大学俄语第二册课文

大学俄语第二册课文（共6篇）

大学俄语第二册课文 篇1

卡罗琳·凯恩

人们普遍认为美国的教育制度已深陷困境。人人都意识到了这些可怕的事实：学校系统经费短缺，老师不会拼写，学生不会阅读，高中毕业生在地图上连中国也找不到。

我们大多数人都知道，或自以为知道，这应该怪谁：怪执法不严的法庭，怪软弱无能的校董会，怪荒唐可笑的政府法令。要找个顶罪的坏蛋很容易。但也许问题不是在于我们的机制而是在于我们的态度。可悲的是，虽然我们大多数人都声称自己相信教育的价值，但我们却不重视智力活动。

我们美国人是一个宽厚、仁慈的民族。我们有致力于每一项美好事业的机制 ── 从拯救无家可归的猫到防止第三次世界大战爆发。但是为促进思考的艺术我们做了些什么呢？当然在日常生活中我们没有为思考留出时间。假定一位男子对朋友们说，“今晚我不去参加家长教师联谊会（或不去看棒球赛或诸如此类的事）了，因为我需要留一些时间给我自己，留一些时间进行思考”？对这位男子邻居们就会避而远之；家人就会为他感到羞耻。如果一个十几岁的青少年说，“今天晚上我不去跳舞了，我需要一些时间进行思考”，那又会怎么样呢？他的父母会立即开始在黄页簿中查寻精神病医生的电话。

几年前一位学院行政管理人员告诉我，如果他想进行任何认真的思考，他只得早上5点30分起床 ── 我猜想因为那是唯一没人会打扰他的时刻。前些时候，我听到一位教授说，当他的朋友们撞见他正在读书时，他们会说，“啊，有这么多空闲时间一定很开心。” 尽管我是一名英语教师 ── 是一个应该更明事理的人 ── 但我却发现自己每次悄悄溜进图书馆看书时，都会隐隐约约感到有点心虚。人们普遍认为：如果一个人在思考或阅读，他就是在无所事事。在生活中的每一天，我们都在通过言行表达这种看法。还有，我们疑惑不解为什么孩子们不肯认真对待他们的学习，为什么他们对老师说，“我为什么要学这玩意儿？这些东西以后对我什么用也没有；我永远都用不着。”

要理解为什么对思考会有这种偏见并不难。问题之一就是，在我们大多数人看来，思考似乎有无所事事之嫌。一个陷于沉思的人看上去的样子就叫人没劲。

大学俄语第二册课文 篇2

一、Unit 3的Warm-Up Questions (见学生用书P.51) 有下述两个句子:

2. What kind of a job do you want to have after graduation?

3. What kind of a person do you want to have as your future boss?

kind of后接可数名词, 前面通常不带冠词a、an、the, 这个名词表示不确定的概念。如:He’s a kind of unofficial adviser.

他像个非官方的顾问。 (《牛津高阶英汉双解词典》)

故应将上述两句分别改为What kind of job…和What kind of person…

二、Unit 3的II.Comprehension of the Text, 第7小题 (见学生用书p.57) 如下:

7) .The author was very unhappy about the teaching arrangement because＿＿＿＿＿.

a.he would have to teach all subjects except art to all the boys

b.he was no good at teaching algebra and geometry

c.he would have to teach three different levels

d.all of the above

b选项是:he was no good at teaching algebra and geometry.

该句中的good, 编者用作形容词, 但是形容词前面不用no, 而用not来否定。no是限定词, 只修饰名词。例如:

It’s no good (my) talking to him.

(我) 同他谈没有用。 (《牛津高阶英汉双解词典》)

当good作为形容词时, 才有be good at结构, 其否定式为be not good at…例如:He isn’t good at dancing.

故b应改为he was not good at teaching algebra and geometry.

三、Unit3 Part V.Usage (Complete the following sentences by translating the Chinese in brackets into English) , 第7题 (见学生用书P.62) 如下:

7. The dog＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ (不停地嗅着一团绒线) in the living room.

该题的参考答案是was smelling a ball of wool (见《大学英语精读教师用书》第二册, p.144)

该参考答案有点欠妥, 没有翻译出“不停地嗅着一团绒线”的语气。应该译成:kept smelling a ball of wool或:was smelling a ball of wool without stopping。

四、Unit 4的III Vocabulary Activates, 第二道练习题的第6小题 (见学生用书p.85) 题干是:

When learning a foreign language, the best method is to begin with the spoken language.

这是一个有语病的句子, 这样的语病时常出现。该句的主语the best method, 不可能是learning a foreign language这一动作的实施者, 因此该句要改为:

In the course of learning a foreign language, the best method is to begin with the spoken language.或者:

When we start to learn a foreign language, the best method is to begin with the spoken language.或者:

The best method of learning a foreign language is to begin with the spoken language.

五、Test Yourself 1的Part III, No.74 (见学生用书p.136) 如下:

More and more people are taking to their bikes as a (n) ＿＿＿＿＿＿to driving or using public transport.

参考答案是C。讨论的要点是alternative后接to还是接of。请看《牛津高阶英汉双解词典》中的例句:

You have the alternative of marrying or remaining a bachelor.

