北师大高中必修1英语课件（精选8篇）
A couch potato 终日懒散在家看电视的人—沙发土豆
When I wake up I don’t get up immediately.“早上醒来，我不马上起床。I turn on the television and watch the children’s programs and old movies until about half-past ten.我总是先打开电视，看看儿童节目，看看老片子，一直看到十点半。Then I get up, go downstairs and switch on the TV in the living room.然后起床，下楼，打开起居室的电视。For lunch, I have biscuits and a glass of milk, and I watch the news.午餐时，我边吃饼干、喝牛奶，边看新闻。In the afternoon, I often watch another old film – they’re showing some good ones at the moment.下午，我常看另一部老影片—眼下电视里正播放非常好看的老电影。In the evenings, I often watch TV series or sport and the news again.晚上我要么看连续剧，要么看体育节目，接着再看新闻。I like the main news at six o’clock.我喜欢看六点的重要新闻。At nine thirty, if there is a good play on BBC 2, I switch over and watch it.九点半，如果英国广播公司二频道有好看的电视剧，我会调过去看看。Then at night, I watch more films and I usually switch off the TV at about two o’clock.I never watch TV at night.夜里，我接着看看电影，通常看到凌晨两点才关电视。我从不通宵看电视。
I watch TV for sixteen or seventeen hours a day.我一天要看十六七个小时电视。I also do some exercise every day.I take Tina, the dog, for a walk every afternoon.每天也会出去活动活动。下午我带着小狗蒂娜散步。I don’t go far, of course.I walk to the wall outside my house.当然，我不会走远，只走到我家房子外的墙边。I always take my portable TV and I sit on the stone wall while the dog walks round in a circle.这时，我总是随身携带手提电视，坐在石头墙上看，小狗则在我身边绕圈。
Of course, I couldn’t live this lifestyle without a good wife.当然，没有一个好妻子，我是不可能过上这种妙不可言的生活的。She’s not here now because she’s working, but she always makes my meals.她在工作，所以现在不在家。她天天给我做饭。We haven’t got much money, you know, but we’re happy.你知道，我们虽然钱不过，但活得很快活。Sit down and watch TV.Here’s the remote control.You’ve got the world at your feet.And in your hand.Great!想想看，坐在家里，看着电视，手握遥控器，世界就在你脚下！也在你手中！这感觉真棒！
A workaholic工作狂
I normally wake up about five minutes before my alarm clock goes off.As soon as I hear my alarm clock, I jump out of my bed.It takes me less than fifteen minutes to wash, get changed, have breakfast, leave home and get on a bus.我一般在闹钟响前5分钟就醒了。闹钟一响，我立刻跳下床，从洗漱、穿衣、吃早饭、离家到坐上公共汽车只用15分钟。
I am always the first person to get to the office.The mornings are always very busy and the afternoons are even busier!Meetings and phone calls take up a large part of the day.Every minute of the day is filled with urgent matters.我总是第一个到办公室。每天早晨都很忙，下午更忙。整天会议、电话不断。一天中几乎每一分钟都充斥着急待处理的事情。By around eight o’clock, I usually find some time to do my own paperwork and answer some personal e-mails.通常大约晚8点我才有时间处理自己的事：写写东西，回复些电子邮件等。
When I get home at about ten, I look at some documents that I bring back from the office so that I can be ready for the next day’s work.I get to bed around midnight when my wife and children are already asleep.晚上10点我才能到家。到家后还要浏览带回的文件，为第二天的工作做准备。我一般半夜才上床睡觉。那是妻子和孩子们都早已进入梦乡。
I seldom have time for fun and other activities with my family.My family complains about it.But I try to work hard so that I can make more money for them.我很少有时间娱乐或家人一起活动。妻子和孩子们总是抱怨，但我得拼命工作，好为他们赚更多的钱。Besides, I get bored if there’s nothing to do.I like being busy.而且，要是没事可做我会觉得非常无聊。我真的喜欢忙忙碌碌。
Lifestyles
City and Country城市和农村
Debbie is an accountant in a large company in the centre of London.（黛比是伦敦一家大公司的会计。）
I need to be in my office by nine o’clock so I usually get up at seven o’clock.I travel to work on “the tube”.That’s what people call the underground in London.我通常每天7点起床，9点钟前赶到办公室。我乘地铁上班。（the tube 就是人们通常所陈的伦敦地下铁路系统。）It takes about fifty minutes.Usually, it’s so crowded that I can’t find anywhere to sit.I just stand.I’m always tired before I arrive at work.I don’t like the underground!乘地铁大约需要15分钟。通常地铁很拥挤，很难找到座位，我只好站着。这样每天到办公室前，我就已感到很疲倦。我一点儿都不喜欢乘地铁！
I spend all morning checking numbers.Lunch is always simple.每天上午我要计算数字，核对账目。I often get a sandwich in a nearby sandwich shop or I just have some biscuits and a cup of coffee.Then in the afternoon, I return to the paperwork in the office.午饭总是很简单，我常在附近的三明治店买个三明治，或吃些饼干，喝杯咖啡。下午我在办公室处理文字资料。
On Monday nights, I have dance classes, and on Wednesday nights, I go to the gym.I need to do that because I don’t get enough exercise otherwise.On Tuesday and Thursday nights, I have French classes.星期一晚上我上舞蹈课。星期三晚上我去健身房。我需要运动，因为每天运动量不够。星期二和星期四晚上我去上法语课。I work for a French company so I think studying French will help me in my job.我在为一家法国公司工作，所以我认为学法语对我的工作有益。
I go to the cinema almost every weekend.Sometimes, if the weather forecast is good, my friends and I drive to the countryside for a weekend break.几乎每个周末我都去看电影，朋友们称我为影迷。有时，如果预报天气好的话，我会和朋友们开车去乡下度周末。We like to visit nice, quiet places far away from the city and go walking where there are no shops, crowds or the tube.That fresh air is so good for my lungs.I love it.我喜欢去那些远离城市、幽静、风光秀丽的地方，在没有商店、人群、地铁的地方漫步。那里的新鲜空气对肺部有好处，我喜欢新鲜的空气。
Paul lives in a small village in the north of England.（保罗住在英格兰北部的一个小村庄。）
I usually get up at four o’clock every morning when it’s still dark.I live and work on the farm so I don’t need to travel.我通常大约凌晨4点天还黑着的时候就起床。我在农场工作、生活，不用乘通勤车上下班。After a big breakfast in my house, I walk out of the front door and I’m already at work.饱餐一顿早饭之后，我走出家门，开始一天的工作。
There are many things to do on the farm all day.We don’t have the same work hours that office workers in the city have.每天我都有很多事情要做。和在办公室工作的人不同，我们的工作时间依需要而定。We do jobs when they need to be done and that could be early in the morning or late at night.I have cows, sheep, pigs and chickens on my farm.I have to make sure they are free of sickness.可能在早晨就工作，也可能是在半夜。我的农场里有猪、羊、牛、鸡等，我得确保它们不得病。I also grow wheat and vegetables so there are many things to look after.我也种麦子、蔬菜。每天我都有很多事需要料理。
In the evening, I like to play with my children.I have two children, a boy and a girl.They are six and eight years old.晚上我喜欢喝孩子们一块儿玩。我有两个孩子，一男一女，一个6岁，一个8岁。I also like to study.Right now I am studying Chinese by distance learning.I am very interested in China and it’s my dream to see the Great Wall one day.我也喜欢学习。眼下我正在通过远程教育学习汉语。我对中国很感兴趣。我一直梦想着有一天能亲眼看看长城。
I love movies.My wife calls me a “movie fan”.But there isn’t a cinema in my village so I don’t get the chance to go very often.我喜欢看电影。妻子称我为影迷。遗憾的是，我们村没有电影院，所以我没有机会经常看电影。I go about twice a year, usually when I go to London with my family.We take a weekend break there when I am not too busy on the farm.我一年只能看两次电影，通常是在和家人去伦敦的时候。只要农场活不太多，我们会抓住机会度周末。My wife loves looking in the clothes shops and I like all the crowds and the noise.I also like to buy a few cigars.Unfortunately, my wife isn’t as fond of them as I am.我妻子喜欢逛服装店；我喜欢看看人群、听听城市的嘈杂声。我还喜欢买几支雪茄烟，我妻子不像我那样喜欢雪茄。My son and daughter love to ride on London’s red buses and they especially love to go on the tube!女儿和儿子喜欢坐伦敦的红色公共汽车游览观光。他们特别喜欢乘地铁。
Heroes 英雄
National Hero民族英雄
China’s first manned spaceship lifted off at 9 a.m.on Wednesday, October 15th, 2003 in Jiuquan, Gansu Province.中国第一次载人飞船于2003年10月15日星期三早上九点在甘肃酒泉发射。The spaceship, called ShenzhouV, was carrying China’s first astronaut, Yang Liwei.Yang, who was a pilot in the army, was chosen from 1,500 other army pilots and started training for his space flight in 1998.名为神舟五号的飞船搭载着中国第一名从1500名空军士兵中挑选出来的已从1998开始太空飞行训练的航天员杨利伟。
The launch was very successful.“When the spaceship was lifting off, I could really feel the high gravity”, said Yang Liwei.“When the spaceship separated from the rocket, I suddenly got a feeling of soaring into the sky because of the zero gravity.” 发射过程是非常地成功。“当太空飞船发射时，我还可以感受到明显的重力，”杨利伟说：“但当飞船与火箭分离时，我突然就有一种腾飞上空的感觉，因为那时重力已经是零了。”
During the 21-hour space flight, the Shenzhou V circled the earth 14 times.在21小时的太空飞行过程中，神舟五号共绕地球14周。While the spaceship was circling the earth for the sixth time, Yang Liwei spoke with ground control in Gansu.在绕地飞行第六周时，杨利伟通过甘肃的地面控制与大家对话。He was also able to speak with his wife and 8-year-old son.他还同他的妻子和八岁的儿子进行了对话。Yang Liwei had several tasks to complete during the flight and only slept in the spaceship for about 3 hours.杨利伟在飞行过程中需要完成很多项任务，所以他在飞船上只有3小时睡觉。While he was sleeping, the spaceship circled the earth twice.当他在睡觉时，飞船又绕行了地球两周。
When the spaceship was doing its seventh circle, Yang Liwei showed the flags of China and the United Nations, expressing the wishes of the Chinese people to explore and use space peacefully.在飞船绕地第七周时，杨利伟通过向我们展示了中国和联合国的旗帜，表达了中国群众对和平开发利用太空的共同愿望。
At 6:23 a.m.on October 16th, Yang Liwei landed in Inner Mongolia safely.10月16日6时23分，杨利伟在内蒙古安全降落。He told reporters later, “The surface of the spaceship was glowing red when it came back into the earth’s atmosphere.When ShenzhouV let out its parachute, I felt the ship was shaking.” 杨利伟回到地球大气层时，直升飞机就会飞到他将降落的位置，准备去接住他。As Yang Liwei returned into the earth’s atmosphere, helicopters were flying to where he would land, ready to collect him.他在之后告诉记者：“在飞船回到地球大气层时它的表层已经开始变红。在神五放出它的降落伞时，我感受到它在摇晃。”
Millions of people all over China were watching TV when the spaceship landed safely.中国上百万的人在飞船安全降落时都看着电视的播报。When Yang Liwei climbed out of the spaceship, he smiled and waved to the crowds waiting for him.Yang Liwei was happy to be home but he said, “I thought 21 hours was too short to stay in space.”当杨利伟从飞船中出来，他微笑着并向等候着他的人挥手。杨利伟很高兴自己回到了家，说：“我认为在太空21小时是最短的时间不过了。”
Sports Stars体育明星
VENUS and SERENA WILLIAMS are sisters.They are also both tennis champions who often have to play each other!Venus和Serena Williams是一对姐妹。她们经常对战而且也都是网球冠军。Venus is now eleventh in the world, and her younger sister Serena has moved up to third.Venus现在是世界排行上的第十一名，而她的妹妹甚至已经上升到了第三名。
The two sisters were born in a poor and dangerous area of California.It was full of drugs and violence.两姐妹出生在加利福尼亚的一个贫穷而危险的地方。In a recent interview, Venus spoke about the time when she and Serena were practising tennis and they had to run and hide as bullets started flying through the air.最近的一次访谈中，Venus谈到这段她们需要一边躲避穿越空中的子弹一边练习网球的日子。Finally, in 1991, the sisters and their family moved to a safer area and since then they have never looked back.在1991年，她们一家人搬到了更安全的地方，从那以后她们也不再回想当时的生活。
The sisters’ father, Richard, started to train Venus and Serena when they were young children.两姐妹的父亲Richard在她们小的时候就开始就训练她们打网球。He has always been very strict with his daughters, training them hard to compete against each other.他总是对他的女儿们很严厉，通过让他们对战来训练他们完成任务。Brandi, the sisters’ mother taught her daughters at home so that they completed their high school while developing their tennis careers.她们的母亲Brandi在家里教导她们学习，这样她们可以再完成高校学业的同时提高她们的网球进程。Today, both sisters are studying design at college.They have already expressed a keen interest in working in design after their tennis careers come to an end.现在，姐妹两人都在大学修设计专业。他们在网球历程走向终点后对设计表现出很大的兴趣。
The sisters’ road to success has been amazing.The first time Venus played in a big event was in 1996.姐妹两的成功之路是惊人的。Venus第一次参加大型比赛是在1996年。Since then, she has won Wimbledon and the US Open twice.Serena has continued to improve and make fantastic progress.在那之后，她赢得了温布尔登奖以及在美网公开赛中获得了两次胜利。Serena也持续提升着自己的技能并获得了可观的成果。In 1999 and 2002, she won the US Open, and in 2002 and 2003, she was the women’s singles champion at Wimbledon.在1999和2002年她在美网公开赛中获得胜利，而在2002和2003年她在温布尔登成为了女单冠军。Has tennis ever caused problems between the sisters? Fortunately, no.“We’ve played each other before and it hasn’t worried us yet!” says Venus.“If she wins,” Serena jokes, “Mama says she has to do the dishes!”试问网球是否曾经在姐妹间产生过问题？幸运的是，没有。“我们曾经对战过但那并没有困扰我们！”Venus说。“如果她赢了，”Serena开玩笑说：“妈妈会说晚饭要归她做。”
Christopher Reeve
1.Christopher Reeve was born in September, 1952.He was in his first school play when he was eight and he started to act in TV shows and films while he was still in college.Christopher Reeve出生在1952年九月。他在八岁时参加了他的第一次学校戏剧，上大学时就参演了电视剧和电影。He made many successful films and TV shows but he is most famous for his Superman films.他在演艺事业中获得了很多成就，而其中最著名的就是电影《超人》。
