外贸英语函电知识点

外贸英语函电知识点

外贸英语函电知识点 篇1

semi-block format 半平头式 subject line 事由

complimentary close结尾敬语 enclosure附件

attention line经办人

left margin 左边空白处 indentend format 缩进式

the semi-blocked format 缩进式 be in line with与..相一致 Get in touch with 与...联系 business partner业务伙伴

open an account 开立账户 inquire for 询购询问

commercial counselor’s office商务参赞处

financial position财务状况 be in the market for想要购买

at sb’s convenience在某人方便的时候

after-sale service售后服务 quantity discount 数量折扣spoil one’s credit 损害信誉 Enjoy credit 享受信誉 current price原价

original price 先行价格 special discount 特殊折扣

under separate cover 单独邮寄 fair average quality质量一般的产品 shipping papers 出货书 a ready market畅销市场 make a concession 做出让步 effect shipment装运 a firm offer实盘

extend offer延长报盘 raise the price by8%提高8% see one’s way clear to accept a counter-offer 接受还盘a crowd of inquiries询价单 old hand 熟练工人keep upright 竖放 bilateral trade双边贸易 bilateral clearing双边清算 marine policy 海运保单 collecting bill托收汇票 closing rate收盘汇率 export loan出口信贷

amount of exports 出口额 written document 书面证明 financial transhipment金融工具 draw a draft/bill on sb.向某人开出汇票

documents to be released to the drawee放单给受票人 in duplicate 一式两份

marine insurance 海运保险terms of payment 支付条件commercial credit商业信用 pay off the trade debt 清偿债款 sales packing 销售包装 breakage proof放破碎 FCL整箱货

compression packing压缩包装 flexible container集装包

brands designated by the buyer定牌 seaworthy packing 适于海上运输的包装

customary packing习惯包装 assortment list花色搭配单 waterproof paper 防水纸 indicative marks 指示性标志 nude cargo 裸装货

air transportation insurance航运运输保险

ocean marine cargo insurance 海洋货物运输保险

parcel post insurance 邮包保险 leakage rish 渗漏险

Hook Damage Rish 钩损险

war rish 战争险

Taint of odur risk 串味险

Fresh and/or Rain Water Damage Risk淡水雨淋险

people’s insurance company of china 中国人寿保险公司 franchise免赔额

Free Particular Average平安险 with particular average 水渍险 all risks一切险

insurance agent 保险代理人 insurance amount保险金额 insurance premium保险费insurance certificate保险凭证insurance policy保险单

insurance converage保险范围

floating policy流动保单 shipping advice 装运通知

clean,on board B/L清洁已装箱提单 transshipment and partial shipment allowed 允许转船和分批出运 ready for delivery备妥待运 Commercial invoice 商业发票 shipping space 舱位 Port of loading 装货港

mode of transportation 运输方式shipment price 起运价格

shipment by installments 分批或分期装运

shipment per sample 凭样交货 transit shipment过境货 arbitration award 仲裁裁决 resort to litigation 提起诉讼 short delivery 短教settle a claim 理赔

breach of a contract合同违约 arbitration clauses仲裁条款 file a claim提出索赔

claim for short weight索赔短重 refuse the claim拒赔 inferior quality 品质不良 B/L提单bill of loding CC抄送carbon copy EBR建立业务关系 Establishment of

business

relationships

CIF 到岸价

Cost insurance and freightL/C信用证letter of credit M/T信汇mail transfer

T/T电汇telegraphic transfer D/D票汇demand draft D/P付款交单

Document against payment D/A承兑交单

Documents against acceptance S/C销售确认书 Sales confirmation

PICC中国人民保险公司

外贸英语函电知识点 篇2

关键词：外贸,英语函电,技巧

在国际贸易中, 一笔交易从买卖双方取得联系开始直至合同履行完毕, 往往需要经过以下步骤:建立业务联系→交易磋商→合同签订→合同履行。其中, 各环节都会使用外贸函电进行联系, 尤其是前两个环节的使用频率最高。在信息化高度发达的今天, 外贸函电并不局限于纸质版的, 也可以是电子邮件、传真或MSN。

一、撰写外贸英语函电应遵循的“7C”原则

外贸英语函电并不要求作者使用华丽优美的词句, 而是用一些简单朴实的语言准确地表达自己的意思, 让对方可以清楚地了解自己想说什么。一般地, 外贸函电有以下写作原则:

1、体谅原则 (consideration) :

就是强调对方的情况而不是自己的情况, 要体现一种站在他人角度去考虑、多体谅对方心情和处境。

2、礼貌原则 (courtesy) :

礼貌不仅仅是指有礼而已, 或者简单的用一些礼貌用语就可以, 它是从一个“You attitude”的角度考虑问题。如何让对方觉得是礼貌呢?尽量不用大写英文字母;不应使用过激、冒犯和轻视的词语;第一尽量用被动态;第二用疑问句;最后用虚拟句。

3、完整原则 (completeness) :

在函电中信息完整很关键, 一封外贸英语函电应概括各项必需的事项。如, 邀请信应说明时间、地点等, 切忌寄出含糊不清的信件或一件事分多次书信传达给对方。

4、清楚原则 (clarity) :

是外贸英语函电写作最重要的原则。一封含糊不清、词不达意的书信会引起误会, 甚至会造成贸易损失。要注意修饰词的位置;选择正确、简练的词以及正确的句子结构。

5、简洁原则 (conciseness) :

