历年考研西医综合真题

历年考研西医综合真题（通用5篇）

历年考研西医综合真题 篇1

西医综合考研得分一直以来都比较低，很多考生在考研专业选择时大有谈“西医”色变的感觉。那么西医综合真的那么难吗?难在哪里?有没有方法解决呢?考研辅导专家就此谈一下自己的理解。

一、西医综合难考的原因

西医综合每年考试成绩如此糟糕，究其原因，有以下几点：

1。对西医综合考试未能引起足够的重视

许多同学错误的认为：西医综合就是几个多选题，到时候花个把月的时间看看书，考试就能过关!因此为了考研，许多同学可以花两到三年时间准备英语，半年时间准备政治，就是不情愿花三个月的时间来复习西医综合!事实上，你要想在西医综合考试时取得好成绩，不花四到六个月时间、不花大力气是绝对不行的。

因全部考题都是多选题，因此考点广泛，让人防不胜防。如果复习时仅仅记住书本上一些的梗概就想轻松过关，那是一种天真的想法!其实，只有那些作了充分准备，对基本概念、基本病理、疾病之间的内在联系与区别有深刻认识的考生才能在考试中脱颖而出。

2。西医综合内容繁多

所考内容从前期的生理、生化、病理，到后期的内科、外科共五门课程。学习这五门课程的时间跨度达四年之久，等到研究生入学考试时，绝大多数考生对前三门基础课早已忘得一干二净，复习时只有从头再来。而内外科由于受考研复习的影响，许多同学未能认真地进入临床实习，对许多疾病的认识只能从书本到书本，没有深刻的理解和掌握，因此对各种疾病都“似曾相识，似是而非”，即使当时死记硬背下来的东西，由于没有感性认识与理性认识的结合，没过几天就忘得无影无踪了，更不用说能记住几个月，坚持到考研结束。也没有弄清楚各病种之间的内在联系与区别，对一些关键性的考点更是不能准确把握，而这正是多选题考试的大忌。

3。学习方法不对 学习效果欠佳

4。没有掌握一定的解题技巧

二、西医综合复习技巧

怎样才能事半功倍的复习，在考试中获得高分呢?根据考研教育网多年来对西医综合考题的深入研究，发现有许多共性的问题，提出来供同学们复习时参考：

1。了解考点

事实上，自1988年全国统考以来，在所有研究生入学考试的科目中，西医综合是考试大纲范围变化最小的科目之一。一个最好的例证就是1988年的考题，在十几年后的今天，绝大多数的`答案仍可从第5版教材上找到。换一句话说，就是十几年来，考试范围的变化并不大。因此，当你对将要考什么一无所知时，就去认真的归纳总结过去的真题!所有的考点，就会跃然纸上。通过总结我们发现，有许多试题，在不同的年份重复出现，甚至一字不差。至于试题内容大致相同的题目，更是多得让你瞠目结舌!不信，你就看看本书后面的内容!写作本书的目的就是要让考生明确考点，掌握重点!

2。掌握重点

复习时要掌握重点，做到胸有成竹。对考题类型要熟练掌握多年来，各类考题数量基本稳定，其中A型题约92题(占61%左右，下同);B型题18-24题(12-16%);C型题16-22题(11-15%);X型题22题(15%)。

了解各门课程所占的大致比例这样可以使同学们在复习时有所侧重，而不是平均用力。如内科所占分值为30%、外科和生理各20%、生化及病理各15%。前三门共占70%，勿容置疑，掌握内外生理的内容，实为获得高分的基石。

了解历年来各专业试题分布情况这样可以使同学们在复习时有的放矢，掌握考试重点。通过对近6年来的试题分析我们发现：消化、呼吸和泌尿专业的试题占内科学的65%左右;普外及骨科专业占外科学的71%左右;物质代谢及大分子专业占生化的90%，这应该就是今后考生复习的重点。而生理与病理学历年来试题分散，每个章节的试题一般不超过15%，甚至连生理学“绪论”中都多次出现考题，这些都提示考生在复习时，每个章节都要认真对待。

