如何让托福写作更具真实性

如何让托福写作更具真实性

如何让托福写作更具真实性 篇1

托福作文提分句式要多样化

众所周知，托福写作考试中对于考生的考察主要集中在大家的英文水平方面，而最能通过写作体现英文水平的地方就是考生用词造句的水平。这不仅能反映考生自身的词汇和句式积累量，更能让大家的实际书面写作能力充分展现在考官面前。换句话说，如果考生写作文一直都用简单句，那么就很可能会被认为英语写作能力不足，不具备对于英语多种句式的实际应用能力。而如果大家能够自然顺畅地写出各类句式，以不刻意的方式合理分配到文章当中，那么自身的写作水平当然会得到认可，作文得分也就有了保障。

托福写作7大常用句型写法实例介绍

了解了托福写作使用多种句式的原因之后，接下来小编就为大家结合实例分享托福写作中常用的一些高分句型句式。

1. 简单句

1. The film is interesting.

这部电影很有趣。

2. The plan worked.

这个计划起作用了。

3. I have seen this film before.

我以前看过这部电影。

4. My mother bought me a book.

我妈妈给我买了本书。

5. The news made me happy.

这个消息使我很高兴。

2. 定语从句

1. Children who are exposed to different cultural influences are more likely to be open-minded.

接受过不同文化熏陶的孩子更可能思维开阔。

2. Students who are unfamiliar with computers will not find a decent job.

不能熟练使用计算机的学生找不到体面的工作。

3. People who travel a lot are less likely to suffer pressure.

经常旅游的人不太可能遭受压力的折磨。

4. English is a practical course that increases students’ opportunity to find a well-paid job.

英语是一门能增加学生找到丰厚薪水工作机会的实用课程。(英语很实用。它能增加学生找到好工作的机会。)

5. The workload that could take months to finish by manual labor could be done flawlessly by robots in minutes.

需要数月人工才能完成的工作量机器数分钟之内就能完美地完成。

6. Genetic engineering allows people to nurture crop varieties that are resistant to drought, thereby improving land productivity.

基因工程使得人们去种植各种能耐干旱从而提升产量的农作物。

7. The government should ensure equal access to education, which can help tackle poverty.

政府应该确保人们接受教育的平等机会，这能帮助人脱贫。

8. People with a heavy workload do not have adequate time to exercise, which can be harmful to their fitness.

工作量过重的人没有足够的时间去训练，这个对他们身体健康有害。

9. Demand for various commodities creates a huge market for the local and international businesses, which in turn increases demand for the labor market.

对不同商品的需求为当地和国际公司创造了一个巨大的市场，这返过来又能增加劳工市场。

10. Students should be encouraged to acquire computer skills which can be applied in their studies as well as their working lives.

应该鼓励学生掌握电脑操作技能，这个在学习和生活中都能用到。

3. 状语从句

1. Generally, air will be heavily polluted where there are factories.

一般来讲，有工厂的地方空气污染都会很严重。

2. University is a place where knowledge is disseminated.

大学是传播知识的地方。

3. If a student wants to learn about job-specific information, they don’t need to sit in a classroom to get it.

如果学生想要得到特定的工作信息，他们不用坐在教室里去了解。

4. While traditional buildings might look nice from the outside, they are often not very user-friendly.

传统建筑也许外面看起来很好，但通常不是很实用。

5. While there are both benefits and drawbacks to watching TV, it is obvious that the pros outweigh the cons.

尽管看电视既有利又有弊，但是很明显利大于弊。

6. Despite the importance of international cooperation, countries should take the initiative to implement some changes.

尽管国际合作很重要，但是国家应该采取措施去实施一些变革。

7. Though he was inexperienced, he did a very good job.

虽然他没有工作经验，但他干的很好。

8. Although these technologies are advantageous, what worries people is that the decrease in communication may provoke a sense of alienation.

尽管这些技术很有益，但人们担心这些技术使人们沟通减少从而感到疏远。

4. 主语从句

1. Whether universities should provide students with job preparation is a controversial issue.

大学应不应该为学生提供工作准备是一个有争议的话题。

2. Whether the increase of teachers’ salaries can solve the low-quality education problem is a controversial issue.

增加老师工资是否能够解决教育质量的低下是一个有争议的话题。

3. It is obvious that we are living in an information age.

很明显我们生活在信息时代。

4. What most companies and workforces need are not robots, but creative people who can contribute ideas.

大多数公司和劳动力市场需要的不是机器，而是具有创造性思维的人。

5. What they need most is a few hours of relaxation.

他们最需要的是休息几个小时。

6. What governments should do is to create policies to encourage the use of public transportation.

政府应该做的是制定政策鼓励人们使用公众交通工具。

5. 宾语从句

1. I think that a good command of English is indispensable.

我认为熟练掌握英语是不可缺少的。

2. I believe that this practice enables students from less well-off backgrounds to have equal access to higher education.

我认为这种做法能让没有很好家庭背景的人拥有平等的接受高等教育的权力。

3. Many people believe that higher education is necessary if one wants to live a prosperous life.

大多数人认为如果想成功，接受高等教育是必要的。

6. 同位语从句

1. Nowadays, an increasing number of people are concerned about the phenomenon that our kids are spending more time watching TV.

当今，越来越多的人担心孩子花费越来越多的时间在看电视上。

2. I agree with the view that not only governments but every single citizen should do one’s part to fix this problem.

我同意这个观点：不仅政府而且每一位公民都应该为解决这个问题贡献一点力量。

3. The fact that parents and children are under enormous pressure from work and school demonstrates that a few hours’ relaxation is indispensable.

