八年级下期末物理试题（推荐6篇）
数学试卷
一、选择题：本大题共12小题，每小题3分，共36分．
1．下列各图能表示y是x的函数是（）
2．下列各式中正确的是（）
A． =±4 B． =2 C． =3 D． =
3．在端午节到来之前，学校食堂推荐了A，B，C三家粽子专卖店，对全校师生爱吃哪家店的粽子作调查，以决定最终向哪家店采购，下面的统计量中最值得关注的是（）
A．方差 B．平均数 C．众数 D．中位数
4．一次函数y=﹣x+2的图象不经过的象限是（）
A．第一象限 B．第二象限 C．第三象限 D．第四象限
5．下列各组数据中的三个数，可作为三边长构成直角三角形的是（）
A．4，5，6 B．2，3，4 C．11，12，13 D．8，15，17
6．将一次函数y=﹣2x+4的图象平移得到图象的函数关系式为y=﹣2x，则移动方法为（）
A．向上平移4个单位 B．向下平移4个单位
C．向左平移4个单位 D．向右平移4个单位
7．如图，在ABCD中，对角线AC、BD交于点O，点E是BC的中点．若OE=3cm，则AB的长为（）
A．3cm B．6cm C．9cm D．12cm
8．如图，过A点的一次函数的图象与正比例函数y=2x的图象相交于点B，则这个一次函数的解析式是（）
A．y=﹣x+3 B．y=－2x+3 C．y=2x﹣3 D．y=－x-
39．如图，在数轴上点A表示的数为a，则a的值为（）
A． B．﹣ C．1﹣ D．﹣1+
10．如图象中所反映的过程是：张强从家跑步去体育场，在那里锻炼了一阵后，又去早餐店吃早餐，然后散步走回家，其中x表示时间，y表示张强离家的距离．根据图象提供的信息，以下四个说法错误的是（）
A．体育场离张强家3.5千米
B．张强在体育场锻炼了15分钟
C．体育场离早餐店1.5千米
D．张强从早餐店回家的平均速度是3千米/小时
11．如图，在菱形ABCD中，E是AB边上一点，且∠A=∠EDF=60°，有下列结论：①AE=BF；②△DEF是等边三角形；③△BEF是等腰三角形；④∠ADE=∠BEF，其中结论正确的个数是（）
A．3 B．4 C．1 D．
212．将2×2的正方形网格如图放置在平面直角坐标系中，每个小正方形的顶点称为格点，每个小正方形的边长都是1，正方形ABCD的顶点都在格点上．若直线y=kx（k≠0）与正方形ABCD有公共点，则k的取值范围是（）
A．k≤2 B． C． D．
二、填空题：共8小题，每小题3分，共24分．
13．如果 有意义，那么字母x的取值范围是 ．
14．点（﹣1，y1）、（2，y2）是直线y=2x+1上的两点，则y1 y2（填“＞”或“=”或“＜”）．
15．如图，菱形ABCD的边长是2cm，E是AB的中点，且DE丄AB，则菱形ABCD的面积为 cm2．
16．已知两条线段的长分别为 cm、cm，那么能与它们组成直角三角形的第三条线段的长是 ．
17．如图，△ABC中，AB=AC，BC=12cm，点D在AC上，DC=4cm．将线段DC沿着CB的方向平移7cm得到线段EF，点E，F分别落在边AB，BC上，则△EBF的周长为 cm．
18．一次函数y1=kx+b与y2=x+a的图象如图，则下列结论：①k＜0；②a＞0；③关于x的方程kx﹣x=a﹣b的解是x=3；④当x＜3时，y1＜y2中．则正确的序号有 ．
19．如图，矩形纸片ABCD中，AD=1，将纸片折叠，使顶点A与CD边上的点E重合，折痕FG分别与AD、AB交于点F、G，若DE=，则EF的长为 ．
20．在△ABC中，AB=6，AC=8，BC=10，P为边BC上一动点，PE⊥AB于E，PF⊥AC于F，M为EF中点，则AM的最小值为 ．
三、解答题：共6小题，共60分．
21．（8分）计算：（2 ﹣）2+（+2）÷ ．
22．（8分）某校为了备战2018体育中考，因此在八年级抽取了50名女学生进行“一分钟仰卧起坐”测试，测试的情况绘制成表格如下：
个数 16 22 25 28 29 30 35 37 40 42 45 46
人数 2 1 7 18 1 9 5 2 1 1 1
2（1）通过计算算得出这50名女学生进行“一分钟仰卧起坐”的平均数是，请写出这50名女学生进行“一分钟仰卧起坐”的众数和中位数，它们分别是、．
（2）学校根据测试数据规定八年级女学生“一分钟仰卧起坐”的合格标准为28次，已知该校五年级有女生250名，试估计该校五年级女生“一分钟仰卧起坐”的合格人数是多少？
23．（10分）在平面直角坐标系中，现将一块等腰直角三角板ABC放在第一象限，斜靠在两条坐标轴上，且点A（0，2），点C（1，0），BE⊥x轴于点E，一次函数y=x+b经过点B，交y轴于点D．
（1）求证：△AOC≌△CEB；
（2）求△ABD的面积．
24．（12分）已知：如图，在矩形ABCD中，M，N分别是边AD，BC的中点，E，F分别是线段BM，CM的中点．
（1）求证：△ABM≌△DCM；
（2）判断四边形MENF是什么特殊四边形，并证明你的结论；
（3）当AD：AB= 时，四边形MENF是正方形（只写结论，不需证明）．
25．（10分）某校实行学案式教学，需印制若干份数学学案，印刷厂有甲、乙两种收费方式，除按印数收取印刷费外，甲种方式还需收取制版费而乙种不需要．两种印刷方式的费用y（元）与印刷份数x（份）之间的关系如图所示：
（1）填空：甲种收费的函数关系式是 ．
乙种收费的函数关系式是 ．
（2）该校某年级每次需印制100～450（含100和450）份学案，选择哪种印刷方式较合算？
26．（12分）如图①，△ABC是等腰直角三角形，∠BAC=90°，AB=AC，四边形ADEF是正方形，点B、C分别在AD、AF上，此时BD=CF，BD⊥CF成立．
（1）如图②，i）当△ABC绕点A逆时针旋转θ（0°＜θ＜90°）时，线段BD与线段CF的数量关系是 ；直线BD与直线CF的位置关系是 ．
ii）请利用图②证明上述结论．
从A、B、C、D四个选项中选择可以填入空白处的最佳答案。(每小题1分,共20分)
()1.No one can help you all the time.You should be______control of your life.
A.for B.at C.on D.in
()2.There was something wrong with his car and he repaired it______himself.
A.on B.to C.by D.with
()3.The hotel provides a shoe cleaning service______guests.
A.for B.from C.on D.with
()4.We lost the game______everyone played well.
A.when B.because C.until D.although
()5.The rain beat_______her face as she walked through the wind and rain.
