初一上册英语语法知识小结（精选9篇）
(1)按使用目的可分为陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句。
1)陈述句(Declarative Sentences)：说明一个事实或陈述看法。
She is at home. 她在家。
He speaks English. 他讲英语。
2)疑问句(Interrogative Sentences)：提出问题。有以下四种：
a. 一般疑问句(General Questions)：
Is this your pencil? 这是你的铅笔吗?
b. 特殊疑问句(W Questions; H Questions)：
Where do you live? 你住哪儿?
How do you know that? 你怎么知道那件事?
c. 选择疑问句(Alternative Questions)：
Do you like tea or juice?
你是要茶还是果汁?
d. 反意疑问句(Tag-Questions)：
He knows her, doesn’t he?
他认识她，对不对?
3)祈使句(Imperative Sentences)：提出请求，建议或发出命令，例如：
Sit down, please. 请坐。
Let’s go home! 让我们回家吧!
4)感叹句(Exclamatory Sentences)：表示说话人惊奇、喜悦、愤怒等情绪，例如：
现在完成时是由“助动词have/has+动词过去分词”构成的。
①助动词have/has可以与主语缩写为’ve/’s。
e.g. I have → I’ve We have → We’ve He has → He’s It has → It’s
②规则变化的过去分词与动词过去式一样。
③不规则变化的动词过去分词见表。
2现在完成时的基本句型。
①陈述句肯定形式。
e.g. I have had lunch. 我已经吃过午饭了。
He has gone to Beijing. 他去北京了。
②陈述句否定形式。(在助动词have/has后+not，可缩写为haven’t/hasn’t)
e.g. I haven’t had lunch. 我还未吃午饭。
He hasn’t gone to Beijing. 他还没有去北京。
③一般疑问句形式及其答语。(将助动词have/has提前，答语一般用have, has回答)
e.g. Have you had lunch? 你吃过午饭了没? Yes, I have. No, I haven’t.
Has he gone to Beijing? 他去过北京了没有? Yes, he has. No, he hasn’t.
否定回答还可以用：No, not yet. / No, never. / No, not even once等。
④特殊疑问句形式。(疑问词+一般疑问句)
e.g. Where has he gone? 他去了哪里?
3现在完成时的三个基本用法。
(1) 现在完成时的第一个基本用法表示过去发生或已完成的某一个动作对现在造成的影响或结果。
e.g. Have you had lunch? Yes, I have. I’ve just had it. 你吃过午饭没?有，吃过了，我刚刚吃的。(影响及结果：我现在饱了，不需要了)
He has gone to Beijing. 他已经去北京了。(影响及结果：他人现在不在这里了)
该用法常already(已经), never(从不), ever(曾经), yet(仍然), just(刚刚), before(以前)等副词(作状语)连用。
①already, just, ever, never常用于助动词之后，实义动词之前。 already, just多用于肯定陈述句。
e.g. She has already finished her work. 她早已干完了活。
Would you like to go to see the film? No, I’ve seen it already.不，我已经看过了。(already偶尔会出现于句末)
They have just won a game. 他们刚刚赢了一场比赛。
有时already可以用于疑问句，表示期待肯定回答，或表示惊讶、意外。
e.g. Have you finished reading the book already? 你真的已经读完这本书了?(表示惊讶)
ever多用于疑问句，问初次经历。
e.g. Have you ever spoken to a foreigner? 你跟外国人讲过话吗?(问初次经历)
never多用于否定陈述句(注：本身表示否定意义)
e.g. He has never done such a thing, has he? 他从来没有做过这样的事，不是吗?(否定)
②yet一般用于疑问句(已经)或否定句(还)，常位于句末。
e.g. Have you got ready yet? 你已经准备好了吗? He hasn’t finished his homework yet. 他还没完成作业。
③before一般位于句末。
e.g. I have never seen the film before. 以前我从未看过那部电影。 现在完成时的第一种用法常与以上的副词连用，因此这些词有时可以作为现在完成时的标志词。
(2) 现在完成时的第二个基本用法表示过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态。该用法常和表示过去某一时刻延续到现在的一段时间的状语连用。
①与for +一段时间连用，表示多久。
e.g. He has learned English for two years. 他已经学习两年英语了。
I have been here for three days. 我在这里已经3天了。
②与since +时间(起点)连用，表示自…以来。
e.g. His father has worked in that factory since 1991. 他爸爸自1991年以来都在这家工厂工作。
I’ve had a cold since last Friday. 自上星期五起我就感冒了。
③与since +一段时间+ ago连用，表示自…以前就…。
e.g. Jim has waited there since half an hour ago. 吉姆自半个小时前就已经在那里等候了。
He has stayed here since three weeks ago. 他在这儿已呆了三个星期。
④与since +从句(从句用一般过去时)连用，表示自某事发生后就一直…。
e.g.The Greens have lived in Beijng since they came to China. 格林一家自从来到中国后就一直住在北京。
I’ve known her since I came to work here. 自从我来这里工作就认识他了。
(3) 现在完成时的第三个基本用法表示到现在为止这一时期中多次动作的总和或所做过的工作的量的积累。
e.g. I have been to Beijing twice. 我去过北京两次。
We’ve learnt five English songs this year. 今年我们学了五首英语歌曲。
How many pages of the book have you read? 这本书你读了多少页了?
