初中英语定语从句练习

初中英语定语从句练习（精选8篇）

初中英语定语从句练习 篇1

（一）一、选择填空

1.Don’t talk about such things of _______ you are not sure.A.which

B.What

C.as

D.those 2.Is this the factory __________ you visited the other day? A.that

B.Where C.in which

D.the one 3.Is this factory __________ some foreign friends visited last Friday? A.that

B.where

C.which

D.the one 4.Is this the factory __________ he worked ten years ago? A.that

B.where

C.which

D.the one 5.The wolves hid themselves in the places __________ couldn’t be found.A.that

B.Where

C.in which

D.in that 6.The freezing point is the temperature __________ water changes into ice.A.at which

B.on that C.in which

D.of what 7.This book will show you __________ can be used in other contexts..A.how you have observed

B.what you have observed C.that you have observed

D.how that you have observed 8.The reason is __________ he is unable to operate the machine.A.because

B.why

C.that

D.whether 9.I’ll tell you __________ he told me last week.A.all which

B.That C.all that

D.which 10.That tree, __________ branches are almost bare, is very old.A.whose

B.of which

C.in which

D.on which 11.I have bought the same dress __________ she is wearing.A.as

B.That

C.which

D.what 12.He failed in the examination, __________ made his father very angry.A.which

B.it

C.that

D.what 13.We’re talking about the piano and the pianist _______ were in the concert we attended last night.A.Which

B.whom

C.who

D.that 14.The girl ________ an English song in the next room is Tom’s sister.A.who is singing

B.is singing

C.sang

D.was singing 15.Those ___ not only from books but also through practice will succeed.A.learn

B.Who

C.that learns

D.who learn 16.Anyone ________ this opinion may speak out.A.that against

B.that against

C.who is against

D.who are against 17.Didn’t you see the man ________?

A.I nodded just now

B.whom I nodded just now C.I nodded to him just now

D.I nodded to just now 18.Can you lend me the novel ______ the other day? A.that you talked

B.you talked about it C.which you talked with

D.you talked about 19.Is there anything _______ to you? A.that is belonged

B.that belongs C.that belong

D.which belongs 20.----“How do you like the book?”

----“It’s quite different from _______ I read last month.” A.that

B.which

C.the one

D.the one what 21.Mr.Zhang gave the textbook to all the pupils except _____ who had lready taken them.A.the ones

B.ones

C.Some

D.the others 22.The train _______ she was travelling was late.A.which

B.Where C.on which

D.in that 23.He has lost the key to the drawer _______ the papers are kept.A.where

B.in which

C.under which

D.which 24.Antarctic _______ we know very little is covered with thick ice all the year round.A.Which

B.Where

C.That

D.about which 25.It’s the third time _______ late this month.A.that you arrived

B.when you arrived C.that you’ve arrived

D.when you’ve arrived

26.It was in 1969 _______the American astronaut succeeded in landing on the moon.A.that

B.which

C.when

D.in which 27.May the fourth is the day ______ we Chinese people will never forget.A.which

B.When

C.on which

D.about which 28.We are going to spend the Spring Festival in Guangzhou, _______ live my grandparents and some relatives.A.Which

B.That

C.Who

D.where 29.The hotel _______ during our holidays stands by the seaside.A.we stayed at

B.where we stayed at C.we stayed

D.in that we stayed 30.Is it in that factory _______ “Red Flag” cars are produced? A.in which

B.Where

C.Which

D.that 31.It is the Suez Canal _______ separates Asia ______ Africa.A.which, to

B.where, from

C.that, from

D.that, with 32.Under the bridge, however, almost directly below, _______ was a small canoe, with a boy in it.A.There

B.Where

C.it

D.which 33.He is not ______ a fool _______.A.such, as he is looked

B.such, as he looks C.as, as he is looked

D.so, as he looks 34.Is that the reason _______ you are in favour of the proposal? A.Which

B.what

C.Why

D.for that 35.He must be from Africa, _______ can be seen from his skin.A.that

B.as

C.Who

D.what 36.He has two sons, _______ work as chemists.A.two of whom

B.both of whom

C.both of which

D.all of whom 37.I, _______ your good friend, will try my best to help you out.A.who is

B.who am

C.that is

D.what is 38.He is a man of great experience, _______ much can be learned.A.who

B.that

C.from which

D.from whom 39.----Do you know the town at all?---No, this is the first time I ________ here.A.was

B.have been

C.Came

D.am coming 40.I don’t like _______ you speak to her.A.the way

B.the way in that C.the way which

D.the way of which 41.The two things _______ they felt very proud are Jim’s gold watch and Della’s hair.A.about which

B.of which

C.in which

D.for which 42.The dinner was the most expensive meal we ______.A.would have

B.have had

C.had never had

D.had ever had 43.Do you know which hotel _______? A.she is staying

B.she is staying in C.is she staying

D.is she staying in 44.There is only one thing _______ I can do.A.what

B.that

C.all

D.which 45.Who can think of a situation ________ this idiom can be used? A.Which

B.that

C.Where

D.in that 46.I have many books, some of _______ are on chemistry.A.them

B.that

C.Which

D.those 47.They were interested _______ you told them.A.in which

B.in that

C.all that

D.in everything 48.The astronaut did many experiments in the spaceship, ________ much help for knowing space.A.which we think it is

B.which we think are of C.of which we think is

D.I think which is of 49.The great day we looked forward to _______ at last.A.come

B.came

C.coming

D.comes 50.I like the second football match _______ was held last week.A.which

B.who

C.that

D./ 初中英语定语从句练习题

（二）1.A football fan(球迷)is _____ has a strong interest in football.A.a thing that

B.something that

C.a person who

D.what 2.The house, _____ was destroyed in the terrible fire, has been repaired.A.the roof of which

B.which roof

C.its roof

D.the roof 3.Can you lend me the novel _____ the other day? A.that you talked

B.you talked about it C.which you talked with

D.you talked about 4.The matter _____ you were arguing about last night has been settled.A.That

B.What

C.why

D.for which 5.They talked for about an hour of things and persons _____ they remembered in the school.A.which