A.at B.against C.in D.from
()6.He is creative.He’s going to turn his car_____a playroom for the children.
A.with B.into C.in D.from
()7.Mr.Green is a kind man.He always tries his best to help______weak.
A.a B.the C.an D.不填
()8.The apartment my parents live in is about 360 square feet_______size.
A.for B.on C.in D.at
()9.When I got to my apartment,I saw my son running_____me happily.
A.around B.with C.toward D.about
()10.Liu Jing’s mother is very kind and she often speaks_______a kind way.
A.for B.by C.in D.of
()11.We have shirts in different colors______40 yuan each.
A.of B.with C.for D.at
()12.We regard Amy______one of the most successful fi lm actresses.
A.to B.with C.as D.of
()13.______have you lived in the countryside?
—Since fi ve years ago.
A.How soon B.How long C.How often D.How much
()14.______we grow up,our parents get older.
A.Unless B.Although C.As D.While
()15.Her own twelve pictures sold very well,______to friends and family.
A.usually B.Mostly C.Hardly D.recently
()16.She hasn’t_____decided if she will come or not.Let’s wait for her answer.
A.already B.yet C.ever D.never
()17.During his second day Edward looked_____more tired than on his fi rst day.
A.even B.quite C.only D.pretty
()18.We have different opinions______the matter.
A.about B.of C.in D.at
()19.Stop_______—you’re giving me a headache!
A.shouting B.shout C.to shout D.shouted
()20.It’s_______—I’m sure I locked the front door just now but now it’s open.
A.strange B.Useful C.Simple D.crazy
二、情景交际
(一)根据对话内容,从方框中选择恰当的选项补全对话,其中有两项多余。
A:Hi,Ken.You don’t look very good.(21)______
B:I have a cold.
A:Why don’t you go home?
B:I can’t.(22)______But I don’t feel well.
A:Talk to Carol.She will understand.
B:OK.(23)______
A:Feel better soon!
(In Carol‘s offi ce)
B:Hi,Carol.Can I ask for leave(请假)?
C:What’s wrong,Ken?(24)______
B:No.But I have a sore throat.
C:(25)______You can go home.
B:Thanks,Carol.But I’m sorry I can’t fi nish the work today.
C:Don’t worry about your work.Go home and get better!
A.Do you have a sore throat?
B.I have too much work to do.
C.Should I take some medicine?
D.You probably have a cold.
E.What’s the matter with you?
F.I will go to her offi ce now.
G.Do you have a fever?
(二)根据对话内容,在空白处填上恰当的句子,使对话完整、通顺。
A:Mark,I plan to volunteer to work in the old people’s home.Are you interested in it?
A:This Saturday.The weather will be fi ne.
(In the old people’s home)
A:Oh,the house is in a mess(杂乱不堪)!
B:(27)_______________________?
A:You should clean out these old boxes fi rst.
B:OK.This cleaning job is so easy.What’s Rob’s job?
A:He is cleaning the whole living room.The lights,the floor...everything!
B:(28)_______________________?
A:Yes.I will help him.
(In the living room)
A:Rob,how is your cleaning going?
C:Not very well.I still have a lot to do.
A:I can help you.(29)_______________________?
C:You just need to clean the fl oor.
A:OK.I can fi nish that quickly.
C:And one more thing!
A:(30)_______________________?
C:Can you play some music?We can listen to music while we clean.
三、完形填空
先通读下面的短文,掌握其大意,然后从A、B、C、D四个选项中选择可以填入空白处的最佳答案。(每小题1分,共10分)
A
Do you know who played the role of Superman in the fi lm Superman?He was Christopher Reeve,a(n)31,and he was famous for his performance in the movie.
Like Superman,Christopher Reeve was afraid of nothing.He was good at fl ying planes,riding horses and many other activities.But32changed(改变)in 1995.When riding a horse,he fell and33himself badly.The doctors thought it was34for him to live long.Reeve even thought of35his life to end everything.36,when he thought of his family,he knew he couldn’t.From then on,he began to37for his life.
At the end of 1995,he left hospital.Soon after that,he felt he was ready to face the world again.He wanted to tell people no matter38problems they had,they shouldn’t give up.He began to make speeches,and they helped lots of people39body problems.
He also went back to work and made his first film,In the Gloaming.Although he lost control of his body,he still had his40and his dream.He was,and would always be Superman!
()31.A.expert B.actor C.reporter D.visitor
()32.A.something B.anything C.everything D.nothing
()33.A.hurt B.lost C.turned D.sent
()34.A.available B.serious C.diffi cult D.useful
()35.A.looking up B.coming up C.making up D.giving up
()36.A.However B.Certainly C.Hardly D.Again
()37.A.look B.fi ght C.serve D.wait
()38.A.when B.which C.that D.what
()39.A.in B.for C.with D.of
()40.A.reason B.culture C.trouble D.spirit
B
Dear Deborah,
Thanks to you,we are able to have a comfortable“home”for our children to live and learn in this year.Last Monday,Michael and his sister,Janet,celebrated Michael’s 9th birthday41cake and cards in the nice place.There was a look of joy on their lovely42.
Thank you for your kind gift of$1,000 to Children’s Residential Services of Greater Boston.For the homeless children like Michael and Janet in our center,your kindness makes a43to them.
With your help,we’ll buy new computers for our children in a day or two.The children can’t44to use the computers to do their homework and talk with their friends!
The computers are part of our Excellence in Service Campaign that will make our“home”even45for Michael,Janet and their new friends.
We would love you to visit our“home”,46you can meet our children.We love to show you around our“home”,and the children enjoy47visitors.One or two might even show you48they can do with their new computers.
Janet Teebs,our development director(负责人),is always49to set up a visit for you,or to answer any question you may have.Please50her at 520-446-0912,or e-mail her at janetteebs@CRS.com.
Again,thank you for all you did for our children.You are a part of their lives too.
Sincerely,
Malcolm Wexter
Executive Director
()41.A.for B.on C.about D.with
()42.A.eyes B.faces C.hearts D.mouths
()43.A.decision B.message C.difference D.problem
()44.A.wait B.try C.remember D.choose
()45.A.dirtier B.Noisier C.nicer D.bigger
()46.A.so B.unless C.until D.or
()47.A.organizing B.training C.meeting D.controlling
()48.A.what B.when C.how D.why
()49.A.busy B.upset C.welcome D.available
()50.A.hear B.call C.watch D.write
四、阅读理解(每小题2分,共60分)
A
One cold Sunday,Mariko and her dad were walking to the store.
“I’m tired of winter,”said Mariko.
Dad waved(挥手)at their neighbor.“I know Mr.Hill hopes spring will come too.”
Mr.Hill was sitting and enjoying the sun in his garden(花园).He waved,and Mariko waved back.
“Mr.Hill loves his garden,”said Mariko.Mr.Hill had the most beautiful spring fl ower garden.It was full of daffodils(黄水仙).