4延续性与非延续性动词在现在完成时态中的使用。
(1)有一些动词是瞬间动词，也叫非延续性动词，这些动词一发生就结束了，常见的有：come, go, arrive, reach, leave, begin, start, buy, join, die, borrow, get up, become, open, stop等。这些动词虽然可以用于现在完成时(说明某个动作的结果还存在)，但由于它们不能延续，因此不能跟表示一段的时间状语连用。(也即现在完成时的第二个基本用法中不能使用非延续性动词)。
e.g. Jim has come back. (正) 吉姆已经回来了。
Jim has come back for a month. (误) come back的动作不能延续一个月，因此错误。
(2)瞬间动词不可以用于有段时间的现在完成时态中，因此，若要解决这一问题，就应把它改为相应的延续性动词或短语，主要有以下几种：
①用相应的延续性动词
如：buy → have borrow → keep come/go/become → be put on → wear catch a cold → have a cold ②转换成be+名词
如：join → be a member of go to school → be a student ③转换成be+形容词或副词
如：die → be dead leave → be away begin → be on finish → be over fall asleep — be asleep open → be open get up → be up close → closed ④转换成be+介词短语
如：come to/go to/arrive in (at)/get to/reach …→ be in/at… join the army → be in the army(军队)
e.g. I have borrowed the book. 我已经借了那本书。
I have kept the book for two days. 我已经借那本书两天了。
Jim has joined the band. 吉姆已经加入那乐队了。
Jim has been a member of the band for a month. 吉姆已经加入那个乐队一个月了。
His grandfather has died. 他祖父已经死了。
His grandfather has been dead for 2 years. 他祖父已经死了两年了。
My father has arrived in China. 我父亲已经到达中国了。
My father has been in China for a week. 我父亲已经在中国一个星期了。
(3)在否定句中，非延续性动词也可以与时间段连用。
e.g. I haven’t borrowed books from the library since last year. 自去年以来我就没有在图书馆借过书。
Jim hasn’t come back for a year. 吉姆已有一年没回来了。
5现在完成时的几种常见的句型转换。
现在完成时可以转化成一般过去时，还可以转化成“It is/has been +时间段+since从句(用一般过去时)”等句型。
e.g. Jim has been back for a month. 吉姆已经回来一个月了。 = Jim came back a month ago. 吉姆一个月前就回来了
= It is/has been a month since Jim came back. 自吉姆回来已经有一个月了。 = A month has passed since Jim came back. I have kept the book for two days. = I borrowed the book two days ago.
= It is / has been two days since I borrowed the book. = Two days has passed since I borrowed the book.
6现在完成时和一般过去时的区别：
现在完成时强调的是过去的动作对现在的影响，它和现在有密切的联系。现在完成时经常会出现下列的标志词。
口诀：单数句子变，变化规则要记住。名词代词要变化，am， is要变are。
this， that变成啥，these， those来替它。he， she， it要变啥，全部变they不用怕。
I要变we莫落下，名词后面把s/es加。名前冠词去掉它，其余成分原样加。
具体注意下面的六要素：
1.单数主格人称代词要变成相应的复数主格人称代词，即I→we; you→you; she， he， it→they。如： She is a girl.→They are girls.