B.that

C.who

D.whom 6.Who _____ has common sense（常识）will do such a thing? A.which

B.who

C.whom

D.that 7.All the apples _____ fell down were eaten by the pigs.A.that

B.those

C.Which

D.what 8.They asked him to tell them everything _____ he saw at the front.A.what

B.that

C.which

D.where 9.I’ll tell you _____ he told me last night.A.all which

B.all what

C.that all

D.all 10.A child _____ parents are dead is called an orphan.A.who

B.who’s

C.whose

D.which 11.Is this the museum _____ you visited the other day? A.that

B.Where

C.in which

D.the one 12.Is this museum _____ some German friends visited last Wednesday? A.that

B.Where

C.in which

D.the one 13.-How do you like the book?-It’s quite different from _____ I read last month.A.that

B.which

C.the one

D.the one what 14.Which sentence is wrong? A.The finger I dipped into the cup was not the one I put it into my mouth.B.Do you know the boy who jumped onto the platform? C.Science and new technology have made it possible for farmers to produce more food on the same amount of land.D.People in ancient times took it for granted that the sun moved round the earth.15.The train _____ she was traveling was late.A.Which

B.where

C.on which

D.in that 16.He has lost the key to the drawer _____ the papers are kept.A.Where

B.on which

C.under which

D.which 17.Antarctic _____ we know very little is covered with thick ice all the year round.A.which

B.where

C.that

D.about which 18.It’s the third time _____ late this month.A.that you arrived

B.when you arrived C.that you’ve arrived

D.when you’ve arrived

19.He often helps the students _____ he thinks are not quick at their studies.A.Whom

B.Who

C.when

D.because 20.The Second World War _____ millions of people were killed ended in 1945.A.When

B.during that

C.in which

D.which 21.He was born in the year _____ the Anti-Japanese War broke out.A.Which

B.When

C.on which

D.during which 22.Mr.Crossett will never forget the day _____ he spent with his various students.A.when

B.which

C.during which

D.on which 23.This is just the place _____ I am longing to visit these years.A.that

B.where

C.in which

D.to where

24.We are going to spend the Spring festival in Guangzhou, _____ live my grandparents and some relatives.A.Which

B.that

C.Who

D.where 25.The hotel _____ during our holidays stands by the seaside.A.we stayed at

B.where we stayed at

C.we stayed

D.in that we stayed 26.I have bought the same dress _____ she is wearing.A.as

B.that

C.which

D.than 27.He is not _____ a fool _____.A.such/as he is looked

B.such/as he looks C.as/as he is looked

D.so/as he looks 28.Is that the reason _____ you are in favor of the proposal? A.which

B.what

C.Why

D.for that 29.Some of the roads were flooded, _____ made our journey more difficult.A.which

B.it

C.what

D.that 30.He must be from Africa, _____ can be seen from his skin.A.That

B.as

C.who

D.what 31.He has two sons, _____ work as chemists.A.two of whom

B.both of whom

C.both of which

D.all of whom 32.The buses, _____ were already full, were surrounded by an angry crowd.A.most of that

B.which most

C.most of which

D.that most 33.My glasses, _____ I was like a blind man, fell to the ground and broke.A.which

B.with which

C.without which

D.that 34.Mr.Wu, _____ everybody likes, is going to give us a talk on chemistry.A.whom

B.That

C.which

D./ 35.This is Mr.Smith, _____ I think has something interesting to tell us.A.Who

B.Whom

C.that

D./ 36._____, the compass was first made in China.A.It is know to all

B.It is known that

C.We all know

D.As is known to all 37.I, _____ your good friend, will try my best to help you out.A.who is

B.who am

C.that is

D.what is 38.He is a man of great experience, _____ much can be learned.A.who

B.that

C.from which

D.from whom 39.It was such a serious mistake, _____ caused by carelessness.A.which I think was

B.which I think it was C.I think which was

D.I think which it was 40.He lived in London for 3 months, during _____ he picked up some English.A.This

B.Which

C.that

D.when 41.The general at last got a chance to visit the village _____ he used to fight, _____ he had been dreaming of for years.A.that/which

B.where/that

C.in which/what

D.where/which 42.I will hire the man _____ they say is a good English speaker.A.Who B.That

C.which

D.whom 43.He has to work on Sundays, _____ he does not like.A.and which

B.which

C.and when

D.when 44.I gave him a warning, _____ he turned a deaf ear.A.of which

B.for which

C.to that

D.to which 45.My father has made me _____ I am.A.who

B.which

C.what

D.that 46.She is one of the few girls who _____ passed the examination.A.Was

B.were

C.has

D.have 47.He is my son, _____ a better son does not exist.A.but

B.than who

C.against whom

D.than whom 48.As many members _____ were present agreed to the plan.A.Who

B.that

C.which

D.as 49.You may call on me from one to five o’clock, during _____ I am always at home.A.the time

B.what time

C.that time

D.which time 50.China is the birthplace of kites, _____ kiteflying（放风筝）spread to Japan, Korea, Thailand and India.A.from there

B.Where

C.from where

D.there Keys [参考答案]

一、1—5 AADBA 6—10 ABCCA

11—15 AADAD

16—20 CDDBC 21—25 ACBDC

26—30 AADAD 31—35 CABCB

36—40 BBDBA

41—45 BDBBC

46—50 CDBBC

二、1-5 CADAB

6-10 DABDC

11-15 ADCAC

16-20 ADCBC 21-25 BBADA

26-30 ABCAB

31-35 BCCAA

36-40 DBDAB 41-45 DABDC

46-50 DCDDC

一、定语从句的概念

在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，定语从句一般放在先行词的后面。

二、定语从句的关系词

引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词和关系副词，常见的关系代词包括that，which，who（宾格whom，所有格whose）等，关系副词包括where，when，why等。关系代词和关系副词放在先行词及定语从句之间起连接作用，同时又作定语从句的重要成分。

三、定语从句的分类

根据定语从句与先行词的关系，定语从句可分为限制性定语从句及非限制性定语从句。限制性定语从句紧跟先行词，主句与从句不用逗号分开，从句不可省去，非限制性定语从句主句与从句之间有逗号分开，起补充说明作用，如省去，意思仍完整。

