高考英语书面表达句型最新总结
In general, I don’t agree with…
In my opinion, this point of view doesn’t hold water.
There is no doubt that…
What is more serious is that…
Besides, we should not neglect that…
The chief reason why…is that…
But the problem is not so simple. Therefore…
We have no reason to believe that…
二 用于描写数据的常用句型
The table shows a three times increase over that of last year.
It was decreased twice than that of the year .
It has increased by three times compared with that of .
There is an increase of 20% in total this year.
The number is five times as much as that of 200.
The total number was lowed by 10%.
Compared with , it fell from 15 to 10 percent.
It would be expected to increase 5 times.
三.解释原因,分析影响的常用句型
1. It can be easily proved that…
2. I am of the opinion that…[来源:Z|xx|k.Com]
3. To take…as an example…
4. No one can deny that…
5. The change in…largely results from the fact that…
6. As everyone knows…
7. It can be expressed as follows:
8. The chief reason is that…
四.有关文章,段落起始的常用句型
1. As the proverbs says…
2. with the rapid growth of our economy/transportation system /heavy industry/modern agriculture/private enterprises/population/market economy/housing industry.
3. With the rapid growing popularity of Internet surfing /computers /cars /mobiles phones /television in China, the quality of our lives is improving for the better.
4. With the rapid development of science and technology /electronic industry /information industry /higher education…an increasing number of people come to know that…
5. The government is /We are seriously concerned with drug abuse /widespread corruption /organized crimes / high unemployment rate…
6. Recently the issue of…has been brought to public attention. /Now people in growing number are coming to realize that…
7. It is quite clear that…because…
8. It goes without saying that…/Generally speaking…/It is often said that…
五.有关文章和段落结尾的常用句型
1. From this point of view, we can see…
2. Without computer /cell phones /cars /telecommunication /Internet, it would be difficult to imagine modern life.
3. In a word /In conclusion /To sum up…
4. Thus, this is the reason why we must…/It is obvious that we must…
5. It is high time that we put considerable emphasis on…
6. I want to do /be…not only because…but also because…
7. Let us work hand in hand to do…
8. In short, population explosion /environmental pollution are the major problems to be solved to make our world a better place in which to live.
六.用于论证和说明的常用句型
1. It is described that…
2. It has been illustrated…
3. It provides a good example of …
4. A number of further facts may be added…
5. A recent investigation indicates that…
6. According to a latest study, it can be concluded that…
7. Examples given lead us to conclude that…
8. All the facts suggested that…
9. No one can deny the fact that …
10. According to the latest survey, we can draw a conclusion that…
书面表达中表达情感的句型:
Do you think you’ll like it? If not, I can try and find another flat for you.
As far as I know, everyone is happy about the arrangement of this.
I hope you will come to China to watch Olympic Games . Then I’ll be very happy to be your guide.
I hope you will come and see for yourself (本人)some day.
How I wish we could stay there longer!
I’m sure you’ll enjoy the dinner and have a good time with us.
I hope you can come here for a visit some day.
Do come here for the great fun.
Do you think one and a half hours will be enough?
关键词：书面表达,高级词汇,高级句型
笔者曾经和自己所教过的高一年级几个英语成绩不错的学生探讨有关英语作文的问题, 其中谈到最多的是:“什么样的英语作文算是好作文?”对于这个问题的回答, 大部分学生一致认为, 一篇好的书面表达应该符合以下三个要求:第一, 能够按照书面表达的要求, 完整地把意思表达出来;第二, 表达正确、流畅, 并且很少有语法错误;第三, 无错别字, 即没有单词的拼写错误。
刚升入高中的学生, 通过初中阶段的英语学习, 已经对英语作文有了一个感性的认识。在他们看来, 如果自己的英语作文能够达到以上三个要求, 就是一篇很好的作文了。
但是, 如果你向高三年级的学生问同样的问题, 他们就不会这么认为了, 几乎所有的高三学生都会告诉你:只是达到这三个要求, 书面表达是得不到高分的。
同一个问题, 不同年级的学生其答案是不一样的, 这是因为, 随着高中阶段对英语学习的深入, 如果只是把意思表达出来, 没有词汇拼写和语法错误, 已经不能适应高考的要求了。因为高考英语书面表达评分标准第五档 (很好) 中有这样一段话:“应用了较多的语法结构和词汇;语法结构或词汇方面有些许错误, 但为尽力使用较复杂结构或较高级词汇所致。”这就是说, 学生仅仅运用基础词汇和基本句型, 不能体现出较强的语言运用能力, 即使表达无语法错误, 也不能得高分;相反, 有些错误是由于有意识地使用复杂结构或较高级词汇所致, 故也不扣分, 仍属于最高档次。高考把写作要求提到了这样一个高度, 有利于反映学生的水平层次, 有利于指导教学, 原来那种“要点完整、语言无误、行文连贯、表达清楚”的标准早已落后了。
有人说, “翻译是戴着镣铐跳舞”, 那么高考英语写作更是如此, 但考生不仅仅要“戴着镣铐跳舞”, 而且还要跳得优美才好。之所以这样来形容, 是因为高考英语写作的内容通过文字、表格、图片这三种形式在某种程度上已经做了一种限定, 考生所需要做的就是把这些已给的要点和内容进行“包装和提升”, 使其鲜亮和饱满起来。如果只是简单地翻译并堆砌在一起, 显然无法吸引阅卷教师, 这也就是英语写作不同于语文作文的地方。如果说语文作文是一个自由发挥的舞蹈, 那么英语写作就是“戴着镣铐跳舞”。就像穿衣服一样, 不要老去穿毫无变化的“校服” (简单句) , 而要穿一些不一样的“衣服”, 让它显得不那么单调, 也让阅卷教师能够看到与众不同的亮点, 而这些“衣服”也就是多变句型与词汇。
那么, 在平时的训练和写作中应该怎样使用高级词汇和高级句型呢?
