动名词的用法总结

2024-07-02 版权声明 我要投稿

动名词的用法总结(共11篇)

动名词的用法总结 篇1

They’ve done what they can to help her. 他们已经尽力帮助了她。

He saves what he earns. 他赚多少,积蓄多少。

What Mary is is the secretary. 玛丽的职务是秘书。

2.表示“……的人或的样子”:

He is no longer what he was. 他已经不是以前的那个样子。

He is what is generally called a traitor. 他就是人们通常所说的叛徒。

Who is it that has made Fred what he is now? 是谁把弗雷德培养成现在这个样子的?

3.表示“……的.数量或数目”:

Our income is now double what it was ten years ago. 我们现在的收入是前的两倍。

The number of the students in our school is ten times what it was before liberation. 现在我校学生的数量是解放前的10倍。

4.表示“……的时间”:

After what seemed like hours he came out with a bitter smile. 似乎过了几个小时他才苦笑着出来。

The young girl was too frightened to speak, standing there for what seemed like hours. 小女孩吓得不敢说话,在那儿站了几个小时。

5.表示“……的地方”:

This is what they call Salt Lake City. 这就是他们称为盐湖城的地方。(from www.yygrammar.com)

动名词的用法总结 篇2

如:

1.Taking a walk after supper is good for your health.晚饭后散散步对你的健康有益。 (作主语)

2.My favorite sport is skating.我最喜欢的运动是滑冰。 (作表语)

3.Chinese people usually start preparing for the Spring Festival one month before it comes.中国人常常在春节到来之前一个月开始为其作准备。 (作宾语)

4.She is good at playing the piano, 她擅长于弹钢琴。 (作介词宾语)

在英语学习中, 动名词的使用应注意以下几点:

一、 在介词后必须用动名词作宾语

如:

1.Thank you for inviting me to your party.谢谢你邀请我参加你的聚会。

2.He left here without saying anything.他什么也没说就离开了这儿。

二、在常见的动词finish, suggest, enjoy, stop, mind, avoid, can't help (禁不住) , practise, advise, delay等之后只用动名词作宾语, 而不用动词不定式作宾语。

如:

1.Would you mind sitting here?我坐这儿你介意吗?

2.She couldn't help crying when she heard the bad news.当她听到这坏消息时, 她忍不住哭了。

三、在一些少数动词后既可跟动名词作宾语, 也可跟动词不定式作宾语, 但意义上有明显的区别。

试比较:

I remember seeing her once somewhere.我记得在哪里见过她。 (动名词表示已发生的动作)

I must remember to take an umbrella with me.我得记住带雨伞。 (动词不定式表示未发生的动作)

I forgot closing the windows.我忘记已经关上窗户了。 (动名词表示已发生的动作)

Don't forget to close the windows when you leave the classroom.离开教室时别忘记关上窗子. (动词不定式表示未发生的动作)

I regret not having accepted your advice.我后悔没听你的劝告。 (动名词表示已经发生的动作)

I regret to say l haven't given your enough help.我遗憾地说没给你足够的帮助。 (动词不定式表示即将发生的动作)

The house needs cleaning.房子需要打扫。 (动名词表示被动意义)

She doesn't need to come.她不需要来。 (动词不定式表示主动意义)

He likes playing football.他喜欢踢足球。 (动名词表示一般倾向或习惯爱好)

He doesn't like to play football today.他今天不想踢足球。 (动词不定式表示具体的某次行为动作)

Let's go on doing our work.咱们继续做工作吧。 (动名词表示接着做与原来相同的事)

Let's go on to read the story.我们接着读这个故事吧。 (动词不定式表示接着做与原来不同的另一件事

四、在begin, start动词后面如果表示有意识的“开始”用动名词作宾语, 否则用动词不定式作宾语。

如:

The factory began making the machine in l984.这个工厂1984年开始制造这种机器。 (动名词表示有意识的动作)

We started working on it in l970.我们是1970年开始这项工作的。 (动名词表示有意识的动作)

I began to realize I had been wrong。我开始意识到我错了。 (动词不定式表示无意识的动作)

Suddenly it started to rain.突然天开始下起了雨。 (动词不定式表示无意识的动作)

