新编实用英语说课教案
《新编实用英语》(New Practical English)是由课委会组织全国各地有丰富教学经验的教师编写的。它既坚持了《基本要求》的正确方向,保持和突出了《实用英语》的优点,又反映了全面更新教学内容的实际。这主要体现在以下几个方面:
1.严格按照《基本要求》编写。
2.进一步克服忽视听说技能训练的弱点,加大听说技能,特别是实用交际能力的训练,把培养一定的实用口语交际能力作为本教程的重要任务。3.加强对应用文等实用文体阅读能力的培养,满足在一线工作的业务人员实际的涉外交际需要。
4.将英语应用能力的训练具体体现于实用英语能力的培养之中。
5.认真贯彻“学一点,会一点,用一点”,“听,说,读,写,译并重”和“边学边用,学用结合”的原则。
6.“教,学,考”相互照应。《高等学校英语应用能力考试大纲和样题》所规定的项目和要求都在教材中得到反映和训练。学完《新编实用英语》第二册可以参加“高等学校英语应用能力考试”的B级考试,学完第四册课参加A级考试。
《新编实用英语》由《综合教程》,《学学·练练·考考》,《教师参考书》以 及配套的多媒体学习课件,电子教案,网络课程等组成。
《新编实用英语——综合教程》分为四册,每册修订后缩编为八个单元。每 个单元都由说(Talking Face to Face),听(Being All Ears),读(Maintaining a Sharp Eye),写(Trying Your Hand)四部分组成,另有一个“趣味阅读”部分(Having Some Fun)。各部分的具体内容如下: Section I Talking Face to Face
本书的编写原则是先听说,后读写。以说的训练为其他语言技能训练提供准备,把听的训练作为提供词语和句式的手段。这里的“对话训练”是全单元训练的切入点,故教学中应力求一开始就把学生学习英语进行实际口头交际的积极性调动起来。这一部分的编排如下:
1. Samples of Applied Writing 对话部分的交际话题是通过应用文展开的。如第二册Unit 1的主题是 invitations,而邀请函就是该主题的引子,因此先引导学生看懂邀请函,而后围绕邀请函进行口语训练,这样就会立即把学生带入实际的交际环境中,使学生在亲身参与交际的过程中感到学习所需语言词语和句型的实际作用。
此部分也可与Applied Writing结合起来进行教学,使学生能够看懂应用文样例,了解其结构特点和语言形式,并能模拟套写简单的应用文。
2. Follow the Samples 这里提供的对话样例是紧扣本课交际话题编写的,其目的是为学生学习该话 题的口头交际提供模仿的样本,故教师应引导学生首先学习样例,达到能流利朗读和熟记常用词语和句式的程度,为下一步模拟套用做好准备。
3. Act Out 此项编排的目的是为学生提供模仿套用所学对话样例的小语言环境。在学习5个短小精炼,生动有趣,针对性强,主题突出的小对话之后分别设定了一个相关的交际“任务”。教师可引导学生根据上文样例进行口头交际的模仿套用练习,取得边学边用的效果。
4. Put in Use 此项训练一般含3项练习,要求在课上口头完成。其编排意图如下: 填空:该练习要求学生填空的内容一般均能依据所提供的对话背景填出,多 为简单的词语,培养学生接续话语的能力。
局部汉译英:即根据交际情景及上下文,将所提供的汉语对话口译为英语,重点是训练学生掌握会话所用语句的能力。
提示性引导回应:此项练习是对前两项练习的发展和提高,赋予学生更为自由的对话空间,教师应引导学生根据提示自己组织语言进行口头交际。
Section II Being All Ears 本部分是在“说”的训练基础上,围绕同一话题进行听力训练,通过听的内容,使听说训练的范围进一步扩大。这既符合:“循序渐进”,“逐步放开”的教学原则,也符合“领会式技能(Receptive Skills)领先”,“促进表达式技能(Productive Skill)”的客观规律。因此,这部分训练既是对前面“对话”训练的发展和提高,又是对后面“阅读”训练的承接与铺垫。
在具体的编排中,我们改变了单一的被动接受型听力练习方式,在训练听力的同时,兼顾现实交际过程中所需要的听力理解技能,将“听——判断”,“听——记录”,“听——归纳”,“听——推测”,“听——阅读”等项技能融合为主动创造型综合训练。从一开始就培养学生为实际交际为训练综合理解语言内容的能力,而不只是着眼于局部孤立的语音和词语的分辨。这一部分的内容编排如下:
1. Listen and Decode 此项练习以听辨能力为目标,但又与传统的听辨练习有所不同。这里仍以听 辨内容为主,而不是以辨音和辨别词语为主,力图把听辨训练也实际口头交际结合起来。在学生听辨选择词语是要求学生既要注意辨音,更要注意辨义,后者比前者更为重要。
2. Listen and Respond 此项练习是听与说两项技能的结合,把“听”作为获取信息的渠道,为表达 提供了进行口头交际的背景与话题,以体现双向交际功能。也就是说,要求学生不仅要听懂,还要能进行简短的问答交流。
