人教版高二同步辅导（含同步练习）语法复习

人教版高二同步辅导（含同步练习）语法复习（推荐4篇）

人教版高二同步辅导（含同步练习）语法复习 篇1

1. 过去分词做状语

2. 复习分词的各种形式(doing; having done; having been done)做状语。

知识总结与归纳：

(一)过去分词可以做一个陈述句的时间，原因，条件，让步等状语。

结构：过去分词短语，主句(主语+谓语)

相当于

(1)表示被动语态的时间，原因，条件，让步状语从句。

例：

1. Kicked out from this company, he had to find a new job.

2. Once published, his work became famous for the absence of rhyme at the end of each line.

3. Seen from the top, it looks as if the stadium is covered by a gray net of steel.

4. Bent roof and twenty-foot high walls of glass make them special when compared with other architecture from the same period.

5. Given more time, we would be able to do the work much better.

6. Left alone at home, Sam did not feel afraid at all.

7. Once translated into Chinese, the book became very popular among Chinese teenagers. (2)含主系表结构(be+V-ed形式)表示状态或性质的状语从句。

例：

1. Deeply interested in medicine, she decided to become a doctor.

2. Excited by our success, we decided to celebrate with dinner.

3. Shocked at the waste of money, I decided to leave that company.

4. Well-known for her skill as a designer, she was invited to work with the company.

5. Surprised at what Berry had done, he didn’t know what to say at first.

(二)过去分词表达的动作先于主句的动作，表示：已经被……

结构：having been done短语，主句(主语+谓语……)

1. Having been translated into Chinese, the book became very popular in China.

2. After having been examined carefully, the room was locked again.

3. Having been exhausted by the journey, he went straight to bed.

4. Having been taught many times, he still made the same mistake.

(三)复习：现在分词(doing短语)以及它的完成式(having done短语)做时间、原因，条件，让步状语;相当于表示主动意义的状语从句。

例：

结构：doing 短语，主句(主语+谓语……)

当……时，/由于……/如果……

having done短语，主句(主语+谓语……)

已经……之后

1. Living far from school, he is often late.

2. Knowing that her daughter got sick at school, she hurried to school to take her home.

3. Not having received any news from home for many years, she got more and more homesick.

4. Driving to the airport, he hit a boy on the bike.

5. Hearing the music, he began to get homesick.

6. Being quite ill, he had to give up the chance of going on a picnic.

7. Having got married, he lived separately from his parents.

(四)分词短语的逻辑主语应当与主句主语一致。如果分词短语的主语不是主句的主语，则分词短语的主语(名词)应放在分词前面。

1. Time permitting, we’ll call on our teacher.

2. Work finished, he prepared to return home.

3. The shower being over, we continued working.

(五)总结及解题思路：根据分词短语与主句主语的关系(主动，被动)和时间顺序(在主句动作之前，或与主句同时发生)来确定做状语的分词的形式。

(六)分词在陈述句后面，做陈述句的伴随状语或结果状语：表示伴随动作的分词根据它们与主句主语的关系(主动/被动)，选用doing或done短语表达。

1. He was standing, holding on to a tree that grew against the wall.

2. There she stopped, listening to the strange sounds, while the whole house moved.

3. At last he stopped running, sweat streaming down his face.

【典型例题】

一. 单项选择：

1. ____in 1636, Harvard is one of the most famous universities in the United States.

A. Being founded B. It was founded C. Founded D. Founding.

分析：根据句意： Harvard大学创建于1636年，“创建”与主句主语Harvard为被动关系。

答案：C

2. Hearing the news, he hurried out, ___ book ___ on the table and disappeared into the distance.

A. left; lain open B. leaving; lying open

C. leaving; lie open D. left; lying opened

分析：根据句意：听到这个消息，他匆匆跑出去，消失在远方，但他的书还打开着放在桌上。

hurried out和disappeared是连续的动作。而___ book ___ on the table则是伴随的动作。

答案：B

3. Though ____ money, his parents managed to send him to university.

A. lacked B. lacking of C. lacking D. lacking in

分析：根据句意：虽然缺少钱，他的父母还是想方设法把他送进了大学。Lack of(缺乏)与主语his parents为主动关系。

答案：B

4. ____ more attention, the tree could have grown better.

A. Given B. To given C. Giving D. Having given

分析：根据句意：如果给予更多的关注，树会长得更好。____ more attention做条件状语，give与主语the tree为被动关系，用过去分词做状语。

答案：A

5. ___ in thought, he almost ran into the car in front of him.

A. Losing B. Having lost C. Lost D. To lose

分析：由于走神了，他差点撞到汽车上。lost in thought形容词短语：走神。

答案：C

二. 翻译句子：

1. 泰德拒绝了朋友去海洋公园的邀请，因为他已经去过两次了。

答案：

Having been to the Ocean Park twice, Ted refused his friend’s invitation to go there.

Ted refused his friend’s invitation to go to the Ocean Park because he had been there twice.

2. 从远处看，这个岛屿就象一朵彩云。

答案：

Viewed from the distance, the island looked like a color cloud.

When it was viewed from the distance, the island looked like a color cloud.

3. 他出身与一个贫困家庭，只上过两年学。

答案：

Born into a poor family, he had only two years of schooling.

As he was born into a poor family, he had only two years of schooling.

4. First built as an exclusive playground for the 60’s jet set by a member of its own, A&P Supermarket heir Huntington Hartford, over the years the club did close some of its luster, but never its beautiful setting.

答案：

翻译：最初的时候，海洋俱乐部只是一个为六十年代有钱人阶层专门建立的私人俱乐部，其创建者Huntington Hartford是A&P超市的继承人，也是富人阶层的一分子。多年之后，俱乐部已失去原有的一些光彩，但是它那优美的环境依旧保存完好。

【模拟试题】(答题时间：50分钟)

一. 单项选择：

1. ____ wrong with the engine, he stopped his car.

A. Feeling something go B. Feeling something to go

C. To feel something gone D. Having felt something gone

2. ____my parents’ letter, I decided to write again.