英语中动名词的主要用法 篇3

一、动名词作主语

动名词的一个明显标志就是动词后有-ing后缀。 动名词作主语表示抽象概念或泛指动作,如某种行为,爱好,活动,职业等,此时谓语动词使用单数形式。

动名词可以直接作主语置于句首,也可以用it作形式主语,而把真正作主语的动名词后置,二者没有太大区别。如:Walking around in a city is rather tiring;It is no good helping him或者说,He does not help himself. 但形容词important和necessary不宜采用形式主语的结构,如It's important learning foreign languages的说法是不恰当的。另外,作主语的动名词与不定式是有区别的,作主语的动名词通常指一个抽象的动作,而作主语的不定式通常指某一次具体的动作。例如:It is no use regretting中的regretting指抽象动作。

二、动名词作表语

动名词作表语时,可以和主语互换位置。作表语的动名词可表示职业, 爱好, 活动, 行为。例如:1.My favourite sport is going hiking;2.His job is teaching English in the senior middle school. 这两个句子be动词后面的部分是表语,系动词是is 、am 、are,行为动词是除了be动词之外的动词。动名词就是动词加了ing之后作名词用。这里要注意的是,不能把动名词看作进行时态的标志,因为动名词已经转化为名词了,它前面的be 是系动词。如第1例中,不是说“我正在远足”,而是说“远足这项运动是我最喜欢或者爱好的内容”。第2例中teaching说的是一种职业,只有动词才有时态的变化。

三、动名词作定语

动名词作定语时,用来说明被修饰名词的性质,身份,用途等,常有以下几种用法:(1)单独做定语,通常放在所修饰的词前。例如:running car;(2)动名词短语作定语放在所修饰的词的后面,意思和定语从句差不多。例如 :Tell the children playing outside not to make too much noise. = Tell the children who are playing outside not to make too much noise.(3)动名词可作为非限制性定语,常用逗号与前后部分隔开。例如:Tom, wearing beautiful clothes, followed me down the hill. = Tom, who is wearing beautiful clothes, followed me down the hill.(4)动名词可以和副词或名词构成复合词作定语。例如:This is an English-speaking country。

四、动名词作宾语

动名词作宾语时,可作及物动词和介词的宾语。

以下动词后只能接动名词作宾语:

(1)“考虑、建议、盼原谅”:consider;suggest/advise;look forward to;excuse/parden。

(2)“承认、推迟、没的想”:admit;delay/put off;fancy。

(3)“避免、错过、继续练”:avoid;miss;keep/keep on;practise。

(4)“否认、完成、停欣赏”:deny;finish;stop;enjoy/appreciate。

(5)“不禁、介意、准逃亡”:cannot help;mind;allow/permit;escape。

(6)“想象、禁止、去冒险”:imagine;forbid;risk。

以下介词后要接动名词:be used to, lead to , devote to , stick to , object to, get down to, pay attention to , cannot stand, give up , feel like , insist on, thank sb for, apologize to sb for, be busy in , have difficulty in , have a good time in , depend on , be proud of , think of , hear of , dream of, set about, stop/prevent/keep from。

以下动词后可接动名词和不定式作宾语,两者意义区别不大 attempt, begin/start, continue, like, love , hate , prefer 等。

有些动词后接动名词和接不定式的意义完全不同,如:forget to do/forget doing忘记去做/忘了做过;remember to do /remember doing记住去做/记得做过;regret to do/regret doing 遗憾地做/后悔做过某事;mean to do/mean doing打算做/意味着;stop to do /stop doing停下某一动作去做另一动作/停止做某事;try to do /try doing努力去做/试着做;cannot help to do/cannot help doing不能帮忙做/禁不住做。

五、动名词的否定形式

动名词的否定形式,在其前面加not,句中带有逻辑主语时not加在逻辑主语与v-ing 之间。

Not passing the exam made him upset. 没有通过考试使他难过。

His not coming home on time made his parents worried.他没按时回家使他父母感到担心。

六、动名词的复合结构

动名词的用法总结 篇4

the bastketball is mine. 这个篮球是我的。

the pe teacher bought five footballs yesterday. 体育老师昨天买了五个足球。

this is my volleyball, not yours. 这是我的排球,不是你的。

2. 若把“篮球”“足球”“排球”等看成一种体育活动,则为不可数名词,且一般不与限定词连用。如:

they all like to play basketball. 他们都喜欢打篮球。

football is my favourite game. 足球是我最喜欢的体育项目。

our school defeated that school at football. 我们学校和那个学校赛足球赛赢了。

the english style of football is so different than ours. 英式足球和我们的足球是那样不同。

i don’t play football now, but i did play a lot when i was younger. 我现在不踢足球,但我年轻时踢得可不少。