Dad said,“Yes,he does.And because he is old,it is hard for him to go outside in winter.”
At the store,Mariko helped Dad choose milk,bread and carrots.
“You may choose something for yourself,Mariko,”said Dad.
At first Mariko thought apples would taste good.But then something else caught her eye,“Oh,Dad,look,daffodils!”
“Is that something you want?”asked Dad.
“Yes!”Mariko said happily.
Mariko couldn’t stop looking at her daffodils all the way home.But when she got to Mr.Hill’s house,she stopped,“Maybe I could...”
“Wait here,Dad,please,”she said.“I’ll be right back.”
Mariko ran to Mr.Hill and gave him the daffodils.
“What a wonderful winter surprise!”said Mr.Hill.“You have brought me spring!”
根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
()51.What did Mariko and her father do on Sunday?
A.They did some shopping.B.They worked in the garden.
C.They visited their neighbors.D.They helped Mr.Hill pick fl owers.
()52.What did Mariko and her father NOT bring home?
A.Apples.B.Carrots C.Milk D.Bread
()53.Mariko chose daffodils probably because______.
A.they were colorful B.her mother liked them
C.her garden needed new fl owers D.the fl owers made her think of spring
()54.From the story,we know that Mariko______.
A.disliked shopping B.liked daffodils best
C.was popular with her neighbors D.was kind and thought of others
()55.What is the best title of the story?
A.A shopping day B.A winter surprise
C.Beautiful fl owers D.Spring and winter
B
“Mom,you won’t believe what Anna’s grandfather bought her for her birthday!”shouted Michelle.
“What?”asked Mom.
“A horse,”said Michelle.“Can I have one for my birthday?”
“No,Honey!I’m sorry but we don’t have enough money,”said Mom.
Michelle walked to her room.The phone rang(响起铃声),and Michelle answered.
“Will you get one for your birthday?”asked Anna.“We can ride them together.”
“No,”said Michelle.“Mom said we don’t have enough money.”
“Oh.Er...I have to feed Sir Charles.See you tomorrow,”said Anna.
“Maybe I can help Anna feed Sir Charles,”thought Michelle.She picked up the phone,but her mom was on the phone.
“That would be wonderful.I think she’ll enjoy the riding lessons,”said Mom.
Michelle even didn’t hear her mom walk in the room.
“Honey,I want to talk to you,”said Mom.
Michelle put the phone down.“I didn’t mean toeavesdrop.I was going to call Anna,”said Michelle.
“So you heard about the riding lessons?”asked Mom.
“Yes,”said Michelle.
“I don’t have enough money to buy a horse,but I thought you’d like to learn to ride it.Mrs.Mayberry gives lessons every Saturday.She said you and Anna could be in the same class.I know it’s not the same as having your own horse,but...”said Mom.
“It’s better,”said Michelle.
“Why?”asked Mom.
“Anna has to feed Sir Charles every day.It takes lots of time,”said Michelle.
“So you’re satisfi ed?”asked Mom.
“Of course.It’s the best birthday gift ever,”said Michelle.
根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
()56.Michelle’s mom didn’t agree to buy her a horse because______.
A.she didn’t like horses
B.a horse needed too much money
C.Michelle didn’t have time to care for a horse
D.it was dangerous for Michelle to ride a horse
()57.Sir Charles was______.
A.a horse B.a dog C.Anna’s grandfather D.Michelle’s grandfather
()58.The underlined word“eavesdrop”in the passage means“_____”in Chinese.
A.抱怨B.放弃C.偷听D.拒绝
()59.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A.Michelle didn’t like feeding horses.
B.Anna wanted Michelle to help her feed her horse.
C.Anna’s father bought her a horse for her birthday.
D.Michelle would learn to ride a horse from Mrs.Mayberry.
()60.What’s the best title of the passage?
A.A telephone call
B.Anna and Michelle
C.How to ride a horse
D.The best birthday gift
C
Dear Tommy,
I’m in Paris now!Mom,Sally and I came here to visit my uncle.We are having a wonderful time.Dad didn’t come because his company(公司)sent him to work in Japan last month.He will have to stay there until November.
For Sally and me,it’s our first time to come to France.We are so excited!Last week Mom went to different shows alone.She used to study in Paris,so she knows the city well.Sally and I visited many interesting places with Aunt Susan.Although we can’t speak French,it’s OK.Aunt Susan and Uncle Tyler can speak both French and English.
Yesterday afternoon,Mom,Sally and Aunt Susan stayed home cooking dinner.Uncle Tyler took me fi shing.We drove for an hour and fi nally arrived at his favorite lake.First,we walked around the lake looking for a good place to fi sh.Uncle Tyler said we should fi sh from the top of a large rock.
I was so interested in catching a fi sh that when I threw my fi shing line and hook(鱼钩)out,the rod(鱼竿)went with them!Uncle Tyler got my rod out of the lake.Then he said that next time,I should wait until he put bait(鱼饵)on the hook.
We fi shed for two hours and my uncle caught four fi sh.He is a fantastic fi sherman.The only thing I caught was a cold.I can’t wait to go again soon,so I can become a great fi sherman like him.
Yours,
Frank
根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
()61.Frank’s father went to Japan to______.
A.work B.study C.take a holiday D.visit his brother
()62.Who CANNOT speak French?
A.Susan and Tommy B.Sally and Susan.
C.Frank and Tommy D.Sally and Frank.
()63.Which word best describes Frank when he was fi shing?
A.Bored.B.Excited.C.Angry.D.Careful.
()64.Which of the following is TRUE according to the letter?
A.Frank will stay in Paris with his family until November.
B.Frank got sick after he fi shed in the lake with his uncle.
C.Sally used to study in Paris and she visited many places there.
D.Sally spent an hour cooking dinner with her mother and aunt.
()65.What will Frank probably do if Tyler asks him to go fi shing next time?
A.Go with him.
B.Send him a newrod.
C.Say no to him.
D.Prepare some bait himself.
D
Hi!I’m Lilly.My family and I live in a big house.I’m 11 and I have a younger brother,Tom.He is 8.
My mom is a nurse,and she works in a hospital.She works a lot,and usually at night.She doesn’t have enough time to do the housework,so my dad often helps her and he likes it.My dad works in a bank.He arrives home at about 4 p.m.,so he can do a lot of things at home.
Every evening Dad cooks dinner.My brother and I help him.After dinner Dad does the dishes and I help him dry them.Then we take a shower and Dad reads us short stories.
In the morning,Mom makes breakfast.Tom and I make our beds.Then Dad takes us to school by car.
On Saturday,we clean the house.I clean the furniture(家具)and Dad sweeps the floor.Tom takes the rubbish out and waters the plants.Dad likes cleaning the windows but he hates ironing(熨).He never does it.My grandma comes to us twice a week and she irons our clothes.