一、学会使用高级词汇
(一) 多练习、多实践、多动手
遣词造句, 实践是金。学生在平时的训练中, 要有意识地强化“复杂、高级”这两个概念, 使自己的作文能区别于普通学生的作文, 站在一个比别人高的位置上, 充分显示自己的实力。“处处留心皆学问”。同时, 学生在平时的阅读过程中要善于积累精彩的词句和表达, 不断丰富和扩大自己的“语言库”, 这样, 在高考临场时才能做到“下笔如有神”。
高考中的英文单词可以分为活的词汇和休眠词汇, 休眠词汇是指你认识它, 却没有主动使用它的意识。学生要培养一种主动使用高级词汇的意识, 摇醒在自己脑中休眠的漂亮高级词汇, 停止使用good, very good, very very very good这样的表达, 转而投向wonderful, excellent, outstanding, super, terrific这些宛如衣服上的珍珠一样的词汇, 为自己的作文增光添彩。同样表示“著名的”, famous是一个初一学生的专利, 而高中学生就要求能写出remarkable, distinguished, celebrated等词汇。所以, 想得高分, 一定要使用高级词汇。有的学生说:“distinguished我也认识, 但是我自己写的时候怎么就想不起来呢?”原因很简单, 就是你只是认识而已, 没有实践。大家记住, 每次写作文时脑海中最先闪现的词汇就是要考虑换掉的词汇。当写作中需要表达一个人漂亮的时候, 你写下去的beautiful, 想想是不是能够升级成attractive, good-looking, charming, fair;每当想要表达“许多、大量”时, 是不是马上落笔many/much?先不要!想想是不是可以修改成substantial, abundant或者amount, 甚至使用词组a large quantity of等。
(二) 做一个勤快人、有心人
学生在平常学习中一定要多积累一些高级词汇, 学习这些词汇的时候, 一定要多想一想这些词汇的同义词有哪些, 在这些同义词中, 哪些属于高级词汇。如下面的这些词, 学生在学习时就可以想一想, 能不能用其它的同义词来代替。
目前很大一部分学生的作文得分都处在17~18分左右, 因为写作满分30分, 因此, 17~18分也就是个及格分。到底17~18分的作文差在哪儿?这个问题很容易回答。这样的作文中规中矩, 该对的都对, 内容要点完整, 语法与词形也正确, 但全都是很简单的句子的堆砌, 没有任何亮点;而20多分的作文在句型、词汇方面就做了很好的包装, 它的句子穿的“衣服”已经不是校服, 而是耐克或者是阿迪达斯, 所以让人觉得很“拽”, 而高考英语写作要的就是这种很“拽”的感觉。这种感觉可以通过阅读来提高。从语言学习的规律来看, 在阅读能力达到一定水平之后, 要过渡到写译训练上来, 即从输入过渡到输出上来。只有一定量的输入, 才能产生一定质的输出。中国有句古话:“读书破万卷, 下笔如有神。”这在一定意义上说明了多读和能写之间的密切联系, 多读是能写和会写的基础。汉语如此, 英语亦然。通过阅读才能加深学生对所学词汇的认识, 才能学会它在具体语境中的具体使用, 在写作时头脑中才能反映出这些词汇, 进而使用这些词汇。
虽然高考书面表达提倡和鼓励考生使用高级词汇, 但这并不意味着考生要去选择一些偏、怪、难的词汇。使用高级词汇, 不是片面追求花哨文字, 或拼凑一些错误百出的英语词句, 而是要确保在没有错误的前提下进行适当地发挥。
二、学会使用高级句型
学生在平常造句时要遵循这样的原则:句式多变, 语法活用。句子是表达一个完整意思的最小单位, 所以, 造句能力在英语写作中是非常重要的。好的英语句子能够生动、形象、准确地表达内容, 要想写出漂亮的书面表达, 必须从写好句子开始。正所谓“万丈高楼平地起”。因此, 学生必须练好扎实的语言基本功。除了掌握好英语简单句的基本句型并学会去应用之外, 学生还要学会使用复合句、长句;力求变换各种句式, 如强调句、倒装句、各种从句和固定句型等, 长句和短句交错使用等等。英语和汉语中都有一词多义的现象, 写作时同样的意思, 考生应该尽可能用多种方法翻译, 然后找出一个最佳表达。比如下面这个句子的翻译:
这本书是如此的有趣, 以至于我读了一遍又一遍。
翻译1:This book was so interesting that I read it again and again.
翻译2:This was such an interesting book that Iread it again and again.
翻译3:This was so interesting a book that Iread it again and again.
翻译4:So interesting was this book that I read it again and again.
这四句译文当中, 评卷教师最欣赏的是第四句, 因为它用了倒装句型。
具体来说可学着使用下面这些句型:
(一) 学会使用复合句
复合句可以把结构松散的句子连接起来, 从而使表达显得更加高级。高考写作中用到的复合句包括下面三种:
1. 名词性从句
Who has cheated in this math exam?It is clear.
→It is not clear who has cheated in this math exam.
This is my advice.We should speed up the work.
→My advice is that we should speed up the work
When will you return?I shall be glad to know it.
→I shall be glad to know when you will return.
I made a promise.I’d join the club.
→I made a promise that I’d join the club.
2. 定语从句
The book is mine.He has taken it away.
→The book he has taken away is mine.
3. 状语从句
They were very happy.They worked out the results.
→When they worked out the results, they were very happy.
(二) 学会使用非谓语动词
When he heard the exciting news, the boy jumped for joy.
→Hearing the exciting news, the boy jumped for joy.
When he asked about his family, he made no answer.
→Asked about his family, he made no answer.