要求用最少的语言表达最丰富的内容。要做到简洁, 必须避免废话连篇;能用单词表达短语的就用单词, 能用短语表达句子的就用短语, 能用短句表达长句的则用短句。

6、具体原则 (concreteness) :

外贸英语函电必须避免采用模糊、大概和抽象的词语和语句, 应尽量运用具体的事实和数字, 这样将有助于加快事务的进程。

7、正确原则 (correctness) :

语言和内容都要正确。具体体现在以下几点:标点符号的运用;单词的位置;介词的表达, 数字前如果要用介词则须十分小心。

二、写作外贸英语函电的技巧

1、函电不宜写得过长。

一般地, 很多欧洲客户处理每一封函电的时间是2~3秒, 也就是大致扫一眼。重要的函电, 一般马上仔细阅读并回复;不是太重要的, 会在outlook里标注上要处理的具体时间, 然后从in box拉到相应的子目录里。

2、要有明确的主题。

主题明确的写法举例“ABC inc/Home Depot vendor-solar desk/DEF Co.Ltd.”其中, ABC inc代表了客户的公司名, 主题里首先加上对方公司名, 表示对对方公司的尊重;Home Depot是美国第二大零售商, Home Depot vendor-solar desk明确表示自己是北美第三大零售商, 既表明了实力, 也勾起对方的兴趣;最后的DEF Co.Ltd.代表自己公司。

3、

函电开头不宜使用“From the inter-net……”。实际操作中, “From the internet, we get your company name.”类似的话千万不要说!可以这样写:“We're glad to hear that you're on the market for...”。 (我们很高兴获悉你对某某产品有兴趣) 。

4、不要长篇大论的介绍公司或工厂。

但是可以这样写:We supply solar lights for Home Depot with high quality and competitive price.Hope to cooperate with you!简单的一两句话点到重点, 调起对方的胃口, 让他反过来问各种问题, 这样容易达到目的。

5、不要为炫耀英文水平而不简洁。

外贸英语函电的精髓就是“简单、简单、再简单”。能用一个词表达的绝对不用两个词或短语, 能用一句话写清楚的绝对不写两句!

6、不宜用异样的字体。

很多人为了追求醒目, 总喜欢用很夸张的字体、颜色、甚至放大、加粗、斜体等等, 其实一眼看上去会让人很不舒服。欧美人一般比较常用的字体就是以下几种:Arial、Verdana、Calibri、Times new roman, 有时用Tahoma字体的, 但相对少一点。一部分台湾和香港客户会用PMing Li U字体。至于颜色, 一般都是黑色或者蓝色。切忌在一封邮件里出现多种奇奇挂怪的颜色, 像彩虹一样, 让对方感觉不舒服。

7、主动语态不宜用得过多。

老外在英文函电写作中很少会用“We”、“I”之类的人称。相反, 大多会用被动语态。比如“我们明天会寄给你样品”。中国人喜欢表述为“We'll send you the samples tomorrow.”这句话没错, 语法正确、意思清楚。但是老外通常会这样写“Samples will be sent to you tomorrow.”用的是被动语态, 人称也就没有了。

8、切忌问一些毫无意义的话。

比如“Do you want our products?”如果对方说No, 怎么回复?外贸函电尤其是开发信还是要直接一点, 直接告诉对方你是谁, 做什么, 优势在那里。只要清楚表述出这三点就可以了。

9、慎用附件和图片及URL链接。

附件和图片很容易被国外的服务器拦截的。所以, 第一次联系对方的时候最好全文本, 不要出现任何的图片和附件。

1 0、语气要委婉, 不要过于生硬。

“please, help, kindly, could, thank you, appreciate”这样的话在邮件来往中是很普遍的。除非你和对方已经非常熟了, 偶尔客套一下即可, 平常可以不用了。

三、外贸英语函电案例

假如写一封邮件告诉客户John, 上次收到的样品已经寄给工厂了, 但工厂说材料不是ABS, 而是PP, 需要价格他们重新核算, 但近期内原材料涨价, 希望贵方能尽快确认, 以便我方采购原材料并安排生产。

Hi John,

Samples received and already passed to vendor.The material was PP, not ABS.Offer sheet is preparing and will be sent to you soon.

By the way, raw material increased these days, please make a decision quickly to go ahead after price confirmed.We'll arrange the mass production.Thanks and best regards.

上述函电几句话点到主题, 简洁、清楚、准确。能用一句话表达的, 不写两句, 省掉一切能省的废话;表达方式尽量少用第一人称, 多用了被动语态。这就是一封好的外贸英语函电。

参考文献

[1]毅冰.外贸操作实务系列外贸高手客户成交技巧.中国海关出版社, 2012.1.

