新编英语教程电子教案

新编英语教程电子教案（精选6篇）

新编英语教程电子教案 篇1

Objectives: to take notes as completely as possible in class.to present their interpretations of each paragraph.Section one Pre-reading questions:

(15 mins.)

1.What does ‘hobby’ mean?(refer to Lib.work)2.Do you have any hobbies? What are they? 3.Do your hobbies do you any good? In what ways? 4.Who is W.Churchill? What’s his hobby you know from what you have learned or from this text?(refer to Lib.work)

In-reading interpretation:

The teacher explains every sentence to the students while the latter try to take notes as quickly and completely as possible.After the text interpretation, the students are required to explain some sentences by their own.Para.1(15 mins.)

1.Worry is a spasm of emotion;the mind catches hold of something and will not let it go.spasm: an involuntary muscular contraction;here, a sudden violent spell(of);a sudden convulsive movement

Worry is a kind of feeling which catches you suddenly so that you can’t have any peace of mind.This feeling arises when you think about something without being able to discontinue thinking about it.Thus worry results.2.It is useless to argue with the mind in this condition.in this condition = when the mind catches hold of something and will not let it go

It is of no use trying to stop the troubled mind / the worry when it catches hold of something and will not let it go.i.e., when worry comes.3.The stronger the will, the more futile the task.(LW6-1)

The stronger your will(to argue with the mind, or to stop the worry)is, the more ineffective/unsuccessful/useless it will be for you to achieve this task of stopping the worry.The more you attempt to shake off your worry, the harder it will be for you to get rid of it / have it off your mind.Then what can we do to stop the worry? 4.One can gently insinuate something else into its convulsive grasp.insinuate = introduce indirectly and subtly

convulsive grasp = the worry

The only way is to have something else in mind so that it will not be grasped by worry / so as to replace the worry.What does ‘something else’ imply?

Something else implies the hobby.5.And if this something else is rightly chosen, if it is really attended by the illumination of another field of interest, gradually, and often quite swiftly, the old undue grip relaxes and the process of recuperation and repair begins.attend = accompanied(comp.3-2)

illumination = enlightenment, edification

another field of interest = hobby

the old undue grip = worry

recuperation and repair = not becoming worried any longer

If you choose the right thing to conquer your mind, if you have another field of interest to enlighten you, your worry, gradually or swiftly, will be relieved./ you will be released from the worry.6.This para.is about worry, which is repeatedly talked about.Instead of mentioning ‘worry’ again and again whenever it is talked about, Churchill uses some other phrases to refer to this annoying state of mind so as to avoid the monotony of expressions.Identify these phrases in the 1st paragraph.(comp.3-1)

a spasm of emotion, its convulsive grasp, the old undue grip

Para.2

(10 mins.)

1.The cultivation of a hobby and new forms of interest is therefore a policy of first importance to a public man.It is the most important for a public man to cultivate a hobby, because he is likely to have more worries in his work concerned with interrelationships with various kinds of people.2.But this is not a business that can be undertaken in a day or swiftly improvised by a mere command of the will.The growth of alternative mental interests is a long process.improvise = make or do without preparation, practice, sufficient material, etc.But a hobby cannot be cultivated and developed so quickly as you expect in your business.No matter how strong your will is, hobby cultivation has to undergo a long process.3.The seeds must be carefully chosen;they must fall on good ground;they must be sedulously tended, if the vivifying fruits are to be at hand when needed.(comp.3-3)This is a metaphor to describe the cultivation of a hobby.Explain it.The author compares ‘hobby’ to ‘seed’, ‘fitness(of a hobby)to an individual’ to ‘good ground’, and ‘the effect(in lessening one’s worry)’ to ‘fruit’ so that the reader can have something concrete to look at.This is certainly a more effective way to explain an idea, esp.an abstract or complex idea.(Analysis)

sedulously = diligently, carefully, assiduously

vivifying fruits = results that give one relaxation / refreshment

The cultivation of a hobby is compared to that of a plant.First of all, the right hobby(the seed of a plant)must be carefully chosen for a person(good ground);then the process of cultivating a hobby, like that of growing a plant, requires care and effort.Only in this way can one reap in due time the fruit of one’s laborfor them a new pleasure, a new excitement is only an additional satiation.(LW6-4)