A. Not receive B. Not to receive

C. Not received D. Not having received

3. The new machine, if ___ properly, will work for at least ten years.

A. use B. using C. being used D. used

4. ____, the young man is healthy and strong.

A. Fully developed B. Fully developing

C. Having fully developed D. To be fully developed

5. ___ to make a speech, he said he would be very glad to.

A. When asked B. When asking

C. To be asked D. When he was asking

6. When ___, the museum will be open to the public next year.

A. Completed B. completing

C. being completed D. to be completed

二. 完型填空

Norman Cousins was a businessman from the United States who often traveled around the world on business. He enjoyed his ___1__ and traveling.

Then after returning to the United States from a __2__ trip to Russia .Mr. Cousins got sick. Because he had pushed his body to the __3__ of its strength on the trip, a change began to take place _4__ him. The materials between his bones became __5__.

In less than one week after his return, he could not __6___. Every move that he _7___ was painful. He was not able to sleep at night. The doctors told him that they did not know how to cure Mr. Cousins’ problem and he might never ___8__ over the illness. Mr. Cousins, however, refused to give up ___9___.

Mr. Cousins thought that ___10___ thoughts were causing bad chemical changes in his body. He did not want to take medicine to cure himself. ___11__, he felt that happy thoughts or _12____ might cure his illness.

He began to _13__ on himself while still in hospital by watching funny shows on television. Mr. Cousins quickly found that 10 minutes of real laughter during the __14____ gave him two hours of pain-free sleep at night.

__15___ the doctors could not help him. Mr. Cousins left the hospital and checked into a hotel room where he could __16___ his experiments with laughter. For eight days, Mr. Cousins rested in the hotel room watching funny shows on television, reading funny books, and sleeping __17___ he felt tired. Within three weeks, he felt well __18____ to take a vacation to Puerto Rico where he began running on the beach for __19____.

After a few months, Mr. Cousins returned to work. He had laughed himself back to __20___.

1. A. time B. holiday C. sleep D. work

2. A. boring B. tiring C. dangerous D. pleasant

3. A. top B. degree C. problem D. limit

4. A. from B. around C. inside D. beside

5. A. weak B. ill C. false D. painful

6. A. speak B. breathe C. stand D. see

7. A. made B. did C. took D. gave

8. A. look B. get C. turn D. think

9. A. effort B. hope C. treatment D. arrangement

10. A. foolish B. unusual C. funny D. unhappy

11. A. Instead B. However C. Therefore D. Otherwise

12. A. sleep B. travel C. laughter D. television

13. A. rescue B. operate C. try D. experiment

14. A. day B. week C. month D. year

15. A. Promising B. Deciding C. Doubting D. Recognizing

16. A. invent B. begin C. continue D. prove

17. A. until B. whenever C. unless D. so that

18. A. soon B. completely C. slowly D. enough

19. A. exercise B. illness C. rest D. pleasure

20. A. power B. sense C. health D. happiness

三. 阅读理解：

A

It is important to know another language and how to communicate without words when you are in another country. Before saying anything, people communicate with each other by using gestures(手势). However, many gestures have different meanings, or no meaning at all, in different parts of the world.

In the United States, nodding your head up and down means “yes”, while in some pats of Greece and Turkey, it means “no”. In the southeast of Asia, it is a polite way of saying “I heard you”.

Today in the USA, when someone puts his thumb up, it means “Everything is all right.” However, in Greece it is bad. Also putting your clasped(紧握的)hands up above your head means “I am the winner.” It is the sign which players often make. In Russia it is the sign of friendship.

In the USA, holding your hand up with the thumb and index finger(食指), and the other three straight means “Everything is OK.” In France, it means “You are worth nothing.”

It is also important to make eye communication. If you look down when talking to an American, he or she may feel that you are shy, or you are trying to hide something.

Besides these, you should also know there are some topics that can not be talked about, such as age, weight and marriage. You can talk about the weather, work, sports, food, where one lives and news of the day.

1. Which of the following is true?

A. People all over the world only communicate by words.

B. Many gestures either have different meanings or no meanings at all.

C. Gestures are the most common way to communicate.

D. People can talk about anything in another country.

2. In Greece nodding your head means “_________.”

A. Yes. B. No

C. I heard you D. I am the winner

3. Putting the thumb up should not be used in _____.

A. Greece B. the USA C. England D. China

4. What does this sentence mean “….your action can speak louder than your words” ?

A. What you do is better than what you say.

B. You try your best to be polite.

C. You are better understood by your gestures than through your words.

D. What you say is better than what you do.

5. The main idea of the passage is that when you are in another country, _____.

A. it is important to know the language.

B .it is important to know what you talk about to a foreigner.

C. to know how to communicate without words is as important as to know the language.

D. to communicate through gestures is more important than to know the language.

B

The desire to make explorations is born with man. Wherever his imagination goes, man also has a strong wish to go. A large part of human history is considered with the exploration of the world in which we live. Again and again people have set out with surprising courage and patience to look into unknown regions and lands to see what had not yet been seen, to make the unknown known. With kites, balloons and aircraft they left the ground to pass through the lower atmosphere. Now the outer space receives their attention.

Why should man take the trouble of conquering space ? It is hard to list the specific practical benefits that will surely see and discover new things in space that will increase our scientific knowledge, and this new knowledge will find its way into valuable practical uses. What we learn about man himself, from his experience in space, and from the effects of space and the space flight environment on him, will be extremely valuable. The new techniques developed to carry out the exploration of space, and to keep man alive in space, will certainly find practical uses in everyday life in some way. The areas that will benefits are manifold. They include communication, generation of power, transportation and travel, food production, materials, fuels and many others. But to say definitely just what the practical results will be is almost impossible.

