广州中考英语真题详解

2024-11-09 版权声明 我要投稿

广州中考英语真题详解(共4篇)

广州中考英语真题详解 篇1

一.中考英语短文改错考点·非谓语动词错误

非谓语动词包括不定式、分词、动名词3种形式。如:

(1)In 1943 Jacques Coustean and his friend made it possible by invent the scuba machine.(杭州市中考题)

「说明」invent改为inventing,inventing是动名词,作介词by的宾语。

(2)Many people like travel by air,but Jim‘s family think that traveling by train is the best.(杭州市中考题)

「说明」travel改为to travel或traveling,不定式或动名词作动词like的动词宾语。

(3)Many countries began look for ways to go into space.(广元市中考题)

「说明」look改为looking或to look,不定式或动名词作动词began的动词宾语

(4)School children walked with their shirts,coasts and anything else they could find pull up over their noses.(苏州市中考题)

「说明」pull改为pulled,“with+宾语+动词的过去分词”结构作伴随状语,with结构中宾语与动词之间是逻辑被动关系。

(5)The people of the desert have to keep move from place to place.(重庆市中考题)

「说明」move改为moving,keep doing sth有“继续做某事”的意思。

二.中考英语短文改错考点·比较等级错误

(1)It is much cheap and far more enjoyable than a rushed trip by air.(杭州市中考题)

「说明」cheap改为 cheaper,much,far,still,a little,a bit修饰形容词或副词的比较级,加强语气。

(2)They made people healthier and live long.(广元市中考题)

「说明」long改为比较级形式longer,与healthier是平行结构。

形容词、副词的误用主要指形容词,副词的混用。

(3)Scientists wanted to see how good their bodies worked when they had different things.「说明」good改为well,well作副词,修饰动词worked.(4)By this time most people had a very well life.(广元市中考题)

「说明」well改为good,good作形容词,修饰名词life.三.中考英语短文改错考点·句法错误

1.并列连词的混用

(1)The world was known to man and the universe was not.(广元市中考题)

「说明」根据行文逻辑,表示并列关系的and 应改为表示转折关系的but.(2)Coustean was very interested in diving deep into the sea,but wanted to be an explorer.(杭州市中考题)

「说明」根据行文逻辑,表示转折关系的but 应改为表示并列关系的and.(3)They would never refuse to help people in trouble,but they would give them food and water.(重庆市中考题)

「说明」根据行文逻辑,表示表示转折关系的but 应改为表示并列关系的and.(4)He has been to many interesting places in Beijing,and he has not yet been to many other parts of China.(杭州市中考题)

「说明」根据行文逻辑,表示并列关系的and 应改为表示转折关系的but.(5)“So something must be done to keep the air nice or clean,” said the scientists.(苏州市中考题)

「说明」根据行文逻辑,表示选择关系的or 应改为表示并列关系的and.(6)“ I know only a chicken is too little for a king‘s evening meal.But I have brought a wolf for you besides the chicken.”(郴州市中考题)

「说明」根据行文逻辑,表示表示转折关系的But 应改为表示因果关系的So.2.连接词的用法错误

这类错误考查句子与句子之间的关系。连接词的使用错误往往会使句子的逻辑关系发生改变,甚至造成句子的语义逻辑混乱。要想把这类错误纠正出来,需要考生对上下文有总体的理解,头脑中有个大概的框架。如:

(1)They had a wonderful train ride to Chengdu after they went on to Mount Emei by bus.(杭州市中考题)

「说明」根据句子的意思将after改为before,表示“他们坐汽车去峨眉山之前,愉快地坐火车先到了成都”。

(2)The result is that they eat a light breakfast,they will work better.(镇江市中考题)

「说明」在 that 后增加if 或when.在表语从句that if / when they eat a light breakfast,they will work better中,包含有if或when引导的状语从句,修饰句子they will work better.句子翻译成:(实验)结果是如果他们少量地吃点早餐,会工作得更出色。

(3)It‘s different from how people think.(镇江市中考题)

「说明」将how 改为what,what people think是一个宾语从句,疑问代词what在从句中充当宾语,有“„„的”之意。

四.中考英语短文改错考点·时态与语态错误

1.时态考点错误

时态错误几乎是短文改错中必设的改错题类。要有目的地去检查文中的每一个谓语动词的时态与上下文、语境以及该句的时间状语是否相符和一致。如:

