英文文学诗

英文文学诗（通用8篇）

英文文学诗 篇1

Just like a cloud, Floating

And oscillating lonely in the welkin, Wanna find a cave, To foist herself in.She knows There waiting Is a dolce fairy.Whose smile is so sweety, And voice so dulcie

To drive away all the profane apparitions She’ll hearken

No matter what you are telling.Far from hullabaloo, Far from intricacy.But Manito warns her, Go back，Too tiny are those caves, To imbosom you.No tears, No doldrums.Just head up high, In a distant place, A motte liege She believes, Is there waiting,whose arms are so strong, And metsuke so tender, To treib away all the ferocious devil.He’ll sopite，No matter what you are worriting.Far from la polvere, Far from melancholy.But

Manito alarms her, Go back，Too vast are those mottes, To shugo you.Oh, My spirit，Your fairy being far from you, And so your liege.When you feel sorrowful and helpless，Whose shoulders can you lean on? What should you do? And

英文文学诗 篇2

Robert Lee Frost(1874-1963)is an American poet,a lyrical poet,and an authentic painter of local landscape.He was the most popular American poet from 1914 to his death.He won the Pulitzer Prize four times,received commendations by the American Academy of Arts and Letters and the poetry society of America respectively in 1938 and 1941,received honorary degrees from forty-four colleges and universities and became the nation’s unofficial Poet laureate when he was invited to read“The Gift Outright”at the inauguration of President John F.Kennedy in 1961.

Frost’s poetry is always a delightful experience to read.On the surface,his poems are very simple,but they are in fact profound and meaningful if considering them over and over,because most of his poems are endowed with philosophical meanings.Frost’s favorite subject matter was New England life and farming.But underneath the description of country life,there is often a deeper and wider meaning,some experience or truth about life itself.

2 Wisdom and Insights between Simple Lines

Frost was politically conservative,showing indifference to immediate political event either national or international,which left his verse unruffled.He stood aside from the literary movements of20th century since he showed little interest in experimentation in form.Yet he stood aloft among his contemporary poet,because of his modern thematic concern.In his poems he managed to construct a momentary stay against confusion.The New England landscape he portrayed in his poems reflects the fragmentation of modern society.The grotesque characters under his pen reveal the tension of modern life and alienation among modern people.He also wrote about something universal,about death and life,love and hate,war and peace,the good and the evil,for which his generally regarded as a poet of philosophy.

2.1 On human beings and nature

“Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Night”is perhaps the bes known of all his poems.Louis Untermeyer,American critic and poet,says that such a poem once in the mind of a reader will never leave it.Another critic calls this poem the supreme example o“Mr.Frost’s ability to enter into the life of nature.”As one o Frost’s most important writings,this poem is mainly a picture or an episode set within the picture.In classic Chinese landscape poems,a picture within a poem or a poem within a picture is not only the pursuit of the poet but also interesting and enjoyable for the reader.“Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Night”is also a good example for comparing American with Chinese poems of this type.

The basic image of this poem is a snowy scene that the speaker views and a series of implicit questions that the scene causes“Woods”in this poem stands for nature.Not all readers who like this poem are aware that this poem suggests deep thought abou death and about life.The strange attraction of death to man is symbolized by the dark woods silently filled up with the coldness o snow.The poem opens with the first question,who own the wood?The speaker seems uncertain about the owner,for he uses the linguistic hedge“I think”to moderate his statement“I know whose woods these are”.Symbolism is one of the techniques mos frequently used in Frost’s poetry.Some critics say that horse in this stanza stands for the animal world,symbolizing a king of life that does not understand man’s action.

The speaker begins the second stanza by mentioning that his horse is unaccustomed to stopping without a reason.Accordingly,another implicit question is raised:why does he stop?Or what attracts him?The hedge“must”in the first line indicates that the horse can really consider the man’s reason for stopping.It was not the horse but the man the was feeling“queer”,which is“saying one thing in terms of another”.

The third stanza continues the inquiry of the second one,and in a more direct way.The horse seems to“ask if there is some mistake”In this stanza the speaker emphasizes the stillness of the night,the isolation and privacy of the moment,It was so still that he could“hear”ever the“easy wind“flowing and the“downy flake”falling,Tension begins to build up in the speaker’s mind:though he seems to enjoy the still night,he also feels doubtful momentarily,as to what he is doing and what he is going to do.