He got up early in order to catch the bus.
→He got up early so that he could catch the bus.
(三) 学会使用某些惯用句型
学生在写作中如果能恰当运用英语中某些常见的惯用句型, 可以使文章显得富有“洋味”。
1.It happened (chanced) that+clause.=sb.happened/chanced sth.=sb.did sth.by chance.
当我到那儿时, 碰巧他不在。
→It happened that he was out when I got there.
→He happened to be out when I got there.
→It chanced that he was out when I got there.
→He was out by chance when I got there.
2. It is/was+被强调的部分+that (who) +剩余的部分.
直到他回来我才睡觉。
→It wasn’t until he came back that I went to bed.
只因为他有病了今天没有来上学。
→It was because he was ill that he didn’t come to school today.
3. It is+段时间+since+主语+did.
他已经离开这儿五年了。
→It is five years since he left here.
4. It+谓语+段时间+before+主语+谓语.
没有多久那个国家的人民就起义了。
→It wasn’t long before the people in that country rose up.
从上面的论述可以看出, 句子是作文最大的单位, 有了漂亮的句子, 用好的连词将其连句成段, 再加上亮点词汇的点缀, 一篇好的高考英语作文就有了。
三、结束语
综上所述, 高考书面表达提出的鼓励学生使用高级词汇和高级句型, 为学生充分发挥自己的英语表达能力提供了很大的空间。只要学生充分发挥自己的主观能动性, 充分发挥自己驾驭语言的能力, 学会使用平常见到的、积累的高级词汇和高级句型, 并学会应用它们, 就一定能把自己的写作能力提高到一个更高的层次。
参考文献
包天仁.2005.素质教育理念下的英语测试新探究[M].长春:吉林教育出版社.
高考英语书面表达是考查英语运用能力的一种题型，它要求考生根据所给的情景和要求写一篇书面材料，并能使用一定的句型、词汇，清楚、连贯地表达自己的意思。阅卷评分标准不但强调文章要涵盖所有内容要点，而且还要注重文章中词汇和语法结构的数量和准确性、上下文的连贯性及语言的得体性。
在江苏省的高考英语试卷中，2007年书面表达题的分值占16.7%，2008年占21.6%，可见其重要性。然而现状却不容乐观。考生对书面表达充满畏难情绪，可以说是“谈写色变”。因此，提高高三学生的书面表达是所有高三老师和学生面临的重要任务。
一、 目前高三学生英语书面表达中普遍存在的问题
高三学生在复习过程中的英语书面表达到底难在哪里？通过调查访谈高三部分老师和学生，结合自己教学实践，笔者总结出学生在书面表达中出现的一些共性问题：
1. 逻辑条理不清晰。文章读来让人感觉莫名其妙，东一句西一句，缺乏对整篇文章结构的把握。
2. 语法知识应用能力不强。主要表现在谓语动词的时态、语态以及单复数的使用。
3. 母语副迁移明显。表现为词序安排不符合英语表达习惯，而是按照中文的逻辑顺序排列；词语选择不考虑英语单词的内涵，机械地照搬与中文类似的英语词汇；缺乏英语句型结构意识；冠词使用不当等。
4. 语句连贯性差。很多学生直接将作文要求中出现的汉字翻译成英语，并且句与句之间缺少必要的连接词，从而使得文章内容生硬枯涩。
二、 高三学生英语书面表达能力的日常教学策略
千里之行，始于足下。书面表达能力的形成不是一蹴而就，必须通过平时训练和考前训练，实现量变到质变的过程，必须在平时的课堂教学中由浅入深、由简到繁、循序渐进、一环紧扣一环地进行训练，才有可能最后解决英语书面表达的难题。
(一) 书面表达的语汇准备
高考英语作文不是简单的要点的堆砌，语段和语篇的形成依赖于过渡词语的衔接。任何一篇文章都离不开篇章纽带的起承转合，尤其是高考英语书面表达，尽管它不属于真正意义上的作文，但作文的基本要素却是不能缺乏的。因此，高分的关键和作文的出彩在于过渡词(transitional words)恰到好处的运用。牢记并自如地运用过渡词是每一位考生决胜高考的法宝。考生应该对相关的过渡表达方式的应用加强训练。
(二) 书面表达的句型准备
1. 牢记五种基本句型
在实际的英语写作中，我们应该掌握一些常用的句型以便在实战中发挥作用。高考英语书面表达的句式基本上都是简单句，就是复合句也大都是极普通的常用句式或句型。学生应牢记五种基本句型：(1)S＋Vi＋(A)［主语＋不及物动词＋(状)］；(2)S＋V＋P［主语＋连系动词＋表语］；(3)S＋Vt＋O［主语＋及物动词＋宾语］；(4)S＋ Vt＋Oi＋Od［主语＋及物动词＋间接宾语＋直接宾语］；(5)S＋Vt＋O．＋O．C．［主语＋及物动词＋宾语＋补语］。掌握句型模式对那些基础差、写出的句子“缺胳膊少腿”的同学会大有裨益。对于基本句型可以采取联词成句、情景造句、课文要点翻译、句型转换等方式加以巩固。
2. 巩固一些基本的复合句型
高考对考生的书面表达能力提出了更高的要求，比如要求学生能“应用较多的语法或较复杂的结构”，“具备较强的语言运用能力”。所以在基本句型训练的基础上，还要提高学生用复合句或复杂句式作文的能力。一篇文章若全是简单句，无一复合句或难句起彩，难见考生功力，得高分就不容易了。因此，在基本句型训练的基础上，还要提高学生用复合句或复杂句式作文的能力。这就要求我们的学生应该尝试一些比较复杂的语法结构和不同的词汇，以使自己的书面表达上一个档次。
(三) 书面表达的技巧准备