command = have within reach, be master of, possess

gratify = give pleasure or satisfaction to, indulge

caprice = sudden wish to have, or do sth., whim

satiation = complete satisfaction, wearying oneself with too much

Since those very wealthy people can afford to get access to almost anything they may think of(those people can get whatever they want)and to turn the most fanciful ideas into reality(to turn whatever they dream or desire into reality), there is nothing in this world that can interest or excite them any more.To them, a new pleasure, a new excitement may very often make them even more bored about life.They are the unfortunate people.(comp.3-5)Why does Churchill classify as unfortunate those people who can command everything they want, gratify every caprice and lay their hands on almost every object of desire? Do you think Churchill’s attitude towards those people is really one of sympathy?

These people are simply hopeless;nothing works to relieve them of their boredom.Churchill does not really feel sympathetic towards them.Note the phrase ‘avenging boredom’.He seems to think that this is what they deserve.2.In vain they rush frantically round from place to place, trying to escape from avenging boredom by mere clatter and motion.frantically = widely excited(with joy, anxiety, pain, etc.)狂乱地

avenging boredom =(note 3)boredom that gives(them)no peace or that inflicts suffering(upon them)

clatter and motion =(note 4)This refers to the frantic rush from place to place of those who can command all they want.These kind of people rush frantically here and there(which implies, do this and that as their hobbies), talk this and that, intending to escape from the boredom they are deeply involved in, but their effort is in vain.3.For them discipline in one form or another is the most hopeful path.How do you understand ‘discipline’ here?(comp.3-6)

Regularity, a more regularized way of life

This sentence is a suggestion for this kind of people: to lead a regularized way of life.Only in this way can they escape from the boredom.Para.5

(15 mins.)1.It may also be said that rational, industrious, useful human beings are divided into two classes: first, those whose work is work and whose pleasure is pleasure;and secondly, those whose work and pleasure are one.Here another classification of human beings is made: 1)those who take work and pleasure as two distinguished things, 2)those who combine work and pleasure together, getting pleasure from the work.2.Of these the former are the majority.They have their compensations.The long hours in the office or the factory bring with them as their reward, not only the means of sustenance, but a keen appetite for pleasure even in its simplest and most modest forms.compensation = sth to make up for, here referring to the following sentence.sustenance =(flourishing quality of)food and drink 营养, 食物

Their long-hour work brings them bread, or they have to earn their living by working hard.After work, they relax themselves and enjoy themselves in a simple way.(comp.3-7)Can you suggest one or two of the simplest and most modest forms of pleasure?

Jogging, taking a walk, listening to music on the radio, watching TV, gardening 3.But Fortune’s favored children belong to the second class.In what sense are the second class of people, i.e., those whose work and pleasure are one, ‘Fortune’s favored children’?(comp.3-8)or, why does the author call the 2nd class ‘fortune’s favored children’?

There is never a clash between work and pleasure.They are always happy to work.They are just like children who take everything as pleasure.4.Their life is a natural harmony.For them the working hours are never long enough.Each day is a holiday, and ordinary holidays when they come are grudged as enforced interruptions in an absorbing vocation.grudged = accepted with great reluctance(comp.3-9)

This class of people enjoy their work, and take it as a kind of pleasure.They enjoy every working day so much that they regard the weekends and the public holidays as the interruptions of their delightful work.They are quite reluctant to take any holidays.5.Yet to both classes the need of an alternative outlook, of a change of atmosphere, of a diversion of effort, is essential.An alternative outlook, a change of atmosphere, a diversion of effort all refer to ‘hobby’.So it is of the first importance / of the great necessity for both of the classes to cultivate a hobby.Everyone should have a hobby.6.Indeed, it may well be that those whose work is their pleasure are those who most need the means of banishing it at intervals from their minds.(comp.3-10)What does the word ‘it’ refer to?

