2024年安徽专升本考试的改革 自主招生（精选5篇）
2014年安徽专升本考试的改革
一、改革后的招生、考试形式：
1.招生专业和人数的确定：各招生院校可根据自己实际情况确定、自主性加强。2.考试命题权变更：2013年之前公共课由安徽招生考试院统一命题和阅卷，专业课由招生院校组织命题和阅卷。改革之后，所有考试科目的命题和阅卷权利全部归由招生院校。
3.考试内容变革：2013年之前为“3+1”模式，即3门公共课+1门专业课，改革之后为“1+X”模式，即一门专业课+X公共课（0﹤X﹤3），公共课的作用有所淡化（一般专升本招收院校以英语和计算机为主，作为公共课的主考科目）。专业课的权重明显增加，其重要性不言而喻。
4.招生录取原则变革：2013年之前为先看专业课，再比公共课，专业课按1:2录取，公共课全省统一划定分数线，改革之后各校各校自主制定录取原则。5.分数线制定：2013年之前招生院校只有专业课分数线制定权利，且严格按照1:2执行录取，改革之后各校自主制定分数线。
二、改革，机遇就在眼前
命运给予我们的不是失望之酒，而是机遇之杯。因此让我们毫不畏惧，充满欢愉的把握命运——尼克松1、2013年之前的三门公共课实行统考很多考生或多或少都有薄弱学科，若想顺利通过，胜负难料。改革之后各招生院校些许会放弃部分或者全部的统考课程。考生可以根据自身基础扬长避短，增加了录取概率。
2.相对与之前的全省统考，各院校自主命题的难度降低和考试内容的减少，在所难免。
3.去年高考秋招时大部分招生院校生源不足，在今年春季专升本招生时，这些院校或许会增加招生专业和招生人数，我们必须抓住机遇，合理分析自身优势，选择自己有把握的院校，一击命中。
三、改革，挑战无时不在1、考试内容简单，科目较少的专业势必会成为热门专业，竞争压力将会加大，报考自愿的抉择尤显重要。
2、招生改革以后，考试难度降低，考生人数增加是必然趋势（尤其是医学类专业，很多毕业生因为必须实习而无法复习公共课。改革后的考试模式无疑会加大他们去试一试的想法）。同时，往年热门院校的竞争压力也将继续增加。
3、专业课内容变化，无往年经验可循，将会增加考生（尤其跨专业报考的考生）的复习难度。
四、改革后的备考迎战
1、心态：任尔东南西北风，我自巍然如松！保持良好心态，认真复习，迎接挑战。
2、复习：公共课、专业课全面复习，以不变应万变。机遇总是青睐有所准备的人。
3、信息：面对众多繁芜虚假的各类考前信息，学会辨别真伪，不要被某些只图己利的辅导机构所蒙骗。
4、技巧：公共课少花时间，保持最强的科目；专业课多费精力，夯实基础，全面复习。
2014年安徽专升本自主招生问答
1.我省普通专升本招生选拔对象包括哪些?
答：我省普通专升本选拔对象包括两类：一是省内各级各类高等学校(包括在皖部属高等学校、省属普通高校以及经过批准举办普通高等职业教育的成人高等院校)的应届全日制普通高职(专科)层次毕业生;二是我省具有普通高职(专科)毕业学历的退役士兵。
2.今年普通专升本考试制度具体有什么变化?
答： 2014年起，我省对普通专升本招生考试办法实行改革，普通专升本招生由原来的省统考加学校专业课加试，改为全部实行招生院校自主组织考试录取。由各招生院校根据拟招生专业教育教学、人才培养的需要，确定报名的条件、考试的科目及具体的考试办法，并在学校招生章程中公布。
3.2014年普通专升本招生的院校和专业、招生规模有什么变化，具体招生专业和计划什么时候公布?
答：2014年我省普通专升本招生规模的安排，按照教育部有关文件精神，控制在当年高职(专科)毕业生总数的5%以内。招生院校实行申报制，各省属普通本科院校(含独立学院)经批准均可开展普通专升本招生，其中重点支持应用型本科高校，最终由省教育厅严格按照有关标准遴选确定。招生专业由招生院校综合考虑就业状况、生源情况、学校办学条件和培养能力确定，具体见各招生院校的招生章程。
按照教育部及我省普通高等教育招生工作的安排，我省2014年普通专升本具体招生专业及计划数将于2月底正式公布，比往年时间略有提前。各招生院校的招生章程也会同期公布。
4.2014年普通专升本报名的方式和要求?什么时候考试录取?
答：2014年普通专升本招生工作由各招生院校具体负责，报名、考试和录取等工作均由学校严格按照事先公布的自主招生章程执行，具体报名时间、考试时间将在省教育招生考试院的统筹下明确。
5.普通专升本选拔考试有没有什么加分或奖励政策?
答：2014年起，为积极构建职业教育立交桥，打通技能型人才培养渠道，在我省普通专升本招生选拔中，制定了职业院校技能大赛获奖选手奖励政策。获得省职业院校技能大赛一等奖或全国职业院校技能大赛三等奖及以上的高职(专科)应届毕业生，报考相应专业，经本科院校面试通过，可直接录取。
6.普通专升本的学生，在管理和毕业证书发放等方面与高中起点普通本科生有何异同?答：
一、普通专升本学生在校学习期间，学籍管理按照《普通高等学校学生管理规定》执行。普通专升本学生的学费标准与普通本科相应专业学费标准相同。普通专升本学生毕业时，执行国家本科毕业生的有关就业政策。
一、高职院校自主招生的历史沿革
2003年, 为适应高等职业教育发展的需要, 黑龙江省率先尝试省属高职院校自主招生的入学方式。2004年, 江西省25所高职院校参加自主招生试点改革, 规定招生人数不得超过年度总招生计划的10%。2005年, 上海市遴选出3所民办高职院校试点自主招生。2006年, 教育部决定在高等教育毛入学率超过50%的北京、上海和天津等地进行高职院校自主招生试点改革。2007年, 教育部允许4所国家级示范性高职院校进行自主招生, 2008年, 自主招生考试试点院校增加到8所。2009年, 天津市首次批准12所高职院校举办自主招生考试, 招生计划795个, 随后几年, 招生院校数量和招生规模逐步增加。2014年, 天津市共有20所高职院校进行自主招生, 招生计划3440个, 占市属高职院校总体计划的6.5%, 为历年之最。
二、天津市高职院校自主招生实施办法
经过6年实践探索和经验积累, 天津市高职院校自主招生改革逐步完善。无论是参与自主招生的院校数量, 还是投放的自主招生计划数都逐年增加。
1.高职院校自主招生总体目标。
高职院校自主招生坚持公平竞争、公正选拔、公开透明的原则, 依法自主规定报考资格、自主组织专业考试、自主确定录取标准、自主实施招生录取, 积极探索在新的历史时期适合高职院校培养需要, 适合学生成长发展的全面考核、综合评价、择优录取的选拔模式。
2.高职院校自主招生考试。
高职院校自主招生考试包括专业素质考试和综合能力考试两部分。其中, 专业素质考试内容体现招生院校的选拔培养要求, 由招生院校负责组织实施。由于高职教育是培养专业特长突出的技能型人才, 因此, 专业素质考试主要是针对考生的动手能力、分析能力以及职业素质、品德、心理等方面的测试, 以考查考生的综合素质、专业适应度、职业潜能及职业认同感。综合能力考试则主要考查学生是否具备时事政治、言语理解、分析判断和社会适应等方面的基本知识和能力。
专业素质考试方式为面试及操作考查, 考试成绩总分为150分;综合能力考试方式为笔试, 考试时间90分钟, 考试成绩总分为150分。
3.高职院校自主招生录取。
各招生院校和市招生委员会高等学校招生办公室按照“学校负责、招办监督”的原则, 实施高职院校自主招生录取工作。各招生院校负责本校自主招生新生录取工作。市招生委员会高等学校招生办公室监督招生院校执行招生政策和招生计划的情况。
招生院校根据考生报考本校各专业的情况和考生专业考试成绩, 确定各专业最低录取控制范围。录取时, 招生院校以专业素质考试和综合能力考试成绩为主要依据, 结合考生高中学业水平考试成绩的绩点分数, 综合评价、择优录取。录取结束后, 招生院校将录取结果报市招生委员会高等学校招生办公室备案, 并向社会公布各专业录取原则和录取最低分。
已被自主招生录取的考生, 原则上不能再参加普通高考高职 (专科) 各批次的录取。能否参加普通高考本科各批次的录取, 由招生院校自主确定并在招生章程中公布。
录取照顾政策。招生院校制订实施的录取照顾政策, 遵照普通高考的相关规定执行。招生院校可根据本校选拔要求, 制订实施对获得相应职业资格或技能等级证书考生的录取照顾政策。招生院校制订实施的录取照顾政策总分值一般不得超过20分。
三、天津市高职院校自主招生特点分析
1.增加考试次数, 革除“一考定终身”弊端。
参加天津市高职院校自主招生的考生享有两次考试和录取的机会。全市高职院校自主招生工作在每年4月份以前完成, 没有被录取的考生, 可继续参加秋季普通高考;已被录取的考生, 如参加秋季普通高考, 仍可参加本科三批及以上批次院校的录取。2011年和2012年被高职院校自主招生录取的考生中, 分别有72.5%和70.3%的考生选择继续参加秋季普通高考。其中, 分别有30.7%和26.1%的考生被本科院校录取。由此可见, 天津市高职院校自主招生从制度设计层面, 为考生提供了更多的选择机会, 改变了“一考定终身”的局面。
2.选才标准多样化。
参与自主招生的高职院校“以专业素质考试和综合能力考试成绩为主”进行选才, 改变了普通高考“一张试卷选拔两类人才、以文化考试为主”进行选拔的现状。招生院校在规定学生高中学业水平考试成绩达到一定标准的基础上, 以自主组织的专业素质考试和综合能力考试成绩为主要依据, 结合考生高中学业水平考试成绩的绩点分数, 进行选拔录取, 能够体现高等职业教育的特点和高职院校的选才需求。同时, 为那些有志于就读高职、动手能力较强、职业潜质较好但不擅长文化课学习的考生, 提供了展示自身特长、凭借自己兴趣选择深造的入学机会, 让他们可以选择自己喜爱的学校和专业, 发挥自己的特长和专业潜质。
3.自主招生专业特色明显。
参与自主招生的高职院校可以突破以往录取批次的限制, 与其他重点高校一样享有优先挑选优质人才的机会, 将更多的考生纳入招生视野。自主招生投放的专业一般是经教育行政部门审批或备案且教学资源成熟、专业特色鲜明、就业率较高、吸引力强的重点建设专业。通过自主招生, 可以选拔专业适配度高、动手能力强的考生, 更有利于学校培养专门人才。
4.兼顾对学生高中阶段学习成绩和特长的考查。
招生院校在录取工作中, 合理参考高中学业水平考试成绩, 以兼顾对学生平时成绩的考查。如有的院校规定, 报考考生的语文、数学、物理、化学、生物、政治、历史、地理8门课程的高中学业水平考试成绩中, 有一个A的加6分, 有一个B的加3分, 有一个C的加2分。2014年, 参加自主招生的20所天津市高职院校中, 有18所院校对高中学业水平考试成绩予以承认并折算分数计入总成绩, 9所院校承认高中阶段取得的计算机、英语类等级证书和市级艺术、体育类获奖项目并折算分数计入总成绩。
四、结论
天津市组织实施的高职院校自主招生, 旨在选拔适合高等职业教育培养需要、动手操作能力较强的优秀高中毕业生进入相应高职院校进行高职阶段学习, 从实施效果分析如下:
1.随着报名人数逐年增多, 高职院校自主招生作为一种新的招生录取方式已得到各方的广泛认可, 并且在普通高中有比较稳定的生源基础。
2.高职院校自主招生有利于考生报考意愿的实现。根据开学后针对学生的问卷调查结果显示, 自主招生录取的学生在对学校和专业的满意度、对专业的了解、对学校生活的满意度方面皆高于普通高考招生录取的学生, 并且差异十分显著。这在一定程度上说明, 自主招生实现了大多数学生的报考意愿, 但与普通高考招生录取的考生相比, 文化课成绩普遍偏低。
3.高职院校自主招生录取方式与普通高考有显著区别, 通过两种方式录取的学生, 总体水平基本相当, 但各具特色, 说明自主招生可以应用在高等职业教育的选拔中, 且与高等职业教育的职能与定位更加匹配。
（一）英 语
Part Ⅰ.Vocabulary and Structure(1 point each, 30 points in all)Directions: There are 30 incomplete sentences.You are required to complete each one by deciding on the most appropriate word or words from the 4 choices marked A, B, C and D, then write the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.1.I don’t think Mary understood what you said, _____? A.do I B.didn’t she C.did you D.did she 2.Was it in 1969 _____ the American astronaut succeed _____ landing on the moon? A.when;on B.that;on C.which;in D that;in 3.The news reporters hurried to the airport, only _____ the film stars had left.A.to tell B.to be told C.telling D.told 4.Mrs.White became a teacher in 1985.She _____ for twenty years by next summer.A.will teach B.would have taught C.has been teaching D.will have been teaching 5.Thinking that you know _____ in fact you don’t is not a good idea.A.what B.that C.when D.which 6.He _____ when the bus came to a sudden stop.A.was almost hurt B.was almost to hurt himself C.was almost hurt himself D.was almost hurting himself 7.Rubber differs from plastics _____ it is produced naturally and not in file lab.A.at that B.in that C.for that D.with that 8.Having no money but _____ to know, he simply said he would go without dinner.A.not to want anyone B.wanted no one C.not wanting anyone D.to want no one 9._____danger man is often much wiser than usual.A.In a time of B.In the times of C.In the time of D.In time of 10.Mary answered all the questions _____the last one.A.unless B.except C.besides D.beside 11.When I mention the problem, I’m not _____ all of you.A.talking about B.referring to C.listening to D.carrying out 12.We haven’t time _____ to catch the train now.A.adequate B.sufficient C.enough D.much 13.The team was counting on Joe _____the race.A.won B.win C.wins D.to win 14.I bought a dozen eggs, six _____broke when I dropped the box at my door.A.from which B.in which C.of which D.among which 15.I’m sorry I can’t help _____your radio.A.him fixed B.fixing C.to fix D.you fixing 16.He did very well, but he failed _____the record.A.breaking B.on breaking C.to break D.having broken 17.Your idea seems to be good but it isn’t _____.A.practical B.possible C.plentiful D.precious 18.Alice trusts you;only you can _____ her to give up the foolish idea.A.suggest B.attract C.tempt D.persuade 19.The Internet has brought _____ big changes in the way we work.A.about B.out C.back D.up 20.I am sure David will be able to find the library because he has a pretty good _____ of direction.A.idea B.feeling C.experience D.sense 21.The evening news comes on at seven o’clock and _____ only thirty minutes.A.keeps B.continues C.finishes D.lasts 22.The factory had to _____ a number of employees because of the economic crisis in the country.A.lay out B.lay off C.lay aside D.lay down 23.People may have different opinions about Karen, but I admire her._____, she is a great musician.A.After all B.As a result C.In other words D.As usual 24.They had a pleasant chat _____ a cup of coffee.A.for B.with C.during D.over 25.The comments which he made _____ marketing bothered his boss greatly.A.being concerned B.concerned C.be concerned D.concerning 26.After the new technique was introduced, the factory produced _____ cars in 