1. The main idea of the first paragraph is that ___.

A. man desire to explore what is unknown.

B. man often goes wherever his dreams go

C. man is no longer interested in the study of the land and sea now.

D. man’s history is his exploration of the world.

2. The word “manifold” in the second paragraph probably means ___.

A. vast B. various C. valuable D. practical

3. The author seems to be in favor of ___.

A. doubting the necessity of the space exploration

B. the exploration of space

C. exploring more in space than in sea

D. his experience in space

4. In the last sentence of Paragraph 2 the phrase “practical result” refers to the results ___.

A. that are obtained from experience

B. that can be learned as knowledge

C. that can be made use of

D. helping us make further exploration.

【试题答案】

一. 单项选择：

1. A

解析：____ wrong with the engine做全句的原因状语，feel与主语具有主动关系，用-ing形式做状语，go wrong做宾语something的补足语。

2. D

解析：由于没有受到父母的来信，在全句中做原因状语，动作在主句decided to write again动作之前，用-ing 的完成式Not having done结构做状语

3. D

解析：如果被使用恰当，过去分词做条件状语。

4. A

解析：如果进行全面发展，过去分词做状语，与主句主语构成被动关系。

5. A

解析：当被要求讲话时，他说他很高兴。

6. A

解析：当博物馆被完工(竣工)时，它将与明年对公众开放。

二. 完型填空

1. D

解析：他很喜欢他的工作和旅行出差

2. B

解析：从到俄罗斯的令人疲惫不堪的出差回到美国。Tiring预示下文提到的Mr. Cousins生病。

3. D

解析：在旅途中，他把他的身体的体力推向了极限

4. C

解析：于是他的身体内部发生了变化

5. A

解析：他的骨头之间的物质变得脆弱了。本题另外三个选项与主语搭配不合适。

6. C

解析：他几乎无法站立了

7. A

解析：他所做的每一个动作都让他感到疼痛。做运动：make a move

8. B

解析：医生告诉他，他们无法解决他的问题，他可能不能从他的疾病中恢复过来。get over：从病中恢复过来。

9. B

解析：Mr. Cousins拒绝放弃治疗的希望。

10. D

解析：Mr. Cousins认为一些不愉快的想法正在他的体内产生着某种化学变化。此处与下文的happy thoughts相对应。

11. A

解析：他不想进行药物治疗，相反，

12. C

解析：他认为愉快的想法或放声大笑 能治愈他的疾病。

13. D

解析：在住院期间他开始用观看滑稽电视节目来进行实验。experiment on somebody：拿某人做实验。

14. A

解析：他发现白天10分钟的开心大笑能给他带来夜间两小时的舒适睡眠。during the day对应下一句的at night.

15. B

解析：已经肯定医生无法再帮助他了。 deciding :确定。

16. C

解析：他离开医院在旅馆里继续他的实验。

17. A

解析：他在房间里反复看电视娱乐节目，读书，睡觉，做这些事直到他感到累了为止。

18. D

解析：他感到身体足够健康了

19. A

解析：他开始出国度假并在海边跑步锻炼。

20. C

解析：他通过笑使自己恢复了健康。

三. 阅读理解：

A

1. B

解析：细节判断题，根据第一段However, many gestures have different meanings, or no meaning at all, in different parts of the world.可以得知：许多手势在某些地区要么有着不同的含义要么根本就没有任何意义。

2. B

解析：根据第二段内容可以得知点头在希腊某些地区的含义。

3. A

解析：根据第三段：Today in the USA, when someone puts his thumb up, it means “Everything is all right.” However, in Greece it is bad.可以得知树大拇指在希腊的含义不同于在美国。它是“不好”的表示，不应使用。C，D两项文章没有涉及。

4. C

解析：语句理解。根据第一段内容：人们在国外与人交流要么懂得外语，要么学会使用手势交流。所以说“通过手势动作比通过语言能更好地被人理解。

5. C

解析：考查文章的主旨。第一段第一句交代了文章的主题。

B

1. A

解析：考查文章的主旨大意。从第一段Again and again people have set out with surprising courage and patience to look into unknown regions and lands to see what had not yet been seen, to make the unknown known.可知。

2. B

解析：词义猜测。从第二段The new techniques developed to carry out the exploration of space, and to keep man alive in space, will certainly find practical uses in everyday life in some way.可知the areas that will benefit是广泛多样的。文章下文说明获利饿各个方面。

3. B

解析：从全文看，作者对探索太空持赞成态度。

4. C

高二语文人教版《边城》同步练习 篇2

一、语基落实

1.下列加点字的注音全都正确的一项是( )

A. 接壤(rǎng) 碧溪岨(jū) 傩送(nuó)

B. 踹水(tuān) 角隅(yú) 鞶鼓(pán)

C. 嗤笑(chī) 碾坊(niǎn) 茶峒(tòng)

D. 俨然(yān) 眺望(tiào) 喧阗(tián)

2.下列各句中,加点成语使用正确的一项是( )

A. 情同手足的天保、傩送兄弟两个与翠翠演绎的一段凄婉而纯美的爱情在当今这个情爱泛滥的时代已成千古绝唱。

B. 盛夏的武汉城真不愧“火炉”之称,炎天烈日,流金铄石,不仅外地旅游者罕见,即使是本地市民也都愿意待在家中,享受着空调带来的清凉。

C. 名著《边城》是沈从文用热情、迷醉的歌喉对湘西的风物人情唱出的一曲心灵的恋歌,读来楚楚动人,令人感慨良多。

D. 农村各地婚丧嫁娶大操大办、一饭千金等现象有所回潮,这不但加重了群众的经济和精神负担,而且污染了社会风气,影响了社会主义新农村建设。

3.下列各句中,没有语病的一项是( )

A. 在美丽乡村建设过程中,我们要大力发扬健康向上的农村文化,积极倡导资源节约型、环境友好型的生产和生活方式。

B. 职业教育的意义不仅在于传授技能,更在于育人,因此,有意识地把工匠精神渗透进日常的技能教学中是职业教育改革的重要课题。

C. 城镇化不仅是简单的城市人口比例增加和面积扩张,而是要在产业支撑、人居环境、社会保障、生活方式等方面实现由“乡”到“城”的转变。

D. 著名作家梁晓声依然以执着的态度,直面转型社会时期中国社会的痼疾,字里行间灌注着作家深沉的“劝世”“醒世”“忧世”。

4.依次填入下面一段文字横线处的语句,衔接最恰当的一项是( )