父母和孩子面对着巨大的工作和学习压力的事实，表明几个小时的休息时间是不可缺少的。

4. There is a saying that family instability causes social instability.

常言道：家庭不稳定导致社会不稳定。

7. 表语从句

1. The reason why he was dismissed is that he was careless and irresponsible.

他被开除的原因是他粗心和不负责任。

2. Women are much too preoccupied with family. Once the marriage begins to disintegrate, they’re lost. That’s where their unhappiness springs from and that’s why most divorced mothers regard themselves as victims.

妇女对家庭都太过投入了。一旦婚姻瓦解，她们就什么都没了。那就是他们不开心的根源和为什么大多数离婚的母亲都认为自己是受害者的原因。

3. Change is what keeps us fresh and innovative. Change is what keeps us from getting stale. Change is what keeps us young.

改变使我们保持创新。改变使我们远离陈腐。改变让我们永葆青春。

4. This is because it is young people in our society who are able to impose changes.

这是因为我们社会中的年轻人才能带来改变。(此句子中有一个强调句)

5. Another reason for this is that old buildings, like native languages, form a cultural identity and keep a unique record of a country.

另一个原因是：旧建筑，就像母语一样，组成了文化特征，保存了一个国家独有的记录。

托福考试复习攻略之写作语法常见错误

托福写作常用语法有哪些?

一、名词(N.)

名词是一个词，主要充当“主”和“宾”。其实，名词还可以是一个句子(即：一个句子充当主句中的一个名词)。由于名词主要用作“主”和“宾”，故常见的名词性句子有：“主语从句”和“宾语从句”。

二、动词(V.)

动词主要充当“谓”，在句法中，动词的主要表现形式是——“非谓语”：ING(主动)、ED(被动)、To do(不定式)。

三、形容词(Adj.)

形容词常用来修饰名词，形容词也可以是一个句子(即：一个句子充当主句中的一个形容词)。由于形容词主要用作“定语”，故常见的形容词性句子有：定语从句(限定性 & 非限定性)。

四、副词(Adv.)

副词的基本功能是修饰动词(V.)和形容词(Adj.)，同时也可以用来修饰整个句子，起强调、突出的作用。副词最大的一个特点就是：被删去后，不影响主句的完整。在英语世界里，也存在这样一类副词性的句子，叫做状语从句。

托福写作常见语法错误

1、不一致(Disagreements)所谓不一致不光指主谓不一致，它还包括了数的不一致时态不一致及代词不一致等。

2、修饰语错位(Misplaced Modifiers)英语与汉语不同，同一个修饰语置于句子不同的位置，句子的含义可能引起变化。

3、句子不完整(Sentence Fragments)在口语中，交际双方可借助手势语气上下文等，不完整的句子完全可以被理解。可是书面语就不同了，句子结构不完整会令意思表达不清，这种情况常常发生在主句写完以后。

4、悬垂修饰语(Dangling Modifiers)所谓悬垂修饰语是指句首的短语与后面句子的逻辑关系混乱不清。例如：At the age of ten， my grandfather died. 这句中“at the age of ten”只点出十岁时，但没有说明“ 谁”十岁时。按一般推理不可能是my grandfather， 如果我们把这个悬垂修饰语改明确一点，全句就不那么费解了。

5.词性误用(Misuse of Parts of Speech)“词性误用”常表现为：介词当动词用;形容词当副词用;名词当动词用等。

6、指代不清(Ambiguous Reference of Pronouns)指代不清主要讲的是代词与被指代的人或物关系不清，或者先后所用的代词不一致。

7、不间断句子(Run-on Sentences)什么叫run-on sentence?请看下面的例句。

8、措词毛病(Troubles in Diction)Diction 是指在特定的句子中如何适当地选用词语的问题，作文中用词不当的错误比比皆是。

9、累赘(Redundancy)言以简洁为贵。写句子没有一个多余的词;写段落没有一个无必要的句子。能用单词的不用词组;能用词组的不用从句或句子。

10、不连贯(Incoherence)不连贯是指一个句子前言不对后语，或是结构上不畅通。这也是考生常犯的毛病。

11、综合性语言错误(Comprehensive Misusage)所谓“综合性语言错误”，是指除了上述十种错误以外，还有诸如时态，语态，标点符号，大小写等方面的错误。

托福写作语法不会用怎么办?

托福作文语法有问题，看语法书其实解决的问题有限。

方法一：语法问题可以通过做翻译句子练习。可以找到新概念2册的课文，练习中文翻译成英文，可以帮助你理解语法。

方法二：直接找好的托福写作范文，先翻译成中文，再翻译回去，把每个句子弄明白

方法三：对于动词的用法，通常我们的学习是要大量背诵的。而且注意背诵的时候不要只背单词，要背词组。所以大家可以多背诵一些动词词组。

方法四：你可以摘抄外国人写的文章里的动词词组。这是可以短期突击的。

托福写作解析：先看电影再看书

托福写作解析：

Many filmmakers make movies based on books. some people prefer to read the book before they watch the movie, while other people prefer to watch the movie before they read the book. Which one do you prefer?

托福写作思路：

选择先看电影再看书：

1. 可以省时间。

2. 可以有更多惊喜。

3. 让步：先看书能够在看电影的时候更好的理解内容。

Key sentences:

1、For one thing, watching movies before reading the books will help save time.

2、For another, watching movies will provide people with more surprises.

3、Granted, reading before watching movies offers people more opportunities to better understand the contents and plots in movies.

key words & phrases:

save time, deprive sb. of the chance to do, offer sb. sth. render sth. sth. comprehend, plot

托福写作范文参考：

Reading books and watching movies are two most common entertainments. Nowadays, more and more popular books are adapted to movies by filmmakers. In the coexistence of books and films, some people prefer to read the book before watching the movie. Others are willing to read the book after they have watched the movie. From my opinion, I will choose the latter option.