1. 审题要多心——认真审题,明确要求
书面表达试题一般会以图画、图表、提纲、文字叙述等形式出现，但不管是什么形式，第一要求都是弄清题目的意图。考生在审题中，首先要一字一句地将题目要求看几遍，一定要记住提示内容，看清命题要求和场景介绍，如文篇的对象、目的、事情发生的时间、地点，以及所要包括的要点，篇幅长度，弄清楚该写哪种题材，哪种体裁，哪个主题，有什么具体要求，有无参考词语和结尾句，有无格式要求等。一定要包括所有要点，可先编写提纲，列出重点词语和将要用到的句型等。
根据所给提示,弄清要写的文体，是记叙文、描写文、说明文、还是应用文；是否有格式要求；是否有人称要求；时态应以什么时态为主，间或用何种时态。对题目所给信息，不论是短文，还是表格，不论是文字还是图画，都务必仔细分析，反复推敲，不漏要点，但也不要拘泥于细节。要紧扣题目要求，围绕中心组织材料，理出写作的顺序，规划段落内容的分配，全文的大致逻辑框架，关联词的选用，套语与常规句型的选用。应该在心中建立一个大致的英语写作架构。
2. 写作要细心——抓住要点,扩展成句；适当调整,完善成篇
根据提示，编出要点或提纲。这时应扬长避短，以简化繁，尽量用自己熟悉的、有把握的单词及句型。避免过于复杂的没把握的单词或句型。表达要点时,应灵活机动，适当地运用“曲线”来表达自己没把握的内容。
围绕中心，连句成篇。答题时要根据所给的条件、提示，将事情发展过程合理排列成文，运用平时积累下来的有把握的符合习惯表达的句型。要能够使用一些常用的表示时间顺序、方位关系、因果关系等逻辑概念的过渡词语，将句子按英文习惯连贯成篇。切忌按中文意思，随意排列组句。尽量避免单一句型的重复使用，正确使用高级词汇和复杂句型。
3. 核查要耐心——严格检查,有错必纠
复查纠错是书面表达训练中必不可少的环节，甚至更应引起考生的关注，稍一粗心即会导致大错而失分。检查格式，勿漏要点。写完后要仔细检查一遍，再参照提示要求，看体裁、格式是否对，内容是否全，词数是否够。复查纠错主要包括以下几点：
(1) 查句式：看句子成分是否全、语序是否正确等。
(2) 查动词：看谓语动词时态、语态用得正确与否、主谓是否一致、非谓语动词形式正确与否等。
(3) 查习语、搭配：看是否符合英语表达的习惯等。
(4) 查其他：看有无单词拼写错误，尤其是动词的过去分词拼写是否有误，看词数是否符合题目的要求等。
三、 高三学生书面表达备考策略
1. 鼓励诵读范文
范文可以是历年高考书面表达的参考答案。把近10年的高考范文收集起来，让学生诵读、学习、借鉴。当然范文也可以是各种体裁的、经过老师精选的文章，把它们推荐给学生。
2. 训练题材要多样化
书信、通知、人物介绍、场景记叙、看图作文、表格作文等都要训练到位。同时注意各种报刊杂志上的书面表达的题材，有针对性的加以训练。
3. 写好开头和结尾
高考英语书面表达的开头句一般已为你写好。开始句根据要求一般可以写得漂亮一点，即要用一些好的套语开始。比如：
Although the city is modern and convenient, there are still some problems, such as air pollution, crowdedness and noise.
结尾在书面表达的写作中占有很重要的地位，通常结尾都要算一个内容要点。所以，写好结尾且让阅卷老师有一个完整的印象是十分必要的。好的结尾可以是一段，由一句或几句话组成，能使全文增色。
4. 扬长避短，灵活遣词
遣词的原则是准确、生动、形象，符合习惯。由于受中文的干扰，有的同学往往紧抠着提示中的某个中文词语绞尽脑汁地去找所学过的等同该词的英文词语，不但浪费了时间，更主要的是往往选用的词不恰当。遇到这种情况，可以采取转译法，用同义词、近义词，甚至可用反义词转代表达。如“懒惰”可以用 “not hard瞱orking”，“不熟悉”可用 “know little about”等来表达。总之，尽量使用自己熟悉的，运用较自如的词汇，冷静思考，扬长避短。只要保证达意，并合乎词法要求，问题就不难解决。
5. 加强书写的规范化训练
书面表达是高考英语试卷中唯一一道主观性试题。
卷面是文章给人的第一印象，字写得是否正确好看，标点符号、大小写用得是否恰当，这些都直接影响着教师的给分。在高考书面表达中如果因为书写较差，以至于影响交流的，将被降低一个档次。字好一半文，字迹是否工整是能否锦上添花的重要因素，同时也是体现考生是否治学严谨，是否尊重阅卷教师的重要方面。
在书面表达中，书写不规范很容易失分：学生字迹潦草不清，不注意字母的大小写、也不注意标点和移行的规则同样也会给阅卷老师留下一个不好的印象，导致最后失分。好的书写也是一种能力的体现，需要一个长期培养过程。所以对于高三学生来说，在训练书面表达时，要养成书写工整、规范，卷面整洁的好习惯，在考场上才能水到渠成，始于自然。
1、学校生活及学习成绩
Be getting on well with one’s study
take several courses at school
have English (Chinese, Physics…) every (other )day work hard at …
put one’s heart into…
be interested in …
be fond of
like chemistry best
be good at …; be poor at …; do well in …; be weak in …
make progress in …; fail in …’ be tired of …’
pass the examination; give sb. a passing grade;
major in history 主修历史
He has the best record in school. 他的成绩最棒。
get a doctor’s degree 获得博士学位
be more interesting to sb.
