《喜福会》英文观后感
My Reflection of The Joy Luck Club
I wonder that when seeing the name The Joy Luck Club most people would treat it as a story filled with happiness and love.In fact, besides love, it is also about the cultural conflicts between four daughters and their mothers.The film is based on the best seller by Amy Tan of the same name.It shows us the lives of four Chinese women who were immigrants to America during the 1950s.As a mother, each of them has a lot of problems with their daughter because of cultural conflicts.The misunderstanding of love between the mothers and their American-raised daughters, the clash between the generations and cultures, and the struggle for the women to fight for equity touch every audience’s heart.Though I was also attracted by something with extensiveness——I want to talk about some points about the language.I had learnt that what are high context communication and low context communication and what is different between them.The former is one in which most of the information is internalized in a person, while very little in the coded, explicit, transmitted part of the message——we must guess what the real meaning of the words is;while the other is the opposite.Chinese just the stands for the former and English is the representative of the latter.An interesting scene in the movie just shows us this.When Waverly’s boyfriend Richie had a dinner with Waverly’s big Chinese family for the first time, he made some stupid mistakes.He brought his typical American habit when the they were eating and he couldn’t understand what Lindo(Waverly’s mother)mean when she said “ He has an appetite”.When Lindo brought a dish which she was very proud of, as a Chinese, she still said some formulae that the dish was not salty enough and it was too bad to eat;that suggested that everyone around the table should speak highly of her dish after their first degustation;while Richie didn’t understand that Chinese all like to be modest and he criticized Lindo’s cooking, just saying what he thought in his mind directly.What Richie did led to a very embarrassing atmosphere in the dinner and made Lindo very disappointed and
disgraced.The misunderstanding of a different culture and a different language is the mainly reason causing the awkward occasion.If Richie had known what he had faced with was a group of people with different culture and saying a high context language, and had done some preparation for that different traditional Chinese dinner, he could have avoid to making so many foolish mistake.To understand what a Chinese mean you could not just follow the superficial message transmitted by his words, instead, you should connect those words to his cultural background and the situation you are in.By appreciating the movie we could realize the culture of a people from their language.In this movie the cultural conflicts between the mothers’ traditional Chinese concept and the daughters’ up-to-date American concept are fully described by their dialogues and soliloquies.In conclusion, a language is really the mirror of a culture;and if we want to understand the marrow of a culture we could appreciate its language.
Scholars all over the world have paid much attention to Chinese American literature since 1990s.But they mainly focus on cultural themes, such as the pursuit of cultural identity, few studies on the translation of Chinese American literature have been made.Chinese American literature features in language and cultural hybridity, making it a kind of multilingualism to some extent.Thus proper translation strategies should be employed in translating Chinese American literature to maintain cultural elements and the peculiar structure of original as much as possible.Full sense translation meets this demand as it requires that translations should be precise and make sure of the maximum transmission of information in original works.
2 Full Sense Translation and Theoretical Bases
The famous Chinese translator Wu Lao first put forwards the theory of full sense translation.He recommended that translators should reproduce the content and form of the original text precisely and convey maximum information (Wu Lao, 2005:66) .And many scholars, such as Sun Zhili (2008) and Zhou Ye (2008) have explored the usage of this translation strategy.As a translation strategy, it has its linguistic theoretical bases, full sense translation tries to convey the maximum information of speech act.Full sense translation conforms to two series of rules required by speech act theory, which are language constructive rules and language regulative rules.Speech act theory is divided into two kinds of structures that are constatives and performatives.Constatives is about the exactness of language.That is to say what is said must be correct in semantics and grammar.Thus communication should follow constructive rules in order to make others understand the utterance.On the other hand, performatives concern more about interpersonal relationship, which requires that communication must comply with pragmatic rules to make the utterance appropriate (Hu Zhuanglin, 2006:188) .In other words, communication should follow regulative rules besides constructive rules.Therefore, full sense translation consists of many strategies to comply with these two rules.Constructive rules require full sense translation to absorb semantic translation as one of its strategies.
Relevance theory was proposed by Pan Sperber and Deirdre Wilson in their book Relevance:Communication and Cognition in1986.Sperber and Wilson define relevance theory as“Every act of communication communicates the presumption of its own optimal relevance” (Hu Zhuanglin, 2006:196) .In terms of language and cultural differences between the source language and the target language, relevance theory must be taken as a guiding theory for translation.Besides the literal meaning of the text, the author always integrates their intentions into text, hoping readers can read the illocutionary force through context.Thus translators should take cognitive ability, cultural features and linguistic customs into consideration to make translation readers have almost the same feeling as original readers have.Therefore, translators should seek the best relevance to convey his understanding of the original after considering the cognitive differences between the author and translation readers.Thus pragmatic translation which meets regulative rules must be employed to convey the overall information of the original and make translation readers have a better understanding of the author’s intentions.
3 Full Sense Translation and Chinese American Literature
Chinese American scholar Amy Ling defines Chinese American literature as literary works describing life experience of Chinese American people and their descendants in American, written by writers who are influenced by dual ethnic identity and cultural traditions and aim to strive for equality.
Chinese American literature has had a history of more than one hundred years since the publication of When I Was a Boy in China, by Yan Phou Lee in 1887.And the development of Chinese American literature can be divided into three stages.The initial stage lasts from the late 19thcentury to the 60s of 20thcentury.The second stage ranges from the 70s of 20thcentury to the 80s of 20th century and is a golden and transitory period for Chinese American literature from.The third boom stage starts from the late 1980s and the main representatives are Amy Tan The Joy Luck Club (1989) and Gish Jen Typical American (1991) and so on.