2.Unfortunately, disaster came in 1995 when he fell from his horse and broke his back.The doctors did not expect him to live.However, he made amazing progress.不幸的是，1995不安吧灾难在他掉下马的一瞬间降临到了他身上。医生也对他的生存不抱期望。然而，他创造了奇迹。At first, he couldn’t breathe without a machine, but he learnt to breathe on his own.He would never walk again but he started a new life with great courage.最初，他需要机器来支持呼吸，但他尽力地学习着自己呼吸。如果他不是靠着这份勇气来开始新生活，他将不能再一次站起来。
3.The second year after his accident, Christopher returned to film making.He also raised a lot of money to promote medical research into back injuries.发生意外后的第二年，Christopher回到了电影制作中。他筹集了很多资金来发展背部医疗工程。He made speeches all over the USA about his experiences.This not only drew public attention to research into back injuries but also encouraged a lot of people living with all kinds of problems.他在全美就他的经历来展开讲座。这不仅仅引起了背部医疗的注意，更给像这样带着各种问题的人的生存带来了鼓励。
From their home, Christopher and his wife Dana spoke about their life after the accident.从他们家里，Christopher和他的妻子Dana讲述事故之后他们的故事。
4.Have you thought of giving up after the accident? Q：在事故发生之后你有没有想过放弃呢？
“No.Four days after the injury, I came to understand my situation.My wife Dana and I were in the hospital.The doctor said I was not going to pull through.没有。受伤后四天，我开始明白了我的处境。我和妻子Dana住了院。医生告诉我我没什么康复了。Dana said: „But you’re still you, and I love you.‟ And that saved my life.Since that moment I have never thought of giving up.Dana跟我说，我还是我，而她也爱我。而这句话拯救了我。在那之后我没有再想过放弃。Of course, I’ve had moments of feeling sorry for myself, but I’ve never had any thoughts of committing suicide.”当然，我有时会觉得这对我太遗憾了，但我从没有想过自杀。
5.Did you think that your marriage was so strong? Q:你是否觉得你们的婚姻十分顽强？
“Yes, because Dana’s so wonderful.We have always got on really well.Our relationship has always been fantastic.”是的，因为Dana实在很优秀。我们相处真的十分愉快。我们的关系总是相当的好。
6.How did your parents react to the accident? Q:你的父母对事故有什么反应？
“They divorced when I was four.They’ve got closer since the accident.”他们在我四岁的时候离婚了。而在事故后他们更亲近了。
7.How did you get involved with charity work? 为什么你会投身于慈善事业的呢？
“I know a lot of disabled people need my help.This is how I got involved with my charity work to improve the quality of life for all disabled people.” 我明白到很多残疾人士需要我的帮助。这就是为什么我要投身于慈善事业来为残疾人士改善生活。
8.“With the progress of new medical research, I’m confident that people like me would be able to walk again one day.“随着医疗新科技的发展，我很自信像我一样的人能有一天重新站起来。So you can see, I’m far too busy with living to think of giving up!”所以你可以看见，我忙得根本没有时间去想放弃的问题。”
9.Christopher Reeve died on October 10, 2004.But people all over the world will always remember him as a superhero.Christopher Reeve在2004年10月逝去。但全世界的人们永远都会这一位超级英雄。
Celebration Festivals节日
A: Autumn
Every year in September or October, the Mid-Autumn Festival is celebrated by the Chinese people all over the world.秋季——每一年的九年或十月，全国的华人都会庆祝中秋节。On this day, the moon is said to be its biggest and brightest.People like to meet in the evening and watch the moon.在这一天，月亮被认为是最大最亮的。人们喜欢在夜晚相约赏月。
The Mid-Autumn Festival is important because it is a special occasion for family.It is also a day for special foods like moon cakes.There are all kinds of moon cakes.中秋节是个十分重要的节日，因为它对于家庭是个特别的时刻。它也是享用像月饼类食物的特别的日子。Traditional moon cakes are usually made with bean paste, but nowadays, there are many different kinds of moon cakes including fruit, coffee, chocolate and even ice-cream moon cakes.传统的月饼一般使用豆酱做的，不过现在又有了很多不同种类的馅，像水果、咖啡、巧克力，甚至还有冰淇淋。
B: Winter
The Lantern Festival falls on the fifteenth day of the first lunar month.It marks the end of the Chinese New Year celebrations.冬季——正月十五是元宵节。它是中国新年的最后一天。
There are many stories about how the Lantern Festival started.对于元宵节的由来有很多说法。In one story, lanterns were lit to celebrate the power of light over darkness.In another story, a town was almost destroyed but the light from many lanterns saved it.有一个是说，挂起灯笼来庆祝是象征着照亮黑暗的力量。另一种说法是，一座快被摧毁的城镇被许多的灯笼所救。The story was about a god who wanted to burn down the town.He was fooled when he saw thousands of lanterns.He thought the town was already burning.这故事讲述一个神明意图烧毁城镇。他在看见成千上万的灯笼时吓傻了。他以为那已经烧起来了。
In the past, lanterns were usually lit by candles and decorated with pictures of birds, animals and flowers, etc.在过去灯笼一般是靠蜡烛挂起的，并用鸟类、动物和花卉等等的图案做装饰。Nowadays, most lanterns are made with light bulbs and batteries, and they come in many shapes and sizes.In the north-eastern part of China, there are even ice-lanterns.如今，大多灯笼用带电池的灯丝作支撑，被做成许多形状和尺寸。在中国的东北部，甚至会有冰灯。
The special food for the Lantern Festival is the sweet dumpling.Sweet dumplings are boiled and served in hot water.元宵节的特殊事物是饺子。饺子是放在热水里煮熟的。
C: Summer
The Dragon Boat Festival falls on the fifth day of the fifth month of the lunar year, As it is in early summer, it marks the beginning of the hottest season of the year.夏季——阴历九月九日是重阳节。因为它是早夏的节日，所以它开启了一年中最热的季节。
The tradition of the Dragon Boat Festival started more than 2,000 years ago.In the old days, dragon boat races were organized only by Chinese people.重阳节的传统开始于2000多年前。在以前的日子，只有中国人举行龙舟竞赛。However, in recent years, people from other cultures have also taken part in races and enjoyed the fun.然而，在近几年，其他地区的人也开始参与享受竞赛。
There is a special food for the festival.It is called zongzi, which is sticky rice in fresh bamboo leaves.这个节日也有一种特殊的食物。其名为粽子，是在糯米上包上新鲜竹叶做成的。
Celebration
Weddings婚礼
Weddings in Indonesia 印度婚礼
If a friend gets an invitation to a wedding, you can go with him/her, even if you don’t receive an invitation yourself.尽管你没有自己收到一个婚礼的邀请函，但如果你的朋友拿到了，你可以跟着他/她一起去。
The times of the wedding ceremony and the reception are both on the invitation.However, you ought not to go to the ceremony because it is only for close family.典礼和招待会的时间都写在邀请函上。然而，你最好不要去参加典礼，因为那是面向亲戚朋友的。If you really want to see it, you ought to ask first.Everyone can attend the reception afterwards.如果你真的很想去看看，你应该先去问一问。而这之后的招待会是面向所有人的。
Nowadays, Indonesian women don’t have to cover their heads, but they unusually wear traditional clothes.今天，印度女性不再盖头纱，但她们通常会穿传统服装。
There is a box at the entrance to the reception and you ought to put money into it!But don’t worry, you don’t have to contribute a lot of money.在招待会的入口有一个盒子，而你应该往里面放钱。但不用担心，你不需要贡献太多的钱。
And remember-at most wedding receptions you can’t drink alcohol.切记，在大多的婚礼招待会上你都不能喝酒。
Greek Weddings希腊婚礼
On the day of a Greek wedding ceremony, the bridegroom has to ask the bride’s father for his daughter’s hand in marriage..在希腊婚礼举办典礼的那一天，新郎需要取得新娘的父亲的同意握住新娘的手。The bridegroom’s best man then goes with the couple to the church, to be married新郎的伴郎在之后一起和新人去教堂，准备结婚。
During the church ceremony, the best man should help put crowns made of flowers on the heads of the bride and bridegroom.在典礼期间，伴郎应帮忙弄新郎新娘的由花组成的头上的花冠。A long silk ribbon that links the crowns is a symbol of a long and happy life for the couple.连接着花冠的长长的丝绸缎带象征着夫妻间长久美满的生活。
After the ceremony, the guests can attend a wedding reception, which is usually a huge party and can last through the night.典礼之后，嘉宾可以参加婚礼招待会，它通常会是贯彻整晚的大型派对。There is a lot of eating, drinking and dancing, including the famous Greek circle dance, where everyone joins in.内容有许多食物、饮料和舞会，包括著名的希腊圆舞，每个人都会参与。During the reception, guests can throw dishes on the floor and put money on the bride’s wedding dress for good luck.招待会期间，嘉宾可以将食物洒在地上，或放钱在新娘的婚纱上，这象征这好运。
Celebration
Christmas
Memories of Christmas圣诞节对于圣诞的记忆
For me, Christmas always began in the middle of the cold, windy month of November.对于我，圣诞总是开始于是凉风中的十一月中期。My sister, Alison, and I sat down in front of the fire and wrote a letter to Father Christmas telling him about all the presents we wanted.我的妹妹Alison和我一起坐在炉火前，写下我们想要的礼物来告诉圣诞老人。We seriously wrote “Father Christmas, the North Pole” on the envelope, before giving them to our mother to post.我们很认真地写下“致北极的圣诞老人”，然后会给妈妈寄出去。
With December our excitement grew each day-as we opened the new year calendar, Christmas cards arrived in the post, Christmas lights appeared in the streets, and we attended the town carol service.随着十二月我们的兴奋感一天一天地增长——我们会开启新一年的日历，寄出圣诞卡，看着圣诞灯出现在街道上，参加城镇的圣歌服务。And of course, there was snow everywhere.Enough snow to make snowmen, and to have exciting snowball fights in the school playground.当然，到处的是雪的缘故，我们有足够的原料来做雪人，可以在学校运动场上打刺激的雪战。
On Christmas Eve, the whole family helped to decorate the house, put up the Christmas tree, the decorations and the balloons.在平安夜，全家人都一起帮忙装饰房子，准备圣诞树、装饰品和气球。Then, in the afternoon, when Auntie Kathleen and my two cousins arrived, everything was ready.到了下午Auntie Kathleen和我的两个堂兄弟来的时候一切就都准备好了。Before we went to bed, we left some wine and biscuits for Father Christmas and then put our stockings at the end of our beds.在睡觉之前，我们留了点酒和饼干给圣诞老人，接着将长袜挂在床尾。We tried to stay awake as long as possible to see Father Christmas but the next thing we knew it was morning.Christmas morning!我们尽可能地尝试在圣诞老人来之前保持清醒，但等我们再有意识时就已经是早上了。圣诞节的早上！
At the bottom of the bed was the stocking, now full of all kinds of small presents and sweets.现在在床尾挂着的是装满各种礼物和糖果的长袜。Christmas morning was bright and sunny and , after church, my cousin David and I went out into the garden to play with our new presents.圣诞的一早明媚而晴朗，到教堂以后我和堂兄David一起跑出花园玩新收到的礼物。
Lunch was always late, but what a lunch!A big turkey with all the vegetables followed by Christmas pudding.I like turkey breast the best.午饭总是晚到的，但这是多厉害的午饭啊！一个被填满蔬菜的大火鸡，之后还有圣诞布丁！我最喜欢火鸡胸肉了。I put so much food in my mouth sometimes that it was hard to swallow.We sang Christmas carols happily, laughed at jokes, put on silly paper hats and laughed again.有时我同时塞太多东西在嘴里而无法咽下。我们很高兴地唱着圣诞颂歌，戴着傻气的纸帽子欢声笑语。
授课时间:40分钟
教学内容:北师大版高中英语必修4 Unit 10 Lesson 3 When less is more
本课例获得山东省2016年高中英语德育优秀课例展评活动高二年级组一等奖第一名。
一、教学分析
(一) 教学内容分析
本课例的教学文本选自北师大版高中英语必修4 Unit 10 Lesson 3 When less is more, 本单元的主题为Money。语篇主要通过与学生探讨5元钱的作用, 以黄河水土流失严重这一事实为依托, 让学生意识到5元零花钱可以买一棵小树保护黄河水土, 发展当地经济, 改善人民生活。通过阅读语篇引领学生树立正确的消费观, 希望学生能够从身边的小事做起, 树立社会责任感。
话题的切入点是5元零钱的作用。第一段提出5元钱办不了多少事情, 只能买些零食, 然后提出“何不用5元钱买棵树呢?”以引起学生的兴趣。第二段描述黄河水土流失的原因以及给当地居民造成的影响。第三段提出保护黄河是每一个人应尽的义务和责任的观点。第四、五段解释5元钱是如何给黄河以及当地人民带来好处的。经过前几段内容的铺垫, 最后一段总结升华, 呼吁学生正确使用自己微不足道的零花钱, 如将其用在植树造林、建设绿色家园以及共创美好未来的伟大事业中。
文章结构清晰, 语言地道, 浅显易懂。从内容上看, 教师可以从语言技能、学习能力、文化品格、思维品质等英语核心素养方面着手设计教学目标, 培养学生的综合英语语言能力。文本所体现的英语课堂上的德育渗透功能十分明显, 且与学生实际生活密切相关。基于文本材料, 通过相关课堂活动设计, 可以在更高层次上升华对学生的德育渗透。
(二) 学情分析
授课对象是山东省青岛市第五十八中学高二学生。通过课前5分钟的交流, 笔者了解到学生整体语言素养比较高, 已具备一定的阅读能力和阅读技巧。笔者设计了一部分具有开放性和挑战性的教学活动, 在课堂上根据学生的具体反应灵活应对, 充分利用生成性资源。
(三) 教学目标
基于体现英语学科核心素养的要求制订本堂课的教学目标。课堂活动从语言技能、学习能力、文化品格、思维品质等方面整体设计, 综合叙写。
1. 语言能力
(1) 学生能够用英语表达对“Your Money—when less is more”的深层理解;
(2) 学生能够通过对文本的理解有效猜测生词;
(3) 学生能够对文章中相关的观点进行评价;
(4) 学生能够以小组合作的形式设计出自己的“less is more”项目, 升华文本主题。
2. 文化品格
(1) 学生能够意识到保护母亲河———黄河的重要意义;
(2) 学生能够树立较强的环保意识和社会责任感。
3. 思维品质
(1) 学生能够升华、拓展对文本主题“less is more”的深层理解;
(2) 学生能够形成正确的金钱观;
(3) 学生能够树立帮助他人的意识和保护环境的社会责任感。
4. 学习能力
(1) 学生能够运用skimming、scanning阅读技巧获得文章的大意和细节信息;
(2) 学生能够根据语境理解并猜测生词词义;
(3) 学生能够通过阅读理解文本背后的深层意义, 如正确的金钱观和社会责任感等。
二、教学设计思路
(一) 备课思维过程
本次活动是高中英语阅读教学德育渗透优秀课例展评, 强调教师在教授语言知识的同时, 还要实现立德树人的德育渗透目的。笔者在备课过程中根据文本的特点, 在设计英语语言学习活动的同时, 凸显出立德树人的教育目的, 把德育润物细无声地渗透在英语课堂中。如何将二者有机结合是笔者在备课过程中所主要考虑的。
(二) 课堂教学活动
本堂课主要设计了以下几个教学活动 (见图1) :
教学设计分为读前、读中和读后三个环节, 笔者在每个环节中都设计了相应的阅读任务。阅读任务的设计既基于文本特点, 又高于文本。活动设计既符合学生实际, 又具有开放性, 以便于在完成阅读任务的同时渗透德育。
三、教学过程
(一) Before reading
Step 1:Warming up
关于零花钱, 笔者组织学生进行ST free talk活动。提问:“How much pocket money do you usually get from parents?”“What do you usually do with it?”“If you have 5 yuan left, what will you do with it?How to make your less money into more?”