(1)“You are my younger brother.You had it at first.”(郴州市中考题)

「说明」had 改为have,因为这是一个一般现在时态的句子。

(2)Last week he goes to Mount Emei in Sichuan Province with his family.(杭州市中考题)

「说明」goes改为went,与一般过去时态的时间状语last week保持一致。

(3)Not too long ago,people can‘t go scuba diving on Hainan Island,or anywhere else.(杭州市中考题)

「说明」can‘t 改为couldn’t,与一般过去时态的时间状语not too long ago保持一致。

2.语态考点错误

汉语表达习惯上有时不加“被”字也能表示被动意义,因而有些考生对被动语态不敏感。如:

(1)“Many thousands of trees must be plant every year,” he said.(安徽省中考题)

「说明」plant改为planted,构成被动语态。

(2)“Sand can be sweeping into the air when there is a drought„”(苏州市中考题)

「说明」sweeping改为swept,构成被动语态。

(3)He also was liked to make videos.「说明」将was删去,因为这不是一个被动句。

五.中考英语短文改错考点·一致性错误

1.主谓一致

句子的主语和谓语在人称和数上不一致是改错题型中最为常见的。如:

(1)This were because there was no machine allowing a person to breathe under water for a long time.(杭州市中考题)

「说明」指示代词this作主语,谓语动词用单数,因此将were改为was.(2)The desert people is friendly.(重庆市中考题)

「说明」people作主语时,谓语动词必须用复数,因此将is改为are.2.名词单、复数与其修饰词或上下文保持一致

名词的单、复数与其修饰词语或上下文不一致也是中考常设的改错题。做这类题目时要注意名词是否与其修饰语一致。如:

(1)The animals are useful to the desert people in many way.(重庆市中考题)

「说明」名词way改为ways,与前面的修饰词many一致。

(2)As he explored the sea,he took pictures and videos of many thing that people had never seen before.(杭州市中考题)

「说明」thing改为things,与前面的修饰词many一致。

有的名词一般不用复数形式,但受到某些量词,如many,several,a number of,a variety of等修饰时,要变成复数形式。

(3)They were given kinds of breakfast,and sometimes they got no breakfast at all.(镇江市中考题)

「说明」修饰语kinds of常修饰复数名词,所以breakfast应改为breakfasts.表示事物类别时,名词用复数形式。

(4)School child walked with their shirts,coats and anything else they could find pulled up over their nose.(苏州市中考题)

「说明」child改为children,表示名词类别“学生”;nose改成noses,与限定词their保持一致。

(5)The middle part of the 20th century brought new ways to help people get over disease.(广元市中考题)

「说明」disease改为diseases,表示名词类别“疾病”。

3.代词与其修饰的名词或其先行词保持一致

(1)Too many trees have been cut this years.(苏州市中考题)

「说明」this改为these,与后面的复数名词years保持一致。

(2)They use camels for carrying water,food,tents and another things.(重庆市中考题)

「说明」another改为other,因为another常修饰单数可数名词。

代词的主要功能是指代前面出现过的名词、词组或一个意群,因此代词一定要同它所指代的词在单复数、格或人称上保持一致,这是代词改错的核心。

(3)He bought a ship and used them to explore under the sea.(杭州市中考题)

「说明」them改为it,指代前面的单数名词a ship.六.中考英语短文改错考点·固定搭配错误

(1)When there is not more food for their animals,they move to another place.(重庆市中考题)

「说明」not改为no,固定词组no more表示“不再„„”的意思。

(2)It‘s because you become very hungry at noon that you eat too much for lunch.(镇江市中考题)

「说明」very改为so,so+形容词 / 副词+that结果状语从句。

(3)This was because there was no machine allowing a person to breathe under water for long time.(杭州市中考题)

「说明」for long time改为for a long time,表示“一段时间”。

(4)Coustean was very interested on diving deep into the sea,„

「说明」on改为 in,固定词组be interested in„表示“在„„(方面)有兴趣”。这是一个介词(固定搭配)方面的错误,介词的误用主要指介词与动词、形容词、名词的搭配、介词惯用词组等方面产生的错误。如:

(5)On my way home,I found an old man walking in the front of me.(娄底市中考题)

「说明」介词短语in the front of 表示“在„„的前部”,而in front of 则表示“在„„的前面”。

(6)We visited him at his workplace between the young trees and asked him about his work.(安徽省中考题)