沈从文的《湘行散记》各篇都相对独立,可以单独成篇,。,。,,。因而,本书的思想内容和情感意绪便显得十分复杂。

①成为深藏于作者胸间的锥心透骨的痛

②全书整体上又具有统一性和连贯性

③湘西居民古朴原始的生活与生命形式固然使人倾心神往

④其中人事情景、古今未来滚动交织融成一片

⑤浸透着作家发自内心的乡土悲悯情怀

⑥未来湘西的何去何从又让作者困惑迷茫

A. ④①②⑤⑥③B. ③②⑥①④⑤

C. ⑤②⑥③④①D. ②④⑤③⑥①

二、阅读理解

(一)课内阅读

阅读文本选段,完成下列小题。

白日里,老船夫正在渡船上,同个卖皮纸的过渡人有所争持。一个不能接受所给的钱,一个却非把钱送给老人不可。正似乎因为那个过渡人送钱气派有些强横,使老船夫受了点压迫,这撑渡船人就俨然生气似的,迫着那人把钱收回,使这人不得不把钱捏在手里。但到船拢岸时,那人跳上了码头,一手铜钱向船舱里一撒,却笑眯眯的匆匆忙忙走了。老船夫手还得拉着船让别一个人上岸,无法去追赶那个人,就喊小山头的孙女:

“翠翠,翠翠,为我拉着那个卖皮纸的小伙子,不许他走!”

翠翠不知道是怎么回事,当真便同黄狗去拦着那第一个下船人。那人笑着说:

“请不要拦我!……”

“不成,你不能走!”

正说着,第二个商人赶来了,就告给翠翠是什么事情。翠翠明白了,更紧拉着卖纸人衣服不放,只说:“不许走!不许走!”黄狗为了表示同主人的意见一致,也便在翠翠身边汪汪汪地吠着。其余商人都笑着,一时不能走路。祖父气吁吁地赶来了,把钱强迫塞到那人手心里,并且搭了一大束草烟到那商人的担子上去,搓着两手笑着说:“走呀!你们上路走!”那些人于是全笑着走了。

翠翠说:“爷爷,我还以为那人偷你东西同你打架!”

祖父就说:“嗨,他送我好些钱,我才不要这些钱!告他不要钱,他还同我吵,不讲道理!”

翠翠说:“全还给他了吗?”

祖父抿着嘴把头摇摇,闭上一只眼睛,装成狡猾得意神气笑着,把扎在腰带上留下的那枚单铜子取出,送给翠翠,且说:

“礼轻仁义重,我留下一个。他得了我们那把烟叶,可以吃到镇筸城!”

…………

一伙人上了渡船后,翠翠同祖父也上了渡船,祖父拉船,翠翠却傍花轿站定,去欣赏每一个人的脸色与花轿上的流苏。拢岸后,团总儿子模样的人,从扣花抱肚里掏出了一个小红纸包封,递给老船夫。这是当地规矩,祖父再不能说不接收了。但得了钱祖父却说话了,问那个人,新娘是什么地方人;明白了,又问姓什么;明白了,又问多大年纪;一起弄明白了。吹唢呐的一上岸后,又把唢呐呜呜喇喇吹起来,一行人便翻山走了。祖父同翠翠留在船上,感情仿佛皆追着那唢呐声音走去,走了很远的路方回到自己身边来。

祖父掂着那红纸包封的分量说:“翠翠,宋家堡子里新嫁娘年纪还只十五岁。”

翠翠明白祖父这句话的意思所在,不作理会,静静地把船拉动起来。

到了家边,翠翠跑还家中去取小小竹子做的双管唢呐,请祖父坐在船头吹《娘送女》曲子给她听,她却同黄狗躺到门前大岩石上荫处看天上的云。白日渐长,不知什么时节,守在船头的祖父睡着了,躺在岸上的翠翠同黄狗也睡着了。

5. 画线语句中,“翠翠明白了”,但为什么“更紧拉着卖纸人衣服不放”?

6. “那些人于是全笑着走了”一句中,那些人为什么“笑”?体现了作者什么样的理想?

7. 祖父的“狡猾”体现在什么地方?怎样理解“狡猾”一词的含义?

8. “翠翠,宋家堡子里新嫁娘年纪还只十五岁”,“翠翠明白祖父这句话的意思所在”,祖父这句话的意思是什么?

(二)拓展延伸

阅读下面的文字, 完成下列小题。

三贝先生家训

沈从文

年高有德的三贝先生不幸于今年正月初四日“遽返道山”了!这在C城是一种惊人的骚动,重大的损失。当三声落气炮响过后不到五分钟,全县城人便都在纷纷议论他的“平生大节”了。大凡贤者身后,总有一部分不能了解他伟大人格的人,常常立于反对方面加以攻讦诋毁。三贝先生自然也不是例外。也许是他太好——不然,便是C县的舆论太不公允了:你无论走到什么地方,见了一个卖豆腐或卖落花生的小贩,问他“三贝先生如何?”他答复了你所问以外,必定还附带加一句奚落三贝的话,如“那个吝啬鬼”或“那老怪物”一类的言辞。

据说三贝是无疾而终的。这正是一般“积德厚福”之人应有的事。不过,从田大伯妈处得来的消息,则又明明是因问他做校长的那个儿子索退抚育费不得而气死的。田大伯妈是与三贝有瓜葛的人。她女婿曾拜认过三贝隔房堂弟做干崽,大概这话总不是全无把柄!