3。突破难点

研究生入学考试是水平测试，因此每年总有约15%～20%的试题，对于考生来说“很难”(这部分显然属于拔高题)。只有那些掌握了相关前沿知识，具有扎实基本功的考生才能正确作答。要想获得高分，必须对这类试题正确作答，否则，还没开始，你就丢掉了15%～20%的分数，你还有什么资本去和别的考生竞争?因为充其量，你只能得80%的分数了，你能保证你这80%就完全正确?为此，有些即使教材中没讲到，但考试中经常出现的一些重点内容考生也要注意。

考研政治历年真题 篇2

1.邓小平理论形成和发展起来的基础是(本题难度系数为06)

A.社会主义建设成功经验和挫折教训的深刻总结

B.当代国际局势的新发展,和平与发展成为时代主题

C.我国改革开放和社会主义现代化建设的实践

D.其他社会主义国家在社会主义发展问题上所提供的严重教训

2.邓小平理论之所以成为马克思主义在中国发展的新阶段，是因为它(本题难度系数为07)()

A倍允贝特征和总体国际形势作出了新的科学判断

B卑讯陨缁嶂饕宓娜鲜短岣叩叫碌目蒲水平

C毙纬闪诵碌慕ㄉ柚泄特色社会主义理论的科学体系

D彼开拓了马克思主义的新境界

3.毛 泽东思想、邓小平理论都是(本题难度系数为07)()

A.马克思主义基本原理与中国革命和建设实际相结合的产物

B.党和人民实践经验和集体智慧的结晶

C.在实践中不断与时俱进的`理论

D.具有鲜明中国特色的马克思主义理论

考研政治梯度实战习题集

4.邓小平在党的十二大开幕词中指出，中国的事情要(本题难度系数为08)()

A.按照中国的特殊情况来办

B.依靠中国工农的力量来办

C.按照中国的情况来办

D.依靠中国人自己的力量来办

5.邓小平说：“马克思主义必须是同中国实际相结合的马克思主义，社会主义必须是切合中国实际的有中国特色的社会主义。”这句话的含义是(本题难度系数为06)()

A.马克思主义必须中国化

B.必须以实用化的态度对待马克思主义

C.社会主义必须具有中国特色

D.离开中国实际谈马克思主义没有意义

6.邓小平理论产生的国内社会历史条件有(本题难度系数为06)()

A.和平与发展成为时代主题

B.世界新技术革命浪潮的兴起

C.我国社会主义建设的经验教训

D.中国改革开放和现代化建设的实践

考研政治理论要点

一、事物发展过程中的量变和质变、肯定和否定及其关系

(1) 质是一事物成为自身并区别于它事物的规定性。

事物质的规定性是由事物内部矛盾的特殊性所决定的。质和事物的存在直接同一。质和事物的不可分离，既表明了事物的确定性，又表明了质的客观实在性。事物的质是通过属性表现出来的，属性是一物和他物在相互联系中表现出来的质。认识事物质的意义：认识质是认识和实践的起点和基础。只有认识质，才能区别事物。蓄意抹杀和混淆事物质的区别，是诡辩论的一个特征。

(2) 量是事物存在和发展的规模、程度、速度以及它的构成成分在空间上排列组合等可以用数量表示的规定性。

量和事物不可分离，但量和事物的存在不直接同一，在一定范围内量的增减不影响事物的存在。认识事物量的意义：第一，认识量是认识的深化和精确化。区分质是认识量的前提，考察量是认识质的深化。马克思说，一种科学只有成功地运用数学的时候，才能达到真正完善的地步。第二，只有正确了解事物的量，才能正确估计事物在实践中的地位和作用。做任何事情，既要有质的要求，又要有量的要求，做到心中有数。

(3) 度是事物保持自己质的量的范围、幅度和限度。

它的极限叫关节点，超出了关节点，事物就形成了新的质量统一。认识事物度的意义：第一，认识度才能确切地把握事物的质，不致混淆不同的事物。因为任何事物都是质和量的统一体。第二，认识度才能为实践活动提供正确的准则，即适度原则。当然，也不能把“度”绝对化。