「说明」between改为among,between表示“两者之间”,而among则表示“三者或三者以上之中”。

(7)And he ran slowly that he couldn‘t catch it.(娄底市中考题)

「说明」在ran与slowly两词之间加so.七.中考英语短文改错考点·易混词错误

1.混淆词性的错误

词性错误主要表现在形容词、名词、副词的误用上。考生做这类改错题,要根据词在句中所处的位置来确定其词性是否正确。一般说来,形容词修饰名 词,副词修饰动词,副词修饰形容词。如:

(1)The animals are use to the desert people in many ways.(重庆市中考题)

「说明」use改为useful,useful是形容词,作表语。

(2)The desert people are friend.(重庆市中考题)

「说明」friend改为friendly,friendly是形容词,作表语。

2.混淆词义的错误

英语中有很多词在拼写上、语义上很相似,但是它们的用法却迥然不同。如:

(1)They must always watch for grass or desert plants for their animals.(重庆市中考题)

「说明」watch 改为look.两个动词都表示“看”的意思,但前者表示“很注意地”看,后者与介词for 连用有“寻找”之意。

(2)We visited him at his workplace among the young trees and told him about his work.(安徽省中考题)

「说明」told改为asked.根据上下文,用asked“询问”更合适。

(3)The wind was blowing so hardly.(娄底市中考题)

「说明」hardly改为hard,这两个词词形很接近,但它们表达的是不同的意思,hardly是否定副词,有“几乎不”的意思,而hard 则表示“猛烈地”之意。

(4)We know that the first part of the 20th century saw more large inventions: the helicopter in 1909,movies with sound in 1926,the computer in 1928 and the jet plane in 1930.(广元市中考题)

「说明」large改为great.large表示 “(体积)大”,而great则有“伟大的”的意思。

3.混淆用法的错误

还有一些在意义,概念上容易混淆、用错的词,如:such 与so,ago与before,as与like,many 与much等。如:

(1)Too much trees have been cut these years,making the sandstorm problem worse.(苏州市中考题)

「说明」much改为many,前者常用来修饰不可数名词,后者修饰可数名词。

八.中考英语短文改错考点·时态

动词的时态要与时间状语或上下文的时态保持一致。

例1:The time passes quickly.Evening came.So all of us went home.分析:第二句动词came 及下文其他动词的形式表示此处时态为一般过去时,所以passes应改为passed.例2:Last Sunday,police cars hurry to the tallest building in New York.分析:Last Sunday表明该句应用一般过去时,所以hurry应改为hurried.例3:Today it is much easier to be healthy than it is in the past.分析:in the past表示过去时间,is应改为was.例4:I use to play ping-pong a lot in my spare time,but now I am interested in football.分析:从“but now”的逻辑性可看出,“现在我对足球感兴趣,打乒乓球是在过去”,所以use应改为used.九.中考英语短文改错考点·主谓一致与平行结构

一、主谓一致

谓语动词的单复数形式要与句子的主语保持一致。

例1:Anyone may borrow books,and it cost nothing to borrow them.分析:it为单数,且根据句子前面的时态可知为一般现在时,所以cost应改为costs.例2:Now my picture and the prize is hanging in the library.分析:my picture and the prize为复数,所以is应改为are.二、平行结构

在表达相互平行的概念时,要使用相同的语法结构,即动词与动词相配,形容词与形容词相配,分词与分词相配,不定式与不定式相配。平行结构常借助 于and,but,or,not only„but also„ 等连词。例如:

There is no water and air on the moon.分析:在否定句中,并列成分的列举用 or 不用 and.故将 and 改为 or.例2:Li Ping is too young that he can‘t join the army.分析:so„that„ 意为“如此„„以致”,为固定句式,故将too改为so.例3:It was very kind of them to meet me at the railway station and drove me to their home.分析:根据and的对称性原则,应将drove改为drive,与前面的meet一致。

十.中考英语短文改错考点·介词考点

介词在单句改错中主要考查介词与动词或副词的误用,以及在固定结构和习惯用法中的多余与遗漏。例如:

例1:There are too many people among my family.分析:among后应接复数名词,而family为单数名词,所以among应改为in.例2:We do not seem to get much time to talk about together.分析:talk后边无宾语,所以应删去 about.例3:I wanted to thank you for have me in your home for the Summer holidays.分析:for为介词,后接动名词,have应改为having.例4:So I‘m really sorry that I won’t be able to come in this time.分析:this time为习惯用法,前边不可加介词,故应去掉in.十一.中考英语短文改错考点·连词考点

连词使用不当会造成上下句不衔接。英语中连词按其性质可分为并列连词和从属连词。若句子为复合句,首先判断是何种从句,然后根据主从句之间的关 系判断连接词使用是否准确,是否有遗漏或多余现象;若句子为并列句则要判断句与句之间的关系是并列、转折、选择、递进还是让步关系。例如:

例1:The food was very expensive and the service was good.分析:前后语境为转折关系,所以and 应改为but.例2:It was about noon we arrived at the foot of the mountain.分析:认真分析语境可知该句句意为:当我们到达山脚时大约已是正午。显然noon后应加连词when来引导一个时间状语从句。

例3:She was smiling but nodding at me.分析:smiling,nodding为递进式并列关系,而不是转折关系,所以but应改为and.例4:It looks as if my parents treat me as a visitor and a guest.分析:该句句意为:看起来我的父母亲把我当成了参观者或客人了,所以and应改为or,表“或者”,属选择性逻辑关系。

十二.中考英语短文改错考点·形容词与副词考点

在单句改错中,形容词和副词的设错主要用来考查考生是否能根据形容词、副词在句中的位置及其他词的修饰与被修饰关系来判断词的正确使用形式,是 否能辨别形容词和副词的混淆使用,形容词的比较等级是否使用正确等。例如:

例 1:I‘m sure we’ll have a wonderfully time together.分析:time 为名词,应用形容词修饰,所以 wonderfully 应改为 wonderful.例2:No one worries much about the radio programs young people listen to,although radios can be very noise.分析:be 为连系动词,应用形容词修饰,所以 noise 应改为 noisy.例 3:He is taller than any student in his class.分析:同一范围内,形容词的比较级必须把自己排除掉,即自己不能与自己相比,故需在 any 后加 other.例4:This box is very heavier than that one.分析:比较级前面一般不能用very,so,too,quite等作修饰词,但为了表示比较级的程度,可以用much,a lot,a little,a bit,even,still等作修饰词,所以将句中的very去掉或将其改为much等。

十三.中考英语短文改错考点·代词考点

代词的错误主要表现在是用宾格、主格还是所有格,是用反身代词还是物主代词等;代词所指代的内容要与先行词在性和数方面保持一致,要与其自身的 指代在意义上保持一致。例如:

例1:The Smiths did his best to make me feel at home.分析:the Smiths意为“史密斯一家人”,根据主语为复数,his应改为their.例2:And they must not break the rules too often if we want to win the game.分析:根据从句主语we及句意可知,主句主语they应改为we.例3:The day before the match,English teacher talked to me.分析:English teacher为可数名词,前面缺少限定词修饰,根据句意可知应在 English teacher 前加上my.例4:One day I wrote a little story and showed to my teacher.分析:showed后应加it,代替前面的a little story.十四.中考英语短文改错考点·冠词考点

冠词是英语中特有的词类。由于汉语中没有与之相对的词,所以冠词的考查一直是中考的热点。冠词的常见考点有:不定冠词a,an与定冠词的误用;冠词的泛指与特指;固定搭配和习惯用法中冠词的有无等。

广州中考英语真题详解 篇2

真题回放及命题思路

Directions: Write an essay of 160~200 words based on the following drawing. In your essay you should

1) describe the drawing briefly

2) explain its intended meaning, and

3) give your comments

You should write neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (20 points)

总的来说,本次考研英语(一)大作文的出题中规中矩,主题并不生僻,写作难度适中。不过,今年的题目在话题方面与往年略有不同:2009~2011年的考研英语大作文考查的都是有争议的现象或负面现象类的话题,而此次考试考查的是正面观点类(乐观心态)的话题。鉴于此,笔者认为2013年考研英语大作文也有可能继续考查这一类型的话题,因此考生对此要予以足够的重视。