The dual identities and special life experiences of Chinese American writers make their works full of distinctive flavors.The first peculiar writing style of Chinese American literature is the extensive usage of language hybridity technique.Many Chinese words, sentences and non-standard English expressions appear in the English original, making the text bilingual or multilingual.Besides, cultural hybridity becomes a popular writing style for Chinese American writers.They present westerners the image of China by reproducing Chinese culture or rewriting Chinese myths.The telling of Chinese stories makes the combination of Chinese culture and American culture possible.
Due to the bilingual and cross-cultural writing features of Chinese American literature, the mission of the translation is not only to converse two languages but also to reproduce the cultural features of Chinese American literature.The combination of many translation methods such as phonological translation, semantic translation and pragmatic translation makes full sense translation applicable to the translation of Chinese American literature.This thesis will take The Joy Luck Club for to illustrate the usage of full sense translation strategies in Chinese American literature.
4 Full Sense Translation in The Joy Luck Club
The Joy Luck Club by Amy Tan has enjoyed wide popularity since its publication and is later translated into more than twenty languages including Chinese.It is comprised of four chapters, sixteen stories about conflicts and fusion between four Chinese mothers and their daughters who are born and grow up in America.The interweave of different behaviors, characteristics and values between mothers and daughters makes The Joy Luck Club an intercultural literature.This thesis will select Cheng Naishan’s and Wu Hanping’s translation, Yu Renrui’s and Tian Qing’s translations versions as examples to illustrate the translation of The Joy Luck Club from the perspective of full sense translation strategy.
4.1 Phonological translation of bilingual text
According to Hu Yong, one of the common features of Chinese American literature is employing Chinese characters in the novel (Hu Yong, 2003:148-149) .In The Joy Luck Club, the most striking feature is that lots of romanized Pinyin is inserted into the English original, making it a bilingual text.For instance, Kweilin (桂林) , mah jong (麻将) , Shwo buchulai. (说不出来。) Shemma yisz? (什么意思?) .To maintain the bilingual feature of the text and convey the maximum information of the original, zero-translation method could be the best choice.Example:
“Jrdaole”—I already know this—She said, as if to ask why I was telling her this again. (Tan, 1989:200)
(a) :“我早知道了。”她只是很平静地说, 好像很奇怪我还要再跟她说一声。 (程, 2006:179)
(b) :“Jrdaole (知道了) , ”她说, 好像是责问我为什么又把这事告诉她。 (田, 1994:162)
(c) :“知道。”她用中文说, 好像在问我为什么我还要在告诉她一次。 (于, 1990:93)
In Cheng’s translation bilingual color is completely dispelled.Thus receptor readers have no sense of code-switching here and the alienation experienced by the original receptors cannot be felt by receptors of the translation.The second translation version reserves the Pinyin, but the Chinese translation following the Pinyin in bracket makes the alienation of Pinyin to Chinese readers disappear.From Yu’translation, Chinese readers may know there is code-switching.However, the translation“用中文说”may cause the Chinese readers consider that“用中文说”may also appear in the original text.According to the above analysis, we can see that all these three translation versions do not comply with the demands of full sense translation, thus as for bilingual text, zero-translation could be a better strategy used to preserve this stylistic feature.Hence the above sentence can be translated as follows:
“Jrdaole, ”我已经知道了, 她说, 好像是责问我为什么又把这事告诉她。
4.2 Semantic translation of rhetoric
Semantic translation requires that translation should be close to the original text, and reserve these cultural elements and stylistic features in order to reproduce the original meaning accurately (Newmark, 1998:22) .Figures of speech play an important role in making the literary work more vivid and picturesque.Semantic translation employs many approaches, such as adding footnotes to the translation to preserve the aesthetic value of the original.
4.2.1 Pun
As explained in The New Oxford English-Chinese Dictionary“pun”refers to a joke exploiting the different possible meaning of a word or the fact that there are words which sounds alike but have different meanings.Translating puns used in The Joy Luck Club semantically could reserve these humorous effects of rhetorical devices.
Example:
In the morning she was there as well, feeding me rice porridge flavored with chicken broth she had strained herself.She said she was feeding me this because I had the chicken pox and one chicken knew how to fight another. (Tan, 1989:189)
(a) :……喂我她亲手做的鸡汤炖的大米麦片粥。他说, 喂我喝这些东西是因为我得了鸡痘病, 一只小鸡知道怎样斗另一只。 (田, 1992:180)
(b) :……给我喂喂鸡只稀饭, 鸡汁是由她亲手滤过的。他说我生了“鸡皮痘” (水痘) , 喝鸡汁正是为了让这只鸡斗败那只“鸡”。 (吴, 1992:166)
(c) :……喂我她自己过滤的鸡粥, 他说我在出鸡痘, 所以要用鸡来克它。 (程, 2006:156)
The pun of“chicken”in the example may be difficult for Chinese readers to understand considering their cultural environment and cognitive competence.As the equivalent expression of“chicken pox”in Chinese is“水痘”, which has nothing to do with chicken, a literal translation here makes no sense.Thus translators can use semantic translation strategy to reproduce the pun in Chinese and add a footnote after it to eliminate semantic obscurity.Comparing the three translations, Wu’translation conforms to the requirement of full sense translation, preserving the humorous and ironic effects of pun.