First and foremost, watching movies is easier for people to be understood and it is more vivid. Movies present story from various aspects, such as visually and acoustically. People can feel characters’ emotions from actors’ performances, their facial expressions and even background music. With the advancement of cinematography, filmmakers invented 3D (three dimensional), 4D and even 5D movies. This provides fully immersive, totally convincing virtual reality for people and further enhances the experiences of the stories. In contrast, books just use numerous words to express the plots and feelings without any images and sounds. It might be very abstract for people who cannot understand the true intentions of the author. If readers cannot understand the contents very well, they will not comprehend the ideas that writers intend to convey. Compared to long-windedness in books, it is audio-visual experiences from movies that engage people interests, leaving them a more profound impression about what happened. So, watching movies first is better.

Furthermore, watching movies is more efficient and will arouse people’s interests to read the book. As we all know, it takes people about two hours to watch a movie, whereas, people have to spend a few weeks or even months to finish reading a whole book. From the perspective of time, watching movies is time-saving. Besides, after watching a movie, people can get a general picture about the corresponding book. If people are attracted by the movie, they will read the book, while they can choose to give up the book if they are not interested in the movie. It is undeniable that some plots would be adapted and even be abridged when they are performed in the movie. But, in this way, our imagination can be fully stimulated and this people will be intrigued with what talk about in the book. Then, after watching the movie, people will full of curiosities to explore the contents in the book. In fact, some books are rarely known by people, but after making movies based on these books, these books become increasingly best-selling. Therefore, I prefer to watch movies before reading books.

In general, although the plots in the book are more coherent and accurate, the slight adaptations in the movie do not affect the understanding of the theme of entire the story. I still hold the opinion that watching the movie before people read the book is better because the watching movies is more vivid and efficient.

如何让托福写作更具真实性 篇2

一.1个月如何复习托福独立写作

正常来说，写作备考应该有一个初期词汇和素材积累的过程，但是我们现在来说只有一个月复习时间的话，我们直接从范文开始看，不再单独去积累词汇和素材。很多学生也知道通过看范文来充实自己的写作食粮，然而往往看与不看貌似没神马差别。首先，阅读高分及满分范文，不是去赏析一篇散文，阅读过程中需要我们去分析范文中的词汇、句式以及一些素材，然后把这些内容都做一个积累本。一篇范文看完后，学习到哪些内容应该自己再去总结一下，最后在自己写作的时候尽量的去套用。范文建议分类别看，比如我们集中看5篇教育类范文，就可以积累相对应的教育类作文常用的素材和词汇，那么自己写教育类作文的时候就可以把积累下来的词和素材得以运用。

二.1个月如何复习托福综合写作

一个复习托福综合写作的话，综合写作部分的练习建议在模考软件中按照考试流程来进行，在规定的时间内读阅读、听听力、然后计时写作，写的过程中注意以下几点：1. 单词的拼写，边打字边检查;2. 三单的问题，也就是每句话的谓语要重点关注语态和时态;3. 不能出现与阅读内容连续超过6words的重复，也就是说写作中需要用到阅读内容时必须要自己改写;4. 注意听力内容的转述，不要盲目概括，要清楚听力内容的逻辑;5. 不要去套用网络上盛行的各种模板，自己的创新更重要。

托福写作范文:政府保护自然环境应采取什么措施

此题为三选一

What is the most important action for the government to take for the protection of environmental problems? Fund researches on new energy sources such as solar and wind power? Protect forests and natural wildlife species? Pass and enforce laws to reduce the pollution.

三选一类题目会给出三个选项A, B, C让学生去选择一个。这种题的答题方法为开头段-正文段第一段B好-正文段第二段B的另一个优点-正文段第三段B比A好/A的缺点和B比C好/C的缺点-结尾段。

托福独立写作真题回顾

What one of the following is the most important action for the government to take for the protection of natural environment?

(1)fund research on new energy sources such as solar and wind power;

(2)preserve natural places such as forests and natural wildlife species.

(3)pass and enforce laws to reduce the pollution produced by companies and industries

点睛：

题目大意：对政府来说，要想保护自然环境，政府最应该采取哪项措施：资助研究新能源，保护栖息地和动物，制定法规来减少公司的污染排放。 此题目为三选一的题目，波波提醒各位小伙伴，对于这样的题目，我们有两点要做到：1.必须要清楚选出一个选项，2.三个选项在整篇文章论述中务必都要提到。只要能做到上述两点即可，所以三选一题目的写作结构非常灵活，下面是波波选择的一种写法，仅供参考。

托福写作模板及参考答案：

托福写作范文参考一:

2016年6月25日托福独立写作范文：

Taking a panoromic view of human history, we can readily find that the natural environment plays an enormously important role in determing the future of each and every country. Given the great significance of clean environment, the general public as well as the governors begin to wonder which is the most essential action to protect the environment, among funding new energy research, preserving natural habitat or enacting strict laws. Towards such a long-running tug-of-war, I am inclined to argue that national governments should invest financial support in developing new energy sources.

Initially, spending more money in discovering new energy can radically solve the various environmental problems. As is common sense, the deteriorating environment is the result of the overexploitation of fossil fuels, including coal, oil and natural gas. To be specific, numerous chemical plants usually burn the coal to provide power for manufacturing all kinds of goods designed to satisfy the basic needs of the general public. As a result, a large amounts of industrial wastes are discharged to take a toll on the natural environment. Also, an increasing number of petrol-powered automobiles will definitely emit car exhause(e.g. fumes and toxic gas), which can increase the likelihood of the public suffering from respiratory diseases. All the above problems related to environment can be resolved by find new and clean energy like solar energy, wind power and tidal power. Undoubtedly, replacing the traditional energy with the new ones can dramatically decrease the pollution and contamination, thus leading to a better living environment. For example, once the cars uses the electricity instead of petrol, the air quality will improve to a large extent.

