英语句子单数变复数方法(精选6篇)
英语句子单数变复数方法
1.主格人称代词要变成相应的复数主格人称代词,即I→we, you→you,she,he,it→ they。如:She is a girl.→They are girls.2.am,is要变为are。如: I’m a student.→We are students.3.不定冠词a,an要去掉。如: He is a boy.→They are boys.4.普通单数名词要变为复数形式。如:It is an apple.→They are apples.5.指示代词this,that要变为these,This is a box.→These are boxes.those。如:
可数名词变复数形式的规则
姓名: 1一般情况,在词尾加-s.desk---desks 书桌
girl---girls 女孩
boy---boys
pen---pens 2以-s,-x,-ch,-sh 结尾的词,在词尾加--es
bus---buses
box--boxes
brush--brushes watch--watch 3以辅音字母加-y结尾的词,变y为i,加-es baby-bab婴儿
family--families家庭
4以-f或-fe结尾的词,变f或fe为v,再加-es
knife---knives刀
leaf---leaves树叶
5以辅音字母加-o结尾的词,一般情况下,在词尾加-es tomato---tomatoes西红柿
potato--potatoes马铃薯
6可数名词变为复数形式的不规则变化如下:
foot---feet脚
mouse---mice老鼠
goose---geese鹅
ox---oxen公 牛
man---men男人
woman---women女人
child---children孩子
Chinese--Chinese中国人
deer---deer鹿
sheep---sheep绵羊
fish---fish鱼 同步练习题 把单数变成复数:
box__________
pencil________ watch________
star__________ door__________ window__________ bag__________
bowl_________
book_________
dog_______ cat__________
flower__________-tree_________
chair________________people_______ girl_________________man_________ woman______________policeman_____ policewoman_________tooth_________ goose________________doctor_______ teacher______________child_________ student______________eye___________ ear________________photo__________
map_______________picture_________ desk_______________life____________ leaf_______________half____________ shelf_______________wolf___________ bird_____________panda____________
lion______________fish_____________ deer____________sheep_____________ 1
candy_____________family__________
light__________key______________
baby_____________toy_____________
monkey________tiger____________
car_____________ bus____________
rabbit__________snake___________
cup_____________bottle_____________
animal_________frog____________
lake______________hill_____________
toad____________shoe____________
wall_____________stamp____________
knife____________fan______________
Chinese__________festival___________
glass____________rose____________
mountain____________floor__________ noodle______________fruit__________ dumpling___________apple__________ pear________________vegetable______ grape_______________banana________ cherry______________watermelon_____ orange______________ox____________ foot_______________arm____________ leg________________necklace________ game______________computer_______ mouse_____________dish____________ tomato____________potato___________ onion_____________cabbage_________ kite______________ship_____________ chopstick_________spoon____________ cloth_____________pant_____________ shirt____________hat______________
cap_____________sweater___________ sock____________gift_______________ present_________lantern____________
sister__________brother____________
brush__________bear___________
son__________uncle____________
aunt___________eraser____________
名词可以分为可数名词与不可数名词,其中可数名词具有单复数的形式;而不可数名词没有可数名词复数变化规则如下:
1.一般情况下,直接加-s,如:book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds 2.以s.x.sh.ch结尾,加-es,如:bus-buses, box-boxes, watch-watches 3.以“辅音字母+y”结尾,变y为i, 再加-es,如:family-families, strawberry-strawberries 4.以“f或fe”结尾,变f或fe为v, 再加-es,如:knife-knives 5.以o结尾,有生命的加es, 无生命的加s.如:potato-potatoes.zoo-zoos 6.不规则名词复数:
man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, mouse-mice child-children, foot-feet,.tooth-teeth, fish-fish, sheep-sheep people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese,当people后加上s时即peoples表示“民族”例如There are 56 peoples in China.以下词为常为不可数名词,他们的复数形式就是他们本身。
water(水)milk(牛奶)tea(茶)rice(米饭)orange(橙汁)juice(果汁)bread(面包)
不可数名词的数量关系可借助量词表示,如。a cup of tea two cups of tea
名词复数练习题
1).填入所给名词的正确形式 1.I have two_____(knife)2.There are many _____ here.(box)3.There are many _____ on the road.(bus)4.A few _____ are drawing on the wall.(boy)5.The _____ are playing football now.(child)2)选择填空
1.They come from different ______ A.country B.countries C.a country D.countrys 2.How many ______ do you see in the picture? A.tomatos B.tomatoes C.tomato D.the tomato 3.There are some ______ in these _______.A.knifes„pencil-boxes B.knives„pencils-box C.knives„pencil-box D.knives„pencils-boxes 4.There is no ______ in the plate.A.apples B.oranges C.rice D.eggs 5._______ are good for our health.A.Tomatos B.Tomatoes C.Tomato 6.I like to eat cake with ______.A.cherries B.cherry C.cherrys 7.______ and ______ are not friends.A.Foxs„wolfs B.Foxes„wolfs C.Foxes„wolves 8.Do you want to drink much ? A、a milk B、milk C、milks 9.This is room.It’s very big.A、Lily and Lucy’s B、Lily’s and Lucy’s C、Lily’s and Lucy 10.Do you want some for supper? A、a potato B、potatoes C、potatos 11.In autumn,you can see a lot of on the ground.A、leaf B、leafs C、leaves 12.My sister has two.One is old,the other is new.A、a watch B、watchs C、watches 13.There on the wall.They are very beautiful.A.are photoes B.are photos C.is a photo D.is photos 14.That’a art book.A.an B.a C.the D are 15.There two in the box.A.is watch B.are watches C.are watch D.is watches 3)请用括号中名词的复数形式填空 1. Look at those _______.(child)2. I can see a __________ standing near the door.(policeman)3. Do you want some ________ for dinner?(potato)4. In autumn, you can see a lot of _______ on the ground.(leaf)5. He has two _______.One is blue , the other is yellow.(box)6. Two ________ live in this building.(family)4)选择正确的词形
1. How many(radioes, radios)can you see? 2. There are 36(boys, boies)in my class.3. Look at those(sheeps, sheep).4. I don’t want(a, an)old cup.5. Give me that(box, boxes), please.5)将以下单复数句进行转换
1. This is a knife.______________________________________ 2. That is a tomato.______________________________________ 3. That child is very good._____________________________________ 4.These are mice.______________________________________ 5. Those are children.______________________________________ 6)写出下列单词的复数
1、Children need their parents.
孩子们需要父母。
2、Each unit including the parent company has its own, local management.
包括母公司在内,每个单位都有自己的.地方管理层。
3、Parent birds began to hunt for food for their young.
亲鸟开始为幼鸟寻找食物。
4、This is where a lot of parents go wrong.
这正是很多父母犯错的地方。
5、When you become a parent the things you once cared about seem to have less value.