总之,三贝先生是今年正月初四日午时死去了。是“无疾而终”还是“气伤肚肠”而死的,不是我们应措意的事,很可以不必再过问。倘若是真有那种好揽闲事的人寻根究底,只指示讣文给看就得了;讣文明明载着“享年七十有八……无疾而终”。

三贝是有钱有势的人,丧事自然是非常之热闹。他第五儿子是现在县署第二科的科员,第六儿子——就是有气死老子嫌疑的那个——又是中学的校长,儿孙又多,因之出殡那一天竟有许多人执绋。有用松柏枝扎成的香亭,有用白布缠就的灵轿,有十来个敲法器的大师傅,有各种无字的脚牌,有朱红绫子的铭旌,有写上“典型犹存”或“里失贤者”的挽联和祭幛,有两堂锣鼓及一队细乐,有一队制服整齐的学生,而且,知事大人也屈尊到送丧。此外,典狱官张四老爷,地方财产保管处田老爷,宋连长,复查局刘局长,初从上海毕业转来的九二先生……都莫不在大襟上佩了一朵白纸花,沉肃谨敬地在鼻涕眼泪一把抓的孝子前头走着。警察所长呢,另外又专派了四名着号衣年青的警兵,随同灵柩左右照料,免得那些打高脚牌、扛祭幛的小孩子,沿途吵嘴滋事。

“好热闹阔绰的丧事!”

当灵柩从道门口菜市过身时,许多妇人、老头子以及卖白菜的老孀,都带了羡慕神气这样说。

三贝先生生活就是这样结束了,也可谓“生荣死哀”。

不过,人虽死去,但其“嘉言懿行”流传于C城老一辈人口中的却很多很多。大体都关于“世道人心”。因此谨就我所知者,摘录一二;至其“出处大节”,则已有C县宿儒方梧庐先生为之作传,兹均不述及。

节抄家训:

过大桥时,应将脚步加速——但亦不必如驰如奔免撞损徐元记之窑货担子——不然,设于此时桥忽圮下,岂不危极险极?桥久不修,年代渊远,适于此时圮下,实亦“事所必至理有固然”者也!

进城时,到城洞下亦应加快一脚,尤其是曾经失火之东门。并须用双手将脑壳掩护,如此,既可防意外之虞,即或万一猛不知道于彼时从上面掉落一砖头瓦片,亦可因手在上而不至伤脑。至于到城门洞卖羊肉、卖粉条、卖布那种要钱不要命之事情,千万莫去做。最好连买也莫买,即或东西再好,价钱再贱。

有客久坐未动时,应不俟呼唤时时将茶献客。冲茶之水不必顶沸——不沸之水则尤好。若然,客即不知趣硬赖到吃饭后方去,其食量因喝水过多亦必大减。

逢年过节用大荤祀祖——其实不用亦可,不见“采藻明其洁”之训乎?——实在万不得已,最好是用零买法为佳。譬如称肉一斤,则分为四处称,每处四两。如此办法,既可选择皮薄骨少心所欲得之肉,而斤两上亦占便宜不少。

厕房粪坑到夏天粪过稀不能售出时,可加以草灰斗许;但应切记将草灰之价同时算入。

…………

三贝先生家训多至百余则,而每则均有独到之见解,此处但选其一小部分耳。其行为尤嵚崎不同于流俗,容当汇次编出,以介绍于“未获亲炙”三贝先生诸读者前。

C县大概是湖南一县,究竟在湖南那一处,我也不大清楚了。至其家训,除为代加标点外,初未敢易去一字。

一九二五年二月中旬作

(选自《沈从文文集》第八卷,有删改)

9. 下列对作品有关内容的分析和概括,最恰当的两项是 ( )

A. 小说开篇写三贝先生“遽返道山”,说“这在C城是一种惊人的骚动,重大的损失”,句中“惊人”和“重大”强调了三贝先生的死确实是C城的一大损失。

B. “三贝先生家训多至百余则,而每则均有独到之见解”,家训中所表现的虽然只是三贝先生一个人,但刻画的却是当时社会中具有典型意义的一类人物。

C. “遽返道山”“积德厚福”“典型犹存”“里失贤者”“嘉言懿行”“生荣死哀”这些赞美词语,用在三贝先生身上多少有些词不达意的意味。

D. 小说结尾说“C县大概是湖南一县,究竟在湖南那一处,我也不大清楚了”,这里的“我也不大清楚了”,实际上是在暗示读者这只是一个假托的故事。

E. 小说采用正面描写与侧面描写相结合的方式来塑造三贝先生这一形象,侧面描写三贝先生死后人们的种.种反应表现其性格特征,正面描写是通过家训表现其性格特征。

10. 小说的前一部分写三贝先生死后热闹阔绰的丧事,有何作用?请简要分析。

11. 三贝先生是怎样的一个人?请结合文本简要分析。

12. 这篇小说的语言风格独特,这与它所叙述的故事、塑造的人物、表达的主旨有关。请结合全文,谈谈你的看法。

三、表达交流

13.阅读《边城》中的一段文字,用“戍军政府”的口吻写一条简明的通知。

人教版高二同步辅导（含同步练习）语法复习 篇3

教学重难点：掌握分词的结构分类和主要用法

(一)词汇

host n. 男主人，男主持人

hostess n. 女主人

occur v. 发生

It occurs(to sb.)that…

fire n. 火

make a fire

catch fire

set fire to

set sth. on fire

put out the fire

scare v. 吓唬

scared a. 受惊吓的，害怕的

scary a. 吓人的，恐怖的

fright n. 恐惧

frighten v. 吓唬

frightened a. 受惊吓的，害怕的

frightening a. 吓人的，恐怖的

disaster n. 灾难

disastrous a. 灾难性的

rescue v. 救援

advance v. n. 前进，进步，预先

in advance

advanced a. 先进的

seize v. 抓住，取得

swallow v. 吞

chew v. 咀嚼

digest v. 消化

辨析draw，drag，pull

draw和drag都译为“拖，拽”，draw比起drag，更为轻盈，随意，但它俩都用于拉重物时可以互换，pull只是一般性词汇，只表示“拉、拽”与push相对。

struggle v. 斗争，挣扎

struggle against

struggle for/ to do

strive v. 斗争，努力

strive to do

endeavor v. 努力，奋力

endeavor to do

shake v. 摇晃，震动

shake one’s hand

shake hands with

shake one’s head

strike，tap，knock，pat

strike译为“打击，袭击，受感触”，

如：The president decides to strike the terrorism.

This city was struck by a severe tornado.