动名词的用法总结 篇5

1. 基本变化规则

①一般在名词后加s,变成复数。如boy→boys, pen→pens等。

②以s, x, sh, ch结尾的,在后面加es。如class→classes, fox→foxes, brush→brushes, watch→watches。但stomach的复数为stomachs。

③“以辅音字母+y”结尾的,y变为i,然后再加es。如baby→babies。

④以f或fe结尾的名词英语中共有100多个,其中直接加s的有92个,但这些绝大多数不常用,如safe, roof, belief等;把f或fe改为v, 再加es的只有13个,但13个都是常用的名词,如thief, life, wife, shelf, self, knife, half, leaf, wolf等。

⑤以o结尾的名词,除有生命的“两人两物”negro, hero, tomato, potato等少数在后面加es外,一般是在后面直接加s。如kilo→kilos, photo→photos, zoo→zoos, radio→radios, piano→pianos, video→videos。

2. 不规则变化

名词单数变复数的不规则变化要注意以下几点:

①含man的名词,一般变man为men。如woman→women, policeman→policemen, englishman→englishmen。但german→germans。

②将oo改为ee的有foot→feet, tooth→teeth, goose→geese等。

③复数以en结尾的有child→children, ox→oxen等。

④将ouse改为ice的有mouse→mice, louse→lice(虱子)等。

名词用法面面谈 篇6

名词分为可数名词和不可数名词。可数名词有单数与复数之分。

1. 常见的单复数同形的名词有:deer,fish,sheep,means,chinese,japanese,swiss 等,它们作主语时,谓语动词的单复数要视它们在句子中的意义来决定。

2. 既可作可数名词,也可作不可数名词,但其含义有所不同。如:beauty 作可数名词时,意为“美人”;作不可数名词时,意为“美;美丽之处”。change 作可数名词时,意为“变化”;作不可数名词时,意为“零钱”。green 作可数名词时,意为“草地;草场”;作不可数名词时,意为“绿色”等。

3. 某些表示特定意义的名词,常用复数形式。如 ashes (灰烬),brains (智力;脑力),compasses (圆规),glasses (眼镜),games (运动会),manners (礼貌),mountains (山脉),sands (沙滩),spirits (情绪),stairs (阶梯),things (情况)等。

注意:

( 1 ) glasses,shoes,trousers,shorts,compasses 等单独使用时,作复数看待;当前面有 pair of 等修饰时,谓语动词的单复数则由 pair 等的单复数来决定。如:

this pair of trousers is too short .

( 2 ) manners (礼貌)作表语时,主语常用 it 来指代。如:

it is good / bad manners to do that .

( 3 )在某些固定短语中,名词常用复数形式。如: give lessons to (给……上课),have words with sb (与某人吵嘴),in other words ( 换句话说 ),out of doors (在户外),owe thanks to sb for (为……而感谢某人),take turns (依次;轮流)等。

4. 形式上为单数但意义上为复数的名词有: cattle (牛),people ( 人民 ),police (警察)等。

注意: a people 表示“一个民族”,其相应的复数是 peoples .

5. 形式上是复数但意义上为单数的名词有: news (消息),politics (政治),maths (数学)等。

6. 既可表示单数意义,又可表示复数意义的集体名词有: army,class,club,crew,family,group,nation,population,school,team 等。

7. 几种特殊的名词复数形式

( 1 )以 o 结尾的名词的复数形式通常要加 -es .如: negroes,heroes,potatoes,tomatoes 等。但 bamboo,kilo,piano,radio,zoo 等词变复数时,直接在词尾加 -s .

( 2 )以 f 或 fe 结尾的名词,须将 f 或 fe 变为 v 后再加 -es .如: wives,knives,wolves,thieves,loaves 等。但 serf,chief,belief,safe,gulf,roof,proof 等词变复数时,直接在词尾加 -s .

( 3 )有些名词变复数时,要改变元(辅)音字母。如 man / woman men / women [ ] ; mouse  mice ; foot,goose,tooth feet, geese,teeth ; phenomenon phenomena 等。

注意: german 和 human 变复数时,只在词尾加 -s .