2. am， is要变为are。如： I‘m a student. →We are students.
3.不定冠词a， an要去掉。如： He is a boy. →They are boys.
4.普通单数名词要变为复数形式。如： It is a cat. →They are cats.
5.指示代词this， that要变为these， those。如： This is a book.→These are books.
6. man， woman作定语修饰可数名词时，要在 ”数”上与被修饰名词保持一致。但其他名词修饰名词表示 ”性质”时，不作变化。如：
He is a man doctor.→They are men doctors.
1. Sit down
2. on duty
3. in English
4. have a seat
5. at home
6. look like
7. look at
8. have a look
9. come on
10. at work
11. at school
12. put on
13. look after
14. get up
15. go shopping
II. 初一英语上册重要句型
1. help sb. do sth.
2. What about…?
3. Let’s do sth.
4. It’s time to do sth.
5. It’s time for …
6. What’s…? It is…/ It’s…
7. Where is…? It’s….
8. How old are you? I’m….
9. What class are you in? I’m in….
10. Welcome to….
11. What’s …plus…? It’s….
12. I think…
13. Who’s this? This is….
14. What can you see? I can see….
15. There is (are) ….
16. What colour is it (are they)? It’s(They’re)…
17. Whose …is this? It’s….
18. What time is it? It’s….
III. 初一英语上册交际用语
1. Good morning, Miss/Mr….
2. Hello! Hi!
3. Nice to meet you. Nice to meet you, too.
4. How are you? I’m fine, thank you/thanks.And you?
5. See you. See you later.
6. Thank you! You’re welcome.
7. Goodbye! Bye!
8. What’s your name? My name is ….
9. Here you are. This way, please.
10. Who’s on duty today?
11. Let’s do.
12. Let me see.
IV. 初一英语上册重要语法
1. 动词be的用法;
2. 人称代词和物主代词的用法;
3. 名词的单复数和所有格的用法;
4. 冠词的基本用法;
1.Good morning/ afternoon/evening/night!
2---How are you?------I’m fine/OK.Thank you/Thanks.And you?-----I’m fine, too.3---How is she /he/ Mary?------She/He is fine.4----What’s this in English?
-----It’s an eraser/an egg / an apple / an orange / an eraser / an answer / an ID card / an alarm clock / an old man / an interesting book / an exciting sport / an action movie(用 It is +a/an+名词，而不是this/that)
5.Spell it, please./ Can you spell it./ How do you spell it?6.----What’s this/that?-----It’s a/an...7.---what color is it?------It’s black/blue/green/dark red/light red/white and black...8.----What’s your name?(=May I Know your name?)------I’m.../My name’s...----What’s his name?------He’s.../His name’s...----What’s her name?------She’s.../Her name’s...9.-----Are you Mary?----Yes, I am./No,I’m not.I’m Gina.-----Is he Jack?---------Yes,he is./No,he isn’t.His name’s Mike.-----Is she Mary?---------Yes,she is./No,she isn’t.Her name’s Gina.10.-----Nice to meet you.-------Nice to meet you, too.11.------How do you do.----------How do you do.12.-------What’you name?-----My name is Jack Smith.Jack is my first name.Smith is my last name/family name.13.My phone number/telephone number is.........14.This:近处，这，这个。That：远处，那，那个。当向别人介绍某人时，用 “ This is...”, 注意，其中的this不能用he/she.介绍放在一起的两样东西时，this 冲在前，that放在后。This is my father,and that is my mother.This is 无缩写，that is可缩写为that’s.15.This is a “u”.That is an “n”/ “m”.a/an 用在可数名词单数前。a用于以辅音音素开头的单词或字母前；an用在以元音音素开头的字母前。a “b”;an “h”
16.The 用于特指某些人或物，谈话双方都知道的人或物，指上文已经提到的人或物.Unit 6
1.pencil box.Excuse me.What about/How about(sth./doing sth)?ask sb.for sth.a set of.....a pair of....2.Thank you/Thanks for(sth /doing sth).Thank you for your help/helping me.3.You’re welcome.=That’s all right=That’s OK= Not at all=It’s my pleasure.4.Never mind= That’s all right=That’s OK.5.主格：I, we, you, he, she, it, they在句子中作主语宾格：me, us, you, him, her, it, them在句子中作宾语