their work

(comp.3-11)the means of banishing it at intervals from their minds refers to the notion of ‘hobby’.(LW6-5)In fact,(it is probably those whose work provides them with their enjoyment who are most in need of periodic distractions from it.i.e.,)the second class of people are most in need of cultivating a hobby.Homework assignment:

Read your own notes and consult others’ to make it complete in order to understand the text fully/thoroughly.Mark where you find difficult and raise your questions in the next class.Read O & D and try to answer the question.Section two 1.Pose your problems for discussion(20 mins.)2.Comp.1: the purpose of the writing(B)-to bring home to the reader the importance of cultivating a rightly chosen hobby.(5 mins.)3.Comp.2: True or false

(5 mins.)4.O & D: What Churchill argues for in this passage is obviously the significance of a good hobby for rational, industrious human beings.But the 1st para.is devoted to a definition of ‘worry’, and a large portion of the rest of the text to the classifications of human beings.How are they relevant to his argument?

(10 mins.)

Churchill’s concern here is the role hobbies play in relaxing the mind of rational, industrious, useful human beings.To explain how a hobby works, he must first of all explain what worry really is.But Churchill is not of the opinion that any given hobby can produce this soothing effect under all circumstances.To make this clear, he has to make the first classification.He then turns to classifying the majority of human beings into two further categories.The purpose of doing this is to emphasize the point that hobby is necessary for all including those who think they do not need one as a diversion from work;as a matter of fact, they are the ones for whom the cultivation of a hobby is even more necessary.4.Interaction activity:(LW7)Talk about how a hobby can sometimes help to release your worry.a.Brainstorming in the groups(10 mins.)

b.Air the opinions in class(15 mins.)

Section three TEXT 2 A DEBT TO DICKENS Pearl S.Buck

Read the text by the students themselves and retell it by using ‘I’ or ‘Pearl S.Buck’.Cues: a seven-year child, in a remote Chinese countryside, the valley, the Youngtze River;

the boat folk and the farm folk, lingered and saw the customs, the way of living, fishing and thrashing, the babies alive and dead;

foreign devil, yellow curls and blue eyes, alien and isolated, parents too busy to care for her;

an impossibly voracious reader, read everything she could get;

novels by Charles Dickens, deep in them, read them again and again, over and over for about ten years, feel herself at home, not alien, entered into her own heritage;

新编英语教程电子教案 篇2

关键词：时态,语态,层次性,学科交叉

章振邦先生主编的《新编英语语法教程》(以下简称《新编》)是为我国高校英语专业编写的一部英语语法教科书,该教程不同于传统英语语法教材,参照了当代语法学家如R.Quirk,S.Greenbaum,G.Leech,J.Svartvik,A.S.Hornby,M.Halliday等人的观点,形成一套兼容并包,吸取了当代语法学精华并适合我国学生接受的英语语法教材。为我国英语专业语法教学起到了很好的的指引作用。

这部教材不仅告诉学生碰到何种语法现象该怎样处理,也介绍了其理论体系,告诉读者为什么,便于学生理解和接受。比如呈现英语的7个分句基本类型之前,本书首先介绍了分句及其划分方式,即主语和谓语,并解释为何这样划分,即主语是分句的话题,而谓语是有关该话题的新信息。并进一步将谓语拆散成谓语动词和补足成分(包括宾语,状语和补语),这些连同主语便形成了分句的五个基本的成分,在此基础上,再进行不同的组合,同时提示这些不同组合是以谓语动词的特性作为依据。整个过程就如同分析一部机器的构造,先拆散,再组装。当学生了解这个内在的逻辑之后,自然可以接受,尽管对于只了解传统语法的他们来说是全新的。