3. Listen and Read 此项练习是本书的一个独特编排。因为听力材料不再是对话而是短文。为了 降低听力难度,编者为该短文配置了生词表,要求学生在听之前先将词汇表浏览一下,并粗略的将抽取了部分词语的短文读一遍,然后再根据括号中疑问词所提供的线索边听边填入空缺的信息。由于短文在题材上与后面的阅读文章相近,因此,在进行听力训练的同时,也为进入下一阶段的阅读训练做好了准备。4. Listen and Match 此项练习是围绕上述短文进行的,这实际上是在完成听力训练之后将听力训 练变成了阅读训练,因为做完听力训练后的短文已是没有空缺的全文,从而为下一步进行阅读训练作了铺垫。这一练习仅限于对内容的判断理解。
5. Listen and Conclude 此项练习是作为听力训练的归结,要求学生以回答问题的方式将听到的内容 加以归纳整理,用文字写出一个完整的短文或段落。有的单元没有提出问题而是要学生直接将所听内容写成段落,其目的是引导学生记忆所学的词语和句式,为阅读教学做好准备。该练习有一定难度,教师可指导学生在课上口头回答所提问题,把写短文的任务留给学生在课后完成。
Section III Maintaining a Sharp Eye 因受课外缺乏英语语言环境的限制,中国的英语教学一贯特别重视课文教学,将其视为教学的核心部分。本书虽然打破了以课文为中心的教学体系,遵循“以话题为核心”(topic-based)的编写原则,但对课文教学依然给予足够的注意,因为它是培养阅读能力的主要园地和手段。不过在注意培养阅读能力的同时,始终不把“看懂”作为教学目标,而是坚持在阅读教学中努力培养学生使用英语的能力,也即坚持“看懂——学会”的原则。本书阅读部分具有以下特点: 1.选文紧密体现本单元的交际主话题,使课文教学陈伟本单元教学的一个有机组成部分,充分体现培养英语实用的目标。
2.选文短小精悍,生动活泼,既有利于与前面的听说部分有机的衔接,更符合阅读教学的基本原则,即便于学生预习,便于课上操练,便于学生模拟使用,最终达到“读懂——记住——掌握——使用”的目的。
3.练习突出重点,在理解的基础上突出词语和句式的运用,使学生能在阅读训练中重点掌握这些词语和句式。为此,要求在教学中对句式的模拟练习(Read and Simulate)应给予特别的重视。
每单元有2篇阅读文章,Passage1直接扣住交际话题,是课堂教学的重点,要求学生课前必须预习。Passage2则围绕话题有所展开,内容涉及的范围更为广泛一些,以扩大阅读面。这篇短文既可由学生在课前预习,也可在课上阅读,因此其生词标注在课文的右方,使学生把精力放在理解内容上,而不是把时间花在查阅词典上。
Section IV Trying Your Hand 这是本书的写作部分,分为应用文写作和一般写作两部分。
1. 应用文写作:这里指的是要求学生学会写《基本要求》中的“交际范围表” 所规定的应用文。主要通过典型实例来指导学生模拟套写有关的应用文。教学中教师可就所教应用文的格式,句型和词语进行简要的归纳,并指导学生使用Workbook 中的Data Bank来模拟套写。这里要特别强调的是“模拟套写”而不是“自由创作”,因为应用文具有程式化的特点,只宜于套写而不能随意创作。另外,写作部分的应用文与对话部分所涉及的应用文是一致的,教学中可以对照使用。
2. 一般写作:一般写作是指句子,段落和短文写作。
Section V Have Some Fun
这是一项调节学习气氛的教学内容,所提供的幽默短文或小笑话语言简单易懂,并有一定的教益。通过学习这些活泼有趣的短小材料,学生可以体验与欣赏英语语言和西方文化的魅力并提高学习英语的兴趣。
◆以上是对于我校高职英语所选教材《新编实用英语——综合教程》教法和教材的使用说明。接下来要讲到的是具体的教学过程。
《新编实用英语——综合教程》分为4册,一学期一册。根据我校学生实际情况,高职英语只开三学期,仍然是一学期一册。一册8个单元,按照一周4个课时,两周(8课时)结束一个单元,教学安排是16周。每个单元具体教学安排如下:
Section I
Talking Face to Face
一个课时 Section II
Being All Ears
一个课时 Section III Maintaining a Sharp Eye
Passage 1
两个课时
Passage 2
一个课时
Section IV Trying Your Hand
两个课时 Conclusion(单元小结)
一个课时
现以《新编实用英语——综合教程2》Unit2 Emails为例,对教学过程做具体演示。
Unit 2 Emails Section I Talking Face to Face Aims a)To have the class learn key structure by heart b)To have them practise the dialogue with substitutions c)To introduce some role play d)To use abbreviations and slang in communicating online New Vocabulary Abbrebiation
access
addict
communicate
slang
spiritual
chat New Structure enjoy doing something
It is a good way to do something I will be grateful if„
get access to