形容词性物主代词：my, our, your, his, her, its,their.修饰名词，作定语。
名词性物主代词： mine, ours, yours, his ,hers, its, theirs.(相当于形容词性物主+名词)6.------Is this /that your pencil?-------Yes,it is.It’s mine./No, it isn’t.It’s hers/his /Mary’s.7.Are these/those your books?---Yes, they are./No, they aren’t.They’re hers//his/ Mary’s.8.单数 this/that 用is或者单三形式复数these/those 用are
9.a compeuter gamein the school library.call /e-mail sb.at 6877767.10.I lost my school ID card.I must find it.Unit7
1.come onthink abouttape playermodel plane.It is tidy.2.Where’s the map?It’s on the sofa.......3.Where are my books? They’re in the bookcase.....(be动词is和单数名词连用，are和复数名词连用。)
4.I’m tidy, but Gina is not.5.The book is under the desk.一般疑问句特殊疑问句 5.some与any的用法
Unit8
1.watch TV/ watch sth.on TV2.play sports3.sports collection.4.soccer ball 5 tennis ballin the same school 2.Let’s go!= Let us go.(let’s do sth.)3.We’re late.(be late)
4.-------Do you have a baseball?--------Yes, I do./No, I don’t.I have a volleyball.(do/don’t: I / You / They /We;does/doesn’t :he /she/ it /Eric/ Mary.)5.I don’t have a soccer ball, but my brother Eric does.6.We play it at school with our friends.7.It’s easy/difficult for me.8.That/It sounds good/nice/interesting/boring/.......Unit9
1.sports star.eating habitsa healthy eating habit 2.What do you like for breakfast/lunch/supper/dinner?(have sth for breakfast)
3.what fruit/color do you want?
4.I don’t want to be fat.(want to do sth.want sth.)5.many=lots of =a lot of+可数名词
much=lots of = a lot of+不可数名词（bread/milk/rice/water/money/fish）
Unit10
1.How much is/ are.....?=what’s the price of.......-----It’s /They’re… 2.How many+可数名词？How much+不可数名词？
3.A pair of shoes/shorts/pants/trousers/socks is...../ Two pairs of shorts are...4.on sale /at a great sale5 sell sth to sb.=sell sb sthbuy sth for sb= buy sb sth 6.bags/shoes for school/sports.For的四种用法。7.at a very good price= at very good prices
2. Lovely weather,isn’t it? 天气真好，是吗?
3. It looks like rain. 看起来要下雨。
4. It’s raining cats and dogs. 正是瓢泼大雨。
5. It seems to be cleaning up. 天似乎要转晴。
6. It’s blowing hard. 风刮得很大。
7. It’s snowing heavily. 正在下大雪。
8. The snow won’t last long. 雪不会持续太久。
9. It’s very foggy. 雾很大。
10. The fog is beginning to lift. 正在收雾。
11. It’s thundering and lightening. 雷电交加。
12. What’s the weather like today? 今天天气怎么样?
13. What’s the weather report for tomorrow? 天气预报明天怎么样?
14. It’s quite different from the weather report. 这和天气预报相差很大。
15. It’s rather changeable. 天气变化无常。
16. What’s the temperature? 温度是多少?
例：Lily has a small nose. = Lily’s nose is small.
2、I know = I see 我明白了
3、That’s right 那是对的/对了
4、look the same look like 看起来相像look different 看起来不同
例： Jim and Lilei look the same.== Jim looks like Lilei. .
5、look at + n看某物 look for +n 寻找某人/某物 look after +n 照顾某人
6、both 两者都…… all 三者或者三者以上都……
Both 和 all位于 be动词或情态动词后，位于行为动词前。
例： We are both students.We both have black eyes. We can both speak English.
7、give sth to sb = give sb sth把某物给某人； (注意：如果sth是it或them，只能用前者)
8、have different looks ==look different有着不同的长相 (看起来不相像)
havethe same look. ==look the same 有着相同的长相 (看起来很相像)
9、over there在那边come in 请进go out 出去
10、in + 颜色 或 in a/an/the +颜色 + 衣服表示穿着……颜色的衣服
常常接在名词的后面，表示穿 ...颜色衣服的…… 如 the girl in red is my sister.