4.2.2 Simile
Simile refers to the comparison of one thing with another thing of a different kind using words“like”or“as”to create a more emphatic or vivid description.In The Joy Luck Club, many similes involve cultural elements.Thus it is better to adopt semantic translation strategy to make Chinese readers perceive these cultural differences and have an exotic experience.
Example:
And her friends at The Joy Luck Club said she died just like a rabbit:quickly and with unfinished business left behind. (Tan, 1989:5)
(a) :喜福会的朋友们说她死得太快了:撇下身后的事, 一撒手就去了。 (田, 1992:5)
(b) :他在喜福会的朋友们说她死得像只兔子:弃世匆匆, 丢下一堆没做完的工作。 (吴, 1992:3)
(c) :她的喜福会的老友们说, 她走得很快, 像只兔子“嗖”的一下就去了。 (程, 2006:5)
In the example, Suyuan’s friends compare her death to a rabbit, aiming to show the quickness of Suyuan’death.However, in Chinese, people seldom compare people’s death with rabbit’s.Thus semantic translation like Wu and Cheng’s may make Chinese readers have a feeling of originality.Thinking of the differences between Chinese culture and American culture becomes a natural thing for Chinese readers.Therefore, the purpose of showing the cross-cultural features of original is realized in the translation.
4.3 Pragmatic translation of Chinese culture
Pragmatic translation takes translation as across-cultural communicative activity, which emphasizes that translations should reproduce the pragmatic force (the illocutionary force in speech act theory) to achieve pragmatic equivalence between the original and translations.In The Joy Luck Club, Amy Tan integrates many traditional Chinese cultures and customs into the text to make English readers have a better understanding of China.However, the differences of language and culture between original readers and translation readers demand that the translation of The Joy Luck Club should pay more attention to the cultural differences from pragmatic aspect.Only in this way can pragmatic equivalence be achieved and the real intention of the author retained.
Example:
She whispered something in Chinese about“things not being balanced, ” (Amy Tan, 1989:112)
(a) 她用中文低语一番, 说是“事情不太平衡”。 (于, 1990:104)
(b) 她用汉语低声说:“什么东西失衡了。” (田, 1994:89)
(c) 她用中文说了一套什么不平衡, 中国话叫“相克”。 (程, 2010:97)
As translation is a cross-cultural communicative activity, translations should not confine to the language form of original text.To achieve pragmatic equivalence, it is better to choose a language form that adjusts to the target language environment and cultural customs.According to Chinese philosophy, five elements vary in circle and have a relationship of mutual promotion and restraint.In the translation, only Cheng presented the Chinese culture to meet target readers’culturalknowledgeand achieved the author’swritingintentions.
5 Conclusion
二千五百年前的孔子说过,“道不行,乘桴浮于海”。这也许说明孔子获悉过来自海外的移民的信息,是移居日本的吴人(倭人)还是来自更远的移居美洲的殷人(印地安人),就不得而知了。这天我们又接到来自海外的信息,是“道不行”的年代远渡重洋去美国的两代华裔的信息。