四、关系代词的用法

1.that 既可以用于指人，也可以用于指物。在从句中作主语或宾语，作主语时不可省略，作宾语可省略。例如：

Mary likes music that is quiet and gentle.玛丽喜欢轻柔的音乐。（that作主语）

The coat（that）I put on the desk is blue.我放在桌子上的那件外套是蓝色的。（that作宾语）

2.which用于指物，在句中作主语或宾语，作主语不可省略，作宾语可省略。例如：

The building which stands near the train station is a supermarket.位于火车站附近的那座大楼是一家超市。（作主语）

The film（which）we saw last night was wonderful.我们昨天晚上看的那部电影很好看。（作宾语）

3.who，whom用于指人，who 用作主语，whom用作宾语。在口语中，有时可用who代替whom，也可省略。例如：

The girl who often helps me with my English is from England.经常在英语方面帮助我的那个女孩是英国人。（作主语）

Who is the teacher（whom）Li Ming is talking to？ 正在与李明谈话的老师是谁？（作宾语）

注意：（1）当定语从句中含有介词，介词放在句末时，who，that，which可省略，但介词在关系代词前时，只能用“介词+which/whom”结构。例如：

This is the house in which we lived last year.这是我们去年居住的房子。

Please tell me from whom you borrowed the English novel.请告诉我你从谁那借的这本英文小说。

（2）含有介词的固定动词词组中，介词不可前置，只能放在原来的位置上。例如：

This is the person whom you are looking for.这就是你要找的那个人。

（3）that 作介词的宾语时，介词不能放它的前面，只能放在从句中动词的后面。例如：

The city that she lives in is very far away.她居住的城市非常远。

（4）关系词只能用that的情况：

a.先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰，或本身是序数词、基数词、形容词最高级时，只能用that，而不用which.例如：

He was the first person that passed the exam.他是第一个通过考试的人。

b.被修饰的先行词为all，any，much，many，everything，anything，none，the one等不定代词时，只能用that，而不用which.例如：

Is there anything that you want to buy in the shop？ 你在商店里有什么东西要买吗？

c.先行词被the only，the very，the same，the last，little，few 等词修饰时，只能用that，而不用which.例如：

This is the same bike that I lost.这就是我丢的那辆自行车。

d.先行词里同时含有人或物时，只能用that，而不用which.例如：

I can remember well the persons and some pictures that I saw in the room.我能清楚记得我在那个房间所见到的人和一些照片。

e.以who或which引导的特殊疑问句，为避免重复，只能用that.例如：

Who is the girl that is crying？ 正在哭泣的那个女孩是谁？

f.主句是there be 结构，修饰主语的定语从句用that，而不用which.例如：

There is a book on the desk that belongs to Tom.桌子上那本书是汤姆的。

（5）关系词只能用which，而不用that 的情况：

a.先行词为that，those时，用which，而不用that.例如：

What’s that which is under the desk？ 在桌子底下的那些东西是什么？

b.关系代词前有介词时，一般用which，而不用that.例如：

This is the room in which he lives.这是他居住的房间。

c.引导非限制性定语从句，用which，而不用that.例如：

Tom came back，which made us happy.汤姆回来了，这使我们很高兴。

五、关系副词的用法

（1）when指时间，其先行词表示时间，在句中作时间状语。例如： This was the time when he arrived.这是他到达的时间。

（2）where指地点，其先行词表示地点，在句中作地点状语。例如：

This is place where he works.这是他工作的地点。

（3）why 指原因，其先行词是原因，起原因状语作用。例如： Nobody knows the reason why he is often late for school.自我测试 / Test Yourself

1.-Do you know the man ______is talking with your father？

-Yes，he’s our headmaster.A.he B.who C.which D.whom

2.Is this the river _____I can swim？

A.which B.in which C.that D.the one

3.This is the best hotel in the city _____I know.A.where B.which C.that D.it

4.Can you lend me the dictionary ______the other day？

A.that you bought B.you bought it

C.that you bought it D.which you bought it

5.Anyone ______with what I said may put up you hands.A.which agrees B.who agree

C.who agrees D.which agree

6.My watch is not the only thing ______ is missing.A.that B.it C.which who

7.The man ______coat is black is waiting at the gate

A.who’s B.whose C.that of which.8.The girl ______ is reading under the tree _____my sister.A.which； is B.whom； was C.who； is D.who； was

9.I love places ______the people are really friendly.A.that B.which C.where D.who

10.The world ______ is made up of matter.A.in that we live B.on which we live

C.where we live in D.we live in

Ⅱ.用适当的关系代词that，which，who，whom填空。

1.The first thing ______you must do is to have a meal.2.April 1st is the day _____is called April Fool’s Day in the west.3.The family _____had lost everything in a big fire got much help from their friends.4.The house _____we live in is very old.5.Didn’t you see the man ______I talked with just now？

参考答案：

初中英语定语从句练习 篇2

英语定语从句分限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。现就它们的翻译方法分述如下:

1、限制性定语从句

1.1 前置法

采用“的”的结构, 把从句部分译成汉语的定语, 置于被修饰词之前。

The room which served for studio was bare and dusty.

这个用作工作室的房间空荡荡的, 布满灰尘。

Nothing can take the place of complete rest such as you canget from sleep.

什么也代替不了从睡眠中得到的充分休息。

I like a room whose window looks out over the sea.

我想要一间窗户面临大海的房间。

On the day before we left home there came a snowstorm.

在我们出发的前一天, 下了一场暴雪。

1.2 后置法

如果从句部分的译文较长, 前置显得不合乎汉语习惯, 可译成后置的并列分句, 有时要重复先行词。

Inertia is that property of matter because of which a forcemust be exerted on a body in order to accelerate.

惯性是物质的一种特性, 由于这个特性, 必须对一物体施加一种力才能使它加速运动。

Phamacology is the science which deals especially with chemical changes in medicine as a result of which it is possibleto develop new drugs.

药理学是一门科学, 它专门研究医药中的化学变化, 从而有可能开发新药。

These children have caring and loving parents who have notharmed them in any way whatsoever.