The fourth stanza summarizes the implications of the details in the preceding stanzas.It seems that the speaker there answers the question why he stopped by the woods and by the snowy night.Three adjectives(lovely,dark and deep)in the first line of this stanza reinforce one another,not only do they present tow different aspects of nature,but they also reveal the speaker’s contradictory attitude towards nature.

This poem is well unified and coherent.It has a narrative quality in that the speaker accounts his moving,his stopping,his meditating,and his resolving to go on his journey.Another element of this poem’s coherence is its logic.The first three stanzas raise implicit questions and the final stanza gives the answer,though not so explicit.Thirdly,the regular rhythm and rhyme pattern help achieve coherence and cohesion,the rhyme pattern is not only a pleasure to ears but also a support to the poem’s meaning.In this poem a difficult rhyme scheme is used.Instead of using a-b-a-b,Frost uses a-a-b-a.He also picks up the unrhymed sound of each stanza(the third line)and links it with the rhyming sound of the stanza that follows it and become the main rhyme in the next stanza.In the final stanza,Frost uses d-d-d-d to replace d-d-e-d to terminate the rhyme scheme,which is the interlocking rhyme and in this way to suggest the end of the action in the poem as well as the end of life—death.The sense and the musical effect of the poem are also reinforced by the skillful use of alliteration and assonance.One thing must be pointed out:though the poem is regular in its iambic pentameter,Frost avoids metrical monotony by departing from the pattern slightly in the final stanza,and by his masterful control of tempo.The images in the poem can be divided into two kinds,visual images(e.g.woods house,village,Snow Lake,harness bell)and auditory images(e.g.shake of bells,the sweep of easy winds and downy flake).They correspond to the sensory feelings of the poet as well as the readers,and therefore create vividness.

The attraction of the beauty of nature makes the speaker stop in his journey.He finally turns away from it,with a certain weariness and yet with quiet determination to face the needs and demands of life.This stresses the central conflict of poem between man’s enjoyment of nature’s beauty and his responsibilities in society.Poems can have multiple themes and this poem is no exception.The theme here may be the necessity to face the responsibilities,inherent in adult or the seductiveness of death as an attractive way of escaping the weight of responsibility.This poem is about our lost connection with the natural world.Our ego bound activities take over our entire adult life.No time to appreciate the natural world.No time for activities that have no specific reason to admire nature.Even the horse senses there is wrong with stopping in these woods because the horse is trained by humans.“…..promises to keep……”is the abiding theme of all of our lives as urban dwellers.This poem may also tell us that duty and responsibility take precedence over beauty and pleasure.

2.2 On man and his internal world

“The Road Not Taken”is another one of his most importan philosophical poems.Some critics believe that the poem is set in some particular woods where the road diverges into two directions There is a little stream in western Canada where the Canadian Pacific Railway crosses the Continental Divide.The tourist trains all stop at that point,for the right hand branch of the stream flows into the Pacific Ocean,and the left hand branch into the Atlantic.Forks and crossroads are everywhere and confront everyone.We must make choices in front of them and take full responsibility for the consequences.By turning this concrete,common experience into poetry Frost raises this experience to a symbolic level of universal significance.With less colloquial speech rhythms than in“Mending Wall”,the poem is written in regular stanzas and rhyme schemes.

“And sorry I could not travel both.”is the second line o this poem.Here,a strong sense of regret is clearly demonstrated by the traveler before he makes a choice.In an attempt to make a decision,the traveler“looks down one as far as I could”.The road that will be chosen leads to the unknown,as does any choice in life As much he may strain his eyes to see as far the road stretches eventually it surpasses his vision and he can never see where it is going to lead.So,the future is a mystery,we cannot see it clearly but one choice must be made.Then he took the other,“as just as fair,and having perhaps the better claim.”What made“the other”has the better claim is that“it was grassy and wanted wear”which is mysterious and adventurous for the traveler.In this stanza the narrator took“the road less traveled by”exactly illustrates his personality and the kind of people the poet admires,that is,one who does not want to necessarily follow the crowd but do more o what has never been done,what is new and different.