Secondly, there are conspicuous limitation of the other two options. As for preserving natural places, the effect of this practice is relatively restricted. To illustrate, the traditional energy sources are usually exploited and discovered in the natural places. Consequently, the preservation of natural places will hinder the access to various energy and thus impede the progress of the whole society. Also, the same logic applies to passing laws to reduce pollution. It is an indisputable fact that across the globe, many countries now are heaviely dependent on the industries and factories which produce pollutions. In other words, once the law of punishing these companies is enforced, these corporation may have to cut down their output and make less profits, even ending up going bankcrupt. Accordingly, the national economy and the living standard of the public will suffer too.

Factoring what has been discussed above, we can conclude that funding research of environmental friendly energy will be more preferable, because finding proper alternative energy is the key to solving the environmental problems comprehensively.

托福写作写作参考二:

托福独立写作范文：

The statement above attempts to assert whether funding on environmental friendly resources, preserving wildlife species, or enforcing laws to be the most crucial way to protect the environment has long been centered in dispute. Too often people hold the idea inventing new energy resources and passing laws could be effective ways to eradicate environmental related issues. However, as far as I am concerned protecting plants and animals would be a much more direct and sufficient solution.

To the extent that species extinction is the result of anthropogenic events such as direct or indirect human activities and further threaten the delicate balance which all animal including human beings depend upon. Thus protecting the forests and natural wildlife species has the priority to be dealt with. For example, the extinction of the dodo, a flightless bird endemic to the Indian Ocean island of Mauritius, was directly attributable to human activity. As the nature is an intricate matrix of interdependent relationships, in which each species depends on many others for its survival, the dying out of Dodo caused a certain native tree whose seeds dispersed by Dodo, extinct either. Nowadays, many species face the similar circumstance either and it greatly results in human being’s greedy. To make mechanic profit, the underground dealers trade the skin of the Siberian Tiger, and horn of the Tibetan Antelope and the African Elephant, making those animals hardly ensure the preservation. For protecting the balanced ecosystem, human beings should place a very high affirmative duty to protect wildlife species.

In addition, many species possess great values to human race, some of which are not realized by human yet, requiring people to protect them without any effort. Thermal insulation and conductive resistance enables latex, extracting from the rubber tree, to be the essential component of industrial products for daily uses, such as rubber gloves and rubber sheath. Not only plants play an important role in industrial field, but works for medical perspective as well, especially function as Chinese herbal medicine. For instance, marijuana provides relief from pain and Lianqiao helps with heat removing. If cutting down most of the rubber trees and herbal species, we will leave limited resources for our future generation. For the reason above, it is essential for human beings contribute more on wildlife species protection to handle environmental resources shortage problems.

Admittedly, allocate money on new energy and pass laws to reduce pollution have the merit, however, they are impractical. Take spending on natural energy as an example. On the one threshold, with the technology we have now, the energy sources are not stable and even costly. Wind and solar energy cannot be obtained on a calm and cloudy day. On the other one, they cost the country a lot. I do not deny that wind and solar energy, cleaner energy as they are, would be a wiser choice for developed counties who have money and resources to solve the carbine dioxide, sulfur dioxide, and toxic gases relevant problems and to a great extend release environmental pressure, such as global warming jeopardy. However, when it comes to developing countries, poverty, higher unemployment rate, and high inflation are all problems that developing countries need to worry about. The better solution is to encourage factories to produce more goods and services. To cut down the costs, it is inevitable to produce air and water pollutions. Passing laws and inventing impede the economic growth on a large scale.

In sum, considering the financial and practical analyzing, it is safe to conclude that preserve wildlife species is the most important action to protect the natural environment rather than creating new energy and enforcing laws.

托福写作范文:搬去新地方会失去老朋友吗

Agree or disagree:it is often not a good city to move to a new city or a new country because you will lose touch with old friends.

真题重现

It is not a good thing to move to a new cityor country because we will lose old friends.

2016年3月26日托福独立写作解析

该题目从题型分类上来讲，不属于常见题型(绝对型、对比型、建议型)，其最显著的特征是题目本身带有一个因果关系：因为会失去老朋友，所以搬到一个新地方不是一件好的事情。严格来讲，如果从同意的角度来写，思路可能会受到题目的限制，即只能想到从失去老朋友这个角度来论证搬去新地方不好。所以这种题目从不同意的角度更容易写出逻辑严谨，内容丰富的文章。下面的范文采取不同意的立场，主体段第一段写，搬去新地方不见得会失去老朋友，因为通讯工具日益发达;第二个主体段写，就算老朋友有些疏远，也不能因此断定搬去新地方不好，反而可以开始一段新生活、了解新的文化、结交新的朋友。

托福写作模板及参考答案：

托福写作范文参考一:

2016年3月26日托福独立写作范文 (新东方 周徐敏)

As the technology of public transportation keeps advancing, more citizens can choose to dwell in the cities that are beneficial to their own development. Inevitably, there occurs a controversy whether moving to a new city or country will lead to the rupture of relationship among friends. From my perspective, I think the statement is not sensible.

Firstly, moving to a new country or city will not result in the loss of old friends. To be more specific, the maintenance of friendship doesn’t lie in how far they live with each other and the development of technology has diversified the ways of interacting with friends. The invention of cellphones break the shackles caused by distance and overseas students can choose to communicate with their family members and friends through a variety of Apps like WeChat that makes video calls possible. Except for that, by looking at the pictures popping up all over the social media like Facebook, people can easily capture what is happening to their friends. For instance, my friend Selina took selfie in the Sydney Opera House a week ago and I would learn that she was having fun in the Australia with her picture posted on the Instagram. Therefore, a wide range of advanced electronic gadgets can be used to sustain friendship.