这些孩子的父母关心爱护他们, 而且从来没有以任何方式伤害过他们。

1.3 溶合法

在There be句型中, 常把主语和定语从句溶合成单句

There no places on the earth that the foot of man has nottrodden.

地球上没有一个地方人类没有到过。

There are doctors who have grown up without having beencalled to treat a case of rabies.

有些很有经验的医生从未接诊过狂犬病人。

There are very few but admire his talents.

很少有人不欣赏他的才干。

There is much which will be unpleasing to the English reader.

有些东西会使英国读者不愉快。

2、非限制性定语从句

2.1 前置法

限制性定语从句一般是描述性的或署名性, 如果从句比较短, 仍可译成前置定语。

He liked his sister, who was warmkind, but did not like his brother, who was aloof and arrogant.

他喜欢他那活泼和蔼的姐姐, 不喜欢他那冷漠高傲的哥哥。

But his laugh, which was very infectious, broke the silence.

他那富有感染力的笑声打破了沉默。

2.2 后置法

译成并列分句 (重复或不重复先行词)

It is possible to find in an enectric field a large number ofpoints, all of which have the same potentials.

可以在一个电场中找到许许多多的点, 所有点都具有相同的电位。

Food is taken in through the mouth, where it is chewed and mixed with saliva.

食物经口摄入, 在口腔内咀嚼并与唾液拌合。

There are 103 elements found in nature, most of which are metals.

已经发现自然界有103种元素, 其中大多数元素是金属。

3、状语性定语从句

有些定语从句, 包括限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句, 在语义上具有状语的功能, 可表达时间、原因、条件、结果、让步、目的等。可译成相应的词或句。

I saw Mr.Li, who was walking on tha street.

我看见李先生, (当时) 他正在街上走着。 (时间)

The sick child, who had been given the medicine, soon fell asleep.

患儿服药后很快就入睡了。 (时间)

We don’t like the room, which is cold.

我们不喜欢那个房间, (因为) 它很冷。 (原因)

He would know nothing who wants to know everything.

(假如) 什么都想学, 就什么也学不到。 (条件)

The vampire bat attacked the cattle, which sickened and died.

吸血蝙蝠袭击家畜, 造成家畜生病死亡。 (结果)

There was something orginal, independent and heroric about the plan that oleased all of them.

这个方案富于创造性、独出心裁、很有魄力, 使他们都很满意。 (结果)

Some of the patients, who had taken the medicine, showed no better because they had neglected the doctor’s advice.

有些患者虽然服了药, 仍不见好转, 因为他们未遵医嘱。 (让步)

The disease, which may occur at any age, is most frequent in early adult life.

虽然该病可发生在任何年龄的人, 但在青年人中最为常见 (让步)

Envoys were sent out who should promote friendly relationswith other countries.

对外派出使节, 目的是促进与其它国家的友好关系。 (目的)

Singapore has a welfare called the central provident, which ensures that the retired have a nest egg.

新加坡有一项被称为“中央节俭基金“的福利计划, 以保证退休者有一份养老金。 (目的)

以上介绍的定语从句翻译尚不完善, 现抄录两句英文及其翻译, 供读者和同仁体味其翻译之妙。

President Reagan is only the latest in a long line of intergovernmentalists who want to make sense of the functions of national, stateand local governments.

主张各级政府协调整治的人, 历来都有, 他们的意图是要充分发挥联邦、州和地方政府的职能。里根总统只不过是最新代表人物。

The Gross family are returniks—Russians who emigrated to the west and now decided to return.

格罗斯一家人是回国移民, 他们原是移居西方的俄罗斯人, 现在决定回国定居。

参考文献

[1].张培基、喻云跟, 李宗杰:英汉翻译教程, 上海外语教育出版社2010

谈初中英语定语从句用法 篇3

在主从复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。“某一名词或代词”叫先行词，定语从句要放在先行词的后面。其句子顺序为：...先行词+关系词+定语从句...

二、定语从句的关系词

引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词和关系副词，常见的关系代词包括that，which，who（宾格whom，所有格whose）等，关系副词包括where，when，why等。关系代词和关系副词放在先行词及定语从句之间起连接作用，同时又作定语从句的重要成分。

三、定语从句的分类

根据定语从句与先行词的关系，定语从句可分为限制性定语从句及非限制性定语从句。限制性定语从句紧跟先行词，主句与从句不用逗号分开，从句不可省去. 非限制性定语从句主句与从句之间有逗号分开，起补充说明作用，如省去，意思仍完整。

四、关系代词的用法

1. that 既可以用于指人，也可以用于指物。在从句中作主语或宾语，作主语时不可省略，作宾语可省略。例如：

Mary likes music that is quiet and gentle.玛丽喜欢轻柔的音乐。（that作主语）

The coat （that） I put on the desk is blue.我放在桌子上的那件外套是蓝色的。（that作宾语）

2.which用于指物，可作主语或宾语，作主语不可省略，作宾语可省略。例如：

The building which stands near the train station is a supermarket.位于火车站附近的那座大楼是一家超市。（作主语）

The film （which） we saw last night was wonderful.我们昨天晚上看的那部电影很好看。（作宾语）

3.who，whom用于指人，who 用作主语，whom作宾语。在口语中，有时可用who代替whom， 也可省略。例如：The girl who often helps me with my English is from England.

经常在英语方面帮助我的那个女孩是英国人。（作主语）

Who is the teacher （whom） Li Ming is talking to？

正在与李明谈话的老师是谁？（作宾语）

注意：（1）当定语从句中含有介词，介词放在句末时，who，that，which可省略，但介词在关系代词前时，只能用“介词+which/whom”结构。例如：This is the house in which we lived last year.这是我们去年居住的房子。

Please tell me from whom you borrowed the English novel.