你可以结婚也可以仍做单身汉。

因此, 应将题干中的to driving改为of driving。

六、Unit 6的New Words, 编者给予生词sweat vi. (见

学生用书p.141) 一个学生熟知的词义“流汗”, 但是在课文中该词的意义与所给的词义大相径庭:

I’d sweated through my share of stab wounds of the belly, of punctured lungs, of compound fractures.I had sweated over them for five years.I didn’t need to sweat any more. (见学生用书p.139, lines 39-41)

我战战兢兢地治疗过交在我手下的腹部刺伤、肺部穿孔以及复合性骨折等病例。这类外科手术我已经战战兢兢地干了五年。

该词义应该改成:be in a state of great anxiety处于焦急不安的状态

七、Unit 6的VII.Cloze中有这样一句:

Dr.Nolen believed that the most important time in a surgical (1) career is the point at which the surgeon begins to feel confident (2) in his ability to make sound decisions in each individual case. (见学生用书p.151)

本句中的confident后接in还是of?请看《牛津高阶英汉双解词典》中的例句:He is confident of victory.他对胜利充满信心。但是名词confidence后才接in, 请看《牛津高阶英汉双解词典》中的例句:

Don’t put too much confidence in what the papers say.不要过分相信报纸上的话。

因此, 应将题干中的feel confident (2) in his ability改为:feel confident (2) of his ability

八、Unit 6的III Vocabulary Activities, 第三题的第六小题如下:

6) .Are you positive all the beds in the hospital are occupied (见学生用书p.172)

参考答案是:Are you positive the hospital has no vacant beds?

(见《大学英语精读教师用书》第二册p.160)

编者在此没有将该句的全部否定的语气翻译出来。应该改为:

Are you positive no beds in the hospital are vacant?

或者:Are you positive none of the beds in the hospital are vacant?

摘要：在使用由上海外语教育出版社出版, 董亚芬任总主编的大学英语精读教材第二册的过程中, 笔者发现了有几处地方颇值得商榷, 故在此抛砖引玉, 以期教材更加完善。

大学俄语第二册课文 篇3

2认错人（改编）

马克•吐温

几年前的一天，我来到萨拉曼卡——纽约附近的一个火车站。我计划在那儿搭乘卧车。站台上都是人，他们涌入长长的卧车，把列车挤得满满的。我问售票处的人能否买两张票，但他厉声回答说：“没票！”然后冲着我的脸关上了窗。这真是对我尊严的莫大打击，然而我又需要这两张车票。我找到一位地方官员，问他能否在卧铺车厢的某个地方找个可怜的小角落；但他猛然打断了我，厉声说道：“没有，找不到。每个角落都挤满了。好了，不要再来烦我了。”说完，他便不理我而走开了。我没料到他会这样对待我，我的尊严处于一种难以描述的状况。我对同伴说：“他们这样对我讲话是因为他们不知道我是谁。”可我的同伴却说:“别说这种傻话了。即便他们知道你是谁，你觉得这能帮你在没有空座的火车上搞到座位吗？”说完他也不理我了。这太过分了。我找到刚才那个官员，非常有礼貌地告诉他我叫马克•吐温，我是否能——但他又一次打断了我：“我已经告诉过你不要再来烦我了。”接着又不再理我了。我无助地环顾四周，发现我的同伴目睹了整个经过。我感到的耻辱无法用语言形容。我说：“或许他没有听到我的名字。”但我的同伴却不这么认为，他说：“他肯定清楚地听到你的名字了，只不过他不在乎罢了，就是这么回事。”

我不知道接下去会发生什么，但就在这时候,我注意到一个年轻的卧车行李搬运工正在跟列车员窃窃私语，并朝着我点头。那个列车员随即转过身，毕恭毕敬地向我走来。

“我能为您效劳吗，先生？”他说道，“您要在卧车上找个空位吗？”

“呃，当然，”我回答说，“可我问过站台上那个人，他说每个角落都塞满了，还叫我不要烦他。”

“不会吧，先生，我简直不敢相信他说了这样的话。简直无法想象有人竟然这样对您说话，先生！我很抱歉，先生，但您一定是误会他了。我们什么空地方都没了，只剩下那个大的家庭包房，里面有两个铺位和几把扶手椅，但这一切都供您享用。过来，汤姆，把这些箱子搬上车！”

搬运工拿了我们的小提箱，我们则上了车。在豪华包房把我们舒舒服服安顿好以后，汤姆满脸堆笑地说:“哦，您还需要什么吗，先生？”

“呃，这盏灯吊得太高了。能不能在我的床头再给我安一盏灯，好让我看起书来舒服点？” “可以，先生，可以。我会亲自给您安上。您需要什么只管说，我们就是把整条铁路里里外外查个遍也要帮您找到。”说完他便离开了。

我微笑着对同伴说：“咳咳，现在你怎么说？”

我的同伴看起来很羞愧。“唔，”他说，“你是对的。我为刚才在站台上对你说过的那些话感到抱歉。这么看来犯傻的是我，不是你。能跟你一起来我很高兴。假如没有你，我永远也不会搞到车票。但我还是不明白。”就在这时汤姆的笑脸再次出现在门口，接着说了这样一句话：“喔，先生，我一下子就把您给认出来了。接着我就告诉了列车员。”

“是这样吗，小伙子？”我问道，“那我是谁呢？”

“您是纽约市长麦克莱伦先生。”说罢他又离开了。

答案

1.bother, bother

notice

6.recognized

describe

1.cut short

in „ face

around

1.must have seen the tickets for tonight’s play

2.must have been here many times

3.may have gone bad

4.may not have received the present

1.Nancy was glad to have quit her part-time job before her final exams.2.Aren’t you ashamed to have eaten all the fruit in the basket?

