被动语态讲解

被动语态讲解（精选8篇）

被动语态讲解篇1

一、被动语态概述

语态是动词的一种形式，用以说明主语与谓语动词之间的关系。英语的语态共有两种：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。被动语态是动词的一种特殊形式，一般说来，只有需要动作对象的及物动词才有被动语态。汉语往往用“被”、“受”、“给”等词来表示被动意义。如：

They didn’t offer Ann the job. (主动语态)

Ann wasn’t offered the job. (被动语态)

安没得到这份工作。

二、被动语态的构成

被动语态由“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词”构成。被动语态的时态变化只改变be的形式，过去分词部分不变。疑问式和否定式的变化也如此。

1、被动语态的时态较常见的八种形式

现以动词clean为例列表说明：

2、被动语态的句式变化：

以一般现在时和动词invite为例，列表说明被动语态的句式变化：

3、含有情态动词的被动语态

情态动词的被动语态结构为：情态动词+be+过去分词;其时态及句型的变化仅由情态动词完成，“be+过去分词”部分不变。如：

Tables can be made of stone. 桌子可由石头制造。

Tables could be made of stone at that time. 那时桌子可由石头制造。(一般过去时)

Can tables be made of stone? 桌子能用石头制造吗?(疑问句)

三、被动语态的用法：

1、不知道或没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者。

The old bridge was built many years ago. 这座古桥是许多年前建造的。

He was elected chairman.他被选为主席。

2、强调动作的承受者。

动作的执行者由by引导置于谓语动词之后，也可省略。

Your plan is considered to be the best. 你的计划被认为是最好的。

3、动作的执行者是无生命的事物。

The window was blown by wind.窗户被风吹开了。

The whole village has been washed away by the flood.整个村庄都被洪水冲走了。

4. 避免更换主语，如：

Once a promise is made, it shouldn’t be broken. 诺言一旦许下，就不能违背。

Mothers love their children and children are sure to love their mothers.

母亲爱孩子，孩子当然也爱母亲了。

5. 使句子保持平衡，如：

The lecture will be made by Joe Smith, who is a young artist from the States.

乔史密斯将来做报告，他是一位年轻的美国艺术家。

(Joe Smith有一个非限定性定语从句，所以后置)

四、主动语态变为被动语态

转换图示：

1、主动语态变为被动语态的步骤：

(1)将主动句的宾语变为主语，如果主动句的宾语是代词，需变为主格。如：

(2)将动词改为“be+过去分词”，be与新主语的人称和数一致，时态不变。

(3)将主动语态的主语前加by放在谓语动词后，如果原主语是代词，要变为宾格。

They held a meeting yesterday. → A meeting was held(by them)yesterday.

他们昨天开会了。昨天举行了一个会议。

They won’t forgive me. → I won’t be forgiven by them.

他们不会原谅我的。我不会被他们原谅的。

2、主动语态变为被动语态的注意事项：

(1)主动句中的主语如果是people, we, you, they, somebody等含糊地表示“人们”、“大家”等，

变为被动句时，通常删去“by…”，除非强调原主语。如：

They set up this hospital in 1975. → This hospital was set up in 1975.

这所医院建于1975年。

Only he can finish the job. 只有他能完成这项工作。→

The job can be finished only by him.这项工作只能由他来完成。

(2)含有双宾语，即直接宾语和间接宾语的句子，每个宾语都可变为被动语态的主语，即其被动语态

有两种形式。但多以间接宾语作主语。

Jack told us the truth.杰克告诉了我们真相。

We were told the truth by Jack.

The truth was told (to) us by Jack.

(3)含有宾语+宾语补足语的句子，变成被动句后原来的宾语补足语就成了主语补足语了;

注意：不带to的不定式作宾语补足语时，变成被动时要加上to。

I heart Emily sing the song just now.

→ Emily was heard to sing the song just now.

我刚才听见艾米莉唱这首歌了。

(4)含有宾语从句的主动句变为被动句，通常用it作为被动结构的先行主语，把宾语从句后置。

We have determined that the plan should be carried out soon.

It has been determined that the plan should be carried out soon.

我们决定这项计划必须马上实施。

(5)双重被动结构：

当某人或物成为两次动作的承受者时，要用双重被动结构。如：

Parents often ask their children to do too much homework.

The children are often asked to do too much homework.

Too much homework is often asked to be done by the children.

五、各种时态的被动语态举例(以动词do为例)

1.一般现在时(am/ is/ are +done)

The classroom is cleaned by the students every day. 学生们每天都打扫教室。

2.一般过去时(was/ were +done)

My bike was stolen last night. 我的自行车昨天被偷了。

When was the book introduced to China? 这本书什么时候引入中国的?

3.一般将来时与过去将来时(will/ shall be +done; would/should be +done)

A speech will be given this afternoon. 今天下午有一个演讲。

I thought thousands of people would be helped. 我认为将有数千人得到帮助。

4.现在进行时与过去进行时(am/ is/ are being +done; was/ were being +done)

The machine was being repaired at this time yesterday. 昨天这时，机器正在被修理。

The problem is being discussed now. 问题正在被讨论。

A bus is being pushed by the passengers. 路人正在推一辆公共汽车。

5.现在完成时(have/ has been + done)

Two hundred trees have been planted by now. 到现在为止，已经种了二百棵树了。

The book has been read many times by me. 这本书已经被我读了许多遍了。

Several soldiers have already been killed in the conflict.