请告诉我你从谁那借的这本英文小说。

（2）含有介词的固定词组，介词不可前置，只能放在原来的位置上。例如：This is the person whom you are looking for. 这就是你要找的那个人。

（3）that 作介词的宾语时，介词不能放它的前面，只能放在从句中动词的后面。例如：The city that she lives in is very far away.她居住的城市非常远。

（4）关系词只能用that的情况：

a. 先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰，或本身是序数词、基数词、形容词最高级时，只能用that，而不用which.例如：He was the first person that passed the exam. 他是第一个通过考试的人。

b.被修饰的先行词为all， any， much， many， everything， anything， none， the one等不定代词时，只能用that，而不用which.例如：Is there anything that you want to buy in the shop？你在商店里有什么东西要买吗？

c.先行词被the only， the very， the same， the last， little， few 等词修饰时，只能用that，而不用which.例如：This is the same bike that I lost.这就是我丢的那辆自行车。

d. 先行词里同时含有人或物时，只能用that， 而不用which.例如：I can remember well the persons and some pictures that I saw in the room.我能清楚记得我在那个房间所见到的人和一些照片。

e.以who或which引导的特殊疑问句，为避免重复，只能用that.例如：Who is the girl that is crying？ 正在哭泣的那个女孩是谁？

f.主句是there be 结构，修饰主语的定语从句用that，而不用which.例如：There is a book on the desk that belongs to Tom. 桌子上那本书是汤姆的。

（5）关系词只能用which，而不用that 的情况：

a.先行词为that， those时，用which， 而不用that.例如：

What's that which is under the desk？ 在桌子底下的那些東西是什么？

b.关系代词前有介词时，一般用which，而不用that.例如：This is the room in which he lives. 这是他居住的房间。

c.引导非限制性定语从句，用which， 而不用that.例如：

Tom came back， which made us happy. 汤姆回来了，这使我们很高兴。

五、关系副词的用法

（1）when指时间，其先行词表示时间，在句中作时间状语。例如：This was the time when he arrived.这是他到达的时间。

（2）where指地点，其先行词表示地点，在句中作地点状语。例如：This is place where he works.这是他工作的地点。

（3）why 指原因，其先行词是原因，起原因状语作用。例如：Nobody knows the reason why he is often late for school.

没人知道他为什么上学总迟到。

初中英语定语从句教学反思 篇4

辉南八中 姚春艳

本节课我设计的是定语从句的语法教学。定语从旬是初中英语语法教学的一个难点，同时也是初中英语教学的重点。它是一个常见的语言现象，在初中阶段，定语从句只要求初步掌握，会运用相应的关系词填空就可以了，可是为了能让学生在日常生活和学习中，能充分运用这一种句型，也是为学生进入高中继续学习定语从句打基础，所以我大胆的将定语从句的重点和难点扩大和加深。定语从句的运用，在历届中考试题中也经常出现。并且广泛分布于单选、完型填空和阅读甚至短文改错等各种题型当中。因此，对于初中阶段的学生来说，学好定语从句对中考乃至将来的高考都是十分重要的。下面是我的教学反思:

一、设计意图

我设计的整体教学环节是这样的：我准备用三节课时间来学习定语从句，第一节为感性认知阶段，即让学生通过大量的定语从句发现定语从句的规率，认识定语从句的结构、连接词，如何根据一个句子找到先行词并对其进行定语从句的书写。由于定语从句比较难懂，所以很多学生一定不是很清楚，也不一定很容易就能说出如何构造一个定语从句，这也不要紧，本节的重点是观察和理解，主要在说上下功夫。第二节课为感性认知到理解阶段，即在复习上节课定语从句的构成规率、各部分的概念和基本句式的基础上，让学生由说到写的过程，通过让学生用定语从句书写自已喜欢的人和物（如最喜欢的天气、歌手、运动、电影、服装等）来深化对定语从句的理解和运用。主要在写上下功夫。第三节，为综合运用阶段,即在上两节课的基础上，说写之后，学生对定语从句已经有了一定的理解和运用，本节的重点是句型操练，书写句子和练习题巩固。最后完成一个相应的听力练习。三节课学生达到运用定语从句的目的。本节只是整个环节的三分之一。

二、各环节完成情况：

（一）、要准确理解定语从句的概念

在复合句中用于限定或修饰名词、代词的从句叫做定语从句，被定语从句所限定或修饰的名词、代词叫做先行词，定语从句一般放在先行词之后。通过例句进行教学：This is the engineer who give us a talk on science and technology(这就是要给我们作关于科学学术报告的工程师)，这句话中who give us a talk on science and 1 technology就是定语从句，修饰先行词engineer，从旬中的who是关系代词，引导定语从旬。完成较好。

（二）、理解定语从句的构成

关系代词或副词+陈述旬。其中关系代词有：who，whom whose，which，that，as等，关系副词有：when，where，why等 关系代词在句中有双重功能：

1、代表前面所修饰的先行词，将从句和主句连接起来；

2、在定语从句中充当句子成分。

例如上面的例旬中关系代词“who”，它一方面起连接先行词和定语从句的作用，另一方面在从句中充当主语成分，在句子中不能翻译成为“谁”，而相当于“……的”。在讲述构成时，我没有太说清楚，应再重点强调下从句部分为关系代词或副词+陈述句就更好了。

（三）、掌握引导定语从句的关系代词和关系副词的用法

1、由who，whom whose引导的定语从句的用法

在这类定语从旬中，当定语从旬所修饰的先行词是人的时候用who，whom和whose，who充当主语或宾语的成分，但多作主语，whom充当宾语，而whose充当定语。关系代词作主语时定语从句中谓语的数取决于先行词的数。例如：

(1)This is the thiefwho stole my bike．这就是偷我自行车的那个贼。

(2)He is the boy whom you wanted to find．他就是你想要找的那个男孩。

(3)The missing pilot whose[1ame is Wang Wei is known as a hero of our country．失踪的那位名字叫王伟的飞行员被认为是我们国家的英雄

2、由that、which引导的定语从句

当定语从句所修饰的先行词是物的时候，用关系代词that、which，当然that可以指人也可以指物，当作物的时候可以和which替换使用，在从句中作主语或宾语。例如：

(1)The comrade that(who)is speaking at the meeting is an advanced worker．正在会上讲话的那个同志是个先进工人。

(2)Is this the doctor that(whom)you talked about yesterday?这就是你们昨天谈论的那位医生吗?