Moreover, instead of losing old friends, city migrants can even enlarge their social circles and achieve more success. Restricted in a city for a long period, people may be trapped in a situation that would block their development and they can gain refreshing experience while immigrating to a new city. My friend of Mine named Michael served as a Market Analyst in a renewed company in Beijing. However, he couldn’t see any progress in recent years and then an opportunity comes out. Because of his five-year working experience, a foreign trade cooperation tried to recruit him as the Market Analyst because the firm was planning to start a new program. Then he grasped the chance and earn a challenging life that he likes even though he was required to work in Shanghai. Our relationship have not experienced any interruption and his strong ability of being adapted to the new environment helps him to make lots of new friends. Accordingly, moving to a new city can, occasionally, help to break the deadlock in our professions.

Admittedly, it can be sensible that friends can be estranged owing to the long distance with each other. Specifically speaking, the chances to meet with each other will be limited a lot. However, as I just put, for one thing, people can talk with each other through various social network software. For another thing, the distance between cities is not a problem anymore since there have been many public transportation tools like the high-speed trains and airplanes that will lead us to anyplace we try to go in a very short period.

In a word, moving to a new city or a new country is good choice under some circumstance. Besides, the highly developed technology can help to strengthen the relations with our friends and the possibilities of living a different life and achieving success can both explain why I stand by the statement that it is a good thing to move to a new city. (546 words )

如何避免托福写作低分 篇3

通常，考生在对托福综合和独立写作而言，经常会遇到一个问题，就是总突破不了高分的问题。说白了就是独立写作需要考生怎么样去思考，是否需要提供观点，或者综合部分需要进行哪些思考。今天小站君就为大家好好分析一下写作上不了高分的问题和解决方案方案。首先，我们需要明确的是综合写作不需要我们表达任何自己的观点，只需要忠实重现听力与阅读的反驳关系就可以了。而独立部分，需要考生举例要详实，更要论证全面，语言表达还要地道。同时兼顾逻辑和语言上的要求，才能使独立部分有所突破。

此外，谈到综合写作部分，我们通常会觉得需要背很多很多复杂的模板以及生僻的高大上的生词。其实不是这样的，对于综合部分，我们需要加强的是听力能力。但需要明确的是这并不是说我们疯狂练习精听，能把听力的内容忠实记录下来就能帮助写作达到满分。有些同学的答题策略永远是听力的笔记能记多少记多少，写作的时候听力部分的内容能写多少写多少。这些同学认为这样就能确保自己满分，综合写作写到300字以上(综合写作考题的题干认为150-225字就可以做到“有效”回应)。其实这种往往会导致得低分，也就是我们说的言之无物。

在托福独立和综合写作部分，我们需要知道的是听力记下来的观点不能直接照搬到综合部分来。很多考生都会忽视这点，导致自己的综合部分就变成默写听力的内容，并没有让考官觉得自己是在叙说自己的看法。那些考生都会自作主张的认为综合部分就是在进一步考察听力。其实如果你们细致的读题会发现题目要求的写作是“ Summarize the lecture ”，而我们却没有总结。稍有常识的人都能明白，听写≠总结。如果我们再去OG里面看一下综合写作的5分评分标准的话，我们就会发现这样的语句——“ response at this level successfully selects the important information from the lecture……(5分的回答能够从听力材料中选取重要信息……)”。很明显，这两条信息都表明，“综合写作尽可能无差别地多写听力”不是拿到5分的写作策略。

在谈到如何把听力内容移到在作文上来，很多考生采用的写作模板形式是：“阅读认为……听力不同意这个观点……听力说……”。这种写作模板里面唯一连接听力和阅读的一句话是“听力不同意阅读的观点”。这算有效地指出“听力如何对阅读的观点进行反驳”吗?当然不是。任何写作，不论是综合写作还是独立写作还是一般的英文写作里面的一个重要的理念就是“空口无凭，展示为据(to show, not merely to say) ”。这就要求我们在“听力如何反对阅读”上面做到说清“听力认为阅读在哪里犯了什么样的错误”。很明显，这样的要求就不是一句T “ he lecturer does not agree with this point ”能够解决的了。

综上所述，如何综合和独立想要拿到满分，我们除了需要保证自己没有明显的语法错误，不要强行把听力内容直接默写到写作上来。不用偏难怪词秀自己的单词量，不写从句套从句的“长难句”，不写“通篇只有主谓宾”的流水账;能做到长短句结合，逻辑拆分简单合理，举例论证逻辑连贯，故事讲述用词生动，语言风格娓娓道来，写作就能取得很好的成绩。

托福语法技巧：名词类别与用途

英语中名词可以分为四类：

普通名词：

dog狗man男人table桌子

专有名词：

France法兰西Madrid马德里Mrs Smith史密斯夫人 Tom汤姆

抽象名词：

beauty美丽 charity慈善courage勇气 fear恐惧joy快乐

集合名词：

crowd人群flock畜群group组swarm大群team队

名词的用途有：

作动词的主语：

Tom arrived.

汤姆到了。来源：考试大

作be，become，seem等系动词的表语：

Tom is an actor.

汤姆是个演员。

作动词的宾语：

I saw Tom.

我看到了汤姆。

作介词的宾语：

I spoke to Tom.