外贸英语函电的教学实践 篇3

但是，当函电教学的初始阶段结束后，一般的教学材料和教学方法仍过多局限于词句，学生只会机械地掌握所背的词组和句子，一旦没有相关素材需要自己组织、表达时，就缺乏独立思考和运用的能力了。此外，函电课程在教学时，与其他商务专业课程以及上下任务间的联系度还不够，有待融会贯通，上下一致。

因此，在函电教学的实践任务阶段，最好运用统一的买卖双方、统一的买卖商品，从而保持业务过程的连贯性、整体性。此外，执行任务前教师要做一个深入明晰的准备，让学生在实践时更具真实性和可操作性。笔者在本校商务英语专业的班级中，尝试开展了以下任务型教学：就买卖双方间的产品推广、询盘、报盘、还盘、达成协议等环节进行一次模拟公司业务练习。

一、准备阶段

第一步：一个班，每5～6人一组，构成一个公司，一共10组，分成两个阵营，分别是5个出口公司和5个进口公司。

第二步：出口公司和进口公司之间一对一结对，确定各自商务往来的对象，并就双方公司共同的业务领域、采购的某种商品达成一致，从而形成5对合作伙伴，5个不同的业务领域和5种要采购的产品。

第三步：每个公司选定一位负责人，确定公司名称，所在的国家城市地址，以及负责人的QQ邮箱、电话、传真等联系方式。其中，5个出口公司选择中国国内的城市，5个进口公司选择国外的城市。相关条件准备好后发给老师。

第四步： 5家出口公司参考现实环境中公司的网页，各自制作一个PPT文档，里面列出自己公司的名称（中英文），公司中英文简介（包括建立时间、员工人数、资产、销售的地区等），联系方式（其中邮箱是该公司负责人的真实邮箱，用来接收对方的信件），公司正在出售的一种产品。小组成员通过网络收集该产品的照片、国内销售的单位价格（换算为美金计价）等信息，并把这些产品信息制作好，发给老师一份，由老师对5家出口公司制作的公司及产品介绍进行考评，并将其放在学生的QQ群里进行展示。

二、运用商务函电进行业务磋商

第一步： 买方公司的成员看到卖方公司发布的产品介绍后，商定好本公司所需产品的款式、数量、颜色等，然后由公司负责人分配任务，成员各自到网上查找，了解并且商定以下内容：①该产品在卖方国内的单个零售价。②买方要买的数量。③该数量产品需要的包装规格。④该数量产品到买方国家所在城市的运费，运费的价目表可以在货代公司的网站上自行查找，老师也会给出一个货代公司网址让学生加以了解。⑤该产品在买方国家的单个零售价。⑥扣除成本后，所购数量产品要赚的总利润区间以及折合到单个产品的利润区间。⑦本公司能够接受的对方单个产品报价的区间。商定好后把这7项内容发送给老师。其中的①③④⑤项发送时需配以数据图片，作为公司事先调查的凭证。

第二步：买方公司做好市场调查后，写一封询盘信，向卖方公司提出自己所需产品的款式、数量、颜色、包装规格等要求，并且询问所需数量产品到买方国家所在城市的FOB上海单位价格。在写信时，可以参考之前学过的有关询盘信件的步骤表达，然后依照卖方提供的QQ邮箱地址，发送给卖方负责人，并抄送一份给老师，从而形成一个模拟的商业环境。

第三步：卖方公司收到对方的询盘信后，卖方公司成员到网上查找，并且计算好相关内容：①该产品在本国国内的成本价。②买方所购数量的产品到买方国家所在城市的运费（因为统一用FOB条款，由买方承担运费，因此卖方报盘时要考虑该因素，报价要合理）。③按照买方的包装规格要求，该数量产品包装的大致费用。④该产品在买方国家的一般零售价。⑤卖方公司扣除成本后要赚的总利润区间及折合到单个产品的利润区间。⑥卖方公司能够给出的单个产品的FOB报价区间。商定好后把这6项内容发送给老师，其中①②③④项发送时需配以在网上查到的数据图片，作为公司事先调查的凭证。

第四步：卖方公司根据买方的要求和自己做的市场调查，给对方写一封报盘信，明确包装、运费、发货日期、报盘有效期等信息，并且统一用FOB上海的格式，报出卖方所能给出的价格。然后依照买方上封来信的邮箱地址，发送给老师一份，并且发送给买方一份，从而形成一个互动的商业环境。

第五步：买方公司收到对方公司发送的报盘信后，公司成员仔细研究对方有关包装、运费、发货日期、所报价格以及报盘有效期等内容，然后与自己公司之前的市场调查做一下对比，如果对方所报价格和自己公司所能接受的价格有一定差距，就要给对方写一封还盘信，表明自己不能接受对方的报盘，并说明原因，必要时可以拿出自己公司调查的材料做凭证，并给出自己公司所能接受的价格。

第六步：卖方公司收到对方的还盘信后，将还盘的价格和自己公司所能接受的价格做一下对比，如果可以接受，就写一封达成协议的信件;如果不能接受，就再与对方进一步还盘。在写相关信件时，可以参考教材中达成协议的信件的步骤和表达，写好后发送给买方，并且抄送一封给老师，由此形成一个基本完整的业务流程。

在完成任务的过程中，每组同学自己在完成每个小任务后，可以填写一个自我评价和小组互评的表格，及时进行反馈和总结，为下一步任务的完成做好准备。最后老师把每个公司所完成的任务进行展示，对具有代表性的小组成果进行点评，并选出最佳公司、最佳董事长、最佳业务员等。

通过这种贴近实际工作环境的教学方法，学生可以把所学的内容和现实工作联系在一起，从而增加了学习兴趣和热情，减少了违和感，将函电的写作融入外贸业务中，把教材中出现的每一个函电任务进行串联和整合，而非单纯孤立地练习英语的写作和翻译，从而使教材运用的广度和高度得到一定的提升。与此同时，也锻炼了小组成员的协作能力，对学生以后的实际工作起到了一定的推动作用。

服装外贸英语函电 篇4

The chamber of Commerce

Casilla 593 Lima 100. Avenida Gregorio Escobedo 398.