在冲突中已经有几名士兵被杀害。

6.过去完成时(had been+done)

They said they had been invited to the party. 他们说已经被邀请参加晚会了。

She found the house had been destroyed by the storm. 她发现房子已经被暴风雨摧毁。

He had been tortured by the illness for many years before he died.

他在去世前已经被疾病折磨很多年了。

六、高频考点：

1. 动词的主动形式表示被动之意

1)某些连系动词，如：look, feel, smell，sound, prove等。

The flower smells sweet.这花闻起来很香。

Maria proves very patient and warm-hearted. 玛丽亚被证明很耐心、很热心。

2)表示主语内在“品质”或“性能”的某些动词，虽然可以是及物动词，但这时用作不及物动词，

如：lock, shut, close, open, move, read, write, sell, wash, clean, draw, cut,

translate, burn, run, ride, begin, end, operate等。

The sentences translate hard. 这些句子很难译。

The door won’t shut. 这个门关不上。

3)某些动词用在句型“主+谓+主补”时，如wear，blow，prove等。

The door blew open. 门被吹开了。

2. 不用于被动语态的动词

有些动词用于被动语态，如happen，cost，take，have (有)，own，possess, want (缺乏)。

An accident happened yesterday. 昨天发生了一起事故。

One should possess courage, determination and wisdom. 人要拥有勇气、决心和智慧。

3. “动词+反身代词”结构与“be+过去分词”结构

注意下面短语：

devote oneself to (献身于) seat oneself (就坐) dress oneself (穿衣),

amuse oneself (自娱自乐) lose oneself (迷路) prepare oneself for (做好心理准备),

concern oneself about (担心)

这些短语经常用被动结构表示主动意义。

They were seated in the front of the hall. 他们在大厅前部就坐。

He was concerned about his work. 他担心他的工作。

All my students are well prepared for the test. 我的学生都为考试做好了准备。

His mother is dressed in white at the party. 他的妈妈在宴会上穿着白色衣服。

4. be done与get done

1)现代英语特别是口语中常用“get + 过去分词”表示被动语态。

2)“get + 过去分词”只表示动作，而“be+过去分词”既可表动作，也可表状态。

They have been married for ages. 他们结婚多年了。(不能用get married)

They got married last month. 他们上个月结婚了。

3)经过安排、考虑的动作用“be+过去分词”;出乎意料时用“get+过去分词”。

How did the painting get damaged? 这幅画什么时候被损坏的?

4)“be+过去分词”是单纯的被动意义，而“get+过去分词”可以暗示主语对动作的发生有一定的责

任，含有某种主动意味。

His team got beaten again though they had tried their best.

虽然他们尽了全力，他的队还是输了。

5. 几个被动语态常用习惯用法：

We’re determined to set up an eco-laboratory. 我们决定建立一个生态实验室。

My time was occupied with children. 我的时间都用在了孩子们身上。

I’m very interested in fine arts. 我对美术非常感兴趣。

Where was your grandfather born? 你祖父的出生地是哪里?

I was graduated from that university ten years ago. 我十年前从那所大学毕业。

My hometown is situated in the south of China. 我的家乡在中国南部。

6.It is said/ reported/believed, etc. + 从句的变化：

“It is said/ reported/believed, etc. + 从句”表示据说/据报道/据信......，此句型可以变成从句主语作主语的句型：sb. +be said/ reported/believed, etc. +不定式。如果原来从句的谓语动作已经完成，不定式用完成式;如果从句的谓语动作是经常性动作或还没有完成，用不定式的一般式。

It is said that James is an expert on DNA. = James is said to be an expert on DNA.

人们说詹姆斯是个DNA专家。

It is said that the boy has passed the national exam. =

The boy is said to have passed the national exam.

据说这个男孩已经通过了这次全国性的测试。

巩固练习

Ⅰ. 单项选择

1. In the spoken English of some areas in the US, the “r” sounds at the end of the

words _________. ( 北京)

A. are dropped B. drop C. are being dropped D. have dropped

2. Experiments of this kind _______ in both the U.S. and Europe well before the Second

World War.( 北京)

A. have conducted B. have been conducted

C. had conducted D. had been conducted

3. He_____________some pieces of advice, but he__________to them.

A. gave, didn’t listen B. was given, wasn’t listened

C. give, wasn’t listened D. was given, didn’t listen

4. This coastal area ______ a national wildlife reserve last year. (2010 湖南)

A.was named B.named C.is named D.names

5. A lot of tall buildings______________in his hometown in the last three years.

A. have set up B. have been set up C. were set up D. set up

6. They ______________printing 500 copies by the end of last month.

A. had finished B. have finished C. had been finished D. have been finished

7. Great changes______________place. Many new schools ______________.

A. have taken, have been opened B. take, are open

C. are taken, open D. have been taken, are opened

8. We can’t use the bridge now, because it______________.

A. has been repaired B. is repairing C. is repaired D. is being repaired

9. I______________the way to the railway station by a policeman.

A. was shown B. showed C. have shown D. was showing

10. The war the old soldier remembers very well ______________in 1941.

A. broke out B. had been broken out

C. was broken out D. had broken out

11. When water______________, it will be changed into vapour.

A. is heated B. heating C. has heated D. heats

12. We can’t enter the room because its door______________, but you couldn’t lock it at

all before.