我跟汤姆说话。

名词也可以所有格形式出现：

Tom’s books汤姆的书

托福语法技巧：名词的“性”

阳性：男人、男孩和雄性动物(代词为he/they)。

阴性：女人、女孩和雌性动物(代词为she/they)。

中性：无生命的东西，不知性别的动物，有时也指不知性别的婴儿(代词为it/they)。

例外情况：

轮船是阴性。有时对汽车或其他运载工具表示喜爱或尊重时，也认为它们是阴性。国家的名称通常也认为是阴性。

The ship struck an iceberg，which tore a huge hole in her side.

船碰在一座冰山上，船帮被撞出一个大洞。

Scotland lost many of her bravest men in two great rebellions.

在两次大起义中，苏格兰失去了许多极勇敢的男子汉。

指人的阳性/阴性名词

阴、阳性不同的形式：

(a)boy男孩 girl女孩

bachelor单身汉 spinster未婚女子

bridegroom新郎 bride新娘

father父亲 mother母亲

gentleman先生 lady女士

husband丈夫 wife妻子

man男人 woman女人

nephew侄子 niece侄女

son儿子 daughter女儿

uncle伯伯，叔叔 aunt伯母，婶婶

widower鳏夫 widow寡妇

主要的特例(即没有性的区别)有：

baby婴儿来源：考试大

child孩子

cousin堂(表)兄弟/姐妹

infant幼儿来源：考试大

parent父亲，母亲

relation亲属

relative亲戚

spouse配偶

teenager青少年

(b)duke公爵 duchess女公爵，公爵夫人

earl伯爵 countess女伯爵，伯爵夫人

king国王 queen女王，王后

lord勋爵 lady夫人

prince王子 princess公主

指职业的大多数名词的阴、阳性形式相同：

artist艺术家

assistant助理/店员

cook厨师

dancer舞蹈演员

driver司机

doctor医生

guide向导

托福语法技巧：名词的“性”(2)

主要的特例有：

actor男演员 actress女演员

conductor(公交车辆)男售票员 conductress(公交车辆)女售票员

heir后嗣，继承人 heiress嗣女，女继承人

hero男英雄，男主人公 heroine女英雄，女主人公

host男主人 hostess女主人

manager男经理 manageress女经理

stewad男乘务员 stewardess女乘务员

waiter男侍者 waitress女侍者

也可以说salesman(售货员)，saleswoman(女售货员)等。但有时用-person来代替-man与-woman：

salesperson(男/女)售货员

spokesperson(男/女)发言人

C 家禽、家畜和许多较大的野禽、野兽由不同的词来表示它们的性别：

bull公牛 cow母牛

cock公鸡 hen母鸡

dog公狗 bitch母狗

duck公鸭 drake母鸭

gander公鹅 goose母鹅

lion雄狮 lioness母狮

ram公羊 ewe母羊

stag牡鹿 doe 牝鹿

stallion公马，种马 mare母马

tiger公老虎 tigress母老虎

托福写作如何利用词汇 篇4

托福写作如何利用词汇

一般来说，托福写作词汇使用有3方面的技巧：选词时要符合语言习惯并与社会文化诸多背景一致;选词时要考虑主题、对象及情景;应把握好英语和汉语词汇无法对应的部分。

技巧

一、托福写作词汇的选择要符合语言习惯

由于东西方社会历史文化的差异，许多词所引申或代表的内容也大相径庭，Phoenix在西方象征“复活”、“再生”，而汉语的这一词却表示“祥瑞”。

如果没有广泛的阅读积累，养成经常查字典的良好习惯，单凭想当然地选词，势必会词不达意。即使同一事物，在美国和英国也可能有不同的表达。

技巧

二、在托福写作考试中特别要注意区分同义词

由于历史的原因，现代英语除本族语外，还包括大量的法语和拉丁来源的饲，这就使英语的同义词相当丰富。总的来讲，英语本族语大多是短词，小词，听起来朴素)亲切，大量用于口头表达：法语来源的词庄重文雅，多与行政、宗教、军事、服饰等有关;拉丁来源的词，书卷味浓，如ask，question，inter-rogate这三个不同来源的同义词在不同的主题、对象、情景下用法就不一样。同义词除了来源的不同会影响措词的选择外，它们在程度、感情色彩上也有不同。

比如“瘦”可以用slender，slim，lean，thin，underweight，gaunt，lanky，skinny等来表达，而sleder表示“苗条”是褒义的，skinny却是贬义的，underweight则是中性的词。即使同是褒义词，表达的感情色彩也不同。比如little和petite两个同义词当用来描绘女子时，都意为“个子小”的，但petite同时还有“匀称”的意义，而 little更强调“可爱的”或“可怜的”，根据不同的上下文，它还有“纤小”、“娇小”或“弱小”等不同意义。因此在选词表达思想时，一定要分清主题，对象及情景。技巧

三、措词选择应把握好英语和汉语词汇无法对应的部分

不是所有的托福写作词汇都有相应的汉语表达，一些不同的英语词汇也有可能用同样的汉语来表达，这就使我们在用英语来表达思想对面临更多选择上的困难。比如 family和home两词都可译成汉语的“家”，但它们却不是同义词。Family主要指家庭成员，与人有关，而home主要指所居住的地点、住宅。Except和besides有时都译成同样的汉语“除了”，但他们的意思却是相反的。

如何提升托福写作框架结构 篇5

一.托福写作框架

托福写作的构思主要是指规划文章的整体框架结构，也就是我们通常说的写提纲。写提纲是为了帮助考生确定并理清自己的思维，在写中间段的时候有话可说，保证充实具体。由于考场上时间有限，考生必须在平时练就快速构思的本领，那么在托福写作中我们的思路应该怎么走呢?