中国人对根的认识,可能和其它国人相比有更强烈的情感。故土难离,但离开后更思念故土,正如《喜福会》作者谭恩美的母亲临终时所言,“那的确是孩子该要了解的,作为女人需要熟悉自己的母亲,永远不要忘记我们的祖国是中国,这是母亲留给儿女们的珍贵财产。”
最令我感动的是,影片结尾,琼(吴精美)带着已故母亲的企望和代表深深祝福的鹅毛,来到中国上海,和当年在抗日战争的烽火年代失散的孪生姐妹相会,很难用言语来形容这种悲喜交集的感情,它触动了心灵最柔软的部分,一股热流在涌动。(附加说明的是,影片拍摄现场显然是我极为熟悉的有着多少悲欢离合的上海公平路码头。)小说对这一场景是这样描述的。“她们对我,总有一种无法描绘的亲切和骨肉之情。我最后看到属于我的那一部分中国血液了。呵,这就是我的家,那融化在我血液中的基因,中国的基因,经过这么多年,最后开始沸腾。”
这部影片可能是有史以来集合了最多的两岸三地的华人女影星,多头叙述了四组母女的经历,人物众多,情节繁复,年代跨度大,但有条有理,娓娓叙来,充分显示了编导的功力。两小时的长度浓缩了如此多的悲喜以及对人生好处的思索,使我们恍惚在过去和现实之间,其沧桑感只有《霸王别姬》能够媲美。
在“道不行”的年代,女性的遭遇更为悲苦,因为其作为花瓶或玩物的女性地位和对生殖机器的苛求,缠绕她的还有一份属于母亲的难舍难分的情愫。四个母亲中,一是童养媳,由于小丈夫的不谙人事而无法怀孕,屡遭婆家的白眼和唾骂,但她与命运抗争,利用婆家对传宗接代的急切情绪,移花接木,让与车夫偷情而怀孕的惶惶不安的女仆却成了正房太太,自己获得了一张去上海的车票;二是情窦初开时爱上了花心大少,怀孕后成婚,丈夫的见异思迁使她饱受两年精神折磨,在恍惚时溺死了自己的亲生儿子,以后婴儿的形象却时常浮此刻梦境中,缠绕她一辈子。此刻我们常说孩子是无辜的,这确是观念上一大进步;三是婚后丈夫过世而守寡,因被大户人家强暴后怀孕,却被视为不守妇道,被婆家和娘家先后逐出家门,被迫成为四姨太。生下的儿子又被三姨太夺走。为取得原谅,割臂肉为母亲疗病。在无望中吞食鸦片自杀;四是为在战乱时遗弃自己的孪生女儿而抱憾一生。
到海外即美国后先后出生的四个女儿又有另一番经历,其中母女间的特殊感情和彼此影响描述的极为细腻。一是精明能干的母亲和丝毫不亚于她的女儿,在奕棋及感情婚姻上互相角力,在第一次顺从母亲选取的婚姻失败后,嫁给了老外,最终得到了母亲的默许;二是女儿爱上公司老板,而他却是个斤斤计较的丈夫,除用计算机费用均摊,显然还处处占着妻子的便宜。母亲不要她重蹈覆辙,即使是爱过的男人,如果没有尊重、温柔和爱,就就应离开他;三是也嫁给大户人家,为避免夫家对东方人的讥讽,努力做一个称职的妻子而习惯于自甘卑微,结果失去了丈夫的尊重和爱。在母亲的鼓励下,她最后找到了自我,婚姻重获新生;四是母亲追求什么都做的最好,对女儿的期望也同样高。在母亲过世后,她才理解自责的心理一向在折磨着母亲。母亲把对两位姐姐的期望寄托在她的身上,把三倍的爱给了她。最后她带着母亲深深的祝福,到中国和两位“长着妈妈一样的脸”的姐姐相聚,她圆了母亲的心愿。
当仔细品读一部作品后,你有什么领悟呢?需要好好地就所收获的东西写一篇读后感了。那么我们如何去写读后感呢?下面是小编整理的喜福会读后感(精选5篇),仅供参考,欢迎大家阅读。
喜福会读后感1今天晚上花了两个多小时,把《喜福会》(The Joy Luck Club)这本小说看完了。之所以看这本书,其实只是因为公选课需要读这本书的关系,但是当我读完了之后,发现这本书其实还是很不错的。虽然在公选课的经典书单里面这本书不那么经典,但是我觉得比起其它的书可能这一本反而要更加接地气一点。
这本书里面设定了四对母女,而书中的故事基本上就是围绕着母女之间因为代沟产生的矛盾展开的。这些故事之中有的关于成长,有的关于婚姻,但是我觉得这些故事无疑都围绕着一个关键,那就是女人的幸福。书中的四位母亲,都是成长在战争年代,有的富有有的贫穷,但是都因为机缘巧合有了人生的转折,来到了美国。她们不懂得怎样说一口流利的英文,但是却希望自己的女儿们能够在这里走向成功,获得幸福,不会走母亲们的老路。这种强烈的、带有中国传统色彩的愿望,与从小成长于美国文化的女儿们身上产生了巨大的碰撞。女儿们大都能够理解母亲们的苦心,然而却不能够接受他们母亲的想法。以至于他们都陷入了困境,然而在母亲的帮助下,又再次收获了幸福。
书中给我印象颇为深刻的大概是母亲们的故事。比如说琳达拥有对自己的强烈追求,而用自己的智慧获得了自由;又比如安梅见证母亲的命运而对自己的命运有着强烈的掌控欲望,这种不向命运屈服或者更直接的说不向男人屈服的特质最终遗传到了她的女儿露丝身上。而祖孙三代,也代表了从屈服、觉醒到抗争的三个阶段。比起女儿们的故事,母亲们的故事更加奇异更加特别,也更加发人深思。
然而这本书也并非完美。在我看来,作者采用了分镜头的方法,每一章都可以看做一个简单的故事,而所有的故事又隐隐有一条线索穿行其中可以让它们联系在一起。这样的写法现在渐渐流行了起来,比如说非常热门的《冰与火之歌》。分镜头的写法固然可以让故事不断切换到第一视角,让故事叙述更加方便而真实,但这种方式也造成了读者阅读的困难。尤其是其中有一些事件发生的时间并不明确,导致了故事间的因果也不甚清晰。所以这也可以说是这本书的一点瑕疵。
除此之外,对于我来说,或许还有一点不满意的就是这本书的中译本。这译本给人的感觉过于生硬,感觉译者对中美文化间的差异与相似没有深入了解,翻译技巧也有一定的不足。导致不少语言上的妙处需要注释来点出,损失了原文的趣味。当然,我还是很愿意再读一读这本书的原文或者其他的译本。
喜福会读后感2一直以来很少有机会看电影。这次完整地看了一部荣获柏林电影节银熊奖的《喜福会》,让我深受感染,华裔导演与演员,也可算是中国式的好莱坞片吧。
影片讲述了四对母女的命运与生活,纯真的自我心理剖析让听了很了然。四个苦命的中国女人在国内历经磨难分别去美国,再跟美国人创造的第二次婚姻后又有了各自的女儿。恰好,四个女人也成了多年的朋友,各自情谊都很深,影片开始真正切入主体是母亲对各自女儿谈起早年的时光,悲惨的命运,吃人的礼教,薄薄的人情,不公正的婚姻,赤—裸裸的封建压迫与惨昧的性,把整个近代中国社会刻画得淋漓尽致。总之,个个故事都是悲喜交加,从母亲的母亲再到婆家的家史,从逃沦的岁月到安逸的晚年,从中国的重庆到美国的旧金山,画面不停地在两地之间转换,故事也一个比一个更惨,更出人意料,把整个人的心都和剧中人物连接了起来,这她们担心,为她们惋惜,为中国的过去悲哀,也为人性感到惨淡,剧中的光线也跟周围环境谐调的很好,明就亮的出奇,像一面镜子,暗时凄凉可怕,病态的中国也许就是这样吧!