A. locked B. locks C. is locked D. is locking

13. They______________day and night, so they had no time to stay with their families.

A. are made work B. are made to work

C. made to be worked D. are making to work

14. Man-made satellites______________into space by many countries.

A. was sent up B. is sent up

C. have been sent up D. has been sent up

15. When ______ the People’s Republic of China_____ ?

A. was, found B. was, founded C. did, found D. does, found

16. A strange thing _____ in our school yesterday.

A. was happened B. has been happened C. happened D. was going to happen

17. He will stop showing off, if no notice _____ of him.

A. is taken B. will be taken C. takes D. has taken

18. - It is said that another new car factory _____ now.

- Yeah. It _____ one and a half years.

A. is building; is taken B. is being built; will take

C. is built; will takeD. is being built; takes

19. I know Mr Brown;we _____ to each other at an international conference.

A. are introduced B. have been introduced

C. were introduced D. had been introduced

20. - I ____ to a party, but I’ve got nothing to wear.

- Why don’t you have a dress made for the party?

A. was asked B. will ask C. have asked D. have been asked

21. - What do you think of this kind of TV set, which _____ in Shanghai?

- Well, I don’t care such things.

A. was made B. is made C. has been made D. had been made

22. The vegetables didn’t taste very good. They ____ too long.

A. had been cooked B. were cooked C. had cooked D. cooked

23. I want to buy that kind of cloth because I ____ the cloth ____ well.

A. have told; washes B. have been told; washes

C. was told; washed D. have been told; is washed

24. In some parts of the world, tea ____ with milk and sugar.

A. is serving B. is served C. serves D. served

25. The new dictionaries are very useful. They ____ well and _______ already.

A. sell, have been sold out B. sold, had sold out

C. sell, sell out D. are sold, have been sold out

26. The train ____ arrive at 11:30, but it was an hour late.

A. was about to B. was likely to C. was supposed to D. was proved to

27. The teacher told his students that they ____ to be useful men to the country.

A. were all expected B. were all expecting

C. all were expected D. all expected

28. -Why did you leave that position?

-I __________ a better position at IBM.

A. offer B. offered C. am offered D. was offered

29. The policeman’s attention was suddenly caught by a small box which ______ placed

under the Minister’s car.