learn about; succeed in…; be active in class (work);
take an active part in …; learn… by heart;
work out a (maths) problem; improve oneself in …;
get 90 marks for (English); get an “A” in the exam;
have a good command of…
lay a good foundation in (language study)
参考cooyu.net
2、师生关系
get on well with sb; like to be with students;
be gentle with us; be kind to sb;
be a strict teacher; be strict with one’s pupils;
be strict in work
We think of him (her) as …; help sb with sth;
praise sb for sth …; blame sb for sth..
give advice on …; question sb on …
be satisfied with …
correct the students’ homework carefully and prepare for the next day; give sb a lot of work;
try to teach sb good study habits; make one’s lessons lively and interesting; teach sb. sth.;
teach sb to do sth.
devote all one’s time to work;
admire (sb.for) his devotion to the cause of education
佩服他对于教育事业的献身精神。
3、课余活动及周末生活
spend one’s time in many different ways;
enjoy doing things by oneself; go swimming;
go for an outing; have an outing at (the seashore);
see the sights of Beijing; play the piano (violin);
play chess (basketball); have a swim;
have dances on weekends; have a picnic over the weekend;
go to the cinema; have a party; hold a sports meeting;
do some reading; help sb do sth; enjoy a family trip;
get everything ready for;
ride one’s bike with sb.to(the park);
There are a lot of activities at (the beach).
We enjoy a change from our busy life in the city.
She would like to bring sth. to the picnic.
It was a very relaxing Sunday.
I’m Li Hua from Fujian, China. It’s my great honor to be here to say something about the global water shortage and ways of dealing with it.
As we know, the global water shortage is becoming increasingly severe mainly due to global warming, environmental pollution and the ever-increasing population. Therefore, it’s high time we did something about it.
Firstly, an effective way, I think, is to reserve water in a scientific way for future use. Secondly, new methods need to be developed to use the existing water resources, for example, turning sea water into fresh water. Thirdly, we must stop water pollution by law. Last but not least, it’s everyone’s responsibility to make good use of water, such as recycling and saving water in our daily life.
In conclusion, people around the world should be aware of the real situation of water shortage, protect the present water resources and explore potential ones scientifically.
（六）抗震救灾，众志成城
1、考题示例
假设你是李华，在得知四川大地震的消息之后，作为校学生会主席，你决定给灾区的中学生写一封慰问信，主要内容包括：
1、得知四川发生突如其来的特大地震灾害，心情非常难过；
2、看到你们表现得非常镇定、坚强，感动得热泪盈眶；
3、患难见真情，全校师生向你们表示慰问的同时，共计捐款12万元；
4、美好家园可以重建，希望你们要看到希望、充满信心。参考词汇：捐款 make a donation to I’m awfully sorry to hear that a horrible and severe earthquake unexpectedly hit your hometown.Faced with such a rarely-seen disaster, you remain so calm and strong-willed that we are all moved to tears.A friend in need is a friend indeed.Thinking about your present situation, we can not wait a minute to make every bit of our effort to help you.I, as the chairman of student union, on behalf of all my schoolmates, express our most sincere pity and care for you.Besides, we make a donation of 120 thousand yuan to you, expecting that it can help you go through the difficulty.A better hometown can be rebuilt.Therefore, never give up whatever happens.Remember we won’t be far away when you need any help!
高考英语书面表达热点话题及范文
（五）观光旅游、景点导游
1、考题示例
假设你是李华，你是一名奥运会志愿者，你将带领一个来自美国的奥运旅游团游览某城市一著名的旅游景点---XXX。请用英文写一个关于XXX和活动安排的口头导游词，主要内容包括：
1、欢迎来到XXX城市，我很高兴成为你们的导游；
2、XXX是一个具有悠久历史的城市；
3、XXX是XXX市的历史性建筑，是XXX的发源地；
4、“XXX”已经成为世界文化遗产；
5、祝愿大家在XXX玩得开心。
2、参考范文
Ladies and gentlemen I feel honored to be your guide for the one-day tour to the XXX.First of all, on behalf my travel agency, I’d like to extend my welcome to all of you.Our schedule for today is to visit the famous scenic spot---the XXX, which is the historic architecture in the city of XXX.As the origin of XXX, the XXX has become the world cultural heritage.I’m quite sure that you will be impressed by the beauty of the royal construction and the long history of the city as well.Wish you have great fun during the whole day!
高考英语书面表达热点话题及范文
（四）迎奥运、讲文明、树新风
1、考题示例(1)
为迎接奥运会在中国举行，请写一篇关于讲究文明礼仪的倡议书，具体内容包括：
1、讲究文明礼貌是中华民族的传统；
2、面对外国友人应热情大方、彬彬有礼；
3、要坚决杜绝公共场所大声喧哗、拥挤打闹、随地吐痰等不文明行为；
4、奥运即将召开，我们将代表中国形象。参考词汇：喧哗 uproar
2、参考范文(1)My dear fellow students, The Olympics are just around the corner.Today I want to talk about good manners and courtesy.We Chinese have always been respected and highly praised for good manners and courtesy, which have, as well, become precious traditions of our people.In a couple of weeks beyond, a large number of foreign friends will come to China to join us in enjoying the Olympics.Beforeforeign guests, we should have an easy manner and behave politely and warm-heartedly.In public places, such ugly behaviors as uproar, pushing or squeezing together, spitting and so on should be determinedly forbidden.In a sense, each of us will not simply stand forourselves but stand for China.Therefore, boys and girls, let’s do it well right now and the eyes of the world are to on us!