对于谓语时态的介绍也是如此,“按照传统的理解,‘时态’是表示动作发生的时间和表现方式的一种动词形式。……英语动词的‘时态’多至十六种。”“但是,20世纪50年代以来,国外一些有影响的语法著作,对于Tense和Aspect已经作了不同于传统语法的处理,认为英语动词有两个‘时’和两个‘体’”。《新编》一书对谓语动词的介绍就是借鉴了上述理论,原因作者已在《〈新编英语语法教程〉的体系特征》(以下简称《体系特征》)一文做了充分解释。笔者认为从学习者的角度来看,这又是一种如同机器拆分与组装的过程,在这个过程中学生对“时”和“体”先有一个科学的认知,然后在此基础上进行组合,形成不同的时与体的结合形式,学生很容易理解意思也更清晰地了解了不同时态的动词词组的构成方式与意义,比起传统语法生硬地呈现英语谓语的十六种时态,本书更能让英语专业学生理解和接受。

《新编》的语法理论系统全面,有利于学生建构科学的英语语法体系。全书导入部分便对英语的语法体系做了明确的分层,从词素,词,词组,分句到句子。正如章振邦先生在《体系特征》中提到的,“层次性是语言的本质属性之一”。学生在这样的理论与实践指导下学习,会形成更加科学的认识,即分析分句成分应该从词组的层面去分析,而不是词的层面,突破传统的语法分析方式。

又比如全 书增加了 一个新的 词类——“ 限定词”(determiner),这一概念未曾出现在传统语法书中,但章振邦在《体系特征》一文中论述到“限定词作为一类功能词 (或结构词)早已在现代英语语法中确定下来。”学生理解其中内涵之后,能更好地将原先散乱的词类,如冠词,代词,名词属格等加以整理归纳,并且对某些代词,如物主代词,指示代词,不定代词等涉及的范围形成更为科学合理的认识。

该教材语法体系与传统语法有着很大差异,但正因如此却能让学生突破传统语法的局限,形成对英语语言更丰富全面的认识。比如,该教材对分句的分析使得分句中的主语与谓语的概念脱离了传统语法的束缚,不再强调谓语必须是谓语动词,要体现时态与人称的区别等。本书认为只要逻辑上实现了主语和谓语便形成分句。于是,学生可以看到传统语法书介绍的独立主格结构,分词作状语等等繁琐复杂的语言现象其实都可以用现代语法的分句类型去划分与归纳。从而使他们对英语的认知得到扩展和系统化,使传统语法所认为的特殊现象变得自然起来。

新编英语教程电子教案 篇3

一、从词汇角度分析

1.医学英语大量使用了来源于希腊语和拉丁语的医学术语。由于古希腊与古罗马文化曾先后对医学的发展产生过巨大的影响， 而且希腊语与拉丁语词汇丰富， 词汇意义单一，构词原则简单， 构词能力较强， 所以我们今天所见到的绝大多数医学英语术语都是由希腊语词素和拉丁语词素合成的。来源于希腊语和拉丁语的医学英

语术语具有以下两个方面的特点：直接来源于希腊语和拉丁语的医学专业词汇， 仍然保留了希腊语和拉丁语的原型， 例如来自拉丁语的词汇： cerebrum（ 大脑）、uterus（ 子宫）、stupor（ 昏迷） 等； 来自希腊语的词汇： thorax（ 胸） 、pharynx （ 咽） 、stasis（ 停滞） 等。利用希腊语和拉丁语的词素（ 词根或词缀） 通过派生的方法组合成医学术语， 这些派生词在医学英语词汇中数量最多， 例如： electrocardiogram （ 心电图，electro-电， cardio-心，-gram 图） 、bactericide （ 杀菌剂， bacterio-细菌，-cide 杀） 、hypertension （ 高血压，hyper-高，-tension 紧张） 、uterography （ 子宫造影术， utero-子宫，-graphy 造影术） 等。

2.医学英语词汇经常使用两栖词汇。医学英语词汇的另一来源是借用普通英语的词汇。在医学专业文章中有许多普通词汇用作医学专业术语时， 具有与普通意义不同的医学涵义， 这些词汇简称为两栖词汇。两栖词汇大约有800～ 900 个，它们在医学英语中使用频率较高， 所占地位也很重要。两栖词汇大体上可以分为两种类型， 第一种为引申词汇， 这类词的医学含义与普通意义之间有直接的关系， 是普通含义的引申或转化， 容易被理解与掌握， 例如delivery（ 投递， 交货-分娩）、appendix （ 附件-阑尾） 、attack （ 袭击-发作） 等； 另一类是独立词汇， 这类词汇的医学含义与普通意义没有显而易见的联系， 不是普通含义的引申， 所以不能从普通含义推断其医学意义， 例如： culture（文化-培养） 、pupil（小学生-瞳孔）、stool（凳子-粪便）、humor（幽默-体液）、complication（ 复杂-并发症）等。