【设计意图】通过讨论与学生日常生活相关的“零花钱”问题, 激发学生的兴趣, 活跃课堂, 拉近了师生之间的距离。同时, 通过free talk让学生进行热身活动, 然后导入本课主题。
(二) While reading
Step 2:Skimming
The passage is mainly about changing 5 yuan into more by___________________. (Tip:When reading for main idea, topic sentence or key information should be focused.)
【设计意图】在一堂阅读课中, 读是进行信息输入的必要手段。阅读中既要有阅读的目的, 也就是任务, 又要注意阅读技巧的训练和体现。通过快读的形式让学生找到文章的main idea, 有助于学生对文章的主题和结构有一个整体的理解和把握。
Step 3:Scanning
Task 1:Get facts about the Yellow River (见图2)
【设计意图】文章的主题虽然是5元钱的作用, 但5元钱所带来的巨大好处是通过列举黄河水土流失的严重性反衬出来的。学生通过精读细节, 加深了对文章主题“Your money—when less is more”的理解。在讲解的过程中, 通过引导学生猜测生词erosion, approximately的意思, 训练学生的猜词技能。另外, 本活动在培养学生学习能力的同时, 提高了学生保护黄河的责任意识;在服务于主题理解的同时, 又培养了学生的文化品格和思维品质。
Task 2:Free talk
1. Who should play the most important role in stop-ping Yellow River erosion?
2. Do all the people believe that stopping Yellow River erosion should be done by us?
3. Which one do you support?Why (not) ?
【设计意图】该活动的主要目的是阅读文本, 让学生找出“谁应该承担保护黄河水土流失的责任”的不同观点, 并以此为切入点, 让学生发表自己的看法, 对文章中的不同观点进行评价。教师则根据学生的反馈信息和课堂情况, 帮助学生树立正确的价值观, 渗透德育。
Task 3:How can 5 yuan work?
With 5 yuan, we can buy a tree→make soil stay on the land→grow crops→make a living→earn money→buy goods and services→develop local economies
【设计意图】通过精读, 以关键词的形式让学生找出5元钱能够做哪些事情。其目的是让学生从整体上对5元钱的作用及起作用的方式有个清楚的感知, 并由此引出作者想通过文章对学生进行德育渗透:So when you have 5 yuan in your pocket next time, think twice about how to use the money.Remember you can use it to buy a tree and create a green future for our motherland, our people and yourself.通过齐读的方式, 让学生加深对文本的理解。
(三) After reading
Step 4:Deep thinking
Task:Enjoy a short video about“less is more”, and then have a deep understanding of the title.
【设计意图】通过欣赏联合国公益宣传视频“没用的5分钱”, 让学生体会小小的5分钱的作用———可以帮助贫困地区的孩子喝上两天干净的水;可以买一本书, 让孩子们重返校园等, 以加深学生对文本的理解, 同时拓展、提高学生的思维品质和学习能力。另外, 以头脑风暴的形式让学生说出“小钱”可以带来的好处, 深化主题理解, 强化德育渗透, 引导学生树立正确的人生观和价值观。
Step 5:Group work
Task:Design your own“less is more”project to call on people around you to join in your project, and offer their“less”, then change their“less”into“more”.
【设计意图】通过小组合作的形式让学生以“less is more”为主题, 设计类似于希望工程的宣传海报。在小组活动之前, 笔者给出提前设计好的海报, 要求学生按照模板, 设计出海报的主题、内容、方式和目的, 以及海报的LOGO。该活动的目的是升华文本的主题, 让学生通过学习和理解文本, 真正从小事做起, 肩负起社会责任, 不仅自己要去做, 还要呼吁身边的人积极参与。
Step 6:Summary
【设计意图】Moral lesson既是对整堂课的总结, 又是对文本主题的升华, 同时强化了德育渗透。以“爱的奉献”的音乐为背景, 总结升华文本主题———A drop of water can make a sea;a tree can de-velop into a forest.As long as everybody starts from less, the world will become better and better。最后, 全班学生大声喊出“Let’s start from less”, 结束整堂课。
Step 7:Assignment
【设计意图】作业分为两部分:一是让学生课下上网查询更多关于lessismore的信息, 这一部分是文本的延伸阅读, 进一步加深学生对文本主题的深层理解;二是让学生以写作的形式去发现自己日常生活中遇到的lessismore的事例, 并在下堂课以speech的形式与全班同学分享。这两部分作业内容既紧扣课堂教学目标, 又高于文本;既源于文本, 又升华了主题。
结束语
一、“错字”、“误音”
（1）《教科书》必修一91页《像山那样思考》有这样一句：“在一秒钟之内，我们就把枪弹上了膛，过度的兴奋竟使我们无法描准。当我们的来复枪膛空了时，那只狼已经倒了下来，一只小狼拖着一条腿，进入到那无动于衷的静静的岩石中去。”
句中的“描准”当为“瞄准”。“描”有二义：①照底样画（多指用薄纸蒙在底样上画），如“描图”；②在原来颜色淡或需要改正的地方重复地涂抹，如“描红”。“瞄”把视力集中在一点上或注意看。联系文段的意思，是集中注意力去看，对准，故当用“瞄准”。
（2）《教科书》必修二145页《林黛玉进贾府》有这样一句：“大紫檀雕螭案上，设着三尺来高青绿古铜鼎，悬着待漏随朝墨龙大画，一边是金蜼彝，一边是玻璃。”
句中的“蜼”字课下注音为“wèi”，查《现代汉语词典》当为“wěi”。
原人教版语文（必修四）45页，“蜼”的注音为“wěi”，是正确的。
（3）《教科书》必修一76页《江南的冬景》有这样一句：“门对长桥，窗临远阜，这中间又多是树枝槎桠的杂木树林。”对于句中的“槎桠”，课下注解⑥注曰：[桠杈（yāchà）]形容树枝歧出。
查《现代汉语词典》“桠杈”可写作“丫杈”。可见不能等同“槎桠”。再查“槎”，意为“木筏或同茬”。而“茬”有“茎或根”的意思。所以课文应注：⑥[槎桠（cháyā）]形容树枝歧出。
二、“错注”、“误译”
（1）《教科书》必修一77页《江南的冬景》有这样一句：“我们总该还记得唐朝那位诗人做的‘暮雨潇潇江上村的一首绝句吧？诗人到此，连对绿林豪客都客气起来了，这不是江南冬景的迷人又是什么？”
课下注解②注曰[“暮雨潇潇江上村”]语出五代诗人李涉《井栏砂宿遇夜客》诗。
编者将诗人李涉当成“五代”时诗人非常可笑，因为作者郁达夫在文中已指出是“唐朝那位诗人做的‘暮雨潇潇江上村”。难道是郁达夫记错了？随便查查《全唐书》、《新唐书》就有确论：李涉是“唐朝诗人”，非“五代诗人”。
（2）《教科书》必修四64页《锦瑟》课下注解13注曰：[五十弦]传说上古时代的瑟有五十根弦。《史记·封禅书》中记载天帝让素女弹奏五十弦瑟，其音悲不可禁，于是分其瑟为二十五弦。
“锦瑟”语出《汉书·郊祀志》：“泰帝使素女鼓五十弦瑟，悲，帝禁不止，故破其瑟为二十五弦。於是塞南越，祷祠泰一、后土，始用乐舞。”查《辞源》（缩印，944页）：“泰帝，指传说中的古帝名，即太昊伏羲氏，有的书上作‘大帝。”故课本注解的“天帝”应当作“泰帝”或“大帝”。
（3）《教参》必修二109页《阿房宫赋》，译文中有“蜀山秃顶，阿房矗起”和“妃嫔媵嫱，公主帝女，出了六国的宫殿，拉上辇车，来到了秦国”两句。
前一句中“秃顶”一词不雅；后一句中“帝女”不准确，战国时诸侯国还不能称为“帝”。“拉上辇车”，误译成这些六国王侯的女儿、孙女去拉辇车，应译为“乘辇车”。这两句可分别译作：
“蜀地的山光秃了，阿房宫出现了”和“六国王侯的宫妃，辞别六国的楼阁宫殿，乘辇车来到秦国”。
（4）《教参》必修三62页《指南录后序》，译文中有这样一段：“离开京口，带着匕首以防意外，几次想要自杀；经过元军兵舰停泊的地方十多里，被巡逻船只搜寻，几乎投江喂鱼而死；真州守将把我逐出城门外，彷徨无路，几乎死掉……靠了一条小船渡过惊涛骇浪，实在是没有办法，对于死本已置之度外了！”
“几自刭死”为什么翻作“几次想要自杀”？其实这个“几”与后面的“几从鱼腹死”、“几彷徨死”、“几落贼手死”、“几为巡徼所陵泊死”、“几陷死”等的“几”都是“几乎”的意思。
三、断错“句”、分错“行”
（1）《教科书》必修三106页《鸿门宴》中有这样一句：“如今人为刀俎，我为鱼肉，何辞为。”
这一句中“何辞为”后面的句号应为问号，表反诘语气，应当更正过来。查《史记》1959年标点本、1963年标点本、1982年标点本皆为“何辞为？”
（2）《教参》必修三62页《指南录后序》，有这样一段译文：“我要向国君请罪，国君不答应；我要向母亲请罪，母亲不答应；我只能向祖先的坟墓请罪了。人活着不能拯救国难，死后仍要做个凶恶鬼去杀贼，这才是合乎义理的行为；依靠上天的神灵、祖宗的福泽，修整武备……这也是合乎义理的行为。”
译文中“母亲不答应”后面的分号应为句号。另外，“我只能向祖先的坟墓请罪了”后面的句号应为逗号，这样才能理清本段的层次关系。因此此段译文应标点为：“我要向国君请罪，国君不答应；我要向母亲请罪，母亲不答应。我只能向祖先的坟墓请罪了，人活着不能拯救国难，死后仍要做个凶恶鬼去杀贼，这才是合乎义理的行为；依靠上天的神灵、祖宗的福泽，修整武备……这也是合乎义理的行为。”
（3）《教参》必修三《指南录后序》有以下几处分错行：
①37-38页，专题内容解析：“全文共8段，可分为两部分。第一部分（第1-4段），叙述出使元营的经过及逃亡路上的种种磨难，抒发九死一生的感慨。……第二部分（第6-8段），说明写作情况和结集目的，并从当时社会的君臣父子伦理来阐述自己报国的心志。”
“第一部分（第1-4段）”应当改为“第一部分（第1-5段）”，其中第5段，痛定思痛，借回顾九死一生的经历，抒发精忠报国的激情。
②54页，参考答案：“第4段痛定思痛，扣住一个‘死字概括九死一生的经历，表现出生之不易”和“第6段‘予之生也幸，而幸生也何为，从当时社会的君臣父子伦理角度阐述报国之志，论述为臣者为子者的人生选择”。
上述“第4段”对应的课本是“第5段”；“第6段”对应的课本是“第7段”，应当依照课本更改。
③62页，《指南录后序》有这样的译文：“不久，贾余庆等以祈请使的身份到元京大都去……正如古人所说：‘将有所作为啊！到了京口，得到机会逃奔到真州……最后到达永嘉。”
“译文”将第3段和第4段合在一起。“到了京口”这一段，应另起一段，才能对应课本的第4段。
四、原作“病句”，当校改
《教参》必修三57页《指南录后序》的相关资料及简介，选取了严迪昌《文天祥〈指南录〉》（南通《教学与研究》1979年第2期）的文章。其中“《指南录》有十一首《纪事》七绝，惊顽立懦地表现了‘英雄未肯死前休，风起云涌不自由。杀我混同江外去，岂无曹翰守幽州的视死如归和坚信抗敌事业后来有人的气概”这句是一病句，因为“惊顽立懦”不能修饰动词。
查考“惊顽立懦”的意思。《孟子·万章下》：“故闻伯夷之风者，顽夫廉，懦夫有立志。”这里的“顽”当指顽夫，即贪婪的人；“懦”当指懦夫，即贪生怕死的人。另外“惊”和“立”有使动用法。故“惊顽立懦”意思是“使贪婪的人惊醒，使贪生怕死的人立定志向”，不能作状语来修饰谓语。可修改为：“《指南录》有十一首《纪事》七绝，惊顽立懦。这些诗表现了‘英雄未肯死前休，风起云涌不自由。杀我混同江外去，岂无曹翰守幽州的视死如归和坚信抗敌事业后来有人的气概。”
【预习达标】
在ΔABC中，角A、B、C的对边为a、b、c，a=。sinA
a2.在锐角ΔABC中，过C做CD⊥AB于D，则|CD|==，即，同sinA1.在RtΔABC中，∠C=90, csinA=,csinB=，即0理得，故有a。sinA
3.在钝角ΔABC中，∠B为钝角，过C做CD⊥AB交AB的延长线D，则|CD|==，即aa，故有 sinAsinA
【典例解析】
例1 已知ΔABC，根据下列条件，求相应的三角形中其他边和角的大小：
00000（1）A=60，B=45，a=10；（2）a=3,b=4,A=30；（3）a=5,b=2,B=120；（4）
b=.例2 如图，在ΔABC中，∠A的平分线AD与边BC相交于点D，求证：
B D C BDABDCAC
【达标练习】
1.已知ΔABC，根据下列条件，解三角形:
(1)A=60，B=30，a=3；（2）A=45，B=75，b=8；（3）a=3，A=60； 00000
用心爱心专心
2.求证：在ΔABC中，sinAsinBab sinCc
3.应用正弦定理证明：在ΔABC中,大角对大边，大边对大角.4．在ΔABC中，sinA+sinB=sinC,求证：ΔABC是直角三角形。
222
参考答案
【预习达标】
bcbcbca1．a,b,.2.bsinAasinB ， ,=.sinBsinCsinBsinAsinCsinBsinC
bbc3..bsinAasinB ， =.sinBsinBsinC
【典例解析】
例1(1)C=750，000(2)B≈41.80,C≈108.8,c≈5.7或B≈138.2，C
00≈11.8，c≈1.2(3)无解（4）C=45，A=15，a≈2.2
例2证明：如图在ΔABD和ΔCAD中，由正弦定理，得BDABDCACAC，sinsinsinsin(1800)sinβB 0 D BDAB两式相除得 DCAC【双基达标】
1．（1）C=90，,c=00
(3)B=60,C=902．证明：设00
abck，则aksinA,bksinB,cksinC sinAsinBsinC
abksinAksinBsinAsinB cksinCsinC
00
00003．(1)设A>B，若A≤90,由正弦函数的单调性得sinA≥sinB,又由正弦定理得a≥b；若A>90，有A+B<180,即90>180-A>B, 由正弦函数的单调性得sin(180-A)>sinB,即sinA>sinB, 又
由正弦定理得a>b.(2)设a>b, 由正弦定理得sinA>sinB,若B≥90,则在ΔABC中A<90, 有sinA>sin（180-B）由正弦函数的单调性得A>180-B,即A+B>180,与三角形的内角和为180相矛盾；若A≥90,则A>B；若A<90,B<90, 由正弦函数的单调性得A>B.综上得，在ΔABC中,大角对大边，大边对大角.4．略
Unit 1
Lesson 1
A Perfect Day?