Jesus Maria, Lima 11 Tel： (51-1) 4630000 Fax： (51-1) 46300001

3rd September 200#

Mr. Sun Xingwang

President & CEO

Huating Electrial Appliance PLC.

1112 Nanjing Road

Shanghai 40

China

Dear Mr. Sun：

We thank you for your letter of the 23rd August requesting addresses of possible agents for your products.

On the attached list we have given names and addresses of three firms who in our opinion would be able to provide you with the required services, and would be interested in your proposition.

Very truly yours.

Oscar Olender

Executive Chairman

外贸英语函电课后答案 篇5

21.我公司是该地区电子产品的主要进口商之一。我们借此机会与贵方接洽，希望与贵方建

立贸易关系。

We are one of the leading importers dealing in electronic products in the area and take this opportunity to approach you in the hope of establishing business relations.2.我公司经营机械设备的进出口业务已多年，我们的产品在许多国家享有盛誉。

We have been engaged in handling importing and exporting of machinery and equipment for many years, and our products have enjoyed great popularity in many countries.3.承我国驻北京大使馆商务参赞处介绍，得知你公司的名称、地址。

We owe your name and address to the Commercial Counselor’s office of our Embassy in Beijing.4.我们了解到你们是日用化学品制造商。我们有一客户想要购买贵国化妆品，如能立即航

寄目前所能供之货的目录及价格表，我们将不胜感激。

We are given to understand that you are a manufacturer of daily chemicals.One of our clients intends to buy cosmetics from your country.We will appreciate it highly if you airmail the catalogue and price list ofthe goods available at present.5.有关我们的资信情况，请向中国银行上海分行查询。

For our credit standing, please refer to the Bank of China, Shanghai Branch.Unit

31.请报你方最优惠的上海到岸价，包括我方3%佣金。

Please quote us your best price CIF Shanghai, inclusive of our 3% commission.2.如果你方价格有竞争力的话，我们打算订购30万码棉布。

Should your price be found competitive,we would intend to place with you an order for 300000 yards of Cotton Cloth.3.我方有一家客户对贵国琴岛海尔电冰箱感兴趣，请电开400台伦敦到岸价4月船期的报盘。One of our customers is now interested in the Qingdao Haier Refrigerator made in your country.Please offer CIF London for 400 sets to be delivered in April.4.为了便于你方了解我方的产品，我们立即航寄样品书两份。

To enable you to have a better understanding of our products, we are sending you 2 sample books by air.5.为答复你方4月28日询价，随函寄去我方最新价目单以供参考。

In reply to your enquiry dated April 28, we are now sending you our latest price list for your reference.Unit

41.我方正在仔细研究你方报盘，希望将此盘保留到月底有效。

We are studying the offer and hope that it will keep open till the end ofthe month.2.我方的产品质量好，价格合理，因此相信贵方能大量订货。

We believe that you will place a large order with us owing to the high quality and reasonable price of our products.3.如果你方能订购5000打或5000打以上，我们将给予10%的折扣。

We will allow you 10% discount if you purchase 5000 dozens or more.4.关于支付条件，我们通常要求保兑的、不可撤销的、凭即期汇票支付的信用证。

As to terms of payment, we often require a confirmed, irrevocable L/C payable by draft at sight.5.请接受此难得再有的报盘。最近可望有大笔订单自美国方面来，届时将导致价格猛涨。You are cordially invited to take advantage of this attractive offer.We are anticipating a large order from the USA, and that will cause a sharp rise in price.6.如果3月10日之前收到你方订单，我方将报5月上旬船期的实盘。

We will send you a firm offer with shipment available in the early May if your order reaches us before March,10.7.由于此货需求量甚大，所以该盘有效期不能超过5天。

Because there is a brisk demand for the goods, the offer will be open only for 5 days.8.兹报实盘，以我方时间7月10日星期二下午5时以前复到为有效。

We are giving you a firm offer , subject to your reply here by 5 p.m.our time, Tuesday, July 10.Unit

51.如果你方能给我方5%的佣金，我方将试购500台。

We shall place a trial order with you for 500 sets provided you will give us a 5% commission.2.我们正在执行你方678号订单。请相信我们定将在你方所规定的期限内安排装运。

We are working on your Order No.678 at present and please believe that we will effect the shipment within your stipulated time.3.由于大量承约，许多客户的订货都未发出，因此我们目前只能接受10月船期的订单。Owing to heavy commitments, many orders haven’t been made ,we can only accept orders for October shipment.4.因为存货售罄，我们不能接受新订单。但是一批新货源的到来，我们即去电与你方联系。Our stock is exhausted and we are not in a position to accept fresh orders.However, we will contact you by cable as soon as new supplies are available.5.该货须分三批装出，每月100吨，从8月份开始。

Shipment should be made during August to October in three lots, with 100 tons each.函电

