八年级上册u9语法（通用4篇）
【短语归纳】
1.on Saturday afternoon在周六下午
2.have to不得不
3.prepare for an exam为考试做准备
4.go to the doctor去看医生 5.have the flu患感冒
6.help my parents帮助我的父母 7.come to the party来参加聚会
8.meet my friend会见我的朋友 9.go to the party去参加聚会
10.too much homework太多作业 11.go to the movies去看电影
12.Maybe another time也许下一次吧 13.last fall去年秋天
14.hang out闲逛；常去某处
15.after school放学后
16.on the weekend在周末
17.study for a math test为数学考试学习
18.visit grandparents拜访祖父母
19.the day before yesterday前天
20.the day after tomorrow后天
21.have a piano lesson上钢琴课
22.look after照看；照顾
23.accept an invitation接受邀请
24.turn down an invitation拒绝邀请 25.take a trip去旅行
26.at the end of this month在这个月末
27.look forward to期盼；期待
28.the opening of…的开幕式/落成典礼 29.reply in writing书面回复
30.go shopping去购物
31.do homework做家庭作业
32.go to the concert去听音乐会 33.not…until直到…才
34.hear from收到…的来信 35.go bike riding 骑自行车兜风
36.play tennis 打网球 37.practice the violin 练习小提琴
38.have a surprise party 举办惊喜派对 39.by Friday 星期五之前
40.reply to 答复….41.on the afternoon of Saturday 在周六的下午
42.catch you 再见
st43.on the morning of May 1在5月1日上午
44.I’m afraid not.恐怕不能 45.refuse to do sth拒绝做某事
46.so much 如此多 47.without doing sth没有做某事
48.so that以便、为的是 49.be surprised to do sth对做某事感到意外
50.make it 在约定时间内赶到 51.this weekend 这个周末
52.Thanks for asking谢谢邀请 【短语用法】
1.invite sb.to do sth./invite sb to sp.邀请某人做某事/邀请某人去某地
2.What + a/an + 形容词 + 可数名词单数（+ 主语 + 谓语）！3.help sb.(to)do sth帮助某人做某事
4.What + 形容词 + 名词复数/不可数名词（+ 主语 + 谓语）！5.be sad/glad to do sth.做某事很悲伤/高兴
6.see sb do sth.看见某人做某事
7.see sb doing sth看见某人正在做某事 8.the best way to do sth.做某事最好的方式
9.have a surprise party for sb为某人举办一个惊喜派对
10.look forward to doing sth.期盼做某事
11.reply to sth/sb.答复某事/某人
12.What’s today? 今天是什么日子？
13.What’s the date today? 今天是几月几号 14.What day is it today? 今天是星期几？
15.have a +疾病 患…病 16.catch the train赶上火车
17.catch a cold 感冒 【重要句型】
问：Can you come to my party on Saturday afternoon? 答：Sure, I’d love to./ Sorry，I can’t.I have to prepare for an exam.【重要语法】
1.Can you come to my party on Saturday?
Sure, I’d love to./Sorry, I must study for a math test.2.Can you go to the movie tomorrow night?
Sure.That sounds great./ I’m afraid not.I have the flu.3.Can he go to the party?
No, he can’t.He has to help his parents.4.Can she go to the baseball game?
No, she’s not available.She must go to the doctor.5.Can they go to the movie?