“And both that morning equally lay in leaves no step had trodden black.”The leaves had covered the ground and since the time they had fallen no one had yet to pass by on this road.Perhaps Frost does this because each time a person comes to the poin where they have to make a choice,it is new to them,somewhere they have never been and they tend to feel as though no one else had ever been there either.“I kept the first for another day!”The desire to travel down both paths is expressed and it is not unusual but“knowing how way leads on to way”,the speaker of this poem realizes that the decision is not just a temporary one and he“doubted if I should ever come back.”This is his common sense speaking and acknowledging that what he chooses now will affec every other choice he makes afterward.

Once again,the regret hangs over the traveler like a heavy cloud about to burst at the end of the poem.He realizes that at the end of his life,“somewhere ages and ages hence”,he will have regrets about having never gone back and traveling down the roads he did not take.Yet he remains proud of his decision and he recognizes that it was this path that he chose that made him turn out the way and he did and lives his life the way in which he lived.“I took the road less traveled by and that had made all the difference.”To this man,what was most important,what really made the difference is that he did what he wanted.If he hadn’t,he wouldn’t be the same man he is now.

The poem seems to be about the poet,walking in the woods and coming upon a fork in the road,he feels sorry that he could no take both roads and he has to choose which road he should follow on his walk.In reality,it concerns the important decisions which one must make in life.Usually we are confronted with this dilemma and can not have thing worked in our own ideal way.But choices must be made and our decisions prove irrevocable,one must give up one desirable thing in order to possess another.Whatever the outcome,one must accept the consequences of one’s choice for i is impossible to go back and have another chance to choose differently.Everyone is a traveler,choosing the roads to follow on the map of their journey,life.There is never a straight path that leaves one with but a sole direction in which to head.Regardless of the original message that Robert Frost had intended to convey,his poem,“The Road Not Taken”,has left its readers with many different interpretations.In any case,however,this poem clearly demonstrates Frost’s belief,that is,the road one chooses to travel tha makes him the man who he is.

2.3 On the relation of human beings

Since literature is the reflection of the social life,in Frost’s volumes,what he displays is just the encyclopedic epitome of the society,which shows all aspects in New England,so the relationship between man and man would be an unavoidable topic.In Frost’s poems,a part of simple conversation or monologue often reflects some kind of phenomenon in the society,so to some extent,the meanings of his poems are usually thoughtful and profound.The environment where he lives in greatly influenced his creation of poems,therefore the people there and the relationship between them always inspired Frost.“Home Burial”is his masterpiece on dealing with the relationships among human beings.“Home Burial”is a poem discloses the relationship between husbands and wives the sweetest and most intimate one in the social relationship.

From the title,the relationship between the couple and their neighbors could be found.Subjectively they bear their own ideas about his or her spouse.In our common sense,no matter when the death happens,the people alive would get together to discuss how to deal with the funeral.At the same time,they would send the unfortunate news to their relatives,their acquaintances to be presen at the funeral.For the rich family,they would hold decent funerals to bury the deceased,even for the poor;they would get their relatives or neighbors,friends together to help them.But the title of the poem“Home Burial”implies that the couple finishes the funera by themselves.Although they live in a country,some of the villagers should have assisted them.

In this poem,the main stage is merely designed in the couple’s house.It shows that the husband and the wife quarreled resentfully on the day when the man buries their little son,who died a few days ago.The wife,Amy,stands by the window discerns the whole process of the burial.His coming is out of her expectation and his commanding interrogation makes her seethe the rage in the deep heart.She feels depressed for her husband’s attitude towards their son’s death.So she warns her husband not to mention the death in front of her for fear of breaking her heart,all her warnings are in vain.On the contrary,he mentions it over and over again.A last,she makes the determination to leave the house.Seeing this the husband tries to persuade her to stay,but his consolation is absolutely wrong.His pretext to stop her from leaving is that the quarrel between them may be overheard by passers-by.By and by,the smoldered rage bursts out like the erupting volcano.She departs her husband and rushes out.

By analyzing this poem,Frost’s opinion about the relation o human beings is exposed.He thought,between man and man,especially for modern people,there is always a kind of barrier existing in their hearts.No matter whom,the couple,friends or neighbors this kind of phenomenon would be found.It seems that there aren’t any true or pure emotions but the barriers,the contradictions and the suspects in their souls.When something unhappy happens though they have established very well-built relationship before they begin to build walls in their hearts and refuse to communicate with others;moreover,they stop others from approaching or getting in their lives.