答题问题及解决方案

据笔者对本次考研英语大作文答题情况的了解,考生答题的主要问题存在于审题、文章结构以及语言组织三个方面。下面笔者就每个方面的问题进行一一评析。

1. 审题

本次考研英语大作文图画描述的是两个人对于“瓶子打翻在地”的不同态度:其中一个表现得消极悲观,另一个表现得积极乐观。出题者希望考生从图画中归纳出的寓意应该是“积极乐观的心态的重要性”。这本不是一个难看懂的图画,可是许多考生却将其解读成“地沟油”“酒驾”等离题甚远的寓意,导致失分。出现这一失误的原因主要有以下两点:第一,考生基本功不扎实,看到图画只能向自己熟悉的话题模板靠拢。根据调查和授课时的学生反馈,考生对负面现象类话题模板较为熟悉,练习较多,而对这种正面观点类题目感觉相对陌生。第二,考生受押题思路影响过大。考前押题是很常见的现象,本无可厚非,但考生只把注意力放在被“押”的题目上,并且过分依赖押题,以至于忽略了如何做到以不变应万变。

总的来讲,近十年来考研英语的大作文题目主要分为三类:负面现象类(2011年的“旅游之余”、2006年的“养老足球”等)、有争议的现象类(2010年的“文化火锅”、2009年的“网络的‘远’与‘近’”等)以及正面观点类(2008年的“合作”、2007年的“自信”等)。笔者希望备考2013年考研英语的考生对于每一种类型的作文题目都要练习,做到万无一失,有备无患。事实上,考研英语大作文的备考完全可以做到万无一失,因为考研英语作文的写作可以看成是模板和素材的排列组合,无论遇到哪一种题目类型,考生都可以通过相应模板和素材的变换来拿到满意的分数。笔者建议考生仔细研读近十年这三类文章的高分范文,总结出自己的写作套路和论证方法,然后结合素材,强化背诵和仿写。有了扎实的基本功,考生在考场就能正常发挥,不会因为实力不济或者受押题思路影响而出现审题失误的情况,犯下不该犯的错误。

2. 文章结构

笔者把考研英语大作文的文章结构总结为“三分天下,六方论证”。

“三分天下”指的是将文章写成三段:首段主要对图画进行总体描述和细节描述;中间段说明图画的寓意,并进行相关论证;结尾段则是申明自己的观点与建议。

“六方论证”指的是文章的中间段可以采取六种论证方法,包括陈述现象、说明成因、阐述后果、举例、引用、引申。就本次大作文题目来讲,许多考生在写作中间段时要么逻辑不清晰,要么论证不充分,导致最终失分。本次作文要论证的主题是“乐观心态”或者“积极人生态度”的重要性。写作中间段时,很多考生能想到用“说明成因+阐述后果+引用”的论证方法来论述,但是由于很少接触正面观点类文章的写作,因而在构思写作思路时存在一些困难。针对“乐观”怎么写成因和后果呢?事实上,考生只要围绕“为什么要乐观”以及“如果不乐观有什么后果”这两方面来写就可以了。如果能想到这两点,那么写作的思路就清晰了。以后考生遇到任何正面观点类文章,都可以借鉴此种思路:先说明成因,即“为什么要有这类正面观点”;然后写后果,即“不具备这种观点的后果是什么”。考生如果有这样清晰的逻辑思路,写作时就有充分的时间去组织语言,而不必纠结于论证方法。

3. 语言组织

在语言组织方面,考生写作时主要存在两方面的问题。第一个问题是对于不会拼写的单词不懂得同义改写。这次大作文的题目是“乐观心态”,主题词“乐观”用英文说应该是optimism。很多考生不会写optimism,于是花了很长时间纠结于这个词,最后要么空着没写,要么写了该词的中文拼音。其实,考生在考场遇到这种情况时应该想到同义改写。比如,如果考生不会写optimism,应想到用同义替换词组positive attitude (积极的心态)来代替。第二个问题是没有避免单词的重复使用。“单词多样性”是高分作文很重要的标准之一。很多考生在短短160多个单词的文章中用了近十次optimism,使得文章在遣词方面显得过于单一。这可能会给阅卷老师一个信号,那就是该考生词汇量贫乏,结果就是给分不高。现在离2013年考研还有一段时间,想拿高分的同学一定要注意积累写作核心词汇的同义转换词和替换词。例如,本次考试的optimism还可以换作affirmative state of mind。类似的高频词汇的同义转换词还有如下这些:think—cling to the idea that、popular—prevalent、famous—prestigious、more and more—increasingly、great—enormous/excessive、hatred—resentment、threat—menace等等。

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参考范文及详解

Looking at this thought-provoking picture symbolically depicted by the drawer, I do realize how significant it is to be optimistic. Two men react in an extremely different manner when seeing a bottle of water overturned on the ground. Their facial expressions imply that one is rather gloomy and the other is quite composed and confident.