A. has been B. was being C. had been D. would be

30. The hero’s story _______ differently in the newspapers.

A.was reported B.was reporting C.reports D.reported

Ⅱ把下列句子改为被动语态

1. I saw the boy run yesterday.

2. He told me that he would come back soon.

3. You can find a lot of differences between the two languages.

4. Do you water your flowers every day?

5. The wind blew down the big tree last night.

6. I think that he is right.

7. He had not thrown the bad food.

8. Mother was not mending the trousers.

9. They would not take him to Beijing.

10. Nobody knew me in this town at that time.

参考答案

Ⅰ单项选择

1. A。句子是有关美语中的一个语法现象的，是经常性的状态，且这个音节是人为漏掉的，所以用一般

现在时的被动语态。

2. D。实验(experiments)和动词conduct(实施)是被动关系，而且是在“before the Second

World War”进行的，即“过去的过去”，所以选D。

3. D。give接双宾语，“他”应被给一些建议，排除A、C;“他”听从建议，是主动关系，所以选D。

4. A。句意：这个沿海地区去年被命名为国家级野生动物保护区。

5. B。in the last three years 在过去三年里，一般与现在完成时连用，“建筑物”与“set up”是

动宾关系，所以用B。

6. A。by the end of last month 到上个月末为止，一般要用过去完成时;“They”是“finish”的

执行者，所以选A。

7. A。take place 发生，不能用被动语态;“school”是“被开设(open)”的，而且现在已经有了

变化，要用现在完成时表示过去的动作对现在的结果，因此选A。

8. D。桥现在不能使用，应该是正在被修理。

9. A。警察给“我”指路，“我”与“指路”是被动关系。

10. A。break out 爆发，是不可数名词，不用被动语态;过去某时发生的事，要用一般过去时。

11. A。“水”是人加热的，所以是被动语态。

12. C。门是被锁的，用被动语态。注意lock也有不及物动词的用法，表示主语的特征，不用被动语

态，如：The door won’t lock. 这个门锁不上。

13. B。make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事，变成被动句后要把do前省略的to加上。They与动词work是

主动的，因此要用不定式的主动式。

14. C。句意：许多国家都发射了人造卫星。根据句意应用现在完成时，卫星是被发射的，因此用C。

15. B。found 动词(原形)，意为“建立”，过去式、过去分词是founded。

16. C。happen是不及物动词，不用被动语态。

17. A。如主句用将来时，在时间、条件和让步状语从句中要用一般现在时表示将来。又因if 从句是被

动语态，是短语“take no notice of...(不注意)”中的notice(take的宾语)提前做了主

语，故选A。句意：如果不注意他，他就不会卖弄了。

18. B。根据主语与build之间的被动关系和now，可知要选现在进行时的被动语态;因工厂正在修建，

花费一年半应指将来。

19. C。在一个国际会议上“被介绍”显然发生在过去。

20. D。由but 分句中的现在时和答语所提建议内容，可知应选现在完成时的被动语态。

21. B。这种电视产于上海是客观事实，故用一般现在时。

22. A。cook发生在didn’ t taste very good 之前，且与主语之间有被动关系，故用过去完成时的被

动语态。

23.B。动词wash, lock, sell, wear, write, read, open, shut, clean等动词的主语是物，且又表

示主语的特征或状态时，要用主动形式表示被动意义。tell与I是被动关系，表示“别人告诉

我”。wash well 好洗。

24. B。茶是被“端上/提供”的，而且说的是一个事实，用一般现在时的被动语态。

25. A。第一空解析见23;sell out 卖光，与书是被动关系，从第一句的时态可知用现在完成时的被动

语态。

26. C。be supposed to 应该;be about to do 正要做，一般不与具体时间连用;be likely to do

可能做。

27. A。句意：老师告诉他的学生他们被期望成为对国家有用的人。

28. D。offer sb. sth. 主动提供给某人某物;从问句时态可知答语中要用一般过去时。句意：-你为

什么离职呀?-IBM给了我一个更好的。

29. C。小盒子是在警察注意到之前放的，所以用过去完成时。句意：那个警察的注意力突然被吸引到

一个安放在部长汽车下面的一个小盒子上。

30. A。“story”应该“被报道”。

Ⅱ、把下列句子改为被动语态

1. The boy was seen to run by me yesterday.

2. I was told that he would come back soon.

3. A lot of differences can be found by you between the two languages.

4. Are your flowers watered every day?

5. The big tree was blown down last night.

6. It is thought that he is right.

7. The bad food had not been thrown.

8. The trousers were not being mended by my mother.

9. He would not be taken to Beijing.

被动语态讲解篇2

一、主动语态和被动语态概说

主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者,而被动语态则表示主语是动作的承受者。被动语态由“助动词be+过去分词”构成。例如:

Everybody likes him.大家都喜欢他。(主动语态)

He is liked by everybody.他受到大家的喜欢。(被动语态)

二、主动语态变被动语态的方法

1.主动语态变被动语态的基本方法

将主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语,将主动谓语变为被动谓语(be+过去分词),将主动语态的主语变为by短语。例如:

He broke the cup.→The cup was broken by him.

【注意】若不强调动词执行者,被动语态中的by短语通常可以省略。例如:

He was born in 2000.他生于2000年。

What is this flower called?这种花叫什么?

2.双宾动词的被动语态

双宾动词指带双宾语的动词。它们在变为被动语态时,通常是把间接宾语(指人)变为被动语态的主语,而把直接宾语(指事物)保留下来(称为保留宾语)。例如:

He answered me that question.→I was answered that question by him.

有的动词则通常把直接宾语(指事物)变为被动语态的主语,而把间接宾语改为由介词to或for引导的状语。例如:

He wrote her a letter.→A letter was written to her.(与动词write搭配用介词to)

She made him a new coat.→A new coat was made for him.(与动词make搭配用介词for)

有时以上两种方式均可。例如:

He gave her some money.

→She was given some money(by him)./Some money was given to her(by him).

She bought him a watch.→A watch was bought for him

→A watch was bought for him(by her)./He was bought a watch(by her).

3.被动语态的时态

被动语态的时态由被动结构“be+过去分词”中的be动词来体现,其基本结构和用法如下:

(1)一般现在时:am/is/are+过去分词

English is taught in our school.我们学校教英语。

We are taken good care of at school.我们在学校受到很好的照顾。

(2)一般过去时:was/were+过去分词

He was taken to the police station.他被带到了警察局。

The house was built ten years ago.这座房子是10年前建的。

(3)一般将来时:will be+过去分词

A new building will be built here soon.不久这里将建一栋新楼。

The meeting will be held at two this afternoon.会议将于今天下午2点举行。

(4)现在完成时:have/has been+过去分词

All the work has been done now.所有的工作现在都做好了。

Have the letters been posted?信已经寄了吗?

(5)过去完成时:had been+过去分词

He said the work had been finished.他说工作已完成了。

(6)现在进行时:am/is/are being+过去分词

My watch is being repaired by him.我的表正在由他修理。

The plan is now being discussed.计划现在正在讨论。

(7)过去进行时:was/were being+过去分词

He said that the man was being operated on.他说那个人正在动手术。

He told me that a new station was being built.他告诉我正在修建一个新车站。

(8)过去将来时:would be+过去分词

He said that the meeting would be held next week.他说过会议将于下周举行。

4.含有情态动词的被动形式

若主动语态中的谓语含有情态动词,在相应的被动语态中通常应保留该情态动词,其结构为“情态动词+be+过去分词”。例如:

Everyone must know this.→This must be known by everyone.

This can’t be done in a short time.这不是短期内可以完成的。

Can this be done by machine?这可以由机器来做吗?

The work must be done at once.这工作必须马上完成。

练一练

一、请区分下列句子中哪句是被动语态。如果是,请在括号中填T;如果不是,请在括号中填F。

1.English is spoken in many countries.()

2.The students are doing their homework in the classroom.()

3.The students are divided into six groups.()

4.My brother was chosen for the basketball team.()

5.We can finish the work in two hours.()

二、请把下列句子改为被动语态。每空限填一词。

1.We teach English in our school.

→English______________________in our school.

2.Someone broke the glass this morning.

→The glass______________________this morning.