这四个母亲都是在中国出生成长的,在中国遭到不平等待遇,有的是公婆家的劣待,有的是娘家的排斥,有的是亲丈夫的暴力对待,在这样一个大黑锅下容易使人的性格变质,温柔的也会变为严酷的,渐渐地,她们觉得自己不适合这个时代,这个环境,于是走上了逃亡与流浪之路,从中国一直漂到美国,再也不回中国,把自己的后半辈寄托在他乡,把自己的生命延续到了异乡。她们不能让自己的后代重蹈自己的前辙,于是当她们的女儿长大成人时,母亲对女儿的婚姻格外观注,生怕女儿会走错。母亲毕竟走过坎坷比女儿多,于是第二段故事就出来了。女儿的不幸与母亲的担忧构成了一网他乡的浪清,更是对资本主义社会加以揭露,人情与金钱,善恶与美丑,挚热与冷漠,从面构勒出现代社会的不幸,现代人之间的沟壑,这种不幸的生活遭遇达到一定程度就会爆发的资本主义社会的弊端,终究会穿过极限,整个影片也加以预示,最后在一片亲人的眼泪中结束了影片。
这是一部生活性戏剧,揭露性十分强烈的影片。
喜福会读后感3生活就是一部很长的故事,有喜,有怒,也有离合,却没有大气的导演,也没有著名的编剧,就像你永远把握不了命运的航行,控制不了剧情的发展;却时而要被无谓的琐事所缠绕,包括母亲的唠叨与期望。或许,这些琐碎更像断了线的珠子,唯有母亲的双手将其穿起,穷尽一生,装扮你美丽的嫁衣,还以世人……
对于母亲的往事,我们多半是不去理会的。偶尔碰巧当她和旁人谈及于此,我便会放下手中的工作侧耳倾听,分享她久违的欢乐,时而高扬,时而阴郁,更多的感动之中包杂着些许无奈。
时光飞逝,鬓发渐白。也许真如邓肯所说,“母爱是多么强烈、自私,狂烈地占据着我们整个心灵的感情”。君,一个普普通通的女孩,从小在母亲期望的困扰中成长、挣扎、释放、反抗。在这些所谓的哀怨之下,掩盖的是未知、迷茫、陌生。希望,让彼此间的距离疏远,她也无法及时体会到母亲心里附加的伤痛。在卑劣的环境下,每个人都是一只鸭子,她们渴望自由、独立、尊严,渴望成为一只无拘无束的白天鹅,过着属于自己的,拥有自我灵魂的生活。在现实中,所有的苦难倘若化为一场战争,那么女人的选择只有离开。也许母亲恨的不是女儿的平庸,而是自己曾经对生命的放弃,对两个孩子希望的放弃。
是的,母亲最后成为了一只天鹅,拥有了自己向往的生活,而那根仅留在箱底的天鹅毛,至死也没敢送给女儿,她觉得自己做得不够好。
当爱已无声的时候,我们还能错过什么?打个电话,送个平安,说声妈妈,我爱你!
喜福会读后感4一向以来很少有机会看电影。这次完整地看了一部荣获柏林电影节银熊奖的《喜福会》,让我深受感染,华裔导演与演员,也可算是中国式的好莱坞片吧。
影片讲述了四对母女的命运与生活,纯真的自我心理剖析让听了很了然。四个苦命的中国女人在国内历经磨难分别去美国,再跟美国人创造的第二次婚姻后又有了各自的女儿。恰好,四个女人也成了多年的朋友,各自情谊都很深,影片开始真正切入主体是母亲对各自女儿谈起早年的时光,悲惨的命运,吃人的礼教,薄薄的人情,不公正的婚姻,裸的封建压迫与惨昧的性,把整个近代中国社会刻画得淋漓尽致。总之,个个故事都是悲喜交加,从母亲的母亲再到婆家的家史,从逃沦的岁月到安逸的晚年,从中国的重庆到美国的旧金山,画面不停地在两地之间转换,故事也一个比一个更惨,更出人意料,把整个人的心都和剧中人物连接了起来,这她们担心,为她们惋惜,为中国的过去悲哀,也为人性感到惨淡,剧中的光线也跟周围环境谐调的很好,明就亮的出奇,像一面镜子,暗时凄凉可怕,病态的中国也许就是这样吧!