（1）有意订购对方公司的某牌号录像机、录像带、微型收录两用机

（2）数量：录像机 1000台 Video Recorder

录像带 1000盒 Video Tape

微型收录两用机 5000台 Mini Radio Cassette Recorder

（3）价格：FOB新港，包括我方5%佣金Inclusive of our 5% commission

录像机：每台XX美元USD xx each

录像带：每盒XX美元

微型收录两用机：每台XX美元

（3）付款方式：90天期信用证装船前30天开立

L/C at 90 days’ sight to be opened 30 days before shipment

（4）包装：用标准出口箱包装 By standard export cases

（5）交货日期：一批或分二批8月底前交完

Before the end of August in one or two lots.1.你方3月10日订购500台绒线编织机的传真收悉，谢谢。

We are pleased to have received your Order by fax dated March 10 for 500 sets of knitting machinery.Thanks.2.我们已即刻与厂家取得了联系，但由于该货销路甚佳，已接的订货太多，况且原料紧缺，他们婉言拒绝。经过我方再三努力磋商，厂方答应接受订货，从明年1月起每月交100台。

We have immediately contacted the manufacturer.But they refused our request since the machine sells well, and there is a great shortage of raw materials and still a large number of orders.After our repeated negotiations, they finally promised to accept the order and to make delivery of 100 sets each month, beginning from next January.3.我们知道你方急需此货，不知上述交货时间你们是否同意？目前我们正在和其他地方的制造商联系，若有好消息，当即告知。

We are aware that you are in urgent need of the products, but uncertain whether you will agree on the above delivery date.We are making contact with manufacturers elsewhere and will let you know as soon as there are any favourable news.4.与此同时，我们附上我方目前可供货物的目录及价格表供你方参考，如有兴趣请即告知，我们自当迅速办理。

Meanwhile, we are enclosing our catalogue covering all the articles available at present.If you are interested in any of the items, please inform us.We shall surely give prompt attention to your requirement.Unit6

2.(1)品质、数量和重量的异议与索赔：货到目的口岸后，买方如发现货物品质及/或数据/重量与合同规定不符，除属于保险公司及/或船公司的责任外，买方可以凭双方同意的检验机构出具的检验证明向卖方提出异议，品质异议须于货到目的口岸之日起30天内提出，数量/重量异议须于货到目的口岸之日起15天内提出。

Quality/Quantity/&Weight Discrepancy and Claim: If the buyer find the quality and /or quantity/weight of the goods are not in conformity with these stipulated in the contract after the arrival of the goods at the port of destination, aside from those losses within the responsibility of the insurance company and/or the shipping company, the buyer shall have the right to lodge claims against the seller on the strength of inspection certificate issued by the inspection organization

accepted by both parties.In case of quality discrepancy claim should be filed by the buyer within 30 days after the arrival of the goods at the port of destination.In case of quantity/weight discrepancy claim should be filed by the buyer within 15 days after the arrival of the goods at the port of destination.(2)仲裁：凡因执行本合同或与本合同有关事项所发生的一切争执，应由双方通过友好方式协商解决。如果不能取得协议时则在被告国家（地区）根据被告国（地区）仲裁机构的仲裁程序规则进行仲裁。仲裁决定是终局的，对双方具有同等约束力。仲裁费用除非仲裁机构另有决定外，均由败诉一方负担。

Arbitration: All disputes in connection with this contract or the execution thereof shall be settled by amicable negotiation between two parties.If no settlement can be reached, the case in dispute shall then be submitted for arbitration in the country(district)of defendant in accordance with the arbitration regulations of the arbitration organization of the defendant country(district).The decision made by the arbitration organization shall be taken as final and binding upon both parties.The arbitration expenses shall be borne by the losing party unless otherwise awarded by the arbitration organization.Unit7

(1)信用证345号，请修改：

Please amend L/C No.345 as follows:

① 长吨改为公吨

Adjust Long Ton as Metric Ton.② 目的港伦敦改为汉堡

The “Port of Destination”should read“Hamburg”instead of“London”.③展装运期到8月底并允许分运转船

Extend the shipment date of your L/C to “the end of August”, partial shipments and transhipment are allowed.(2)你方信用证3350号，数量与合同不符，总金额相差￡ 75.60，请速改。

Your L/C No.3350 does not conform to the relative contract in quantity, with a difference of ￡75.60.Please amend it as soon as possible.(3)信用证2345号，请来电取消“银行费用由受益人负担”的条款。

Please amend your L/C No.2345 by fax , so as to cancel the clause of “The expenses of the Bank are to be for the beneficiary’s account ”.(4)信用证3346号，金额不足，请按合同增加520磅（请按合同增至3125.00磅）

We have received your L/C No.3346 and found that the amount is insufficient.Please increase by ￡520.00(increase up to￡3125.00)as the contract stipulated.(5)请将你方信用证6789号的船期及有效期分别延展至10月15日及10月30日。

Please extend the shipment date and validity of your L/C No.6789 to October 15 and 30 respectively.Unit9

1.检验报告证明，箱子及货物受损系运输途中粗鲁搬运所致，而不是你们所说的因包装不善引起的。

The survey report indicates that the damage to the carton and goods was due to rough handling in transit, rather than poor packing as you stated.2.损坏是由于包装不良所致，这样又大又重的机器应在出口木箱内定位填塞。

The damage was caused by improper packing，such a big and heavy machine should have been fixed and stuffed in export wooden case.3.经检查，未发现有任何质量低劣或工艺不佳的迹象，所用染料是最优质的。

Upon examination , we found that there was no sign of poor quality and bad handicraft , and that the dye used is excellent.4.你方愿接受错发货物，致谢。我们可按发票减价8%，希望你方同意。

Thank you for your acceptance of the wrongly delivered goods.We will give you a discount of8% on invoice price.Please agree.5.请速传真告知你方9月15日以前能否发货，倘若不能，我方不得不撤销订单。

12种外贸英语函电 篇6

Gentlemen: June 18, 2001

Thank you for your order No. 599. In order to execute it, please open an irrevocable L/C for the amount of US$ 50,000 in our favor. This account shall be available until Sep. 20. Upon arrival of the L/C we will pack and ship the order as requested.