3.医学英语较多使用缩略语和专有名词转化来的词汇。从构成上看， 医学缩略语主要包括以下几种形式： 由组成该缩略语的每个单词的首字母大写顺向或反向构成， 例如：AIDS（ acquired immunodeficiency syndrome， 获得性免疫缺陷综合征）；由组成缩略语单词的小写首字母加圆点构成， 例如：t. i. d.（ 拉丁语处方用词， 一日3次） 等；由单词中的几个字母大写或小写构成， 例如： f lu（ influenza， 流感） 、 ECG（ electrocardiogram， 心电图）等。缩略语的使用节约了时间和篇幅， 使得医学英语词汇与词组的表达简洁明了， 易于记忆。

二、从语法角度分析

1.多用一般现在时。医学文章多数是陈述客观事实， 如叙述某个系统的结构、功能， 某种疾病的症状、病理、预防等， 所以一般现在时较为多见。

Immunization is the process whereby a person is made immune or resistant to an infection. （Unit 7， Text 2）

2.被动语态使用相对较多。医学文章以叙事为主， 主动语态屡见不鲜， 但科技文体常为显示其客观性， 避免感情色彩， 句中常不用象w e， you， I 等主语， 有时为了强调所说的事实（ 动作的承受者） ， 有时并不知道或无需知道动作的执行者， 基于这些原因， 医学英语中被动语态的使用频率较高； 秦秀白等作过统计， 科技文体使用被动语态的句子要比文学文体多5～ 6 倍，如下列句子：

（1）Seasonal influenza is characterized by a sudden onset of high fever， cough， headache， muscle and joint pain， severe malaise， sore throat and runny nose. （Unit 2， Text 2）

（2）An ear infection means that the middle ear is infected. （Unit 5， Text 1）

3.用one， person，代替you或we 来表示泛指的概念如：

（1）Being bitten by someone who is infected.

（2）A liver of a person infected with hepatitis B swells. （Unit 8， Text 2）

4.句子完整， 复杂句和并列句多， 简单句少。有人统计过在医学英语中简单句占15%， 并列句占35%， 复杂句占50% ； 所以医学英语中长句多， 短句少， 含有定语从句、状语从句、同位语从句、宾语从句的这些长句能表达较多的信息， 且能表示信息之间说明、解释等内在关系， 也体现出医学文体富有的逻辑性。例如：

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（1）Ischemic stokes are ultimately caused by a thrombus or embolus that blocks blood flow to the brain. （Unit 15， Text 2）

（2）One defining feature of a cancer is the rapid creation of abnormal cells that grow beyond their usual boundaries， and which can then invade adjoining parts of the body and spread to other organs. （Unit 9， Text 1）

5.频繁使用插入语。医学文章中句子的容量较大， 含有的信息较多， 除使用主从复合句外， 也常用插入语的形式对叙述的事物进行补充说明使表达更全面。如：

（1）Particularly common times for women to become depressed are after childbirth （postnatal depression） and the menopause. （Unit 17， Text 1）

（2）The blood vessels become narrower and less flexible， also known as atherosclerosis （or hardening of the arteries.） （Unit 6， Text 1）

三、从文体修辞角度分析

医学文章多是说明性的， 而不是描述性的， 它的语言风格重在准确严谨， 而不追求表达的艺术价值， 故在文学作品中多见的修辞手法如比喻， 拟人， 夸张等在医学英语中十分少见。

1.汉语用动词的地方，在医学英语中往往用名词来表示，如：

（1）Carbon dioxide retention is a major restriction to the use of sedatives，tranquilizers，or narcotics in heart failure.