3 Conclusion

In Robert Frost,the American people found their poet,their singer and their seer.Frost is a philosophical poet as well as a poe of profound simplicity.In the ripeness of his years,Robert Fros was acclaimed as few artists have been during their lifetime:his government officially recognized his greatness as man and poet,and critics hailed his poems as modern classics.Frost deliberately tries to make his blank verse smooth,easy,informal,and as much like common speech as possible,which can be understood by the average person.Frost holds that the idea should unfold as the poem progresses.Readers may discover that many of his poems begin as a seemingly simple narration of a seemingly simple incident,but end by suggesting meanings far beyond anything specifically referred to in the narrative.All of these things illustrate Frost’s belief that a poem begins in delight and ends in wisdom.His poems are shining stars in the sky of literature and philosophy which can arouse people’s enthusiasm to love the nature and illuminate modern peo-ple’s lives,though they are simple.

摘要：如果从20世纪美国推出一位民族诗人的话,那就是罗伯特·弗罗斯特。该文从语言、风格以及主题对他的几首哲理诗进行了简要分析,旨在展示其诗中蕴含的真理、智慧以及对现代生活的启示。

关键词：罗伯特·弗罗斯特,诗歌,哲理,智慧,寓深刻于简单

参考文献

[1]Cunliffe,Marcus.The Literature of Untied States[M].New York:Penguin,1986.

[2]Isaacs J.The Background of Modern Poetry[M].New York:E.P.Dutton,1992.

[3]程爱民.美国文学选读[M].南京:南京师范大学出版社,2004.

[4]金莉,张剑.文学原理教程[M].北京:外语教学与研究出版社,2004.

读英文经典，一起寻找诗和远方 篇3

相信我，拥有这种神奇力量的书绝不是心灵鸡汤，鸡汤只会像吹气球一样给你希望后又很快飞走；更不是网络小说，绝大部分网络小说只会用它冗长的情节占据你的时间，打乱你的计划，甚至拖垮你的情绪，让你变得庸俗又暴躁；更不是所谓的成功学，这样的书只会给你打一身鸡血，却无法给你面对失败的力量。

拥有这种神奇力量的书或许只有一种，那就是经历了时间考验、岁月沉淀的经典。比如经典小说。这样的小说能直击灵魂，震慑内心，让你伤怀沉思，让你感同身受，让你找回爱和美好，也让你了解黑暗与死亡。也许你会忘记它的情节，但永远也无法忘记它在你内心留下的印记。正如高尔基所说：“我觉得，当书本给我讲到闻所未闻或见所未见的人物、感情、思想和态度时，似乎是每一本书都在我面前打开一扇窗户，让我看到一个不可思议的新世界。”

而现在，我们将要带你走进八部英文经典小说的新世界：它们或深沉，或轻快，或美好，或沉重；它们关乎友谊，关乎成长，关乎现实，也关乎理想；它们有着不同的故事情节，却都在书写生命中爱与希望的力量。

在这个盛夏，请寻一片阴凉，捧起一本心爱的小说，将躁动的心轻轻安放。

普希金英文诗 篇4

I loved you, and I probably still do,

And for a while the feeling may remain...

But let my love no longer trouble you,

I do not wish to cause you any pain.

I loved you; and the hopelessness I knew,

The jealousy, the shyness - though in vain -

Made up a love so tender and so true

感恩节的英文诗 篇5

Thanksgiving is the appointed time

for focusing on the good in our lives.

In each of our days,

we can find small blessings,

but too often we overlook them,

choosing instead to spend our time

paying attention to problems.

We give our energy

to those who cause us trouble

instead of those who bring peace.

Starting now,

let’s be on the lookout

for the bits of pleasure in each hour,

and appreciate the people who

bring love and light to everyone

who is blessed to know them.

You are one of those people.

On Thanksgiving,

I’m thankful for you.

Happy Thanksgiving!