3、由when，where and why引导的定语从句

它们引导定语从句时，分别在句子中作时间状语、地点状语和原因状语。where在从旬中作地点状语，when在从句中作时间状语，Why在从旬中作原因状语。如：

(1)I will never forget the day when I joined the League．我永远忘不了我入团的那一天。

(2)He will go back to the school where he studied next week．下周他要回到他曾经学习过 的学校。

(3)I don’t know the reason why he quarreled with Zhang Lin．我不知道他同张琳吵架的原因。

（四）、注意掌握初中英语语法“定语从句”中的一些特殊情况

1、介词+关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词在定语从句中做介词宾语时，从句常由介词+关系代词引导

(1)The school(that／which)he once studied in is very famous．

(2)The school in which he once studied is very famous．

(3)Tomorrow 1 will bring here a magazine(that／which)you asked for．

(4)Tomorrow I ll bring here a magazine for which you asked．

(5)we’l1 go to hear the famous singer(whom／that／who)we have often talked about．

(6)we’ll go to hear the famous singer about whom we have often talked．

注意：1．含有介词的动词短语一般不拆开使用，如：look for，]ook after，take care of等

(1)This is the watch which／that I am looking for．(T)

(2)This is the watch for which I am looking．(F)

2、只能用that作为定语从旬的关系代词的情况

(1)当先行词为 anything，nothing，everything，the one，all，much，few，any，little只用that，不用which。例如；You should do all that is useful to yourself．

(2)当先行词为the only，the very，the same，the last，just 修饰时，只用that。例如：This is the last place that I want to visit．

(3)先行词为序数词、形容词最高级时，只用that。． 例如：This is your second time that you tell us the story．

(4)先行词既有人，又有物时。

We talked about the things and persons that we were interested in．

3、不能用that作为定语从句的关系代词的情况

(1)在引导非限定性定语从句时。

Last night I saw a very good film，which was about the Anti——Japanese War 4

(2)介词后不能用。

We depend on the land from which we get our food．

We depend on the land that／which we get our food from

定语从句 名词性从句练习题 篇5

A.which

B.what

C.as

D.those

2.Isthisthefactory__________youvisitedtheotherday?

A.that

B.where

C.inwhich

D.theone

3.Isthisfactory__________someforeignfriendsvisitedlastFriday?

A.that

B.where

C.which

D.theone

4.Isthisthefactory__________heworkedtenyearsago?

A.that

B.where

C.which

D.theone

5.Thewolveshidthemselvesintheplaces__________couldn’tbefound.

A.that

B.where

C.inwhich

D.inthat

6.Thefreezingpointisthetemperature__________waterchangesintoice.

A.atwhich

B.onthat

C.inwhich

D.ofwhat

7.Thisbookwillshowyou__________canbeusedinothercontexts..

A.howyouhaveobserved

B.whatyouhaveobserved

C.thatyouhaveobserved

D.howthatyouhaveobserved

8.Thereasonis__________heisunabletooperatethemachine.

A.because

B.why

C.that

D.whether

9.I’lltellyou__________hetoldmelastweek.

A.allwhich

B.that

C.allthat

D.which

10.Thattree,__________branchesarealmostbare,isveryold.

A.whose

B.ofwhich

C.inwhich

D.onwhich

11.Ihaveboughtthesamedress__________sheiswearing.

A.as

B.that

C.which

D.what

12.Hefailedintheexamination,__________madehisfatherveryangry.

A.which

B.it

C.that

D.what

13.We’retalkingaboutthepianoandthepianist__________wereintheconcertweattendedlastnight.

A.which

B.whom

C.who

D.that

14.Thegirl__________anEnglishsonginthenextroomisTom’ssister.

A.whoissinging

B.issinging

C.sang

D.wassinging

15.Those__________notonlyfrombooksbutalsothroughpracticewillsucceed.

A.learn

B.who

C.thatlearns

D.wholearn

16.Anyone__________thisopinionmayspeakout.

A.thatagainsts

B.thatagainst

C.whoisagainst

D.whoareagainst

17.Didn’tyouseetheman__________?

A.Inoddedjustnow

B.whomInoddedjustnow

C.Inoddedtohimjustnow

D.Inoddedtojustnow

18.Canyoulendmethenovel__________theotherday?

A.thatyoutalked

B.youtalkedaboutit

C.whichyoutalkedwith

D.youtalkedabout

19.Isthereanything__________toyou?

A.thatisbelonged

B.thatbelongs

C.thatbelong

D.whichbelongs

20.----“Howdoyoulikethebook?”

----“It’squitedifferentfrom__________Ireadlastmonth.”

A.that

B.which

C.theone

D.theonewhat

21.Mr.Zhanggavethetextbooktoallthepupilsexcept__________whohadalreadytakenthem.

A.theones

B.ones

C.some

D.theothers

22.Thetrain__________shewastravellingwaslate.

A.which

B.where

C.onwhich

D.inthat

23.Hehaslostthekeytothedrawer__________thepapersarekept.

A.where

B.inwhich

C.underwhich

D.which

24.Antarctic__________weknowverylittleiscoveredwiththickicealltheyearround.

A.which

B.where

C.that

D.aboutwhich

25.It’sthethirdtime__________latethismonth.

A.thatyouarrived

B.whenyouarrived

C.thatyou’vearrived

D.whenyou’vearrived

26.Itwasin1969__________theAmericanastronautsucceededinlandingonthemoon.

A.that

B.which

C.when

D.inwhich

27.Maythefourthistheday__________weChinesepeoplewillneverforget.

A.which

B.when

C.onwhich

D.aboutwhich

28.WearegoingtospendtheSpringFestivalinGuangzhou,__________livemygrandparentsandsomerelatives.

A.which

B.that

C.who

D.where

29.Thehotel__________duringourholidaysstandsbytheseaside.

A.westayedat

B.wherewestayedat

C.westayed

D.inthatwestayed

30.Isitinthatfactory__________“RedFlag”carsareproduced?

A.inwhich

B.where

C.which

D.that

31.ItistheSuezCanal__________separatesAsia__________Africa.

A.which,to

B.where,from

C.that,from

D.that,with

32.Underthebridge,however,almostdirectlybelow,__________wasasmallcanoe,withaboyinit.

A.there

B.where

C.it

D.which

33.Heisnot__________afool__________.