3.We are really grateful to have received so much care during our visits here.4.Henry was foolish to have trusted such a liar.9

1.The public noticed that since that local official left, his position had been vacant for a couple of months.2.Seeing the girl looking around helplessly on the platform, the young porter asked politely if she needed any help.3.I recognized your companion the minute he appeared at the door.He looked just as you had described.4.We didn’t bother to find a hotel, for my good friend invited us to stay in her house and put a luxurious car at our disposal.5.While the professor was turning the suitcases inside out to find his glasses, his wife was sitting comfortably in an armchair watching the whole scene.6.I turned my back on her because she expected me to treat her like a queen.10

1.seeing a doctor as soon as possible

2.working for another hour

3.buying a new car

4.going to the cinema

5.having been to New York

6.quitting my job2.at their disposal 6.a couple of3.at the same time4.2.companion 7.vacant3.Shame 8.scene4.officials 9.politely10.5.5.turn your back on 7.turned „ inside out 8.Look

7.speaking it

8.being recognized

9.spending all that money

10.losing my job

但愿

保罗•莫纳汉

我在一家7-11商店里已经工作了两年，自以为很善于处理我们经理所说的“与顾客的关系”了。我坚信，一个友好的微笑和脱口而出的“先生”、“女士”和“谢谢”就足以让我应付任何可能出现的情况，无论是安慰缺乏耐心或难缠的顾客，还是为找错零钱而道歉。但是几天前的那个晚上，一位老妇人却动摇了我的信念： 乖巧的回答并不能消除与他人打交道时遇到的磕磕绊绊。

老妇人一进来，就与我们灯火通明、货架整齐、亮堂堂的店铺形成了鲜明的对照。老妇人似乎每走一步都十分痛苦。她慢慢地推开玻璃门，蹒跚地走向最近的通道。在气温只有华氏40度的晚上，她只穿着一件褪了色的连衣裙和一件薄薄的、淡褐色的、小得连纽扣都扣不起来的羊毛衫，还有一双破旧的黑拖鞋。她那青筋暴突的腿上既没有穿长袜也没有穿短袜。老妇人在店里转了几分钟后，在罐装蔬菜前停了下来。她拿起一罐玉米，盯着标签看。此时，我决意做一个有礼貌的好雇员，便问她是否需要帮助。

对我清晰宏亮的“您要买点什么?”老妇人轻声回答说：

“我要一些吃的。” “太太，您在找玉米吗？”

“我要一些吃的，”她重复道。“哪种都行。”

“哦，罐头玉米是95美分，”我用最乐于助人的口吻说道。“或者，如果您愿意的话，我们今天有特价面包。”

“我付不出钱，”她说。

有那么一刹那，我真想说：“把玉米拿去吧。”但雇员守则却涌入我的脑海：保持礼貌，但不要让顾客占你便宜，让他们知道是你在控制局面。曾有一刻我甚至认为这是某种考验，老妇人是总部派来考验我的忠诚的。于是，我尽职尽责地回答说：“对不起，太太，我不能免费送您任何东西。”

老妇人的脸似乎“塌陷”得更厉害了（如果有这种可能的话），她双手颤抖着把罐头放回货架，然后从我身旁慢慢地走向门口，破旧而又肮脏的羊毛衫勉强遮住她佝偻的背。

她离开后不久，我便拿着那罐玉米冲出门去，可是老妇人已经无影无踪。在余下的当班时间里，老妇人的形象一直浮现在我的脑海中。我年轻、健康、沾沾自喜，而她却年老多病，身处绝境。我真心希望我当时能表现得像一个人而不是“机器人”，但意识到我们保持自身良好本性的力量是多么的脆弱，又令我感到悲哀。

1.automatic2.apologize3.situation4.sort5.arises

6.impatient7.response8.rushed9.customers10.relations

1.for free2.get the best of3.see through4.in sight5.be dealt with

大学俄语第二册课文 篇4

全日制普通高级中学教科书(必修)《语文》第二册课文具有典范性，文质兼美，富有文化内涵和时代气息，关注人类，关注自然。但有几篇课文由于写作时代、翻译误差，还存在一些不尽如人意的地方．现指摘出来，和大家商榷。

1．《拿来主义》第一段：“还有几位‘大师’们捧着几张古画和新画，在欧洲各国一路的挂过去．叫作‘发扬国光’。听说不远还要送梅兰芳博士到苏联去，以催进‘象征主义’，此后是顺便到欧洲传道。”

“几位”与表复数的“们”重复．应删去“们”。

“欧洲”包括“苏联”，二者属于属种关系，属种概念放在一个句子中，语意表达不明确，应改为：“……到欧洲各国去传道”。

2．《拿来主义》第6段：“其实，这是因为那是‘送来’的，而不是‘拿来’的缘故。”

“因为”与“缘故”用语重复，可将“缘故”删去。

3．《我若为王》第一段：“难道我脑中还有如此封建的残物吗?而且真想做王的人，他将用他的手去打天下，决不会放在口里说的。”

问号后面的文字表示进一步申述理由或追述理由，而不是表示意思递进。因此，应将表递进的“而且”改为“况且”。

4．《我若为王》第七段：“请科学家们不要见笑，我以为世界之所以还大有待于改进者，全因为有这些奴才的缘故。”