二、以-is结尾的名词,通常将-is改变为-es。读音变化:尾音[is]改读[i:z]。例:axis→axes;basis→bases;naris→nares;hypothesis→hypotheses;restis→restes
三、以-ix结尾的名词,通常将-ix改变为-ices,但有例外。读音变化:尾音[iks]改读[isi:z]。例:matrix→matrices;directrix→directrices;calix→calices;appendix→appendices 反例:affix→affixes
四、以-um结尾的名词,将-um改变为-a。读音变化:去掉鼻尾音[m]。例:forum→fora;stadium→stadia;aquarium→aquaria;datum→data;vacuum→vacua
五、以-a结尾的名词,在该词末尾加上后辍-e。读音变化:尾音[E]改读[i:]。例:larva→larvae;formula→formulae;ala→alae;media→mediae;hydra→hydrae
六、部分单词的复数形式不变。读音变化:保持原音。例:fish→fish;sheep→sheep;cattle→cattle;deer→deer;salmon→salmon
七、极少数单词,其复数形式没有任何规律。读音变化:没有规律。例:man→men;woman→women;child→children;person→people;ox→oxen 八、一些单数词得加en才能变成复数词: 例:ox→oxen;child→children;brother→brethren 九、一些单数词得改头换面一番,才能变成复数词 例:analysis→analyses分析;basis→bases基础;datum→data数据;foot→feet;formula→formulae/formulas公式;goose→geese;louse→lice虱子;man→men mouse→mice;medium→media/mediums媒介;memorandum→memoranda/memorandums备忘录;parenthesis→parentheses 圆括号;phenomenon→phenomena现象;radius→radii 半径 tooth→teeth;woman→women
十、有些名词是单数、复数不分的 例:deer;fish;cannon;sheep;salmon 鲑鱼;trout 鳟鱼 十一、一些名词虽分单数、复数,但出现次数多的总是单数词 例:abscence;clothing;film;help;furniture家具;machinery机械;news;scenery风景;sugar;traffic交通
十二、另一些名词则以复数词出现的机会较多 例:bellows风箱;clothes;police;shorts短裤;scissors剪刀;spectacles眼镜;shears大剪刀 trousers长裤;wages工资
十三、compound nouns,这类复数词是以主要的名词来表示 例:daughter-in-law→daughters-in-law 媳妇;father-in-law→fathers-in-law岳父 man-of-war→men-of-war兵舰;maid-servant→maid-servants step-son→step-sons晚子;son-in-law→sons-in-law
十四、若表达具体数目,要借助数量词 例:pair(对,双);suit(套);a pair of glasses;two pairs of trousers
十五、另外还有一些名词,其复数形式有时可表示特别意思,例:goods货物,waters水域,fishes(各种)鱼
十六、除人民币元、角、分外,美元、英镑、法郎等都有复数形式。例:a dollar, two dollars;a meter, two meters 以O结尾的词,许多加es构成复数,特别是一些常用词如:heroes,potatoes,tomatoes,echoes,tornadoes,torpedoes,dominoes,vetoes,mosquitoes,Negroes,mangoes,buffaloes,volcanoes但下面几类词只加s:1.以“元音+o”或“oo”结尾的词如:videos,radios,studios,folios,oratorios,embryos,zoos,bamboos,kangaroos,taboos2.一些外来词,特别是音乐方面的词,如:pianos,solos,concertos,tobaccos,mottos,cellos3.一些缩写词和专有名词,如:kilos,photos,memos,micros,Eskimos,Filipnos有个别词加两种词尾都可以,如:archipelago(e)s,halo(e)s,cargoes(英),cargos(美)ps:这个确实是挺麻烦的,需要用心记哟~~
以O结尾的词,许多加es构成复数,特别是一些常用词如:heroes,potatoes,tomatoes,echoes,tornadoes,torpedoes,dominoes,vetoes,mosquitoes,Negroes,mangoes,buffaloes,volcanoes但下面几类词只加s:1.以“元音+o”或“oo”结尾的词如:videos,radios,studios,folios,oratorios,embryos,zoos,bamboos,kangaroos,taboos2.一些外来词,特别是音乐方面的词,如:pianos,solos,concertos,tobaccos,mottos,cellos3.一些缩写词和专有名词,如:kilos,photos,memos,micros,Eskimos,Filipnos有个别词加两种词尾都可以,如:archipelago(e)s,halo(e)s,cargoes(英),cargos(美)ps:这个确实是挺麻烦的,需要用心记哟~~