2002 as the year before.A.as many twice B.as twice many C.twice many as D.twice as many 27.The dictionary _____me ten dollars.A.cost B.spent C.took D.spends 28.Tom, you are so lazy.This job _____hours before.A.should finish B.could be finished C.must have been finished D.should have been finished 29.The salesman persuaded us _____his product.A.buying B.to buy C.buy D.having bought 30.Whether you learn or not is entirely _____ you.A.up to B.as to C.about to D.due to Part Ⅱ.Cloze(1 point each, 15 points in all)Directions: There are 15 blanks in the following passage.For each blank there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D.You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage and write the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.Most young people enjoy physical activities, walking, cycling, football, or mountaineering.These who have a passion(31)climbing high and difficult mountains are often(32)with astonishment.Why are men and women(33)to suffer cold and hardship, and to take a risk on high mountains? This astonishment is caused, probably, by the difference between mountaineering and other forms of activities(34)which men give their leisure.There are no manmade rules, as there are for(35)games as golf and football.There are, of course, rules of different kinds which it would be dangerous to(36), but it is this freedom from manmade rules that makes mountaineering attractive to many people.Those who climb mountains are free to use their own(37).If we(38)mountaineering with other more familiar sports, we might think that one big difference is(39)mountaineering is not a “team work”.However, it is only our misunderstanding.There are, in fact, no“ matches” between “teams” of climbers, but when climbers are on a rock face linked by a rope on which their lives may(40), obviously, there is teamwork.A mountain climber knows that he may have to fight with natural(41)that are stronger and more powerful than man.His sport requires high mental and(42)qualities.A mountain climber continues to improve on skill year after year.A skier is probably past his best by the age of thirty, and most international tennis champions(43)in their early twenties.But it is not(44)for men of fifty or sixty to climb the highest mountains in the Alps.They may take more(45)than younger men, but they probably climb with more skills and less waste of effort, and they certainly experience equal enjoyment.31.A.for B.in C.to D.of 32.A.looked up to B.looked forward C.looked into D.looked upon 33.A.willing B.reluctant C.unwilling D.probable 34.A.to B.with C.for D.towards 35.A.so B.various C.different D.such 36.A.apply B.worry C.ignore D.notice 37.A.methods B.forms C.rules D.activities 38.A.correlate B.relate C.compare D.contrast 39.A.for B.what C.which D.that 40.A.exist B.go C.depend D.confide 41.A.strength B.storms C.powers D.forces 42.A.physician B.physical C.physiological D.psychological 43.A.will be B.appear C.are D.is 44.A.unusual B.normal C.common D.strange 45.A.strength B.efforts C.energy D.time Part Ⅲ.Reading Comprehension(2.5 points each, 50 points in all)Directions: There are 4 tasks for you to fulfill.You should read the passages below carefully and do the tasks as you are instructed.Task 1 Directions: After reading the following passage, you will find 5 questions or unfinished statements(No.46 to No.50).For each question or statement there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D.You should make the correct choice and write the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.There are many shops in Singapore where customers still bargain, although prices are clearly shown on the goods.There is nothing out of the ordinary in haggling;some shopkeepers expect you to and will be surprised if you accept their prices immediately.We know that the prices in some stores are a bit higher than those in Change Alley, but we also realize that to keep a store like Robinson’s is by no means cheap.Besides, in such places we shop in air-conditioner(空调)comfort.For all these, we pay a little extra.It is not always true to say that things in Change Alley cost less.I once bought a Czechoslovakian glass butterdish from Robinson’s for a little under two dollars.I then went on to Change Alley and just by chance saw an article of the same shape, design and size, in one of the shops.I then asked about its price, and was surprised when the man demanded more than four dollars for it.“How much can you offer?” he shouted at me.I offered him exactly the same price I paid for the article and his reply was shockingly rude.I opened my bag, showed him my receipt, stared at him and walked out of his shop.A buyer in England expects to find the price of goods clearly shown, or, to be told exactly what the price is.He knows this is the lowest price that will be accepted.If he thinks the price is beyond what he can afford, he shrugs(耸耸)his shoulders and walks away.He does not attempt to bargain with the shopkeeper.Even if he showed annoyance or surprise, he would expect to be to that if the price was unacceptable, he should try elsewhere.46.The underlined word “haggling”(line 2, Para.1)in the text most probably means _____.A.accepting the prices immediately B.fixing the right cost for some goods C.arguing about the price of something D.paying extra for comfortable shopping 47.We can learn from the text that Robinson’s is a store which sells_____.A.expensive goods B.airconditioners C.Czechoslovakian goods D.goods at a bargain price 48.The writer asked about the price of a glass butterdish in Change Alley because he wanted to _____.A.buy it at a lower price B.change his dish for something else C.find out if the shop assistant is polite D.compare the prices of the dish in two stores 49.Which of the following words best describes the feeling of a British customer when“ he shrugs his shoulders and walks away”(line 3-4, Para.3)? A.Frightened.B.Worded.C.Annoyed.D.Disappointed.50.What would probably happen if a customer does bargain with a shopkeeper in England? A.The customer would be advised to shop in other stores.B.The customer would get the goods at a lower price.C.They would discuss and then reach an agreement.D.They would quarrel about the price of the goods.Task 2 Directions: After reading the following passage, you will find 5 questions or unfinished statements(No.51 to No.55).For each question or statement there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D.You should make the correct choice and write the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.The basic flag of the United States is one of the world’s oldest national flags.Only the basic flags of Austria, Denmark, Great Britain, the Netherlands, Sweden, and Switzerland are older.During the discovery and settlement of what is now the United States, the flags of various European nations were flown over the land, as symbols of possession.Later, in the Colonial(殖民的)and Revolutionary War periods, flags representing famous persons, places, and events were flown in the American Colonies.The first official flag of the United States was created by Congress(国会)on June 14, 1777.It consisted of 13 alternate red and white stripes and 13 white stars in a field of blue, representing the 13 colonies that had declared their independence in 1776.Congress adopted a new flag of 15 stars and 15 stripes in 1795, to give representation to the two new states admitted into the Union, Vermont and Kentucky.By 1817, there were 20 states in the Union, and it became apparent that adding one stripe for each new state would destroy the shape of the flag.As a result, Congress in 1818 restored the original design of 13 stripes and provided that each state was to be represented by one star.In 1912 President William H.Taft made the first official provision for the arrangement of the stars.He ordered that there be six even rows of eight stars each.Previously the arrangement of the stars had been left to the flagmaker’s desire.The evolution of the Stars and Stripes reflects the growth of the United States.After the admission of Hawaii into the Union in 1959, the flag was officially changed for the 26th time since its creation.There are many government flags flown in the United States in addition to the national’s flag.Among them are the president’s and vice president’s flags and those of the federal departments and some federal agencies.Each state in the Union has an official flag.51.Why were only the flags of various European nations flown over the land, during the discovery and settlement period? A.Because the flags were older than the national flag of the U.S..B.Because the land was divided by these nations.C.Because there was no universal flag over the land.D.We don’t know from the passage.52.The first national flag of the United States _____.A.represented the 13 colonies which won independence in 1776 B.was flown in American colonies in 1776 C.was flown in American colonies in 1795 D.gave representation to Congress 53.By whom the stars were placed on the national flag in 1818 and 1912? A.Congress.B.The president.C.The government.D.The flagmaker.54.How many states entered the Union between 1818 and 1912? A.30.B.28.C.13.D.8.55.Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage? A.Before 1959 the flag had been changed 25 times.B.Each federal department has its own official flag.C.The national flag of the U.S.had 26 stars on it after admission of Hawaii into the Union in 1959.D.In 1912, there had been 48 states in the Union.Task 3 Directions: After reading the following passage, you will find 5 questions or unfinished statements(No.56 to No.60).For each question or statement there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D.You should make the correct choice and write the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.Blind people can “see” things by using other parts of their bodies.This fact may help us to understand our feelings about color.If blind people can sense color differences, then perhaps we, too, are affected by color unconsciously(无意识地).Manufacturers(生产商)have discovered by experience that sugar sells.Badly in green wrappings, that blue foods are considered unpleasant, and that cosmetics(化妆品)should never be packaged in brown.These discoveries have grown into a branch of color psychology.Color psychology now finds application in everything from fashion to decoration.Some of our preferences are clearly psychological.Dark blue is the color of the night sky and therefore associated with calm, while yellow is a day color with associations of energy and incentive(刺激).For a primitive man, activity during the day meant hunting and attacking, while he soon saw red as the color of blood and anger and the heat that came with effort.And green is associated with passive defense and selfprotection.Experiments have shown that colors, partly because of their psychological associations, also have a direct psychological effect.People exposed to bring red show an increase in breath, in heartbeat and in blood pressure;red is exciting.Similar exposure to pure blue has exactly the opposite effect;it is a calming color.(Because of its exciting meaning, red is chosen as the signal for danger, but closer analysis shows that a vivid yellow can produce a more basic state of alarm.)So fire engines and ambulances in some advanced communities are now rushing around in bright yellow colors that stop the traffic dead.56.Our preferences for certain colors are _____ according to the passage.A.associated with the time of the day B.dependent on our personalities C.are linked with our ancestors D.partly due to psychological factors 57.If people are exposed to bright red, which of the following things does NOT happen? A.They breathe faster.B.They feel satisfied.C.Their blood pressure rises.D.Their hearts beat faster.58.Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage? A.Color probably has an effect on us which we are not conscious of.B.Yellow fire engines have caused many bad accidents in some advanced communities.C.People exposed to pure blue start to breathe more slowly.D.The psychology of color is of some practical use.59.Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage? A.Manufacturers often sell sugar in green wrapping.B.Dark blue bring people the feeling of being energetic.C.Primitive people associated heat and anger with red.D.Green and yellow are associated with calm and passive defense.60.Which of the following could be the most suitable title for the passage? A.The Branch of Color Psychology B.Color and Its Meanings C.The Practical Use of Color Psychology D.Color and Feelings
Task 4 Directions: After reading it , you should answer each of the 5 questions(No.61 to No.65)within 3 words.The answer should be written after the corresponding numbers on the Answer Sheet.Long ago men learned that the world of nature is built with mathematical exactness according to refined and powerful laws;every bee strokes its wings exactly 440 times a second to propel itself forty miles an hour;the eye of every fly has exactly 7,000 lenses;every spider’s thread is composed of 300 single threads.The progress of civilization itself can be measured by its range of mathematics.The early Egyptians knew enough of geometry to build the pyramids and the Greeks used trigonometry to measure the circumference of the earth two thousand years before Columbus sailed.European civilization combined geometry and trigonometry with the decimal system of the Arabs to produce the maps with which they explored the known world.In a later century, mathematicians studied the pendulum of the newly invented clock and created the language of calculus to measure motion.The yardstick of measurement today must cover everything from units tinier than atoms to distances of millions of light years.Speed and accuracy are vital.Man can never send a rocket to Mars unless he knows the exact distance to the planet, since the slightest error could mean missing it by 30,000 miles.In navigating amid the planets and stars, man must have the help of some kind of machine calculators for fast and absolutely accurate information.Questions: 61.What is the basis of the world of nature according to the passage? _______________ 62.What is the main topic of the passage? _______________ 63.This selection discusses mathematics chiefly as a means of __________ rather than a means of expressing ideas.64.What was Calculus created for according to the passage? _______________ 65.According to the passage, what did the Europeans make use of as far as mathematics is concerned? _______________ Part Ⅳ.Translation(35 points)Section A Directions： Translate the following sentences from English into Chinese(4 points each for No.66 through No.68;6 points for No.69;18 points in all.)66.Nobody has taught him how to act well on the stage.67.In the second half of the 19th century many great inventions were made.68.It was not until I saw him that I felt happy.69.The report compares the different types of home computers available in market.Section B Directions： Translate the following sentences from Chinese into English(4 points each for No.70 through No.72;5 points for No.73;17 points in all.)70.无论教授多忙，他都经常抽时间做关于大众科学的讲座。71.这正是我所要表达的意思：不要在朋友需要你的时候离开他。72.他尽可能忍受着这种疼痛。
73.虽然这些建筑有时会受到威胁，但它们的名气多少能保护它们。Part Ⅴ.Writing(20 points)Directions： Write on ONE of the following two topics.You are supposed to follow the instructions given below.1.You are required to base your composition entitled“Gity problems”on the outline given below in Chinese.（1）越来越多的人涌入大城市，有些问题随之产生。（2）比较明显的大问题有„„（3）我对这种现象的想法。
2.说明：以学生会的名义于2007年6月10日写一张演讲会的通知。演讲人：著名教授John Smith先生 时间：下周五晚上7点 地点：报告厅
主题：世界经济发展与中国加入WTO后中国轻工业的未来 领票时间及地点：每晚7点至9点在5号楼601房间 负责人：李明
安徽省普通高等学校专升本招生考试考前密押试卷
（二）英 语
Part Ⅰ.Vocabulary and Structure(1 point each, 30 points in all)Directions: There are 30 incomplete sentences.You are required to complete each one by deciding on the most appropriate word or words from the 4 choices marked A, B, C and D, then write the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.1.We were tired and nervous _____ the constant tension.A.from B.for C.with D.off 2.“What makes her so unhappy?” “_____ one of her favorite books.” A.Because she lost B.Because of her losing C.She lost D.Her losing 3.“I usually sleep with the windows closed at night, even in summer.” “You can never be _____ careful.”