二、事物发展中的量变和质变及其相互转化

(1) 量变和质变是事物变化发展的两种基本形式。

量变是事物数量的增减或场所的变更，是一种渐进的变化，体现了事物发展的连续性。质变是事物根本性质的变化，是一种质态向另一种质态的飞跃，是渐进过程的中断，体现了事物发展的阶段性。事物的变化是否超出度，是区分量变和质变的根本标志。

(2) 量变和质变是辩证统一的关系。

①量变和质变是相互依赖、相互转化的：第一，量变是质变的必要准备，质变是量变的必然结果。第二，质变体现和巩固量变的成果，为新的量变开辟道路。

②量变和质变是互相渗透的：一方面，量变中渗透质变，这是指在总的量变过程中包含着部分质变。部分质变是指在总的量变过程中，事物的根本性质未变，但事物的非根本性质或局部性质发生变化，表现出阶段性部分质变和局部性部分质变两种情形。另一方面，质变中渗透量变，这是指质变过程中包含着新质在量上的扩张。质变中的量变已不是单纯的量变，它每一步都有新质因素的产生。

③坚持量变和质变的辩证统一关系，要求我们反对“激变论”和庸俗进化论。前者只承认质变、否认量变，后者只承认量变、否认质变，两者都是片面的，错误的。

(3) 量变和质变关系原理是无产阶级政党制定路线、方针、政策的重要理论依据，也是我们党的不断革命论与革命发展阶段论相统一、最高纲领与最低纲领相统一的哲学依据。在实际工作中，我们要把远大目标和求实精神结合起来，把敢想、敢闯的革命精神和脚踏实地的工作作风结合起来，既反对因循守旧，又反对急躁冒进。

三、事物发展中的肯定和否定及其辩证关系

(1) 发展的实质是新事物的产生和旧事物的灭亡。

在新事物取代旧事物的过程中，辩证的否定是决定性的环节。

(2) 任何事物都包含肯定和否定两个方面。

肯定是事物中保持其存在的方面，否定是事物中促使其灭亡的方面。事物内部的肯定方面和否定方面相互斗争，当肯定方面居于主导地位时，事物处于量变过程中;当否定方面不断发展壮大，上升到主导地位时，事物发生质变，转化为他事物。

(3) 肯定和否定是辩证统一的关系。

第一，两者互相依赖。没有离开否定的肯定，一事物肯定自己是这个事物，也就否定了是别的事物;也没有离开肯定的否定，对某种形态的否定，也就是对与之对立的另一种形态的肯定。第二，两者互相渗透。肯定中包含着否定，否定中也包含着肯定，因为否定必须通过吸取和依靠现有事物的某些积极因素才能实现。

四、辩证的否定观及其方法论意义

(1) 辩证否定观的基本内容：否定是事物内在矛盾所引起的自我否定;否定是发展的环节和联系的环节，是包含肯定的否定;作为发展环节和联系环节的否定的实质是扬弃，是既克服又保留。

(2) 形而上学否定观与辩证的否定观相对立，它认为否定是外在的否定、主观任意的否定;否定是绝对的否定，这就既割断了事物的联系，又使发展中断。

(3) 辩证的否定不是一次完成的，而是经历两次否定、三个阶段的有规律过程，即“肯定-否定-否定之否定”的过程。

事物的这种否定之否定过程，从内容上看，是自己完善自己、自己发展自己的过程;从形式上看，是螺旋式上升的过程，方向是前进上升的，道路是迂回曲折的，是前进性和曲折性的统一。