No, they’re not free.They might have to meet their friends.【词语辨析】
1.prepare意为“准备”，强调准备的动作与过程。宾语是这一动作的承受者。其后也可接双宾语，还可接不定式。prepare for sth.为…准备好。for的宾语不是动作的承受者，而是表示准备的目的，即所要应付的情况/ prepare to do sth 准备做某事。
prepare 强调准备的动作与过程。宾语是这一动作的承受者。其后也可接双宾语，还可接不定式。
get/be ready意为“准备好”，强调准备的结果。常见结构有：①be ready(for sth．)②get sth.ready ③be ready(for sth)④be/get ready to do(准备干某事，乐于干某事)2.have the flu 患感冒/have a cold感冒/have a cough/咳嗽/have a fever 发烧/have a sore throat
喉咙痛/have a headache头痛/have a toothache牙痛
3.hang out 常去某处，泡在某处/hang on紧紧抓住/hang about闲荡/hang up 挂电话
4.catch you = bye bye/catch a cold感冒/catch sb’s eye引起某人注意/catch the train赶上火车
catch up with赶上, 跟上/catch hold of 抓住
5.accept 接受, 反义词为：refuse。accept指主观上愿意接受，receive 收到，指客观上收到或拿到，但主观上不一定会接受。
e.g.I received his gift yesterday, but I wouldn’t like to accept it.我昨天收到他的礼物，但我不想接受。
6.turn down = refuse 拒绝/turn up 放大，调高/turn over 翻身/take turns 依次，轮流
7.help sb.(to)do sth 帮某人做某事/help sb.with sth在某方面帮助人help oneself to sth随便吃 8.at the end of 在…末尾，在…尽头/by the end of 到…末为止/in the end of 终于
9.surprised 形容词，感到意外的，主语是人。be surprised to do sth 对做某事感到意外 surprising 形容词，令人惊讶的，主语是物。The news was surprising.这新闻令人惊讶。surprise名词，惊奇、惊讶to one’s surprise动词，使惊奇，使感到意外 It surprise sb to do sth.10.look forward to 期待，盼望，to 是介词，后跟名词，代词或动名词作宾语。
hear from sb.收到某人的来信 = receive a letter from sb.hear of = hear about 听说
11.make it 在约定的时间内到达，能够来 = arrive in time;
e.g.Glad you could make it.很高兴你能来
商量确定的时间，表示将来某项计划的安排，后接时间状语。Let’s make it at seven o’clock on Tuesday.让我们定在周二7点钟。成功办成某事 = succeed
After years of hard work, he finally made it.几年努力之后，他最终成功了。12.reply 回答，指用口头或书面形式回答，不及物动词
reply to sb/sth.对…..作出回答。作及物动词，意为 回答，回答说。作名词，意为：答道，回信，答复，后跟介词 to.answer 是最普通的用语，包括口头，书面或行动的回答，可作及物和不及物动词。【单元主题作文范文参考-课本P71 3c】 Dear Huang Lei, I would like to invite you to a going-away(欢送会)party for my brother.He is going to university in Wuhan.The party will be at my house on Saturday, August 15th.You do not need to bring anything.My parents are serving food and drinks from 7:30 p.m.After the meal, everyone can dance.Please reply by next Monday.You can send me an e-mail to let me know if you can come.I hope you can make it.Guo Yu 【全品作业本P105作文范文参考】 Dear Paul, Thank you for your invitation.I’m sorry I can’t go to the beach with you this weekend.I’m really busy.On Saturday my grandfather is coming to see me.I don’t see him for a long time.I want to spend some time with him.I’m going to take him around the park.On Sunday morning, I’m going shopping with my mother.I’m going to buy some clothes and food for my grandfather.In the afternoon, I’m seeing my grandfather off.I hope that you can look after yourself and have a good time on the beach.Don’t forget to call me after you come back from the beach.Yours, Mona 【全品作业本P108作文范文参考】
比较级
1.as和than后面的代词用主格还是用宾格要取决于主句中的谓语动词。如果主句中的谓语动词是及物动词, 主语相比用主格, 宾语相比用宾格, 以避免歧义。如:
I know you better than he (knows you) . 我比他更了解你。
I know you better than (I know) him. 你和他相比, 我更了解你。
如果谓语动词是不及物动词, 或虽是及物动词, 但不致引起歧义, 主格、宾格都可以使用。例如:
He has more books than I/me.他的书比我的多。
2.比较级可被much, rather, a lot, a great deal, even, still, a little, a bit等修饰。如:
Tom studies even harder than you. 汤姆学习比你更努力。
It is a bit colder today than yesterday. 今天比昨天还要冷。
3.“less+原级+than”意为“不比……”, 相当于“not so… as…”。例如:
This book is less useful than that one.=This book is not so useful as that one. 这本书没有那本有用。
4. 通常that用来替代前面出现的由单数或不可数名词表示的比较对象, those用来替代前面出现的复数名词表示的比较对象。the one相当于that, the ones相当于those, 并表示特指。例如:
The food in the box is much worse than that on the table. 盒子里的食物比桌子上的差得多。
This book is thinner than the one/that on the desk. 这本书比桌子上的那本薄。
最高级
1. 形容词最高级前一般要用定冠词the, 若形容词最高级前面有物主代词或名词所有格修饰时, 则不用定冠词the。例如:
The Changjiang River is the longest river in China. 长江是中国最长的河。
Monday is my father’s busiest day. 星期一是我父亲最忙的一天。
2.in后面接比较范围, 不一定是同类;of后面接比较对象, 属同类。e.g.
