外企翻译的英文求职信(共7篇)
Dear manager,I learned from the newspaper that your company wanted to hire an English translator.Im interested in this job very much.Id like to get this job.Now Id like to introduce myself to you.My name is Li ping.Im 30 years old.Im 180 cm tall.Im healthy.I like swimming, singing and dancing in my spare time.I graduated from Beijing University in 1994.Then,I went to work in Nantong Middle School.In 1996, I began to work in Suzhou Middle School and I have worked there until now.I work hard and I can get along well with others.Im good at English and especially my spoken English is very good.Ive translated many Chinese books into English.I can understand Japanese and I can talk to foreigners in Japanese freely.If you agree with me, Ill work hard and try to be a good translator.If you agree with me, please write a letter to me or phone me.I live at No.1 Renmin Road,Suzhou city.My telephone number isXXXXXXX.Thank you very much.
自Brown&Levinson发表《礼貌使用中的一些普遍原则:礼貌现象》一文后, 礼貌现象逐渐成为普通语言学、社会语言学、人类学、心理语言学、语用学等学科的重要研究内容。在影响礼貌策略选择的语境中, Brown&Levinson认为, 说话人通过三个互相独立的变量来确定威胁面子的严重程度。这三种变量是社会距离, 即说话人和听话人之间的熟悉、亲密程度;相对权势, 听话人对于说话人所拥有的权势, 即说话人可以把自己的意志强加于听话人的程度;某一文化中对于强加程度的绝对程度的评价。说话人和听话人之间的社会距离越大, 说话人对于听话人所拥有的权势越大, 其言语行为本身强加于人的程度越大, 那么该言语行为威胁面子的程度就越大, 说话人就应该采取补偿性最强的策略。由此可见, 礼貌语言的运用与交际对象的关系疏密、地位高低等因素紧密相关。一般来说, 交际双方关系越密切, 地位、年龄、辈分越相当, 所需要的礼貌形式的程度就越低;双方关系越疏远、越陌生, 对方地位越高、辈分越尊、年龄越长, 则越需要客气。
在求职信这个语境中, 求职者和雇主双方的社会距离决定了求职信的语言要采取不同的表达形式来折射两者之间的社会和心理距离。选择不同的语言表达形式实际上是选择不同的礼貌原则, 即在言语交际中是指把礼貌信念及他人的信念表达提高到最大限度, 而把有损于他人的信念表达减到最小限度。这样遵循其文化背景下所形成的礼貌的语言表达规律, 才能达到其语义的预期效果。
二、语气
求职信的目的是向雇主推荐自己, 陈述句的功能就是提供信息。所以在求职信中表示陈述语气的陈述句使用频率极高, 主要以第一人称:“I”的形式进行个人信息的介绍。但当要求对方做某事时, 多以祈使句加“please”礼貌措辞这种方式来表达。比如, 一般求职者在结束语部分都要请求行动——面试。如“Please contact me, and let me know an appropriate time”“Please feel free to contact me at any time regarding this matter”。
另外, 动词的时、体形式也是表达礼貌的诸多手段之一。在不同语言中, 体的礼貌价值有所不同。英语中表示意愿的词 (如“hope”“want”) 用进行体, 表示说话人试探性地、礼貌地表达自己的愿望。现在进行体能够使表达“变得婉转、留有余地”。过去进行时“具有较浓的试探色彩, 显得更为礼貌”。另外, 进行时态和情态动词 (如“will”“shall”) 连用, 可以“淡化主观意志, 增加客观色彩”以表示礼貌。有些动词 (如“hope”“wander”“want”等) 用一般过去时和过去进行时态表示说话者的委婉与客气。同时, 现在进行时态也可以表示婉转口气。例如在求职信结尾部分, 几种形式表示婉转口气的程度逐渐减弱, 如“Iwas hoping/ you would consider me for this position”“Iam hoping/ you will consider me for this position”“Ihoped/ you would consider me for this position”“I hope/ you will consider me for this position”。
三、情态
情态用来表示说话人的意愿和判断以及说话人对某个命题或提议的态度、看法。根据系统功能语法, 情态可分为两类, 即情态化和意态化。情态化包括通常性阶和可能性阶;意态化包括倾向性阶和责任阶。情态可以通过情态词、情态状语、限定成分等来实现。
同时, 情态助动词可分为低、中、高量值 (见下表) 。
基于情态意义的程度差异, 求职者在表达人际意义时需要根据情态的量值来选择恰当的表达形式。
不同的情态意义和说话人的不同态度由不同量值的情态表达。情态量值越低, 话语越礼貌;情态量值越高, 话语越不礼貌。研究发现英文求职信中一般用中低情态值, 如在开头部分“Iwouldlike to apply for the job of a Costumer Consultant”, 在中间部分“I willuse my talents for the success and betterment of your organization”, 在结尾部分“I shallbe pleased to provide any information you may need, and hope I might be given the opportunity of an interview”“I can be contacted during the day at 1234567, or you may leave a message with my answering service at 1234567”。