高考英语书面表达热点话题及范文
（三）奥运精神
1、考题示例
仔细观看下列海报，写一篇短文阐述图中所表达的奥运精神。要求：表达连贯，可适当发挥想象，100词左右。
参考词汇：羽毛球 badminton 橄榄忮 olive branch 接力棒 baton
2、参考范文 Olympics in Posters There are two people in either posters, each of which tells something about Olympic spirits.In the first poster, two badminton players hold one gold medal together, which suggests that cooperation always comes first in Olympics.Although all the players struggles to be higher, faster, and stronger, the teamwork usually plays a very important role in a lot of events, such as football, group gymnastics and relay races.In the second poster, in the relay race one athlete is passing an olive branch, instead of a baton, on to the next one.What does it mean? It shows us that the Olympics mean more than just competition.Peace and friendship are also part of the Olympics!
高考英语书面表达热点话题及范文
（二）奥运与健身
1、考题示例
请你根据下表所提供的信息，写一篇报告，描述奥运会给中学生生活带来的变化。
迎奥运之前迎奥运之后 学校每周两节体育课，并且有时被文化课占用每天一小时体活课，师生一起开展户外活动 学生只顾学习，忽视运动锻炼重视锻炼，认识到身体好可以促进学习参考词汇：忽视 neglect
2、参考范文
As the form reflects, with the Beijing 2008 Olympic Games’ drawing nearer and nearer, some positive changes have taken place.Before that, each week, only two so-called PE lessons were scheduled, during which sometimes we were actually having lessons such as Chinese, Math, Physics and so on.Most of us, who mainly cared for our studies, always neglected physical training.高中世博会英语作文 魅力上海，闪耀世博
《普通高中英语课程标准 (实验稿) 》 (以下简称《课程标准》) 语言技能目标中关于“写”的目标提到“能写出语意连贯且结构完整的短文, 叙述事情或表达观点和态度;能在写作中做到文体规范、语句通顺”, 并在写作测试部分进一步说明“写作任务、话题、语言结构、文体等要求应和高中学生的认知能力发展、生活体验和语言能力相适应”。
根据《课程标准》中“对学生的作文主要从内容、语言使用效果、结构和连贯、格式和语域以及与目标读者的交流五个方面进行评价”的要求, 采用分档次按等级评分的方式, 从内容的完整性、语言的准确性、结构的合理性以及交际的得体性等方面给出分数。
例如, 第五档作文 (21-25分) 的要求为:
完全完成了试题规定的任务。
———覆盖所有内容要点。
———应用较多的语法结构和词汇。
———语法结构或词汇方面有些小错误, 但为尽力使用较复杂结构或较高级词汇所致;具有较强的语言运用能力。
———有效地使用了语句间的连接成分, 使全文结构紧凑。
———完全达到了预期的写作目的。
因此, 在高三英语复习过程中, 教师可以从以下几个方面来指导学生的写作训练, 提高学生的书面表达能力, 在高考中获得高分。
一、审好题并确定好文章框架
高考英语书面表达题形式各异, 有书信、通知、日记、调查报告、看图作文等。其体裁主要有记叙文、议论文、说明文和应用文, 不同的体裁需要考生用不同的篇章结构将所提供的信息简洁、清晰、准确地表达出来。层次分明、布局合理的篇章结构会让阅卷者在第一时间准确获得题目所提供的信息。
教师应引导学生在审完题后, 遵循“三段式”写作模式来布局文章框架:
第一段:确定好人称和时态后, 引出文章要讨论的话题。
第二段:陈述给出的信息材料的要点内容。
第三段:陈述自己的观点, 表明自己的态度。
二、写好文章的开头和结尾
俗话说得好, 好的开始是成功的一半 (Well begun is half done) ;结尾好, 一切都好 (All is well that ends well) 。成功的开头是写好文章的关键。一般来说, 文章开头要用简单明了的语言引出文章的主题, 要求写什么, 开头就说什么, 直截了当, 尽快入题, 不拐弯抹角、拖泥带水。
文章结尾要进一步强调或突出文章的主题, 使文章的思想得到升华。结尾时要做到精练、自然、得体。尾句与首句遥相呼应, 使首、尾句达到和谐统一, 可使文章内容更加完善, 增强了文章的逻辑性。
三、大胆使用较高级的词汇和语法结构
在写作过程中, 如果仅仅局限在把内容交代清楚上, 只选用一些普通的、平淡的词, 或一律使用简单句平铺直叙, 那么写出来的文章就像白开水一样平淡无味。要想把一篇文章写得优美、写得耐人寻味、写得有深度, 就要尝试使用高级词汇和复杂句型, 以凸显文章的亮点, 给文章增添色彩。
教师在平时的习作讲评过程中应对学生进行点拨, 鼓励学生在适当之处多使用短语表达, 尽量结合教材中出现的一些高级词汇进行写作, 这样会给别人留下功底扎实、语言知识运用自如的印象。
1. 运用高级词汇
He's a good (excellent) student.
We saw (witnessed) an accident.
I have no money (can't afford) to buy it.
2. 使用词组、习语
We had better use (make full use of) something inexpensive.
Finally he saw (caught sight of) the young man's light overcoat in the distance.
3. 采用灵活多样、更有深度的表达
We all live in (share) one and the same planet.
We can look at (view) the problem in many ways.
四、巧用复杂句
“既求达, 又求雅”已经成为高考书面表达高分评判的新依据。要避免单调、呆板的句子, 尽量丰富、灵活地使用不同的句式, 尤其经典句型要力求多用。句式变化多端, 会使文章生动、活泼、流畅, 更能体现较强的书面表达能力。
1. 使用复合句
I hope that kind of activity will continue in the future. (宾语从句)
As a student, I am strongly for the activity because it is very meaningful and helpful. (状语从句)
In order to make the best of learning materials, the students'union of our school is arranging an activity. (状语从句)
The idea, which is intended to promote friendship and encourage economy, is highly praised and supported by the teachers and students in our school. (定语从句)
2. 使用并列句
The strong wind blew and the yellow leaves fell on the ground here and there.