A.very B.much C.too D.so 4.I hope the stove will _____ enough heat to warm the room.A.get over B.give in C.get out D.give off 5.Wait a moment, please.Richard will be back _____.A.in no time B.at no time C.at times D.at a time 6._____ I accept that the plan is not perfect, I do actually like it.A.When B.Since C.While D.Unless 7.There were dirty marks on her trousers _____ she had wiped her hands.A.where B.when C.that D.what 8.History is a record of mankind;different historians, _____, interpret it differently.A.therefore B.on the contrary C.however D.consequently 9.Mr.Smith _____here for three weeks.A.is already being B.has already been C.has already been being D.is already 10.Billy has difficulty _____the rest of the class.A.to keep up with B.to keep up C.keeping up with D.keeping on 11.It won’t make much _____whether you leave today or tomorrow.A.different B.differences C.difference D.differently 12.Let us hope we can settle the matter without _____more trouble.A.any B.a little C.some D.little 13._____the temperature, _____water turns into steam.A.The high;the fast B.Higher;faster C.The more higher;the faster D.The higher;the faster 14.We _____for her because she never came.A.needn’t wait B.shouldn’t have waited
C.mustn’t wait D.mustn’t have waited 15.I insist that a doctor _____immediately.A.has been sent for B.sends for C.will be sent for D.be sent for 16.He was disappointed to find his suggestions _____.A.been turned down B.turned down C.to be turned down D.to turn down 17.I don’t regret _____even if it might have upset her.A.to tell her what I thought B.to have told her that I thought C.telling what I thought D.telling her what I thought 18.The rice _____if you had been more careful.A.would not be burning B.would not burn C.would not have been burnt D.would not burnt 19.Upon graduation he asked to be sent to _____.A.where he is most needed B.where he needed C.where he is mostly needed D.where is he mostly needed 20.The roof fell _____he had time to dash into the room to save his baby.A.since B.as C.before D.until 21._____got into the room_____the telephone rang.A.He hardly had;then B.Hardly had he;when C.He had not;than D.Not had he;when 22.When Mary paid the bill she was given a _____ for her money.A.cheque B.receipt C.ticket D.label 23.Medical care reform has become this country’s most important public health_____.A.question B.matter C.stuff D.issue 24.How can you avoid mistakes when you’re in such a _____ ? A.speed B.worry C.hastening D.hurry 25.There is no _____ in insisting on the impossible.A.mind B.meaning C.sense D.help 26.As a doctor, I’m very interested in medical _____.A.magazine B.journal C.periodical D.technical 27.Their profits have grown rapidly in recent years, and this upward _____ is expected to continue.A.increase B.tendency C.movement D.progress 28.The doctor told Penny that too much _____ to the sun is bad for the skin.A.exposure B.exhibition C.extension D.expansion 29.The regular teacher is ill, so a(an)_____is teaching us today.A.candidate B.applicant C.sponsor D.substitute 30.The Great Wall is a great tourist _____ drawing millions of visitors every year.A.drawer B.attention C.attraction D.arrangement Part Ⅱ.Cloze(1 point each, 15 points in all)Directions: There are 15 blanks in the following passage.For each blank there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D.You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage and write the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.What do we mean by a perfect English pronunciation? In one(31)there are as many different kinds of English as there are speakers of it.(32)two speakers speak in exactly the same(33).We can always hear differences between them, and the pronunciation of English(34)a great deal in different geographical(35).How do we decide what sort of English to use as a(36).This is not a question that can be answered in the same way for all foreign learners of English.(37)you live in a part of the world(38)India or West Africa, where there is a long(39)of speaking English for general communication purpose, you should select to acquire a good variety of the pronunciation of this area.It would be(40)in these circumstances to use as a model BBC English or(41)of the sort.On the other hand, if you live in a country(42)there is no traditional use of English, you must take as your model some forms of(43)English pronunciation.It does not(44)very much which form you choose.The most(45)way is to take as your model the sort of English you can hear most often.31.A.meaning B.sense C.case D.situation 32.A.Not B.No C.None D.Nor 33.A.type B.form C.sort D.way 34.A.changes B.varies C.shifts D.alters 35.A.areas B.parts C.countries D.spaces 36.A.direction B.guide C.symbol D.model 37.A.Because B.When C.If D.Whether 38.A.as B.in C.like D.near 39.A.custom B.use C.tradition D.habit 40.A.fashion B.mistake C.nonsense D.possibility 41.A.everything B.nothing C.anything D.things 42.A.where B.that C.which D.wherever 43 A.practical B.domestic C.native D.new 44.A.care B.affect C.trouble D.matter 45.A.effective B.sensitive C.ordinary D.careful Part Ⅲ.Reading Comprehension(2.5 points each, 50 points in all)Directions: There are 4 tasks for you to fulfill.You should read the passages below carefully and do the tasks as you are instructed.Task 1 Directions: After reading the following passage, you will find 5 questions or unfinished statements(No.46 to No.50).For each question or statement there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D.You should make the correct choice and write the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.A scientist who does research in economic psychology and who wants to predict way in which consumers will spend their money must study consumer behaviors.He must obtain data both on the resources of consumers and on the motives that tend to encourage or discourage money spending.If an economist was asked which one of the three groups borrowed most—people with rising incomes, stable incomes, or declining incomes—he would probably answer: those with declining incomes.Actually, in the years 1947 to 1950, the answer was: people with rising incomes.People with declining incomes were next and people with stable incomes borrowed the least.This shows us that traditional assumption is that if people who have money expect prices to go up, they will hasten to buy.If they expect prices to go down, they will postpone buying.But research surveys have shown that this is not always true.The expectations of income increases may not stimulate buying.One typical attitude was expressed by the wife of a mechanic in an interview at a time of rising prices.“In a few months,” she said, “we’ll have to pay more for meat and milk, we’ll have less to spend on other things.” Furthermore, the rise in prices that has already taken place may be resented and buyer’s resistance may be evoked.This is shown by the following typical comment: “I just don’t pay these prices, they are too high.”
Traditional assumptions should be investigated carefully, and factors of time and place should be considered.The investigations mentioned above were carried out in America.Investigations conducted at the same time in Great Britain, however, yielded results that were more in agreement with traditional assumptions about saying and spending patterns.The condition most conductive to spending appears to be price stability.If prices here have been stable and people have become accustomed, to consider them “right” and expect them to remain stable, they are likely to buy.Thus, it appears that the common business policy of maintaining stable prices with occasional sales or discounts is based on a correct understanding of consumer psychology.46.The example of the mechanic’s wife is intend to show that in times of rising prices, _____.A.people with declining income tend to buy less B.people with stable income tend to borrow less C.people with increasing income tend to buy more D.people with money also tend to buy less 47.Finding in investigations in Britain indicate _____.A.certain factors should be taken into account B.people in Britain behave in the same way as those in America C.price stability results from a correct understanding of consumer psychology D.occasional discounts and sales are necessary 48.According to the passage people tend to buy more when _____.A.prices are expected to go up B.prices are expected to go down C.prices don’t change
D.business policy remains unchanged 49.The best title of the passage is _____.A.Consumer’s Purchasing Power
B.Relationship between Income and Purchasing Power C.Traditional Assumptions D.Studies in Consumer Behavior 50.According to the passage, what does the author think of the traditional assumptions about consumer behavior? A.The assumptions are not always true.B.They are in reliable.C.They are in consistent with the findings in investigation.D.The assumptions are not at all wrong.Task 2 Directions: After reading the following passage, you will find 5 questions or unfinished statements(No.51 to No.55).For each question or statement there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D.You should make the correct choice and write the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.There is evidence that the usual variety of high blood pressure is, in part, a family disease.Since families have similar genes as well as similar environment, family diseases could be due to shared genetic influences, to shared environmental factors, or to both.For some years, the role of one’s environmental factor commonly shared by families, namely, dietary salt, has been studied at Brookhaven National Laboratory.These studies suggest that chronic excess salt ingestion can lead to high blood pressure in man and animals.Some individuals, however, and some rats consume large amounts of salt without developing high blood pressure.No matter how strictly all environmental factors were controlled in these experiments, some saltfed animals never develop hypertension where—as a few rapidly developed very severe hypertension followed by early death.These marked variations were interpreted to result from differences in genetic constitution.By mating in successive generations only those animals that failed to develop hypertension from salt ingestion, a resistant strain(the“R” strain)has been evolved in which consumption of large quantities of salt fails to influence the blood pressure significantly.In contrast, by mating only animals that quickly develop hypertension from salt, a sensitive strain(the“S” strain)has also been developed.The availability of these two strains permits investigations not heretofore possible.They provide a plausible laboratory model on which to investigate some clinical aspects of the human prototypes of hypertension.More important, there might be the possibility of developing methods by which genetic susceptibility of human beings to high blood pressure can be defined without waiting for its appearance.51.Which statement relates the main idea of this passage? A.When salt is added to their diets, rats and men react in much the same way.B.The near future will see a cure for high blood pressure.C.Modern research has shown that high blood pressure is a result of salt in the diet.D.A tendency toward high blood pressure may be a hereditary factor.52.The study of the effects of salt on high blood pressure was carried out_____.A.because members of the same family tend to use similar amounts of salt B.to explore the longterm use of a sodiumbased substance C.because it was proved that salt caused high blood pressure D.because of the availability of chemically pure salt and its derivatives 53.It is implied that the main difference between “S” and “R” rats is their_____.A.need for Sodium B.rate of mating C.reaction to salt D.type of blood 54.In the experiments, _____.A.there was an increase in the human consumption of salt B.salteaters have bad health conditions C.the environment was strictly monitored D.highblood pressure was easier put under control 55.Among the results of the research discussed in this article, the most beneficial might be_____.A.the early identification of potential high blood pressure victims B.development of diets free of salt C.an early cure for high blood pressure D.control of genetic agents that cause high blood pressure