A Couch Potato
When I Wake up I don’t get up immediately I turn on the television and watch the children’s programmes and old movies until about half-past ten.Then I get up, go downstairs and switch on the TV in the living room.For lunch, I have biscuit and a glass of milk, and I watch the news.In the afternoon, I often watch another old film-they’re showing some good ones at the moment.In the evenings, I often watch TV series or sport and the news again.I like the main news at six o’clock.At nine thirty, if there is a good ploy on BBC2, I switch over and watch it.Then at night, I watch more films and I Usually switch off the TV at about two o’clock.I never watch TV all night.I watch TV for sixteen or seventeen hours a day.I also do some exercise every day.I take Tina, the dog, for a walk to the every afternoon.I don’t go far, of course, I walk to the wall outside my house.I always take my portable TV and I sit on the stone wall while the dog walks round in a circle.Of course, I couldn’t live this lifestyle without a good wife.She’s not here now because she’s working, but she always makes my meals.We haven’t got much money, you know, but we’re happy.Sit down and watch TV.Here’s the remote control.You’ve got the world at your feet.And in your hand.Great!沙发土豆
当我醒来，我不马上起床，我打开电视，看儿童节目和老电影，直到过去十年半。然后我起床，下楼，打开起居室的电视。吃午饭，我吃了饼干和一杯牛奶，我看新闻。在下午，我经常看他们展示了一些不错的电影另一个老电影。在晚上，我经常看电视剧或体育新闻了。我喜欢在六点的重要新闻。九三零，如果有一个好的策略在BBC2，我切换和看它。然后在晚上，我看电影，我通常在二点左右，关掉电视。我从不通宵看电视。我看电视，十六或十七小时。我每天也做些运动。我把蒂娜，狗，每天下午散步的。我不要走远，当然，我走到房子外面的墙。我总是把我的手提电视，坐在石头墙而狗走在一个圆圈。
当然，没有一个好妻子，我不能这样生活。她现在不在这里是因为她工作，但她总是给我做饭。我们没有多少钱，你知道，但我们很高兴。坐下来看电视。这里的远程控制。就在你脚下的世界。和在你的手。太好了。
A workaholic
I normally wake up about five minutes before my alarm clock goes off.As soon as I hear my alarm clock, I jump out of my bed.It takes me less than fifteen minutes to wash, get changed, have breakfast, leave home and get on a bus.I am always the first person to the office.The mornings are even busier!Meetings and phone call take up a large part of the day.Every minute of the day is filled with urgent matters.By around eight o‟clock, I usually find some time to do my own paperwork and answer some personal e-mail.When I get home at about ten, I look at some documents that I bring back from the office so that I can be ready for the next day‟s work.I get to bed around midnight when my wife and children are already asleep.I seldom have time for fun and other activities with my family.My family complains about it.But I try to work hard so that I can make more money for them.Besides, I get bored if there’s nothing to do.I like being busy.工作狂
我通常醒大约在闹钟响前五分钟。当我听到我的闹钟，我从床上跳起来。洗，换衣服，吃早餐，我花了不到十五分钟，离开家上车。
我总是到办公室的第一人。早晨更忙！会议和电话花了一天中大部分的时间。每一天的每一分钟都充满了紧迫的问题。大约八点，我通常会找时间做我自己的文书工作和回答一些个人电子邮件。
当我回家时在十左右，我看了一些文件，我从办公室带回来，我可以准备一天的工作。我半夜才上床睡觉，当我的妻子和孩子们都已经睡着了。
我很少有时间和家人一起娱乐活动和其他活动。我的家人总是抱怨。但我努力工作，以便能为他们赚更多的钱。另外，我感到厌倦，如果没有做。我喜欢忙碌。
Lesson 4
City And Country
Debbie is an accountant in a large company in the centre of London.I need to be in my office by nine o‟clock.I travel to work on “the tube”.That‟s what people call the underground in London.It takes about fifty minutes.Usually, it‟s so crowded that I can‟t find anywhere to sit.I just stand.I‟m always tired before I arrive at work.I don‟t like the underground!
I speed all morning checking numbers.Lunch is always simple.I often get a sandwich in a nearby sandwich shop or I just have some biscuits and a cup of coffee.Then in the afternoon, I return to the paperwork in the office.On Monday nights, I have dance classes, and on Wednesday nights, I go to the gym.I need to do that because I don‟t get enough exercise otherwise.On Tuesdays and Thursday nights, I have French classes.I work for a French company so I think studying French will help me in my job.I go the cinema almost every weekend, Sometimes, if the weather forecast is good, my friends and I drive to the countryside for a weekend break.We like to visit nice, quiet places far away from the city and go walking where there are no shops, crowds or the tube.That fresh air is so good for my lings, I love it.Paul lives in a small village in the north of England.I usually get up at four o‟clock every morning when it‟s still dark.I live and work on the farm so I don‟t need to travel.After a big breakfast in my house, I work out of the front door and I‟m already at work.There are many things to do on the farm all day.We don‟t have the same work hours that office workers In the city have.We do jobs when they need to be done and that could be early in the morning or late at night.I have cows, sheep, pigs and chickens on my farm.I have to make sure they are free of sickness.I also grow wheat and vegetables so there are many things to look after.In the evening, I like to play with my children.I have two children, a boy and a girl.They are six and eight years old.I also like to study.Right now I am studying Chinese by distance learning.I am very interested in China and it‟s my dream to see the Great Wall one day.I love movies.My wife calls me a “movie fan”.But there isn‟t cinema in my village so I don‟t get the chance to go very often.I go about twice a year, usually when I go to London with my family.We take a weekend break there when I am not too busy on the farm.My wife loves looking in the clothes shops and I like all the crowds and the noise.I also like to buy a few cigars.Unfortunately, my wife isn‟t as fond of them as I am.My son and daughter love to ride on London‟s red buses and they especially love to go on the tube!④城市和国家
戴比是在伦敦市中心一家大型公司会计。
我必须九点在我办公室。我到工作在“管”。这就是人们所说的伦敦地铁。它需要大约五十分钟。通常，它是如此拥挤，我找不到任何地方坐。我只是站在。我一直都很累我上班之前。我不喜欢地下！
我整个上午检查数的速度。午餐总是很简单。我经常在附近的三明治店里买个三明治或我只是有一些饼干和一杯咖啡。然后在下午，我回到办公室的文书工作。在星期一的晚上，我有舞蹈课，在星期三的晚上，我去健身房。我需要做的，因为我没有得到足够的锻炼，否则。在星期二和星期四晚上我去上法语课。我为一家法国公司工作，所以我想学习法语，会帮助我在我的工作。
我去看电影，几乎每个周末，有时，如果天气好，我和我的朋友开车去乡下度周末。我们想去好，安静，远离城市，走在没有商店的地方，人们或管。这新鲜的空气是我的小狗很好，我喜欢它。在英格兰北部的一个小村庄，保罗的生活。
我通常会在每天早上四点的时候它还是黑的。我住在农场上工作，所以我不需要旅行。在我的房子里吃过丰盛的早餐后，我解决的大门前，我已经在工作。有许多事情要做，整天在农场。我们没有相同的工作时间在办公室工作的人们。我们做的工作时，他们需要做的工作，可以在清晨或深夜。我有牛，羊，猪和鸡在我的农场。我要确保他们都是免费的疾病。我也种植小麦和蔬菜，所以有很多事情照顾。
在晚上，我和我的孩子们喜欢玩。我有两个孩子，一个男孩和一个女孩。他们是六岁和八岁。我还喜欢研究。我现在正通过远程教育学习汉语。我对中国很感兴趣，我的梦想是有一天看到长城。
我喜欢电影。我的妻子叫我“影迷”。但没有在我村的电影院，所以我没有机会经常。我每年两次，通常当我去伦敦，我的家人。我们用一个周末休息时我不太忙农场。我的妻子喜欢逛服装店，我喜欢所有的人群和噪音。我也喜欢买几支雪茄。不幸的是，我的妻子不象我一样喜欢他们。我的儿子和女儿的爱骑在伦敦的红色双层巴士，他们特别喜欢去管！Culture corner
English Tea And Coffee Culture
One thing British and Chinese cultures share is a love for fine tea.Today, when we think of the English and beautiful china tea cups.Afternoon Tea
People believe that an English duchess, Anna, the 7th Duchess of Bedford(1788-1861)first introduced the idea of afternoon tea.In the 18th and 19th centuries, the English ate only two main meals each day – breakfast and a heavy supper that would last for several hours in the evening.As a result, people often got these two meals.To solve this problem, the Duchess came up with the clever idea of inviting some friends to join her fir an afternoon meal between four and five o‟clock.This meal included cakes and sandwiches, and tea was served to wash down the food.In order to make this afternoon meal important, fine china cups and plates, and silver teapots, knives, forks and spoons were used.Soon, afternoon tea parties became popular social occasions.Today, afternoon tea parties continue to play an important part in the social life of wealthy people in modern Britain.Will you come for coffee? Coffee also has an important role in British culture.People often use the words “will you come for coffee?” to mean “Would you like to come to my home for a chat?” Normally, several different drink like orange juice will be served as well as coffee, and you will be asked what you would like.However, you will not normally be offered wine at a “coffee” party.Coffeehouses and the London Stock Exchange
In the 17th century London, coffeehouses were busy, noisy places.Merchants and bankers went to coffeehouses to do their business, as well as to drink coffee.In fact, the London Stock Exchange is believed to have started from these coffeehouses.文化角
英国茶和咖啡文化
一个英国和中国文化共享是一个爱的好茶。今天，当我们认为英语和美丽的中国茶。
下午茶
人们认为，英国公爵夫人，安娜，第七贝德福德公爵夫人（1788-1861）首先介绍了下午茶的想法。在第十八和第十九世纪，英国只吃两个主餐每一天–早餐和丰盛的晚餐会持续几个小时在晚上。因此，人们经常把这些两餐。为了解决这个问题，公爵夫人想出邀请一些朋友到她的杉木四和五点之间一个下午餐的聪明的主意。这顿饭有蛋糕和三明治，茶是用来冲洗食物。为了使下午茶的重要，好的瓷器杯子和盘子，银质的茶壶，刀子，叉子和勺子被使用。很快，下午茶变成了流行的社交场合。今天，下午茶聚会中继续发挥富人在现代英国社会生活的一个重要组成部分。
你要来杯咖啡吗？
咖啡在英国文化中占有重要的作用。人们常说“你要来杯咖啡吗？“的意思是“你愿意来我家聊天？“通常情况下，几种不同的喜欢喝橙汁将服务以及咖啡，你会问你喜欢什么。然而，你将不在“咖啡”一方提供酒。
咖啡馆和伦敦证券交易所 在第十七世纪的伦敦，咖啡馆都忙，嘈杂的地方。商人和银行家去咖啡馆去做他们的生意，以及喝咖啡。事实上，伦敦证券交易所已开始从这些咖啡馆。
本单元单词
问卷，调查表questionnaire 要紧，有重大关系matter 搭档，合作者partner 生活方式lifestyle 牧羊人shepherd平静的，和平的peaceful 放松的，轻松的relaxing 充满压力的，紧张的stressful 认为，猜想suppose 系列series 电视连续剧TV series 卡通片，动画片cartoon 谈话节目，现场访谈talk show 抱怨，投诉complain 长沙发，睡椅couch 终日懒散在家的人couch potato 转换，转变switch 把开关打开，接通switch on 转换频道switch over 把……关掉，关上switch off 英国广播公司BBC=British Broadcasting Corporation 轻便的，手提（式）的portable 遥远的remote 遥控remote control 工作狂workaholic 日常文书工作 paperwork 警报，警告器alarm 闹钟alarm clock(铃，爆竹等)响go off 占据take up 充满着be failed with 急迫的，紧急的urgent 公文，文件document 午夜，半夜midnight 厌烦的，不感兴趣的bored 压力stress 演播室，工作室studio 专家 expert 遭受（痛苦）遭受疼痛suffer 忍受，遭受suffer from 压力pressure 社交的，社会的social 减少，降低reduce 组织 organise 饮食，节食diet 更喜欢，宁愿prefer 忍耐，忍受stand 志愿者volunteer 毕业graduate 零下，负minus 脸盆basin 挑战challenge 支持，支撑support 拨（电话号码）dial 设计design 广告advertisement 表演，展示presentation解决，解答solve 会计，会计师accountant（英）地铁tube 拥挤的crowded 附近的，在附近nearby否则，另外otherwise 预报，预测forecast 预报，预测forecast 人群，一伙人 crowd 肺lung 疾病sickness 距离distance 远程学习distance learning 雪茄烟cigar 此刻，目前at the moment数年间over the years 调查survey 古典的classical 迷你裙mini-skirt正式的，合礼仪的formal 骑自行车cycle（中国）功夫 Kang fu 风格，样式style
