolf ? ( 1966)
Taylor's fame ( 名声) and popularity gave her a lot of power with the movie industry, so she was able to demand very high pay for her movies. In 1963, she received $ 1 million for her part in Cleopatra—the highest pay received by any star up to that time.
Elizabeth Taylor is a legend ( 传奇人物) of our time. Like Velvet Brown in National Velvet, she has been lucky, she has beauty, fame and wealth. But she is also a hard worker. Taylor seldom acts in movies any more. Instead, she puts her time and efforts into her businesses, and into helping others—several years ago, she founded an organization that has raised more than $ 40 million for research and education.
21. The producers didn't let Taylor play the part of Velvet at first because they thought she.
A. did not show much interest
B. was too young
C. did not play well enough
D. was small in size
22 What Elizabeth Taylor and Velvet Brown had in common was that they were both__________.
A. popular all their lives
B. famous actresses
C. successful when very young
D. rich and kind-hearted
23. Taylor became Best Actress at the age of_________.
A. 12 B. 28
C. 31 D. 34
B
The first newspapers were written by hand and put up on walls in public places. The earliest daily newspaper was started in Rome in 59 BC. In the 700's the world's first printed newspaper was published. Europe did not have regularly published newspaper until 1690, when one was started in Germany.
The first regularly published newspaper in the English language was printed in London and was published once a week. The first daily English newspaper was the Daily Courant. It came out in March 1702.
In 1690, Benjamin Harris printed the first American newspaper in Boston. But not long after it was first published, the government stopped the paper. In 1704, John Campbell started the Boston Newsletter ( 波士顿新闻通讯 ) , the first newspaper published daily in the British colonies. By 1760, the colonies had more than thirty daily newspapers. There are now about 1800 daily papers in the United States.
Today, as a group, English language newspapers have the largest circulation ( 发行量 ) in the world. But the largest circulation for a newspaper is that of the Japanese newspaper Asahi Shim bun ( 朝日新闻) . It sells more than eleven million copies everyday.
24. The first daily newspaper came out______.
A. in 59 BC
B. in the 700's
C. in 1609
D. in 1704
25. The first regularly published newspaper in Europe was printed in__________.
A. England B. Germany
C. France D. Sweden
26. The first English daily newspaper was started in__________.
A. London B. Rome
C. Amsterdam D. Boston
27. The first American daily newspaper was published by____________.
A. Benjamin Harris
B. John Campbell
C. the American government
D. American colonies
C
Making a film takes a long time and is very hard work. Writing the story for the film may take many weeks. Shooting the film often takes at least six months. Actors and cameramen work from very early in the morning until late at night. Each scene has to be acted and re-acted, filmed and refilmed, until it is just fight. Sometimes the same scene has to be acted many times.
The film studio is like a large factory, and the indoor stages are very big indeed. Scenery of all kinds is made in the studio. Churches, houses, and forests are all built of wood and cardboard. Several hundred people work together to make one film. Some of these people are the actors and actresses. The director of the film, however, is the most important person in a film studio. He decides how the scenes should be filmed and how the actors should act.
Most people go to see a film because they know the film stars are in it. Sometimes the film may be very poor. It is best to choose a film made by a good director. Some famous directors make their films very real; people feel that they themselves are among the people in the films.
28. Making a film is__________.
A. very easy B. very difficult
C. quite interesting D. quite funny
29. The underlined word “shooting”in the first paragraph means____________.
A. killing B. making
C. developing D. watching
30. Which of the following statements is NOT true?
A. Writing the story for the film is a part of making a film.
B. The indoor stages in the film studio are very big.
C. Shooting the film often takes many months.
D. All of the people in film are actors and actresses.
31. Which would be the best title for the passage?
A. Making a film
B. Actors and actresses
C. A director
D. Writing the story
D
There is a popular belief among parents that schools are no longer interested in spelling. Noschool I have ever taught in has ever ignored spelling or considered it unimportant as a basicskill. There are, however, different ideas about how to teach it, or how much priority it must be given over general language development and writing ability. The problem is, how to encourage a child to express himself freely and confidently in writing without holding him back with the complexities of spelling.