Julia is the quietest of these girls.朱丽娅是这些女孩中最文静的一个。
This movie theater is the best in our town.这家影院是我们镇上最好的。
3.表示“ (在众多当中) 最……之一”, 常用“one of the+形容词最高级+复数名词”结构。例如:
Beijing is one of the biggest cities in China. 北京是中国最大的城市之一。
4.最高级前既用the, 也用序数词, 其结构为:“the+序数词+最高级”, 表示“第几个最……”。例如:
The Yellow River is the second longest river in China. 黄河是中国第二长河。
可数名词PK不可数名词
1. 可数名词前可以加不定冠词a/an或数词等限定词直接修饰, 不可数名词不能用a/an或数词等修饰。
2. 不可数名词前可用much (很多) , a little (一点) , some (一些) , any (一些) , a lot of/lots of或“数词+表示数量的可数名词+of”结构修饰。
3. 对可数名词提问时用how many, 对不可数名词提问用how much, 但对不可数名词前表示数量名词中的修饰语提问时则用“how many+ 复数量词+of”。
4. 有些词既是可数的, 又是不可数的, 如:当chicken意为“鸡”时是可数的, 意为“鸡肉”则是不可数的。
一般过去时
1. 表示在过去时间段发生过某事要用一般过去时, 而不能用一般现在时。例如:
2. 在含有行为动词的一般过去时的句子变为否定句或疑问句时, 要借助助动词did。例如:
When were you call me for the DVD machine? (×)
When did you call me for the DVD machine? (√)
3. 英语中有些表示过去的词 (组) , 如yesterday, last week, a moment ago等, 其前不能加任何介词。例如:
He came to China on yesterday afternoon. (×)
He came to China yesterday afternoon. (√)
现在进行时的特殊用法
1. 表示感情色彩。现在进行时可与always等副词连用, 表示经常、反复或习惯性的动作, 表达说话者的一种赞扬、责怪、不满的语气。如:
Lu Shan is always helping others. 陆杉总是帮助别人。
2. 表示将来。go, come, leave, start等少数动词, 常用现在进行时表示按计划、安排将要进行的动作。例如:
Mr Green is coming! 格林先生要来了!
3. 表示渐变的过程。get, become, grow, turn等连系动词的现在进行时表示一个变化过程, 比一般现在时更形象逼真。例如:
It’s getting warm. 天渐渐暖起来了。
4. 表示刚刚发生过的动作。在口语中, 可用tell, say, talk等动词的现在进行时表示刚刚发生过的动作。例如:
I don’t know what you’re saying.我不知道你在说什么?
复合不定代词和复合不定副词
1. 复合不定代词及复合不定副词。
2. 复合不定代词作主语时, 谓语动词要用单数形式。
例:Everyone knows me here.
3. 形容词修饰复合不定代词时形容词放后。
例如:There is something new in today’s newspaper.
4.any以及any构成的词多用于否定句、疑问句、if条件句和含否定词的句子中。
例如:If you don’t want anything, please let me know.
He is too busy to see anyone come in.
The boy is too heavy for anyone to carry.
Anyone doesn’t know me here. 应改为No one knows me here.
注意:
① any以及any构成的词在否定句中不可作主语而应换成相应的代 (副) 词
②any以及any构成的词在否定句中为完全否定
not…any=no
not…any one/anybody=none/nobody
not…anything=nothing
not…anywhere=nowhere
例如:I can’t see anything in the room.=I can see nothing in the room.