He was struck by the beautiful scenery.

tap译为“敲打，敲击”，与knock相近，knock译为“敲打，撞击”

pat译为“拍打”

如：“ … ” Father said to me patting my shoulder.

destroy v. 毁坏，摧毁

ruin v. 毁坏

in ruins

fear n.

for fear of

in fear of

fearful a. 害怕的，可怕的

be fearful of

fearless a. 无畏的

(二)本章语法

1. 分词的结构

我们所说的分词包括现在分词和过去分词

现在分词结构主要有：doing，being done，having done，having been done

过去分词只有done

2. 分词的用法

(1)分词做表语，

如：The basketball match was very exciting.

He was surprised to hear the news.

(2)分词做定语

如：The sleeping boy is my nephew.

The boy sleeping on the chair is my nephew.

This shop only sells used books.

The city destroyed in the World War Two is now very beautiful.

(3)分词做宾补

如：I saw him cooking just now.

He found his room cleaned.

(4)分词做状语，做状语的分词一般在句首，表示时间，方式，条件和原因，起到时间，方式，条件和原因状语从句的作用;放在句末一般表示伴随着谓语动词的一种情况或结果。

如：Entering the room, I found myself alone.

Being watched, he said nothing.

Crowded with people, the room can not hold any more.

Having finished his homework, he went out.

Having been asked to leave, he prepared his luggage.

Using this pen, you can write more fluently.

Considered from this point of view, this question is important.

Being busy, he didn’t go to the party.

Greatly inspired by the teacher’s words, they’ve made up their mind to study hard.

The girl went to school wearing a red skirt.

The professor walked to the lab, followed by some students.

While waiting there, he thought of a good idea.

When heated for a long time, water can boil.

On hearing the news, we were all surprised.

(5)分词的时态和语态

只有现在分词才有时态和语态形式的变化，而且只有它做状语和定语时才有，表语和宾补时的现在分词一般只用普通式doing。

现在分词一般表示与谓语动词同时发生或先于谓语动词发生的动作。

如：He came into the room, singing happily.

Hearing the news, she burst into laugh.

现在分词的完成式表示发生在谓语动词之前的动作，

如：Having eaten too much, he nearly couldn’t stand up.

Not having seen the result of the game, he asked the man next to him.

现在分词的被动语态一般表示一个被动的动作正在进行，

如：The man being operated on is his brother.

Being heated, water gives out steam.

现在分词的被动语态完成式一般表示一个被动的动作先于谓语动词已完成，

如：Having been surrounded, the enemy had to lay down their weapons.

Having been told not to go, they stayed there.

过去分词只有一种形式，同时表示被动与完成，与现在分词被动完成式相似，但后者更强调完成。

如：Given a good chance, he will succeed.

Having been given enough money, he set off.

【典型例题】

[例1] Don’t put the chair so near to the fireplace, dry wood ______ fire easy.

A. sets B. catches C. on D. put out

(答案为B，着火用catch fire)

[例2] Full of ______, he closed his eyes.

A. fright B. frighten C. frightened D. frightening

(答案为A，fright为名词)

[例3] ______ by the heavy typhoon, the city has changed a lot.

A. Struck B. Striking

C. Being struck D. Having been struck

(答案为D，被动且强调完成)

[例4] Unluckily, he didn’t ______ the opportunity in time.

A. hold B. take C. receive D. seize

(答案为D，“抓住机会”用seize)

[例5] Such a person ______ you talked about is seldom seen now.

A. that B. as C. who D. whom

(答案为B，such修饰先行词的定语从句中关系词用as)

[例6] He got up late, he had to run ______ to school.

A. all the way B. on the way

C. in the way D. by the way

(答案为A，all the way尽全力)

[例7] The big fire ______ many houses by now.

A. damages B. ruins C. destroys D. has destroyed

(答案为D，完成时)

[例8] The woman ______ was taken to the police station.

A. who caught stealing B. to be caught stealing

C. caught stealing D. caught to steal

(答案为C，定语加伴随，主动语态catch sb. doing，在某人做…抓住某人)

[例9] You can use a big plastic bottle ______ was cut off, as a pot to grow flowers in.

A. the top B. whose top

C. with its top D. the top of it

(答案为B，定语从句)

[例10] ______ for the bus, he read the newspaper.

A. Waited B. Waiting C. To wait D. Waited

(答案为B，现在分词表同时，主动)

[例11] The driver looked sadly at his broken car, ______ how much it would take him to repair it.

A. wondered B. wondering

C. being wondered D. wonders

(答案为B，同上)

[例12] ______ the long journey, they took a rest.

A. Finished B. Having finished

C. Finishing D. Having been finished

(答案为B，主动，完成)

[例13] ______ as the best one in the city, the factory was given a medal.

A. To regard B. Having regarded

C. Regarding D. Regarded

(答案为D，被动)

【模拟试题】

一. 单项选择填空

1. for the bus , he read the newspaper .

A. Waiting B. To wait C. Waited D. Being waited

2. His funny story made us .

A. are laugh B. laughed C. laugh D. to be laughing

3. Don’t let your son continue any longer .

A. to crying B. crying C. cry D. cried

4. Did you see the film last week ?

A. was showing B. was shown C. showing D. shown

5. The long talk was and all of us were of it .

A. tired .. tiring B. tiring … tired C. tiring … tiring D. tired … tired

6. We saw something from the tree .

A. hanging B. hangs C. has hanging D. was hung

7. The driver looked sadly at the broken car , how much it would cost to repair it .

A. wonder B. wonders C. wondered D. wondering

8. She was very with the students .

A. satisfy B. satisfied C. satisfying D. to satisfy

9. ,she saw a passenger passing by quickly .

A. To surprise B. Be surprised C. Surprising D. Surprised

10. translating the articles , they had a rest .

A. Finished B. Finishing C. To have finished D. Having finished

11. If you wave a piece of paper in front of your mouth , you can feel the air .

A. having moved B. moved C. moving D. to move

12. Huck immediately got the bike .

A. repaired B. to repair C. to be repaired D. repair

13. Every night the mad girl has the lights all night long .

A. burnt B. to burn C. burning D. to be burning

14. All the guests here , we began the dancing party .

A. had been B. be C. having been D. were

15. by the party , we are going forward from victory to victory .