二.关于写作框架的共性问题

发现在准备写作的过程中，学生的一个主要疑问就是觉得自己写的文章不够有特点，不够有意思，不够深奥。由此引发出的一个现象就是学生不敢写自己立刻就想到的，最贴近生活的内容，而总是想着如何创新。这个问题的严重性不容忽视。因为这种两难境地大到开遍布局，小到措辞举例。无处不在。最严重的结果就是学生举步维艰。

三.如何提升拓谷写作框架结构

为了解决这个问题我们不妨先来研究一下学生为什么会产生这种思维。很容易理解，大家都觉得众所周知的内容没有意思，没有新鲜感。即便是应试作文，也确实如此。如果阅卷人读完了全部文章，觉得其内容丝毫没有任何独特之处，任何道理例子都是社会评价体系重复过无数次，或者自己已经熟知的。那必然会觉得有些无聊。一旦他的这种心理被唤醒，很难说这种心理状态不会影响到最后的分数。因为人为给分机制多少都会有主观因素。

于是最直接的想法就是，对这些内容避而不谈。转而去寻求一些深奥、常人通常不懂的内容。但这样做有两个问题。其一是这样的内容应用到文章本身就很困难，要求写作的人知识有积淀，内涵有深度。这是短期培训班无法企及的目标。其二是这样的内容，若处理不当，读起来是很让人痛苦的。因为读者有可能真的不懂。

似乎这个问题到此无法圆满的解决。但其实这是一个错误两难。因为除了常识和深奥的知识，还有一类信息是我们可以用的。即，虽然很普通简单，但是阅卷人并不知道的事情或道理。例如你自己的生活经验，你的阅历体验，你的价值观念，你的喜好与厌恶等等。这些源自生活的感想和经历，说出来别人可以立刻明白，而且不会觉得枯燥无聊。因为他没有这么活过。这和写剧本或者写小说是一样的。其内容本身并没有什么晦涩难懂的，有意思的地方是，即便很平常，它也是你没接触过的生活与思维方式。这样的电影也好，小说也好，文章也好，都能够给人非常鲜活的、再活一次的体验。这样的内容给了读者一次机会去以另外一个个体的视角来审视、理解、解释世界。而这本身就像一次探险。只要有未知，自然就会唤起人们的兴趣。如果我们能充分利用这一点，写出用意思又有特点的作文并不是一件难事。

托福写作提升需要提升写作框架结构，但是不建议大家标新立异去写一些自己驾驭不了的内容。托福写作框架拟定要来源于生活，不与一些模板范文重复即可。希望大家在平时练习写作的时候能够注意这一点。

托福写作模板：社会重要问题能否在有生之年解决

题目：Do you agree or disagree with the following statement:The most important problems affecting society will be solved during my lifetime.Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.

范文1：Argument 1 (for)

Although the problems facing the world today may seem surmountable, I think that some of the most important ones will be solved during my lifetime. Even now, experts are working on solutions to live healthier lives, to provide food for the growing world population, and to equalize the difference between advanced and developing nations.

Health issues are a major concern, and the key to solving them rests in understanding how the human body works. We now have unraveled the DNA sequence, which was one of the biggest hurdles to cross. Instead of mysterious interactions between chemicals and bodies that seem to produce different results every time, medicine is turning into a black-and-white technologywhere one factor has a certain response. As we decipher the genetic code, we get better at interpreting how our bodies will react. Within my lifetime, there will probably be a cure for cancerand a method for controlling plagues. There will no longer be victims suffering from degenerative diseases or even mental illnesses.

Another major problem is how to feed the growing world population. Solutions are on the horizonfor both factors involved. One issue is producing enough food, and efficient agricultural practices such as vertical farming and hydroponics are already increasing the food generated per acre. The other factor is to get the food to people who need it. In reality, thousands of pounds of perfectly acceptable food are disposed of daily. For example, restaurants and caterers discard unused meals, and farmers with bumper crops let food rot on the vine because it cannot be sold locally.Therefore, if better agricultural practices are coupled with better storage and transportation to get the food where it is needed, the problem of feeding the world’s population is solved.

Finally, another pressing concern is the giant rift between advanced nations and developing ones. Children in one area have their own bedrooms and smart phones while children in another area are lacking the necessities of a roof, sanitary water and food, and medical care. This rift can be closed if countries work together. Businesses can locate production facilities in poor regions that will benefit from the influx of jobs. If companies subsidize schools and hospitals, they can increase the educational levels and health of their employees, creating a more efficient work force. If governments do everything possible to facilitate such programs, developing nations will have a chance to compete in the modern world.

At first, solving health problems, ensuring for food distribution, and eliminating the gap between rich and poor countries may seem impossible goals. However, I think they will be addressed during my lifetime.

to equalize the difference between A and B 去平衡 A 和 B 之间的差距

a black-and-white technology 一种黑白分明的科技

a cure for cancer 一种治疗癌症的方法

on the horizon 即将来临的,开始显现

let food rot on the vine 让食物在藤上腐烂

be coupled with X 与 X 结合

pressing concern 迫切的问题

the giant rift 巨大的裂痕

范文2：Argument 2 (against)

Technology is increasing at a rapid rate, making it appear as though all the world’s problems will be solved in the next fifty years. In reality, there is no way to resolve some of the most important issues facing us today. There will continue to be wars, climate change, and pressures of a growing world population well into the foreseeable future.

To Americans sitting in a comfortable home, war is an abstract, distant thing. However, it is a devastating and very real horror to families facing persecution and displacement. Children in Yemen need surgery to mend limbs destroyed by bombs. Bolivians look away as rebels knife a government official. Thousands of Syrians live in tents in a makeshift camp because they lost their homes. These tragedies will continue because there is no way to reconcile the moral and ethical differences between groups. It is human nature to reach for power, so even if the conflicts are reduced in one area, war will emerge in a different area as a greedy leader tries to expand his control.