③any以及any构成的词也可用于肯定句
any任何一个
any one=anybody任何人
anything任何事物
例如:He is taller than anyone else in my class.
5.every以及every构成的词在否定句中为不完全否定
例如:He knows everything.否定句:He knows nothing.他什么都不懂。
而不能改成He doesn’t know everything.他不是事事都懂 (否一半) 。
6.表示人的复合不定代词用人称代词、物主代词替换时一般用复数形式, 有时又可用单数, 这要根据上下文来决定。
① If anyone invites you, you have to meet them on time. (前面用单数, 后面是宾格复数them)
拓展思维:人称代词有主格宾格之分, 主格有I, he, she, it, you, we, they, 宾格有me, him, her, it, you, us, them。主格的要放在主语位置, 宾格的要放在宾格位置。主语位置一般放在句首, 如:I am a teacher. 在英语中, 宾格有两个位置, 一个在动词后跟宾格, 注意不是所有的动词都需要跟宾语。另一个在介词后跟宾语。
例如:I give him a book. 这里的give是动词, him是give的宾语 (宾语的作用是使谓语所表达的意思更加完整和清楚) , 因为him的位置是宾语, 所以如果在这个位置上用的是人称代词, 就得用宾格, 而不能用主格的he。
②No one knows me here, do they? (前面用单数, 后面是复数they)
③Everyone is doing their homework now.
④ If anyone calls me, tell him / her to call back after 8:00.
7.none做主语时, 谓语可单可复。
例如:None of us go / goes to school by bus.
None of us is a cook.
训练基地
Ⅰ . 选词填空
1.—How______do you go to the Internet bar? (long/often)
—Hardly ever.
2.—Doctor, I have a bad stomachache.
—Well, you______try to eat less food. (should/could)
3.—Is your friend Tina like you?
—No, she is ______ than me though we are of the same age. (older/taller)
4.—When ______ you ______ coughing? (did…start/are…going to start)
—Two days ago.
5.—Why do you often live in this hotel, Mr.Brown?
—Because it has______service. (the best/the worst)
Ⅱ . 从方框中选词, 并用其正确形式填空
plan, laugh, cut, win, become, move, hate, invite
1.I ______ to learn English last year, but now I don’t.
2.The Smiths ______ to visit the Great Wall. Now they are getting ready for it.
3.My sister ______ to a small but clean town when she grows up.
4.Tony worked hard and ______ the first prize in the English speech contest.
5.Jim is much funnier than we think. And he often makes us ______ a lot.
6.Tomorrow is Kate’s birthday. She ______ ten friends to her party.
7.Could you please ______ the bananas up, Jill? I’d like to make fruit salad.
8.My uncle ______ a professional basketball player at the age of 20.
Ⅲ . 根据汉语提示完成句子
1.Helen didn’t go to school yesterday. She _____ ( 感冒了) .
2.The twins ______ ( 打算度假) in Qingdao when they are free.
3.Could you please ______ ( 打开收音机) ? I’d like to listen to the weather report.
4.The little boy ______ ( 准备闲逛) with his best friend Tom on Saturday evening.
5.Jane ______ ( 洗餐具) an hour ago. Now she is working on her project.
IV. 不定代词和不定副词专项练习
一、单项选择
1.All of us were invited, but______of us came.
A.neither B.none C.both D.either
2.She listened carefully, but heard ______.
A.anyone B. someone C. everyone D. nothing
3.—Do you have ______ to say for yourself?
—No, I have ______ to say.
A.something; everything B. nothing; something C. everything;anything D. anything; nothing
4.Why not ask ______ to help you.
A.everyone B. someone C. anyone D. none
5.—There isn’t______water here.Could you get______for me?
—All right.
A.some; some B. any; any C. some; any D. any; some
6.Today, ______trees are still being cut down somewhere in the world.
A.much too B.too much C.many too D.too many
7.There’s ______ with his eyes. He’s OK.
A.anything wrong B.wrong something C.nothing wrong D. wrong nothing
8.—Haven’t you forgotten______?