( 4 )其他特殊形式。如: child children ; ox  oxen 等。

8. 复合名词的复数形式有以下三种情况:

( 1 )如果复合名词中有一个主体名词,则只须将主体名词变为复数。如 comrade - in arms comrades - in - arms,daughter - in - law daughters - in -law 等。

( 2 )如果复合名词中没有主体名词,则要在这个复合名词的最后一个词后加 -s .如 grown -up grown -ups,film -goer film -goers,go -between go-betweens 等。

( 3 )由 man 或 woman 构成的复合名词,须把两个名词均变为复数。如: woman astronaut women astronauts,man servant men servants 等。

9. 有些抽象名词在转化为普通名词后具有可数性,表示一种、一类或一次,其前可用形容词来修饰。如 a good education ( 良好的教育 ),a rich dinner (一顿丰盛的晚餐),a deep interest ( 浓厚的兴趣 ) 等。

二 . 名词的格

1. 当名词是人名或是表有生命的东西时,其所有格一般在词尾加’s .如 li ping’s diary,the dog’s food,the teacher’s arrival,napoleon’s defeat 等。但要注意:

( 1 )以 -s 结尾的专有名词的所有格一般在名词后加“’”或 -s .如 engels’ / engels’s works,dickens’ / dickens’s novels 等。

( 2 )以 -s 或 -es 结尾的复数名词的所有格只需在这个名词后加“’”。如 the teachers’ reading room (教师阅览室)等。

( 3 )在表“某人家”或“店铺”的名词所有格后一般省略这个名词所有格所修饰的名词。如 my uncle’s (我叔叔家),the tailor’s (裁缝店)等。

2. 某些表示时间、距离、国家、城市、团体、重量等的名词,其所有格也可用 ’s 来表示。如 today’s newspaper,the party’s policy,a pound’s weight 等。

3. 如果某物为两者所共有,只需在后一个名词词尾加 ’s ;否则,须在两个名词词尾都加 ’s .如 jim and tom’s room (吉姆和汤姆共有的房间),jim’s and tom’s rooms (吉姆和汤姆各自的房间)等。

4. “ of + 名词”结构多用于表示无生命的名词,但如果有生命的名词较长或其后有短语或定语从句修饰,也可用“ of + 名词”结构。如 the door of our classroom,the story of president george washington 等。

5. 双重所有格。在表示所属物的名词之前有冠词、数词、不定代词或指示代词时,常用“ of + 所有格(包括名词性物主代词)”的形式来表示带感情色彩的所有关系。试比较: a picture of lao li’s (老李所有照片中的一张照片),a picture of lao li (一张老李的照片)。

三 . 名词的句法功能

名词在句子中可充当许多成分,如主语、宾语、表语、宾补、主补、同位语、状语、独立成分或定语等。这里着重谈谈名词作定语。

1. 名词作定语通常表示以下几种情况:

( 1 )中心词的用途或功能。如 a coffee cup (一个咖啡杯),a shoe shop (一间鞋店)等。

( 2 )中心词的材料。如 a stone bridge (一座石桥),a gold watch (一块金表)等。

( 3 )中心词的范围或对象。如 a bike key (一把自行车钥匙),an animal trainer (一名训兽员)等。

( 4 )中心词的类别或身份。如 a league member (一名团员),a woman engineer (一名女工程师)等。

( 5 )中心词的时间和地点。如 an evening paper (一份晚报),london university (伦敦大学)等。

2. man 和 woman 作定语时应注意其单复数形式的变化。如 a man doctor - men doctors ( 男医生 ),a woman engineer - women engineers (女工程师)等。

3. 某些名词如 sports,goods,clothes,sales 等作定语时只用其复数形式。如 a sports car (一辆跑车),a sales manager (一位销售经理)等。

4. 名词作定语与所有格作定语的区别。试比较:

girl friend (女朋友)— the girl’s friend (那位女孩的朋友)

woman driver (女司机)— the woman’s driver (那位妇女的司机)

注意:若前后两个名词都是物时,一般不用’s 所有格形式。如:

my brother takes care of the vegetable garden .

动名词的用法总结 篇7

1.在以下动词后,只能跟不定式作宾语。如:agree,ask,aim,arrange,choose,decide,demand,expect,fail,help,hope,lean,long,manage,offer,plan,prepare,pretend,promise,refuse,wish等,这些词大部分可接that引导的从句。如:

(1)I decided to ask for my money back.