Procedure Lead-in Show the students some abbreviations often used in communicating online 1.Warm-up questions a)What do the abbreviations stand for? YDKM(you don’t know me)STYS(speak to you soon)TYVM(thank you very much)WYRN(what is you real name?)WDYS(what did you say?)b)Do you often chat online? c)How do you chat online? d)What do you think of chatting on line? 2.The students read and translate the abbreviations under the guidance of the teacher.Sample dialogues 1.The teacher gives the students more abbreviations and ask them to use them for practice.----What does the abbreviation “LTNS” stand for, linda?----Oh, it means “Long Time No See.”----I don’t know the meaning of YDKM.----It means “You Don’t Know Me.”
----Does STYSL means “Speak To You Soon Later”?----Exactly.How clever you are!----I wonder if you could explain the abbreviation “TYVM” to me?----Oh, that’s easy.It means “Thank You Very Much”.----Hi, Hellen, I am confused when I come across the abbreviation “WYRN”.----Let me see.Does it mean “What is your real name?”
2.The students read the sample dialogues after the teacher and find out the useful sentences and expressions for talking about abbreviations used online.Then ask the students to practice them.A.Expressions or sentences for questions used in this kind of dialogues:
What do you usually do in your spare time? Do you usually chat with someone online? What do you think of chatting online? Do yo often meet with abbreviations while chatting online? Could you please explain the abbreviation “WDYT” to me? Can you guess the meaning of the abbreviation “CWYL”? B.Expressions or sentences for answers used in this kind of dialogues:
Yes, I often chat online with my key-pals.Chatting on line is interesting.I have much fun chatting online.The abbreviation “WDYT” means “What dou you think?” I can guess what these abbreviations might mean.Let me have a guess.Does it mean “ Chat With You Later”?
关键词新编实用英语英语教学文化教育
为了贯彻落实教育部关于《高职高专教育英语课程教学基本要求》的精神,对具有高职教育特点的英语教学方式进行探索。本文结合《新编实用英语》教材,就高职高专英语教学中文化教育的必然因素、具体手段、要注意的重点等问题进行了探讨。
一、《新编实用英语》教材分析
《新编实用英语》是教育部规划的新一代立体化教材,它努力体现了《基本要求》的精神,在《实用英语》的基础上,进一步更新观念,更新内容,更新教学,充分体现了国家对大学英语加强实用性的教学要求,是高职高专英语教材的新突破。该教材在难度上略高于《高职英语》、低于《实用英语》,更适合目前高职学生的实际水平。此外,该教材打破了传统教材的编排模式,注重了实用性、主题性、学生的主体性和听、说、读、写综合能力的提高,体现了全新的理念。