If spelling becomes the only focal point of his teacher's interest, clearly a bright child will be likely to “play safe”. He will tend to write only words within his spelling range, choosing to avoid adventurous language. That's why teachers often encourage the early use of dictionaries and pay attention to content rather than technical ability.
I was once shocked to read on the bottom of a sensitive piece of writing about a personal experience. “This work is terrible! There are far too many spelling errors and your writing is terrible. ”It may have been a sharp criticism of the pupil's technical abilities in writing, but it was also a sad reflection on the teacher who had omitted to read the essay, which contained some beautiful expressions of the child's deep feelings. The teacher was not wrong to draw attention to the errors, but if his priorities had centered on the child's ideas, an expression of his disappointment with the presentation would have given the pupil more motivation to seek improvement.
32. Teachers are different in their opinions about____________.
A. the difficulties in teaching spelling
B. the role of spelling in general language development
C. the complexities of the basic writing skills
D. the necessity of teaching spelling
33. The underlined expression “play safe ”probably means_________.
A. to write carefully
B. to do as teachers say
C. to use dictionaries frequently
D. to avoid using words one is not sure of
34. Teachers encourage the use of dictionaries so that___________.
A. students will be able to express their ideas more freely
B.students will have more confidence in writing
C. teachers will have less trouble in correcting mistakes
D. students will learn to be independent of teachers
35. The major point discussed in the passage is____________.
A . the im portance of developing w riting skills
B. the complexities of spelling
C. the correct way of marking compositions
D. the relationship between spelling and the content of a composition
第二节 ( 共5小题; 每小题2分, 满分10分)
根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
We had been living in our valley for sixteen months when we first realized the dangers that could exist. It was the year when the storms came early, before the calendar even hinted at winter, even before November was out.
Soon snow began to fall. Within a day it lay some 15 centimeters deep. It almost completely blocked our lane and made the streamside path slippery and dangerous. But on the neighboring heights the snow was much deeper and stayed for longer. Up there the wind blasted fiercely. Deeply in our valley we felt only sudden gusts of wind:trees swayed but the branches held firm.
And yet we knew that there was reason for us to worry. The snow and wind were certainly inconvenient but they did not really trouble us greatly.It reminded us of what could have occurred if circumstances had been different, ifthe flow of water from the hills had not, many years before, been controlled, held back by a series of dams.
Day after day, we watched furious clouds pile up high over the hills to the west.Sinister gray clouds extended over the valleys.They twisted and turned, rising eastwards and upwards, warning of what was to come. We had seen enough of the sky; now we began to watch the river, which every day was becoming fuller and wilder.
The river seemed maddened as the waters poured almost horizontally down to its lower stretches.
It was far deeper than we'd ever seen it so near our home, lunging furiously at its banks. For three days we prayed that it would stay below its wall.