Unit 2 Lesson 1
Modern Heroes Nations Hero
China‟s first manned spaceship lifted off at 9 a.m.on Wednesday, October 15th , 2003 in Jiuquan, Gansu Province.The spaceship, called Shenzhou V, was carrying China‟s first astronaut, Yang LiWei.Yang, who was a pilot in the army, was chosen from 1,500 other army pilots and stared training for his space flight in 1998.The launch was very successful.“When the spaceship was lifting off.I could really feel the high gravity”, said Yang LiWei.When the spaceship separated from the rocket, I suddenly got a feeling of soaring into the sky because of the zero gravity”.During the 21 – hour space flight, the Shenzhou V circled the earth 14 times.While the spaceship was circling the earth for the sixth time, Yang LiWei spoke with ground control in Gansu.He was also able to speak with his wife and 8-year-old son.Yang LiWei had several tasks to complete during the flight and only slept in the spaceship for about 3 hours.While he was sleeping, the spaceship circled the earth twice.When the spaceship was doing its seventh circle, Yang LiWei showed the flags of China and the United Nations, expressing the wishes of the Chinese people to explore and use space peacefully.At 6:23 a.m.on October 16th, Yang LiWei landed in Inner Mongolia safely.He told reporters later.“The surface of the spaceship was glowing red when it came back into the earth‟s atmosphere.When Shenzhou V let out its parachute, I felt the ship was shaking,” As Yang LiWei returned into the earth‟s atmosphere, helicopters were flying to where he would land, ready to collect him.Millions of people all over China were watching TV when the spaceship landed safely.When Yang LiWei climbed out of the spaceship, he smiled and waved to the crowds waiting for him.Yang LiWei was happy to be home but he said, “I though 21 hours was too short to stay in space.”
国家英雄
中国第一艘载人飞船升空，在星期三上午9点，2003年10月15日在酒泉，甘肃省。宇宙飞船，“神舟五号，载着中国第一位宇航员，杨利伟。杨，谁在军队飞行员，是从1500名军事选择盯着他的太空飞行训练1998。发射非常成功。“太空船起飞时。我真的觉得高重力”，杨利伟说。当飞船与火箭分离，我突然有一种感觉，升入天空因为零重力”。
在21–小时的太空飞行，神舟五号绕地球转14圈。当飞船环绕地球第六次，杨利伟跟甘肃地面控制。他同时也能与他的妻子和8岁的儿子说。杨利伟有几个任务飞行期间完成，只能睡在船上约3小时。他睡觉时，飞船绕地球两圈。当飞船飞到第七圈时，杨利伟展示了中国国旗和联合国国旗，表达了中国人民和平开发、利用太空。
在十月十六日早上6:23，杨利伟在内蒙古安全着陆。他后来告诉记者。“宇宙飞船的表面发光的红色回到地球的大气层。神州5号释放降落伞时，我感到船摇晃，”杨利伟返回大气层时，直升机飞往他将着陆的地方，准备好接他。成千上万的中国人正在看电视时，飞船安全着陆。杨利伟走出飞船，他微笑着，等候他的人群挥手。杨利伟很高兴能回到家，他说，“我虽然很短，在太空停留21小时。”
Lesson 3
Sports Stars
VENUS AND SERENA WILLIAMS are sisters.They are also both tennis champions who often have to play each other!Venus is now eleventh in the world, and her younger sister Serena has moved up to third.The two sister were born in a poor and dangerous area of California.It was full of drugs and violence.In a recent interview, Venus spoke about the time when she and Serena were practising tennis and they had to run and hide as bullets started flying through the air.Finally, in 1991, the sister then they have never looked back.The sisters‟ father, Richard, started to train Venus and Serena when they were young children.He has always been very strict with his daughters, training them hard to compete against each they completed their high school while developing their tennis careers.Today, both sisters are studying design at college.They have already expressed a keen interest in working in design after their tennis careers come to an end.The sisters‟ road to success has been amazing.The first time Venus played in a big event was in 1996.Since then, she has won Wimbledon and the US open make fantastic progress.In 1999 and 2002 and 2003, she was the woman‟s singles champion at Wimbledon.Has tennis ever caused problems between the sisters? Fortunately, no.“We‟ve played each other before and it hadn‟t worried us yet!” says Venus.“If she wins,” Serena jokes, “Mama says she has to do the dishes!”
③体育明星
金星和小威廉姆斯是姐妹。他们也是网球冠军经常要打对方！金星现在在全世界的第十一，和她的妹妹塞雷娜已经上升到第三。
两个姐姐都出世在一个贫穷的、危险的地区加利福尼亚。这是充满毒品和暴力。在最近的一次采访中，维纳斯说，那时她和塞雷娜都练习打网球，他们不得不跑和子弹在空中穿梭隐藏。最后，在1991的妹妹，然后头也不回地。
这对姐妹的父亲，李察，开始训练金星和塞雷娜在他们年幼的孩子。他一直与他的女儿非常严格，训练他们很难对他们完成高中在发展他们的职业网球比赛。今天，姐妹俩都在大学学习设计。他们已经表示在网球生涯结束在设计工作的兴趣。这对姐妹的成功之路是惊人的。金星在一个大事件，第一次是在1996。自那时以来，她已经赢得温网和美网取得了惊人的进步。1999、2002和2003，她是女子单打冠军在温布尔登。曾引起姐妹之间的问题打网球吗？幸运的是，第“我们已经打了对方之前，它没有担心我们呢！“说金星。“如果她赢了，”塞雷娜说，“妈妈说她做的菜！“
Lesson 4
Superhero
Christopher Reeve was born in September, 1952.He was in his first school play when he was eight and he stared to act in TV shows and films while he was still in college.He made many successful films and TV shows but he is most famous for his Superman films.Unfortunately, disaster came in 1995 when he fell from his horse and broke him to live.However, he made amazing progress.At first, he couldn‟t breathe without a machine, but he learnt to breathe on his own.He would never walk again but he stared a new life with great courage.The second year after hid accident, Christopher returned to film making.He also raised a lot of money to promote medical research into back injuries.He made speeches all over the USA about his experiences.This not only draw public attention to research into back injuries but also encouraged a lot of people living with all kinds of problems.From their home, Christopher and his wife Dana spoke about their life after the accident.Have you though of giving up after the accident?
“No.Four days after the injury, I came to understand my situation.My wife Dana and I were in the hospital.The doctor said I was not going to pull through, Dana said: „But you‟re still you, and I love you.‟ And that saved my life.Since that moment I have never thought of giving up.Of course, I‟ve had moments of felling sorry for committing suicide.”
Did you think that your marriage was so strong?
“Yes, because Dana‟s so wonderful.We have always got on really well.Our relationship has always been fantastic.”
How did your parents react to the accident?
“They divorced when I was four.They‟ve got closer since the accident.”
How did you get involved with charity work? “I know a lot of disabled people need my help.This is how I got involved with my charity work to improve the quality of life for all disabled people.”
“With the progress of new medical research, I‟m confident that people like me would be able to walk again one day.So you can see.I‟m far too busy with living to think of giving up!”
Christopher Reeve died on October 10, 2004.But people all over the world will always remember him as a superhero.④超级英雄
克里斯托弗里夫是天生的九月，1952。他在他的第一所学校打在他八岁的时候，他开始在电视节目中表演和电影时，他还在上大学。他做了许多成功的电影和电视节目，但他最著名的是他的超人电影。
不幸的是，灾难降临在1995时，他从马上摔下来，摔他活着。然而，他取得了惊人的进步。起初，他离不开呼吸机，但他了解到自己呼吸。他再也不能走路，他盯着新生活的勇气。
第二年后隐藏的事故，克里斯托弗回到了电影制作。他还提出了很多钱来促进背部受伤的医学研究。他各地讲述自己的亲身经历的美国。这不仅吸引公众的注意力研究背伤也鼓励了大量的各种问题的人生活。
从他们的家里，克里斯托弗和他的妻子Dana讲述了事故发生后他们的生活。你虽然放弃了事故发生后？
“受伤四天后，我才明白我的情况。我的妻子达娜和我在医院里。医生说我不会拉，Dana说：“但你还是你，我爱你，救了我的命。”。从那一刻起，我从未想过放弃。当然，我已经感觉对不起自杀的时刻。” 你认为你的婚姻是如此强烈？
“是的，达娜真棒。我们一直相处得很好。我们的关系一直都很好。” 你的父母是如何对事故的反应？
“我四岁的时候就离婚了。他们走近时由于事故。” 你是如何参与慈善工作吗？
“我知道很多残疾人需要我的帮助。这是我如何参加了慈善事业，提高残疾人的生活质量。”
“随着新的医学研究的进步，我相信像我这样的人可以走一整天了。所以你可以看到。我想放弃的生活太忙碌！“
克里斯托弗里夫于2004年10月10日去世。但是全世界的人民将永远记住他是一个超级英雄。
Culture Corner
Space Heros In the course of space exploration, 434 astronauts have made the journey into space.Men and women from nations all over the world have studied, trained and worked hard in order to go into space.Yet, it is not a job without risk and 20 of those people have died while in space or in space programme training.Yuri Gagarin
On April 12, 1961, Russian astronaut Yuri Gagarin became the first person in space.He died only seven years later on March 27, 1968 in an air crash during a training session in the East of Moscow.Gregory Jarvis, Ronald McNair, Francis Scobee, Michael Smith, Judith Resnik Ellison Onizuka, Sharon MacAuliffe
On January 28, 1986, these seven American astronauts(five men and two women)died when the space shuttle Challenger exploded soon after launching.Among them was Sharon MacAuliffe, a high school teacher, who was to be the first teacher in space.Millions of people around the world and many students in primary and secondary schools saw the tragedy on TV.Chawla kalpana(USA), Rick Husband(USA), William McCool(USA), Michael Anderson(USA), Laurel Clark(USA), Ilan Ramon(Israel)
On February 1, 2003, 16 minutes before landing, the space shuttle Columbia exploded.The five men and two women crew, which included the first Indian born woman in space as well as Israel‟s first astronaut, all died.Here is part if US President Ronald Reagan‟s speech after the 1986 Challenger disaster:
“For the families of the seven, we cannot bear, as you do, the full impact of this tragedy.But we feel the loss, and we‟re thinking about you so very much.Your loved ones were daring and brave, and they had that special grace, that special spirit that says,‟ Give me a challenge and I‟ll meet it with joy.‟ They had a hunger to explore the universe and discover its truths.They wished to serve, and they did.They served all of us.”