On Sunday,we wash the car together and Dad often takes us to play in the park and eat in our favorite restaurant.
根据材料内容判断正(T)误(F)。
()66.Lilly is four years older than Tom.
()67.Lilly’s mom never works at night.
()68.Lilly and her brother go to school by car.
()69.Lilly’s brother is so little that he can’t do any housework.
()70.Lilly’s father doesn’t like ironing,but he likes cleaning the windows.
E
On Thursday a new boy came into the classroom.He didn’t have any uniform on.Just trousers,a jacket and a shirt.Tom could see that the boy wasn’t quite comfortable.He had a plastic(塑料的)bag with exercise books,pens,pencils,rulers and erasers in it.The boy stood at the blackboard.Miss Fair talked to the boy,and then she said,“Boys and girls,this is Peter Rivers.He is your new classmate.Peter is your age.I hope you’ll get on well with each other.Peter will spend a lot of time together with you,and outdoors too.”Miss Fair asked Peter to sit next to Tom at the desk near the window.
The students had math after that and Tom could see that Peter was not bad at it.He counted(数数)well.It was not diffi cult for him at all.Then Miss Fair said,“It is half past twelve.It’s time to have lunch.”Peter joined Tom and went to wash his hands.Then the boys sat down on the fl oor and started to open their lunch bags.Tom opened his bag and put his hand in it.He took out an old brown apple,some old cheese and some bits of fi sh from dinner.“Oh,no!”cried Tom.“This is rubbish.I have the wrong bag.I took the rubbish bag and left my lunch bag at home.I have only rubbish for lunch today.”The other children laughed and laughed.Then Peter said,“I have two eggs.Why don’t you have one?I don’t need two.And would you like some bread?”Tom smiled,“Thanks.Now I’ll always look in my lunch bag before I bring it to school.”
根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
()71.How many kinds of things did Peter have in his plastic bag?
A.Three B.Four C.Five D.Six
()72.Which of the following is TRUE about Peter?
A.He wore a coat and a shirt to school.
B.He had lunch in the school dining hall.
C.He was disabled and couldn’t play outdoors.
D.He had no trouble counting in the math class.
()73.How did Tom feel when he saw what was in his lunch bag?
A.Bored B.Afraid C.Excited D.Upset
()74.What would Tom probably have for lunch?
A.Bread and an apple B.Cheese and an apple
C.Bread and an egg D.Cheese and an egg
()75.What is the passage mainly about?
A.Tom’s favorite teacher B.Tom’s new classmate
C.Tom’s math class D.Tom’s lunch
F
When a person is hurt or suddenly(突然)becomes ill,people give him immediate(立即的)care.We call it fi rst aid.(76)______Immediate action is necessary when someone loses lots of blood or when breathing stopped for a short time.
Everyone should know something about how to care for a person with a sudden illness.Even a small injury(损伤)can be very dangerous.(77)______
When first aiders face a sudden situation,they must be able to keep calm(镇静的)and organize other people to help.He or she must know how to control blood and take care of injuries.(78)______
In our country,hundreds of people die in traffic accidents every year because most people don’t have first aid information.(79)______We may face a sudden situation anywhere.One day somebody from our family may get hurt or suddenly become ill.(80)______
根据材料内容将方框中A—E五个句子填入文中空缺处,使短文内容完整、正确。
A.If more people know about fi rst aid,more lives could be saved.
B.If we don’t want to be helpless in such a situation,we have to know fi rst aid.
C.When there is a sudden situation,time is very important,so fi rst aid plays a very important role.
D.Knowing how to move the injured without causing(引起)more injuries is also very important.
E.And it may result in death,so everyone should know something about fi rst aid.
五、词汇运用(每小题1分,共20分)
A)根据句意及所给首字母提示,补全句中所缺单词。
81.Leo has a t___.I advised him to see a dentist.
82.The bus stopped to let the p___ off.
83.People in the western countries often eat with k___ and forks.
84.The bag of rice weighs about 50 k___.
85.His daughter is a n___.Her job is to look after the sick.
B)根据句意,用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
86.We have to make a________(decide)about where to go on vacation
87.His________(foot)are too big.We don’t have the right size of shoes for him.
88.Parents should tell children the________(important)of doing the housework.
89.Flora has a________(stomach),so she doesn’t want to eat anything.
90.All of us are surprised at the________(die)of the man because he is too young.
91.It was a good________(feel)to be arriving home again.
92.Who’s the________(own)of this house?
93.Careful!There’s_________(break)glass on the fl oor.
94.I wanted to thank them for all their________(kind).
95.She explained(解释)the whole idea again,but I still didn’t_____(understand).
C)根据句意及所给汉语提示,写出句中所缺单词。
96.There was a(n)______(通知)on the board saying the class had been cancelled(取消).
97.One of the boys was pushing the other along in a little box on_____(轮子).
98.We should care for the________(有残疾的)people.
99.Lisa met with many________(困难)when traveling.
100.I was tired so my friend________(扛)my heavy bag for me.
参考答案:
一、1---5DCADB 6---10 BBCCC
11---15 CCBCB 16---20 BAAAA
二、21---25 EBFGD
26.When should we do that
27.What should I do fi rst
28.Does he need any help
29.What do I need to do
30.What’s it
三、31---35 BCACD 36---40 ABDCD
41---45 DBCAC 46---50 ACADB
四、51---55 AADDB 56---60 BACDD 61---65 ADBBA
1. ——How’s the weather in Harbin? ——It’s ____.
A. snowB. snowsC. snowingD. to snow
2. Her father is a teacher. He ____ in a high school.
A. teachB. teachsC. teachesD. teaching
3. ——____? ——She’s a nurse.
A. What’s your mother doingB. How’s your mother
C. What does your mother doD. Is your mother a nurse
4. That old woman likes nice words about her ____.
A. look atB. lookingC. good-lookingD. looks
5. Today you can ____ your father’s car to school.
A. takeB. goC. byD. in
6. ——What ____ the boys ____?
——They’re playing football.
A. is， doing B. are， doing C. do， doD. does， do
7. What ____ do you want?
A. other B. others C. else D. else’s
8. There is a small house ____ on the hill(小山).
A. standsB. standC. standingD. stood
9. It’s boring. I ____ it.
A. can’t standB. loveC. enjoyD. don’t mind
10. ——What did you do last night?
——I didn’t do ____.
A. everythingB. somethingC. anythingD. nothing
Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空。
1. It’s only ten ____(minute) walk from the station to the hotel.
2. The cat is washing ____(it) face. Isn’t it funny?
3. We often go ____(swim) in summer.
4. Listen! Who ____(sing) in the next room?
5. Now he ____(take) off (脱下) his clothes.
6. ——Did you ____(have) a great time?
——Yes， I did.