Task 3 Directions: After reading the following passage, you will find 5 questions or unfinished statements(No.56 to No.60).For each question or statement there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D.You should make the correct choice and write the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.Over two hundred years ago, Adam Smith introduced some ideas, which brought about a world revolution.If we enjoy a high standard of living in modern society, we owe much to this Scottish economist and philosopher.If we enjoy driving in beautiful cars, wearing fashionable shoes, or flying away to distant places for exciting holidays, we should perhaps pay thanks to the man who made it all possible.What was Adam Smith’s contribution? Like so many ideas, which have surprising effects, his was a simple one.He watched workers practising their craft of pin making.One man would heat the strip of metal, stretch it out, cat off an appropriate length, shape it, cool it and finally smooth and shine it.Smith drew attention to the advantages which could be gained if these various tasks were performed by different workers.Let one be responsible for preparing the metal.Another for stretching and cutting.Another for shaping.Another for finishing.He described the technique as the Division of Labour;in this way workers repeat the same actions again and again.Smith convinced the world that specialization could solve the problem of poverty and want.What was the result? The Industrial Revolution.Productivity was greatly increased.For Britain, where the revolution started, there was a prosperity which made it the richest country in the nineteenth century.British trains and railway lines spread out like a spider’s web across the world.British ships were used to carry the new cargoes from one comer of the world to another.The revolution is not over.It is still with us, but now it is a worldwide phenomenon.Everywhere, factories are producing large numbers of similar products, and are in continuous production.What were called massproduction lines yesterday are called robotic productions today.The pace of change is increasing.And if these techniques have brought us prosperity, they have brought us a little misery in overcrowded towns, boring jobs and, most of all, unemployment.56.We should be grateful to Adam Smith because _____.A.his ideas made it possible for people to improve their lives B.he invented a more efficient way of pin making C.he started the industrial revolution D.he brought to people a high standard of living 57.Which of the following is true according to the passage? A.The Division of Labour makes work more interesting.B.Specialization could solve the problem of unemployment.C.Adam Smith put forward the idea of the Division of Labour.D.Adam Smith insisted that each worker be better paid.58.From the passage we know that the Industrial Revolution _____.A.led to Adam Smith’ s idea of specialization B.was finished in the nineteenth century C.also has its sideeffects in society D.put an end to poverty in the world 59.According to the passage, the Industrial Revolution is responsible for the following results except _____.A.prosperity B.crime C.unemployment D.over crowdedness 60.What is the best title for this passage? A.The Theory of Division of Labour and Its Significance B.The Industrial Revolution and Its Significance C.The Causes of Industrial Revolution D.Adam Smith, the Economist and Philosopher
Task 4 Directions: After reading it , you should answer each of the 5 questions(No.61 to No.65)within 3 words.The answer should be written after the corresponding numbers on the Answer Sheet.The greatest recent social changes have been in the lives of women.During the twentieth century there has been a remarkable shortening of the proportion of a woman’s life spent in caring for children.A woman marrying at the end of the nineteenth century would probably have been in her middle twenties, and would be likely to have seven or eight children, of whom four or five lived till they were five years old.By the time the youngest was fifteen, the mother would have been in her early fifties and would expect to live a further twenty years, during which custom, opportunity and health made it unusual for her to get paid work.Today women marry younger and have fewer children.Usually a woman’s youngest child will be fifteen when she is fortyfive and can be expected to live another thirtyfive years and is likely to take paid work until retirement at sixty.Even while she has the care of children, her work is lightened by household appliances and convenience foods.This important change in women’s lifepattern has only recently begun to have its full effect on women’s economic position.Even a few years ago most girls left school at the first opportunity, and most of them took a fulltime job.However, when they married, they usually left work at once and never returned to it.Today the schoolleaving age is sixteen, many girls stay at school after that age, and though women tend to marry younger, more married women stay at work at least until shortly before their first child is born.Very many more afterwards return to full or parttime work.Such changes have led to a new relationship in marriage, with the husband accepting a greater share of the duties and satisfactions of family life, and with both husband and wife sharing more equally in providing the money, and running the home, according to the abilities and interests of each of them.Questions: 61.What is the passage mainly about? _______________ 62.According to the author, what makes women’s housework easier to do? _______________ 63.A woman in the nineteenth century would probably spend most of their time in _____.64.Where does a married woman in the twentieth century essentially differ from a woman in the nineteenth century as far as their lifepattern is concerned? _______________ 65.What does the change of women’s economic position finally result in? _______________ Part Ⅳ.Translation(35 points)Section A Directions： Translate the following sentences from English into Chinese(4 points each for No.66 through No.68;6 points for No.69;18 points in all.)66.As people’s demands for more convenience telephone communications increased, came the mobile phone.67.Not until the problem of talents and funds is solved, is our talking about the project meaningful.68.Scientists are eager to talk with other scientists working on similar problems.69.Women are going after equality themselves instead of waiting for organizations to deliver it．
Section B Directions： Translate the following sentences from Chinese into English(4 points each for No.70 through No.72;5 points for No.73;17 points in all.)70.今天他起得很早，以免开会迟到。71．这次考试比我们预想的要难得多。
72．人们更愿意谈论足球或天气，而不是人寿险。73.一个具有文学艺术欣赏力的人能胜任这项工作。Part Ⅴ.Writing(20 points)Directions： Write on ONE of the following two topics.You are supposed to follow the instructions given below.1.You are required to write a composition entitled“Fast Food”on the outline given below in Chinese.（1）快餐在中国十分流行。（2）快餐受欢迎的原因。（3）我对快餐的看法。
2.Directions:This part is to test your ability to do practical writing.Suppose you are going to apply for a job.Now fill in the application form with the necessary information.You can make use of the hints given in Chinese.Remember to write your writing on the Composition Sheet.你在昨天的报纸上看到招聘私人秘书，于是写了一封求职信。内容如下：(1)你想申请什么工作；
(2)申请这份工作，你具有什么优势；(3)附上简历，希望有个面试机会。
安徽省普通高等学校专升本招生考试考前密押试卷
（三）英 语
Part Ⅰ.Vocabulary and Structure(1 point each, 30 points in all)Directions: There are 30 incomplete sentences.You are required to complete each one by deciding on the most appropriate word or words from the 4 choices marked A, B, C and D, then write the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.1.Somehow she felt that she herself had to some _____ been the cause of all this trouble, and suffered accordingly.A.extent B.manner C.respect D.effect 2.The new government report on agricultural production is a very interesting _____.A.edition B.volume C.copy D.publication 3.She felt offended at my remarks, but it wasn’t my _____ to hurt her.A.implication B.indication C.intention D.invasion 4.He had nothing but the _____ of the mill to support him.A.benefits B.interests C.advantages D.profits 5.The lawyer succeeded in getting _____ awarded against the defendant.A.cost and damage B.costs and damage C.costs and damages D.cost and damages 6.When I am tired I frequently make silly arithmetical _____.A.mistakes B.follies C.faults D.defects 7.Dogs are often praised for their _____;they almost never abandon their masters.A.faith B.loyalty C.trust D.truthfulness 8.Every camera we sell comes with a twoyear _____.A.guarantee B.safety C.confirmation D.conservation 9.We shall have an opportunity to exchange _____ tomorrow.A.sights B.views C.meanings D.minds 10.A man’s _____ lessens as he grows old.A.life B.effort C.temper D.vigor 11.The fact _____ shows that he was never really serious about coming.A.that he didn’t turn up B.which he didn’t turn up C.he didn’t turn up D.for him not to turn up 12.He opened the door to _____ were eager to seek after knowledge.A.who B.that C.such as D.those 13.With the advancement of technology, computers have come into the market_____capable of doing very complicated calculations at great speed.A.that they are B.which are C.that is D.which they are 14.He wants to read a book,_____is most unusual for him.A.which B.that C.this D.what 15.There is no rule_____has some exceptions.A.that B.but C.which D.what 16.Most of the news on the front pages of daily newspapers _____ the progress of peace conference.A.is concerned B.are concerning C.concerns D.concern 17.You won’t know if it fits you until you _____ it on.A.will try B.are trying C.tried D.have tried 18.When she phoned I didn’t have much time to talk, because I _____ for France in two hours.A.left B.would have left C.had left D.was leaving 19.In the eighteenth century writers _____ hours in coffee houses, discussing the news of the day.A.used to spending B.used to spend C.would be spending D.were used to spend 20.There was no sign that Mr.Joplin, who keeps a firm control on the party despite from _____ leadership of it, would intervene personally.A.being resigned B.having resigned C.going to resign D.resign 21.The conference _____ a full week by the time it ends.A.must have lasted B.will have lasted C.would last D.have lasted 22.The old gentleman is said _____ a very rich man when he was young.A.to have been B.having been C.to be D.to have being 23.We _____ three major snowstorms so far this winter.A.had B.have C.have had D.had had 24.I didn’t mean _____ anyone but somehow I succeeded in annoying them all.A.having offended B.to be offending C.to offend D.offending 25.This project is known to _____ for three months.A.having been going on B.go on C.have been going on D.be going on 26.I had been sitting in my seat for at least two hours, waiting _____.A.the train to start B.for the train starting C.for the train to start D.for the train start 27.Thank you for applying for a position with our firm.We do not have any openings at this time, but we shall keep your application on _____ for two months.A.pile B.segment C.sequence D.file 28.As soon as his party came into _____ they changed the law.A.force B.power C.strength D.position 29.I saw Bob Dylan play in 1968 and on that _____ he was simply brilliant.A.chance B.opportunity C.occasion D.situation 30.She said she liked dancing but was not in the _____ for it just then.A.manner B.intention C.desire D.mood Part Ⅱ.Cloze(1 point each, 15 points in all)Directions: There are 15 blanks in the following passage.For each blank there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D.You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage and write the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.When two hands meet, we pass on something of ourselves.After(31)to Mark Twain, Helen—who was both deaf and blind—commented, “I can feel the twinkle of his eye(32)his handshake.” In some indefinable way, Twain had(33)his charm to Keller.And that’s probably been true of the handshake all the way back to its earliest days,(34)no one can tell its actual(35).A common explanation is that(36)early man encountered a stranger, he held out his hand to show he had no weapon.From this supposedly,(37)the handshake.Not so, says historian Brian Burke.He believes, the handshake(38)“putting your blood behind your breath.” He explains that ancient people(39)the spoken word alone, and they used the handclasp to signify that their promise was backed up by the(40)of their heart—i.e.their blood.(41), the handshake suggested trust.That(42)of trust has survived to this day.People in business often comply agreements simply by declaring, “Let’s shake(43)it.”