五、以-f或-fe结尾的名词,多为将-f或-fe改变为-ves,但有例外。读音变化:尾音[f]改读[vz]。例:knife→knives;life→lives;leaf→leaves;staff→staves;scarf→scarves反例:roof→roofs
六、以-us结尾的名词(多为外来词),通常将-us改变为-i构成复数。读音变化:尾音[Es]改读[ai],其中[kEs]要改读为[sai],[gEs]要改读为[dVai]。例:fungus→fungi;abacus→abaci;focus→foci;cactus→cacti;cestus→cesti
七、以-is结尾的名词,通常将-is改变为-es。读音变化:尾音[is]改读[i:z]。例:axis→axes;basis→bases;naris→nares;hypothesis→hypotheses;restis→restes
八、以-ix结尾的名词,通常将-ix改变为-ices,但有例外。读音变化:尾音[iks]改读[isi:z]。例:matrix→matrices;directrix→directrices;calix→calices;appendix→appendices反例:affix→affixes
九、以-um结尾的名词,将-um改变为-a。读音变化:去掉鼻尾音[m]。例:forum→fora;stadium→stadia;aquarium→aquaria;datum→data;vacuum→vacua
十、以-a结尾的名词,在该词末尾加上后辍-e。读音变化:尾音[E]改读[i:]。例:larva→larvae;formula→formulae;ala→alae;media→mediae;hydra→hydrae
十一、部分单词的复数形式不变。读音变化:保持原音。例:fish→fish;sheep→sheep;cattle→cattle;deer→deer;salmon→salmon
十二、极少数单词,其复数形式没有任何规律。读音变化:没有规律。例:man→men;woman→women;child→children;person→people;ox→oxen 十三、一些单数词得加en才能变成复数词:例:ox→oxen;child→children;brother→brethren 十四、一些单数词得改头换面一番,才能变成复数词例:analysis→analyses分析;basis→bases基础;datum→data数据;foot→feet;formula→formulae/formulas公式;goose→geese;louse→lice虱子;man→men mouse→mice;medium→media/mediums媒介;memorandum→memoranda/memorandums备忘录;parenthesis→parentheses圆括号;phenomenon→phenomena现象;radius→radii半径
tooth→teeth;woman→women
十五、有些名词是单数、复数不分的例:deer;fish;cannon;sheep;salmon鲑鱼;trout鳟鱼 十六、一些名词虽分单数、复数,但出现次数多的总是单数词例:abscence;clothing;film;help;furniture家具;machinery机械;news;scenery风景;sugar;traffic交通
十七、另一些名词则以复数词出现的机会较多例:bellows风箱;clothes;police;shorts短裤;scissors剪刀;spectacles眼镜;shears大剪刀
trousers长裤;wages工资
十八、compound nouns,这类复数词是以主要的名词来表示例:daughter-in-law→daughters-in-law媳妇;father-in-law→fathers-in-law岳父
man-of-war→men-of-war兵舰;maid-servant→maid-servants step-son→step-sons晚子;son-in-law→sons-in-law
十九、若表达具体数目,要借助数量词例:pair(对,双);suit(套);a pair of glasses;two pairs of trousers
二十、另外还有一些名词,其复数形式有时可表示特别意思,例:goods货物,waters水域,fishes(各种)鱼
名词的复数形式,一般在单数形式后面加s或es.现将构成规则与读音规则列表如下: 构成方法
读音