7. We are enjoying ____(watch) a football match on TV.
8. Her job is to look after ____(child).
9. Don’t make the child ____(cry).
10. Do you mind my ____(take) this place?
Ⅲ.将下列句子重新排列为一段意思通顺的对话(5分)
A. What are we going to buy for Mother for her birthday?
B. No， she already has a lot of cookbooks.
C. Great idea! She’ll like that.
D. I know one thing she likes—cooking.
E. Oh， she does? Then let’s get her a cooking video.
F. OK. Then how about getting her a cookbook?
G. I’ll order one over the Internet tonight.
H. I don’t know. What does she like?
_______________________________
Ⅳ.补全对话，每空不限于一个单词
A: Can I help you?
B: __1__. I’m looking for a shirt for myself.
A: What size do you wear?
B: Size 40.
A: __2__?
B: Blue， please if you have.
A: I think this will be very nice.
B: Can I try it on here?
A: __3__.
B: (Coming out of the change room. ) I think it’s OK. But I’m afraid it’s a bit expensive. Can I get it at a discount(打折)?
A: Yes. It’s 10% off today.
B: OK. __4__. By the way， do I have to pay cash (现金)?
A: Yes. Only cash. (Handing over the shirt. ) Here you are.
B: Thank you.
A: __5__.
1.____2.____ 3.____ 4.____ 5.____
Ⅴ.完形填空
Miss Williams is __1__ English teacher. Her __2__ is near her school. This morning, it’s very cold and __3__. __4__ her way to school, her eyes and face become red. She goes to her office __5__. It is warm there. Just then, a boy comes in and __6__ her. “Can I help __7__, Miss Williams?” The boy asks. “There’s nothing __8__； everything is OK.” Miss Williams answers. “Why are you crying? School’s not so bad.” The boy says. “I am not crying, it’s too cold and windy __9__, so my eyes and face turn red. School’s not so bad. I think __10__, too,” Miss Williams smiles.
1. A. aB. anC. the
2. A. homeB. familyC. house
3. A. windyB. windC. warm
4. A. InB. OnC. By
5. A. quietlyB. quicklyC. quick
6. A. sees B. seeC. saw
7. A. youB. yourC. yours
8. A. rightB. wrongC. all right
9. A. insideB. hereC. outside
10. A. yesB. thatC. so
Ⅵ.阅读理解
Mrs Jackson is a Canadian doctor. She is now in Shanghai. She works in a hospital. She likes Chinese medicine(医学) very much. She thinks the Chinese medicine is very strange(神奇). She wants to know much about Chinese medicine. So she is learning Chinese and can read much Chinese, too.
Her husband, Mr Jackson, is a manager of a big company(公司). He works very hard, too. He goes to work on weekdays. Sometimes, on Sat-urday and Sunday, he has to work, too. He is very busy. He has many things to do every day. He makes much money.
1. What does Mrs Jackson like very much?
_________________________________
2. Where does she work now?
_________________________________
3. Why does she learn Chinese?
_________________________________
4. Does Mr Jackson have to work on Saturday and Sunday sometimes?
_________________________________
5. They are very rich(富有的), aren’t they?
_________________________________
Ⅶ.阅读改错(本文有10个错误，在错词下面划线，并改正)