A. Leading B. Lead C. Led D. To lead

16. as the best one in the city , the factory was given a medal .

A. To regard B. Having regarded C. Regarding D. Regarded

17. The students are waiting for the problems .

A. to settle B. settle C. to be settled D. steeling

18. that a storm was coming , the captain changed the course .

A. Having been warned B. To be warned

C. Having warned D. Warning

19. Not the colour TV set , she returned sadly .

A. buying B. bought C. having bought D. to be bought

20. working in the town , he made many good friends there .

A. If B. While C. As D. And

二. 改写填空根据第一句意思，在第二句的空白处用非谓语动词填空，每空限用一词使两句意保持不变。

21. While she was watching the film , she could not keep back her tears .

the film , she could not keep back her tears .

22. The explanation which you gave us is wrong .

The explanation us is wrong .

23. When he had collected all the materials , he set about writing the report .

all the materials , he set about writing the report .

24. I did not find my teacher’s house because I had been given a wrong address .

a wrong address , I didn’t find my teacher’s house .

25. If you think it over , you will have a good idea .

it over , you will have a good idea .

26. After he received the letter , he made a phone call to his girl friend .

the letter , he made a phone call to his girl friend .

27. As I don’t know much English , I’m afraid I can’t express myself clearly .

much English , I’m afraid I can’t express myself clearly .

28. Food that was prepared for him grew cold again .

Food for him grew cold again .

29. The package which was posted just now will reach her in four days .

The package just now will reach her in four days .

30. The old man went into the hospital and was supported by his daughter .

The old man went into the hospital , by his daughter .

31. As my deskmate was very ill , we picked him up to the hospital at once .

My deskmate very ill , we picked him up to the hospital at once .

32. The clothes which are being mended by the girl students are mine .

The clothes by the girl students are mine .

33. Tod stood there dumbfounded and held a large note in his hand .

a large note in his hand , Tod stood there dumbfounded .

34. The professor did the experiment while some students observed beside him .

The professor did the experiment with some students beside him .

三. 用括号所给的词的正确形式填空

1. (drive)too fast , he hit the tree .

2. Rooms (face)south get much light .

3. While (wander)by the river , he found a wallet lying on the ground .

4. The (lose)child was crying for his mother .

5. The pupils found a tin of paint (leave)by the workers .

6. (be)sick , he went to see a doctor .

7. (give)the information , he knew what to do next .

8. The story he told was so (interest)that we were all (interest)in it .

9. The news is (disappoint)and they are (disappoint)at it .

10. I never saw a man (wound)so badly .

11. There are a number of people (come)to get examined .

12. Some of the questions (raise)are very difficult to answer .

13. They were discussing the problems when they heard a name (call).

14. (live)here for years , the old man knows the place well .

15. How do you like the play (put)on now by the students of Class Three ?

16. When we got there , we found all the books (sell)out .

17. This is a (touch)story , I hope you will like it .

18. Sorry , I don’t know , you may ask the man (seat)there .

【试题答案】

一.

1. A 2. C 3. B 4. D 5. B 6. A 7. D

8. B 9. D 10. D 11. C 12. A 13. C 14. C

15. C 16. D 17. C 18. A 19. C 20. B

二.

1. Watching 2. given 3. Having collected 4. Having been given

5. Thinking 6. Having received 7. Not knowing 8. prepared

9. posted 10. supported 11. being 12. being mended

13. Holding 14. observing

三.

1. Driving 2. facing 3. wandering

4. lost 5. left 6. Being

7. Having been given 8. interesting , interested

9. disappointing , disappointed 10. wounded

11. coming 12. raised

13. called 14. Having lived

15. being put 16. sold

人教版高二同步辅导（含同步练习）语法复习 篇4

2. 掌握定语从句中必须用that的情况

（一）词汇

pronounce v. 发音

n. pronunciation

repeat v. 重复

adj. repeated 反复的，

majority n. 大多数 a majority of

adj. major 主要的，重要的

反义词 minority n. 少数 a minority of

adj. minor 次要的

native adj. 当地的，地道的

total adj./ n. 总的

in total

equal adj. 相等的，相当的

be equal to

government n. 政府

governor n. 执政官

except prep. 除了……还有

辨析except，except for，besides，in spite of，despite

except是介词，后面加名词或从句，

如：All of them went there except her.

He is always hot-tempered except when he sees her.

The coat is all right except the collar is a little tight.

except for也是介词词组，但它多强调对主句的补充说明，

如：The coat is all right except for the tight collar.

besides是介词，也是副词，表示“除了…还有…”，或“而且”

如：All the others went there besides her.

The price of this car is quite reasonable. Besides, we can give you some discount.

如：In spite of the heavy rain, he insisted leaving.

Despite the heavy rain, he insisted leaving.

organization n. 组织 World Trade Organization 世贸组织

tourism n. 旅游 tourist n. 游客

communicate v. 联系，交流 communicate with sb.

exchange v. 交换

bring in 引进

bring up 养育

compare v. 比较

compare A with B与compare A to B

compare A with B译为“把A和B做比较”

如：Compare this car with that one, you will find the difference at once.

compare A to B则译为“把A比喻为B”

如：People often compare a man to the sun, while woman to the moon.

compared with / to已经成为一个介词词组，经常做状语使用，

如：Nowadays the population has become quite big compared with/to the population at the beginning of this century.

（二）本章语法

定语从句中关系词必须用that的情况：

1. 被修饰的先行词是不定代词all，much，something，everything，nothing，none，the one等时，（注意：表示人的不定代词即可用that也可用who/whom）

如：Anyone who/that doesn’t like this film must tell me.

Do you have something that is very difficult to understand?

All（that）I can do is to give him some hope.

2. 被修饰的先行词还有一些特定意义的修饰词，如：the only、the very、just the、the right、any、every、no、all、much、many、little、few等，

如：The only thing（that）we know is that the universe is very big.

Any bus that can go there is OK.

This is just the/the very/the right book I am looking for.

There are few cars that are driving slowly.

Every car that has a high price is worth what it costs.

3. 被修饰的先行词还有序数词或最高级修饰，

如：This is the fifth book（that）you have read.