文化角 航天英雄
在空间探索的过程中，434名宇航员进行太空之旅。来自世界各地的研究国家的男人和女人，训练和努力工作是为了进入太空。然而，这是不工作，没有人的风险和死亡20人而在空间或空间计划的培训。尤里加加林
1961年4月12日，俄罗斯太空宇航员尤里加加林成为第一个。他去世七年后对空难1968年3月27日在训练在莫斯科以东。
格雷戈瑞贾维斯，罗纳德•迪克斯科比，弗兰西斯，迈克尔史密斯，朱迪思尼克埃利森鬼冢，沙龙麦考利夫
1986年1月28日，这七名美国宇航员（五男两女）去世时，挑战者号航天飞机爆炸后不久，发射。其中沙龙麦考利夫，一个高中老师，谁是第一个进入太空的教师。世界各地的小学和中学的许多学生数百万人在电视上看到的悲剧。Chawla Kalpana（美国），瑞克丈夫（美国），威廉麦库尔（美国），迈克尔安德森（美国），桂克拉克（美国），宜兰拉蒙（以色列）
2003年2月1日，着陆前16分钟，哥伦比亚号航天飞机爆炸了。五男两女船员，包括印度第一个天生的女人在空间以及以色列的第一位宇航员，都死了。这里是如果美国总统罗纳德里根的演讲1986挑战者号灾难后：
“对于七的家庭，我们不能承受，因为你做了，这个悲剧的全部影响。但是我们感受到了损失，我们非常想念你们。你们的亲人勇敢无畏，他们的特殊的恩典，特别的精神，说，“给我一个挑战，我都会欣然接受。”他们渴望探索宇宙和发现真理。他们希望服务，和他们做的。他们为我们所有的人。”
Bulletin Board
A TV programme, Hero Show, is inviting student‟s opinions on what qualities heroes and heroines should have.Read the notice and the two responses.Then add your ideas on the board.Heroes and Heroines
What qualities should a hero or heroine have? Good looks, a kind heart, a special talent? Send your views to the Hero Show.Here you can share your ideas with other students and exchange photos about your heroes and heroines.Yao Ming is my hero.I think he‟s a fantastic basketball player … He not only plays basketball well, but he is also nice and friendly to his fans.He is the most successful Chinese basketball player who has joined NBA and is admired by Americans.I think he has won honour for our country.My grandma is my heroine.She‟s lived a hard life but still manages to be cheerful and kind to others.She also has a good memory and tells me what life was like when she was young.I‟ve learned a lot from listening to my grandma and want to thank her fir everything she‟s taught me.公告板
一个电视节目，是英雄，邀请学生的意见有什么品质的英雄应该。看，这两种反应。然后添加你的想法在板上。英雄
一个英雄应该具备什么素质？看起来很好，善良的心，一个特殊的人才？把你的意见向英雄展。在这里，你可以与其他学生和交流的照片，你的英雄分享你的想法。
姚明是我的英雄。我认为他是一个很棒的篮球运动员„„他不仅打篮球打得很好，但他对他的球迷也很友好。他是中国最成功的篮球球员加入NBA和敬佩的是美国人。我认为他已经为我们国家赢得了荣誉。
我的祖母是我的英雄。她过着艰苦的生活，但仍要开朗善良的人。她也有很好的记忆力，告诉我是什么样的生活时，她很年轻。我已经学到了很多从听我奶奶要感谢她的FIR一切她教我的。
本单元单词
镇静的，沉着的calm 慷慨的，大方的generous 暴力的violent 人物，性格character 太空船spaceship载人宇宙飞船manned spaceship 省province 宇航员astronauts 飞行，航班flight 发射launch 地心引力gravity升空，升腾soar 联合国the United Nations 探测，勘探explore 和平地，平静地peacefully 记者，通讯员report 发光glow 大气，气氛atmosphere降落伞parachute 直升机helicopter 百万million 数百万millions of 挥手示意wave 革命revolution建立，创立found共和国republic 电灯泡light bulb 意见，看法，主张opinion在我看来in my opinion就自己而言personally 种族主义racism平等的equal 斗争，拼搏struggle 抗议protest 游行示威；行军march 卓越的brilliant灵巧的，熟练的skilful（口）糟糕的，极度的awful 差劲的，无用的useless不平常的unusual 冠军chemical 暴力，暴行violence 子弹bullet 比赛，竞争compete 强烈的，渴望的keen 职业，一生的事业career 令人惊异的amazing竞赛，事件event 幸运地fortunately 运动员athlete超级英雄superhero 然后，后来afterwards 超人supermen 灾难disaster 独立地 on one’s own 促进，提升promote 伤害，损伤injury 放弃give up 开始（认识，理解）come to do something使从（受伤）中活下来；渡过难关pull through 犯（错误）干（坏事）commit 自杀commit suicide 融洽相处，进展get on 关系relationship 反应react 离婚divorce 涉及，参与involve 参加，参与get involved with慈善，施舍charity 质量，品质quality 残疾的disabled 自信的confident太，极为far too 别胡扯come off it 奥运会的Olympic 羽毛球badminton 钦佩，羡慕admire 完全地，绝对地dead（right）当然，绝对地absolutely 奖章，勋章medal 你所说的似乎有道理。You’ve got a point there！跳水，潜水dive
Unit 3
Lesson Festival
Autumn
Every year in September or October, the Mid-Autumn Festival is celebrated by the Chinese people all over the world.On this day, the moon is said to meet in the evening and watch the moon.The Mid-Autumn Festival is important because it is special occasion for family.It is also a day for special foods like moon cakes.There are all kinds of moon cake.Traditional moon cakes are usually made with bean paste, but nowadays, there are many different kinds of moon cakes including fruit, coffee, chocolate and even ice-cream moon cakes.Winter
The lantern Festival falls on the fifteenth day of the first lunar month.It marks the end of the Chinese New Year celebrations.There are many stories about how the Lantern Festival stared.In one story, lanterns were lit to celebrate the power of light over darkness.In another story, a town was almost destroyed but the light from many lanterns saved it.The story was about a god who wanted to burn down the town.He was fooled when he saw thousands of lanterns.He thought the town was already burning.In the past, lanterns were usually lit by candles and decorated with picture of birds, animals and flowers, etc..Nowadays, most lanterns are made with light blubs and batteries, and they come in many shapes and sizes.In the north-eastern part of China, there are even ice-lanterns.The special food for the lantern festival is the sweet dumping.Sweet dumplings are boiled and served in hot water.Summer
The Dragon Boat Festival falls on the fifth day of the fifth month of the lunar year.As it is in early summer, it marks the beginning of the hottest season of the year.The tradition of the Dragon Boat Festival started more than 2,000 years ago.In the old days, dragon boat races were organised only by Chinese people from other cultures have also taken part in the races and enjoyed the fun.There is special food for the festival.It is called zongzi, which is sticky rice in fresh bamboo leaves.①节 秋天
在九月或十月的每一年，中秋节是全世界的中国人庆祝。在这一天，据说月亮在晚上见面，看月亮。
中秋节是重要的因为它是家庭特别的场合。这一天要吃月饼之类的特殊食品。有各种月饼。传统的月饼是用豆馅制成的，但如今，有许多不同种类的月饼，包括水果，咖啡，巧克力和冰淇淋月饼。冬天
元宵节是在农历的第一个月的第十五天。它标志着中国新年庆祝活动的结束。有很多故事关于元宵节的凝视。在一个故事中，灯笼被点燃，庆祝光明战胜黑暗的力量。在另一个故事，一个小镇几乎被摧毁了，但是从许多灯笼的光救了它。故事说的是有一个神仙想烧毁城镇。他愚弄了，当他看到成千上万的灯笼。他认为该镇已经燃烧。
在过去，灯笼通常点燃蜡烛和装饰画的鸟，动物和花卉，等。如今，大多数的灯笼轻Blubs和电池，和他们有不同的形状和尺寸。在中国的东北部，甚至有冰灯。元宵节的特殊的食物是甜的倾销。甜饺子煮熟，热水。夏天
端午节是在农历年的第五个月的第五天。它是在初夏，它标志着一年中最热的季节的开始。
端午节的传统开始于2000年前。在旧时代，龙舟比赛只被来自其他文化的中国人组织也参加龙舟赛，享受乐趣。
有这个节日的特殊食品。叫粽子，它是新鲜的竹子糯米叶。
Lesson 3
Weddings
Weddings in Indonesia
If a friend gets an invitation to a wedding, you can go with him/her, ever if you don‟t receive an invitation yourself.The times of the wedding ceremony and the reception are both on the invitation.However, you ought not to go to the ceremony because it is only for close family.If you really want to see it, you ought to ask first.Everyone can attend the reception afterwards.Nowadays, Indonesian woman don‟t have to caver their heads, but they usually wear traditional clother.There is a box at the entrance to the reception and you ought to put money into it!But don‟t worry, you don‟t have to contribute a lot of money.And remember – at most wedding receptions you can‟t drink alcohol.Greek weddings
On the day of a Greek wedding ceremony, the bridegroom has to ask the bride‟s father for his daughter‟s hand in marriage.The bridegroom‟s best man then goes with the couple to the church, to be married.During the church ceremony, the best man should help put crowns made of flowers on the heads of the bride and bridegroom.A long silk ribbon that links the crowns is a symbol of a long and happy life for the couple.After the ceremony, the guests can attend a wedding reception, which is usually a huge party and can last through the night.There is a lot of eating, drinking and dancing, including the famous Greek circle dance, where everyone joins in.During the reception, guests can throw dishes on the floor and put money on the bride‟s wedding dress for good luck.③婚礼
在印度尼西亚的婚礼
如果一个朋友收到婚礼请柬，你可以跟他一起去，即使你没有收到。
婚礼仪式的时间及婚宴的邀请。然而，你不应该去仪式，因为它仅仅是亲密的家庭。如果你真的想看到它，你应该先问一下。每个人都可以参加酒会之后。目前，印尼妇女不必探察洞穴的人他们的头，但他们通常穿着传统的衣服。有在招待会门口一个盒子，你应该把钱放进去！但别担心，你不一定要有很多钱。记住–在大多数婚礼接待你不喝酒。希腊婚礼
在希腊婚礼仪式上，新郎问新娘的父亲许配给他女儿的手。新郎的伴郎然后与夫妇到教堂，要结婚了。
在教堂婚礼上，伴郎要帮助把花冠戴在新郎和新娘的头。一个链接的冠长丝带是一对夫妇幸福长寿的象征。
仪式结束后，客人可以参加婚礼，通常是一个大型聚会，可以持续到晚上。有很多吃，喝和跳舞，其中包括著名的希腊圆圈舞，人人都会加入其中。宴会期间，客人可以把盘子摔碎在地板上，把钱花在新娘的婚纱的好运气。
Lesson 4
Christmas
Memories of Christmas
For me, Christmas always began in the middle of the cold, windy month of November.My sister, Alison, and I sat down in front of the fire and wrote a letter to Father Christmas telling him about all the presents we wanted.We seriously wrote “Father Christmas, the North pole on the envelope, before giving them to our mother to post.With December our excitement grew each day – as we opened the new year calendar, Christmas cards arrived in the post, Christmas lights appeared in the streets, and we attended the town carol service.And of course, there was snow everywhere.Enough snow to make snowmen, and to have exciting snowball fights in the school playground.On Christmas Eve, the whole family helped to decorate the house, put up the Christmas tree, the decorations and the balloons.Then, in the afternoon, when Auntie Kathleen and my two cousins arrived, everything was ready.Before we went to bed, we left some wine and biscuits for Father Christmas and then put our stockings at the end of our beds.We tries to stay awake as long as possible to see Father Christmas but the next thing we knew it was morning.Christmas morning!
At the bottom of the bed was the stocking, now full of kinds of small presents and sweets.Christmas morning was bright and I went out into the garden to play a lunch!Was bright and sunny and, after church, my with our new presents.Lunch was always late, but what a lunch!A big turkey with all the vegetables followed put so much food in my mouth sometimes that it was laughed at jokes, put on silly paper hats and laughed again.After lunch, the adults slept on the sofas in front of the Queen‟s speech on television whole we all played cards.Then we had tea, with a huge Christmas cake covered eating.By bedtime all of thr children were very tired.As soon as we turned off the light, we all fell into a deep, happy sleep.④圣诞节 圣诞回忆
对我来说，圣诞节总是开始在中间的冷，风的十一月。我的姐姐，艾丽森，和我坐在火炉前，写信给圣诞老人告诉他我们想要的礼物的一封信。我们认真地写了“圣诞老人，信封上的北极，然后交给妈妈寄。
十二月我们的兴奋与日俱增–为我们翻开了新的一年的日历，圣诞卡抵达后，圣诞灯出现在街头，我们参加了镇上的颂歌。当然，那里到处都是雪。足够堆雪人，并在学校的操场上有激动人心的打雪仗。
在平安夜，全家人帮助装饰房子，把圣诞树，圣诞装饰和气球。然后，在下午，当凯思琳阿姨和我的两个兄弟来了，一切都准备好了。我们睡觉之前，我们给圣诞老人留些酒和饼干，然后把袜子放在床底。我们试图尽可能长的保持清醒看到圣诞老人，但接下来我们知道它是早晨。圣诞节的早晨！
在床的底部是袜子，现在满的小礼物和糖果类。圣诞节的早晨阳光明媚，我到花园里去玩一个午餐！阳光明媚，礼拜后，我与我们的新礼物。午餐总是很晚，但午餐！与所有的蔬菜大火鸡然后把如此多的食物在我的嘴有时是讲着笑话，戴上傻傻的纸帽子，再笑。
午饭后，大人睡在女王演讲前的沙发上电视全我们打牌。然后我们喝茶，吃一个巨大的圣诞蛋糕覆盖。到睡觉的时候所有的孩子们都很累。当我们把灯关了，我们都陷入了深深的，幸福的睡眠。
Culture Corner
Happy Halloween!