A.such,asheislooked

B.such,ashelooks

C.as,asheislooked

D.so,ashelooks

34.Isthatthereason__________youareinfavouroftheproposal?

A.which

B.what

C.why

D.forthat

35.HemustbefromAfrica,__________canbeseenfromhisskin.

A.that

B.as

C.who

D.what

参考答案：

1—5AADBA6—10ABCCA11—15AADAD

16—20CDDBC21—25ACBDC26—30AADAD

高中定语从句练习题 篇6

A. of it B. of which C. of that D. whose

2. The engineer _____ my father is talking has just come from abroad.

A. with whom B. with who C. with which D. that

3. He lives in a hotel, _____ is only five minutes’ walk from here.

A. that B. which C. in which D. where

4. Is there anything _____ I can do for you?

. A. which B. who C. as D. that

5. The speaker will tell us about some writers and their works _____are known to us.

A. which B. that C. as D. who

6. This is the reason _____ they are all against the plan.

A. which B. that C. why D. what

7. It was not until late in the evening _____ the traveler found a hotel.

A. which B. that C. as D. where

8. I didn’t like the way _____ she spoke to me.

A. which B. that C. how D. as

9. This is _____ I can do for you right now.

A. which B. that C. what D. as

10. It was at our college library _____ I borrowed the novel.

A. which B. in which C. that D. where

11. I have seen trees, _____ open at sunrise and close at sunset.

A. which the leaves B. of which leaves C. whose leaves D. its leaves

12. All _____ is needed is a supply of oil.

A. the thing B. that C. what D. which

13. The foreign guests, _____ were scientists, were warmly welcomed at the airport.

A. most of whom B. most of them C. most of which D. most of those

14. On the train I saw a student _____ I thought was your sister.

A. who B. whom C. which D. that

15. Is the river _____ through the town very long?

A. flows B. that flows C. which flow D. the one flows

16. Is this college _____ they went to last year?

A. that B. which C. the one D. the one what

17. Is this the university _____ you visited last time?

A. that one B. which C. the one D. the one what

18. I’d like to tell you _____ I saw in the exhibition.

A. which B. that C. what D. /

19. I hope that the little _____ I have been able to do has been of some use.

A. which B. that C. what D. for which

20. Who _______ has common sense will do such a thing?

A. which B. that C .whose D. whom

21 The bike and its rider _____ had knocked down the boy were taken to the police.

A. who B .that C. which D. whom

22. Put the letter ______ he can find it easily.

A. in which B. at which C. where D. which

23. This is the very letter _____ I am looking for .

A. which B. that C. as D. what

24. Tom didn’t attend the meeting, ________ we expected.

A. where B. that C. as D. what

25. I will give you such information _______ will help you.

A. which B. that C. as D. what

26. This is the best hotel in the city ____ I know.

A. which B. that C. where D. it

27. The lady ____ is a woman scientist.

A. whom you spoke B. with which you spoke C. whom you said to D. you spoke to

28. This is the third week _____ the dustmen haven’t come for the rubbish.

A. that B. when C. which D. on which

29. He is the only one of the students _________ the truth.

A. who know B. who knows C. that know D. who are knowing

30. Did they find they went back________ ?

A. where had they been B. where were they C. where they had been D. where they were

31. To get the job started, ______ I need is your permission.

A. only what B. all what C. all that D. only that

32. My father bought me several books, but _____ was interesting.

A. most of them B. none of them C. none of which D. neither of which

33. “Thirty-nine Steps” is one of the most exciting films ____ directed by Alfred Hotchcock.

A. which was B. that was C. that were D. which were

34. All of the plants now raised on farms have been developed from the plants _____ wild.

A. once they grew B. they grew once C. that once grew D. once grew

35. Those _____ were not fit for their work could not see the beautiful clothes.

A. who B. that C. which D. whose

36. The children themselves were calm enough; _____ the parents that got into a

panic. A. in spite of B. those were C. it was D. however

37. It is many years _____ we met last inLondon.

A. since B. when C. that D. which

38. She’ll be on the same train _____ I am on today.

A. as B. like C. with D. that

39. When people talk about the cities of US, the first _____ comes into mind isNew York.

A. city B. of them C. one D. that

40. Is there anyone in your class _____ family is in the city?

A. which B. whose C. what D. who

41. He hasn’t got enough money with _____ he can buy the computer.

A. that B. which C. it D. whom

42. Winter is the time of year _____ the days are short and nights are long.

A. that B. which C. when D. whose

43. Football, _____ is a very interesting game, is played all over the world.

初中英语定语从句练习 篇7

一、译成原因状语从句

英语的定语从句如果在意义上具有说明主句原因的含义, 在翻译时可以加上汉语表示原因关系的词语, 如“因为”等词, 并转译成汉语相应的从句。如:In Europe, as elsewhere multi-media groups have been increasingly successful groups which bring together television, radio newspapers, magazines and publishing houses that work in relation to one another.

这句话主要分为三个层次, 一个是主句In Europe, as elsewhere multi-media groups have been increasingly successful groups, 译为“在欧洲, 就像其他地方一样, 多媒体集团越来越成功。”

还有一个是从句which bring together television, radio newspapers, magazines and publishing houses译为“汇集了电视, 广播报纸, 杂志和出版社”。

另外一个还是定语从句“that work in relation to one another.”

首先看主句和第一个定语从句的关系, 我们可以得知“多媒体集团成功”的原因就是“它汇集了电视, 广播报纸, 杂志和出版社”, 两者之间是因果关系, 这里我们就把第一个定语从句译为主句的原因状语。而第二个定语从句显然是修饰前面列举的名词的, 因为定语从句短, 我们就把它放到所修饰名词前面, 译为“彼此相关的电视, 广播报纸, 杂志和出版社”。 (我们称这种方法为“前置法”, 因为该方法非常简单, 这里我们就不赘述了)

译文:在欧洲, 就像其他地方一样, 多媒体集团越来越成功, 因为它汇集了彼此相关的电视, 广播报纸, 杂志和出版社。

定语从句译为原因状语, 需要满足以下条件:

1. 定语从句所修饰的先行词出现在主语的位置上;

2. 与主句之间为因果关系成立。

二、译成结果状语从句

英语的定语从句如果在意义上具有说明主句结果的含义, 在翻译时可以加上汉语表示结果关系的词语, 如“因此”等词, 并转译成汉语相应的从句。

The newly described languages were often so strikingly different from the well studied languages of Europe and Southeast Asia that some scholars even accused Boas and Sapir of fabricating their data.