11、too + adj太……
12、pants 和 shoes 做主语,谓语动词用复数；但a pair of pants/ shoes作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式
例： His shoes are black.A pair of shoes is under the bed.
13、in the morning/ afternoom/evening 在早上/下午/晚上at night 在晚上
14、go shopping = go to the shop=goto do some shopping 去购物
类似的有 go swimming go fishing go skating 等等
15、help sb. ( to ) do sth == help sb with sth帮助某人做某事注意：sb 用代词时必须用宾格
16、high school 中学
17、play +球类play the 乐器
18、think of 认为，想 think about 考虑 I think + 从句 我认为……
I think he you are right.否定式常否定主句，但翻译时要否定后面的从句
例：I don’t think he can come. 我认为他不会来了.(不能说：我不认为他会来)
句型：
1、What do/does + 主语 + looklike ? 询问人的长相
例： What does your English teacher look like ?
2、What’s ... -and ... --?……加……是什么？（回答：It’s ... --）
例：What’s red and yellow? It’s orange.
What’s two and five? It’s seven.
3、Whose + 东西 + isthis/ that ?Whose + 东西 +are these/those ? 这/这些是谁的……？
例：Whose coat is this ? It is mine.
Whose shoes are these ? They are hers.
4、Who is the letter from?这封信来自于谁？
It’s from Lily. 它来自于莉莉。
5、What color be + 东西？ (回答：It’s +颜色或者 They’er + 颜色)
在我们身边，经常会看到学生为语法感到头疼的现象，中学阶段的学生经常说语法太难了,语法对于很多初中学生来说简直是一片空白,如果不懂得语法就没办法翻译,更谈不上对篇章的理解了。下面是小编给大家汇总的语法知识点，希望对大家有所帮助。
一、词法
1、名词
A)、名词的数我们知道名词可以分为可数名词和不可数名词，而不可数名词它没有复数形式，但可数名词却有单数和复数之分，复数的构成如下：
一)在后面加s。如：fathers, books, Americans, Germans, apples, bananas
二)x, sh, ch, s, tch后加es。如：boxes, glasses, dresses, watches, wishes, faxes
三)1)以辅音字母加y结尾的变y为i再加es 如：baby-babies, family-families, duty-duties, comedy-comedies, documentary-documentaries, story-stories
2)以元音字母加y结尾的直接加s。如：day-days, boy-boys, toy-toys, key-keys, ways
四)以o结尾加s(外来词)。如：radios, photos, 但如是辅音加o的加es：如: tomatoes西红柿, potatoes马铃薯
五)以f或fe结尾的变f为v再加es(s)。如：knife-knives, wife-wives, half-halves, shelf-shelves, leaf-leaves, yourself-yourselves
六)单复数相同(不变的)有：fish, sheep, deer鹿子, Chinese, Japanese
七)一般只有复数，没有单数的有：people,pants, shorts, shoes, glasses, gloves, clothes, socks
八)单词形式不变，既可以是单数也可以是复数的有：police警察局，警察, class班，同学, family家，家庭成员
九)合成的复数一般只加主要名词，多数为后一个单词。如：action movie-action movies, pen pal-pen pals;但如果是由man或woman所组成的合成词的复数则同时为复数。如：man doctor-men doctors, woman teacher-women teachers
十)有的单复数意思不同。如：fish鱼 fishes鱼的种类, paper纸 papers报纸，卷子，论文, work工作 works作品，工厂, glass玻璃 glasses玻璃杯，眼镜, orange桔子水 oranges橙子, light光线 lights灯, people人 peoples民族, time时间 times时代, 次数, chicken 鸡肉 chickens 小鸡
十一)单个字母的复数可以有两种形式直接加s或’s。如：Is(I’s), Ks(K’s)。但如是缩略词则只加s。如：IDs, VCDs, SARs
十二)特殊形式的有：child-children, man-men, woman-women, foot-feet, mouse-mice, policeman-policemen, Englishman-Englishmen
B)名词的格
当我们要表示某人的什么东西或人时，我们就要使用所有格形式。构成如下：
一)单数在后面加’s。如：brother’s, Mike’s, teacher’s
二)复数以s结尾的直接在s后加’，如果不是以s结尾的与单数一样处理。如：Teachers’ Day教师节, classmates’;Children’s Day六一节, Women’s Day三八节