这四个母亲都是在中国出生成长的,在中国遭到不平等待遇,有的是公婆家的劣待,有的是娘家的排斥,有的是亲丈夫的暴力对待,在这样一个大黑锅下容易使人的性格变质,温柔的也会变为严酷的,渐渐地,她们觉得自己不适合这个时代,这个环境,于是走上了逃亡与流浪之路,从中国一向漂到美国,再也不回中国,把自己的后半辈寄托在他乡,把自己的`生命延续到了异乡。她们不能让自己的后代重蹈自己的前辙,于是当她们的女儿长大成人时,母亲对女儿的婚姻格外观注,生怕女儿会走错。母亲毕竟走过坎坷比女儿多,于是第二段故事就出来了。女儿的不幸与母亲的担忧构成了一网他乡的浪清,更是对资本主义社会加以揭露,人情与金钱,善恶与美丑,挚热与冷漠,从面构勒出现代社会的不幸,现代人之间的沟壑,这种不幸的生活遭遇到达必须程度就会爆发的资本主义社会的弊端,终究会穿过极限,整个影片也加以预示,最后在一片亲人的眼泪中结束了影片。
这是一部生活性戏剧,揭露性十分强烈的影片。
喜福会读后感5飞鸿早期的片子看得不多,多半都是从这里的视频中看个片段。出於各种原因,对大多数角色印象不深。今天看了喜福会,终於看到了飞鸿表演里程上的闪光点。
盈盈这个角色本身并不讨喜,却有着很多挖掘和发挥的空间。飞鸿也仅仅出演了她的青年时代,在我看到的飞鸿为数不多的片段中(也许已是她所有的出场次数了),她将盈盈几个不同阶段的心态表现得淋漓尽致:少女情怀的朦胧和克制,(顺便提一下,她的少女装扮十分清丽,惊艳!)遭遇激情时的幸福与盲目,接受婚姻不幸后更为复杂的心理:克忍,反抗,直至麻木和绝望。在对白不多的情况下,飞鸿用她的眼神,表情和肢体语言将这一系列的变化刻划得丝丝入扣,令人赞叹。飞鸿在校时能演到这个水平,实在可以让现在很多所谓的大腕明星们汗颜。再说一下这部片子里飞鸿的造型,这里并没有仅仅从唯美的角度出发,有些造型乍看之下还难以接受,但十分吻合人物的阶段状态。
认识飞鸿是从王纯开始。的确她成功地塑造了一个前所未有的第三者形像,我个人认为也可以说是后无来者,之后徐静蕾和苏瑾的同类形像毫无新意,乏善可陈,这个问题已经有人讨论过,在此不加赘述。但是,“王纯”的成功有一多半存在于飞鸿本人和角色的相似度,气质,个性,处世态度等等的接近使得飞鸿事半功倍。难怪飞鸿在看了剧本之后自己要求将角色从夏小雪换为王纯。换句话说,在<牵手>里,飞鸿用的是本色表演。而对盈盈的塑造上则大为不同,盈盈的生活年代,人生阅历,知识层面都与飞鸿本人的无法相提并论。飞鸿能将与她本人反差以及角色自身反差极大的人物演绎得入木三分,证明了她的表演功力。
然而自<牵手>之后,飞鸿没有能够接到什么能够与前两者媲美的作品。所拍电视作品中的角色缺乏表演上的突破口,人物类型大同小异,现代片中清一色的白领成功女性,感情生活中有些起伏,如此而已。古装片中全部为经历坎坷的绝色美女,其实和现代片是换汤不换药,只不过古时无白领,反正她没演过生活在底层的平庸人物。偶尔人物性格略有差异,实在不值一提。飞鸿有时也会出现拿捏不准,表演过火的情况。多数时候我认为这些人物是对飞鸿表演的浪费。
作为一个专业演员,应该能够演绎人生百态,而不是千人一面。同时演员这个职业有自己的特殊性,它要求好的从业人员有较高的综合素质:观察能力,模仿能力,自身的爆发力,以及文化艺术修养,各方面知识的积累。当下许多影视明星仅凭着一些外在的东西来吸引公众的注意力,而忽略了他们最应该做的事情。在这方面,我更欣赏容貌虽不出众,但是表演功力深厚的演员,如奚美娟,斯琴高娃,王刚,焦晃等老演员。
一. 喜福会企业文化
1.喜福生日的由来
盘古辟地之后,女娲补天之前,天地无序,陆地生灵涂炭,天界浊气混沌,水域恶龙肆虐,灾祸连连,牲畜竞相夭折,百姓水深火热。
少年胸怀壮志,深谙百姓疾苦,奈何突得怪病,持续高烧,上吐下泻,黄面瘦肌,久治不好。观世音念其赤子为民之心,于是化作智者,道宗问解,告诉他一个方法,称某月某日,八仙路过此地,可备酒水,集亲朋好友,通明灯火,求众仙帮助。少年依计行事,守足七七四十九天,终见八仙,此时已是奄奄一息。八仙为少年虔诚所感动,韩湘子,一曲悠扬仙笛,从阎罗王殿硬生召回少年若即若离的魂魄。张果老倒骑毛驴,燃烧炮竹,拍打鱼鼓,载歌载舞,驱走八方邪气,混浊顿开,朗朗天地,清新迎面。吕洞宾,口含避水珠,剑劈恶龙,斩除少年病根。钟离权,轻摇芭蕉扇,仙风拂面,少年高烧即退。蓝采和祭出仙篮,雷公电母助力,降下花瓣雨,少年气色伴花雨,嫣然和悦。何仙姑,更请来百花仙子,亲手烹制冰洁百花浴,沐后少年体内污浊尽消。曹国舅点石成玉,鬼斧神工雕成生肖玉佩,从此少年百邪不侵。铁拐李,铁拐犁地,种下福禄桃林,供人们岁岁品食,延年益寿。八仙合力为少年治好了怪病,临别时告诉少年:“今日是你再生之日,此后每年今日予以庆祝,定可寿比龟鹿,福如东海。”