In sunday morning， Jack often goes shopping and his mother. The shop isn’t far to his home. They often go to there on foot， but some-times they goes there by bus. The shop is big and it sell a lots of things: milk， Coke， fruits， fish and so on. The shop assistant are very friendly. They help we choose(挑选，选择) things.
1.____ 2.____ 3.____ 4.____ 5.____
6.____ 7.____ 8.____ 9.____ 10.____
Ⅷ.写作练习
根据下面的提示写一篇不少于50词的短文
1.布鲁斯(Bruce)的叔叔住在乡下。布鲁斯经常在暑假时回来看叔叔；
2.叔叔所在的村子(village)有许多高高的树以及漂亮的花，布鲁斯很喜欢这个村子；
3.叔叔有3只小狗，布鲁斯经常喂(feed)小狗，他很喜欢和狗玩，他在乡下玩得很高兴。
一 二 三 合计 四 五 六 合计
得分
Ａ卷（100分）得分
评卷人
一、积累运用(共24分)
1、下列加点字读音无误的一项是（）（2分）
A、发怵（shù）淳朴（chún）匿名（nì）城隍（huáng）B、囿于（yòu）家醅（pēi）抠下（ōu）苋菜（xiàn）C、招徕（lái）凤哕（huì）门楣（méi）门槛（kǎn）D、沏茶（qiē）蹲踞（jū）忌讳（huì）手腕（wǎn）
2、下列词语书写有误的一项是（）（2分）A、熹微铁铉即物起兴顾名思意 B、譬喻馄饨悠然自在左邻右舍 C、寄名煨炖囊萤映雪兴高采烈 D、糯米过瘾随机应变两粒橄榄
3下列句子中加点的成语使用不正确的一项是（）（2分）
A、听到敲门声，我和妈妈不约而同地跑去开门。准是爸爸出差回来了！可开门一看，是查水表的王叔叔。
B、学习成绩的提高得有个循序渐进的过程，想一口吃成个胖子，那是不切实际的。
C、目前，一些厂商在广告上弄虚作假，对自己的产品大事渲染，以此误导群众，骗取不义之财，这也是一种违法行为。D、日本军国主义者所发动的侵华战争给中国带来了空前的灾难，可是日本文部省却别具匠心地一再修改日本中小学课本，掩盖战争罪行。
4、下列句子有语病的一句是（）（2分）
A、一年四季不论刮风下雨，胡同里从早到晚叫卖声不停。B、母亲得意地说了一遍又一遍，高兴得两颊红红的。C、杨七的手艺好，关键靠两手绝活。
D、水上公园的春天，简直是一个美丽的大花园。
5、对下列句子所用修辞手法判断正确的一项是（）（2分）
（1）也有解散辫子，盘得平的，除下帽来，油光可鉴，宛如小姑娘的发髻一般，还要将脖子扭几扭。实在标致极了。
（2）一对灰色的眼睛射出一道豹似的目光。（3）风！你咆哮吧！咆哮吧！（4）盲目增加耕地用水、盲目修建水库截水、盲目掘堤引水、盲目建泵站抽水。（5）那么，我们有什么理由和资格嘲笑古人，在大自然面前卖弄小聪明呢？ A、比喻夸张拟人排比反问 B、反语比喻拟人反复设问 C、反语比喻反复排比反问 D、比喻夸张反复反复设问
6、下列说法最得体的一项是（）（2分）A、医院门口标语：欢迎光临。
B、小明考试没考好，很灰心。小宁对他说：“考不好是很平常的事，别灰心，我帮助你，你一定会赶上来的。”
C、李奶奶不慎跌了一跤，小刚对她说：“跌跤算什么，勇敢地爬起来就是了。” D、张老师退休了，在送别会上，班长王强致辞道：“„„张老师虽然离我们远去了，但她的形象永远留在我们心中„„”
7、下列搭配有误的一项是（）（2分）A、《水调歌头•明月几时有》——苏轼——宋朝——但愿人长久，千里共婵娟。B、《行路难》——李白——唐朝——长风破浪会有时，直挂云帆济沧海。C、《茅屋为秋风所破歌》——杜甫——唐朝——自经丧乱少睡眠，长夜沾湿何由彻。D、《己亥杂诗》——龚自珍——明朝——落红不是无情物，化作春泥更护花。
8、填空（10分，每个1分）
（1）面对人生中成功的欢乐和失败的痛苦，我们应拥有，的心态。（用《岳阳楼记》的原句回答）（2）“满嘴荒唐言，一把辛酸泪。都云作者痴，谁解其中味。”这是我国古典名著 《______________》的开卷诗。（3）孔子曰：“仁者爱人。”大风破屋，苦雨湿床，困境中的杜甫推己及人，以“安得广厦千万间，”（《茅屋为秋风所破歌》）表达了忧国忧民、兼爱天下的仁者心声；坚信“天生我才必有用”的李太白，虽被朝廷弃置，仍然以“，直挂云帆济沧海”表达自己一定会为国家效力，实现宏大的政治理想的时机；而主动辞官回乡的龚自珍，则以“落红不是无情物，”来抒发自己甘愿作出牺牲，也要培养一代新人的情怀。（4）_____________________，留取丹心照汗青。文天祥《过零丁洋》（5）无言独上西楼，月如钩。_______________________李煜《相见欢》(6)填庄浪历史名人：筑洛城美名远扬，抗金兵浩气长存。
得分
评卷人
二、阅读理解。（26分）
（一）阅读下面的文字，回答9～12题。(12分)• 我国的太空植物
①“神舟七号”遨游太空，激起人们美好的航天梦。你可曾知道，“神七”升空还可能丰富我们的餐桌呢。精选的农作物种子由返回式卫星或飞船搭载到太空，在微重力、高真空、零磁空间等条件下，就会发生地球上罕见的遗传变异，有可能呈现出一些新性状，产生更多变异性状优异的种予，这些种子再经科学家运用遗传技术精心研究，就能培育出太空植物。目前，我国的太空植物已有芝麻、茄子等系列品种，并且栽遍大江南北。②“航芝l号”是我国首个航天芝麻品种。l996年，“航芝1号”原种搭乘我国第l7颗返回式卫星上天，在太空特殊环境诱导下，形成了一些突变体。科学家利用这些突变体，历经6年研究，培育出“航芝l号”。2005年，同样利用返回式卫星搭栽芝麻种子，成功培育出“中芝13”。航天芝麻除了质优的特点外，与一般芝麻相比产量可增加l0％～20％，经济价值很高。如今，“航芝1号”已遍布江淮的湖北、湖南、河南、安徽等7个省，每年种植上百万亩，占江淮主产区芝麻种植总面积的20％。
③除了太空芝麻，太空茄子也是一个优质的品种。它是成功选育培植并顺利进入市场的第一种太空蔬菜。这种茄子成熟时呈紫红色，放到锅里一炒就又变成了绿色。2008年，太空茄子在山东、湖北两省已种植了几百亩。这种茄子产量很高，山东亩产接近1.5万公斤，湖北也能达到1万公斤。更特别的是，割掉茄子的主茎，对菜地追肥，茄子又会很快长出来。目前，市场上销售的太空茄子呈紫红色，比普通茄子售价高，但由于其营养价值高，口感好，仍供不应求。2002年搭乘“神舟四号”的共有4份农业材料，存活两份，分别被培育出了紫红色太空茄子和黑色太空茄子。黑色太空茄子有望于2009年通过项目验收并推广种植。
④1996年，食用菌种子也“飞”上了太空。由经过太空之旅的菌种培育出的食用茵，在培养性状和形态特征等方面都发生了变异。可是，由于在太空中，无法控制试验条件，也无法进行测试，试验的可重复性又非常有限，因此种子的变异就不可预知，这就给研究工作带来很大困难。经过一年的努力，在没有得到理想的菌种后，这一项目暂时宣告停止。