3.They can finish the work in two hours.

→The work_________________________________in two hours.

4.The wind blew the clouds away.

→____________________________________________away.

5.They sell fresh fish in that market every day.

→____________________________________________in that market every day.

三、请写出下列动词的过去分词。

1.clean______2.love______3.speak______4.break______

5.finish______6.know______7.sell______8.teach______

《主动语态变被动语态》参考答案:

一、1.T 2.F 3.T 4.T 5.F

二、1.is taught 2.was broken 3.can befinished 4.The clouds were blown 5Fresh fish are sold

面对“被动语态”不“被动” 篇3

I have done the job. （主动关系）

The job has been done. （被动关系）

为了在面对被动语态时不”被动”，让我们从以下三大方面来掌握被动语态。

[被动语态的构成]

被动语态由助动词be加及物动词的过去分词构成。被动语态可以用于各种时态，高考主要考查以下八种：一般现在时的被动语态（am/is/are+过去分词）;一般过去时的被动语态（was/were+过去分词）;一般将来时的被动语态（will/shall be+过去分词）;过去将来时的被动语态（would/should+be+过去分词）;现在进行时的被动语态（am/is/are+being+过去分词）;过去进行时的被动语态（was/were+being+过去分词）;完成时的被动语态（have/has/had+been+过去分词）;带情态动词的被动语态（情态动词be+过去分词）。

被动语态除常用be+过去分词外，还可用get+过去分词。这种结构多用在口语中，高考常考。例如：Hundreds of people get killed every year by traffic.

[被动语态的意义]

1. 不知道或无必要指出行为、动作的执行者时（无须加介词by），如：Football is played all over the world。

2. 突出和强调行为或动作的承受者时，如：History is made by the people。

3. 有时主语较长，宜后置，如：It’s said that they have won the game。

[使用被动语态的注意事项]

1. 短语动词的被动语态要注意不可丢失其附加的介词、副词或短语。如：look at， laugh at， send for， call on， carry out， take care of等。例如：

The data is often referred to.

My sister is taken care of by Grandma.

2. 不及物动词没有被动语态。如：appear， belong， remain， happen， occur， escape， break out等。例如：

（错误）The Anti-Japanese War was broken out in 1937.

（正确）The Anti-Japanese War broke out in 1937.

（错误）At last， my dream was come true.

（正确）At last， my dream come true.

3. 连系动词用主动形式表达被动含义。

①表示感官的连系动词，如：smell， taste， sound， feel， look， seem等，这类动词只能用主动形式表达被动的含义。如：

Mr Li looks quite young.

His health seems to be better.

②表示持续状态的动词，如stay， remain等，也不用于被动语态，它们的被动意义也要用主动的形式来表达。如：

Much work remains to be done.

The window stayed open all the night.

③prove，turn out作连系动词，表示“结果，证明”。例如：

This meeting proved/turned out to be a success.

4. 说明商品，产品或工具自身所具有的性能或内在属性的动词，如sell（well/badly），wash（well/badly），write（well/badly），cut（well/badly）等，这类动词不用于被动语态（不表达此意时，则另当别论）。如：

The book sells well. 这本书卖得很好。

This knife cuts well. 这把刀切起来很锋利。

5. need， want， require以及be worth...之后的动词ing形式不用被动语态，要用主动的形式表达被动的含义。如：

This book is well worth reading.

The flower needs watering.

6. 动词不定式的被动语态要注意的问题。

①动词不定式与被修饰的名词构成动宾关系，又和句子的主语构成主谓关系;在“主语+be+形容词（如hard， easy， difficult， good， impossible， important等）+不定式”句型中，当主语是不定式的逻辑宾语时，不定式用主动形式表达被动意义。如：

I have an important meeting to attend.

The math problem is hard to work out.

②There be 句型中，通常用不定式的主动形式表达被动的意义。如：

There is lots of difficulty to face in the future.

nlc202309040946

③有些动词不定式的被动意义用主动形式表达是固定用法，如：to blame（应受谴责）;to let（出租）等。

7. 一词多义的动词在用作某一特定的词义时是不及物的，不能用于被动语态，反之则可以用于被动语态，应视具体情况而定。如decline做及物动词时，意为“拒绝;谢绝”，作不及物动词时，意为“衰退;减弱;（物价等）下跌”，如：

The invation of the TV was declined by the famous singer.

The prices are declining

8. 有些动词形式上是被动的，但含义上是主动的。如：

He was dressed in red at that time.

The girl was lost in the forest.

The boy was seated in the chair.