A. It was the river, the Ryburn, which normally flowed so gently, that threatened us most.
B. The great power of all this water prevents us from believing ourselves to be completely safe in our home.
C. In a short time the snow started to melt.
D. Just a couple of meters from our cottage, the stream seemed wild beneath the bridge.
E. Our prayer were answered as the dam held and the waters began to subside.
F. They grew so strong that we wouldn't control it.
G. Until then, we had felt safe and sheltered in our valley.
第三部分英语知识运用 ( 共两节, 满分45分)
第一节完形填空 ( 共20小题; 每小题1. 5分, 满分30分)
阅读下面短文, 从短文后各题所给的四个选项 ( A、B、C和D) 中, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
41. A. driverB. horse
C. ride D. bridge
42. A. exciting B. endless
C. dullD. tired
43. A. quicklyB. anxiously
C. luckily D. finally
44. A. pass on B. pass over
C. pass off D. pass by
45. A. hand B. horse
C. eyeD. leg
46. A. rejected B. hesitated
C. replied D. continued
47. A. able B. eager
C. unable D. sorry
48. A. pulled B. lifted
C. invited D. helped
49. A. doubtful B. worried
C. curiousD. regretful
50. A. lastB. first
C. formerD. late
51. A. understoodB. refused
C. disappeared D. accepted
52. A. lowered B. dropped
C. slippedD. climbed
53. A. looked atB. looked into
C. looked for D. looked up
54. A. interest B. bitterness
C. concern D. focus
55. A. confused B. helpful
C. meaningful D. useless
56. A. representative B. evident
C. reliable D. important
57. A. assistance B. confidence
C. chance D. courage
58. A. thoughts B. results
C. movements D. comments
59. A. never B. ever
C. oftenD. seldom
60. A. aim atB. respond to
C. point outD. ask for
第Ⅱ卷
第三部分英语知识运用 ( 共两节, 满分45分)
第二节 ( 共10小题; 每小题1. 5分, 满分15分)
阅读下面材料, 在空白处填入适当的内容 ( 不多于3个单词) 或括号内单词的正确形式。
第四部分写作 ( 共两节, 满分35分)
第一节短文改错 ( 共10小题; 每小题1分, 满分10分)
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文, 请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误, 每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加: 在缺词处加一个漏字符号 ( ∧) , 并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除: 把多余的词用斜线 ( ) 划掉。
修改: 在错的词下画一横线, 并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意: 1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2. 只允许修改10处, 多者 ( 从第11处起) 不计分。
I went shopping with my wife. We have a lot of things to buy them. We drove to the center of the city and stopped our car in front of the shop.An hour late, we came back to the car. And it was strange that we couldn't open the door. So we asked policeman for help. He was glad to help him. After a few minutes, he got the door open.Just then a man came up and shouted angry.“What are you doing with my car?”We were surprising and went to see the number of the car.What you think we did then? We had to speak sorry to the man again and again.
第二节书面表达 ( 满分25分)
假如你是李 华, 你参加了“The British Council ( 英国文化协会) ”举办的一次语言竞赛活动, 作为获奖者你得到了暑假去英国Edinburgh Language Centre ( ELC ) 免费学习英语的机会。以下是校方寄给你的课程表。请你阅读课程表后, 按要求给校方回复一封信。
Schedule for ELC Summer English Courses
Please include the following:
1. Your choice of the courses and possible reasons.
2. Your present English level.
3. Specific language skill you hope to improve.