“因为”与“缘故”用语重复，可把“因为”改为“是”，也可以把“缘故”删去。

5．《我若为王》第5段：“没有人敢呵斥我，指责我，除非把我从王位上赶下来。但是赶下来，是我不为王了。我将看见所有的人们在我面前低头，鞠躬，匍匐……”

这段话不通顺，语句衔接不上，应在“我将看见所有的人们”之前加上“我若为王”。

6．《<物种起源>导言》第4段：“关于物种起源的问题，如果一位博物学家，对于生物相互间的亲缘关系。他们的胚胎的.关系、地理的分布以及在地质期内出现的程序等等事实加以思考，那么，我们可以推想得到，生物的种，和变种一样，是由以前别的种演变而来的，而不是分别创造出来的。”

这段话不合逻辑，这段话的意思是：如果博物学家去思考，我们就可以推出一种理论。

这显然不正确。应改为：关于物种起源的问题，一位博物学家如果对生物间的亲缘关系，它们的胚胎的关系，它们的地理的分布以及在地质期内出现的程序等等事实加以思考，就可以得出这样的一个结论：生物的种，和变种一样，是由别的种演变而来，而不是分别创造出来的。

7．《神奇的极光》第1段：“在大熊星座中，飘洒出一缕彩虹般的神奇光带，如烟似雾，摇曳不定，时动时静，像行云流水。”

“一缕”修饰“彩虹般的神奇光带”搭配不当，应改为“一条彩虹般的神奇光带”。

“行云流水”形容文章自然，不受拘束，就像飘浮的云和流动的水一样，和“时动时静”搭配不当，应删去“时动时静”。

8．《奇异的极光》第3段中：“在古代，我国没有极光这个词，所以是根据极光不同的形状差异分别加以称谓，如叫做“天狗”“刀星”“蚩尤旗”“天开眼”“星陨如雨”等等，他们大部分散落在史书的星象、妖星、异星、流星、祥气的记载中。”

“天狗”指日食、月食，可能也包括有月掩星，“刀星”指彗星，“星陨如雨”指流星雨，“妖星”、“异星”多指天空中爆发的新星、超新星，以及过路的彗星，这些都与极光无关。“蚩尤旗”“天开眼”大多指地震时的地光，“祥气”多指野外大群发光动物的光，海洋发光鱼类的光，海市蜃楼的景象以及大片鳞光，他们中只有小部分是极光。所以划横线的应删去。

9．《神奇的极光》第8段：“极光这般多姿多彩，如此变化万千，又是在这样辽阔无垠的穹隆中、漆黑寂静的寒夜里和荒无人烟的极区，此情此景，此时此地，面对五彩缤纷的极光图形，亲爱的读者，你说能不令人心醉，不叫人神往吗?”

这一段中第3句话缺少谓语动词．应在“又是”后加“出现”，或在“极区”后加“出现”。

10．《神奇的极光》第9段：“长期以来，极光的成因机理未能得到满意的解释。在相当长一段时间内，人们一直认为极光可能是由以下三种原因形成的。”

这一句话有歧义，可能被误认为“三种原因”共同作用产生极光，应改为“人们对极光的成因有三种看法”。

11．《神奇的极光》第1 2段：“极光不仅是个光学现象，还是个无线电现象，可以用雷达进行探测研究，它还会辐射出某些无线电波。有人还说，极光能发出各种各样的声音。极光不仅是科学研究的重要课题，它还直接影响到无线电通信，长电缆通信，以及长的管道和电力传送线等许多实用工程项目。”

这段话语意累赘，应改为：“用雷达可探测到极光辐射出某些无线电波。”

“有人还说”也有问题，因为前面没有“有人说”，“有人还说”就突兀了，所以此处“有人还说”应删去。

“不仅……还……”这一对关联词也应删去，因为“科学研究的重要课题”和“直接影响到无线电通信，长电缆通信，以及长的管道和电力传送线”不在同一话题范畴内。

(此文刊发在湖北大学《中学语文》5月“教学大参考”刊上)

大学俄语第二册课文 篇5

“‘在画画呢!’她大声说道。‘多么有趣。可你还在等什么呢? 把画笔给我---大的那支。’她猛地用笔蘸起颜料，还没等我缓过神来，她已经挥笔泼墨在惊恐不已的画布上画下了有力的几道蓝色。谁都看得出画布无法回击。我不再迟疑。我抓起那支最大的画笔，迅猛异常地向我可怜的牺牲品扑了过去。自那以后，我再也不曾害怕过画布。”

1.When his wife died of a stroke in her sixties, the 72-year-old retired professor was overwhelmed by grief.Life would be too difficult for him without anybody to rely on.2.Last month two amateur painters held an exhibition of their pictures in London.Many people went to see it, including a few celebrated professors.3.When seven astronauts died in the Challenger disaster in the mid-1980s, it plunged the whole world into shock and grief.4.After completing her second prime ministry, she remained actively involved in political affairs.She came to the rescue several times when the government was in difficulty.5.After his failure in the election campaign, Dr.Smith retired to a small village, where he tried his hand at farming.6.As long as you keep working hard all your life, you will recall your past with a glow of satisfaction.7.We must awaken people to the importance of environmental protection now, or it will soon be too late.8.That official was removed from office for being involved in a political scandal.Had he known this would happen, he might have acted differently.第二单元