Common as it is at first glance, it brims with illumination after serious pondering. Nowadays, it is inevitable for individuals to encounter twists and turns in their lives. No one will be an exception. Steve Jobs is a case in point. He became an idol of many young people for his outstanding performance in running Apple company while he suffered from cancer. But for optimism, he could never have been such a high-achiever. Hence, it pays to be affirmative like the man with the smile illustrated in the cartoon. Possessing this quality, one can not only achieve greater success but also exert positive influence on others. If one invariably succumbs to pessimism, he/she can’t be expected to tap his/her full potential in life.

Accordingly, it is high time that we deliberately fostered this state of mind. For one thing, schools and parents cannot shun their obligation to guide young people to be affirmative. For another, the public media should advocate the importance of optimism. Only with a positive attitude towards life can our promising future be guaranteed.

文章首段开门见山地指出了图画的寓意是“乐观心态的重要性”,突破常规模式,给阅卷老师眼前一亮的感觉。在句式上,首段用了现在分词作伴随状语以及非限定定语从句,做到了句式多样性。这都符合高分文章开篇的特点:准确、有效、让人印象深刻。

中间段第一句是模板句式,几乎适用于所有图画作文题目。对于这类句式,考生可以适当积累一部分,一来可以节省写作时间,二来这类句式的用词与造句都较高级,可以增加文章亮点。从论证方法上来看,范文采用了传统的“陈述现象+举例+说明成因+阐述后果”的模式,逻辑清晰,论证充分。文中举乔布斯的例子来支撑观点,贴切又新颖。从用词上来看,本文用词比较灵活多样。比如,“成功者”不用successful people,而用到high-achiever,“常常”不用often而换成invariably等。用词实际上是阅卷老师给分的首要标准,考生要尽量做到“准确”“多样”“高级”。

结尾段作为总结段落,强调了乐观的重要性,指出我们需要有意识培养乐观心态,并从学校、家长和媒体的力量等方面提出如何培养这一心态。需要指出的是,考生在结尾段写建议时可以从四个角度来思考:第一,政府:建议政府issue related laws and regulations (颁布相应法规)以及enhance supervision (加强监管);第二,媒体:建议媒体advocate and publicize the notion/awareness/virtue/quality (倡导宣传理念/意识/美德/品质)。第三,学校和家长:建议学校和家长cultivate and guide young people (培养和引导年轻人)。第四,个人:个人要做到self-disciplined (自我约束)。

备考建议

对于考研英语大作文,考生可以分基础、强化和冲刺三个阶段来备考。在基础阶段,考生可以背诵一些写作高频词汇和近十年大作文真题的高分范文;在强化阶段,考生应重视大作文各类素材的积累,比如环境类、文化类、个人成长类、就业压力类、稳定和谐类、成功幸福类等;在冲刺阶段,考生应提炼出自己针对各类写作题目的模板,做大量练习。此外,考生除了常写常练,还应让他人帮自己修改,了解自己写作的缺点所在,有针对性提高写作水平。

广州中考英语真题详解 篇3

完型填空

1、答案:B

解析:本题测试语义逻辑衔接。 “ selected” 意为 “挑选”; “prepared”意为 “准备”; “obliged”意为“迫使,责成”;“pleased”意为“高兴地,满足地”, 前一句“人们不敢说”,本句中由“but ”一词可推出意思与上句相反,即“Cochran 准备说”, 所以选B.

2、答案:D

解析:本题测试词义辨析 。“unique”意为“唯一的, 独特的”;“particular”意为“特殊的, 独特的”;“special”意为“特别的, 特殊的”;“rare”意为“稀罕的,珍贵的`”,rare bird 意为“稀有的人”,空格相关意思是“只有Cochra准备说”, 而且 “rare bird” 是固定搭配,所以选D