Perhaps the most(44)handshake took place on July 17, 1975, during the Apollo Soyuz get together in space.After the two crafts came together, American astronaut Thomas Stafford(45)the extended hand of Soviet cosmonaut Alexey Leonov.The message to the world was one of friendship and peace.31.A.introducing B.introduced C.being introduced D.having introduced 32.A.in B.of C.with D.over 33.A.communicated B.converted C.shifted D.suggested 34.A.and B.even C.so D.though 35.A.history B.date C.beginning D.development 36.A.before B.while C.since D.when 37.A.appeared B.changed C.evolved D.produced 38.A.implied B.interpreted C.informed D.revealed 39.A.disapproved B.disregarded C.disagreed D.distrusted 40.A.capacity B.energy C.force D.power 41.A.However B.Thus C.Moreover D.Anyway 42.A.attempt B.cause C.meaning D.reason 43.A.on B.by C.at D.to 44.A.convincing B.expensive C.powerful D.reliable 45.A.clapped B.grasped C.received D.pulled Part Ⅲ.Reading Comprehension(2.5 points each, 50 points in all)Directions: There are 4 tasks for you to fulfill.You should read the passages below carefully and do the tasks as you are instructed.Task 1 Directions: After reading the following passage, you will find 5 questions or unfinished statements(No.46 to No.50).For each question or statement there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D.You should make the correct choice and write the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.Questions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage:(Nearly all “speed reading” courses have a “pacing” element—some timing device which lets the student know how many words a minute he is reading.)You can do this simply by looking at your watch every 5 or 10 minutes and noting down the page number you have reached.Check the average number of words per page for the particular book you are reading.How do you know when 5 minutes has passed on your watch if you are busy reading the book? Well, this is difficult at first.A friend can help by timing you over a set period, or you can read within hearing distance of a public clock which strikes the quarter hours.Pace yourself every three or four days, always with the same kind of easy, general interest books.You should soon notice your accustomed w.p.m.rate creeping up.Obviously there is little point in increasing your w.p.m.rate if you do not understand what you are reading.When you are consciously trying to increase your reading speed, stop after every chapter(if you are reading a novel)or every section or group of ten or twelve pages(if it is a textbook)and ask yourself a few questions about what you have been reading.If you find you have lost the thread of the story, or you cannot remember clearly the details of what was said, reread the section or chapter.You can also try “lightning speed” exercise from time to time.Take four or five pages of the general interest book you happen to be reading and read them as fast as you possibly can.Do not bother about whether you understand or not.Now go back and read them at what you feel to be your “normal” w.p.m.rate, the rate at which you can comfortably understand.After a “lightning speed” reading through(probably 600 w.p.m.), you will usually find that your “normal” speed has increased—perhaps by as much as 50100 w.p.m.This is the technique sportsmen use when they usually run further in training than they will have to on the day of the big race.46.According to the passage, a “pacing” device_____.A.is used to time a student’s reading speed B.is not used in most speed reading courses C.is used as an aid to vocabulary learning D.should be used whenever we read alone 47.In speed reading, looking at your watch every 5 or 10 minutes_____.A.avoids the need for reading faster B.is not the same as pacing C.may seem unworkable at first D.helps you to remember your page number 48.When you are reading a novel, you should check your understanding of the content after_____.A.every chapter B.every section C.every four or five pages D.every ten or twelve pages 49.The purpose of the “lightning speed” exercise is to_____.A.increase your speed by scanning the text first B.test your maximum reading speed C.help you understand more of the content of the book D.enable you to win reading races against your friends 50.The best title for this passage would be_____.A.Hints for Successful Reading B.Hints for Speed Reading C.Effective Reading D.Lightning Speed Exercises
Task 2 Directions: After reading the following passage, you will find 5 questions or unfinished statements(No.51 to No.55).For each question or statement there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D.You should make the correct choice and write the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.At the European Commission in Brussels, they have a joke about the work interpreters do “Languages”, they say, “have nothing to do with interpretation, it helps to know them.” Anyone thinking of becoming an interpreter would bear this so well in mind.Translating languages, especially in a political context, involves far more than mere linguistic ability.To work in an international organization, such as the United Nations, you need to be approved by one of the various international translators or interpreters’ associations.To achieve this, you must experience rigorous and lengthy training, either at an accrediting organization’s own school, or on a postgraduate course at university.But a qualification in languages is not the only route into the job.At London’s University of Westminster, candidates get offered a place on the interpreter’s course if they can show that they have “lived a bit” in the words of one lecture.Young people who have just left university often lack adequate experience of life.The University also looks for candidates who have lived for long time in the countries where their acquired languages are spoken.They are also expected to have wide cultural interests and a good knowledge of current affairs.This broad range of interests are essential in a job which can require interpreting discussions of disarmament(裁军)on Monday, international fishing rights on Tuesday, multinational finance on Wednesday, and the building and construction industry on Thursday.Interpreters also rely on adrenaline(肾上腺素)—which is caused by the stress and challenges of the job to keep them going through their demanding schedules.Many admit that they enjoy the buzz of adrenaline they get from the job, and it’s known that their heart rates speed up while they are working.It’s also a job with its own risks and excitement.Interpreters are needed in war zones as well as in centers of international diplomacy, like the U.N..51.According to the passage, what does the underlined phrase “lived a bit ”mean?
A.To be older than others.B.To travel to more countries.C.To have abundant life experience.D.To have longer training in interpreting.52.Candidates for the training course in London’s University of Westminster need the following qualifications EXCEPT _____.A.having wide cultural interests B.having a good knowledge of current affairs C.being familiar with the languages they translate D.being eloquent lecturers 53.The interpreters rely on adrenaline because _____.A.it can help finish their work quickly B.it can make them excited C.it can prevent them from heart disease D.it can make them work harder 54.According to the passage, we can infer that _____.A.language has nothing to do with interpreting B.only those postgraduates from the foreign language universities can work as interpreters C.interpreters must live in the country where the required language is spoken D.interpreters build the bridge for international communication 55.The job as interpreter has the following characteristics EXCEPT _____.A.funny B.intrepid C.dangerous sometimes D.exciting
Task 3 Directions: After reading the following passage, you will find 5 questions or unfinished statements(No.56 to No.60).For each question or statement there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D.You should make the correct choice and write the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.The number of speakers of English in Shakespeare’s time is estimated to have been about five million.Today it is estimated that some 260 million people speak it as a native language, mainly in the United States, Canada, Great Britain, Ireland, South Africa, Australia and New Zealand.In addition to the standard varieties of English found in these areas, there are a great many regional and social varieties of the language, as well as various levels of usage that are employed both in its spoken and written forms.It is virtually impossible to estimate the number of people in the world who have acquired an adequate working knowledge of English in addition to their own languages.The purposes for which English is learned and the situations in which such learning takes place are so varied that it is difficult to define and still more difficult to assess what constitutes an adequate working knowledge for each situation.The main reason for the widespread demand for English is its presentday importance as a world language.Besides serving the infinite needs of its native speakers, English is a language in which some of the most important works in science, technology, and other fields are being produced and not always by native speakers.It is widely used for such purposes as meteorological and airport communications, international conferences, and the dissemination of information over the radio and television networks of many nations.It is a language of wider communication for a number of developing countries, especially former British colonies.Many of these countries have multilingual populations and, need a language for internal communication in such matters as government, commerce industry, law and education as well as for international communication and for access to the scientific and technological developments in the West.56.What would be an appropriate title for this selection? A.The Difficulties of Learning English B.Internal Communications C.The Standard Varieties of English D.English as a World Language 57.Which of the following statements is NOT true? A.Some 260 million people in the world have an adequate working knowledge of English.B.There are some 260 million nativespeakers of English in the world.C.It is almost impossible to estimate the number of people with an adequate working knowledge of English.D.People learn English for a variety of reasons.58.According to this article, what is one main reason for the widespread use of English? A.It was popular during Shakespeare’s time.B.It is used in former British colonies.C.It serves the needs of its native speakers.D.It is a world language that is used for international communication.59.What constitutes an adequate working knowledge of English? A.The ability to read a newspaper.B.It is difficult to assess because it differs for each situation.C.Being multilingual.D.Being a native speaker.60.What type of developing countries would be most likely to use English? A.Those geographically close to the United States.B.Those interested in the culture of the United States.C.Former colonies of Great Britain.D.Countries where international conferences are held.Task 4 Directions: After reading it , you should answer each of the 5 questions(No.61 to No.65)within 3 words.The answer should be written after the corresponding numbers on the Answer Sheet.Many people in the United States are concerned about the foods they eat every day.They now know that what they eat affects their health, but they also wonder about some studies that show that people in France have 40% less heart disease than Americans.A recent study, however, shows that the food French people eat now does not help them live longer.Researchers say the reason for their longer life is because of the food they ate in the past.Books and movies about the French people show them eating fatty foods and drinking a lot of wine, but in years past the French rarely ate red meat.Even when they have money to buy meat they used only a small amount to add the taste to soups and other food.Today however the French eat much of the same foods Americans eat.A doctor of New York University says the French continue to live longer because of what they have not been eating.She says their high fat foods are too new to have an effect on their death rate.In 1961 21% of the calories in the food French people ate came from fats.In 1988 39% of the calories came from fats.Americans however were getting 39% of their calories from fats in 1923.So for many years Americans have eaten higher amounts of fats which are known to cause heart disease.In the past some French experts claimed their good health and long life were caused by the red wine they drank.They said the wine helped them to have the second lowest rate of heart disease among people in industrial countries.Doctors say a small amount of alcohol each day can help protect against heart disease, but they do not propose that people begin drinking alcohol for this reason.Question: 61.What is the topic of the passage? _______________ 62.From the passage we know that the Americans have ________ more heart disease than the French.63.What is the known cause of heart disease according to the passage? _______________ 64.Some French experts tended to believe that their good health and long life were due to _______________.65.In the past the French people bought meat mainly for the purpose of ________.Part Ⅳ.Translation(35 points)Section A Directions： Translate the following sentences from English into Chinese(4 points each for No.66 through No.68;6 points for No.69;18 points in all.)66.The rocket has enabled man to achieve the ageold dream of travel to the moon.67.Where there is no product yet meeting a need, the opportunities are unlimited.68.By no means all of the known mineral reserves of the Third World have been exploited.69.China is one of the earliest cradles of civilization and the visit to this ancient civilization has long been my dream.Section B Directions： Translate the following sentences from Chinese into English(4 points each for No.70 through No.72;5 points for No.73;17 points in all.)70.全世界大约有三分之一的科学论文是美国人写的。71.当孩子经常逃学、撒谎时，父母常常十分恼火。72.爱丽斯无礼地把我轰出了门。
73.不要将此设备安装在阳光直接照射的地方。Part Ⅴ.Writing(20 points)Directions： Write on ONE of the following two topics.You are supposed to follow the instructions given below.1.You’re required to write a composition entitled“How to Succeed in a Job Interview?”on the outline given below in Chinese.(1)面试在求职过程中的作用。
(2)取得面试成功的因素：仪表、举止谈吐、能力、专业知识、自信、实事求是„„ 2.Directions: This part is to test your ability to do practical writing.You are required to write an application letter according to the instructions given in Chinese below.Remember to write the notice on the Translation/ Composition Sheet.说明：请按照下列提示，以刘军的名义写一封求职信。刘军，男，24岁，毕业于北京大学，主修国际贸易。在校期间通过了英语六级考试。另外，业余时间积极参与各项社会活动，拓展了处理复杂事务的能力。请为他拟订一份给ABC公司的求职信，以获得该公司销售经理一职。写信日期为2007年12月25日。信息获取途径是当日的《中国日报》。
考前密押试卷
（一）参考答案
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary and Structure 1.D 2.D 3.B 4.D 5.A 6.A 7.B 8.C 9.D 10.B 11.B 12.C 13.D 14.C 15.C 16.C 17.A 18.D 19.A 20.D 21.D 22.B 23.A 24.D 25.D 26.D 27.A 28.D 29.B 30.A Part ⅡCloze Test 31.A 32.D 33.A 34.A 35.D 36.C 37.A 38.D 39.D 40.C 41.D 42.B 43.C 44.A 45.D Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension Section A 46.C 47.A 48.A 49.D 50.A 51.B 52.A 53.D 54.B 55.C 56.A 57.B 58.B 59.C 60.D Section B 61.Mathematical exactness.62.The importance of mathematical exactness.63.measurement 64.To measure motion.65.Geometry, trigonometry and the decimal system of the Arabs.Part Ⅳ Translation Section A 66.没有人教过他怎样很好地进行舞台表演。67.在19世纪下半叶出现了很多重大发明。68.我见到他时才感到高兴。
69.这份报告比较了目前在市面出售的各种不同型号的家用电脑。Section B 70.No matter how busy the professor is, he often takes time to give talks on popular science.71.This is exactly what I mean: never desert a friend in his hour of need.72.He bore the pain as long as he could.