⑤另外，太空稻、太空椒、太空瓜果等的试验也都在不断探索中，它们有望在不久的将来走上人们的餐桌。
⑥随着航天热的升温，太空植物已成为人们关注的焦点之一。目前世界上只有美国、俄罗斯和中国成功进行了卫星或飞船搭载的“航天育种”研究。我国的“航天育种”研究已居世界先进水平，科研人员希望借助太空的特殊环境选育出更多的优异作物，为我国农业现代化服务。
9．仔细阅读第①段，概括培育太空植物的具体步骤。(3分)
10．太空植物的哪些共同优点使它能够迅速推广，“栽遍大江南北”?(3分)
11．文中②～④段大量列举年份，是否表明该部分采用了时间顺序?请加以分析。(3分)
12．下列表述与原文意思相符的一项是()(3分)～ A．“中芝13”的产量与“航芝l号”以及其它芝麻的产量相比可增加l0％至20％。B．已培育成功的紫红色太空茄子和黑色太空茄子在烹饪时经翻炒就会变成绿色。C．食用菌种子经过太空之旅后，在培养性状和形态特征等方面都发生了变异。D．我国科研人员将利用航天技术和遗传技术为我们培育出更多的太空植物。
（二）阅读下面的文字，回答13～18题。(14分)醉翁亭记
环滁皆山也。其西南诸峰，林壑尤美，望之蔚然而深秀者，琅琊也。山行六七里，渐闻水声潺潺而泻出于两峰之间者，酿泉也。峰回路转，有亭翼然临于泉上者，醉翁亭也。作亭者谁?山之僧智仙也。名之者谁?太守自谓也。大守与客来饮于此，饮少辄醉，而年又最高，故自号曰醉翁也。醉翁之意不在酒，在乎山水之间也。山水之乐，得之心而寓之酒也。若夫日出而林霏开，云归而岩穴暝，晦明变化者，山间之朝暮也。野芳发而幽香，佳木秀而繁阴，风霜高洁，水落而石出者，山间之四时也。朝而往，暮而归，四时之景不同，而乐亦无穷也。
至于负者歌于途，行者休于树，前者呼，后者应，伛偻提携，往来而不绝者，滁人游也。临溪而渔，溪深而鱼肥，酿泉为酒，泉香而酒洌，山肴野蔌，杂然而前陈者，太守宴也。宴酣之乐，非丝非竹，射者中，弈者胜，觥筹交错，起坐而喧哗者，众宾欢也。苍颜白发，颓然乎其间者，太守醉也。
已而夕阳在山，人影散乱，太守归而宾客从也。树林阴翳，鸣声上下，游人去而禽鸟乐也。然而禽鸟知山林之乐，而不知人之乐；人知从太守游而乐，而不知太守之乐其乐也。醉能同其乐，醒能述以文者，太守也。太守谓谁？庐陵欧阳修也。（节选自欧阳修《醉翁亭记》）
13、解释下列加点词
（1）有亭翼然临于泉上者（）（1分）（2）名之者谁（）（1分）
14、将下列句子翻译成现代汉语（2分）（1）山水之乐，得之心而寓之酒也
（2）野芳发而幽香，佳木秀而繁阴
15、第三段描绘了四个场景，分别是滁人游、、众宾欢、。（2分）
16、下列对选文理解有误的一项是（）（2分）A、“至于”一词把文章推进一层，由写欣赏美景之乐转写与众人游宴之乐。
B、短文以醉翁亭的美丽风光为背景，描绘出一幅与民同乐图，同时也曲折地显示了太守治滁的政绩。C、“颓然乎其间者”形象地描绘出太守精神不振，以酒浇愁的样子。D、“伛偻提携”和《桃花源记》中的“黄发垂髫”均指老人和小孩。
17、“醉”和“乐”反复出现，你认为两者之间有怎样的联系？（3分）
18、从欧阳修身上你得到了哪些启示？（3分）
三、作文。(50分)19、2010年4月14日7时49分，青海玉树县发生7.1级大地震。大爱无疆、玉树坚强。玉树不倒、青海长青。
要求：自拟题目，写一篇文章。可以记叙、抒情、议论。文体不限（诗歌除外）。不少于600字。
Ｂ卷（50分）
得分
评卷人
四、诗词鉴赏（8分）
白雪歌送武判官归京 岑参
1.下列加点字字音无误的一项是(2分)
A.解剖(pōu)长髭(zī)锃亮(zhèng)风雨如磐(pán)
B.匿名(nì)鬈发(juǎn)掠起(lüè)目光灼灼(shuó)
C.号叫(háo)脂粉奁(lián)蜿蜒(wān)罄竹难书(qìng)
D.尴尬(jān)酒肆(sì)宽恕(shù)黯然失色(àn)
2.下列词语书写有误的一项是()(2分)
A.遨游钥匙枝桠心扉浑然一体
B.赌博蒙昧貂皮波澜海誓山盟
C.犀利迁徙繁衍驰骋盛气凌人
4、下列句子有语病的一项是()(2分)
A.去年公布的国际成人阅读能力调查显示，阅读能力强的人不但容易找到工作，而且报酬也比较高。
B.我们要树立“城市是我家，卫生靠大家”，以高度的责任感、积极的主人翁姿态投身到创建文明城市的活动中去。
C.由于《江南style》“骑马舞”红遍全球，有些学校大胆改革，将广播操改编成骑马舞。
D.“凑够一撮人就可以走了，和红绿灯无关”，这种不文明的交通行为被网友们戏称为“中国式过马路”。
5、古诗词默写(8分)
① 忽如一夜春风来， 。
② ，独怆然而涕下。
③ 成长的道路上，我们难免会碰到困难与挫折，这时我们可以用李白《行路难》的诗句自勉“ ， ”。
④ 什么样的人才算得上大丈夫呢?当他面对个人得失时，要有范仲淹所推崇的“ ， ”的心态;当他面对死亡威胁时，要有文天祥所表现出来的“ ， ”的气慨。
这篇八年级下学期语文七单元考试题就为大家分享到这里了。希望对大家有所帮助!
1、在唐太宗、武则天和唐玄宗三朝治国措施的共同点是重视人才、任用贤能。下面历史人物中哪
些是在唐玄宗时被提拔担任宰相的（）
①房玄龄 ②杜如晦 ③魏征 ④姚崇 ⑤宋暻
A.①② B.③④⑤ C.①②③ D.④⑤
2、严格官员管理，健全监察制度是防止政府权力被滥用的重要途径。为此，秦始皇时期设立了（）
A．丞相 B．御史大夫 C．门下省 D．军机处
3、太宗皇帝真长策，赚得英雄尽白头。”该诗句是说唐太宗（）
A．善于用人 B．虚心纳谏 C．科举取士 D．勤政爱民（）
4、在学习郑和下西洋时，老师要求学生用两句话评价郑和及其远洋活动，同学们积极发言。下面是当时的发言记录：小明——和平使者，扬威异域；小刚——探寻新路，寻找黄金；小强——友好往来，促进交流；小华——殖民先驱，海盗鼻祖。其中正确的是（）
A、小强和小华 B、小华和小明 C、小明和小强 D、小明和小刚
5、在一次记者会上，温家宝总理回答记者关于物价上涨的问题时说，“我一边看网，一边脑子里想起一段话，就是‘民之所忧，我之所思；民之所思，我之所行’。”温总理所引的话体现了百家争鸣时期哪一学派的思想主张()
A．儒家 B．法家 C．道家 D．墨家
6、为“唐风洋溢奈良城”做出贡献的中国僧人是（）
A、鉴真 B、玄奘 C、阿倍仲麻侣 D、一行
7、“杯酒释兵权”是下列哪位皇帝的作为？（）
A.唐高祖 B.宋太祖 C.宋真宗 D.宋高宗
8、杨家将的故事流传至今已有800多年了，这些故事反映的是澶渊之盟订立之前（）
A、北宋与辽的争战 B、北宋与金的争战 C、南宋与辽的争战 D、南宋与金的争战
9、下列我国古代著名外贸港口中，属于两宋时期的名港是（）
①扬州 ②杭州 ③广州 ④泉州
A.①② B.③④ C.①④ D.②③
10、魏晋南北朝以来，全国经济重心出现南移的趋势，到（）时，南方已成为全国经济的重心。
A.隋朝 B.唐朝 C.南宋 D.明朝
11、走进《清明上河图》，我们可以感受到北宋城市市民真实的日常生活，下面哪些是他们日常生活的写照？（）
①可以去夜市买东西 ②边喝着茶边在瓦子里看杂技表演
③普通百姓可以穿多种颜色的衣服