少年名文命,字高密,后世尊称大禹,夏朝第一任君王,后成为与尧、舜齐名的贤圣帝王,治理滔天洪水有如神助,划定中国国土为九州,功绩沿袭芳流至今,精神矍矍,近七旬无灾无病。从此以后,民间开始年年庆生,岁岁摆酒,这一天就成为了中国民间最隆重的家族节日——“喜福生日”,它象征着丰收、团结、兴旺,以及人们对新生寄托的希望。而传说
中的八仙百花浴、花瓣雨、奏鼓乐、吃寿桃、燃爆竹、佩温玉就成为了“生日”消灾祛病、祈求来年平安的吉庆法宝和约定俗成的祝福礼节。
2.喜福会服务项目
婴童生日场景布置、礼仪流程设计、摄影、摄像、司仪、化妆、礼服、灯光音响、节目表演等等。
3.喜福会独特优势
(1)我们坚决不做婚礼式的生日宴。
(2)我们坚决不做成人化的生日宴。
(3)我们只做有特色的儿童生日宴。
(4)全国首创,多维立体空间装饰艺术倡导者。
(5)全国首创,上百款儿童生日场景任意选择。
(6)全国首创,新古典全日制生日仪式流程。
(7)“鲜花沐浴”特色摄影摄像服务。
(8)“VIP儿童房”特色景观摄影摄像服务。
(9)宝宝形象主理、全家礼服租赁服务。
(10)独创中式宫廷抓周仪式。
(11)独创中西宫廷加冕仪式。
(12)宝宝摄影摄像动作表情引导,生日礼仪贴身秘书服务。
4.喜福会服务目标
弘扬中国传统文化,传递世界现代文明,创新出自成体系、独具特色的婴童生日典范——文化的、礼仪的、创意的、童趣的。
二. 喜福会多维立体生日场景 国内首创多维立体、虚实结合空间展示艺术,多倍多彩空间装饰特效 国内最多最全,上百款赏心悦目的婴童生日场景
三. 喜福会全日制新古典礼仪流程 国内首创全日制新古典印象礼仪流程。
在谭恩美的笔下, 海外华裔第一代女性、第二代女性的生活被记录、被放大。那些隐藏在繁琐生活之下的找寻主题无形中就被凸现出来。作为海外华裔女性, 她们在不断找寻:在新的文化环境中找寻双重文化身份的他者认同和自我认同, 找寻失落已久的话语权, 找寻根源、找寻灵魂可以回归安息的地方。找寻成为了贯穿于《喜福会》这部小说始终的主题, 并被作者以细致入微的女性独特视角展现出来, 赋予了浓厚的人文关怀气息。而海外华裔女性找寻的最终, 则从一个侧面体现了中国传统哲学中修身的最终境界:所有的找寻都为了寻求内心的平和与喜悦, 所有的找寻为了寻求实实在在的自我满足感与归属感, 所有的找寻为了寻求东西文化最终的统一与妥协。这也正印证了《喜福会》这部小说的名称所在:喜悦和幸福皆是因为所有找寻的结果都落到了实处, 海外华裔女性在新的文化环境中找寻到了自己应有的位置。
从三个层面来对《喜福会》中的找寻进行解读, 可以看到海外华裔女性所找寻的是认同、话语权、根源。作者强调找寻之于海外华裔女性尤其是第一代漂洋过海女性的意义是非常重大的。第一代海外华裔女性通过找寻来为自己重新定位, 通过找寻来实现在旧文化环境中所无法实现的理想, 同时也通过对于找寻的传递和延续使得第二代华裔女性在本质上与其产生共鸣。
从找寻的第一层面:认同来看, 找寻认同成为小说的一个基调:母亲找寻女儿的认同、女儿寻求母亲的认同、华裔女性寻求在新环境中的他者认同、华裔女性寻求在新环境中的自我认同。所有的认同都直接指向了华裔女性在海外所处的困境, 同时也从侧面展现了东西文化之间的冲突、母辈与子辈之间的冲突。认同最终是为了在双重文化背景中自我“多文化人”身份的重新确认, 同时也是为了使得文化间冲突减缓, 达成妥协, 形成统一。
困境不管对于第一代海外华裔女性还是第二代海外华裔女性, 都已成为了一种象征, 它象征着东西方女性的差异, 同时它也象征着东西方文化的差异。
较之第二代海外华裔女性, 谭恩美似乎更注重于展现第一代海外华裔女性所处的困境:处于旧文化环境中不堪回首的过往, 现实中由于文化冲突所造成的意识形态上的代沟与摩擦, 这些使得他们同时陷入失语沉默的困境:无法言表, 无可奈何。他们一方面无法表达出自己所处的困境, 另一方面由于受旧文化传统的影响, 他们也不愿在子辈面前表达出他们所处的困境。就如同小说中林多与女儿薇弗丽长时间的对峙、母亲素云与女儿金美之间所产生的隔阂。所有的冲突和距离来自于第一代海外华裔女性所身处的困境, 来自于他们所处于无法言表又无可奈何的沉默失语之地。
而第二代海外华裔女性同样面临着困境, 他们情不自禁继承着由母亲所传承下来的所谓东方女性的传统, 继承着旧文化所带给他们来自于血脉上的传承。他们无法协调自己所生长环境与自己所传承血脉上文化之间的冲突, 无法协调东方女性与西方女性之间的差异。文化的差异使得他们陷入了相对矛盾的境地:继承的不可回避与现实的冲突矛盾。
困境最终源自于冲突:文化间的冲突、母女间的冲突。而冲突源起于海外华裔女性所承担的特殊的双重文化身份。而与第二代海外所生长起来的华裔女性所不同的是, 第一代漂洋过海的华裔女性更明显处于东西文化的夹缝中, 处于东西文化碰撞冲突的最前线。他们有着文化冲突上的尴尬身份:一方面他们无法彻底摆脱旧文化所带给自己的深刻烙印, 另一方面他们无法妥善应对来自新文化所带来的冲击。冲突矛盾成为了母女间乃至于文化间的表现主题。在小说中, 母亲素云对于女儿吴金美的传统中国式的管教, “在这个屋子里只能容得下服从的女儿。”女儿薇弗丽对母亲林多长时间的误解, 都无疑印证了东西文化间在意识形态上不同所带来的不可调和的冲突矛盾。