73.Though even these buildings are occasionally threatened, their reputation does protect them to some extent.
Part Ⅴ Writing 1.City Problems Nowadays, millions of migrant workers flock into cities in search of jobs and better living.However, with the sharp rise in the urban population, many problems arise in the development of cities.Firstly, cities become more and more crowded, putting much pressure upon transportation, housing, education, employment and so on.City services and facilities have been strained to a breaking point.Secondly, a growing number of private cars emit huge amount of carbon dioxide, leaving the air mercilessly polluted.What is more, the city is also threatened by rising crime.Not a single day passes without the report of someone being robbed, kidnapped or murdered.Last but not least, citydwellers are not only separated from the natural world but also isolated from each other, even not knowing the name of their nextdoor neighbor.All these problems have harmed the attractiveness of the city.Unless there is some improvement, more and more people may seek to live in the suburbs.2.NOTICE
June 10，2007 Lecture on Global Economic Development and the Future of Chinese Light Industry after China’s Entering WTO.Speaker：Professor John Smith Time：7 P.M.next Friday Place：Lecture Hall Every night between 7 o’clock and 9 o’clock，you can get the tickets in Room 601，Building No.5.Li Ming is in charge of this.Students’Union
考前密押试卷(二)参考答案
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary and Structure 1.C 2.D 3.C 4.D 5.A 6.C 7.A 8.C 9.B 10.C 11.C 12.A 13.D 14.B 15.D 16.B 17.D 18.C 19.A 20.C 21.B 22.B 23.B 24.D 25.C 26.B 27.B 28.A 29.D 30.C Part Ⅱ Cloze Test 31.B 32.B 33.D 34.B 35.A 36.D 37.C 38.A 39.C 40.B 41.C 42.A 43.A 44.D 45.A Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension Section A 46.D 47.A 48.C 49.D 50.A 51.D 52.A 53.C 54.C 55.A 56.A 57.C 58.C 59.B 60.A Section B 61.The changes of women’s lives.62.Household appliances and convenience foods.63.caring for children 64.They have fewer children and stay at work after marriage.65.A new relationship in marriage.Part Ⅳ Translation Section A 66.由于人们对便捷的电话交际需求量增加，手机便应运而生。67.只有解决了人才和资金问题，讨论这项工程才有意义。68.科学家热衷于与从事类似课题研究的其他科学家交流。69.妇女正追求属于自己的平等，而不是组织机构给予的平等。Section B 70.He rose early this morning so as not to(in order that he would not)be late for the conference.71.The test was much more difficult than we had expected.72.People prefer talking about football or weather rather than life insurance.73.A person having appreciation of art and literature is qualified for the job.Part Ⅴ Writing 1.Fast Food Fast food is becoming more and more popular in China, especially among children and teenagers.Today, nothing is more representative of the fast pace of modern society than fast food.There are several reasons for its popularity.First, it is quick and convenient.Go into a fast food restaurant, and your food will be ready in a minute.You can satisfy your hunger instantly.Precious time won’t be wasted in waitinginline to order or waiting at your table for your food to arrive.Second, its popularity is also attributed to the clean food, the excellent service and the comfortable environment of the fast food restaurant.However, I think that fast food isn’t healthy enough because it does not compose a balanced diet and is low in nutrition.Doctors suggest that people should avoid eating too much fast food.Although home cooking is timeconsuming, it offers healthy and delicious meals your body likes and needs.Fast food is only a good choice when you are in a hurry and we should turn to it only once in a while.2.Dear Sir or Madam, I would like to apply for the post of private secretary in your company advertised in yesterday’s newspaper.I’m very interested in the job.I have been trained in secretarial work and been a secretary.As to my technical abilities, I can take dictation 150wpm, and translate 100wpm.Furthermore, I can efficiently operate all kinds of office machines.The enclosed resumé describes my education and work experience.If you are interested in my application, please give me an opportunity of a personal interview.Looking forward to your early reply.Respectfully yours，Signature
考前密押试卷(三)参考答案
Part Ⅰ Vocabulary and Structure 1.A 2.D 3.C 4.D 5.C 6.A 7.B 8.A 9.B 10.D 11.A 12.C 13.B 14.A 15.B 16.C 17.D 18.D 19.B 20.B 21.B 22.A 23.C 24.C 25.D 26.B 27.D 28.B 29.C 30.D Part Ⅱ Cloze Test 31.C 32.A 33.A 34.D 35.C 36.D 37.C 38.A 39.D 40.D 41.B 42.C 43.A 44.D 45.B Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension Section A 46.A 47.C 48.A 49.A 50.B 51.C 52.D 53.B 54.D 55.A 56.A 57.D 58.D 59.B 60.C Section B 61.The relation between food and disease.62.40% 63.Eating higher amounts of fats.64.the red wine they drank 65.adding the taste to soups and other food Part Ⅳ Translation Section A 66.火箭使人类圆了世世代代以来想到月球上旅行的梦。
67.在还没有新产品来满足需求搭配之前，那个地方机会是没有被限定的。 68.第三世界中已探明的矿藏并没有全部得以开发。
69.中国是最古老的文明摇篮之一，访问这个文明古国是我梦寐以求的愿望。 Section B 70.About one third of the world’s scientific papers are produced by the United States.
71.Parents are often annoyed when their children keep staying away from school and lying.
72.Alice rudely showed me the door.
73.Do not install the equipment in a location which is exposed to direct rays of the sun.
综合课程考试大纲
一、考试内容
综合课程考试内容包括政治理论课、大学语文、计算机基础三门课程。综合课程总分为150分，每门课程50分，即各占三分之一。
（一）大学语文考试内容（50分）
1、文学、文体常识
文学常识：中外著名作家的姓名（字号）、生活年代、生平事迹、代表作品、创作特征，及其在文学史上的地位和影响；名篇的作者、创作背景、思想内容、艺术成就，以及篇中的名言警句；著名作品集的成书年代、主要内容与艺术成就；中国文学史上重要流派的主要成员、创作特征、艺术成就与影响。
文体常识：诗、词、赋、戏曲、小说，记叙文、议论文、说明文，及其它应用类文体的概念与主要特征。
2、语言文字运用