三)由and并列的名词所有时，如果是共同所有同一人或物时，只加最后一个’s，但分别拥有时却分别按单数形式处理。如：Mike and Ben’s room迈克和本的房间(共住一间)，Mike’s and Ben’s rooms迈克和本的房间(各自的房间)
2、代词
项目 人称代词 物主代词 指示代词 反身代词
人称 主格 宾格 形容词 名词性
第一人称 单数 I me my mine myself
复数 we us our ours ourselves
第二人称 单数 you you your yours yourself
复数 you you your yours yourselves
第三人称 单数 she her her hers herself
he him his his himself it it its its this that itself
复数 they them their theirs these those themselves
3、动词
A)第三人称单数
当动词是第三人称单数时，动词应该像名词的单数变动词那样加s，如下：
一)一般在词后加s。如：comes, spells, waits, talks, sees, dances, trains
二)在x, sh, ch, s, tch后加es。如：watches, washes, wishes, finishes
三)1)以辅音字母加y结尾的变y为i再加es。如：study-studies, hurry-hurries, try-tries
2)以元音字母加y结尾的直接加s。如：plays, says, stays, enjoys, buys
四)以o结尾加es。如：does, goes 五)特殊的有：are-is, have-has
B)现在分词
当我们说某人正在做什么事时，动词要使用分词形式，不能用原形，构成如下：
一)一般在后加ing。如：spell-spelling, sing-singing, see-seeing, train-training, play-playing, hurry-hurrying, watch-watching, go-going, do-doing
二)以不发音e的结尾的去掉e再加ing。如：dance-dancing, wake-waking, take-taking, practice-practicing, write-writing, have-having
三)以重读闭音节结尾且一个元音字母+一个辅音字母(注意除开字母组合如show –showing, draw-drawing)要双写最后的辅音字母再加ing。如：put-putting, run-running, get-getting, let-letting, begin-beginning
四)以ie结尾的变ie为y再加ing。如：tie-tying系 die-dying死 lie-lying 位于
4、形容词的级
我们在对两个或以上的人或物进行对比时，则要使用比较或最高级形式。构成如下：
一)一般在词后加er或est(如果是以e结尾则直接加r或st)。如：greater-greatest, shorter –shortest, taller –tallest, longer –longest, nicer-nicest, larger-largest
二)以重读闭音节结尾且1个元音字母+1个辅音字母(字母组合除外，如few-fewer fewest)结尾的双写结尾的辅音再加er /est。如：big-bigger biggest, red-redder reddest, hot-hotter hottest三)以辅音字母+y结尾的变y为i加er/est。如：happy-happier happiest, sorry-sorrier
sorriest, friendly-friendlier friendliest(more friendly most friendly), busy-busier busiest, easy-easier easiest
四)特殊情况：(两好多坏，一少老远)
good/wellmore most bad/ill – worse worstlittle-less least old-older/elder oldest/eldest far-farther/further farthest/furthest
5、数词(基变序，有规则;一、二、三，自己背;五、八、九、十二;其它后接th;y结尾，变为i, eth跟上去。)first, second, third;fifth, eighth, ninth, twelfth;seventh, tenth, thirteenth, hundredth;twenty-twentieth, forty-fortieth, ninety-ninetieth
二、句式
1.陈述句
肯定陈述
a)This is a book.(be动词)
b)He looks very young.(连系动词)
c)I want a sweat like this.(实义动词)
d)I can bring some things to school.(情态动词)
e)There’s a computer on my desk.(There be结构)
否定陈述句
a)These aren’t their books.b)They don’t look nice.c)Kate doesn’t go to No.4 Middle School.d)Kate can’t find her doll.e)There isn’t a cat here.(=There’s no cat here.)
2.祈使句
肯定祈使句 a)Please go and ask the man.b)Let’s learn English!
c)Come in, please.否定祈使句a)Don’t be late.b)Don’t hurry.3.疑问句
1)一般疑问句 a)Is Jim a student? b)Can I help you? c)Does she like salad? d)Do they watch TV? e)Is she reading?