By Joanna Fuchs

幼儿园大班毕业诗英文 篇6

by annabelle

within my book of memories,

are special thoughts of you.

and all the many nice things

you often say and do -

as i turn the pages,

and recall each single thought,

i realize the happiness

that knowing you has brought.

there are memories of the times weve shared

both bright and sunny days.

there are memories of your kindness

and your friendly thoughtful ways.

there are memories of all those notes,

we would write back and forth,

when we would just get together,

and talk of this or that.

and when i recall these memories

as i go along lifes way,

i find they grow more precious still

英文文学诗 篇7

一、语言的人际功能

语言的人际功能主要通过“语气” (mood) 和“情态” (modality) 体现出来。语气系统功能是表达说话者希望通过讲话所达到的目的, 系统功能语法中的语气范畴由主语和限定成分两部分组成, 语气范畴承担了小句作为交际事件的责任 (Halliday, 1994) ;而情态系统是讲话者对自己讲的命题的成功性和有效性所作的判断, 或在命令中要求对方承担的义务, 或在提议中要表达的个人意愿。Halliday (1994) 将情态定义为位于是和否之间的意义范围, 表示位于肯定归一度和否定归一度之间的中间地带所构建的语义空间。

二、Parting After A Quarrel一诗的人际功能分析

Parting After A Quarrel是一首由Eunice Tientjens创作的描写恋人分手的诗, 其内容如下:

(1) You looked at me with eyes grown bright with pain

Like some trapped thing’s.

(2) And then you moved our head

Slowly from side to side, as though the strain

Ached in your throat with anger and with dread.

(3) And then you turned and left me, and I stood

With a queer sense of deadness over me,

(4) And only wondered dully that you could

Fasten your trench—coat up so carefully

Till you were gone.

(5) Then all the air was thick

With my last words that seemed to leap and quiver.

(6) And in my heart I heard the little click

Of a door that closes—quietly, forever.

以上标注序号主要是从诗歌语义范畴的角度进行划分的, 下面就从语气系统和情态系统两方面对该诗进行人际功能分析。

1、语气系统

(1) 陈述语气:从容淡定中的愁肠百结

根据系统功能语言学, 直陈语气包括陈述语气和疑问语气。Jesperson (1935) 将直陈语气形象地称为事实语气 (fact moo d) , 即直陈语气是用于说明事实或对事实提出疑问。系统功能语言学的核心思想即为语言的使用过程就是使用者根据其目的, 对语言不断选择的过程。不难发现, 全诗选择的全部属于陈述语气。

诗人借助文字这一信息载体与读者进行交流, 是一个间接的单向的信息给予的过程。综观全诗, 可以看出, 诗中的交换角色都是给予 (giving) , 交换物都是信息 (information) , 其言语功能为提供 (offer) 信息, 与之相关的是相应的积极反应 (附和) 和消极反应 (反对) 。为了让读者与诗人能够产生共鸣, 即获得诗人所期许的信息回馈——感诗人之所感, 愁诗人之所愁, 痛诗人之所痛, 全诗六个分句全部通过陈述方式呈现给读者。 (1) (2) 句和 (3) 句前半句描写恋人悲愤交加、泪眼婆娑、转身离去的情形; (3) 句后半句和 (4) (6) 句描写诗人懊恼不已、孤助无奈、徒留追忆的心情; (5) 句描写恋人离去时的灰暗压抑的外部环境和诗人欲语还休的复杂心境, 二者相得益彰, 表现了诗人从容淡定的外表下一颗愁肠百结的心。

(2) 一般过去时:时过境迁的缅怀眷恋

在语气系统中, 时态属于限定成分的内容, 主要通过动词的变位来实现。

时态也是体现人际功能的重要组成部分, 不同时态的使用, 反映了说话人对所述内容的主观态度和评价。时态作为限定成分的第一个功能成分, “为议论命题提供参考点, 使其成为可议论的概念” (于丽, 2010:99) 。纵观全诗, 可以看出, 诗人使用的时态全部是一般过去时。诗人虽立足现在, 回忆过去, 但那时那景那人那情, 仍历历在目, 记忆犹新。一切虽已时过境迁, 但诗人对恋人的那份眷恋和怀念每每忆起, 仍满怀忧伤与悔恨, 不免感叹时光飞逝, 岁月无情。一般过去时态的使用, 也暗示着诗人不仅不会轻易忘却过去的点点滴滴, 更渴望将来能有机会与恋人再续前缘。如若能够, 将不会再重蹈覆辙, 不会再让幸福与自己擦肩而过。