3. 使用倒装句
Should it rain tomorrow, we wouldn’t go swimming in the river.
Only in this way can you hope to make improvements in the operating system.
4. 使用强调句
It was what the headmaster said at the meeting that really surprised us.
She is unwilling to tell me what it is that is troubling her.
5. 使用独立主格结构、分词结构、动名词、不定式
The football match (being) over, crowds of people poured out into the street. (独立主格结构)
All the people invited to the party are young scientists. (分词短语作定语)
Tom's being late for school made the teacher angry. (动名词短语作主语)
6. 使用it句型
It is said that one third of the graduates of this university haven't found a job so far.
We feel it our duty to help the children in the poor areas.
五、恰到好处地用好过渡性词汇
语句间的连接词连接词能起到穿针引线的作用, 使文章结构紧凑、上下连贯、自然流畅。而语言的连贯性主要体现在文章内部各句之间的因果、递进、转折、并列等的关系上。过渡性词语主要以连词为主, 同时也有很多副词短语和介词短语, 教师要让学生熟记并运用好以下过渡词。
1. 并列类
and, or, also, as well as, too, either…or, but, yet, however, instead of, like, unlike, on the one hand…on the other hand, for one thing…for another thing, besides, moreover, even, what's more, after all, in short, in general, in a word, generally speaking, so, otherwise, therefore, thus, as a result, soon, now, then, finally, at last, here, there, in front of, next to, for example, such as, thanks to等。
2. 从属类
because, when, while, before, after, for, as, although, whenever, until/till, as soon as, once, where, wherever, if, so long as, unless等。
3. 经典句式类
Their opinions are as follows.First...Second...Finally...
Here are their reasons.First of all...In addition...What's more...等。
六、书写要规范, 卷面要整洁
高考书面表达是人工阅卷, 漂亮的字体、整洁的卷面无疑会使阅卷老师眼前一亮、心情愉悦, 这个美好的第一印象会为获得高分埋下伏笔。实际上, 每一篇获得高分的高考作文都是形式和内容的完美结合。教师要提醒学生注意在书面表达中避免标点符号使用不规范、字母大小写随意、字迹潦草不清、乱涂乱改、卷面不整洁等导致低分的情况。
1. 经济的快速发展 the rapid development of economy
2. 人民生活水平的显著提高/ 稳步增长 the remarkable improvement/ steady growth of peoples living standard
3. 先进的科学技术 advanced science and technology
4. 面临新的机遇和挑战 be faced with new opportunities and challenges
5. 人们普遍认为 It is commonly believed/ recognized that…
6. 社会发展的必然结果 the inevitable result of social development
7. 引起了广泛的公众关注 arouse wide public concern/ draw public attention
8. 不可否认 It is undeniable that…/ There is no denying that…
9. 热烈的讨论/ 争论 a heated discussion/ debate
10. 有争议性的问题 a controversial issue
11. 完全不同的观点
a totally different argument
12. 一些人…而另外一些人… Some people… while others…
13. 就我而言/ 就个人而言 As far as I am concerned， / Personally，
14. 就…达到绝对的一致 reach an absolute consensus on…
15. 有充分的理由支持 be supported by sound reasons
16. 双方的论点 argument on both sides
17. 发挥着日益重要的作用 play an increasingly important role in…
18. 对…必不可少 be indispensable to…
19. 正如谚语所说 As the proverb goes：
20. …也不例外… be no exception
21. 对…产生有利/不利的影响 exert positive/ negative effects on…
22. 利远远大于弊 the advantages far outweigh the disadvantages。
23. 导致，引起 lead to/ give rise to/ contribute to/ result in
24. 复杂的社会现象 a complicated social phenomenon
25. 责任感/成就感sense of responsibility/ sense of achievement
26. 竞争与合作精神 sense of competition and cooperation
27. 开阔眼界 widen ones horizon/ broaden ones vision
28. 学习知识和技能 acquire knowledge and skills
29. 经济/心理负担 financial burden / psychological burden
30. 考虑到诸多因素 take many factors into account/ consideration
31. 从另一个角度 from another perspective
32. 做出共同努力 make joint efforts
33. 对…有益 be beneficial / conducive to…
34. 为社会做贡献 make contributions to the society
2011高考英语书面表达预测-邀请函
——参加欢送会
假定你是李华，你的一位美国朋友Jane在中国学习中文两年，即将回国。现在由你给她发E-mail，邀请她参加为她举办的欢送会，要点如下：
（1）祝贺她顺利通过考试，她的学习进步很大，为她骄傲；
（2）感谢她帮助你们学习英语；
（3）时间：星期六晚六点；
（4）地点：阳关俱乐部（The Sun Club）302房间；
（5）路线：在你所住并馆门口乘坐332路公共汽车可直达。
注意：
（1）须包括以上主要内容，可以适当增加细节，使内容连贯；
（2）词数：100左右。开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
（3）参考词汇：欢送会 farewell party
Dear Jane,Congratulations on your passing all th
Yours faithfully,Li Hua
【猜题理由】该素材围绕与学生的日常生活相关的话题，体现“生活化”的特点。本篇写作要求写一篇邀请函，能够充分体现生活实际和语言的交际功能。
【构思点拨】写邀请函时一方面需要说明邀请理由，另一方面要把活动的时间、地点、乘车路线等细节问题一定要交代清楚。
【参考范文】
Dear Jane,Congratulations on your passing all the exams.I am delighted you have really made great progress in your two years of studying in China.All you have gained is the result of your hard work.We are proud of you and we all appreciate your help with our English We’ll always remember the wonderful time we spent together.It’s pity that you have to go back soon!So a farewell party for you will be held in Room 302 in the Sun Club this Saturday evening.Could you come by 6:00 p.m.? We’ll have dinner together.By the way.you may take Bus No.332 in front of your hotel and it will take you directly to the club.I wish you success and fulfillment in the years ahead!