肯定回答: a)Yes, he is.b)Yes, you can.c)Yes, she does.d)Yes, they do.e)Yes, she is.否定回答: a)No, he isn’t.b)No, you can’t.c)No, she doesn’t.d)No, they don’t.e)No, she isn’t.2)选择疑问句 Is the table big or small? 回答 It’s big./ It’s small.3)特殊疑问句
① 问年龄 How old is Lucy? She is twelve.② 问种类 What kind of movies do you like? I like action movies and comedies.③ 问身体状况 How is your uncle? He is well/fine.④ 问方式 How do/can you spell it? L-double O-K.How do we contact you? My e-mail address is cindyjones@163.com.⑤ 问原因 Why do you want to join the club?
⑥ 问时间 What’s the time?(=What time is it?)It’s a quarter to ten a.m..What time do you usually get up, Rick? At five o’clock.When do you want to go? Let’s go at 7:00.⑦ 问地方 Where’s my backpack? It’s under the table.⑧ 问颜色 What color are they? They are light blue.What’s your favourite color? It’s black.⑨ 问人物 Who’s that? It’s my sister.Who is the boy in blue? My brother.Who isn’t at school? Peter and Emma.Who are Lisa and Tim talking to?
⑩ 问东西 What’s this/that(in English)? It’s a pencil case.What else can you see in the picture? I can see some broccoli, strawberries and hamburgers.11问姓名 What’s your aunt’s name? Her name is Helen./She’s Helen.What’s your first name? My first name’s Ben.What’s your family name? My family name’s Smith.问哪一个 Which do you like? I like one in the box.问字母 What letter is it? It’s big D/small f.问价格 How much are these pants? They’re 15 dollars.问电话号码 What’s your phone number? It’s 576-8349.问谓语(动作)What’s he doing? He’s watching TV.问职业(身份)What do you do? I’m a teacher.What’s your father? He’s a doctor.三、时态
1、一般现在时
表示普遍、经常性的或长期性的动作时使用一般现在时，它有：
Be 动词：She’s a worker.Is she a worker? She isn’t a worker.情态动词：I can play the piano.Can you play the piano? I can’t play the piano.行为动词：They want to eat some tomatoes.Do they want to eat any tomatoes? They don’t want to eat any tomatoes.Gina has a nice watch.Does Gina have a nice watch? Gina doesn’t have a watch.2、现在进行时
1. 动词be(am,is,are)的用法：
be动词包括“am”, “is”, “are”三种形式。
①第一人称单数(I)配合am来用。句型解析析：I am+? 例句：I am Snoopy.
I am ten years old. I am a student. I am a boy.
②第二人称(You)配合are使用。句型解析：You are+? 例句：You are my good friend.
You are a good teacher. You are beautiful ③第三人称单数(He or She or It)配合is使用。句型解析：She(He, It) is +?? 例句：She is a good girl.
She is so tall. She is short. ④人称复数 (we /you/they)配合are使用。句型解析：We (You, They) are +?? 例句 We are in Class 5,Grade 7.
They are my friends. You are good students.
用法口诀：
我(I)用am, 你(you)用are，is跟着他(he)，她(she)，它(it)。单数名词用is，复数名词全用are。变否定，更容易，be后not加上去。变疑问，往前提，句末问号莫丢弃。还有一条须注意，句首大写莫忘记。
对应练习：
一. 用括号中适当的词填空。
1. I ________(am, are, is) from Australia. 2. She _______ (am, are, is) a student.
3. Jane and Tom _________(am, is, are) my friends. 4. My parents _______ (am, is, are) very busy every day.
5. _______ (Are, Is, Do, Does) there a Chinese school in New York? 6. _______ (Be, Are, Were, Was) they excited when he heard the news? 7. There _____ (be) some glasses on it.
8. If he _____ (be) free tomorrow, he will go with us. 一、用be 动词的适当形式填空
1. I ______ a boy. ______ you a boy? No, I _____ not.
2. The girl______ Jacks sister. 3. The dog _______ tall and fat.
4. The man with big eyes _______ a teacher. 5. ______ your brother in the classroom?
6. Where _____ your mother? She ______ at home. 7. How _______ your father?
8. Mike and Liu Tao ______ at school. 9. Whose dress ______ this? 10. Whose socks ______ they? 11. That ______ my red skirt. 12. Who ______ I?
13.The jeans ______ on the desk. 14.Here ______ a scarf for you.