(3) 人称指示语:蒙太奇式的画面切换

全诗六个小句中共三个主语, 分别是you, I和the air, 这些主语都出现在限定成分之前, 表明这六个小句的功能都是提供信息, 同时借助于各个小句中语气的剩余成分提供的新信息, 向读者呈现了一幅与恋人分手时双方欲语还休、纠结痛苦的画面。同时, 通过主语的切换, 实现了镜头、场面的分切与组接, 规范和引导读者的情绪和心理, 启迪读者思考, 同时实现了对时空的再造, 创造了独特的诗意空间。

诗歌借助诗人对分手场景的回忆和恋人离去后的无限遐想, 通过画面镜头组接, 形象生动地展示出恋人双方的内心世界, 是一种“心理蒙太奇”的表现形式;诗人stood, wondered与恋人turned and left, gone形成鲜明的对比, 产生了相互冲突的作用, 强化了诗人的痛苦与无奈之情, 是一种“对比蒙太奇”的表现方式;借助对the air的刻画描写, the thickness of the air隐喻诗人心情的沉重, 有助于引起读者的联想, 领略诗人的情绪色彩, 是一种“隐喻蒙太奇”的表现方式。

2、情态系统

(1) 情态表达:感情宣泄的一致描摹

“情态动词和情态副词被称为情态表达的一致式, 其他形式被称为情态表达的非一致式, 即隐喻式。” (汤敬安, 央泉, 2008:5-6) 诗歌主要通过情态动词could和情态副词slowly, only, dully, carefully, quietly和forever一致式的情态表达, “传递了诗人对于命题的主观判断和主观态度, 表达道义和认识情态意义” (汤敬安, 央泉, 2008:94) 。功能语言学把情态副词归于情态附加成分, 主要包括语气附加成分和评论性附加成分。dully, carefully属于评论性附加成分, slowly, only, quietly和forever属于语气附加成分。诗人对自己面对恋人离去仍然不忘对恋人表达内心的疼惜的笨拙甚至愚蠢之举进行自嘲, 对恋人悲愤交加的情状进行描摹, 对自己无法挽留恋人, 只能望着对方的背影渐行渐远深感遗憾和悔恨。一个转身, 徒留一生追忆。

(2) 情态取向:感情表达的非隐喻性

Halliday (2004) 将由小句表达的情态意义称为“隐喻”。情态可以从主观和客观两个角度来表达, Halliday称之为“取向” (orientation) 。由小句表达的情态属于显性主观取向和显性客观取向, 为隐喻性情态。由情态动词或者情态副词表达的情态属于隐性主观取向和隐性客观取向, 为非隐喻性情态。由以上分析可知, 诗歌主要选择的是非隐喻性的情态表达, “显示了作者的态度比较明确、直白”。隐性主观和隐性客观的表达方式, 随着诗人的感情的起伏而跌宕变化, 诗人由劝阻恋人离开时的满怀希望, 到恋人转身时的依恋不舍, 再到恋人彻底消失时的心灰意冷, 再到后来对恋人的惘然追忆, 均以诗人本人的视角对整个事件进行了主观识解。同时, 为尽量保持言语的客观性, 诗人选择了隐性表达, 使自己的感情表达更含蓄委婉, 同时也留给读者更多的想象空间。

(3) 情态量值:感情抒发的语义层阶

功能语言学把情态和归一度联系起来, 归一度是“是”和“否”之间的量度, 情态是语言使用者对事物的估量和不确定性, 故情态是肯定级和否定级之间的中间地带的意义。Halliday认为, 情态表达事体的概率程度和经常程度, 将情态量值分为三个不同的等级:高、中、低, 分别表达必然性、或然性和可能性三个量级。由于广义的情态包括情态和意态, 意态表达责任程度和意愿程度, 因此意态也可分为高、中、低三种量值。诗歌中could属于中量值情态动词, only, forever属于高量值情态副词。诗人选择中、高级量值的情态表达, 突出强调了恋人的离去对自己造成的影响之重大性和深远性, 抒发了诗人对恋人的无限眷恋却又饱含无奈之情。