—______, oh, forgot my bag.
A.anything; Excuse me B. something; Excuse me C. something;Pardon D. everything; Pardon
9.Put it down, Richard. You mustn’t read ______ letter.
A.anyone’s else’s B. anyone’s else C. anyone else’s D. anyone else
10.Be quiet! I have ______ to tell you.
A.important anything B.anything important C.important something
D.something important
11.I’m going to move ______. It’s too noisy in our neighbourhood.
A.somewhere quiet B.quiet somewhere C.anywhere quiet D.quiet anywhere
12.—Is there ______ in today’s newspaper?
—Yes.Shenzhou VI has been sent up into space successfully.
A.nothing new B.anything new C.new nothing D.new anything
二、 请用不定代词及不定副词填空。 (some, any, something, someone, somebody, somewhere, anything, anyone, anybody, anywhere, no one, nobody, nothing)
1. Do you have ______ questions?
2.Maybe______put my dictionary______.I can’t find it______.
3.I’m so thirsty.Shall we get______to drink?
4. I don’t think ______ knows her new address.
5.There’s______in the new cupboard.It’s empty now.
6.______is too difficult if you put your heart into it.
7.I think you can find him______in the school.
8.______can run faster than he.He’s the winner.
9.Could you tell______different between the two pictures?
10.Please help yourself to______soup.
Keys:
Ⅰ . 1. often 2. should 3. taller 4. did…start 5. the best
Ⅱ . 1. hated 2. are planning 3. is going to move 4. won 5. laugh 6. is going to invite 7. cut 8. became
Ⅲ . 1. had a cold 2. are taking a vacation 3. turn on the radio 4. is going to hang out 5. did the dishes
IV
一、1~5 BDDBD 6~10 DCACD 11~12 AB
1. It’s bad for your health to go to work ____ breakfast.
A. withoutB. atC. forD. with
2. I have a day ____ this weekend. I’m very happy.
A. offB. ofC. awayD. from
3. She is good at looking after others and she wants to find a job ____ a nurse.
A. asB. ofC. toD. for
4. After the whole day’s work, I felt tired ____ happy.
A. andB. orC. butD. so
5. I’m hungry. Please bring me ____, Mum.
A. a breadB. piece of bread C. any breadD. some bread
6. ——I want to make a banana milk shake. ____ bananas and ____
yogurt do I need?
——Maybe three bananas. As for yogurt, I don’t know.
A. How many, how manyB. How many, how much
C. How much, how muchD. How much, how many
7. We didn’t go to climb Mount Tai yesterday ____ the cold weather.
A. becauseB. asC. because ofD. as for
8. ——Are there still any seats in the theater if we go to the movies now?
——Don’t worry. There are ____ seats there.
A. enoughB. muchC. a lotD. lots
9. The price of the bike is too ____. I can’t afford it.
A. highB. lowC. expensiveD. cheap
10. There is a little milk left. Let’s buy ____ this afternoon.
A. any moreB. more anyC. some moreD. more some
11. My cousin is ____ young ____ go to school.
A. too, toB. too, forC. to, tooD. so, to
12. It’s hot here. Let’s find ____.
A. somewhere warmB. somewhere cool
C. warm somewhereD. cool somewhere
13. I don’t understand ____ he said.
A. thatB. whichC. whoD. what
14. Xi’an is one of ____ capital ____ in China.
A. older, cityB. the older, city
C. oldest, citiesD. the oldest, cities
15. If you want to eat a banana, you must ____ it first.
A. peelB. sellC. putD. cut
16. ——____ you hang out with your friends yesterday afternoon?
——Yes, I ____.
A. Did; didB. Did; didn’tC. Did; doD. Do; did
17. About ten students in our class are going to ____ the drawing compe-tition.
A. holdB. joinC. take part inD. go with
18. ——Could you please ____ the trash?
——Certainly, Mom.
A. bring outB. take outC. put outD. go out
19. Here are the ingredients. Please ____.
A. mix them upB. mix it upC. mix up themD. mix up it
20. Look at the black clouds. It ____ rain. Let’s hurry.
A. mustB. has toC. shouldD. is going to
21. ——You are a little fat. You have to stop ____ candy.