Over 2000 years ago, people known as the Celts lived in Northern Europe.They worshipped the sun god and believed the god made their crops grow.On the night of 31 October, after their crops had been harvested and stored for winder, the Celts began a 3-day New Year holiday.During this time, they offered crops and dead animals to thank the god and danced in costumes made from animal heads and skin.Later, when the Romans invaded Europe.They adopted the Celts‟ New Year customs and used them in their own festivals.After 835 AD, the Catholic Church in Europe invented a holiday on 1 November, All Hallow‟s Day, to honour saints.Later, it invented another holiday on 2 November, All Souls‟ Day, to honour dead people.To celebrate All Souls‟ Day, people, made big bonfires and dressed up as angels, devils, saints and witches.They lit candles in lanterns made of hollowed-out turnip or pumpkin to frighten away ghosts.On this night, people also traveled from village to village to ask for food.It was believed that any village that did not give food would have bad luck.Gradually, over the years, the Celtic, Roman and Catholic customs and holidays got mixed together, and finally 31 October became known as Halloween.In the nineteenth century, Irish immigrants took Halloween customs from Europe to the USA.Today, in the USA and the UK in particular, Halloween has become a special occasion for young people.In these countries, children wear spooky costumes and go from door to door saying “Trick or treat!” and they are given sweets to take home.文化角 万圣节快乐！
2000多年前，人们称为凯尔特人居住在欧洲北部。他们崇拜太阳神，认为神造他们的作物生长。在10月31日夜，在庄稼已收割和储存的绕线机，凯尔特人开始了为期3天的新年假期。在这段时间内，他们提供的作物和动物尸体感谢上帝和从动物的头和皮服装跳舞。
后来，当罗马人入侵欧洲。他们采用了凯尔特人的新年习俗和使用他们自己的节日。在公元835年，欧洲的天主教了假日，在1十一月，万圣节，纪念圣徒。后来，它发明了另一个节日在十一月2，万灵节，纪念死去的人。为了庆祝万灵节，人，大篝火，装扮成天使，魔鬼，圣徒和巫婆。他们点燃蜡烛制成镂空的萝卜还是南瓜吓跑鬼灯笼。在这个晚上，人们也专程从村庄找食物。据认为，任何的村庄，不给食物会带来坏运气。
渐渐地，在过去的几年中，凯尔特人，罗马天主教的习俗和节日混合到一起，并最终成为被称为万圣节十月31。
在第十九世纪，爱尔兰移民把万圣节习俗从欧洲到美国。今天，在美国和英国，万圣节已经成为年轻人的一个特殊的场合。在这些国家，孩子们穿着怪异的服装和挨家挨户说“恶作剧还是款待！“给他们糖果带回家。
Bulletin Board
A travel agency is collecting information about the Chinese festivals for a group of foreign visiting students.Read the notice and the two responses.Then add information you know about on the board.Festival Collage
October 1 is the day when the People‟s Republic of China was founded.It is a national holidays.People have different activities to celebrate the day.There is always a huge public firework display on National Day.Sometimes there are parades and gatherings.Since it is one of the longest holidays in the year, for most people it‟s the time to get relaxed or go out of the city to travel.We‟re collecting information about the Chinese festivals for a group of visiting foreign students.Ideally, the information should include special customs, decorations or food used in celebrating Chinese festivals.If you would like to help us, contact Lisa Wang on 88889132.The Spring Festival is the most important holiday for the Chinese people.There are many traditional activities to celebrate the festival, such as to do a thorough cleaning to have a new look for the new year, to paste handwritten couplets on front doors to bring good luck, to conduct Yangge dance and lion dance to increase the festival atmosphere, to prepare a variety of foods to treat the family, friends and relatives.The festival lasts for 15 days.It‟s usually the biggest family gathering for most families, so everyone is supposed to go home to join the celebration.Train and airplane tickets are very difficult to get before the festival.公告板
旅行社是收集有关的一组外国访问学生信息的中国节日。看，这两种反应。然后添加信息，你知道在板。节拼贴
十月一日这一天时，中华人民共和国成立。它是一个国家的节日。不同的人有不同的活动来庆祝这一天。在国庆节总是有一个巨大的公共的焰火表演。有时也有游行和集会。因为它是一年中最长的假期，时间去放松或去出城旅行对大多数的人来说。
我们收集了一组来访的外国学生的中国节日的信息。理想的情况下，信息应包括特殊风俗，装饰或食品中使用的庆祝中国的节日。如果你想帮助我们，联系丽莎王88889132。
春节是中国人最重要的节日。有许多传统的活动来庆祝这一节日，如做一个彻底的清洗，有一个新的寻找新的一年，在门前贴上手写的对联带来好运气，开展秧歌、舞狮来增加节日的气氛，准备各种各样的食物，善待家人，朋友和亲戚。节日持续15天。它通常是大多数家庭的最大的家庭聚会，所以每个人都应该回家参加庆祝活动。火车、飞机票到节日前很难。
Literature Spot 1
A CHRISTMAS CAROL
It was Christmas Eve.Ebenezer Scrooge was in his office, the office of Scrooge and Marley.His clerk, poor Bob Cratchit, was working Suddenly, Scrooge‟s young nephew came into the office.“Hello uncle.Merry Christmas!” he said happily.“Do you want to come and have Christmas dinner with us tomorrow?” “Christmas?” Scrooge replied.“Bah!Humbug!” Scrooge hated Christmas and he refused his nephew‟s invitation for dinner on Christmas Day.His nephew went away.Later two men came to the office, asking for money for the poor.“Bah!Are there no prisons for these people?” Scrooge refused to give even a penny.Then, when it was time to close the office, Bob Cratchit asked for the day off, because it was Christmas.“All right,” Scrooge was sitting in front of his fire at home when, suddenly, he saw a ghost in front of him.“Who are you?” Scrooge asked nervously.“In life, I was Jacob Marley, your partner.I an wearing these chains and I can never be in peace, because when I lived, I only though about money.But I an here to help you.You have a change to escape my terrible destiny.Tonight he woke up.The figure of a strange old man appeared near his bed.“I am the Ghost of Christmas Past.Of your past,” it told Scrooge.The ghost took Scrooge to scenes of Christmas from the past.In one scene Scrooge saw himself as a boy at school.He was reading a book.All the other boys had gone home for Christmas.In another scene Scrooge saw himself as a young man.He was talking to his girlfriend, who he didn‟t marry because she didn‟t have any money.Scrooge began to feel sadder and sadder.“Stop!Show me no more!” he cried.Finally the ghost brought him home and Scrooge fell asleep again.Later that night, Scrooge woke up again.“I am the Ghost of Christmas present.Look at me!” said the second ghost, laughing.He was a large man with a beard, wearing a green robe.He took Scrooge to the house of Bob Cratchit and his family.It was cold in the house and Bob and his family were sitting around a very small Christmas pudding.“What a wonderful pudding.Merry Christmas everyone!” cried Bob.Scrooge felt sad, because he could see ho poor the Cratchits were.Bob‟s smallest child, Tiny Tim, was weak and ill.The ghost finally took Scrooge to a very poor area of London.There were two poor children?” he asked the ghost, who repeated what Scrooge had said before.“Are there no prisons?” The ghost laughed and disappeared.Then, the third ghost appeared.He was dressed in black and looked…
“Are you the Ghost of Christmas Future?” Scrooge asked nervously.The ghost did not answer.It took Scrooge and showed him scenes of the future.In one people were talking about Scrooge‟s death, but not one person was unhappy about it.The ghost also took him to the Cratchit family.The family was very sad.The little boy, Tiny Tim, him died.The next morning Scrooge opened his window and asked, “What day is it today?”
“Why sir, it‟s Christmas Day,” replied a young boy in the street.“Merry Christmas!Merry Christmas!” He wished everybody he saw Merry Christmas.He met the man who had asked for money for the poor and gave him a large sum of money.Scrooge then went and visited his nephew and had the best Christmas dinner in his life.The next day he went to his office early.He waited for Bob Cratchit.“You are late!” said Scrooge in an angry voice.“Yes, I‟m very sorry…” replied poor Bob.“In that case, I‟m afraid I‟m going to…increase your salary!Merry Christmas, Bob!”
From that day, Scrooge was the happiest man in the world.He gave money to the poor.He helped Bob Cratchit‟s family.And people always said of him: “he knew how to celebrate Christmas.”
文学现场1 圣诞颂歌
这是平安夜。斯克鲁奇是在他的办公室，办公室的史克鲁奇和马利。他的职员，可怜的鲍勃Cratchit，正突然，史高基的侄子走进办公室。“你好，叔叔。圣诞快乐！”他高兴地说。“你想来吃圣诞晚餐我们明天？“
“圣诞节吗？“吝啬鬼回答说。“呸！骗子！“斯克鲁奇讨厌圣诞节，他拒绝了他侄子的邀请，在圣诞节的晚餐。
他的侄子就走了。之后两人来到办公室，要求钱给穷人。“呸！有这些人没有监狱？“他甚至拒绝给一分钱。
然后，当到了关门的时间了，鲍勃Cratchit要求休假，因为今天是圣诞节。“好吧，”他坐在他面前的火在家的时候，突然，他看到在他前面有一个幽灵。你是谁？“他紧张地问。
“在生活中，我是雅各伯马利，你的伴侣。我穿着这些链和我不能平静，因为我活着的时候，我只想到钱。但我在这里帮助你。你有一个改变逃不过我的可怕的命运。今晚他醒来。一个奇怪的老人的身影出现在他的床上。
“我是以前的圣诞鬼魂。你的过去，”它告诉Scrooge。鬼魂带着斯克罗吉场景从圣诞节过去。在一个场景中，他看到自己在学校的男孩。他正在读一本书。其他的男孩都有圣诞节回家。在另一个场景史克鲁奇看到自己作为一个年轻人。他跟他的女朋友说话时，他没有结婚，因为她没钱。史克鲁奇开始感到悲伤和悲伤。“停止！我没有更多的！“他喊道。最后，鬼带他回家，他又睡着了。那天晚上，他再次醒来。
“我是圣诞老人的礼物。看着我。“第二个鬼说，笑。他是一个有胡子的大男人，穿着一件绿色的长袍。他把司克洛奇的房子Cratchit鲍伯和他的家人。在那所房子里很冷，鲍勃和他的家人围坐在一个很小的圣诞布丁。“多好的布丁。大家圣诞快乐！“鲍勃哭了。
史克鲁奇感到很伤心，因为他可以看看可怜的Cratchits。鲍勃最小的孩子，小提姆，是软弱和生病的。鬼终于带着他到一个非常贫穷的地区，伦敦。有两个可怜的孩子？“他问鬼，谁重复克鲁奇说之前。“有没有监狱？“鬼笑了，消失了。然后，第三鬼。他穿着黑衣服，看„ “你是未来的圣诞鬼魂？“他紧张地问。
鬼魂没有回答。它带着斯克罗吉和未来的场景展示了他。在一个人们都在谈论他的死亡，但没有一个人不高兴。鬼也把他带到柯家。家里很难过。小男孩，小提姆，他死了。
第二天早晨，他打开了窗户，问，“今天是什么日子？“ “为什么先生，今天是圣诞节，”一个小男孩在街上说。
“圣诞快乐！圣诞快乐！“他希望大家看到圣诞快乐。他遇到过谁的钱给穷人，给了他一大笔钱的人。斯克罗吉再去探望他的侄子和他生命中最美好的圣诞晚餐。第二天，他去他的办公室早。他等待着鲍勃Cratchit。“你迟到了！“他在一个愤怒的声音说。“是的，我很抱歉„„”可怜的鲍勃。
“这样的话，恐怕我要增加你的工资„！圣诞快乐，鲍勃！“
从那一天，在世界上他是最幸福的人。他给穷人钱。他帮bob的家庭。人们总是说他：“他知道如何庆祝圣诞节。”
本单元单词
Lesson 3 Sports Stars
Teaching aims:
To read a text for specific information
To provide a title appropriate for a whole text
To use the Present Perfect and Past Simple tenses appropriately
To practise using positive and negative opinion adjectives.Teaching difficulties:
To use the Present Perfect and Past Simple tenses appropriately
Teaching Aids: computer and cassette
Teaching procedures:
Ⅰ.Warming up
First play the song “Pass the Flame”
Ⅱ Reading
First reading do the exercise true or false
1.2.3.4.The two sister plan to take up tennis career all their life.In competitive matches the two sisters seldom played each other.The two sisters have no common hobby except tennis.In their childhood the people around Williams sisters often fought each other using gun.5.Williams’ parents played an important part in their success.6.The text refer to us the sisters’ father is good at tennis.7.If one of them lose the game in their match, the other do the dishes.8.The two sisters miss their childhood so they often go back to their hometown.Answers: 1.F 2.F 3.F 4.T 5.T 6.T 7.F 8.F
Ⅲ Further understanding
欢迎广大教师踊跃来稿，稿酬丰厚。 高考资源网，您身边的高考专家
Get student to guess the meanings of these words and check them while reading
Listen to the tape and check the answers
Read the text aloud and answer these questions(do the exercise 3)
Read the article again and suggest a title for the text(do the exercise 4)
Title: How to become a tennis star
Road to success
Tennis is my favorite sports
Tennis stars-Williams sisters
Ask student to choose one title.The answer is: Tennis stars-Williams sisters
Do you want to know more information about them? Add new information about the two sisters
Name：Venus Williams
Sex ：female
Birthday :1980.07.17
Weight： 72.7kg
Height ： 185cm
Nationality: America
event：tennis
转入职业时间 1995 WTA当前排名 3 迄今职业成绩 304胜69负 迄今单打冠军 29 迄今双打冠军 10 2003战绩 17胜3负
迄今职业奖金总额 $ 12,462,628 征战法网纪录次数 6 欢迎广大教师踊跃来稿，稿酬丰厚。 高考资源网，您身边的高考专家
单打最好成绩 2002亚军 双打最好成绩 1999冠军
Name ：Serena Williams
Birthday：1981.09.28
Height： 178cm
Weight ： 65.9kg
Nationality ：
America
Event ：tennis
转入职业时间 1995 WTA当前排名 1 迄今职业成绩 224胜41负 迄今单打冠军 22 迄今双打冠军 11 2003战绩 23胜1负
迄今职业奖金总额 $ 11,284,079
征战法网纪录 次数 4 单打最好成绩 2002夺冠 双打最好成绩 1999夺冠
Show some pictures
Picture1 study design in college
Picture2.the friendly sisters
Picture3 The two sisters’ photo of childhood.The topic of each paragragh
Para1 brief introduction
Para2 their childhood
Para3 training and study
para4 achievement and friendly relationship
欢迎广大教师踊跃来稿，稿酬丰厚。 高考资源网，您身边的高考专家
Ⅳ Voice your opinion
What are the advantages of being sports stars?