三、结语

通过对Parting After A Quarrel一诗的人际功能分析, 可以得知, 这首英文诗歌主要选择陈述语气、一般过去时、人称指示语构成的语气系统以及一致式的情态表达、非隐喻性的情态取向和中、高级量值构成的情态系统来表达感情, 传递思想, 与读者最大程度地实现共鸣。英文诗歌的人际功能分析有助于为诗歌的创作与鉴赏提供全新的视角, 从而实现诗歌的诗性与理性的完美统一。

参考文献

[1]Halliday, M.A.K.An Introduction to Functional Grammar[M].London:Arnold, 1994.

[2]汤敬安, 央泉.英语情态范畴的多视角研究[M].西安:西北工业大学出版社, 2008.

英文文学诗 篇8

《全唐诗》在中国文学史上具有重要的地位

从《诗经》《楚辞》到汉赋、唐诗、宋词、元曲，以及明清小说，中国文学都以各自时代的特色流芳于后世，唐诗更是中国文学最为耀眼的奇葩。唐诗诞生于中国盛唐，汇总几万首诗歌的《全唐诗》自然不同凡响。唐诗以其极大的影响力，至今傲视中国历代文学，后人一直难以望其项背。

《全唐诗》是清朝初年编修的汇集唐代诗歌的总集，全书共900卷，收录唐代2529位诗人的诗作42863首，是中国规模最大的一部诗歌总集。康熙帝给予极高评价，亲自为全书作序并题额为《御定全唐诗》，称“唐三百年诗人之菁华，咸采撷于一编之内，亦可云大备矣！”

《全唐诗》编撰留下的一些遗憾

《全唐诗》将唐一代诗歌汇为一帙，为后学提供了莫大的方便。但这样一部卷帙浩繁的大书，只以十人之力，一年多的时间就编撰而成，其粗糙可想而知。由于成书仓促，存在问题自然在所难免。截至目前，学界认为清编《全唐诗》主要有如下不足之处：“①未及广检群书，故缺漏甚多；②考订粗疏，多有误收，今人考订其误收他朝诗即达数百首之多，唐人张冠李戴、重收复出之作亦不少；③小传较疏舛，作者先后次第亦多混乱；④诸诗皆不注出处，征引者难以覆按；⑤校勘不精，诗题及诗句错误较多。”简而言之，这些都是当时一般官修书不愿深究的积习。

由于文献与文物的不断发现，加之对唐诗研究的不断深入，学界对唐诗文献持续地加以补遗、考订、阐释，已知未被《全唐诗》收录的唐代诗人、诗作甚多。于是，学界倡议，在近三百年唐诗文献研究的基础上再加发掘，以更高的学术要求，编纂一部全新的《全唐五代诗》。顾其名而可知，《全唐五代诗》已完全不等于《全唐诗》，其第一标志便是五代诗人及其诗作的被收录。故此，新编《全唐五代诗》取代清编《全唐诗》应该说当之无愧！

《全唐五代诗》的特色与超越

文学文献的整理本身就是高水准的学术研究，也是传承中国传统文化的重要手段。这一基础性工作一直受到学界重视。自20世纪80年代以来，包括《全唐五代词》《全唐五代小说》《全宋诗》《全宋词》《全宋文》《全元戏曲》《全元文》等大型文学总集陆续编纂或出版，而《全唐五代诗》无疑是诸多总集中极具文献价值的一部。该工作的编纂队伍阵容强大，几位主编均是唐诗研究界的前辈与巨擘，所在工作单位均是中国古代文学和文献学的研究重镇。

《全唐五代诗》作为全国高校古籍整理委员会重点项目，立项于20世纪90年代初。新编《全唐五代诗》基于清代《全唐诗》的渊源，借鉴中华书局《全唐诗》的经验，充分利用现存的古籍文献，吸收考古、科研最新成果，对唐五代所有诗歌进行扫描式梳理归结，以时间为经，以诗人为纬，逐人逐诗予以甄别，剔除张冠李戴，校正误收漏收。每一作者，均以小传纪其生平事迹；每一首诗，均以详尽的出处以备查阅；每一个异文均予以精致、详备的校勘；涉及本末纪事，均去伪存真，不留错讹。新增补诗近万首，纠正张冠李戴数千首，更备以存目诗表，以求严谨不疏。此书编纂历时已经20多年，数百学者穷经皓首，呕心沥血，才有今天之成果。