儒教也为亚洲人的成功提供了另一个要素。在孔夫子的哲学中，家庭起着最重要的作用----这种定向引导人们为家庭的荣誉而学习工作，而不仅仅是为了他们自己。一个人永远无法报答他的父母，而且在亚洲人中间还有一种责任感、乃至负罪感，这是一种如同新教哲学在西方一样的强大力量。

9.Female students constitute the majority of our class.By contrast, their class is made up of males only.10.American children can usually watch TV three hours a day, whereas their Chinese counterparts have to work on their homework during most their after-school time.11.His development of a series of new research methods led to his huge success.He said he owed all this to his parents‟ encouragement.12.He resented being excluded from discussions that directly concerned his future.13.The fact that these problems are continually showing up suggests that this new device has to be readjusted.14.As one of the many Asian students who have surged into the best American universities in recent years, Zhang Hua says that many of his ideas are based on traditional Chinese philosophy.15.To start with, it is not merely money that makes Mr.Young work so hard.He is committed to educating the young and tires to motivate them to get ahead in life.16.As time was running out, we drove even faster in the hope that we could make it to the airport in time.第三单元

从一开始，乔治就被所有的日本雇员欣然接受。日方经理通常不信任任何被派去代表美方业主的人，但乔治生性随和，没有人把他看作是对自己职业的一种威胁。所以他们喜欢就广泛的各类问题征求他的意见，包括大洋彼岸他们的合作伙伴的古怪行为。公司上下的工程师们都珍视乔治的专业知识和他友好而技能熟练的帮助，他们已养成了一有问题----任何问题，就找他帮忙的习惯。办公室里的秘书们都热衷于帮助这个讨人喜欢的单身汉学习日语。

1.When this temporary job came to an end, George was offered a

permanent job, which he accepted at once.2.To ensure that their ventures in Japan are profitable, the American

companies need cultural translators even more than language translators.3.As a cultural translator, George was eager to help the Japanese employees who came to ask his advice on a great many matters, both within and outside of his field of expertise.4.Somehow or other, George persuaded the American manager to go along with the Japanese accountant‟s decision, thus smoothing over the conflict between the two.5.Conflicts and arguments do arise at times between the American

managers and their Japanese counterparts.But since both parties have the good sense to compromise, these conflicts are prevented from escalating into big emotional battles.6.All the Japanese employees, the personnel manager included,appreciated George‟s frequent help with the multitude of problems they run into.7.My spoken Japanese is not good enough to express myself well.Please don‟t get offended if I sometimes say stupid things.8.with a solid understanding of traditional Chinese medicine and a good mastery of English, dr.Zhang is highly qualified to train foreign doctors who came to China to study Chinese medicine.第四单元

成功鼓励人们重复过去的行为，因而远不及失败这个老师来得好。你可以从一次极糟的晚会中学会如何举办一次成功的晚会，从第一次不当的选房中学到下次选房时要注意些什么。即使一次看似彻底的失败也能激发新的思路，引起方向的改变。

1.Protecting children from the knowledge that they have failed is anything but beneficial to their growth and development.2.Emerson does not think there is a world of difference between success and failure.3.A mature person is one who is good at turning failure into success.4.She was so obsessed with becoming a success in ice skating that she never prepared herself for challenges of the real world.5.He suffered a complete nervous breakdown when he learned that his company had gone bankrupt.6.When talking about his success, Mr.Smith is very prone to exaggeration.7.The company started by selling radios but now has branched out into selling computers as well.8.In fact, failure is nothing to be afraid of.Once we learn how to use it, it can make a positive contribution to our growth and development.第五单元

要做到工作学习两不误很困难。“我要一直熬夜学习，每天一大早又要去上班。我上课时很难集中思想，上班时也很难受，因为我实在太累了，”她说。不过她第一学期最后还是得了两个A。.1.The university offered Priscilla only a small loan and she had to come up with the rest of the money herself.2.With small income from her restaurant job, marry could barely make(both)ends meet.That‟s why she found some cleaning work to do in the apartment building where she lived.3.During her first semesters, she often stayed up late studying because she knew she had to get the highest GPA in her class to qualify the scholarship.4.Anyone who wants to find employment in/ with that company must have at least a master‟s degree;if not a Ph.D.otherwise he or she will not be accepted.5.Only if you completely throw yourself into your studies will you ultimately achieve your long-term goal of becoming an archaeologist.6.In the office Beth always looked happy and had a ready smile.But deep down, she was tired of being a secretary.She wanted to do something more creative.7.A migrant farm laborer from Mexico, my father was overjoyed when I was accepted by the University of Washington and became the first person in my family to attend college.8.When Priscilla looked back on her years of hard struggle, she said that it was no easy job to balance work and study.第六单元

他被称为“活着的最有才华的人”，“20世纪后期最伟大的天才”，以及“爱因斯坦的继承人”。因《时间简史》一书而闻名遐迩为众人所知的斯蒂芬霍金是一个多重意义上的明星科学家。霍金擅长于用一种为非科学家所喜爱的文体揭示宇宙的奥秘，这种天赋使他声誉鹊起，也使他的书在英国和美国都成了畅销书。该书因在《星期日泰晤士报》十大畅销书名单上持续了184周，并在全世界销售了500多万册而在《吉尼斯世界纪录大全》上赢得了一席之地——对一本科学书籍来说，这简直是前所未闻的成功。