注意: 1. 信的开头已为你写好。
2. 词数: 100左右。
Dear Mr. Hants,
Thank you for your offer inviting me to the free summer English course in your school.
_________________
Truly yours,
Li Hua
2015年高考英语综合练习题 ( 二) 参考答案
第一部分听力 ( 略)
第二部分阅读理解
第一节
A
【语篇导读】本文主要介绍了一个名叫Elizabeth Taylor的年轻女孩的故事。
21. D。细节理解题。根据第一段中的“At first, the producers of the movie told Taylor that she was too small to play the part of Velvet. ”可知D项正确。
22. C。细节理解题。根据第四段可知C项正确。
23. B。细节理解题。从文章第二段中的“Elizabeth Taylor was born in London in 1932”. 和“Taylor had no trouble moving into adult ( 成人) roles and won twice for Best Actress: Butterfield 8 ( 1960) ”, 可知Taylor是28岁。
B
【语篇导读】这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了报纸的发展历史。
24. A。细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The earliest daily newspaper was started in Rome in 59 BC. ”, 可知A项正确。
25 . B。细节理解题。根据第一段中的“when one was started in Germany. ”, 可知B项正确。
26. A。细节理解题。根 据第二段 中的printed in London, 可知A项正确。
27. A。细节理解题。根据第三段中的“In 1690, Benjamin Harris printed the first American newspaper in Boston. ”, 可知A项正确。
C
【语篇导读】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了电影是如何制作的, 并说明了制作电影的艰苦。
28. B。细节理解题。根据文章第一句话“Making a film takes a long time and is very hard work. ”可知, “拍电影既费时又很艰辛”, 由此推断B项正确。
29. B。词义推测题。shooting在这里是“拍摄”之意, 故B项正确。
30. D。细节理解题。 根据第一 段中的“Actors and cameramen work from very early in the morning until late at night. ”和第二段中的“Several hundred people work together to make one film. Some of these people are the actors and actresses. The director of the film, however, is the most important person in a film studio. ”可知, 参与电影制作的不仅有演员, 还有导演、摄影师等其他幕后人员, 故选D项。
31. A。主旨大意题。本文主要讲的是如何拍电影, 故选择A项。
D
【语篇导读】有一些学校不重视拼写教学, 也有一些学校过分重视拼写, 抑制学生写作能力的提高。老师在教学中应该处理好拼写与写作能力的关系。
32. B。细节理解题。根据第一段第三句可知, B项意义与文章吻合。A项“教学拼写的困难”, C项“写作基本技巧的复杂性”, D项“教学拼写的必要性”, 都不是人们持不同观点的内容。
33. D。短语理解题。第二段第一、二两句讲学生们害怕拼写错误, 就避免用不保险的单词, 而用保险的、简易的单词。
34. A。推理判断题。第二段讲学生们为了避免拼写错误就用一些有限的、简易的单词, 可以推断教师鼓励使用辞典是为更好地表达, 故A项正确。B项不准确, 查阅辞典不是为了增加自信。C项意义偏差, 如果学生用保险的单词, 拼写错误就没有。再说教师是为了学生提高, 不是为了省去自己的麻烦。D项“学生学会独立于教师”与语篇意义不符合。
35. D。归纳主旨题。全文讲教师对拼写教学有不同的看法, 有的教师过于重视拼写导致学生“玩保险”, 有的教师在批改作文时注重拼写错误, 忽视内容表达, 影响学生写作能力提高。但教师纠正拼写错误并无不妥, 只是要处理好拼写与写作能力的关系。所以D项正确。A、B、C三项都归纳得不准确。
第二节
【语篇导读】本文主要讲述了自然灾害来临时, 作者本人所赖以生存的一系列林立的阻挡洪水肆虐的人造水堤的合理分布与周边环境, 打造适宜的河谷之“家”, 才是作者的避难场所。
36. G。通览全文和由第三段if从句的画龙点睛可知, 作者所居住的河谷之“家”十一月里大雪纷飞、狂风肆虐、洪水暴涨, 其安全隐患的消除, 多亏了a series of dams屏障的修筑, 因此应选G。
37. B。根据“ifwaternot, many years before, been controlled, held back by a series of dams”可知, 如果顺山而下的洪水不被许多年前所筑起的一系列阻挡洪水肆虐的防洪大堤所控制的话, 那么作者的家就不安全了, 要与第一段相互映衬, 故选择B。
38 . C。由该段的“was becoming fuller and wilder”和第二段中的“it lay some 15 centimeters deep”的承接关系可知, 只有“storms”和“snow”的“melt ( 融化) ”才构成了“was becoming fuller and wilder”的遥相呼应, 因此选择C。
39. D。根据最后一段的“It was far deepe rthan we'd ever seen it so near our home, ”可知, 只有作者在“Just a couple of meters from our cottage, the stream seemed wild beneath the bridge. ”之处, 才能与之形成鲜明的对比, 所以应选D。
40. E。祈祷洪水总是应该在大堤的下方, 才是作者所祈祷的初衷, 由该段的prayed可以看出prayer们的愿望是“the dam held ( 防洪大堤还在) ”而且“the waters began to subside ( 咆哮的洪水开始平息) ”, 才能与之相呼应, 故选E。
第三部分英语知识运用
第一节完形填空
【语篇导读】本文讲述美国第三位总统托马斯·杰斐逊早年的故事。一位老人在寒风中等待可以搭乘的马过河, 他没有向前几位骑马人请求, 而是向最后一位请求。老人的解释让骑马人感动, 也鼓励他做好未来的事情。