Sincerely

浅析外贸英语函电的文体特征 篇7

随着全球经济一体化和对外贸易的发展, 商务活动日益频繁。作为重要的商务沟通方式, 外贸函电正在发挥着越来越重要的作用。它肩负着建立贸易双方的业务关系、沟通商务信息、塑造企业形象等多方面的社会职能, 成为商务社团共同使用的、特征鲜明的、高度约定俗成的交际事件。其特定的社会功能使其呈现出突出的格式化特征、语篇结构特征和文体特征。能够在特定语境中体现特定文体功能的语言特征统称为文体特征。语言在特定社会环境中所产生的表达效果和交际功能总是通过特定的语音、词汇、句法、书写特征和篇章结构予以实现的。基于此, 本文对外贸函电这一特殊书面交际文体从词汇、句法和篇章结构三个层面进行分析, 旨在揭示其文体特征, 加深对函电语篇的理解。

二、英语函电的文体特征

1. 词汇的特征

(1) 措辞礼貌客气

礼貌用语不但可以树立企业的良好形象, 为双方合作创造友好的洽谈气氛, 还能事事留有余地, 为进一步发展贸易关系奠定基础。收到对方的函电, 无论是否愿意接受或感兴趣, 都要以礼貌的语言表示诚挚的谢意。如对对方的要求表示不满, 措辞也要客气, 委婉。例如:

(1) Thank you for your letter of 10th November, enquiring for Forever Brand Bicycles.

(2) Thank you for your letter of 15th September, concerning the delayed delivery of the goods under the above Sales Confirmation.

(3) Thank you for your order for 50 reams of glass paper, but much to our regret, we can not agree to your payment by D/A.

在向对方提出要求或期望的同时也要使用礼貌得体的用语。例如:

(1) We should be much obliged if you would inform us, in confidence, of their financial standing and modes of business.

(2) It is highly appreciated if you would effect shipment immediately.

(2) You attitude即多从对方角度考虑问题

从本质上讲, 外贸函电的目的在于通过字面意思与言外之意的有机结合, 说服收信人按照自己的意图采取某个举措, 或接受某个想法。写信人无论为了何种目的都要考虑语言策略。顺利沟通的一个重要原则就是换位思考。在函电交流中, 应多将自己置于对方的角度, 设身处地为对方着想, 尽量满足对方的要求、需要和愿望, 即多用You attitude, 少用We attitude, 使句子语气显得平和、友好, 从而表现出对对方的尊重和礼让。例如:

(1) If you take the quality into consideration, you will see that our price is reasonable.

这比说We think that our products are superior in quality and reasonable in price.要好得多。又如:

(2) If you are likely to require any of them during the next three months, we advise your placing the order now as prices are rapidly rising.

(3) 多用专业术语和书面语

外贸函电涉及的是贸易活动, 适用于贸易领域。因此, 除了一般词汇以外, 还多用具有专业色彩的词汇, 如:certificate of origin (产地证) , proforma invoice (形式发票) , bona fide holder (善意持有人) , performance bond (履约保证金) , clean collection (光票托收) , irrevocable L/C payable by sight draft (不可撤消的即期信用证) 等。同时为了体现函电的正式性, 庄重性和严肃性, 较多使用较复杂的介词短语如:in compliance with, in view of, with regard to, in connection with, as per, at request以及herein, therein, hereby等古词语, 既体现出其带有显著的法律正式语体特征, 在表意时又可避免表达上不必要的重复。例如:

(1) Thank you for your Order No.905 for 50 metric tons of Emery Powder, but regret being unable to accept your terms of payment mentioned therein.

(2) We regret to have found that there are certain clauses which do not conform to those of the contract.Hereby we list the discrepancies for your attention.

(4) 多使用专业缩略词

现代商务活动日趋高效快捷, 随着贸易的不断发展, 大量《国际贸易通则》中通用的专业缩略词常出现在函电中, 为业内人士互通有无提供了方便。例如:

(1) 价格术语

CIF (cost, insurance and freight成本、保险和运费价)

CFR (cost and freight成本和运费价)

FOB (free on board船上交货价)

CPT (carriage paid to运费付至)

DEQ (delivered ex quay码头交货)

(2) 保险

FPA (free from particular average水渍险)

WPA (with particular average平安险)

AR (all risks一切险)

WR (war risk战争险)

(3) 运输

B/L (bill of lading提单)

FCL (full container load整箱货)

LCL (less container load拼箱货)

(4) 支付

D/P (documents against payment付款交单)

L/C (letter of credit信用证)

T/T (telegraphic transfer电汇)

M/T (mail transfer信汇)

D/D (demand draft票汇)

可以看出, 函电中的专业缩略词不仅有助于增强语言的专业性和简洁性, 而且以简短的形式, 表达出丰富的信息, 提高了工作效率, 缩短了撰写时间。

2. 句法特征

(1) 多用陈述句

在外贸函电中, 由于对大量事项及业务需要解释清楚, 故多使用陈述句。由于篇章本身不需表达任何感情色彩, 基本上不采用感叹句。例如:

Dear Sirs:

Your firm has been recommended to us by John Morris&Co., with whom we have done business for many years.