(4) 辩证的否定观既是世界观又是方法论，是观察和分析一切问题的方法论原则。

①它是我们坚信新生事物不可战胜的哲学依据。新事物必然要战胜旧事物，这是由事物发展的辩证本性和新旧事物的本质特点所决定的。第一，新事物对旧事物来说，既是促使其灭亡的因素，又是其赖以存在的因素。第二，新事物是代表事物的发展方向，适应当前和未来的发展条件，具有强大的生命力和远大的发展前途的事物。旧事物是违反事物发展规律，逐渐丧失其存在的必然性、日趋灭亡的事物。第三，新生事物吸取了旧事物的优点，又克服了其缺点，还增加了旧事物所没有的新内容，因而优越于旧事物。第四，在社会领域中，新生事物代表历史发展的方向，符合广大人民的根本利益，所以最终能得到广大人民的`拥护和支持。新事物战胜旧事物要经历一个曲折发展的过程。社会主义必将战胜资本主义，这是社会发展的必然趋势。但这一过程是艰难曲折的，有时还会出现暂时的复辟、倒退，这是社会发展曲折性的表现。

②在考察事物时，要同时看到它的肯定方面和否定方面，不能肯定一切或否定一切。对待古代文化遗产，要批判地继承;对待外国东西，要选择地吸收。建设和发展中国特色社会主义，必须大胆吸取人类社会包括资本主义社会所创造的一切文明成果，同时坚决地批判和反对其腐朽东西。

考研政治理论复习方法指导

学习任何知识，只有在事先掌握好理论内容的基础上，才能在做题中很好地结合实际来解答问题。由此点引出，政治理论的复习不应该只是一种知识的灌输，而应是一种意识形态的灌输。而政治理论是为现实服务的，当然要根据现实的理念来进行复习和掌握。建议同学们在政治理论的复习上遵从一下两点方法：

一、理解基础上记忆

政治包含有很多的原理和方法论，对于理科生来说这些知识理解起来会比较费力，文科的学生学起来也不见得多容易。因此，大家一定先理解，弄懂了再加深记忆，使之成为自己的东西，这样考生才能在实际解题中灵活运用。

复习之初，侧重于理解，并作必要的记忆;冲刺阶段，侧重于记忆，也要深化理解。对于一些最基本的知识点，如基本概念的定义和基本含义，对每个基本原理的主要论点，对一些重要著作的主要内容，对一些主要的历史事件、重要会议和重要人物，是必须记住的，而且要记得准确。但是，单纯靠记忆也不行，还要有理解。

理解很重要——宏观上理解各个科目内容安排背后的逻辑体系，微观上理解知识点的定义、阐述等等。例如，马克思主义哲学内容不多，从哲学基本问题出发，从世界物质性到世界的联系、发展及其规律，从人的实践活动到认识的本质和过程到人类社会的本质和基本结构，两条主线。再如，马克思主义政治经济学，从商品出发(因为商品是商品社会的元素)，到商品交换价值、价值、劳动二重性、特殊商品——货币、特殊货币——资本、资本运行过程、资本积累过程、各种类型资本及其运行过程、垄断资本。其背后的逻辑体系还是很明确定的，只是在某些细节方面较难理解。

政治理论的考查要点内容多，考生如果只是死记硬背难以凑效，只有理解了才能记得住、记得准确，并且会论证和运用。所以，同学们一定要在理解的基础上加强记忆，这才是复习理论的最科学方法之一。

二、全面基础上抓重点

政治理论试题多，覆盖面广，这就要求考生必须全面复习，特别是早期复习，对考试大纲列出的考查知识点一定要都复习到，不能心存侥幸，去押几道题。开始复习时，考生们一定要根据考试大纲规定的考查知识范围，对所有课程内容一部分一部分、一章一章地学习。

在全面复习的基础上还要重点掌握，深入复习一些问题，这些问题往往是各门课程本身的重点问题。特别是新增知识点中紧密结合实际的一些热点问题，这在复习后期，需要格外注意。

工具书是考研复习的必要辅助，要想在初级阶段牢固掌握政治理论，几本好的参考书是必须的，一般政治理论的复习是必需配备一本政治大纲解析和一本试题型的资料。一本正规的政治大纲解析基本囊括了五门课程的所有重点和基本内容，所以，大家要想复习好理论这样的一本书是必不可少的，试题型的资料则可以检验大家政治理论的复习效果。

考研真题历年英语二阅读 篇3

Europe is not a gender-equality heaven.In particular, the corporate workplace will never be completely family—friendly until women are part of senior management decisions,and Europe,s top corporate-governance positions remain overwhelmingly male .indeed,women hold only 14 percent of positions on Europe corporate boards.