④大街上店铺林立，你可以随意吃到各种风味小吃 ⑤城市平民都住着高大宽敞的瓦顶平房
A.①②③④⑤ B.①②③④ C.①④⑤ D.②③⑤
12、“交子”是世界上最早的纸币，它最早出现于（）
A.北宋、东京 B.北宋、四川 C.南宋、临安 D.南宋、广州
13、“起朔漠，并西域，平西夏，灭女真，臣高丽，定南诏，遂下江南，而天下为一，”这一史书记载反映的是下列哪个王朝的兴起？（）
A.宋 B.元 C.明 D.清
14、被毛泽东称为“一代天骄”的历史人物是（）
A.成吉思汗 B.忽必烈 C.唐太宗 D.宋太祖
15、军机大臣是协助皇帝处理军务的官员，这个官职最早出现在（）
A.顺治帝 B.康熙帝 C.雍正帝 D.乾隆帝16、2005年是中国伟大的航海家郑和首次下西洋六百周年，郑和下西洋最远到达的是（）
A.红海沿岸和非洲东海岸 B.印度洋沿岸和红海沿岸
C.印度洋沿岸和非洲东海岸 D.榜葛剌和红海沿岸
17、《金史》记载：“声如雷震，热力达半亩之上，人与牛皮皆碎迸无迹，甲铁皆透。”这段材料描述的科技成就是
A．火药 B．指南针 C．印刷术 D．造纸术18、1684年，清朝设置台湾府，巩固了清朝对东南边疆的统治，当时台湾府隶属（）
A.广东省 B.福建省 C.浙江省 D.直隶省
19、以下盛世局面出现的先后顺序是（）
①贞观之治 ②文景之治 ③开元盛世 ④康乾盛世
A.①②③④ B.③②①④ C.②④①③ D.②①③④
20、下面有关大运河的表述不正确的是（）
A、隋朝大运河以洛阳为中心，南达起余杭，北达涿郡，共分四段。
B、隋朝大运河全长2000多千米，是古代世界上最长的运河
C、元朝时又开凿了会通河和通惠河，缩短了江南到洛阳的航程
D、大运河沟通了五大流域，加强了南北交通，促进了经济和文化的发展。
21、2004年雅典奥运会圣火传递抵达北京后，奥运火炬将在八达岭长城点燃。现在所说的八达岭长城是（）
A、秦长城 B、汉长城 C、明长城 D、金长城
22、想了解中国17世纪的手工业发展的情况，你首选的资料是（）
A、《天工开物》 B、《本草纲目》 C、《农政全书》 D、《唐本草》
23、有关唐和吐蕃友好交往叙述，下列说法错误的是？（）
A、唐朝将金城公主嫁到吐蕃
B、大昭室内有文成公主入土蕃壁画
C、吐蕃人是藏族的祖先
D、唐太宗把文成公主嫁到吐蕃，加深了唐蕃友好
24、“大江东去，浪淘尽，千古风流人物……”这是一首题为《念奴娇赤壁怀古》的词，作者是（）
A、苏轼 B、李清照 C、辛弃疾 D、陆游
25、北宋东京八十万禁军教头林冲被逼上梁山，参加农民起义，这一文学形象出现于（）
A.《西游记》 B.《红楼梦》 C.《水浒传》 D.《三国演义》
26、清代一位军机大臣用一首诗来形容自己的工作：“依样胡芦画不难，胡芦变化有千端。画成依样旧胡芦，要把胡芦仔细看。”该诗直接说明了
A、军机大臣完全听命于皇帝，根据皇帝的旨意拟发谕旨，处理军国大事
B、军机大臣在皇帝心目中毫无地位，完全被视为走卒
C、军机大臣接替丞相职权，替皇帝处理政事
D、军机处的设置，标志着专制主义中央集权制发展到登峰造极的地步
27、《喻世明言》中有一则故事，描述一个新谚语：“一品官，二品贾”，……在《二刻拍案惊奇》中记载：“徽州风俗比商贾为第一等生，科第反在次者。”请问这两本书中所反映的是哪个时代的社会现象（）
A．汉朝 B．唐朝 C．宋朝 D．明朝
28、学习明、清史后，有四位同学分别就下列主题作了演讲,你认为其中哪一个概括了这段历史全过程（）
A 帝国的彷徨 B 中华的荣耀 C 东方的曙光 D 王朝的振兴
二、材料分析题。两小题，共40分。
31、阅读以下材料，并回答问题，20分。
材料一 武德四年五月，秦王李世民攻克隋朝东都(洛阳)后，看到富丽堂皇的宫殿，不禁感叹道：“逞侈心，穷人欲，无亡得乎！”……
材料二 贞观二十一年（647年）四月，李世民嫌京城闷热，便在临潼骊山顶上修筑了翠微宫。三个月之后，又指责宫室小气，辱没了大唐威仪，便重修了玉华宫……位于东都的“洛阳宫”本是隋炀帝吃喝玩乐的地方，李世民遂接管过来，“营造不已，公私劳费，殆不能堪”，连同“飞山宫”在内的庞大建筑群，豪华气派，极尽奢靡。整座工程，都是黄金白银乃至能工巧匠的生命堆起来的。
材料三 李世民28岁登基，在位23年，文治武功，千古罕有。
回答：
（1）依据材料一指出李世民从隋亡中得出的认识是什么？隋朝灭亡与“贞观之治”局面的出现有没有关系？理由何在？（7分）
（2）根据所学知识回答李世民执政后采取了哪些措施？（5分）
（3）与材料一相比，材料二中李世民的主要变化是什么？（3分）
（4）材料三对李世民的评价是否全面？结合上述材料简述理由。（5分）
32、阅读以下材料，并回答相关问题，20分。
材料一 乾隆二十二年（1757年），清政府规定广州是允许外商来华贸易的唯一口岸，而且即使在广州也百般限制中国人与外商接触。政府特许的“十三行”不仅垄断了与外商的经济往来，还代表政府出面办理交涉事宜。
材料二 乾隆皇帝在给英王乔治二世的信中说：“天朝物产丰盈，无所不有，原不籍外夷货物以通有无，特因天朝所产茶叶、丝帛为西洋各国及尔国必须之物，是以加思体恤。”
请回答：
（1）材料反映的实际上是清朝的什么政策？材料二中乾隆皇帝所言是清政府实行这一政策的根本原因吗？为什么？（6分）
（2）基于以上根本原因，明清两代还采取过哪些相关政策？这些政策造成了那些严重后果？（8分）
（3）读了上述两则材料后，你有什么感想？（6分）
七年级历史下册期末测试答案
一、选择题（每小题2分，30小题，共60分）
题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 1
5选项 D B C C A A B A B C B B B A C
题号 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28
选项 A A B D C C A C A C A D A
二、材料分析题。小题，共40分。
31、阅读材料回答问题，20分。
（1）实施暴政是隋朝灭亡的主要原因。（2分）有。（1分）唐太宗吸取隋亡教训，励精图治，从而出现政治清明的“贞观之治”。（4分）
（2）措施：用人；纳谏；轻徭薄赋；完善三省六部制及科举制；注重民族团结等。（5分）
（3）劳民伤财，大兴土木，奢侈浪费。（3分）
（4）不全面。（2分）李世民前期统治贤明，推行德政。但未能贯彻始终。（3分）（答案符合题意即可得分）
32、阅读材料回答问题，20分。
（1）闭关锁国政策。（2分）不是；（2分）因为清政府实行闭关锁国政策的根本原因是要维护自给自足的封建自然经济和清朝的封建专制统治。（2分）
（2）还沿用历代统治者实行的重农抑商政策；并都实行过“海禁”政策。（2分）重农抑商的后果是影响农产品和手工业品的正常流通，不利于工商业的发展，阻碍近代化因素萌芽的萌芽。（3分）“海禁”的后果：影响了沿海人民的生活；妨碍了中外贸易；造成中国落后于世界。（3分）
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