We specialize in the export of Chinese Chemicals and Pharmaceuticals, which have enjoyed great popularity in world market.We enclose a copy of our catalogue for your reference and hope that you would contact us if any item is interesting to you.

We hope that you will give us an early reply.

Sincerely yours,

(2) 简单句和复合句并用

外贸函电对文字表达既要求简洁, 又要能完整地表达外贸业务进行的各种条件、方式方法和结果, 使业务不出现任何疏漏之处, 避免争端。因此, 较短的简单句和稍长的复合句常交替出现。例如:

Through years of business dealing, our company has formed the following two packing practices for shirts exported to European countries.First, pack them in bales lined with polythene, each containing 50 pieces in one pattern.Second, pack them in plasticlined, water-proof cartons, reinforced with metal straps.In view to expanding our business at your end, we are writing to you in the hope that we can set up a sole agency in your country, which is expected to enlarge the sales of our products.

(3) 适时采用被动结构

在函电中, 交易双方为了表明各自的立场和观点, 常使用主动结构的句式。在表达否定意义时, 若采用主动结构, 语气就会显得尖锐, 对营造融洽的合作关系极为不利。此时, 函电中应强调业务的履行情况, 突出动作的对象, 淡化动作的执行者。采用被动结构的句式, 会使陈述显得客观、委婉。例如:

(1) The articles have just been received after a delay of a fortnight, for which no explanation has yet been given to us.

(2) The quality of your shipment for our Order No.423 has been found not in conformity with the agreed specification.A claim will be lodged against you for the amount of US$15, 000.00.The CCIBsurvey report is forwarded herewith and your early settlement is requested.

3. 篇章结构特征

(1) 连贯

由于交流的双方在时间和空间上的差距, 几乎每一篇信函的引言都要提及信函的指向。如在建立业务关系的信函中, 通常先会告知对方是如何获悉对方名址的。在写给已有业务关系的对方函电中, 写信的一方要提及对方某一天的来信, 或双方已发生的某一笔交易。这体现了它连贯的语篇特征。例如:

(1) Having had your name and address from the Commercial Counselor’s Office of our Embassy in Pakistan, we avail ourselves of this opportunity to write to you and see if we can establish business relations with you.

(2) Thank you for your letter of September 18, 2007 giving us references, but regret to say that these are not what we require.

(3) We are glad to have received your letter of 10th November in connection with your enquiry for Butterfly Bicycles.

(2) 情景呼应

除了使用语篇常用的语法和词汇的衔接手段外, 情景照应和编号替代手段频繁使用。例如:

Thank you very much for your Order No.532 for model Z-33drilling machines received on November 19, 2007.

该句your Order No.532 for model Z-33 drilling machines使用了情景照应手段, 即函电中语义的照应通常是在双方已经熟知的交易环境中实现。从此句可以推断出对方已订购了订单号为532的钻床, 这在语义上形成照应, 减少了传递信息中所产生的歧义, 增强了语言的清晰度及表现力。

(3) 层次鲜明

外贸函电往往强调一事一函, 便于对方答复, 以免发生混乱, 耽搁业务的开展。若其核心部分涉及不同事项, 通常按主次顺序分几个段落进行说明。函电正文一般包括四部分:引言、详情、应答和结束语。传递信息时, 往往将信息置于句首, 然后做出解释, 表明态度, 最后用客气礼貌的语言表示希望或谢意, 给人顺理成章, 层次分明的感觉。例如:

Dear Sirs:

Re:S/C No.90-45897

We regret to inform you that we did not received your L/Ccovering the above Sales Confirmation till today.It is clearly stipulated in the said confirmation that the relevant L/C should reach us by the end of August.Although the time limit for the arrival of your credit has been exceeded, we are still prepared to ship your order in view of the long-term friendly relations between us.

However, owning to the late arrival of the L/C, we are unable to make shipment according to the date specified in the S/C.You are therefore requested to extend the validity of the L/C to the 26th November, 2006.

Please note that we require the amendment to L/C by the 30th September as otherwise we shall be unable to effect shipment at the time mentioned above.

We anticipate the early arrival of your amendment advice.

Sincerely yours,

三、结语

综上, 外贸函电在词汇、句子和篇章三个层次上体现出鲜明的文体特征。撰写外贸函电不仅要熟悉业务知识, 了解业务流程, 还要有扎实的语言基础并掌握函电的文体特征, 只有这样才能发挥函电的书面交际功能, 提高写作水平。这对于维护企业形象, 密切双方的合作关系具有重要意义。

摘要：随着对外贸易的迅猛发展, 外贸函电的作用显得越来越重要。作为重要的沟通方式, 外贸英语函电在词汇、句法和篇章三个层面体现出鲜明的文体特征。对其进行分析, 有助于更好地发挥其交际功能, 提高函电的写作能力, 为企业树立良好的形象并密切双方的合作关系。