41. C。老人等着搭乘马过河, 并不是等马, 也不是等骑马人, C项比A、B两项好。
42. B。老人冷得麻木、僵硬, 所以心理感觉等待的时间漫长, B项正确。其他几项因果关系不明显。
43. B。老人看到几个骑马人跑过弯道时希望能等到他可以搭乘的马, 所以其心情应该是“焦急地”等, B项正确。
44. D。后一句中有pass by, 所以前一句用pass by为好, 意为“经过, 过去”。pass on“传递, 继续前进”; pass over“忽视, 放过”; pass off“结束, 不去注意”, 此三项意义都不对。
45. C。catch one's eye引起某人注意, 根据上下文C项意义正确。
46. C。上文是请求, 此处是回应, 后面是回答的内容, 所以C项准确。reject“拒绝”与应答的内容不符合。
47. C。后半句“扶老人上马”, 此处应是“老人不能自己上马”, C项正确。
48. D。“帮助老人上马”符合上文。
49 . C。骑马人很好奇, 想知道为什么老人放过了前几个骑马人, 而请求搭乘最后一匹马。worried“担心”意义不妥, 如用wonder尚可。
50. A。第二段第三句有Finally暗示, 所以A项正确。
51. B。只有拒绝了才会有后半句的结果“将他一人留在那儿”, B项正确。
52. A。lower“将……降低高度”, 此处指老人下马。drop“扔下”; slip“滑动”; climb“爬, 向上爬”。后三项意义都不贴切。
53. B。look into“仔细研究”, 此句讲仔细观察骑马人的眼神, B项正确。look at一般化地看; look for“寻找”; look up“仰视, 查阅”。此三项意义都不对。
54. C。根据老人叙述的口吻, 前面的骑马人不“关注”老人的境况。A项和D项意义不如C项。
55 . D。此句是虚拟语气, 如果求助于这些不关注你 的骑手, 是“无用的”。confused“混乱的”; meaningful“有意义的”, 都不符合上文。
56. B。representative“有代表性的”; evident“显而易见的”; reliable“可依赖的”。此处讲老人所观察到的最后一位骑马人的情况, 他的友善和热情是“显而易见的”, B项比C项准确。
57. A。老人判断最后一位骑马人会给他“帮助”, 所以就请 求他。assistance“帮助”;confidence“自信”; chance“机会”; courage“勇气”, A项贴切。
58. D。老人所说的让人心暧的“话”深深打动了骑马人。thoughts“思想”; movements“运动”; comments“话语, 评论”。
59. A。根据整句意义要填否定词, A项正确。
60. B。aim at“以……为目标”; respond to“对……回应”; point out“指出”; ask for“要求”, 根据句意可知选B项。
第二节
61. it。在此指代前面的the language。
62. Thirdly。由前面 所提到的Firstly和Secondly可知, 该段要讲述第三点, 学习一门外语的注意事项, 故填写Thirdly。
63. in。success in doing sth为固定短语, 意为“成功干某事”。
64. A。a good memory意为“记忆好”, 是一个短语, 又置于句首, 故应填写“A”。
65. to memorize。it is ( not) enough to do sth为一固定句式。
66. their。根据该空格处前面的words和该空格处后面的meanings, 此处应填上一个带有复数意义的形容词性物主代词, 故填their。
67. If。根据语境可知, “如果满足了……, 就不会真正地学会……”, 故该空格所表示的是条件, 应填If。
68. advice。a good piece of advice为一短语, 故填名词advice。
69. who。本句是一个定语从句, 在定语从句中, 当先行词为those时, 多用who。
70. writing。practise后跟两个由and所连接的并列的动名词。
第四部分写作
第一节短文改错
第1处: 第一行中的have改为had。时态错误, 因为本文用的是过去时态。
第2处: 第二行中的them去掉。to buy在句子中作后置定语, 其后就不能再跟宾语。
第3处: 第四行中的late改为later。因为时间状语在前, 其后要用later。
第4处: 第四行中的And改为But。这里是转折关系, 不是并列关系, 所以要用But, 不用And。
第5处: 第六行中的policeman前加a。在该句中是指一个警察, 所以要加上冠词a。
第6处: 第七行中的him改为us。因为是我们叫警察来帮忙, 所以应该帮的是我们, help的宾语就必须是us。
第7处: 第八行中的angry改为angrily。在这里应该用副词修饰动词shouted。
第8处: 第九行中的surprising改为surprised。因为这个句子的主语是人, 应该用surprised作其表语。
第9处: 第十一行中的you前加do。句中的do you think作插入语。
第10处: 第十一行中的speak改为say。因为句子的宾语是sorry, 所以这里应该用say , 构成习惯用语say sorry to sb。
第二节书面表达
One possible version:
Dear Mr. Hants,
Thank you for your offer inviting me to the free summer English course in your school. As for my choice of the two courses, I'd certainly prefer the five-week course for 50 hours. This would allow me more time to see your beautiful country while learning the language. I would like to do some traveling and make a few new friends.
Of all the subjects I'm learning at school, I like English best. I have been learning English for 6 years and now I am able to listen, speak, read and write in English . I hope to take this chance to improve my spoken English as much as possible. I believe I will have a wonderful time in England this summer.
Truly yours,
Li Hua
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