大学俄语第二册课文 篇6

1.“Father knows better.” or “Father, you know better than

that.” literally means Father was wise enough not to do something.Actually it does not have this meaning.It means Father was not wise when he meddled with his children’s affairs.This sentence occurs six times in the text.The children said it satirically to show their disapproval of Father’s meddling with their affairs.2.location: n.a place or position This is a suitable location for a camp.目击者向警察指出事故发生的确切地点。Witnesses showed the police the exact location of the accident.3.know better: behave in a more sensible and acceptable way 4.He is old enough to know better.5.他很明事理，不至于以貌取人。He knows better than to judge by appearances.Pattern: know better than sb.know better than to do sth.7.embarrass: vt.make(sb.)feel awkward or ashamed 8.It embarrassed him that he had to give a talk in front of a lot of people.9.I don’t like making speeches in public.It’s so embarrassing.10.I was really embarrassed when I couldn’t answer the teacher’s question.11.dumb: adj.1)foolish eg.He was so dumb that he left his keys at home again.2)unable to speak eg.The terrible news struck us all dumb.他生来不能说话，但是他设法找到一个好工作。He was born dumb, but he has still managed to get a good job.14.in unison: acting in the same way at the same time eg.国际社会准备一致反对恐怖主义。The international community is ready to work in unison against terrorism.16.consist of: be made up of eg.The city of New York consists of five boroughs.18.cf.consist in 等于；在于

19.consist, compose, comprise & constitute 这几个词都是动词，都有“组成”的意思。

consist 是个不及物动词，与介词of一起连用，不可用于被动语态。consist的主语表示事物的整体，of后的宾语表示事物的组成部分。例如：Water consists of hydrogen and oxygen.水由氢和氧组成。North America consists of the United States, Canada, and Mexico.compose 的主语表示事物的组成部分，宾语表示事物的整体。但在被动语态中正好相反。例如：The United States, Canada, and Mexico compose North America.Water is composed of hydrogen and oxygen.comprise 用作及物动词,有两种用法:传统规则认为其主语应当为事物的整体,宾语应当为事物的组成部分,词义为“由„„组成,由„„构成”;另一种趋势是用comprise表达“组成,构成”的意思,此时其主语为事物的组成部分,宾语为事物的整体。

eg.North America comprises the United States, Canada, and Mexico.constitute的主语表示事物的组成部分，宾语表示事物的整体。例如：The United States, Canada, and Mexico constitute North America.Seven days constitute a week.七天为一周。

20.a man-to-man talk: A talk that takes place between two men, especially two men who need to discuss a serious personal matter.开诚布公地谈一谈

21.meddle with his children’s affairs 22.interfere with their affairs 23.fade: vi.1)lose color or brightness eg.The wallpaper has faded.2)disappear slowly

eg.随着天气越来越冷，她早锻炼的热情逐渐消失了。Her enthusiasm for early-morning exercises faded as the weather was getting colder and colder.24.fade away 逐渐消失

25.fade out 逐渐消失；淡出

26.overall: 1)adv.in general eg.Overall, I like her, despite her faults.2)adj.total(only before noun)

eg.The overall length of the fish is 3 feet 5 inches.28.trade for: exchange(sth.)for(sth.else)29.农民用农产品换工具和钱.The farmers traded farm produce for tools and money.30.keep in suspense: delay telling(sb.)what they are eager to know 31.eg.We’ve been kept in suspense waiting for the examination results.32.观众的悬念一直持续到剧终。The audience is kept in suspense to the very end of the play.33.break the suspense 消除悬念

34.hold sb.in suspense 使某人处于悬念之中 35.be in suspense over 对„„悬疑不安

36.interrupt: v.stop(sb.)from continuing what they are saying or doing eg.My daughter kept interrupting me when I spoke.38.bet: 1)vi.be sure 39.I bet it will snow tomorrow.40.I bet she was late for the meeting on purpose.41.2).v.risk(money)on the result of a future event 42.I bet you $5 that they will win the next election.43.I bet on the wrong horse.It lost the race.44.distract: vt.take(sb.’s attention)away from sth.esp.for a short time 45.Don’t distract me from working.46.She was distracted by the noise outside.47.玩电脑游戏有时让他写作业分心。Playing computer games sometimes distracts him from his homework.48.Pattern: distract sb./sth./ distract sb./sth.from 49.glorious: adj.wonderful 50.It seems a pity to be indoors on such a glorious day.51.hand down: give or leave to people who are younger or come later 52.她有一些珠宝，是从她祖母那儿传下来的。She had some jewelry, which had been handed down from her grandmother.53.hand in 上交；交给

54.hand on 传递；依次传下去 55.hand out 分给；分发 56.hand over 交出；移交

57.community: n.the people living in one place, district, or country, considered as a whole 58.The job of a policeman is to serve the community.59.College students have learned a lot in community service.60.narrow down: make(a list of things)smaller 一百多位申请者将会被减少成仅仅五位候选人。Over a hundred applicants will be narrowed down to a short list of five candidates.62.at any rate: whatever may happen;in any case 63.At any rate, you survived the car accident.64.birth rate 出生率 65.first-rate 一流的