另外, 说话者有时选择语气的隐喻形式而不是一致性的体现形式。导致说话者作出不同选择的因素可能涉及多方面, 其中包括说话者的角色、态度、会话双方的权力关系、亲密或熟悉程度等。情态的隐喻性表达也有助于实现礼貌的需求。强调明显主观和明显客观的表达都是隐喻性的。比如在向陌生人或比自己身份高的人表示意见时, 常使用隐喻性的明确主观来表示, 以示客气和敬重。
如在信的开头部分, 当求职者提出要求时, 根据受话者的身份以及交谈双方的关系, 可能会选择不同的表达方式。通常求职者倾向于使用情态中值的人际隐喻来体现礼貌原则:“I wantto apply for the position of a product architect”“I am interestedin the position of a product architect”。
上面例句中“interested”礼貌地表明了求职者的个人愿望, 这样不会因为“want”而给雇主施加压力从而危及雇主的面子。
再如在信的结尾处“I look forward tohearing from you soon”使用具有情态中值的“look forward to”来帮助求职者表达愿望, 这种表达也降低了雇主的义务, 从而与雇主建立了良好的关系。
四、结语
书信交流是间接的言语交际, 尽量使对方感受到尊重, 这样才能赢得对方的好感。所以在交际中要恪守礼貌原则, 就要注意语言手段的运用。从语气和情态的语用学意义来看, 在实际的言语交际过程中为了达到某种特殊的目的和效果, 要根据实际需要选择表达方式, 使形式和意义的关系更为多样化。用最直接的方式表达的话语是最欠缺礼貌的, 用最间接的方式表达的话语则是最讲礼貌的。也就是说, 语言手段越间接, 话语就显得越礼貌。
参考文献
[1]Penelope Brown&Steven Levinson, Politeness:Some Universals in Lan-guage Usage[M].Cambridge University Press, 1987.
[2]胡壮麟, 朱永生, 张德禄.系统功能语法概论[M].湖南:湖南教育出版社, 1989.
[3]李战子.话语的人际意义研究[M].上海:上海外语教育出版社, 2002.
[4]林传萍.英文求职信的人际功能分析[J].武汉商业服务学院学报, 2011, (8) .
I’m greatly grateful that you can spare your time to read my self-recommendation letter .I’m a college graduates from ×××
University of Foreign Languages .I have learned a lot from my three-year college life .I’m always working hard in the school courses .Because I’m an English major student ,I spend a lot of time in learning English .Taking my listening ,speaking ,reading ,writing skills of English for example ,I do well in writing and reading especially ,and I have already passed CET-4 and CET-6 .I know today’s society is all about internet ,so I study hard in the knowledge of computer and have learned a variety of computer software application and operation ,e.g. word ,excel ,powerpoint .Besides I got known internet explorer ,outlook express ,then I got the certificate of NCRE-1 .
As for me ,I’m a quiet girl just in the first impression ,actually I’m a happy person among friends .I like group activities ,especially lively surroundings attract me and I prefer to shuttle back and forth in the streets with my friends .However ,I like quiet space in my study time ,which can let me think more clearly .Not only that ,I enjoy staying in the library doing my homework and reading ,sometimes I will make some notes when I meet some beautiful words .There is a good learning
atmosphere in the library ,where I can clearly realized I’m a student and time is limited for me to learn knowledge .In my spare time ,I Like to do some sports ,such as playing badminton ,jogging ,etc .
I have good moral accomplishment and a firm political direction in the moral character ,I often focus on the news of the country and gradually get close to the Party ,which let me know more about the Party .For my progress ,I applied for joining in the Party in my freshman’s year ,and I wrote reports in time so that the Party can understand my thoughts and examine me .In my sophomore year ,I was fortunate to be recommended for a Party activist .
In the college life, I am sincere to my classmates and glad to help others both in their study and life .As I am an easy-going person ,I stay harmonious with other classmates .