二氧化碳蓄积是对心力衰竭限制使用镇静、安定或麻醉等药物的主要原因。

（2） The occurrence of peptic ulcer in some patients with hiatal hernia may necessitate consideration of both diagnosis.

对一些裂孔病患者，出现消化性溃疡时，须考虑两种疾患的诊断。

2.医学英语还广泛地使用名词词组，简洁而确切地表述某一概念或事物。如：ear cough（耳性咳）、heart failure（心力衰竭）、serum bilirubin levels（血清胆红素值）。

四、小结

笔者通过分析教材《新编实用医学英语教程》，简单介绍了医学英语在词汇、语法、文体修辞方面具有的一些语言特点。由于语言具有的复杂性及多产性，还有更多的特点， 如语法方面的否定、定语移位等特色有待于语言教学工作者去研究和探讨。医学生在学习专业英语过程中，通过语言的不同角度了解，便能更好地掌握医学英语，借此工具去阅读国外医学书刊、杂志，从中获得更多更新的专业知识和信息，不断提高医学专业水平。

参考文献：

[1]李永安.新编实用医学英语教程[M].西安：西安交通大学出版社，2013.

[2]秦秀白.英语文体学入门[M].长沙：湖南教育出版社，1986.

[3]胡壮麟，刘润清，李延福.语言学教程[M].北京：北京大学出版社，1988.

新编英语语法教程(第5版)答案 篇4

Ex.1A1.A.his home workB.quickly, to play 2.A.The huge black horse

B.the race3.A.have thought aboutB.going into space 4.A.warms up and crawlsB.out of the bag5.A.one of the most beautiful planets to look at

through a telescopeB.because of the many rings that surround it 6.A.165 years

B.to complete its path, or orbit,around the sun 7.A.you and your brotherB.How many pairs of shorts8.A.the most expensive meal listed on the menuB.What9.A.an ―Outdoor Code‖B.their members 10.A.can blow

B.as fast as 180 miles(290 kilometers)an hour 11.A.The spiral of heated air and moist airB.to twist and grow and spin12.A.The direction a hurricane‘s spiral movesB.counterclockwise 13.A.does not shineB.At the north pole: for half of the year14.A.The cold winds that blow off of the Arctic OceanB.a very cold place 15.A.might have beenB.guilty of murder Ex.1B1.SVCWithin the stricken area, not a single soul remained

alive, and the city centre looked as if it had been razed by monster steam-roller.2.SVThe bomb exploded 1,000 ft.above the groun.3.SVOOn August 6,1945, an American aircraft dropped a bomb on the Janpanese town of Hiroshima.4.SvoOThree days later, yet another bomb of the same kind gave the town of Nagasaki the same fatal blow.5.SVOCThe explosion made one and a half square miles of the city an expense of reddish rubble.6.SVAWithin the fraction of a second, the bomb changed from a metal cylinder into an immense mass of enpanding gas, millions of degrees hot.7.SVOAA tremendous blast of hot air whirled the debris of stone, cencrete, metal, and wood over the ground.Ex.1C

新编英语教程电子教案 篇5

U2.1 The result is, the Mediterranean, the cradle of many ancient civilizations, is seriously polluted.It is the first of the seas that has been made to suffer from a situation resulting from development mixed with an irresponsible mentality.Further, while the places such as Cannes and Tel Aviv dispose of their wastes through a pipe stretching out half a mile from the shore, most cities do not bother to do that but simply dump their sewage directly into the sea along the coastline.There is an even bigger hazard hidden in the seafood dishes that are forever so appealing to those holiday-makers.Factories are set up around the coastline, few of which, including the most sophisticated, have been equipped with a satisfactory system for dealing with their effluents.U81.People send much of their lifetime trying hard to keep things in good shape.They think a product, after leaving its factory, should last at least for a reasonably long period before ceasing to work.2 Quality-control instruments and testing devices are also governed by Murphy’s Law, so they are not reliable.3Look at the artifacts of the pre-industrial era exhibited in museum and you will see that technology is not the factor that decides the quality of these items.4If a handsome basket or boat is made by an inexperienced or irresponsible worker, it may break down as easily as machine-made baskets or boats.5My opinion is that it is the social relationship between producer and consumer rather than the technological relationship between producer and product that makes “hand-made” items so highly regarded.U101The reason why Barbie appeals so much to little girls is that she looks just like a real person in real life who can be dressed up in the way they wish.2.Moreover, Mattel made public that, for the first time, all girls desirous of buying a Barbie from its company were to be given the right of turning in their old dolls in exchange foe new models at reduced price.But more and more, man-made products form a very important part in the lives of people.4Technologically produced things come to be accepted by people and are beginning to shape their mentality.5There has been a tremendous increase in machine-produced things in terms of their actual amount as well as their physical size in proportion to our natural environment.U12 1A person’s life is , above all else , shaped by conformity to the customs passed down in his society.We cannot understand the complexities of human life unless we know the role of custom in all its