9. 在使役动词make以及感官动词see， hear...等动词被动形式后面出现的作主语补足语的不定式须加不定式符号to。如：

The teacher made Jim answer it again. （主动）

Jim was made to answer it again. （被动语态，加to）

10. 注意系表结构和被动语态的区别。系表结构表明主语的的状态或特征，不带by短语，而被动语态是表明主语的一个被动动作，可以带by短语。如：

The job was well done. （系表结构）

The job was well done by a skilled worker. （被动语态）

练习

1. In response to the audience’s demand， the play in the theatre twice a week. （put）

应观众要求，这部戏会在这个剧院每周上演两次。

2. The fruit in his fruit shop looks fresh and usually than that in other fruit shops. （sell）

他水果店里的水果看起来很新鲜，通常比其他水果店的水果卖得更好。

3. Mike is a new student from America. At the beginging he found many classmates around him . （get）

Mike是一名来自美国的学生。起初，他发现他身边的许多同班同学很难相处。

4. The important report is supposed

the manager. （send）

这个重要的报告被认为已经送给经理了。

5. This kind of glasses manufactured by experienced craftsmen . （wear）

这种眼镜由富有经验的匠人制造，戴着很舒服。

6. The doctor my English teacher for three years. （marry）

这位医生与我的英语老师已经结婚3年了。

参考答案

1. will/would be put on

2. sells better

3. were hard/difficult to get on/along with

4. to have been sent to

5. wears comfortably

6. has been married to

被动语态复习课篇4

一、教学内容:被动语态

二、教学对象：普通班学生

二、课型：复习课

三、教学目标：（1）知识目标：明白被动语态的用法，学会使用被动语态。

（2）能力目标：会运用语法结构排除一定的干扰，提高解题能力，提高中考

被动语态题目的答对率。

四、教学重点：被动语态各种时态的结构。

五、教学难点：情态动词和现在完成时的被动语态，以及如何分辩中文的句子应采用何种语态。

六、教学辅助： ppt和学案

七、教学过程：

Step 1:读句子,看看不同在哪里？

① I use the telephone.② My mother cooks breakfast everyday.③ Jim collects stamps.① The telephone is used by me.② Breakfast is cooked by my mother everyday.③ Stamps are collected by Jim.学生细心观察后发现前三句为主动语态，后三句为被动语态。

教师提问：被动语态的结构和标志？学生回答：be+p.p和by+sb.教师与学生口头复习p.p.的构成。

Step 2:小组讨论：什么情况可以用被动语态？

学生自由发言，教师总结被动语态的基本用法： • 不知道动作的执行者是谁时； e.g.The glass was broken.• 由于某种原因不必提到动作的执行者时； e.g.Football is played all over the world.• 强调动作的承受者而不是动作的执行者时。e.g.The Great Wall was built long long ago.Step 3:举例子，分析题目（时态，单复数），发现规律，使用学案作总结。1.一般现在时：

They make shoes in that factory.→Shoes are made(by them)in that factory.总结: 一般现在时被动语态结构为am/is /are +p.p.完成《学案》选择题1、2 2.一般过去时 They bought ten computers last term．

→Ten computers were bought(by them)last term.总结: 一般过去时被动语态结构为was /were +p.p.完成《学案》选择题3、4

3.一般将来时（含will）

They will finish the work tomorrow.→The work will be finished(by them)tomorrow.总结: 一般将来时被动语态结构为will+be +p.p.完成《学案》选择题5、6 4.现在完成时：(have/has+p.p.)Danny has finished the project.→The project has been finished(by Danny).总结: 现在完成时被动语态结构为have/has+been +p.p.完成《学案》选择题7、8 5.含情态动词（must, should, may, can, could, might…）Amy can make a cake ． →A cake can be made(by Amy).总结: 含情态动词被动语态结构为情态动词+be +p.p.完成《学案》选择题9、10 Step 4:教师提出：take place, happen, belong to无被动语态；商场开业（open）无须用被动语态。

Step 5:完成句子练习。

1.昨天的会上问了很多问题。（10年中考）

Many questions ________ _________ in the meeting yesterday.2.去年我们学校建了一个新的游泳池。（09年中考）

A new swimming pool _______ ________ in our school last year.3.这些花必须天天浇水，否则就会枯死。（08年中考）

All the flower _________ __________ _________ everyday, or they will die.4.今年街道两边种了很多树。

Many trees ________ _________ on both side of the street this year.5.下周三我们学校将举办一场关于电脑的讲座。

被动语态教学设计篇5

教学班级：九年级一班教学内容：被动语态教学目标：

1.知识与技能：主要学习被动语态的一般用法，让学生明确不同时态的被动语态的基本结构及用法。

2.过程与方法：通过想、听、说、练等手段，掌握被动语态的构成，并能准确运用。

3.情感、态度与价值观：通过学生积极参与被动语态练习的过程，培养学生换位思考的能力。

教学重点：学习被动语态的构成以及用法。教学难点：被动语态的用法。教学方法：参与式教学法。教学用具: PPT 教学过程：

一、语态概述

英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的。英语中有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。巧记为：主动、主动、主去动。

例如：Many people speak English.谓语：speak 的动作是由主语many people来执行的。

被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象。巧记为：被动、被动、主被动。

例如：English is spoken by many people.主语English 是动词speak 的承受者。

好了，现在我们对被动语态的句子形式有了一个形象的认识，但英语句子是千变万化的，这时就需要你有“火眼金睛”了。下面，老师就来具体讲一讲被动语态的构成。

二、被动语态的构成

被动语态由“助动词be ＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。人称、数和时态的变化是通过be 的变化表现出来的。现以plant为例说明被动语态在各种时态中的构成。

1.We plant many trees every year.(一般现在时)Many trees are planted(by us)every year.2.We planted many trees last year.(一般过去时)Many trees were planted(by us)last year.3.We will plant many trees next year.（一般将来时）

Many trees will be planted(by us)next year.4.We have planted many trees since last year.（现在完成时）