This is the best book（that）I have ever read.

4. 先行词既有人又有物或time，

如：Can you tell me the people and events（that）you saw in Britain?

The man and his dog that looked odd came to me quietly.

Each time that he came here, he would like to talk with her.

5. 句子中出现过which或who之类的词，为了避免重复，要用that，

如：Who is the man that is speaking?

The factory which produces shoes that are very good has gone bankrupt.

【典型例题】

[例1] Smokers always relax themselves by ______ of smoking.

A. way B. the way C. means D. method

（答案为C，by means of用…的方式）

[例2] The ______ number of the people invited are 55.

A. whole B. all C. total D. sum

（答案为C，表示总数，总额用total number）

[例3] Zhanghua is a good student and does well in maths. ______.

A. So is she B. Neither is she

C. So does she D. So it is with her

（答案为D，表示“也”时，如果遇到两种动词，就用so it is with sb.的形式）

[例4] ______ of people like you, that’s enough, don’t worry about the ______.

A. Main, rest B. Majority, minority

C. A majority, minority D. Majority, rest

（答案为C，“大多数”用a/the majority of，“少数”用a minority of）

[例5] He fell asleep with his book ______ open on his face.

A. lay B. lied C. lying D. laid

（答案为C，with的宾补，主动用现在分词）

[例6] The TV is quite good ______ the color is a little dark.

A. except B. except that

C. except when D. except for

（答案为B，except that加从句）

[例7] The third time ______ he came here, he could recognize（认出） most of us.

A. which B. C. whose D. when

（答案为B，先行词在定语从句中做时间状语）

[例8] Nothing ______ he said is useful.

A. what B. that C. which D. where

（答案为B，先行词是不定代词）

[例9] The doctor has done all ______ to save him.

A. which he could B. what he could

C. that he could it D. he could

（答案为D，all做先行词，且在定语从句中做宾语，可省略that）

[例10] People always learn things by doing them ______.

A. repeated B. repeating C. repeatedly D. repeatingly

（答案为C，repeatedly重复地）

[例11] ______ of the failures for many times, he kept on trying.

A. In spite B. despite C. because D. except

（答案为A，in spite of尽管）

[例12] The Olympic Games is ______.

A. well organizing B. well organized

C. good organizing D. good organized

（答案为B，副词修饰被动语态过去分词）

[例13] Children are often ______ flowers.

A. comparing to B. compared to

C. compared with D. comparing with

（答案为B，compare A to B，把A比做B）

【模拟试题】

一. 直接引语改间接引语。

1. This is all the teacher told us in class .

A. what B. that C. which D. of

2. This is the most difficult book .

A. which I have read it B. which I have read

C. I have read D. what I have read

3. He makes good use of the time he can spare（抽<时间>vt）.

A. which B. that C. in that D. in which

4. In the police station I saw the man from room the thief had stolen the TV set .

A. whom B. which C. whose D. that

5. - “ How do you like the book ? ”

- “ It’s quite different from I read last month . ”

A. that B. which C. the one D. the one what

6. It was he I met yesterday .

A. whose B. whom C. where D. which

7. to do now is to find out the meaning of this motto（座右铭）.

A. The thing what I want B. That I want C. What I want D.I want

8. I’m one of the boys never late for school .

A. that is B. who are C. who am D. who is

9. The young man is an engineer of our factory .

A. that you just talked B. whom you just talked to

C. which you just talked to D. who you just talked

10. The second book I want to read is Travels in China .

A. which B. what C. that D. as

11. The boy handed everything he had picked up in the street to the police .

A. which B. that C. what D. whatever

12. The only language is easy to learn is the mother tongue（母语）.

A. which B. whose C. that D. it

13. Guilin is the most beautiful place people all over the world want to visit .

A. where B. which C. what D. that

14. Is this museum they visited last month ?

A. that B. where C. which D. the one

15. Is this the museum they visited last month ?

A. when B. where C. which D. the one

16. This is the third time here .

A. I had been B. I was C. I have been D. I will be

17. It is in this park we met each other .

A. where B. that C. which D. when

18. This is the very house we are looking for .

A. which B. where C. that D. whose

19. I’ve read all the books you gave me .

A. which B. them C. what D. that

20. There isn’t much I can do .

A. what B. which C. that D. how

21. He keeps a record（记录）of everything he had seen there .

A. he B. that C. which D. what

22. Tell us about the people and the places are different from ours .

A. that B. who C. which D. whom

23. Mr John said that Suzhou was the first city he had visited in China .

A. that B. where C. which D. what

24. The TV play I watched last night is the best one I have watched this year .

A. which B. what C. whose D. that

25. I’ll shoot anyone moves .

A. who B. which C. in which D. the one

26. This is the very film I’ve long wished to see .

A. which B. that C. who D. whom

27. There is no difficulty can’t be overcome in the world .

A. that B. which C. who D. what

28. All glitters（v发光）is not gold .

A. that B. which C. 不填 D. what

29. The doctor did all to save the wounded boy .

A. what he could

B. he could

C. everything which he could

D. for which he could do

30. Anyone this opinion may speak out .

A. that against B. that againsts

C. who is against D. who are against

31. He took all was here and left nothing .

A. what B. that C. which D. whose

32. I’m one of the boys never late for school .

A. who is B. who are C. who am D. that is

33. I’m the only one of the boys never late for school .

A. who is B. who are C. who am D. that are

34. The first gift my parents was a necklace .

A. gave it to me B. gave me C. gave it me D. gave it for me

35. cleans the blackboard should be praised .

A. Anyone B. Who C. The one who D. Those who

36. Dalian is the most satisfactory（令人满意的）place we’ve visited .

A. which B. that C. where D. in which

37. You may borrow any book .

A. that you interest B. which you are interested

C. that interests you D. which interests you

38. She spent the whole night talking about the things and the persons none of us has ever heard of .

A. which B. who C. that D. whom

39. He told us he had done .

A. that all B. all that C. all which D. what all

【试题答案】

一.

1-10 BCBCCBCBBC 11-20 BCDDCCBCDC