The Europe Union is now considering legislation to compel corporate boards to maintain a certain proportion of women-up to 60 percent.This proposed mandate was born of frustration. Last year, Europe Commission Vice President Viviane Reding issued a call to voluntary action. Reding invited corporations to sign up for gender balance goal of 40 percent female board membership. But her appeal was considered a failure: only 24 companies took it up.

Do we need quotas to ensure that women can continue to climb the corporate Ladder fairy as they balance work and family?

“Personally, I don’t like quotas,” Reding said recently. “But i like what the quotas do.” Quotas get action: they “open the way to equality and they break through the glass ceiling,” according to Reding, a result seen in France and other countries with legally binding provisions on placing women in top business positions.

I understand Reding’s reluctance-and her frustration. I don’t like quotas either; they run counter to my belief in meritocracy, government by the capable. Bur, when one considers the obstacles to achieving the meritocratic ideal, it does look as if a fairer world must be temporarily ordered.

After all, four decades of evidence has now shown that corporations in Europe as the US are evading the meritocratic hiring and promotion of women to top position— no matter how much “soft pressure ” is put upon them. When women do break through to the summit of corporate power--as, for example, Sheryl Sandberg recently did at Facebook—they attract massive attention precisely because they remain the exception to the rule.

If appropriate pubic policies were in place to help all women---whether CEOs or their children’s caregivers--and all families, Sandberg would be no more newsworthy than any other highly capable person living in a more just society.

36. In the European corporate workplace, generally_____.

[A] women take the lead

[B] men have the final say

[C] corporate governance is overwhelmed

[D] senior management is family-friendly

37. The European Union’s intended legislation is ________.

[A] a reflection of gender balance

[B] a reluctant choice

[C] a response to Reding’s call

[D] a voluntary action

38. According ti Reding, quotas may help women ______.

[A] get top business positions

[B] see through the glass ceiling

[C] balance work and family

[D] anticipate legal results

39. The author’s attitude toward Reding’s appeal is one of _________.

[A] skepticism

[B] objectiveness

[C] indifference

[D] approval

40. Women entering top management become headlines due to the lack of ______.

[A] more social justice

[B] massive media attention

[C] suitable public policies

历年考研英语翻译真题2 篇4

(31)One difficulty is that almost all of what is called behavioral science continues to trace behavior to states of mind, feelings, traits of character, human nature, and so on.(32)The behavioral sciences have been slow to change partly because the explanatory items often seem to be directly observed and partly because other kinds of explanations have been hard to find.(33)The role of natural selection in evolution was formulated only a little more than a hundred years ago, and the selective role of the environment in shaping and maintaining the behavior of the individual is only beginning to be recognized and studied.(34)They are the possessions of the autonomous(self-governing)man of traditional theory, and they are essential to practices in which a person is held responsible for his conduct and given credit for his achievements.(35)Until these issues are resolved, a technology of behavior will continue to be rejected, and with it possibly the only way to solve our problems.2003年英译汉试题

(36)Furthermore, humans have the ability to modify the environment in which they live, thus subjecting all other life forms to their own peculiar ideas and fancies.(37)Social science is that branch of intellectual enquiry which seeks to study humans and their endeavors in the same reasoned, orderly, systematic, and dispassioned manner that natural scientists use for the study of natural phenomena.(38)The emphasis on data gathered first-hand, combined with a cross-cultural perspective brought to the analysis of cultures past and present, makes this study a unique and distinctly important social science.(39)Tylor defined culture as “...that complex whole which includes belief, art, morals, law, custom, and any other capabilities and habits acquired by man as a member of society.”