3、答案:A

解析:本题测试介词的语意搭配, independently of 意为“不依赖于, 独立”,所以选A

4、答案:C

解析:本题测试词义辨析。由“actually”推出本句是对现在和以前对疾病看法的对比,所以选C

5、答案:C

解析:本题测试副词的用法及语段的连贯性。Even 做程度副词,表示递进关系,意为“即使他自己也…”.所以选C

6、答案:A

解析:本题测试词义搭配。空格相关意思是“一想到他即将要做的,即使他自己也….” “At thought of ”意为“一看到…”; at sight of意为年“一看见”;at cost of 意为“以…的代价”;at risk of意为“冒着….的危险”,所以选A

7、答案:B

解析:本题测试动词辨析。advice意为 “建议”; suggest意为“建议,提出’”; protest“主张,断言”; object“反对”,此句指“在论文中, 他建议…”,所以选B

8、答案:D

解析:本题测试词组搭配,in progress 意为“进行中”;in fact 意为“事实上”; in need意为“在危难中”; in question 意为“正在被讨论的”,前一句正在谈论 “ group群体” ,本句衔接上一句表达“正在被讨论的这个群体”,所以选D

9. 答案:B

解析:本题考查动词辨析。从该句中的12-15 points 可知,前面的动词是与分数相关的。score的意思是得分,打分,而其他三项没有这层意思。故答案为B。

10. 答案:C

中考英语语法详解三:介词、连词 篇4

一、介词

1. 介词概述:介词表示它与后面的名词或代词与其他句子成分的关系。介词是虚词,不能单独做句子成分。介词在英语中用法很活,也无一定规律可循。在初中范围内还应学一个记住一个,特别是那些和动词的特殊搭配。

2. 常用介词的意义和用法。

⑴ 时间或地点介词in、on、at的用法区别:

表示时间时, in表示在一段时间里(在将来时句子中则表示在一段时间之后), on表示在具体的某一天或者某天的上下午等, at表示在某个时刻或者瞬间;

表示地点时, in表示在某个范围之内, on表示在某个平面上或与一个面相接触,at则表示在某个具体的场所或地点。如:

He was born on the night of May 10th.

I usually get up at 7:00 in the morning.

His glasses are on the desk.

My brother is at the bus stop.

⑵ after与in表示时间的用法区别:“after+(具体时刻/从句)”表示“在…时刻之后”常用于一般过去时态;“in+(一段时间)”表示“在(多久)之后”,常用于将来时态。如:

He said that he would come back after 6:00.

My father is coming back from Astralia in about a month.

⑶ since与for表示时间的用法区别:“since+(具体时刻/that-从句)”表示“自从…起一直到现在”,“for +(一段时间)”表示“持续一段时间”,都常用于完成时态;如:

My father has worked in this factory since 1970.

My father has worked in this factory for over 30 years.

⑷ by、in与with表示方式的用法区别:都可以表示“工具、手段”,但是by主要表示“乘坐”某个交通工具或“以……方式”,在被动句中可以表示动作的执行者;in表示“使用”某种语言/文字,with表示“使用”某个具体的工具、手段。如:

We write with our hands and walk with our feet.

Please speak in English.

Let’s go to the zoo by bus.

It was invented by Adison.

⑸ about与on的用法区别:都可以表示“有关…”,但是about的意义比较广,而on主要表示“有关…(专题/课程)”。如:

Tom is going to give a speech on the history of China.

They are talking about the English test.

⑹ through与across、over的用法区别: through指“穿过…(门洞/人群/树林)”; across和over可以指“跨越…(街道/河流)”,可互换,但是表示“翻过…”时只能用over. 如:

Just then a kangaroo (鼠)ran across the road.(就在那时一只袋鼠跑过路面)

There is a bridge across/over the river.(河上有座桥)

They climbed over the mountain and arrived there (他们翻过大山到达了那里)/

The visitors went through a big gate into another park.(参观者们穿过一个大门来到另一个公园)

(7)as与like的区别:两个词都表示“像……”,但是as译为“作为……”,表示的是职业、职务、作用等事实,而like译为“像……一样”,表示外表,不是事实。如:

Let me speak to you as a teacher.(我以老师的身份和你讲话。)

Let me speak to you like a teacher.(让我像一位老师一样和你讲话)

(8)in front of 与in the front of:in front of“在…的前面”, 与in the front of“在…的前部”。如:

A group of people was standing in front of the hall.

In the front of the hall stood a group of people.