袁道铁
一.文体概述: 祝贺信是指在日常生活中，得知同学或朋友竞赛获奖、考上大学、结婚、过新年或重大节日等，给对方祝贺的信件。书写时应做到真诚、自然、亲切动人。祝贺信通常包括以下内容：祝贺事由→所取得的成绩→被祝贺人过去的努力→被祝贺人的优点→表达自己的愿望。二.具体写作步骤：
1.Use the word “congratulations” early in your letter.2.Mention the reason why you congratulate someone, such as graduation, promotion, honor, baby.3.Tell how happy, pleased, proud or impressed you are and why.4.If necessary, tell how you learned about the good news.If you read it the newspaper, enclose the clipping or photocopy of it.5.Close your letter with wishes for the person or expressions of your confidence: wish the person continued success and happiness;express your confidence in a bright future;assure the person of your love, affection, admiration, warmth, interest, delight, pleasure or continued business support.6.Contents: cause；what and when；best wishes.三、常用语块
1.接受我最诚的挚恭喜/祝贺„„
2.很高兴听到„„ 3.很高兴得知你„„ 4.我想表达我对„„的祝贺 5.我为你„„感到非常高兴 6.„„是相当令人振奋的消息！7.我知道这肯定是因为„„ 8.是你非常值得的奖赏
9.祝你一切顺利!
10.祝你心想事成!四.套用句式
1.我很高兴你梦想成真。
2.我写这封信是为了表达我对你英语演讲比赛获得第一名的祝贺 3.祝贺你高考成功。
4.请接受我最诚挚的祝贺和对未来最良好的祝愿。5.我希望你的未来是灿烂的。
6.我们都为你所取得的巨大成就感到骄傲。五.模版Dear ______ , ①I have learned with delight that you ______（祝贺事由）.I would like to extend to you my utmost congratulations on ______.You must be ______.④And I feel very happy for you.⑤ ______（所取得的成绩）is quite exciting news!②③
⑥I know this is surely owing to ______（被祝贺人过去的努力）.⑦It is a reward you richly deserve for your ______（被祝贺人的优点）.⑧Kindly let me know when you ______（咨询对方何时有空）.⑨I hope ______（表达自己的愿望）.⑩My best wishes for your further success.Yours sincerely, Li Ming 六.习作修改(做短文改错，背经典范文)Dear Henry，I am writing to offer my sincerest congratulations your admission into the Biology Department of Peking University as a graduation.As your close friend, I just want you to know what lucky I am to be able to share your pride and howpleased I was at your admission.In my views, you work hard and besides that, youare a very intelligence person.This admission is areward where you richly deserve.I am sure youwill make a greater progress in your study and obtain a brightly future in your life.I wish you greater success in your school career and I am look forward to good news from you soon.Best wishes.Li Hua
Yours, 七．范文展示:假如你是李华，你的好友魏芳在中学生英语演讲比赛中荣获一等奖。请你根据以下内容，给她写一封祝贺信。内容包括：1.表达你的愉悦心情；2.向她表示祝贺； 3.请她介绍成功的经验；
注意：1.词数100左右； 2.开头和结尾已为你写好，但不计入总词数；
3.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。参考词汇：英语演讲比赛 the English Speech Contest Dear Wei Fang, I hear that you have won first prize in the English Speech Contest of MiddleSchool Students, so I’mwriting to givemy sincere congratulations.You don’t know how excited I was when I heard the good news.As your best friend, I am proud of you!Your pronunciation and fluent English left me with deep impression.It came as no surprise to me that you won the contest.Could you share with me how you improve your spoken English? Your experience will be of great help to me in learning.I will be grateful if you can write me back and give me your advice.I am looking forward to your early reply.Yours, Li Hua
八.练习假定你是李华，得知你的外国笔友Peter获得了“汉语桥”世界大学生中文演讲比赛一等奖。你为他感到骄傲，给他写一封祝贺信，要点如下： 1.天天练习讲汉语，从不会到流利，终于成功。2.继续努力，有机会来中国留学3.希望见面和交流。
注意：1.词数100左右。2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。3.开头语和结束语已为你写好。
参考词汇：“汉语桥”世界大学生中文演讲比赛 “Chinese Bridge” Chinese speech contest
Dear Peter, ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours，Li Hua
教师点评：
我的收获：1.常用词汇
2.常用句型
答案三 1.Accept my sincerest congratulations 2.How happy I am to hear...3.I have learned with delight that you„
I have learned with delight that you„4.I would like to express my congratulations on„ 5.I feel very happy for you(r)„6.„is quite exciting news 7.I know this is surely owing to„ 8.It is a reward that you richly deserve for your„9.Wish you all the best!10.May all your wishes come true!四.1.I feel very happy for your dream has come true.2.I am writing to express my congratulations on your winning the first place in the English speech contest.3.Congratulations on your success in the National College Entrance Examination.4.Please accept my warmest regards.5.I hope your future will be glorious.五1.congratulations后+on 2.graduation--graduate 3.what---how 4.was---am 5.Views---view 6.intelligence---intelligent7.Where--that/which或去掉 8.去掉greater前的a 9.brightly---bright10.Look--looking 八．Dear Peter，I would like to express my congratulations to you on your receiving the first prize of “Chinese Bridge” Chinese speech contest.I know that you were not good at Chinese at first.However, you practiced speaking Chinese every day.As the saying goes, “Everything comes to him who waits”.Finally, you succeeded!In my mind, this match is very difficult for a foreign student.So I’m so surprised that you become champion of this competition.If you go on studying Chinese harder, you will have the opportunity to study in China.At last, I hope to see you and communicate with each other.Sincere congratulations to you again!
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