manifestations.3If we conduct any systematic inquiry, it is essential for us to be unbiased / we need to be unbiased towards every component part of the subject under examination.4While people were convinced that differences between themselves on the one hand and aboriginal and backward people on the other hand were irreconcilable.the scientific study of the human race as such was not possible.U151.One hundred years after the issuance of the Emancipation Proclamation, black people in the U.S.still remain on the edges of society and are treated as outcasts in their homeland.1.When the founders of the U.S.drew up the Constitution and the Declaration of Independence, they were

making a promise to the American people that each and every one of them would be ensured freedom anf justice / equality and liberty.2.3.We have come to this sacred place to call our government’s attention to the compelling necessity of immediate action.You have long experienced untold miseries and anguish.Go on fighting for your rights with the conviction that the miseries and anguish brought upon you unjustly will give birth to a better life.

新编教育学教程 篇6

作为“教程”，我们首先把编写的立足点移到学习该课程的学生一边，即从一个师范生所必需的教育学学科修养出发考虑教材的组织。立足点的转变带来了视角的变化和全书结构的变化，迈出了“新编”的第一步。我们认为，作为高等师范院校的毕业生，首先应对教育的功能有清晰的认识，树立坚定的教育信念和科学的教育观，并以此指导自已的教育实践。其次，未来的教师应了解学校教育的整体模式，从目的、制度到课程，明确自己未来的具体工作是在怎样的整体结构内开展的，这将拓展他的教育学视野和修养，使他可能在具体的教育工作中理解和体现整体性的要求。最后，根据教师的工作处于学校教育第一线的特点，作为教程应把全书的重点放在为他们提供对学校教育活动的剖析，提供开展各类教育活动的理论指导和方法指导。这样，就构成了《新编教育学教程》三大编的结构模式。从三编的内在联系看，这是对教育的认识从功能到实践，从学校外部到学校内部，从一般到具体的逐级内化过程。

在内容上，我们编写的原则是坚持用辩证唯物主义的观点分析研究教育现象，把史与论结合起来，反映当代教育科学的新成果和新思想，反映我国教育事业的发展和经验，写出我们对当代教育问题的思考。我们始终没 有忘记，这本教材是在二十世纪九十年代初编写的，是中国人编写的，是为即将为二十一世纪教师队伍的主力军编写的，它应该具有时代的和中国的气息。

为了让使用本教材的教师和学生阅读教材后获得较大的信息量，可依此进行独立思考和判断，我们在书中提供了较多的资料，对一些有争议的问题列出了不同的观点，也发表了我们的见解。自然，受篇幅和自身水平的限制，这一切都还是不足的。为了弥补，我们在注释、附录和参考书目中又提供了较广范围的阅读线索。读者可根据不同的兴趣和需要自行选择阅读材料，教师可根据学生的实际情况规定必读范围。我们希望这《新编教育学教程》能为教师选择教学参考资料和学生进一步自学提供一些帮助。

在练习设计方面，我们抓住的是基本概念、基本观点、基本问题三个方面，力求让学生思考问题时综合地运用已有的知识和经验，加强对教育学的理解和体验。有些问题还带有实践性和操作性，希望能有益于学生在某些方面能力的培养。教师可根据教学实际，选择其中的一部分，或增加新的思考题。