(40)Thus, the anthropological concept of “culture," like the concept of “set” in mathematics, is an abstract concept which makes possible immense amounts of concrete research and understanding.2004年英译汉试题

(41)The Greeks assumed that the structure of language had some connection with the process of thought, which took root in Europe long before people realized how diverse languages could be.(42)We are obliged to them because some of these languages have since vanished, as the peoples who spoke them died out or became assimilated and lost their native languages.(43)The newly described languages were often so strikingly different from the well studied languages of Europe and Southeast Asia that some scholars even accused Boas and Sapir of fabricating their data.1

(44)Being interested in the relationship of language and thought, Whorf developed the idea that the structure of language determines the structure of habitual thought ma society.(45)Whorf came to believe in a sort of linguistic determinism which, in its strongest form, states that language imprisons the mind, and that the grammatical patterns in a language can produce far-reaching consequences for the culture of a society.2005年英译汉试题

(46)Television is one of the means by which these feelings are created and conveyed--and perhaps never before has it served so much to connect different peoples and nations as in the recent events in Europe.(47)In Europe, as elsewhere, multi-media groups have been increasingly successful: groups which bring together television, radio newspapers, magazines and publishing houses that work in relation to one another.(48)This alone demonstrates that the television business is not an easy world to survive in, a fact underlined by statistics that show that out of eighty European television networks no less than 50% took a loss in 1989.(49)Creating a “European identity” that respects the different cultures and traditions which go to make up the connecting fabric of the Old Continent is no easy task and demands a strategic choice

(50)In dealing with a challenge on such a scale, it is no exaggeration to say “United we stand, divided we fall”

2006年英译汉试题

(51)I shall define him as an individual who has elected as his primary duty and pleasure in life the activity of thinking in Socratic(苏格拉底)way about moral problems.(52)His function is analogous to that of a judge, who must accept the obligation of revealing in as obvious a manner as possible the course of reasoning which led him to his decision.(53)I have excluded him because, while his accomplishments may contribute to the solution of moral problems, he has not been charged with the task of approaching any but the factual aspects of those problems.(54)But his primary task is not to think about the moral code, which governs his activity, any more than a businessman is expected to dedicate his energies to an exploration of rules of conduct in business.(55)They may teach very well and more than earn their salaries, but most of them make little or no independent reflections on human problems which involve moral judgment.2007年英译汉试题

(56)Traditionally, legal learning has been viewed in such institutions as the special preserve of lawyers, rather than a necessary part of the intellectual equipment of an educated person.(57)On the other, it links these concepts to everyday realities in a manner which is parallel to the links journalists forge on a daily basis as they cover and comment on the news.(58)But the idea that the journalist must understand the law more profoundly than an ordinary citizen rests on an understanding of the established conventions and special responsibilities of the news media.(59)In fact, it is difficult to see how journalists who do not have a clear grasp of the basic features of the Canadian Constitution can do a competent job on political stories.(60)While comment and reaction from lawyers may enhance stories, it is preferable for journalists to rely on their own notions of significance and make their own judgments.2008年英译汉试题

(61)he believes that this very difficulty may have had the compensating advantage of forcing him to think long and intently about every sentence, and thus enabling him to detect errors in reasoning and in his own observations.(62)He asserted, also, that his power to follow a long and purely abstract train of thought was very limited, for which reason he felt certain that he never could have succeeded with mathematics.(63)On the other hand, he did not accept as well founded the charge made by some of his critics that, while he was a good observer, he had no power of reasoning.(64)He adds humbly that perhaps he was “superior to the common run of men in noticing things which easily escape attention, and in observing them carefully.”

(65)Darwin was convinced that the loss of these tastes was not only a loss of happiness, but might possibly be injurious to the intellect, and more probably to the moral character.2009年英译汉试题

(66)It may be said that the measure of the worth of any social institution is its effect in enlarging and improving experience;but this effect is not a part of its original motive.(67)Only gradually was the by-product of the institution noted, and only more gradually still was this effect considered as a directive factor in the conduct of the institution.(68)While it is easy to ignore in our contact with them the effect of our acts upon their disposition, it is not so easy as in dealing with adults.(69)Since our chief business with them is to enable them to share in a common life we cannot help considering whether or no we are forming the powers which will secure this ability.(70)We are thus led to distinguish, within the broad educational process which we have been so far considering,a more formal kind of education--that of direct tuition or schooling.2010年英译汉试题