这部卷帙浩繁的皇皇巨著，将以耀眼的光环照耀文坛，其欣赏价值、资料价值、历史价值、文化传承价值必将受到世人的认可。《全唐五代诗》无疑是新时期以来编纂的最具文献价值和历史价值的大型古代文学总集之一，对深入发掘中国古代文化的宝贵资源，推进中国历史文化的研究与普及、增强民族文化的自信心与凝聚力，实现中华文化大繁荣均将产生积极的影响。

《全唐五代诗》出版的重要意义

《全唐五代诗》第一主编周勋初先生表示，《全唐五代诗》在编纂中，力求达成唐诗整理的最高水平。在此书编撰过程中，专家学者就一些细则达成共识：①纂集全唐五代诗歌（不收词，对其他韵语、歌诀、偈颂等将审慎收入）；②运用善本、足本校勘全部唐五代诗人的诗集；③重新撰写诗人小传；④补辑佚散唐五代诗，甄辨重出、误收问题；⑤为全唐五代诗注明来源出处；⑥按诗人生卒年为序重新编次（生卒年无考者，则以登第年等为序）；⑦汇辑成编，编定索引，为相关研究提供重要文献依据。另外，因清编《全唐诗》未特别提出五代诗，这次新编对于五代诗予以充分重视，从而为五代文学研究提供更为丰富的文献。

故此，新编《全唐五代诗》的出版基于新世纪古籍整理而言，可谓空谷足音，当得起“不朽之盛事”。概言之，其出版意义如下：

（1）历史需要《全唐五代诗》。作为封建王朝的清代有识之士，尚且看到了《全唐诗》的文化传承价值；正处于文化大繁荣的当代社会，当然更有理由重视这一稀有的文化传承资源。由于《全唐诗》的先天缺陷已经被发现，新编《全唐五代诗》可以弥补这一缺陷，还唐诗一个完整的历史面貌。

（2）时代需要《全唐五代诗》。作为中国文学瑰宝的《全唐诗》，至今深受国内外读者的钟情与喜爱。《全唐五代诗》将在覆盖《全唐诗》的基础上，增补大量的唐诗和全部五代的诗，使诗的总量与诗人队伍都有所增加，特别是将五代诗人作品全部植入，使唐诗的传承不留历史空白。对当代人来说，可以一览唐五代诗的全貌。

（3）无论是古籍整理，还是文学遗产保护，抑或是学术研究，《全唐五代诗》都堪称填补空白之工程。编纂者充分利用现存的古籍文献，吸收考古、科研最新成果，对唐、五代所有诗歌进行拉网式检索、扫描式梳理、信息化归结，以时间为经，以诗人为纬，逐人逐诗予以甄别，剔除张冠李戴，校正误收漏收，异文一一校勘，出处详备开列，版本互为参照，本事去伪存真，每个诗人生平事迹以文献为依据，予以增删或辑补。新增作者约1000人，增补诗歌约5000首，纠正张冠李戴近千首，更备以存目诗表，以求严谨不疏。目前，国内外未有类似项目出现，这是因为整理、编纂一部权威的《全唐五代诗》殊非易事，不集中、调动一支庞大的唐诗学者，就不可能完成这一巨大的工程。陕西人民出版社不遗余力参与、支持这一项目的出版，便是基于这一认识和使命感。

（4）唐诗是中国文学的峰巅，是中国文学史上的一簇鲜艳夺目的奇葩，也是一串璀璨的明珠，出版《全唐五代诗》全本就是珍视这一簇奇葩，就是珍藏这一串明珠。

（5）伴随着时代的进步与文化文明的进化以及盛世文化的繁荣，重视非物质文化遗产已成世界共识。《全唐五代诗》不但是中国的，也是世界的，让这一举世瞩目的非物质文化遗产早日以高质量的纸质媒介问世，其价值不可估量。

总之，新编《全唐五代诗》出版后，其应受到的时代礼遇与殊荣，我们有理由期待。 （作者单位系陕西人民出版社有限责任公司）