(2)I decided that I would ask for my money back.

(3)When our visit to the farm was over,we expected to start back on foot.

(4)When our visit to the farm was over,we expected that we would start back on foot.

2.当复合宾语中的宾语是不定式时,先用形式宾语it代替不定式,把不定式置于补语之后,即主语+动词+it+补语+to do句式。如:

(1)We think it quite important for us to learn a foreign language well.

(2)He feels it his duty to help the poor.

3.介词but,except,besides+to do(do)。在这种句型中,如介词前有动词do,后面应接不带to的不定式;如无do,则接to不定式,即带do不带to,带to不带do。如:

(1)The enemy soldiers had no choice but to give in.

(2)On Sunday afternoon I had nothing to do but watch TV.

二、动名词作宾语

1.在以下动词后,只能接动名词作宾语,如:admit,appreciate,consider,delay,enjoy,finish,keep,imagine,mind,miss,practise,resist,risk,save,suggest,don’t mind,give up,insist,on,put off等。如:

(1)I suggest spending our summer vacation in a seaside town.

(2)You must give up smoking,for it does too much harm to your health.

2.动名词作介词的宾语。如:

(1)I should go to attend the birthday celebration instead o staying at home.

(2)What about inviting Li Jun to make a speech?

动名词前的介词有时可以省略,如:have difficulty(in)doing,have no trouble(in)doing,lose no time(in)doing,prevent/stop...(from)doing,there is no use(in)doing等。

3.部分动词后面,既可接动词不定式,也可接动名词作宾语,意义不变。如:begin,continue,start,hate,like,love,need,require,want等。

在need,require,want后接-ing形式,表示被动意义,也可接不定式,但要用被动形式,如:Your handwriting needs improving(to be improved).hate,love,like接不定式表示特定的未来事件,接动名词表示目前正在进行的活动或一般的行为。

在下列情况下,一般要用不定式:

(1)hate,like,love前有would(should)时,如:I’d like to have a cup of coffee.

(2)当谓语动词begin,continue,start等是进行式时,如:The students are starting to work on the difficult maths problem.

(3)begin,continue,start与know,understand等状态动词连用时,如:I soon began to understand what was happening.

4.advise,allow,encourage,forbid,permit等动词后接动名词作宾语,或带不定式作宾语补足语。如:

(1)Our teachers don’t permit our swimming in the lake.

(2)Our teachers don’t permit us to swim in the lake.

5.部分动词后接不定式或动名词时,意义差别较大,应根据句子语境选择使用。

5.1 forget,remember,regret后接不定式,表示现在或未来的动作,接动名词表示动作已经发生。如:

(1)Don’t forget to post the letter for me.

(2)Have you forgotten meeting her in Beijing Airport?

(3)Remember to close the windows before you leave.

(4)I remember writing him a letter a year ago.

(5)We regret to tell you that all of you are not invited toattend the meeting.

(6)They regretted ordering these books from abroad.

5.2 mean to do打算做某事;mean doing意味着……,如:

(1)I meant to catch up with the early bus.

(2)This means wasting a lot of money.

5.3 try to do设法尽力做某事;try doing试着做某事,如:

(1)You should try to overcome your shortcomings.

(2)Try working out the physics problem in another way.

5.4 stop to do停下一件事去做另一件事(不定式作目的状语);stop doing停止做某事,如:

(1)On the way to the airport,I stopped to buy a paper.

(2)You’d better stop arguing and do as you are told.

5.5 can’t help doing禁不住……;can’t help to do不能帮助干……,如:

(1)They couldn’t help jumping up at the news.

(2)Sorry I have lots of work to do.So I can’t help to make up the room for you.

5.6 go on to do做不同的事或不同内容的事;go on doing继续不停地做某事,指同一动作的继续,如:

(1)He went on to talk about world situation.

(2)We’ll go on fighting so long as there is oppression in the world.

5.7 leave off to do离开某地去干什么(目的状语);leave off doing停下某事,如:

(1)It’s time to leave off talking and to start acting.