In the moment of upcoming graduation and social journey, I’m standing up to meet new challenges and scale new heights with full enthusiasm, firm beliefs and high sense of responsibility .
I’m full of energy in my beautiful age .I’m looking forwarding to showing my ability in a broader world .As I’m not satisfied with the current knowledge that I learned from books ,I expect to get into practice and improve myself .So I hope to join in your company , and I will be down to do my job ,make every effort to achieve good results at
work .Therefore I profoundly believe that I can get repays due to my efforts .Only a man can put his strong points into the society can he realize his self-worth .I will be bound to do it ,while others don’t
want to do. I will try my best to do it, while others can do and make my strength come into play.
I sincerely hope your company can give a comprehensive survey to my ability .If you are satisfied with my performance ,I will be honored .And I will devote myself to my work in the future .I’m looking forward to your reply .Thank you .
Dear XXXX,
This is to inform you that I am resigning from my position as [Job Title] with [Company Name]. My last day of employment will be [Date].
After much consideration, I have decided to move on to a new challenge elsewhere. I assure you that I will remain dedicated to my role and responsibilities until I leave and will do as much as I can to ensure a smooth handover.
I am most grateful for the support and opportunities that I have been given at [Company Name], and wish you and the company all the very best in the future.
Best regards,
您好!hello!
首先请允许我向您致以真诚的问候和良好的祝愿!衷心的感谢您在百忙之中翻阅我的这份材料,并祝愿贵单位事业欣欣向荣,蒸蒸日上!
first please allow me to extend the sincere regards and thegood wish to you!heartfelt thank you in spite of being very busy toglance through my this material, and wishes the expensive unitenterprise to be prosperous,progresses day by day!
我是大学工程专业2007届毕业生,近期获知贵公司正在招聘人才,我希望能有机会到贵公司工作。
i am大学information project specialized 2,007 sessionsof graduates, in the near future learned your firm is advertising forthe talented person, i hoped can arrive has the opportunity to yourfirm work.在校期间,我勤奋学习专业知识,并为其投入了巨大的热情和精力.在认真学习课本知识的同时,我积极参加校内外的实践活动,并获得了一些成绩。如等方面。大学四年让我的 英语 水平有所进步,并顺利的通过了国家 英语 六级 考试 ,具备了一定的听、说、读、写能力,有阅读专业文献的英文功底.in school period, i diligently study the specialized knowledge,andinvested the huge enthusiasm and the energy for it while earnestlystudies the textbook knowledge, i positively participate in inside andoutside the school practice, and has obtained some result.Ifthe university four years let myenglish proficiency have progress, and smooth passed the
nationalenglish six levels of tests, had certainly certainly have listened to,to say, to read, write the ability, had the reading specializedliterature english foundation of basic skills
我具备较好的计算机知识和应用能力,能熟练掌握基本应用软件的使用,并能使用c、汇编、vb、html等语言进行编程。另外我还能运用multisim、protel、pspice、auto cad等专业软件进行相关工作,并多次参加了校内组织的工程实践.利用课余时间我学习了有关网页设计、平面设计以及视频采编的一些知识,能熟练运用网页三剑客制作网页,并能
用photoshop、acdsee等图像处理软件进行有关的设计工作,有使用adobe premiere pro软件编辑完整视频方案的经历.i have the better computer knowledge and the application ability,canskilled grasp the basic application software the use, and can uselanguage and so on c, assembly, vb, html carries on the programming.moreover i also can using multisim, protel, pspice, auto cad and so onspecialized software carry on the correlation work, and participatedin the project practice many times which in the school organizes ihave studied some knowledge using 课余时间 which the relatedhomepage design, the plane design as well as the video frequency picksarranges, can skilled manufacture the homepage using the homepagethree swordsmen, and can use picture processing software and so onphotoshop, acdsee to carry on the related design work, has uses
adobepremiere the pro software editor complete video frequency plan theexperience
我渴望学有所用,渴望自己的知识能够得到实践的检验,更憧憬实践能够丰富我的工作经验和能力的美好未来。
my hope study has uses, to long for own knowledge can obtain
thepractice the examination, looked forward to the practice will be ableto enrich my work experience and the ability glorious future.“长风破浪会有时,直挂云帆济沧海”,我真诚地希望加盟贵公司,我定会以饱满的热情和坚韧的性格勤奋工作,与同事精诚合作,为贵单位的发展尽自己的绵薄之力。“the great ambition can sometimes, directly link up the cloud sail toaid the sea”, i sincerely hoped alliance your firm, i surely can by befull warm and the tenacious disposition diligent work, with colleague精诚 cooperation, for the expensive unit''s strength of developmentown meagre strength.随信附上 简历 和其他材料一份,如需更深了解,期盼您的 面试!