66.at this / that rate 这样/那样的话；照这样/那样的情形 67.rate of exchange 汇率

68.speed, rate & pace 这几个词都是名词，都有“速度”的意思。

speed一般指单位时间内所运动的距离。例如：He drove at a speed of 70 miles per hour.We can’t go any faster.We’re already at top speed.我们不能再快了。我们已经全速前进了。

rate指比率、率，如速度、出生率、入学率等。指速度时可与speed换用。例如：She can read at the rate of 100 words a minute.He must pay at the rate of 10 percent.他必须按照百分之十的比率付款。

pace主要指行走、跑步等的步速，也可指生活、生长、进展等方面的速度、进度等。例如：If you advance one pace, I will shoot you.你再向前走一步，我就开枪了。

The work progressed at a slow pace.工作进展很慢。

75.It is more likely to get this over with.还不如说，是把这份罪受完算了。76.exhaust: vt.1)make(sb.)very tired, either physically or mentally

e.g.What an exhausting day!77.Four hours’ work almost exhausted her.78.2)use up completely eg.They have exhausted the supply of oxygen.79.What will we do if we exhaust our reserves of oil? 80.tired, exhausted & worn out 这几个词都是形容词，都有“累、疲惫”的意思。

81.tired为常见词，但本身没有指明精力的削减程度。例如：He became tired from hours’ reading.82.exhausted 指体力、精力的完全损耗，难以恢复或需要较长时间才可恢复。例如：He returned at last, too exhausted to eat anything.83.worn out 指过度使用而失去价值或功效。例如：He divorced his wife because he was worn out from listening to her constant complaints.他因为听烦了妻子没完没了的抱怨而和她离了婚。84.repeatedly: adv.again and again 我们反复要求员工不允许在办公室吸烟。We have repeatedly requested that staff should not be allowed to smoke in the office.86.swallow: v.cause or allow(esp.food or drink)to go down the throat;hide or suppress a feeling 87.eg.Chew your food properly before swallowing it.88.frank: adj.showing one’s thoughts and feelings openly

89.If you want my frank opinion, I don’t think the plan will succeed.90.It is clear that my students have been frank with me.Pattern:

be frank with sb.be frank about sth.93.And it’s not just one of us who’ve felt the heavy hand of interference.Oh, no, all three of us live in constant dread knowing that at any time disaster can strike不止我一个人深受他横加干预之苦。哦，绝非我一个人。我们兄妹三个整天提心吊胆，知道倒霉的事随时可能来临

94.interference: n.unwanted or unnecessary involvement in sth.95.I wanted to do the thing on my own without outside interference.96.你干涉他的私人事务是没道理的。Your interference in his private affairs is unreasonable.Pattern:

interference in sth.interference with sb 99.constant: adj.1)without stopping 100.He was in constant pain.I have had a constant headache for three days.102.2)unchanging 产品的价格不是固定的，而是随供求的变化而变化。

The price of the product is not constant but varies with supply and demand.105.in charge of: having control(over)or responsibility(for)106.I am in charge of the department.107.He was left in charge of the shop while the manager was away.108.take charge of 负责

109.in one’s charge 由某人照管 110.on a charge of 以„„罪名

111.bring a charge against sb.指控某人 112.face a charge 面临控告 113.exceptional: adj.unusual 114.All her children are intelligent, but the youngest boy is really exceptional.115.He was an exceptional man with great business talents.116.fill out: complete(a document or form)by supplying required information 117.Please fill out the application form and signed it at the bottom.118.fill in 填入；填上 119.fill in for sb.临时代替 120.fill up 填满；装满 121.fill with 用„„填满

122.proof: n.evidence or facts that are sufficient to establish a thing as true or believable 123.美国研究人员发现证据证明，不吸烟的人与吸烟的人一起工作也能得癌症。Researchers in America have found proof that non-smokers can develop cancer by working with smokers.124.junior: adj.1)younger 125.Jane is several years junior to her husband.126.Do you want John Brown Senior or John Brown Junior, the father or the son? 127.Abbrs.: Jr.or jr., used after the name of a person who has the same name as his father, e.g.Tom Brown, Jr.128.2)lower in rank than others 129.He is a junior officer.130.他被提升为高级职员之前，做了三年低级职员。He had been a junior clerk for three years before he was promoted to senior clerk.131.be drenched to the bone 132.The wheel is still in spin.133.heed the call 听从召唤 134.The battle is raging.135.shake the windows and rattle the walls 136.beyond your command 137.draw a line 138.cast a curse 139.in one’s early twenties

140.many a young man= many young people 141.blame sb for all the ills of the world 142.welcome sth ←→ resist sth 143.Change is coming whether we like it or not, coming like a flood that no one can escape.144.comment on the news 145.predict what will happen next 146.The wheel of fortune is still spinning and those at the bottom of society may find themselves later rising up.147.protest songs 148.be aimed against injustice 149.warn sb not to stand in the way of sb 150.step aside 151.sit up

cf.stay up 152.take notice of 153.center around: be mainly about 154.somehow or other 155.end up doing 156.for the sake of: for the purpose of 157.carry things to extremes 作了极度夸张 158.As the lights come up,… 159.Down Right 舞台右前方

160.address the audience: speak to the audience 161.waiting tables: working as a waiter 162.figure: count 163.pull dumb things on sb: play stupid tricks on sb 164.in unison:

cf.in chorus 165.a couple of: several 166.squat behind sw 167.no problem: out of question

cf.out of the question: impossible 168.spread one’s hands, palms up, speaking to oneself