副词作名词的用法 篇8

[副词用作主语]

在某些有限的语境中,一些在句子中通常起状语作用的副词可充当主语,相当于一个名词,有的甚至已经兼具名词词性,表示时间、地点或方式。

Now is the time/moment to tell them the truth. 现在是告诉他们真相的时候了。

Today will be fine. (= It/The weather will be fine today.) 今天天气将会不错。

Tomorrow is when it would be most convenient. 明天是最合适的时间。

Here was where the accident took place. 正是在这里发生的那次事故。

Home is where your family and friends are. 家是亲属与友人之所在。

Together is how mountains are moved. Together is how small people make a big difference. 团结一致可移山。团结能使小人物有大不同。

Carefully/Slowly/Gently/Easy does it. 小心就行/慢慢来/慢点吧/悠着点。(注意:该结构句首的作主语的方式副词不能用介词短语替换,谓语部分的does it的形式也不可改变。比如:不可说With care does it或Carefully did it。)

起主语作用的副词看作单数,并且根据句子所要表达的含义,某些作主语的副词可以拓展为一个名词短语或非限定动词结构,如:

Out on the lake will be splendid. (=A trip out on the lake will be splendid.) 到湖上去一定棒极了。

Slowly is exactly how he speaks. (=Speaking slowly is exactly how he speaks.) 慢条斯理(地讲话)恰恰是他讲话的方式。

[副词用作介词宾语]

“副词名用”的典型情况是副词用作介词的宾语。英语中有相当一部分表示时间和地点的副词可以用作特定介词的宾语,再由二者构成的介词短语充当句子中的状语或表语成分。

1. 时间副词用作介词宾语

Sonia should be home by/before now. Do you think she’s had an accident? 索尼亚这个时候应该到家了,你说她会不会出什么事了?

That’s enough talk for now. Take a break and we’ll try again after lunch. 暂时说到这里。休息一下,我们午饭后再继续。

I hope we will have finished by/before then. 我希望到那时/还不到那时我们就已经做完了。

She had a sort of breakdown some years ago, and since then she has been very shy. 几年前她精神崩溃,从此一直很怕见人。

Three days from now/today Hinton will be executed. 三天后欣顿将被处死。

Where so many people fail is in their inability to look beyond yesterday and today. 那么多人之所以失败,是因为他们的眼光只局限于昨天和今天。

He didn’t receive the recognition he deserved until late in life. 他直到晚年才获得他应得的荣誉。

有时,时间副词前面会有一个状语,再由二者作为一个整体充当介词宾语。如:

My parents met during the war but didn’t marry till five years afterwards. 我父母在战争期间相识,但他们5年之后才结婚。

He was until quite/very recently the most powerful banker in the city. 直到最近他一直是这座城市里最有势力的银行家。

时间副词用作介词宾语的常见结构还有:from long ago很久之前,(up) till now/until now/up to now 到目前为止,until/till then直到那时,from now on/as of now从现在开始,from then on从那时开始,for long 长久地、长期地,at once立刻、同时。

例1 If you Jerry Brown until recently, you’d think the photograph on the right was strange.

A. shouldn’t contact B. didn’t contact

C. weren’t to contact D. hadn’t contacted

解析 D。考查混合时态的虚拟语气,条件句与过去事实相反,故用过去完成时态,而A、B、C项皆为表示与将来相反时if条件句中的谓语形式。其中,until recently属于“介词+副词”构成的介词短语,表示“直到近来”。

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例2 —Hi, Jack! When did you arrive in Berlin?

—Last weekend. I a different culture since then.

A. was experiencing

B. will be experiencing

C. have been experiencing

D. had been experiencing

解析 C。考查时态,根据句末的时间状语可知,此处表示的是一个从过去持续至现在的连续性动作,所以用现在完成进行时。其中,since then属于“介词+副词”构成的介词短语,表示“自从那时”。

例3 He said in his letter that he was going to visit China and he had had the idea .

A. long before; before long

B. before long; long before

C. before long; soon

D. before long; before long

解析 B。两个空缺处均缺少状语。前一句是将来时,所以用“不久之后”,后一句是过去完成时,所以用“很久以前”。其中,before long属于“介词+副词”构成的介词短语,表示“不久之后”。

2. 地点副词用作介词宾语

The house was near a park but there was a road in between. 房子在一处公园附近,但两者之间隔着一条马路。

From where shall we start and up to where shall we go? 我们要从何处动身,到何处去?