(12)except与besides的区别:except“除了”,表示排除掉某人物,即不包含;而besides“除了”则表示包含,即“不仅……又……”。如:

Everyone went to the park except Tom.(除了Tom,大家都去了公园)(Tom没有去公园)/

Besides maths he also studied many other subjects.(除了数学之外,他还学其他许多功课)(“数学”也是他学的功课之一)

连词

1.连词概述:连词是一种虚词,用于连接单词,短语或句子,但不单独做句子成分。按照连词的性质,可将连词分为并列连词和从属连词。并列连词如:and,but,or,for等,它们即可连接单词,短语,又可连接句子。从属连词如:when,before ,because等,它们主要引导名词性从句。

2.常见连词的用法:

1)并列连词 的用法: 并列连词有:and, but, or, nor, so, for yet, however, as well as, both…and, not only…but also, either…or, neither…nor, still,

And: 连接单词短语句子 。如:Tom and I study in the same school.

But, or :I have a pen but no pencil. / Would you like coffee or tea?

Nothing but除了,只有: I did nothing but watch it.

Or表示否则:如: Hurry up or you will miss the train.

for 表示后面的句子是原因。如: He is good at piano for he practices harder than others.

Not only…but also 不仅…而且。可并列主、谓、宾、表及句子。主语并列时,谓语要就近一致。如: Not only he but also I am a nurse.

As well as 以及,同样。并列单词、短语、句子。并列主语时,动词要随前面的主语变化 .如:He works as well as he can

Either…or 既…又…,或…或…,并列主、谓、宾、表及状语 ,如:Either come in or go out.

Neither…nor 既不…也不, 并列主、谓、宾、表、状语,并列主语时,谓语就近一致。如:Neither you nor he is lazy.

Both…and 和,既…也,并列主、谓、宾及表语。I can speak both English and French.

nor 也不,引导句子要倒装 。如:He can not play the piano, nor can I.

so 因此,所以,不和because连用。如:You like swimming, so do I.

1) 从属连词的用法: 从属连词有:after, when, before, as, while, since, until, till, if, unless, because, than, that, whether, so that

after 表示“时间”,在…之后。如:After I finished the school, I became a worker in the factory.

Although/though 表示让步, “尽管”。如: Although she is young, she knows a lot.

as 表示时间,“当…时”,方式“象…”,原因,“由于、因为”让步,“尽管、虽然” 。如: As it was rainy, we couldn’t go out now.

As if/as though 表方式,“似乎、好像” 。如: He told us such a story as though he had been there before.

As long as/so long as 表条件,“只要” 。如: As long as I am here, I’ll go to help you.

As soon as 表时间,“一…就…”。如: I will call you as soon as I come back.

because 表原因,“因为”。如: I have to practice more because I am not good at English.

before 表时间,“在…之前’’ 。如: You should think more before you do it.

Even if/ even though 表让步,“即使”。如: You should try again even if you failed.

Hardly…when 表时间,“(刚)一…就”。如: Hardly I entered the gate when the bell rang.

if “假如”,引导条件状语从句。如: We will stay at home if the rain doesn’t stop.

“是否”,引导宾语从句。如; I don’t know if he goes shopping.

In order that 表目的,“为了,以便”。如: We study hard in order that we can pass the exam.

No matter +疑问词 表让步,“无论,不管”。如: No matter what you do, you should try your best.

No sooner…than 表时间,“刚一…就…”。如: No sooner had I come home than it began to rain.

once 表时间,“一旦…”。如: Once you read this book, you’ll never forget it.

since 表时间,“自从…以来”。如: He has been in this city since he left school.

表原因,“既然,由于” 。如: Since the job is dangerous, let’s do it more carefully.

so far as/as far as 表条件,“就…而言,就…而论”。如:As far as I know, it is easy for you to speak in English.

So that 表目的,“以便” 。如: Speak loud so that everybody can hear clearly.

So…that 表结果“如此,以致”。如: He got up so early that he caught the early bus.

than 表示比较,“比” 。如: Things were worse than we thought.

unless 表条件,“除非,如果不” 。如: You will fail in the test unless you study hard.

Until/till 表时间,“直到…为止” 。如: I’ll wait till my mother comes back.

when 表时间,“当…时’’。如: When they got there, the train has left.

whether “是否”引导名词性从句 。如: Whether he can come to see us is unknown.

表让步,“不管/无论、是否”。如:Whether she is rich or poor, she is always happy.

while 表时间,“当…时” 。如: While he was in Beijing, he visited the Great Wall.

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