本句可以分为两层, 第一层是主句“The newly described languages were often so strikingly different from the well studied languages of Europe and Southeast Asia”, 译为“新近被描述的语言与已被充分研究过的欧洲语言和东南亚语言明显不同”;第二层就是定语从句“that some scholars even accused Boas and Sapir of fabricating their data.”译为“有些学者甚至指责博尔斯和萨皮尔的资料是编造出来的”;根据上下文及两个层次的分译, 我们可以看出正是因为两种语言明显不同, 才导致有些学者“指责博尔斯和萨皮尔……”, 也就是说, 定语从句在逻辑关系上就是主句的结果状语从句, 所以我们把关系代词译为“因此”。

译文:新近被描述的语言与已被充分研究过的欧洲语言和东南亚语言明显不同, 因此有些学者甚至指责博尔斯和萨皮尔的资料是编造出来的。

定语从句以为结果状语从句时, 应符合以下条件:

1. 定语从句所修饰的先行词出现在宾语的位置上, 可以是动词宾语也可以是介词宾语;

2. 与主句之间为因果关系。

将定语从句译为原因状语和结果状语在定语从句的翻译中占很大比重, 只要各位同学掌握了其中的规律——译为原因状语从句时定语从句所修饰的先行词多数出现在主语的位置中, 而译为结果状语从句时, 先行词则多出现于宾语中, 并加以练习, 就一定能娴熟地掌握定语从句的翻译从而解决难长句的翻译技巧。

参考文献

[1]张剑, 曾鸣.2010历年考研英语真题解析及复习思路.世界图书出版社, 2009.

[2]张培基.英汉翻译教程.上海外语教育出版社, 1994.

初中英语定语从句练习 篇8

A. has sheB. hasn’t she

C. does sheD. doesn’t she

2. You don’t think he will come to our party,_________ ?

A. will heB. won’t he

C. do youD. don’t you

3. You daren’t say that to him,_________ ?

A. dare youB. do you

C. daren’t you D. don’t you

4. You must have read about Dickens long ago,_________ ?

A. mustn’t youB. haven’t you

C. can’t youD. didn’t you

5. There used to be a pool behind our neighborhood,_________ ?

A. didn’t thereB. used there

C. usedn’t itD. didn’t it

6. She dislikes this evening dress,_________ ?

A. doesn’t sheB. does she

C. isn’t sheD. is she

7. What a lovely girl,_________ ?

A. doesn’t sheB. hasn’t she

C. won’t sheD. isn’t she

8. You’d better not smoke here,_________ ?

A. will youB. shall you

C. have youD. had you

9. I suppose he’s serious,_________ ?

A. do IB. don’t I

C. is heD. isn’t he

10. They’d come and join us,_________ ?

A. wouldn’t theyB. didn’t they

C. hadn’t theyD. couldn’t they

11. We should learn from those_________ are always willing to help others and enjoy doing it.

A. whoB. whom

C. theyD. that

12. Mr. Robert is one of the foreign experts who_________ in China.

A. worksB. is working

C. are workingD. has been working

13. Henry is the only one of the students who_________ to the Great Wall.

A. have goneB. has been

C. have beenD. had gone

14. This is the biggest lab_________ they have ever built in our school.

A. whichB. what

C. thatD. where

15. I have bought the same T-shirt_________ she is wearing.

A. asB. that

C. whichD. than

16. Oxygen is a kind of gas,_________ we couldn’t live.

A. without itB. without that

C. without whichD. if not

17. The manager_________ has been promoted.

A. whom I told youB. that I told you

C. whom I told you about himD. I told you about

18. Please pass me the dictionary_________ cover is blue.

A. whoseB. its

C. whichD. which of

19. I can tell you_________ she told me last month.

A. all whichB. all what

C. that allD. all that

20. He,_________ your best friend, will try his best to help you with your English.

A. who isB. who am

C. that isD. which am

21. It is the second time_________ late this week.

A. that you arrivedB. when you arrived

C. that you’ve arrivedD. when you’ve arrived

22._________ is natural, he married Mary.

A. ItB. What

C. WhichD. As

23. The old man has two sons,_________ are bus drivers.

A. both of whomB. both of who

C. both of themD. both of they

24. The reason_________ he didn’t come was_________ he was injured.

A. that; becauseB. why; that

C. why; becauseD. that; that

25. The company_________ I am going to is the place_________ my father used to work ten years ago.

A. where; whereB. where; which

C. which; whereD. that; which

26. With a lot of difficult problems_________ , the newly-elected president is having a hard time.

A. settledB. settling

C. to settleD. being settled

27._________ production up by 60%, the company has had another excellent year.

A. AsB. For

C. WithD. Through

28._________ two exams to worry about, I have to work really hard this weekend.

A. WithB. Besides

C. As forD. Because of

29. It was a pity that the great writer died_________ his works unfinished.

A. forB. with

C. fromD. of

30._________ and no way to reduce her pain and suffering from the terrible disease, the patient sought her doctor’s help to end her life.

A. Having given up hope of cureB. With no hope for cure

C. There being hope for cureD. In the hope of cure

31. I couldn’t do my homework with all that noise_________ .

A. going onB. goes on

C. went onD. to go on

32. John received an invitation to dinner, and with his work_________ , he gladly accepted it.

A. finishedB. finishing

C. having finishedD. was finished

33. —Come on, please give me some ideas about the project.

—Sorry. With so much work_________ my mind, I almost break down.

A. filledB. filling

C. to fillD. being filled

34. Last weekend Peter had a great deal of fun with his family_________ kites in a park.

A. flyB. flew

C. to flyD. flying

35. The living room is clean and tidy, with a dining table already_________ for a meal to be cooked.

A. laidB. laying

C. to layD. being laid

Keys: 1~5 DCADA; 6~10 ADDDA; 11~15 ACBCA; 16~20 CDADA;