例词 在词尾加-s 1.在清辅音后读作 [s ] 2.在浊辅音后读作 [ z ] 1.desk—desks [ s ] 2.map—maps [ s ] 3.field –filelds[ dz] dog—dogs [ z ] sea—seas [ z ] 1.以s、x、sh、ch结尾的名词后加-es 2.如词尾是e,只加-s-(e)s读作[ iz ] 1.classclasses [ iz ] box — boxes [ iz ] dish—dishes[ iz ] watch—watches[ iz ] 2.horse—horses[ iz ] 如词尾为 –f或 –fe ,则一般变为 –ves-ves 读作[ vz ] 1.leaf—leaves[ vz 2.knife—knives[ vz ] 以辅音+y结尾的名词,变y为 i再加-es-ies读作[ iz ] family—families[ iz ] 以元音+y结尾的名词,加-s-s读作[ z ] boy—boys[ z ] 以辅音+o结尾的名词,加-es-es读作[ z ] hero—heroes[ z ] potato—potatoes[ z ] tomato—tomatoes[ z ] 以元音+o结尾的名词,加-s-s读作[ z ] radio—radios[ z ] zoo—zoos[ z ] 以-th结尾的名词,加-s 1.在长元音后,-ths读作[ z ] 2.在短元音或辅音后,-ths读作[ s ] 1.bath—baths[ z ] 2.month—months[ s ] 英语里有一些名词的复数形式不是以词尾-s或-es构成,它们的构成方法主要如下表: 构成方法
例词
变内部元音
foot[ u ]—feet[i: ] man[ ]—men[ e ] mouse[ au ]—mice[ ai ] woman[ ]—women[ e ] 词尾加-en ox—oxen(公牛)child[ ai ]—children[ i ] 形式不变(通形名词----单、复数同形)deer—deer fish—fish sheep—sheep 集合名词
(只有复数,没有单数。)
trousers people(人,人民)glasses(眼镜)名词做定语
1.只在后面名词加复数
2.man, woman随之后面的名词 而变化,后单其单,后复其复。3.sport作定语永远用作复数。1.apple tree—apple trees 2.man doctor—men doctors 3.sports shop sports shoes 表示国籍的名词
(中日不变,英法变,其余词后加s)Chinese—Chinese Japanese—Japanese Englishman—Englishmen Frenchman—Frenchmen American—Americans 动词第三人称单数加“S”的规则
一、动词第三人称单数的变化规则及发音规律
动词原形变第三人称单数的规则与发音规律同名词单数变复数大致相同,请认真观察。
1、大多数动词在词尾加“S”在清辅音后发音为[s],在浊辅音及元音后发音为 [z]。如: ①stop-stops [s];make-makes [s] ②read-reads [z];play-plays [z]
2、以辅音字母加“y”结尾的,要先将“y”变为“i”,然后在加“es”读[iz] 如: fly-flies [z]; carry-carries [z] study-studies [z];worry-worries
3、以“s, x, ch, sh”结尾的,在词尾加“es”,发音为[iz] 如: teach-teaches [iz];watch-watches [iz]
4、以“o”结尾的动词,加“es”,读[z] 如: go-goes [z] do-does [z]
下面几个动词变为单数时,原词的元音部分的发音发生了较大的变化,请注意记忆。如:
1、do [du:]-does [dz]
2、say [sei]-says [sez]
以不发音字母“e”结尾的开音节词,如果尾音是[s],[z]时,加“s”后字母“e”发音,与所加“s”
一起读做[iz]。如: close-closes [iz]
二、对比词形变化中原词词尾变化之异同: 变“y”为“i”现象 双写最后辅音字母现象 例词:
①baby-babies ②carry-carries ③study-studies
动词第三人称单数加“S”与名词复数加“S”的区别
名词复数形式和动词第三人称单数形式性质上截然不同,但它们在构成方式上有异也有同。试比较如下:
一、构成方式的相同点 1.两者一般在词尾加-s清辅音后读作,浊辅音和元音后读作[z]。如:
名词复数:bed(beds), tree(trees), 动词第三称单数:help(helps), play(plays)2.两者以s ,x ,ch ,sh结尾的词,在词尾加-es,原词尾已有e,一般只加-s都读作[iz]。如:
名词复数:box(boxes), orange(oranges)动词第三人称单数:wash(washes), close(closes)3.以辅音字母加-y结尾的词,先变y为i,再加-es,读作[iz]。如:
名词复数:factory(factories), baby(babies)动词第三人称单数:fly(flies), study(studies)
二、构成方式的不同点 1.名词复数方面
(1)有些名词的单、复数形式相同。如:sheep(sheep), Chinese(Chinese)(2)有些名词的复数形式是特殊的,不规则的。如:man(men), child(children)(3)以o结尾的名词,有的加s,也有的加es。如:radio(radios), phono(phonos), tomato(tomatoes)(4)以fe结尾的先变f(e)为v,再加es。如:knife(knives), leaf(leaves)2.第三人称单数形式方面
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