站在找寻的第二层面上来看, 找寻认同落到实处则是对在父系社会中长期失落的话语权的找寻。通过对于失落的话语权的找寻, 来达到对自我“多文化人”双重文化身份的重新确认。小说体现出了第一代海外华裔女性对话语权的重新夺回, 话语权在新文化环境下的重新回归。第一代海外华裔女性身上具备新时代女性的抗争精神, 具备了在中国时代更迭时期女性所具有的特质:他们开始敢于说话, 敢于为自己说话, 他们努力发出自己的声音, 来证明自己长期被父系社会所忽视所践踏的存在, 来颠覆自己长期为男人所忽视所不屑一顾的卑微位置。每一个关于母亲的故事都带着对于父权的强烈批判、带着对于母亲的强烈眷恋和赞颂、带着对于女性觉醒和抗争的赞扬。然而与此同时, 他们身上也带着东方女性的传统, 并且通过血脉传递给了自己的女儿。他们在传递话语权的同时, 同样也将东西方女性的差异与冲突传递给了自己的女儿。
而在这种传递中, 第二代海外华裔女性则通过话语权在男女关系的平衡方面上做出不懈的努力。他们努力在新文化环境中自由表达自我:向母亲表达自我、向朋友表达自我、向爱人表达自我、向社会表达自我。而与母辈相比较, 他们则拥有了更多在选择配偶上的自由。然而也正如上文所说的, 第二代海外华裔女性无法调和东西文化上的差异使得他们陷入矛盾冲突的困境。第一代海外华裔女性则在此时成为了第二代海外华裔女性突破并走出困境的领路人。母女冲突在这一层面上得到了解决, 母女关系得到很大程度的调和。母亲对于自身“多文化人”身份的确认的经验的传递上, 很好地解决了女儿在这方面上的困窘与迷茫。小说中母亲安梅在女儿露丝在婚姻上如同她母亲一般日益沦落到卑微的地位, 无法像婚前有自己的主见, 婚姻即将破裂的时候成为了女儿走出迷茫, 走出困境的领路人。她告诉了女儿关于自己母亲的故事, 唤醒了女儿露丝因为婚姻而失去的自我。
在小说中, 不可忽视的是母亲对于女儿所能产生的至关重要的影响作用, 就像女儿薇弗丽与母亲争吵时所说的, “你不知道, 你不知道你对我的影响有多大。你的一句话, 一个眼神, 就会让我再次变成那个四岁的孩子, 每天哭着睡着, 因为我无论做什么也不能使你满意。”正是由于这样至关重要的影响力, 使得母亲们有了成为女儿们走出困境的领路人的可能, 使得母亲们在文化身份重新确认意义上升华为沟通的桥梁, 母亲们自身的经验成为了女儿们走出困境所不可或缺、无法替代的“法宝”。正如母亲映映所说的那样:“我只是生下了她, 而我并未赋予她灵魂……此刻我要释放她的灵魂。”灵魂成为了海外华裔女性消弭东西方女性差异的象征, 成为了海外华裔女性对于新文化环境的认同与融入的象征, 更是成为了海外华裔女性对自身多文化身份确认的象征。
作为找寻的第三层面:对于自身根源的找寻, 则在小说中以代母寻女的形式呈现在观众面前。女儿金美承担起了母亲素云长期以来寻找被自己所遗弃的双胞胎女儿的使命。她的代母寻女, 贯穿在了小说的始终, 这也使得找寻成为了小说的基调, 同时也让找寻这一主题在故事情节的进行中不断地被凸现出来, 呈现在读者面前。
在小说中, 由母女失散所引发出的找寻, 从更深的层面来看, 是寻根情结在无形中的一种展现。第一代海外华裔女性无一例外都有着失母或失子的过往。母辈在逃离旧文化环境中所失去的、所丢失的, 最终在子辈身上得到或多或少的弥补。而作为第二代海外华裔女性金美所承担起的代母寻女, 一方面体现出了他们自觉或不自觉地承担起了弥补母亲由于失去而产生的遗憾和希望, 另一方面也反映出了他们自身对于寻根情结复杂的心态:希望去看到又不希望去看到。旧文化环境对于第二代海外华裔女性而言, 毕竟是陌生的, 从未接触过的。他们所寻找的, 是被遗弃的孩子, 更是需要他们直面的文化继承上无法割断的血脉相传。小说的最后, 同母异父、长大成人的女儿们的重逢, 象征着东西文化最终达成了妥协统一, 统一于女性, 统一于母性。全文所反映的东西文化冲突, 最终消弭在了“同一个母亲”的主题之下, 消弭在了在重逢的女儿们相互凝视的微笑之中。
参考文献
[1]谭恩美.《喜福会》[M].上海译文出版社.2006年5月.
[2]邱畅.论《喜福会》中的文化冲突和文化融合[J].辽宁教育行政学院学报.2007年09期.
【《喜福会》英文观后感】推荐阅读:
喜福会书评 英文07-06
《越狱》观后感英文版06-08
《狮子王》英文观后感06-25
刮痧观后感英文版10-17
飘读后感英文10-16
死亡诗社观后感英文版07-02
神探夏洛克观后感英文10-24
电影刮痧英文读后感06-04
天路历程英文读后感10-19
穿普拉达的女王观后感 英文10-07