With China’s foreign trade development, more and more Chinese products and services enter the international market, on the contrary, a great many of foreign products and services flow over into Chinese market.Advertising, always around us, is the main way to solve the problem.However, concepts and ideas in advertising are often embedded in the culture in which they originate, according to Clifford Geertz (1973:44) .Therefore advertising translation should be guided by a new proper translation theory which could fulfill culture translation or culture conversion.Skopostheorie, put forward by Hans J.Vermeer in the 1970s, provides theory support, which consists of Skopos rule, coherence rule and fidelity rule.
II.Information about Advertising
The word“advertising”derives from Latin word“advertere”which means“a means draws people’s attention to something and induces people towards a particular direction” (Yao Xi, 2002:2) .American Marketing Association (AMA) defines advertising as the non-personal communication of information usually paid for and usually persuasive in nature about products, services or ideas by identified sponsors through the various media.
Advertising is considered as sub-literary genre.Advertising and literature both have similarity and difference.The similarity between advertising and literature is that they both emphasize artistic quality;while the difference is that advertising is more informative, expressive and persuasive.How to choose a proper translation theory to guide advertising translation is very important.Skopostheorie provides theory support.
III.General Introduction to Skopostheorie
Functional approaches to translation didn’t appear overnight but was created and developed by a group of German scholars in1970s.Katharina Reiss put forward functional category of translation criticism, Hans J.Vermeer researched on Skopostheorie and beyond Justa Holz-Ma¨ntta¨ri concentrated on the theory of translation action, and Christiane Nord contributed to function plus loyalty.
Among these milestones, Skopostheorie is the core of Functional approaches to translation, which applies the notion of Skopos, a Greek word for“purpose”to translation, put forward by Hans J.Vermeer in the 1970s as a technical term for the purpose of a translation and of the action of translating.
In terms of Skopostheorie, three rules need to be explained—Skopos rule, coherence rule and fidelity rule.Skopos rule, the topranking rule for translation, says that overall translational action is determined by its Skopos, in other words, “the end justifies the means” (Reiss and Vermeer 1984:101) .In Vermeer’s terms, the target text should conform to another important rule of Skopostheorie the“coherence rule”, which is also known as“intratextual coherence”.It specifies that a translation should be acceptable in a sense that it is coherent with the receivers’situation (Reiss and Vermeer 1984:114) .Skopostheorie thinks that it is necessary to build a relationship between source and target text.The relationship is called“fidelity rule”or“intertextual coherence”.Fidelity rule is considered subordinate to coherence rule, and both are subordinate to the Skopos rule.
IV.Suggested Strategies for Advertising Translation from the Perspective of Skopostheorie
Advertising translation is not only constrained by the language level, it also related to the differences in religion, culture, tradition and ways of thinking and so on.A large number of adverting translations, guided by traditional translation theories, either is obscure for foreign receivers to understand or weakening the advertising effects.
Literal translation, or direct translation, is the rendering of text from one language to another"word-for-word"rather than conveying the sense of the original.This translation method requires translators just to focus on factual information about the product or service.Forexample:
To me, the past is black and white, but the future is always so lour. (Hennessy) (Wang Shanshan, 2006:85)
对我而言, 过去平淡无奇;而未来, 却多姿多彩。 (轩尼诗酒)
Impossible is nothing! (http://www.adidas.com/cn/homepage.asp)
没有什么不可能! (阿迪达斯)
The advertisements above are full of factual information about the company and its products, but not cultural difference.Considering Skopos rule, what the translator needs to do is to express these factual information in target language.Literal translation also includes transliteration.For example:
Coca Cola (Zhao Yongmei, 2010:90)
可口可乐
However the applicability of literal translation is very narrow in modern society.In some advertisements, literal translation method is not efficient.For example:
The offspring of spring. (Wei Yanzeng, Zheng Heming, 2007:75)
春天、泉水 (皮瑞尔矿泉水)
According to the standard of“faithfulness, expressiveness, elegance”, the most loyal translation should be:春天的后代.This translation version is possibly to mislead the foreign receivers, not mention to purchase the product.Therefore, other translation methods are needed.