识记常用汉字的读音，正确书写现代常用规范汉字，识别并正确运用常见的修辞手法（如比喻、拟人、夸张、借代、排比、对偶、反复、设问、反问、通感等）。
3、文言文阅读理解
侧重考查考生对常见的文言实词、虚词，特殊句式，以及句意的理解与掌握情况。
文言实词：把握常见的文言实词在具体语境中的含义，特别是古今意 1
义的不同、词类的活用（如名词、动词、形容词等的活用）。
文言虚词：把握常见的文言虚词，如“之、其、而、以、于、乎、者、乃、则、为、所、易、则、何、诸、焉”等，在具体语境中的意义和用法。文言句式：辨识文言特殊句式，如判断句、被动句、倒装句（主谓倒装、宾语前置、定语后置）、省略句。
句意：理解并翻译文中的句子。侧重考查对句意的理解和表述，具有综合性特点。以直译为主，意译为辅。
【附】古代文学作品篇目：
《国语·召公谏厉王弭谤》、《论语·季氏将伐颛臾》、庄子《逍遥游》、《左传·晋公子重耳之亡》、《战国策·唐且不辱使命》、屈原《渔父》、司马迁《史记·廉颇蔺相如列传》、司马迁《魏其武安侯列传》、王粲《登楼赋》、李密《陈情表》、江淹《别赋》、骆宾王《代李敬业传檄天下文》、韩愈《答李翊书》、韩愈《张中丞传后叙》、柳宗元《种树郭橐驼传》、柳宗元《始得西山宴游记》、欧阳修《朋党论》、欧阳修《醉翁亭记》、王安石《答司马谏议书》、王安石《游褒禅山记》、苏轼《前赤壁赋》、归有光《项脊轩志》、宗臣《报刘一丈书》、张岱《西湖七月半》、蒲松龄《聊斋志异·婴宁》、曹雪芹《红楼梦·宝玉挨打》、方苞《狱中杂记》、梁启超《论毅力》，《诗经·蒹葭》、《楚辞·湘夫人》、《陌上桑》（汉乐府）、《孔雀东南飞》（汉乐府）、曹操《短歌行》其一（“对酒当歌”）、陶渊明《归园田居》其一（“少无适俗韵”）、陈子昂《登幽州台歌》、张若虚《春江花月夜》、王昌龄《出塞》其一（“秦时明月汉时关”）、王维《山居秋暝》、李白《行路难》其一（“金樽清酒斗十千”）、岑参《白雪歌送武判官归京》、杜甫《蜀相》、李商
隐《锦瑟》、孟郊《游子吟》、杜牧《江南春》、李煜《虞美人》（“春花秋月何时了”）、柳永《八声甘州》（“对潇潇暮雨洒江天”）、苏轼《水调歌头》（“明月几时有”）、姜夔《扬州慢》（“淮左名都”）、秦观《鹊桥仙》（“纤云弄巧”）、李清照《声声慢》（“寻寻觅觅”）、辛弃疾《水龙吟·登建康赏心亭》、陆游《书愤》、马致远《天净沙·秋思》、王实甫《西厢记·长亭送别》。
4、现代文阅读理解
考查范围：议论文、说明文、记叙文及其它文学类文本。文本材料不限于教材和所附篇目。
考查内容：把握文本材料所属文体类别，归纳内容要点并概括主旨，把握结构特点和行文思路，分析主要写作特色，识别所用常见的修辞手法并分析其在语境中的作用，理解、把握关键性词、句的含义和在结构、表达上的作用。
【附】中国现当代文学与外国文学作品篇目：
朱自清《桨声灯影里的秦淮河》、郁达夫《故都的秋》、梁实秋《谈时间》、鲁迅《伤逝》、朱光潜《选择与安排》、余光中《听听那冷雨》、余秋雨《道士塔》、徐志摩《我所知道的康桥》、培根《论学问》、梭罗《湖光水色》、爱因斯坦《我的信仰》、R．卡逊《大自然在反抗》、东山魁夷《听泉》、霍金《我们的宇宙图像》。
5、应用文写作
考查考生对常用应用文体的写作能力。包括：求职信、演讲稿、活动海报、计划、总结、会议通知、会议记录等。
（二）政治理论课考试内容（50分）
1、《毛泽东思想和中国特色社会主义理论体系概论》
（1）中国特色社会主义理论体系是马克思主义中国化的最新理论成果；
（2）解放思想，实事求是，与时俱进；
（3）社会主义初级阶段和党的基本路线、基本纲领；
（4）中国特色社会主义经济；
（5）中国特色社会主义政治；
（6）中国特色社会主义文化；
（7）“一国两制”和实现祖国的完全统一；
（8）中国特色社会主义事业的领导核心。
2、《思想道德修养与法律基础》
（1）树立科学的理想信念；
（2）新时期的爱国主义；
（3）弘扬社会主义道德；
（4）我国社会主义法律的内涵和运行；
（5）我国宪法的基本精神和主要内容；
（6）民法的基本原则、民事主体、民事法律行为、民事权利和民事责任；
（7）刑法的基本原则、刑罚和犯罪；
（8）诉讼法的概念、种类和原则。
（三）计算机基础课程考试内容（50分）
1、计算机基础知识
计算机系统的组成：硬件系统、软件系统和计算机工作原理。
2、操作系统
（1）Windows 文件及文件管理、磁盘管理；（2）Windows 环境设置、系统管理。
3、Word 文字处理软件
（1）文字处理的基本概念：文字处理基本功能和文字处理基本方法；（2）文档的基本操作；（3）表格操作；（4）版面设计与页面设置。
4、Excel电子表格
（1）电子表格基本概念；（2）工作表的使用；（3）公式与函数；（4）数据排序；（5）图表的使用。
5、多媒体技术
（1）多媒体硬件组成；（2）多媒体关键技术。
6、网络基础及Internet
（1）网络的基本知识；IE的使用；电子邮件的使用（2）网络协议的基本概念。
7、信息安全
（1）网络安全；常用软件；（3）计算机病毒基本知识：计算机病毒的分类、症状和计算机病毒的危害与防治。
二、考试形式和时间
高等数学
（二）本大纲适用于经济学、管理学以及职业教育类、生物科学类、地理科学类、环境科学类、心理学类、药学类（除中药学类外）六个一级学科的考生。
总要求
本大纲内容包括“高等数学”及“概率论初步”两部分，考生应按本大纲的要求了解或理解“高等数学”中极限和连续、一元函数微分学、一元函数积分学和多元函数微分学的基本概念与基本理论；了解或理解“概率论”中古典概型、离散型随机变量及其数字特征的基本概念与基本国际要闻 学会、掌握或熟练掌握上述各部分的基本方法，应注意各部分知识的结构及知识的内在联系；应具有一定的抽象思维能力、逻辑推理能力、运算能力；能运用基本概念、基本理论和基本方法正确地判断和证明，准确地计算；能综合运用所学知识分析并解决简单的实际问题。
本大纲对内容的要求由低到高，对概念和理论分为“了解”和“理解”两个层次；对方法和运算分为“会”、“掌握”和“熟练”三个层次。
复习考试内容
一、极限和连续
（1）极限
1．知识范围
（1）数列极限的概念和性质
数列数列极限的定义
唯一性有界性四则运算法则夹逼定理单调有界数列极限存在定理
（2）函数极限的概念和性质
函数在一点处极限的定义左、右极限及其与极限的关系χ趋于无穷（χ→∞，χ→+∞，χ→-∞）时函数的极限函数极限的几何意义
唯一性四则运算法则夹逼定理
（3）无穷小量与无穷大量
无穷小量与无穷大量的定义无穷小量与无穷大量的关系无穷小量的性质无穷小量的比较
（4）两个重要极限
limsinx
xx011lim1e xxx
2．要求
（1）了解极限的概念（对极限定义中“ε—N”、“ε—δ”、“ε—M”的描述不作要求）。掌握函数在一点处的左极限与右极限以及函数在一点处极限存在的充分必要条件。
（2）了解极限的有关性质，掌握极限的四则运算法则。
（3）理解无穷小量、无穷大量的概念，掌握无穷小量的性质、无穷小量与无穷大量的关系，会进行无穷
小量阶的比较（高阶、低阶、同阶和等价）。会运用等价无穷小量代换求极限。（4）熟练掌握用两个重要极限求极限的方法。
（二）连续
1．知识范围
（1）函数连续的概念
函数在一点处连续的定义左连续和右连续函数在一点处连续的充分必要条件函数的间断点
（2）函数在一点处连续的性质
连续函数的四则运算复合函数的连续性
（3）闭区间上连续函数的性质
有界性定理最大值与最小值定理介值定理（包括零点定理）
（4）初等函数的连续性
2．要求
（1）理解函数在一点处连续与间断的概念，理解函数在一点处连续与极限存在之间的关系，掌握函数（含分段函数）在一点处的连续性的判断方法。
（2）会求函数的间断点。
（3）掌握在闭区间上连续函数的性质，会用它们证明一些简单命题。
（4）理解初等函数在其定义区间上的连续性，会利用函数的连续性求极限。
二、一元函数微分学
（一）导数与微分
（1）导数概念
导数的定义左导数与右导数函数在一点处可导的充分必要条件导数的几何意义可导与连续的关系
（2）导数的四则运算法则与导数的基本公式
（3）求导方法
复合函数的求导法隐函数的求导法对数求导法
（4）高阶导数
高阶导数的定义高阶导数的计算
（5）微分
微分的定义微分与导数的关系微分法则一阶微分形式不变性
2．要求
（1）理解导数的概念及其几何意义，了解可导性与连续性的关系，会用定义求函数在一点处的导数。
（2）会求曲线上一点处的切线方程与法线方程。
（3）熟练掌握导数的基本公式、四则运算法则以及复合函数的求导方法。
（4）掌握隐函数的求导法与对数求导法。会求分段函数的导数。
（5）了解高阶导数的概念，会求简单函数的高阶导数。
（6）理解微分的概念，掌握微分法则，了解可微与可导的关系，会求函数的一阶微分。
（二）导数的应用
1．知识范围
（1）洛必达（L′Hospital）法则
（2）函数增减性的判定法
（3）函数极值与极值点最大值与最小值
（4）曲线的凹凸性、拐点
（5）曲线的水平渐近线与铅直渐近线
2．要求
（1）熟练掌握用洛必达法则求“0
0”“
”“0·∞”“∞—∞”型未定式的极限的方法。
（2）掌握利用导数判定函数的单调性及求函数的单调增、减区间的方法，会利用函数的增减性证明简单的不等式。
（3）理解函数极值的概念，掌握求函数的驻点、极值点、极值、最大值与最小值的方法，会求解简单的应用问题。
（4）会判定曲线凹凸性，会求曲线的拐点。
（5）会求曲线的水平渐近线与铅直渐近线。
三、一元函数积分学
（一）不定积分
1．知识范围
（1）不定积分
原函数与不定积分的定义不定积分的性质
（2）基本积分公式
（3）换元积分法
第一换元法（凑微分法）第二换元法
（4）分部积分法
（5）一些简单有理函数的积分
2．要求
（1）理解原函数与不定积分的概念及其关系，掌握不定积分的性质。
（2）熟练掌握不定积分的基本公式。
（3）熟练掌握不定积分第一换元法，掌握第二换元法（仅限形如
2222。axdx、axdx的三角代换与简单的根式代换）
（4）熟练掌握不定积分的分部积分法
（5）掌握简单有理函数不定积分的计算。
（二）定积分
1．知识范围
（1）定积分的概念
定积分的定义及其几何意义可积条件
（2）定积分的性质
（3）定积分的计算
变上限的定积分牛顿—莱布尼茨（Newton—Leibniz）公式换元积分法分部积分法
（4）无穷区间的广义积分
收敛发散计算方法
（5）定积分的应用
平面图形的面积旋转体的体积
2．要求
（1）理解定积分的概念与几何意义，了解可积的条件。
（2）掌握定积分的基本性质
（3）理解变上限的定积分是上限的函数，掌握对变上限定积分求导数的方法。
（4）熟练掌握牛顿—莱布尼茨公式
（5）掌握定积分的换元积分法与分部积分法。
（6）理解无穷区间广义积分的概念，掌握其计算方法。
（7）掌握直角坐标系下用定积分计算平面图形的面积以及平面图形绕坐标轴旋转所生成旋转体体积。
四、多元函数微分学
1．知识范围
（1）多元函数
多元函数的定义二元函数的定义域二元函数的几何意义
（2）二元函数的极限与连续的概念
（3）偏导数与全微分
一阶偏导数二阶偏导数全微分
（4）复合函数的偏导数隐函数的偏导数
（5）二元函数的无条件极值和条件极值
2．要求
（1）了解多元函数的概念，会求二元函数的定义域。了解二元函数的几何意义。
（2）了解二元函数的极限与连续的概念。
（3）理解二元函数一阶偏导数和全微分的概念，掌握二元函数的一阶偏导数的求法。掌握二元函数的二阶偏导数的求法，掌握二元函数全微分的求法。
（4）掌握复合函数与隐函数的一阶偏导数的求法。
（5）会求二元函数的无条件极值和条件极值。
（6）会用二元函数的无条件极值及条件极值求解简单的实际问题。
五、概率论初步
1．知识范围
（1）事件及其概率
随机事件事件的关系及其运算概率的古典型定义概率的性质条件概率事件的独立性
（2）随机变量及其概率分布
随机变量的概念随机变量的分布函数离散型随机变量及其概率分布
（3）随机变量的数字特征
离散型随机变量的数学期望方差标准差
2．要求
（1）了解随机现象、随机试验的基本特点；理解基本事件、样本空间、随机事件的概念。
（2）掌握事件之间的关系：包含关系、相等关系、互不相容（或互斥）关系及对立关系。
（3）理解事件之间并（和）、交（积）、差运算的定义，掌握其运算规律。
（4）理解概率的古典型定义；掌握事件概率的基本性质及事件概率的计算。
（5）会求事件的条件概念；掌握概率的乘法公式及事件的独立性。
（6）了解随机变量的概念及其分布函数。
（7）理解离散型随机变量的定义及其概率分布，掌握概率分布的计算方法。
（8）会求离散型随机变量的数学期望、方差和标准差。
考试形式及试卷结构
试卷总分：150分
考试时间：150分钟
考试方法：闭卷，笔试
试卷内容比例：
极限和连续约15%
一元函数微分学约30%
一元函数积分学约32%
多元函数微分学约15%
概率论初步约8%
试卷题型比例：
选择题约27%
填空题约27%
解答题约46%
试题难易比例：
容易题约30%
中等难度题约50%
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