Many trees have been planted(by us)since last year.5.We are planting many trees now.（现在进行时）Many trees are being planted(by us)now.2 6.We were planting many trees then.（过去进行时）Many trees were being planted(by us)then.7.We should plant many trees every year.（含有情态动词）

Many trees should be planted(by us)every year.三、归纳总结

别看英语中一会儿主动被动一会儿现在时一会儿过去时啥的，好像看得咱们眼花缭乱啦。其实呢，这么一堆东西归纳起来，就两点：时态和语态。

一般现在时：am／is ／are ＋Vpp 一般过去时：was／were ＋Vpp 一般将来时：will／shall be＋Vpp 现在进行时：am ／is ／are being＋Vpp 过去进行时：have／has been＋Vpp 现在完成时：have／has been＋Vpp 含有情态动词的被动语态：情态动词+be+Vpp 歌诀是：被动语态be字变，过去分词跟后面。说明：那么，什么时候用被动语态呢？简单的说，凡是汉语中带“被”的句子，都能转换成英语的被动语态。

注意：被动语态的基本结构：be+Vpp 其中，动词需为及物动词，be动词随时态的变化而变化。

四、随堂练习

1.This English song___ by the girls after class.A.often sings B.often sang 3 C.is often sang D.is often sung 2.A new house ___at the corner of the road.A.is building B.is being built C.been built D.be building 3.These papers___yet.A.have not written B.have not been written C.is not written D.is not been written 4.The flowers___often.A.must be water B.must be watered C.must watered D.must water

五、课堂小结

本节课我们学习了中考英语语法考点之一被动语态的第一课时——被动语态的不同时态的基本结构，并进行了归纳总结，为下节课学习被动语态的特殊永用法打下了基础。

英语动词时态的被动语态篇6

被动语态的构成

过去分词

一般现在时的被动语态

am / is / are

过去分词

一般过去时的被动语态

was / were

过去分词

现在进行时的被动语态

am / is / are +being

过去分词

过去进行时的被动语态

was / were +being

过去分词

现在完成时的被动语态

have / has been

过去分词

过去完成时的被动语态

had been

过去分词

将来完成时的被动语态

will / shall have been

过去分词

一般将来时的被动语态

will / shall be

过去分词

过去将来时的被动语态

would / should be

过去分词

为了便于理解，请看以下几个例子：

We are given a lot of homework to do.

我们有很多作业要做。

They were given a warm send-off.

他们受到热烈的欢送。

I think we are being followed.

我想有人在跟踪我们。

They told me that the case was being investigated.

他们告诉我案子正在调查。

The documents for which they were searching have been recovered.

他们找寻的文件已找到了。

He asked if Mary had been sent to hospital.

他问玛丽是否已被送进医院。

Check carefully, so any mistakes will be caught.

仔细检查一遍，把所有错误都找出来。

He knew he would be punished for it.

被动语态“牵手”中考篇7

一、考查不同时态被动语态的构成

不同时态被动语态的谓语结构是不同的, 需要单独记忆。不同时态被动语态可以通过不同的

时间状语来判断。除了肯定句之外, 还要注意否定句和一般疑问句结构。

[中考链接]

1.Mariaat 6:30 every morning by her mother to get ready for school.

A.was woken up B.woke up C.wakes up D.is woken up

(2008年湖北恩施)

2.What beautiful flowers in the garden.Yeah!Theyhere last year.

A.planted B.were planted C.are planted D.will be planted

(2006年浙江宁波)

3.It is reported that the Underground Line No.3_______in our city in 2010.

A.will build B.has built C.will be built D.has been built

(2008年江苏南京)

4.这些照片是去年在北京拍的____________。. (2005年江苏苏州)

5.Didn’t they tell you about it? (改为被动语态)

_________you about it? (2008年山东烟台)

解析:1.从句中的介词by加动作的执行者可以看出谓语动词要用被动语态, 又因为at 6:30 every morning是一般现在时态的时间状语, 因此选D项。2.从时间状语last year可以看出谓语是一般过去时态, 因此排除C、D两项;又因为动作的承受者they是代替前一句中的beautiful flowers, 所以选B项。3.因为动作的执行者the Underground Line No.3是句子的主语, 谓语动词要用被动语态;又因为in 2010是一般将来时态的时间状语, 所以选C项。4.因为动作的执行者没有必要说出来, 表示过去, 所以要用一般过去时态的被动语态来翻译, 因此答案是:These photos were taken in Beijing last year。5.因为改写后的句子是否定疑问句被动结构, 主语是you, 所以答案是:Weren’t, told。

二、考查情态动词的被动语态

情态动词被动语态的构成是:情态动词+be+及物动词的过去分词。常考的情态动词有:can, could, may, must, should等。

[中考链接]

1.The guide said that much attention must_________these details.

(2007年江苏无锡)

A.payB.be paidC.pay toD.be paid to

2.This kind of foodcool, clean, and dry according to the instructions

(2006年天津)

A.should be carried B.must be put C.should be placed D.must be kept

3.Nobody can answer the questions. (改为被动语态)

The questions________answered by anybody. (2008年山东烟台)

解析:1.因为attention是动作pay的承受者, 常见的搭配形式是pay (much more) attention to;又因为是情态动词must的被动语态, 所以选D项。2.根据句中形容词cool, clean, and dry作宾语补足语可知答案是D。因为A项的意思是“把这种食物运到某地”;B项的意思是“把这种食物放在某地”;C项的意思是“把这种食物安放在某地”, 这三项都不符合题意, 因此排除。译文:根据说明, 这种食物必须保持凉爽、干净和干燥。3.因为改写后的句子中介词后面的不定代词表示肯定, 所以谓语部分应该用否定形式, 因此答案是:can’t be。

三、考查短语动词的被动语态

短语动词相当于及物动词, 改为被动语态时, 短语动词不能分开使用。例如:

1.We put on an English play in the school hall.