Skopostheorie emphasizes the communicative purpose aimed at by the target-text in the target situation, and a successful advertisement in one nation without any adjustment is very likely to fail to perform its function in another nation.On this occasion adjustment translation is obviously necessary based on the exploration for the foreign receivers’cultural background.For examples:
Audi Advancement through technology. (Zhao Yongmei, 2010:90)
突破科技, 启迪未来。 (奥迪汽车)
The advertisements above both add extra but necessary information in their translation versions in order to satisfy Chinese receivers’linguistic custom that is to use four-word-structure sentences and antithetical parallelism, and vice versa.
Parody translation is also known as simulation translation, which requires translators to simulate the existing phrases or expressions to create new expressions in target language to arouse strong reaction in foreign receivers.For example:
Where there is a way for car there is a Toyota. (Zhao Yongmei, 2010:90)
车到山前必有路, 有路必有丰田车。
This advertisement is created by simulating a famous proverb in English that is“where there is a will, there is a way”.The English receivers are very easy to have a kind of sense of identity.There is a famous proverb in Chinese that is“车到山前必有路, 船到桥头自然直”, which is helpful to create a vivid image of cars for Chinese receivers.
V.Conclusion
As an effective marketing tool, advertising plays increasingly important role in modern society, therefore, advertising translation is the bridge between merchants and consumers as well as one nation and another.Lots of adverting examples prove that the traditional translation principles such as“faithfulness, expressiveness, elegance”are not enough to guide all advertising translations.Skopostheorie emphasizes the communicative purpose aimed at by the target-text in the target situation.According to Skopostheorie and characteristics of advertisements, it is necessary to follow three suggested strategies for advertising translation based on the analysis of ad translation examples.
摘要:广告是商家促销的主要手段之一, 但由于广告往往与文化背景密切相关, 因此翻译起来难度很大。在本文中, 笔者尝试从翻译目的论角度, 通过具体广告翻译实例, 探讨广告翻译的策略。
关键词:广告翻译,翻译目的论,翻译原则,翻译策略
参考文献
[1]、Geertz, Clifford (1973) .The Interpretation of Cultures, New York:Basic Books.
[2]、Nord, Christiane (2001) Translating as a PurposefulActivity:Functionalist App roaches Explained[M].Shanghai:Shanghai Foreign Language Education Press, pp.10, 27, 31-33.
[3]、姚曦:《广告概论》, 武汉:武汉大学出版社, 2002。
[4]、张景华:“广告翻译的目的论”, 《湘潭工业学院学报》, 2003 (3) 。
[5]、王珊珊:“目的论指导下的广告翻译”, 《郑州航空工业管理学院学报》, 2006 (6) 。
[6]、韦艳赠, 郑和明:“从翻译目的论的视角分析英汉广告的翻译”, 《时代人物》, 2007 (12) 。
[7]、赵永梅:“目的论指导下的广告翻译”, 《语文学刊》, 2010 (10) 。
[8]、贾文波:《应用翻译功能论》, 北京:中国对外翻译出版公司, 2004。
After I thought, I decided to resign my current position as our company. In submitting this resignation, my mood is heavy. Now, because of I mental state, and other personal reason for this I can’t make a corresponding contribution to the company. Therefore, request permission to leave.
First of all, thank you for giving me the chance became one of xx Electronics Co., Ltd. During this time, can see our factory with six person’s team from the development to its current size, I feel much honored. And we all paid a lot of hardships. There was laughter, there have been gains and tears and pain, the company equal relationships and open-minded style of work once I feel at home here, I am happy working, happy life, However, due to I lack of experience, the recent work I would often feel powerless. Work yourself immature sense of total loss. As a result, I began seriously thinking about, I found that because of various reasons, in fact, I do not fit this job, maybe I was too immature, too idealistic, too simple, I am confused and confusing, anything I work very seriously, because I do not want to muddle along, this will only make me feel uneasy, and I timid, things indecisive, indecision, lack of courage, not decisive, and this is the main reason why to lose confidence for my job. Perhaps the most important thing is thinking about what is my biggest interest, what I want, for what to do, find my own position is the next step in my life choice.
I know that the company employing the occasion comes, but I resign at this time. I really feel very ashamed cannot work together and contribute to the company. I hope that company leaders took time in your busy schedule accepted my resignation matter. I consider the resignation submitted in 1-2 months after leaving the company, so you will have time to find suitable candidates to fill the vacancy caused my departure. If you think I left in a more suitable period of time, may wish to give me advice or tell me as soon as possible.
Thank you for giving me the trust and support during this time, and wish all my colleagues and friends in the work to achieve greater results.
Made of : xxx
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