You can have the meeting anywhere but/except downstairs/upstairs. 除了楼下/楼上,你们在哪儿开会都行。

I know there’s a mouse in/under there somewhere. 我知道在那里/在那下面的什么地方有只老鼠。

能接here/there作宾语的常见介词还有:along, down, near, (a)round, through和up等。另外,用作介词宾语的地点副词常与表示动作起点或来源的from搭配。如:

The new manager came from above. 新来的经理是从上级公司来的。

They are all students returning from abroad. 他们都是海归学子。

Most applications came from overseas. 申请大部分来自海外。

Working in collusion, one from within and the other from without, they created pandemonium. 他们里应外合,把时局搞得乌烟瘴气。

有时,地点副词前面会有一个状语,再由二者作为一个整体充当介词宾语。如:

They are all neighbors from round about. 他们都是周围的街坊邻里。

地点副词用作介词宾语的常见结构还有:from afar从远处,from downstairs/upstairs从楼下/楼上,from inside/outside从里面/外面,from below/beneath从下面,from indoors/outdoors从室内/室外。

例4 Our house is about a mile from the railway station and there are not many houses .

A. in between B. far apart

C. among them D. from each other

解析 A。空缺的位置缺少状语。句意:我们的房子离火车站大约一英里,而且在它们之间没有许多房子。其中,in between属于“介词+副词”构成的介词短语,表示“在……之间”。

例5 I truly believe beauty comes from within.

A. that B. where C. what D. why

解析 A。宾语从句部分不缺少任何成分,因此用that。句意:我真的相信美丽源自内心。其中,from within属于“介词+副词”构成的介词短语,表示“从内心、从里面”。

英语名词可数性用法说明 篇9

1.2.可数名词前可以直接用不定冠词修饰,而不可数名词前不可以直接用不定冠词修饰。3.可数名词可以在前面直接加数词表示数量,而不可数名词不能直接在前面用数词表示数量,若要表示数量需要用a piece of之类的结构。4.可数名词前可用 each, either, neither, another, these, those, both,(a)few, several, many, a great / good many, a large number of, scores of, dozens of等修饰,但不可数名词前不可用这些修饰语;不可数名词前可用(a)little, much, a bit of, a great deal of, a large amount of等修饰,但可数名前不能用这些词修饰;不过,可数名词和不可数名词前均可用some, any, half, most, all, a lot of, lots of, plenty of, a large quantity of, quantities of等修饰。

【实例分析】1.He gained his ________ by ________ of famous writers.(全国卷)

A.wealth;workB.wealths;works

C.wealths;workD.wealth;works

【分析】答案选D。wealth是不可数名词,没有复数形式,排除B和C;虽然work作“工作”解是不可数名词,但指一个作家的全部“作品、著作”解时通常用复数形式。

2.I need ________ cloth, for I’m hoping to make ________ clothes.(上海卷)

A.a lot of;manyB.much;much

C.many;manyD.many;a lot

动名词的用法总结 篇10

information的意思是“信息,消息; 资料; 情报”,是不可数名词,没有复数形式,如果“一则消息”可以说a piece of information,“许多信息”是many pieces of information。也可作“知识”解,其后常接介词on〔about, concerning〕。

information还可作“通知,告知”解,是不可数名词。

名词的用法与高考常考考点 篇11

一、名词的用法

1. 作主语

Health problems are closely connected with bad eating habits. 健康问题与不良的饮食习惯息息相关。

Self-Confidence is the key to success. 自信是成功的关键。

2. 作表语

It is no use arguing with Mary because she will never change her mind. 与玛丽争辩是没有用的,因为她从来不会改变主意。

3. 作动词的宾语

At the meeting they discussed three different approaches to the study of mathematics. 在会上,他们讨论了三种不同的数学学习方法。

4. 作介词的宾语

School children must be taught how to deal with dangerous situations. 必须教会学生如何处理危险情况。

He made a promise to his parents that he would try to earn his own living after graduation. 他对父母许下诺言,毕业后自己谋生。

5. 作定语

多数情况下名词用单数形式作定语

Sorry,I am not a chemistry teacher, but an English teacher. 对不起,我不是化学老师,而是英语老师。

又如,a shoe shop /a film star / winter holiday / street lamps / village people / a stone bridge / heart attack 鞋店/电影明星/寒假/街灯/村民/石桥/心脏病发作