15. Here ______ some sweaters for you. 16. The black gloves ______ for Su Yang. 17. This pair of gloves ______ for Yang Ling. 18. The two cups of milk _____ for me. 19. Some tea ______ in the glass.
20. Gao shans shirt _______ over there.
第二课时(1)英语人称代词和物主代词
一、人称代词
表示“我”、“你”、“他”、“她”、“它”、“我们”、“你们”、“他们”的词，叫做人称代词。人称代词有人称、数和格的变化，见下表：
人称代词主格：作主语，表示谁怎么样了、干什么了。
I am a teacher. You are student. He is a student, too. We/You/They are students.
人称代词宾格作宾语，表示动作行为的对象。 Give it to me. Let’s go (let’s =let us)
二、物主代词
表示所有关系的代词叫做物主代词，也可叫做代词所有格。物主代词分形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词二种，其人称和数的变化见下表。
形容词性物主代词(my/your/his/her/its/our/their)+名词
而名词性物主代词则相当于形容词性物主代词+名词,故其后不必加名词。如： Is this your book?
No,，it isn’t， it’s hers(her book) This pen is mine.
代词练习(一)
一、选出括号中正确的词，在正确的词上打勾。
1. This is(my / I)mother. 2. Nice to meet (your / you). 3. (He / His)name is Mark. 4. What’s(she / her)name? 5. Excuse(me / my / I). 6. Are(your / you)Miss Li? 7. (I/ My)am Ben. 8. (She / Her)is my sister. 9. Fine , thank (your / you). 10. How old is (he / his)
二、用所给代词的正确形式填空。
1. These are ______ ( he ) brothers. 2. That is _______( she ) sister. 3. Lily is _______ ( Lucy ) sister.
4. Tom, this is _____ ( me ) cousin, Mary.
5. Now _____________(her parent) are in America.
6. Those __________ ( child ) are _____ ( I ) father’s students. 7. Do you know ______ ( it ) name?
8. Mike and Tom __________ ( be ) friends. 9. Thanks for helping ________( I ).
10. ______(Ann安)mother is ______(we) teacher.
三、单项选择。
( )1. My family ____ a big family. My family ____all here.
A. is, is B. are, are C. is, are D. are, is
( )2. This is __________.
A. a picture of family B. a picture of my family
C. a family’s picture D. a family of my picture
( )3. Let’s __________ good friends.
A. be B. are C. is D. am
( )4. Is she your aunt? Yes, __________.
A. she’s B. her is C. she is D. he is
( )5. Are __________ coats yours? Yes, they are .
A. they B. these C. this D. there
( )6. Is that __________ uncle? No, it isn’t
A. he B. she C. her D. hers
( )7. Mrs. Green is __________ grandmother. A. Jim and Kate B. Jim and Kate’s
C. Jim’s and Kate’s D. Jim and Kates’
( )8. Do you know the name _____Mr. Green’s son?
A. in B. of C. on D. or
( )9. __________ the great photo of your family. A. thank for B. Thanks for
C. Thank for D. thanks for
( )10. Are those your friends? __________. A. Yes, they’re B. No, they are
C. Yes, they are D. Yes, those are
代词练习(二)
一、用适当的代词填空
1.We like ________ (he, his , him) very much. 2.Is this guitar ________ (you, your, yours)? 3.________(She, Her, Hers) name is Li Li.
4.Father bought a desk for ________ (I, my, me, mine). 5.________ (It, Its, Its) is very cold today. 6.Is this your book, Mike?
Yes ,________(we, you, they )are. 7.Are you and Tom classmates? Yes, ________(we, you ,they )are.
8.Each of the students ________( have, has) a pen pal. 9.He has a dog. I want to have ________(it, one ),too. 10.Her parents are ________ (both, all ,either )teachers.
11.The text is easy for you .There are ________( few, a few ,little,
a little) new words in it .
12.I want ________( some, any) bananas. Give me these big ________
(one, ones).
二、选择正确的答案
1.Is this ________ book?
A.you B.I C.she D.your
2.Its a bird. ________ name is Polly.
A.Its B.Its C.His D.It
3.Whats that ?________ a jeep.
A.its B.Its C.Its D.its
4.Whats that in English? ________.
A.Its egg B.Thats egg C.Its a egg D.Its an egg
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