(71)Scientists jumped to the rescue with some distinctly shaky evidence to the effect that insects would eat us up if birds failed to control them.(72)but we have at least drawn near the point of admitting that birds should continue as a matter of intrinsic right, regardless of the presence or absence of economic advantage to us.(73)Time was when biologists somewhat overworked the evidence that these creatures preserve the health of game by killing the physically weak, or that they prey only on “worthless species.(74)In Europe, where forestry is ecologically more advanced, the non-commercial tree species are recognized as members of native forest community, to be preserved as such ,within reason.(75)It tends to ignore, and thus eventually to eliminate, many elements in the land community that lack commercial value, but that are essential to its healthy functioning.2011年英译汉试题

(76)Allen’s contribution was to take an assumption we all share-that because we are not robots we therefore control our thoughts-and reveal its erroneous nature

(77)while we may be able to sustain the illusion of control through the conscious mind alone, in reality we are continually faced with a question: “Why cannot I make myself do this or achieve that? ”

(78)This seems a justification for neglect of those in need, and a rationalization of exploitation, of the superiority of those at the top and the inferiority of those at the bottom.(79)circumstances seem to be designed to bring out the best in us and if we feel that we have been “wronged” then we are unlikely to begin a conscious effort to escape from our situation.(80)The upside is the possibilities contained in knowing that everything is up to us;where before we were experts in the array of limitations, now we become authorities of what is possible.46.yet, when onelooks at the photographs of the gardens created by the homeless, it strikes onethat, for all their diversity of styles, these gardens speak of various otherfundamental urges, beyond that of decoration and creative expression。

【参考译文】然而，看着无家可归者绘制出的花园图片时，人们会突然想到，尽管这些花园风格多样，它们都显示了人类除了装饰和创造性表达之外的其他各种基本诉求

47.A sacred placeof peace, however crude it may be, is a distinctly human need, as opposed toshelter, which is a distinctly animal need。

【参考译文】无论地方多么简陋不堪，寻求一片静谧圣土是人类特有的需求，而动物需要的仅是仅是避难栖息之地。

48.The gardens ofthe homeless, which are in effect homeless gardens, introduce form into an urbanenvironment where it either didn’t exist or was not discernible as such。

【参考译文】无家可归者的乐园，实际上是一个毫无家气息的地方，给城市环境带来了一种新的形式。

无家可归者描绘的花园实质上是无所依附的，这些花园把一种形式引入城市环境中，而这样的城市环境中，形式要么根本不存在，要么就完全不是以这种明显的方式存在。

49.most of usgive in to a demoralization of spirit which usually blame on some psychologicalconditions, until one day we find ourselves in a garden and feel the oppressionvanish as if by magic。

【参考译文】我们大多数人会深陷于精神萎靡的状态，并常常将此归咎为一些心理原因，直到某天我们发现自己置身花园中，感到如魔法般烦闷尽消

50.It is thisimplicit or explicit reference to nature that fully justifies the use of theword garden, though in a “liberated” sense, to describe these syntheticconstructions。

考研英语二大作文历年真题 篇5

48. Directions:

Directions:

Write an essay based on the following chart. In your essay, you should

1) interpret the chart, and

2) give your comments.

You should write about 150 words on the ANSWER SHEET. (15 points)

As the bar graph indicates, both city and rural area witnessed a distinguished phenomenon in population fluctuation. Indeed, population in city increased at a breakneck speed and surpassed that of rural area during the period from 1990 to while population in rural region slightly decreased down to a scale which was close to that of city.

What accounts for this disparity? The answer involves two factors. The first contributing factor is the substantially fast developing steps of cities in China. No one can deny that since Chinese economic reform from 1980s which mostly benefits people in city. The second reason is that Chinese farmers enjoy the harvest from new policies that are established to benefit farmers. People in rural areas are allowed to migrate for work and residence by the law and an increasing number of farmers choose to work in city and become migrant workers just because they would make much more money than ever before in city. All these are the result of urbanization.