——No, I ____, but I know I can’t eat ____.
A. eating; don’t have to, too muchB. to eat; haven’t to, much too
C. to eat; don’t have to, too muchD. eating; haven’t to, much too
22. He hopes to be ____ dentist when he ____ up.
A. a, growB. an, growsC. an, growD. a, grows
23. Did you have fun ____ fishing in the countryside?
A. goB. goesC. goingD. to go
24. After ____ the article, we can learn ____ Li Yundi.
A. reading, much fromB. to read, a lot in
C. read, many fromD. reading, many in
25. ——Can you come to help me make salad?
——____.
A. Yes, I’d loveB. Sure, I’d love to
C. Yes, not at allD. No, thanks
一、比较级的定义：大多数的形容词都有三个级别：原级、比较级、最高级。其中比较级表示“更……”，用于两者之间的比较，用来说明“前者比后者更……”，比较级前面一般用much, even, a little修饰，其中even, much 只能修饰比较级。
二、比较级的构成：（1）规则变化：
①单音节和部分双音节的形容词一般在词尾加-er Eg: calm---calmer tall---taller smart---smarter ②以字母e结尾的直接在词尾加-rEg: nice---nicer fine---finer large---larger ③以“辅音+y 结尾的词，变y为 i，再加-er”Eg: early---earlier happy---happier busy---busier ④以重读闭音节的单个辅音字母结尾的词，双写辅音字母，再加-erEg: big---bigger thin---thinner hot---hotter ⑤多音节或部分双音节的形容词在原级前面加moreEg: popular---more popular important---more important（2）不规则变化：少数形容词的比较级变化是不规则的：
good→better→best well→better→bestbad→worse→worstill→worse→worst old→older/elder→oldest/eldest many/much→more→most little→less→least far →further/farther→ furthest/farthest
三、比较级的用法:
(一)当两个人或事物（A和B）进行比较时，我们需要用到形容词（副词）的原级或者比较级
1．表达“A和B一样”，用as…as的结构。
公式: A+be动词+as+形容词原级+as…+B;A+实义动词+as+副词原级+as…+B
Eg:I am as tall as you.我和你一样高。He runs as fast as I.他跑得和我一样快。
2．表达“A不如B”用not as…as的结构。
公式: A+be动词的否定形式+as+形容词原级+as…+B;A+助词的否定形式+动词+as+形容词原级+as…+B Eg:I am not as tall as you.我没有你高。He doesn’t run as fast as I.他没有我跑得快。3．表达“A大于B”用“比较级+than”的结构。
公式: A+be动词+形容词比较级+than+B…;
A+实义动词+副词比较级+than+B… Eg：I am taller than you.我比你高。He runs faster than I.他跑得比我快。
(二)关于形容词、副词比较级的更多用法
1．比较级前面可以加上表示“优劣程度”的词或短语，是“更…”，“…得…”。常见much, a little, even, a lot, a great deal等。
Eg：He is much taller than I.他比我要高得多。I jump a little higher than he.我跳得比他高一点点。想一想，这些词能修饰形容词或副词的原级吗？
2.比较级前面可以加上表示具体数量差别的结构,表示具体“大多少”，“小多少”，“长多少”，“短多少”等。Eg：I am two years older than he.我比他大两岁。This building is 20 meters higher than that one.3．“比较级+and+比较级”表示“越来越……”。
It is getting warmer and warmer．天气越来越暖和。He is running faster and faster．他跑得越来越快。
0ur country is becoming more and more beautiful．我们祖国越来越美了。
4．“the more…，the more…”表示“越……，就越……”，The more，the better.多多益善。
The more careful you are,the fewer mistakes you will make.你越细心，犯错就越少。
5．“the more…of the two…”表示“两个当中较。。的一个”
The taller of the two boys is my brother.四、当三个或三个以上的人或事物进行比较时，我们需要用到形容词（副词）的最高级
1．表达“…是…中最…的”,用“the+形容词（副词）的最高级”的结构。后面可以加上表示范围的介词短语或从句。
公式：主语+be动词+the +形容词最高级+（名词）+表示范围的介词短语或从句
主语+实义动词+（the）+形容词最高级+表示范围的介词短语或从句
Eg:He is the tallest(student)in our class.He jumps the highest of the three boys.This is the best book that I have ever read.2．表示“最…的…中一个”，用“one of +the +最高级+复数名词”的结构来表达。
Eg：He is one of the best students in our class.他是我们班最好的学生之一。