→An English play was put on in the school hall.

2.They take good care of the children in this school.

→The children are taken good care of in this school.

[中考链接]

1.Last weekend an English short play was__________in the school hall.

(2004年江苏南京)

A.put in B.put down C.put on D.put up

2.Our sports meeting has been__________till next Monday because of the bad weather.

(2006年福建莆田)

A.put on B.put up C.put off D.put down

解析:1.因为an English short play是动作的承受者, 谓语动词只能用put on;又因为动词put的过去分词与原形相同, 所以选C项。2.所给选项都是短语动词, put on意思是“穿上、上演”, put up意思是“举起、建立”, put off意思是“延期”, put down意思是“放下、阻止”, 根据句意可知答案是C项。

四、考查双宾语的被动语态

把带双宾语的主动句改为被动语态时, 通常保留一个宾语。当用指物的宾语作被动语态的主语时, 通常在指人的宾语前加介词to。常见的动词有:give, buy等。

[中考链接]

Was another injection given to you by the doctor yesterday? (改为主动语态)

_________the doctoranother injection yesterday? (2003年新疆)

解析:一般过去时态的一般疑问句被动语态, 改为主动句时, 助动词要用did, 直接宾语you应该放在动词give的后面, 所以答案是:Did, give, you。

五、考查宾语补足语的被动语态

把含宾语补足语的句子改为被动语态时, 宾语改为被动语态的主语, 宾语补足语作为主语补足语, 原来的位置不变。不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语改为被动语态时, 不定式必须加上to。常见的及物动词有:see, watch, make, hear等。例如:

1.People keep food and vegetables cold in the fridge.

→Food and vegetables are kept cold in the fridge.

2.I saw him walk in the street.→He was seen to walk in the street by me.

[中考链接]

1.The girls were askedgo out at night. (2005年湖北武汉)

A.to not B.not C.not to

2.Mary was heardjust now.What happened?John was telling a joke.

A.cry B.to cry C.laugh D.to laugh (2008年江苏南通)

3.I saw him go into the house a moment ago. (改为被动语态)

__________

(2006年江苏宿迁)

被动语态应用总结篇8

一、构成：被动语态由助动be+过去分词构成，时态通过be表现出来。例如：

1.一般现在时：English is spoken by many people.

2.一般过去时：The model plane was made by Tom.

3.一般将来时：The problem will be discussed tomorrow.

4.现在进行时：The road is being widened.

5.过去进行时：The new tool was being made.

6.现在完成时：The work has been finished.

7.过去完成时：He said that the work had been finished.

8.过去将来时：It was said that the building would be finished by next June.

二、一些特殊的被动结构

1.带情态动词的被动结构：

The problem must be solved soon. 这个问题必须尽快解决。

2.带不定式的被动结构：

Betty has never been heard to speak ill of others.

从未听到过贝蒂说别人坏话。

This task needs to be done with great care. 这项工作必须认真去做。

3.短语动词的被动结构：

短语动词的被动结构有以下几种：

1)动词+介词：若这类短语动词是及物的，则可用于被动语态，如：look at, look after, talk about, think of等。若这类短语动词是不及物的，则不可用于被动语态，如：look up, look down等。

The old are well looked after. 老人们得到了很好的照顾。

2)(及物)动词+副词：bring about, carry out, find out, make out, put away, put off, take up, turn down, turn out, wipe out等。

He demanded that the plan should be carried out soon.

他要求尽快实施方案。

3)动词+副词+介词：do away with, face up to, give in to, look down upon, make up for, put up with等。

The poor are always looked down by the rich.

富人总是看不起穷人。

The death penalty has been done away with in many European countries. 许多欧洲国家已废除了死刑。

4)动词+名词+介词：catch sight of, keep an eye on, fix one’s eyes upon, make a fool of, make use of, make fun of, pay attention to, put an end to, set fire to, take notice of等。

Nobody likes to be made fun of. 没有人喜欢被捉弄。

Our spare time should be made use of.

我们应当充分利用业余时间。

Your pronunciation must be paid attention to. 你应该注意发音。

4.带复合宾语的被动结构。动词在改为被动语态时，一般把主动结构中的宾语改成主语，宾语补足语保留在谓语后面。例如：

We always keep theclassroom clean.→The classroom is always kept clean.

三、有些情况需用主动代被动

1)动词want, need, require后用动词的主动式，这时，动名词和句中主语有动宾关系，而不定式需用被动式。例如：

The room needs cleaning/to be cleaned. 房间需要打扫。

The window wants cleaning/to be cleaned. 窗户需要清洗。

2)有些及物动词后须加副词(如well, easily等)；有些可不加，如act, clean, cut, draw, keep, lock, open, play, read, shut, strike, wash, write, measure, weigh等。例如：

The cloth washes/sells well. 这布很好洗(很畅销)。