▲注意

(1)man和woman作定语:其单复数形式与所修饰的单复数保持一致,常用“单单(a woman teacher)复复(two men nurses)。”

(2)但有些名词需要用复数形式作定语:a sports meeting运动会,a clothes shop服装店,a sales manager销售经理。

(3)在表示时间、地点、距离、团体和机构等的名词作定语时要使用名词所有格形式:five minutes walk步行五分钟的路程,todays newspaper今天的报纸。

6. 作同位语

Mr. Black, our new history teacher, is friendly to us. 布莱克先生,我们的新历史老师,对我们很友好。

We students need to be honest in having exams. 我们学生在考试中要诚实。

7. 作状语

We dont have any classes Sundays. 星期天我们不上课。

二、考点点拨

在全国卷中,名词方面的考点主要体现在语法填空和短文改错中,考查名词的用法、名词的单复数、不可数名词的用法特点和名词的所有格。

1. 下列词修饰名词时,名词都要用复数形式:many, several, a few, one and half, one / each of..., a pile of, a series of, a group of,a hand of, these, those, both, all,以及大于一的数词等。

2. 在下列词组中名词要用复数形式:burst into tears, best wishes / regards to sb(向某人问侯), shake hands with, make friends with,in low/high spirits(以很高热情地), bad / good manners(无 / 有礼貌), in the 1990s, take turns, by turns, by means of, hurt ones feelings, have / take lessons, in rags(衣衫破烂), in ones eyes, thanks to等。

3. in+ones+基数词的复数形式,表示“在某人几十多岁时”。例如:in his fifties在他五十多岁时。

4. tens of, dozens of, scores of, hundreds of, thousands of, millions of, billions of等短语后面也接复数形式。

5. 只有复数形式的名词有trousers, clothes, socks, shorts, goods, thanks, congratulations, belongings, scissors, glasses, wages(工资),riches(财富),surroundings(环境),ashes(灰尘),compasses(圆规)等。

6. 下列名词都没有复数形式:fun, advice, information, news, health, wealth, progress, weather, nature, music, clothing , furniture, equipment, baggage, housework, homework, traffic, laughter等。

7. 抽象名词surprise, cold, pleasure, pity, failure, success, knowledge, honor具体化为可数名词时,其前面通常用不定冠词,如:He was a success. 他是个成功的人。

三、真题练习

语法:

1. (2016年I卷)Chengdu has dozens of new millionaires, Asias biggest building, and fancy new hotels. But for tourists like me, pandas are its top________ (attract).

2.(2016年I卷)The nursery team switches him every few________ (day) with his sister.

3. (2016年Ⅱ卷)Then,handle the most important tasks first so youll feel a real sense of ________ (achieve).

4.(2016年Ⅱ卷)Recent ________ (study)show that we are far more productive at work if we take short breaks regularly.

5.(2016年Ⅲ卷)Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius, who lived from roughly 551 to 479 B.C., influenced the ________ (develop) of chopsticks.

6.(2015年I卷)Id skipped nearby Guilin, a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River which are pictured by artists in so many Chinese ________ (painting).

7.(2014年I卷)While there are amazing stories of instant transformation, for most of us the ________(change)are gradual and require a lot of effort and work, like cleaning up a polluted river.

改错:

1.(2016年I卷)My uncle tells me that the key to his success is honest.

2.(2016年Ⅲ卷)The teenage year from 13 to 19 were the most difficult time for me.

3.( 1206年Ⅱ卷)If we go on a trip abroad, we can broaden our view and gain knowledges.

4.(2015年I卷)The airs we breathe in is getting dirtier and dirtier.

参考答案与解析:

语法:

1. attraction 指“吸引人的事物”, 名词作表语,

2. days 空格前有few 修饰,故day用复数。

3. achievement 作介词of的宾语,用名词。

4. studies 由show可知主语为复数。

5. development作动词influenced的宾语,用名词。

6. paintings 因受many修饰,要用复数形式。

7. changes 名词作主语,由are可知,要用复数形式changes。

改错:

1. honest改为honesty,名词作表语。

2. 表示从“13到19岁”这几年,year为可数名词,故year应改为复数形式years。

3. knowledge意为“知识”,是不可数名词,没有复数形式,故改knowledges为knowledge。

4. 因air是不可数名词,没有复数形式,故改airs为 air。

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