Ⅴ Language points
1.speak about谈论,讲述
We couldn’t get him to speak about his war experiences.我们无法让他讲述当年战争的经历。
2.interest兴趣；可以和某些动词搭配
He has no interest in fine arts.他对美术没有兴趣。
I’ve lost my interest in collecting coins.我已经失去了收集硬币的兴趣。
The guests showed great interest in the new design.客人们对这种新设计表示出极大的兴趣。
3.come to an end结束
The meeting came to an end at last.会议终于结束了。
4.amazing adj.令人惊异的，指 物 amazed adj.感到惊异的，指人 amaze vt 使„惊异
The amazing performance amazed me.这种另人惊叹的表演让我吃惊
The amazing performance made me amazed.Ⅵ Vocabulary
Do the exercise 6
Ⅶ Language in Use
Choose a star.Make notes about the important achievements or events in his/her life, and the dates they happened.Don’t worry if you are not exact.Ⅷ Grammar
欢迎广大教师踊跃来稿，稿酬丰厚。 高考资源网，您身边的高考专家
Guide students to study Grammar Summary 4, on page 93
Do the exercise 7
Students look at the sentences from the text and discuss when to use each tense.Do the exercise 8 and 9
Ⅸ Homework
If time is limited ask students do the exercise 10, 11and 12 as homework
顺应着这一趋势, 高一数学教学也相应发生了变化, 具体来说, 《普通高中课程标准实验教科书·数学1》人教版 (A版) 分三章, 第一章:集合与函数的概念;第二章:基本初等函数 (I) :第三章:函数的应用。由于本书的主要内容是函数, 所以笔者从“函数”的教学和学习中, 提出个人对新课程的一些研究心得。
一强调函数的背景及对其本质的理解
无论是引入函数概念, 还是学习三类初等函数模型, 《新课程标准》都要求充分展现函数的背景, 从具体实例进入知识的学习, 从函数的现实背景实例出发, 加强概念的概括过程, 有利于学生建立函数概念, 使丰富的实例既是概念的背景又是理解抽象概念的具体例证;同时在实例问题情境下, 为学生提供了进行判断、练习、比较、讨论交流的机会, 以便学生通过主动思考与动手操作更好地理解函数概念。而对函数定义教学中, 先理解函数的定义再学习映射的概念, 更好地体现了从特殊到一般的学习过程, 更好地体会函数的本质。
二加强数形结合思想教学
函数图像是函数关系的一种直观的表示, 具有直观、形象、容量大, 便于观察、记忆和联想等优点, 它可以帮助学生方便地理解和记忆函数有关性质, 处理一些其他语言无法表达的思维过程, 是一种较方便地搜集有用信息、激活解题思路、减少盲目性、顺利解题的手段。所以数形结合、几何直观等数学思想方法是本书学习中的重要思想方法, 它们对于理解本书中的几个基本初等函数的性质 (例如增长模式) 是十分重要的, 为学生利用图像直观研究函数性质提供了有力工具。因此, 教学中应充分注意发挥函数图像的作用, 让学生自己作出函数图像, 通过观察图像变化规律来研究函数的性质。比如在函数的奇偶性, 更多的是要求学生学会画出函数的简图, 通过简图能够解出相关的问题, 这在老教材中是没有明确体现出来的。
三恰当使用信息技术教科书
虽然没有明确提示利用信息技术研究指数函数、对数函数和幂函数的图像与性质, 但本章中有许多内容适合使用信息技术, 例如指数、对数值的计算;借助计算工具, 比较指数函数、对数函数与幂函数增长的差异;借助计算器或计算机画出具体的指数函数、对数函数的图像, 探索并理解它们的单调性与特殊点, 二分法一节中, 更多的是由信息技术作出相关函数的图像, 从而学会判断并求出零点所在的大致区间等等。因此, 只要条件允许, 教材中就会充分使用信息技术。
四体验数学在现实中的应用, 培养学生的应用能力
数学与现实生活是紧密联系的, 函数是我们研究数量关系和变化规律、认识现实世界的数学模型, 是解决实际问题和进行交流的重要工具。由于函数关系广泛存在于自然界的许多问题中, 学生可通过对现实世界中具有函数数量关系及其规律的问题的探索活动, 不仅能使学生体会到数学与现实生活的紧密联系, 而且能促进学生对数学的学习兴趣, 如函数在地震仪中的运用, 化学中的p H值测试的原理、人口增长问题、商品定价问题、未成年人的生长发育问题等, 更好地让学生体现并能够把握现实世界的变化规律。
总之, 新教材更多从现实出发, 提出相关的函数概念及相关性质, 同时又让学生体会到函数对现实的促进作用, 进一步提高学生学习函数的知识, 使函数这一抽象的概念不再枯燥无味, 同时又顺应社会发展, 充分运用信息技术展现更多学习素材, 让学生感受到从仿佛毫不相关的数据或信息中体会并发现规律, 从而更好地把握相关知识的本质, 更好地达到新课改的教育目标。
参考文献
[1]数学课程标准研制组.普通高中数学课程标准 (实验) 解读[M].南京:江苏教育出版社, 2004
[2]中华人民共和国教育部制订.普通高中数学课程标准 (实验) [M].北京:人民教育出版社, 2003
（1）课程性质。
物理学是一门基础自然科学，它所研究的是物质的基本结构、最普遍的相互作用、最一般的运动规律以及所使用的实验手段和思维方法。高中物理课程有助于学生继续学习基本的物理知识与技能；体验科学探究过程，了解科学研究方法；增强创新意识和实践能力，发展探索自然、理解自然的兴趣与热情；认识物理学对科技进步以及文化、经济和社会发展的影响；为终身发展，形成科学世界观和科学价值观打下基础。
（2）课程基本理念。
①在课程目标上注重提高全体学生的科学素养。
②在课程结构上重视基础，体现课程的选择性。
③在课程内容上体现时代性、基础性、选择性。
④在课程实施上注重自主学习，提倡教学方式多样化。
⑤在课程评价上强调更新观念，促进学生发展。
对高一物理教学而言，是急功近利的要分数，对学生进行知识的“注入式”式教学（实践证明效果不好）；还是着眼于学生终身发展的需要，让学生自主、合作、探究地学习，去培养学生学习物理的兴趣，提升学生的科学素养。课程标准应该说为我们的教学目标指明了方向。
2．分析课程结构，合理构建知识框架
必修1模块是高中物理的第一个模块，是共同必修模块。是为全体学生设计的，旨在引导学生学习基本的物理内容，了解物理学的思想和研究方法，初步认识物理学对科学技术、经济、社会的影响。
本模块划分为以下两个二级主题：
运动的描述
相互作用与运动规律
（1）本模块的概念和规律是进一步学习的基础，核心依然是“力和运动”的关系。
说明：本模块的教学要十分注意与初中物理的衔接。在教学中要时时注意降低台阶，引导学生从初中已经学过的内容过渡到高中要学习的新内容，进而逐步适应高中阶段的教学要求。切不可盲目追求一步到位，否则必然是欲速则不达。
由初中到高中，认识上的一个台阶：矢量。我们清楚力是运动改变的原因，运动是物质存在的一种形式。对学生而言，运动是形象的、具体的，通过物体的运动去渗透矢量的观点（只是引入矢理的概念）学生易于接收、易于理解。因此教材的安排是从“运动的描述”开始的。
（2）突出了物理学是以实验为基础的科学。
有关实验在高中物理中具有典型性。要通过这些实验学习基本的操作技能，体会实验在物理学中的地位及实践在人类认识世界中的作用。
本模块中的实验，根据它们在物理学中和物理教学中的地位、难易程度、用时长短、学校的器材条件，分成学生实验、实验、演示、做一做，在问题与练习中也有实验性的题目，还安排了很多探究性的学习活动，要求学生要有意识地运用本模块常用的研究方法和典型的实验方法来思考和研究自己身边的物理现象。总之，学生将在学习物理基础知识的同时，初步经历对自然规律的探究过程，从中体会物理学的思想，并在情感态度与价值观方面等受到熏陶。
（3）课程的呈现方式具有开放性。
普通高中物理教学要实现课程标准所设定的三个维度的具体目标，就不能仅仅依靠传统的“注入式教学”，要努力创设多样化的教学情境，帮助学生逐步适应自主、合作、探究等新型学习方式，促进学生全面素质的和谐发展。开放的课程呈现方式就是为了适应这种需要。教材的几个栏目还是值得我们去关注的，例如提出问题，让学生思考与讨论（本册至少12处要求学生“思考与讨论”）；介绍科技，让学生增长见识激发学习热情（本册有6处介绍科学漫步，两处介绍STS(科学—技术—社会)）；适时提醒，让学生对易错的问题和重点的问题理解更加准确深刻到位（教材旁边的注解共有34处，教师教学时和学生学习时都容易忽视）。
3．了解高考走势，准确定位教学起点
高考试题中必修1的内容占比并不大，这一点很好理解。必修1是面向全体学生的，不应该搞得难；但并不是说必修1不重要，相反必修1涉及到物理学的核心思想和方法，而这一点可以以选修的内容为载体进行考查。
我认为把握教学的起点要注意以下几点：
（1）注重基本概念的教学。
物理概念是物理科学知识的基本组元，是物理知识结构的基础。物理概念的准确建立，是学好物理的基础，也是发展物理思维的出发点。有针对性的物理概念教学（并注重讲练结合），能符合学生认识事物的一般规律，使课堂教学更具有科学性。加强概念教学是完成好规律教学的前提。
（2）重视基本规律的教学。
物理规律是物理过程在一定条件下发生、发展和变化的必然趋势的反映。物理规律可分为定性和定量的两类。只揭示物理过程中各物理概念间的联系及物理过程发展趋势的规律属于定性规律，如惯性定律等。能够揭示各相关物理量之间的数量制约关系的规律属于定量规律，如牛顿第二定律等。物理规律包括定律、定理、法则和公式等。
物理规律是建立在物理概念基础上的更深一层次的物理知识，它反映了物理概念间的相互联系。物理规律是物理知识的核心。物理规律的教学是物理现象教学和物理概念教学的归宿，是物理教学的重要内容。
（3）加强物理实验的教学。
观察现象、进行演示和学生实验，能够使学生对物理事实获得具体、明确的认识，这是理解概念和规律的必要的基础。观察和实验对培养学生的观察和实验技能，培养实事求是的科学态度，引起学习兴趣，具有不可代替的重要作用。
4．把握重点难点，有效渗透科学方法
认真分析教材，要把握重点（难点）章节，而每一节又有重点（难点）概念或重点（难点）规律。在充分认真备课、备学生的基础上才能实现重点难点的有效突破。
（1）矢量的教学。
高中接触到的第一个矢量是位移（第一章第二节）。它指明了矢量既有大小又有方向的重要特点。在这里暂时不宜对矢量及其运算作太多的扩展，只要求学生初步认识到有一类物理量是既有大小又有方向的量，并且会用正负号来表示直线运动中位移的方向。要用实例来启发引导学生认识位移与路程的区别。
（2）加速度的教学。
对加速度的理解不可能一步到位，而是逐步加深。通过图象去认识理解加速度，在本节不宜过多地提平均加速度与瞬时加速度。当然这个理解也是逐步的。关注教材第一章第五节（速度变化快慢的描述）的“思考与讨论”；第二章第二节（匀变速直线运动的速度与时间的关系）的“说一说”，对理解匀变速直线运动和非匀变速直线运动的速度变化的规律、加速度的特点及其关系有很大帮助。
（2）匀变速运动和变加速运动中的加速度。
引入加速度是为了研究物体的运动。研究物体运动就包含了研究加速度这个重要因素。对匀变速运动的几个公式的理解也是对加速度的理解的一个方面。
（3）牛顿第二定律与加速度。
牛顿第二定律揭示了加速度产生的原因，加速度大小和方向决定的因素。
3．牛顿第二定律的教学
牛顿第二定律是在实验基础上建立起来的重要规律，它是动力学的核心规律，也是学习其它动力学规律的基础。
牛顿第二定律新授课的教学分两课时进行的。
（1）第一课时是“实验：探究加速度与力、质量的关系”。要求学生通过实验，探究加速度、质量、力三者的关系，强调让学生经历实验探究过程。
体会探究过程中所用的科学方法。①控制变量法：在实验中或实际问题中，常有多个因素在变化，造成规律不易表现出来，这时可以先控制一些物理量不变，依次研究某一个因素的影响和作用。它是高中物理非常重要的科学研究方法。再如探究电阻率、安培力等都利用了控制变量法。②物理归纳法是指“从特殊到一般”，即从各种实验事实的分析中，归纳出自然规律。亲历规律发现历程，让学生参与互动，通过分析加速度与质量、加速度与力的关系，归纳出牛顿第二定律，得到体验和感悟，培养创新精神或创新意识。③图像分析法。通过图像分析处理数据，易于发现规律和消除误差。分别作出表示加速度与力、加速度与质量的关系的图象，根据图象写出加速度与力、质量的关系式。通过定律的探究过程，渗透物理学研究方法（运用、实验归纳法研究三个变量的关系），是整个物理教学的重要内容和任务。④等效处理思想。该实验应在光滑水平的水平面完成，简单明了。但并不存在真正光滑的平面，在此将平板倾斜“平衡摩擦力”就是一种等效处理的思想。
本节课教学设计注重学生学习过程的亲身体验，体现了“做中学”和“关注学生能力发展”的教学思想。培养学生探究的思想，训练学生实验操作的能力及数据分析处理的能力。
（2）第二课时“牛顿第二定律”。应使学生对于牛顿第二定律有深入理解、能全面掌握，即理解几个物理量和公式的内涵和外延，能应用牛顿第二定律分析解决问题。关于这一点高中物理教师都很清楚，在此不再赘述。
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