关键词：对外贸易,函电,文体特征

参考文献

[1]陈冬纯:商务英语信函的体裁分析与撰写策略[J].国外外语教学, 2003, 2

[2]秦秀白:英语语体和文体要略[M].上海:上海外语教育出版社, 2002

[3]廖　瑛　莫再树:国际商务英语语言与翻译研究[M].北京:机械工业出版社, 2005

[4]尹小莹, 郭黎光:外贸英语函电[M].西安:西安交通大学出版社, 1998

浅谈外贸英语函电的写作用词技巧 篇8

【关键词】外贸英语函电；用词；技巧

【中图分类号】H315【文献标识码】A【文章编号】1001-4128(2011)01-0048-02

作者简介：袁晓亮（1973-），男，山西省长治市人，硕士，讲师，研究生院参谋。研究方向：高校教育研究与学科建设。

外贸业务函电在贸易往来中所起的作用是对外联系、交流信息、开拓市场、发展贸易和增进双方友谊或解决问题等。一封信的好坏，直接关系到对外贸易的开展和双方是否能达成合作，因此必须谨慎撰写。在撰写外贸业务书信时，必须注意以下几点：

1 保持书信的完整性和具体性

一封信函应概括所有必需的事项，包括写信人希望对方答复的所有详细情况和问题，或是答复对方来信所提出的全部问题或要求。例如：接受对方的报盘时，应该把条件全部说清楚。因为这种信函实际上是成交合同，对双方都具有约束力，如果不完整，有可能引起不必要的纠纷。此外，信要写得具体、明确。特别是要求对方做出明确反应的信，或是答复对方提出的要求或问题，或是报盘等，该具体时就要具体。

例如：

…We are making you,subject to your acceptance reaching us by July 19,Beijing time,the following offer:

60 metric tons of Peanuts,F.A.Q.2001/crop,at 1450 yuan per metric ton CIFC2% Shanghai,shipment per steamer during August…

2 注意写好信函的开头

开头的好坏至关重要，决定了第一印象的好坏。

①不好的或是消极的信息不宜放在开头部分。

例如：We thank you for your order but regret to tell you that we can not supply you at the moment goods you asked for.

②避免以空话开头，言辞空洞。

例如：We have received your letter of June 18 and the contents were duly noted.Please be advised that,as per our files,which have been carefully examined,your car was purchased last March,not last May.

3 信要写得生动、具体，表达意思要清晰、准确无误，使人看了之后不会产生误解

特别是要求对方做出明确反应的信，或是答复对方提出的要求或问题，或是报盘等，该具体时就要具体。

①避免用词错误

例如：As to the steamers sailing from Hainan to Paris, we have bimonthly direct services.

此处bimonthly有歧义：可以是twice a month 或者once two month.

可以改写为：

a. We have two direct sailings every month from Hainan to Paris.

b. We have semimonthly direct sailing from Hainan to Paris.

c. We have a direct sailing from Hainan to Paris.

②词语所放的位置要恰当

例如：a. We shall be able to supply 40 cases of the item only.

b. We shall be able to supply 40 cases only of the item.

前者则有两种商品以上的含义。

③注意句子的结构

例如：

a. We sent you 7 samples yesterday of the goods which yourequested in your letter of July 27 by air.

b. We sent you, by air, 7 samples of the goods which you requested in your letter of July 27.前者所表达的意思含糊不清。

④确保信函中的标点符号、拼写等准确无误。

例如：￥74，000与￥740，000相差666，000元

4 内容要简洁易懂

①避免废话连篇：

例如：a. We wish to acknowledge receipt of your letter...

可改为：We appreciate your letter...

b. Enclosed herewith please find two copies of...

可改为: We enclose two copies of...

②避免不必要的重复：

例如： Your prompt reply will be highly appreciated. We look forward to your early reply.

两句重复运用，应该删除一句。

③短句、单词的运用：

Enclosed herewith →enclosed

a draft in the amount of $900 →a draft for $900

at this time →now due to the fact that →because

④使用简单易懂、口语化的词汇：

例如：a. We hope you would be able to place an order for women’s skirts with us.

b. We are very pleased to receive your inquiry of May.

c. Your price is indeed too high.

5 信函要礼貌得体，即便对方提出不合理要求也要做到谦逊有礼，耐心解释处理

此外，不能让客户久等回函，应及时回复。

例如：

Thank you for your letter of 20 May, and we take the pleasure of sending you our latest catalog. We wish to draw your attention to a special offer which we have made in it.

You will be particularly interested in a special offer on page 5 of the latest catalog enclosed, which you requested in your letter of 20 May.

6 换位思考，考虑客户要求和感受等，从对方的角度去处理问题

例如：a. “You earn 4 percent discount when you pay cash. We will send you the brochure tomorrow.”

b. “We allow 4 percent discount for cash payment. We won’t be able to send you the brochure today.”

前者比后者更好。

7 注意惯用词汇的使用

例如：offer 本意是“提供、提出”之意，而在外贸英语中则表示“报盘”。cover 原意是“覆盖”，而在这里是指保险业务中的“投保”。（a.They cover All Risks.b.We cover the goods for 120% above invoice value.）

8 专业词汇与缩略词的使用

专业词汇是指某一行业或领域所特有的专门术语，有较高的专业化程度；缩略词是指为节约时间而使用的缩写和简称。例如：F.A.Q.（表“大陆货” ），invoice(表“发票” )，terms（条款，条件），All Risks（一切险），favourable price(优惠价格)；CIF（到岸价）,L/C(Letter of Credit),attention(办理)。

参考文献

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[2] 宋峙、林子通.商贸英语——涉外商贸应用文写作，上海科学技术文献出版社.2000（7）.

[3] 方春祥.外贸函电.中国人民大学出版社.2005

[4] 诸葛霖.外贸业务英文函电.对外经济贸易大学出版社.1997