Climate change is another seemingly irrelevant problem at first glance. It is easy to say that a few degrees of change over fifty or a hundred years is not much. However, climate change is an irreversible process that has already started and will just continue to get worse. There will be more habitat loss, extinctions of species, and drastic natural disasters. Human technology may be able to reduce the damage in some areas, but it cannot return the climate to its former conditions.

One last point is the pressures of an increasing world population. As the number of people on Earth continues to rise, more pressures are placed on the planet to support those people. Even with improvements in agriculture, there will not be enough food to feed everyone. More important, there will not be enough clean water for everyone to drink. With people packed close together, epidemics will spread more quickly. Even the common cold or flu could cause significant damage to the population in a crowded city. There is no magic cure for these problems, and a system of providing food, water, and medical care to everyone in the world is unrealistic.

Therefore, the major problems of war, climate change, and population growth will continue to exist, possibly for as long as human beings exist on Earth.

well into the foreseeable future 在可预见的未来

live in tents in a makeshift camp 住在临时搭建的帐篷里

there is no way to reconcile the moral and ethical differences between groups 伦理差异是无法调和的

to reach for power 获得权力

climate change is an irreversible process 气候变化是一个不可逆转的过程

drastic natural disasters 极端自然灾害，特大自然灾害

With people packed close together, epidemics will spread more quickly 由于人们挤在一起，流行病转播的更快

托福写作模板：小学生学技术还是艺术

题目：An elementary school wants to increase the time on educating students technology (such as computers), which means that students will have less time for the study of music and art.

When it comes to spending the time on studying arts and music and the time on studying technology, which one do you think is better for elementary students?

范文1：Argument 1 (for)

I think it is important for elementary students to get a solid grounding in technology. Technology can help students learn to solve everyday problems, to interact with others, and to prepare for the working world.

First, technology is part of our everyday life, and becoming increasingly more so. If students do not know how to use computers, smart phones, and tablets, they cannot function adequately in this changing world. However, there is more to understanding technology than just typing in a question and reading the answer. Students must know how to escape from a frozen screen, remove and reset a jammed printer, and install new programs. Students who learn about technology gain the mental flexibility to solve basic problems like these. Instead of being stopped by a challenge, a technologically-aware student tries different ways to work around it. In other words, technology helps prepare a student to solve problems and face events that do not run exactly as planned.

Second, technology offers students a chance to interact with other students around the world. Through the internet, students in different countries can see each other and talk, or even collaborate on projects. This experience can bring other subjects such as geology to life because the students can talk with people their own age who are living in the place. Interaction can increase interest in skills such as learning a second language or increase awareness about history or art. Working with friends from around the world, the students gain a wider perspective and are less likely to succumb to prejudice and hatred based on race or nationality. Technology is the key to communication with others around the world.

Third, technology provides useful skills that are in demand by employers. Companies need employees who can manipulate data and operate machinery. Students who have these skills and are ready to work are more likely to be hired than students who do not. Therefore, elementary schools should help prepare students from an early age so that when they reach high school, they can operate spreadsheets, word processing programs, and specialized equipment. Students who go beyond the basics and learn to program, design, or assemble technological devices will be even more prepared to compete in the fast-paced working world.

It is essential for students to learn about technology so that they can capably solve problems, interact with others, and start preparing for the working world.

to get a solid grounding in technology 在技术方面打下坚实的基础

become increasingly more so 变得越来越是如此

the mental flexibility 思维灵活性

a technologically-aware student 一个有技术意识的学生

gain a wider perspective 获得更为广阔的视角

succumb to 屈服于,屈从于

go beyond 超出,超越

范文2：Argument 2 (against)

Children need to have a well-rounded education that includes art and music. Art and music provide many skills that are foundational for further growth and development, physically, mentally, and emotionally, so they should be considered an essential part of any elementary school program.

Young children’s bodies are developing and changing very quickly. Arts can help children learn to use and control their bodies so that they can master more complex tasks in the future. For example, drawing, painting, and calligraphy require manual dexterity to control the pencil, brush, or pen. Children studying these things can learn to use their hands to complete precise tasks. Music offers another example of how children can learn to use their bodies: instruments such as flutes and woodwinds require careful control of breathing combined with fingering of keys. Arts are fun rather than repetitious, so these physical skills are acquired in an enjoyable way.

Arts can also help children improve their memory and concentration. Completing an artwork takes time, sometimes days or weeks, so children must concentrate to finish rather than justrushing on to a new activity . Scientific studies show that if you practice memorizing things such as the process of knitting or weaving, or the notes to perform a song, you can get better at memorization in the future. If children learn to focus on one project and memorize the steps needed to complete it, they will be better able to concentrate for long periods and complete difficult tasks in the future.

Finally, arts can help children develop emotionally. Arts do not have a “right” and “wrong” answer, so children can explore personal creativity. They can feel pride at accomplishing a project that is uniquely theirs. This self-esteem can give them confidence to try new activities without fear of “failing” because they made a mistake. Especially considering the pressures of the modern world, arts can be an essential outlet to try making something beautiful or fun. Arts provide a balance to the rigid programming of other elementary school classes such as math and spelling where it is essential to give the one correct answer.

Arts help children develop physically, mentally, and emotionally. Therefore, arts such as music, drawing, and painting are an essential part of elementary education.

a well-rounded education 全面的教育

manual dexterity 手部灵巧性

rush on to a new activity 匆忙地投入到一项新的活动

arts can help children develop emotionally 艺术可以帮助孩子发展情感

self-esteem 自尊

arts can be an essential outlet to try making something beautiful or fun 艺术可以成为创造美 好或有趣事物的重要途径