This is one of the most beautiful flowers in the garden.这是花园里最漂亮的花之。
注意：(一)形容词的最高级前面有定冠词the , 而副词的最高级前面定冠词the可以省略。但在形容词最高级前有物 1
主代词时，不能要定冠词the.（二）常见的用来表示范围的介词有in, of, among
五、运用形容词、副词比较级应当注意的问题：
(一)、按语法规则，than后面的人称代词应当用主格，但口语当中有时会用宾格代替主格。
Eg：He is more careful than I(me).(二)、只有同类的事物才能比较
Eg：Her bag is bigger than mine.不能说 Her bag is bigger than I.The weather of Kunming is much better than that of Shenyang.不能说The weather of Kunming is much better than Shenyang.注意:
(1)形容词最高级前通常必须用定冠词 the，副词最高级前可不用。例句: The Sahara is the biggest desert in the world.(2)形容词most前面没有the，不表示最高级的含义，只表示“非常”。
It is a most important problem.=It is a very important problem.二、形容词、副词的比较级和最高级的用法
1.“A + be +形容词比较级 + than + B” 意思为“A比B更……”。
如:This tree is taller than that one.这棵树比那棵树高。
注意: ① 在含有连词than的比较级中，前后的比较对象必须是同一范畴，即同类事物之间的比较。
②be+...year(s)older than
I am two years older than him
2.“比较级 + and + 比较级”或“more and more +原级”表示“越来越……”
如:It is getting warmer and warmer when spring comes.春天来了，天气变得越来越暖和了。
The wind becomes heavier and heavier.风变得越来越大。
Our town is becoming more and more beautiful.我们的学校变得越来越美丽。
3.在含有or的选择疑问句中，如果有两者供选择，前面的形容词要用比较级形式。
如:Who is taller,Tim or Tom? 谁更高，Tim还是Tom? 4.“the +比较级……, the+比较级”，表示“越……越……”。
The more money you make, the more you spend.钱你赚得越多，花得越多。
The sooner，the better.越快越好。
5.表示倍数的比较级用法: ①.A is …times the size /height/length/width of B.如:The new building is three times the height of the old one.这座新楼比那座旧楼高三倍。(新楼是旧楼的四倍高)②.A is …times as big /high/long/wide/large as B.如:Asia is four times as large as Europe.亚洲是欧洲的四倍大。(亚洲比欧洲大三倍)③.A is …times larger /higher/longer/wider than B.如:Our school is twice bigger than yours.我们学校比你们学校大两倍。
6.形容词、副词的最高级形式主要用来表示三者或三者以上人或事物的比较，表示“最……”的意思。
句子中有表示范围的词或短语。如:of the three, in our class等等。
如:Of the three, he is the most hard-working.He is the tallest in our class.7.“否定词语+比较级”，“否定词语+ so… as”结构表示最高级含义。
Nothing is so easy as this.=Nothing is easier than this.=This is the easiest thing.8.比较级与最高级的转换: 比较级+than+any other+单数名词
Mike is the tallest in his class.Mike istallerthan any other student in his class 7.修饰比较级和最高级的词
1)可修饰比较级的词a bit, a little, much, a lot, even 注意: 使用最高级要注意将主语包括在比较范围内。
(错)Tom is the tallest of his three brothers.(对)Tom is the tallest of the three brothers.2)下列词可修饰最高级:by far(非常,远远超过,远比), far, much, mostly, almost。
This hat is nearly / almost the biggest.注意: a.very可修饰最高级，用于形容词最高级前，以加强语气(完全地，真正地)This is the very best.b.序数词通常只修饰最高级。Africa is the second largest continent.8.要避免重复使用比较级。
(错)He is more cleverer than his brother.(对)He is more clever than his brother.(对)He is cleverer than his brothe
9.要避免将主语含在比较对象中。
(错)China is larger that any country in Asia.(对)China is larger than any other country in Asia.10.要注意对应句型，遵循前后一致的原则。
The population of Shanghai is larger than that of Beijing.It is easier to make a plan than to carry it out.11.要注意冠词的使用，后有名词的时候，前面才有可能有名词。
比较:Which is larger, Canada or Australia? Which is the larger country, Canada or Australia?