169.What did I do to deserve this? 我干了什么要受这份罪？ 170.a typical teenager 171.lose interest in 172.assure sb that… 173.address a subject 174.help sb through life’s dangerous sea帮助他驶过人生的惊涛骇浪 175.(metaphor)compare life to an arduous sea voyage 176.I can’t imagine why.我真弄不明白。177.have a nice chat 178.(lights)fade to black 179.(lights)come up 180.a second or two later 181.once in a while: on occasion;occasionally 182.give sth more thought(before doing sth)183.sb be seated around the dining table 184.set a dish on the table 185.pull out one’s chair 186.have a surprise for sb 187.keep /leave sb in suspense 188.stage whisper to sb 189.simultaneously: at the same time;meanwhile 190.ask sb to the senior prom 191.clench one’s teeth

cf.clenched teeth 192.in a monotone 193.be evenly spaced 194.Well then.那就算了。195.become hysterical 196.not yet: so far not 197.give sb the respect(he/she deserves)198.roll one’s eyes 199.It’s my treat.200.be short with sb: speak briefly and rather rudely to sb because of impatience or anger 201.Do get on with it.快说吧。

202.glorious dessert: wonderful/delicious dessert 203.hand down an old recipe to me 204.at any rate: in any case 205.have a lot of the same interests: have a lot in common 206.community: the people living in one place as a whole 207.global peace 208.human welfare: happiness/good health/prosperity 209.breath hard: 喘着粗气

210.nod one’s head up and down 211.repeatedly: again and again 212.I owe you one.我记着你的情。cf.IOU 白条子 213.tell sb of sth: tell sb sth 214.What has come over you? 你怎么啦？

215.It’s more likely to get this over with.还不如说是快把这份罪受完算了。216.little scheme 小计策 217.swallow hard尽力忍住

218.She had to swallow hard in her position as a housemaid.219.swallow: 1.allow(sth)to go down the throat 2.hide or suppress a feeling 220.jut out one’s chin at sb 冲着sb撅起下巴 221.jerk one’s head around to face sb 扭头面对sb 222.Being the sort of man he is,„以他的为人。。223.frank: showing one’s feelings openly 224.be frank with sb/about sth 225.To be frank with you, I think you’re making a mistake.226.be humiliated 227.an honor student 228.a class president: monitor 229.He is a dear.他挺可爱的

230.an executive-type desk and chair 办公桌椅 231.admit new students to sw 232.be more than willing to do: be very willing to do 233.exceptional: unusual 出类拔萃的 234.fill out =fill in 235.I don’t know where she got her brains: I don’t know why she is so bright 236.lose one’s patience: become impatient

237.have proof of sth: have evidence of 证据、证明(u.n.)238.carry on with his line of thought 沿着自己的思路讲下去 239.talented: gifted 240.twist one’s hands 搓拧着手

241.place/finish/come first in the annual spelling bee/contest 242.be eager for knowledge 243.be that as it may: 不过。。244.dining room

cf.canteen 245.capital tragedy 主要的悲剧

246.a blunder n.大错, 失误

cf.glaring errors大错误；明显的错误 247.be dumb with astonishment at their beauty 248.establish welfare systems to provide a safety net 249.through the ages 经过漫长的岁月 250.face extinction 251.his junior year in high school 252.beat about/around the bush 253.honk one’s horns

254.Security Council联合国安全理事会 255.The hotel overlooks the lake.256.tire sb out: make sb exhausted 257.sth be worth a fortune 258.look out for talented college graduates 259.be adequate/anxious/certain/sure/content/crazy/likely/liable/fortunate/lucky/keen/eager to do sth 260.be admitted to sw 被允许进入；被录取 261.Whatever does that mean? 262.Whatever it is that you like,… 263.be worried to death 264.be scared to death 265.along with=together with=coupled with 266.a simple matter 267.pose for the picture 268.(hair)be dyed bright red 269.consider one’s feeling upon seeing sth 270.develop the pictures 冲洗照片 271.smooth out sth 消除, 使平滑 272.smooth down

消除, 变平静 273.respectably : decently

adv.体面地

275.from one’s point of view: from one’s viewpoint: form one’s perspective 276.This does not always come easy.277.prizefighter n.职业拳击手 278.be knocked out 279.the heavyweight champion of the world 280.in the face of 281.to the contrary 282.hold the crown 拥有荣耀 283.the ring 职业拳击界 284.step for step: step by step 285.be conscious of sth: be aware of 286.ball park: 棒球场 287.gravely郑重其事地 288.go to the bathroom 289.be overwhelmed by 惊喜万分

290.fire strike after strike 投出一个又一个好球 291.hit a home run击出一个本垒打 292.direct ancestors of ：

。。的前身 293.走到阳光下emerge into the sun 294.on the right-field side of the park 在右外场侧面 295.batting practice击球练习296.a carrot stick胡萝卜条 297.polish off sth一扫而光

298.in a rotten mood情绪糟透了 299.take the field 上场（击球）300.不很情愿地without much grace 301.the troubled look on his face不安的神情 302.shake my mood摆脱心境

303.on Storrow Drive: on Storrow Street 304.have sth/sw to oneself 305.exhibition hall 306.acknowledge to myself that…

307.don’t measure up to my expectations辜负了我的期望

308.be out of line(with sth)1.(与„)没有并列的2.不一致、不协调地309.a battle of wills 两种意志的对峙 310.stand up for

v.支持 311.life-sized 312.space capsule n.太空舱, 太空船 313.hold out for 坚持不放弃 314.let go of放弃 315.in a couple years