She is taller than her two sisters.She is the taller of the two sisters.形容词副词比较级和最高级专练
用所给词的正确形式填空：
1.He ran __________ than all the others.He ran ___________ of all.(fast)2.James played as __________ as you.Mary played ___________of all.(well)3.She waited ____________ than she usually did.(long)4.I walked ___________ than the rest.I walked ___________ of all.(far)5.My friend came ____________ than Pual and Mike.(late)6.Among the three boys he works ____________.(hard)7.Bob left school __________ in his class yesterday.(late)8.He swims as __________ as I do.(badly)9.Who did ___________ in the 100-metre race, Jim or Tim?(badly)10.Both Li Ming and Li Hong sang __________, but I sang ___________ of all.(badly)11.Peter is as ___________ as Tom.Benny is _________ than Tom.David is __________ of all.(fat)12.Li Li found _____________ mushrooms than I did.(many)13.The elephant is ____________ than any other animals.(big)14.Man is ____________ than animals.(much clever)15.Lesson Two is a bit ____________ than Lesson One.(easy)16.I’m ___________ boy under the sun.(happy)17.Today is ____________ than yesterday.(hot)18.An elephant is ___________ than a tiger.It is ___________ animal on land.(big)19.Mr.Li is ___________ than your uncle.(thin)20.Which book is _____________, yours or mine?(thick)21.This park is much ___________ than that one.(beautiful)22.The first book is more useful than the second one.3
The second book is __________ than the first one.(useful)23.Allan is ___________ of the three boys.(strong)24.His marks are ___________ than his friend’s(bad)
25.It is ___________ to do this maths problem than to do that one.(easy)26.My house is ____________ to the farm than yours.(far)27.My work is more important than yours.Your work is ____________ than mine.(important)28.Climbing this hill is _____________.Climbing that hill is ____________.Climbing Mt.Everest is ___________ of all.(dangerous)29.Mt.Everest is _________ than the Mont-Blanc.(high)30.My mother drives very carefully.She is a _________ driver than my father.(careful).31.Of the two girls, I find Lucy the _______(clever).32.Gold(黄金)is __________(little)useful than iron(铁).33.My sister is two years ___________(old)than I.34.John’s parents have four daughters, and she is the _________(young)child.35.The _________(cheap)bags are the not usually the best ones.36.The short one is by far ___________ expensive of the five.37.The boy is not so __________(interesting)as his brother.38.Dick sings _________(well), she sings ________(well)than John, but Mary sings_______(well)in her class.39.She will be much __________(happy)in her mew house.40.This dress is __________ that.(twice, as…as…, expensive)
基础训练写出下列单词的比较级和最高级级
1.形容词或副词比较级直接加er或r，最高级直接加est或st
原形
比较级
最高级
原形
比较级
最高级 Oldyoung light
tallhort
long
fast
slow
high
low
nice
late
wide
large
blue
cold clever
2.形容词比较级双写末尾加er，最高级双写末尾加est big
hot
fat
thin
red
wet
sad
3.形容词结构是辅音字母+y的, 比较级变y为i再加er，最高级变y为i再加est heavy
busy
happy
early
dry
noisy
lucky
easy
4.形容词或副词的比较级和最高级是完全不规则形式 good/ well
bad / ill
many / much
few
little far
5.单词为多音节词，比较级用more, 最高级用most构成。beautiful
popular
carefully
wonderful
colourful
interesting
dangerous
important clever
quietly
difficult
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