然而,该教材在编写过程中缺少明确体现文化教育的内容。没有很好地把文化教育内容融合在语言教学内容之中。因此,教师在使用《新编实用英语》进行英语教学的时候,需要充分考虑到文化教育的实施,不能让其独立于语言教学之外。
二、文化的概念
实施文化教育。首先要了解文化的概念。文化的意义非常广泛,它几乎涉及人们日常生活的方方面面,所指的概念可以是抽象的,例如思想、宗教等;也可以是具体的,比如实实在在的人或物。彼得·纽马克曾把文化所指归为以下五种类型:一是生态文化;二是物质文化,包括饮食、服装、家居、交通;三是社会文化,包括工作和休闲;四是组织、习俗、活动、程序、概念;五是体态和习惯。教师必须对文化具有清晰的概念,以利于在教学过程中有的放矢。清楚地知道为什么在英语教学中必须进行文化教育,以及怎样在《新编实用英语》教学中有效结合教材进行文化教育。
三、《新编实用英语》教学中进行文化教育的必要因素
文化教育不能独立于语言教学之外。除了语言和文化之间不可分割的关系以外,结合《新编实用英语》教学,从三个方面分析更具有必要性。
1、为了更有效地发挥语言的国际交往功能。交际、语言和文化,三者密不可分。语言是文化的载体,记录着人类文化的发展,是文化的主要表现形式;各民族的文化又通过自己的语言表现出来,不同的民族有着不同的文化。语言是随着社会和民族文化的发展而发展的。这种关系在不同文化背景的人们进行交际时,表现得尤为明显。
托马斯(Thomas)指出:“语法错误(grammatical errors)从表层上就能看出,受话者很容易发现这种错误。这种错误一旦发现,受话者便会认为说话者缺乏足够的语言知识,因此可以谅解。语用失误(pragmatic failure)却不会被像语法失误一样看待。如果一个能说一口流利外语的人出现语用失误。他很可能会被认为缺乏礼貌或不友好。他在交际中的失误便不会被归咎于语言能力的缺乏,而会被归咎于他的粗鲁或敌意。”而语用失误的产生往往都是由于不了解受话者所在国家的文化知识所造成的。
《新编实用英语》教材把培养一定的交际能力作为重要任务。非常重视实用交际能力的训练。而只有既掌握语言,又掌握文化知识,才能消除跨文化的冲击,更好地发挥语言的国际交往功能。因此,为了更有效地发挥语言的国际交往功能,在《新编实用英语》教学中进行文化教育是必不可少的一环。
2、为了对学生进行综合的思想文化教育。高职英语教学中不能仅限于对词汇、语法以及句法的讲解。还要注重相关文化知识的传授。即,应从单一的词汇语法灌输转化为综合的思想文化教育,使学生了解文化差异,尊重其他国家和民族的优秀文化传统,增强世界意识。同时,通过文化知识的学习,学生能了解、熟悉英语国家的文化模式、日常生活习惯和风土人情,开拓视野,提高跨文化素质,形成跨文化意识。因此。为了对学生进综合的思想文化教育,在《新编实用英语》教学中进行文化教育是必不可少的一环。
3、为了增强教学的趣味性、激发学生学习的兴趣。瑞士心理学家皮亚杰说:“兴趣是能量的调节者,它的加入便发动了储存内在的力量足以使工作变得有乐趣。”同样,兴趣也足以使学习变得有乐趣。美国教育学家柏西·布克就说过:“一名教师,你首要的紧迫任务就是去创造一种吸引力。”而英语学习的吸引力一部分就来自丰富的文化知识。高职学生的英语基础普遍不太牢固,在课堂教学中容易因为听不懂太难的词汇或语法而走神。但是,生动、有趣的文化知识,则常常会让学生有“听故事”的兴奋,从而保持着对英语课程的喜爱。因此,为了增强教学的趣味性,激发学生学习的兴趣,在《新编实用英语》教学中进行文化教育是必不可少的一环。
四、《新编实用英语》教学中进行文化教育的具体手段
《新编实用英语》教材虽然没有明确体现文化教育的内容,但在词汇表、对话和课文中却暗含了很多丰富的文化知识。教师在讲授语言的同时,要引导学生重视语言使用的文化背景,使他们不仅掌握语言的基本技巧,而且掌握涉及生态、物质、社会、习俗、体态等内容的异国文化,可采取以下具体手段。
1、利用词汇表进行文化教育。词汇是反映语言与文化之间密切关系的最明显的语言层次之一。《新编实用英语》教材后几页有每个单元的词汇表,如果只是对于大量词汇进行枯燥的认读教学和例句示范,学生兴趣肯定不会太高。但若是在教词汇的同时进行文化教育,效果就会不一样了。在学习了“freeze”这个词后,教师可以给学生介绍美国电影中警察举起手枪喝令罪犯不许动时。嘴里喊出的不是“stop”而是“freeze(一动也不动)”。短语“public school”的释义是“公立学校”,非常抽象,如果教师能补充上相应的文化内涵,教学效果会好得多。教师可以告诉学生,在中国,公立学校指的是政府教育部门主办的学校,即所谓的“正规军”(相对于民办和私立学校而言)。而“public school”在美国是指公立的不收费的学校(没有私立学校好),在英国则专指一种私立的寄宿学校。所有这些跟文化相关的小知识总能让学生听得津津有味。
2、利用对话进行文化教育。对话学习是《新编实用英语》教材每一单元首先要处理的学习重点。各类日常会话中蕴含着丰富的文化现象,利用对话进行文化教育有利于学生更好地掌握对话中的交际句型。问候语是学生最初接触到的英语对话内容,最为常见。但英语问候语与中文问候语有着极大的区别。不了解问候语中所包含的文化,交际往往会失败。教师在教授“How do you
do?”“How are you?”等基本问候交际句型的时候,可以通过介绍中西不同的问候礼仪的方式,加深学生的理解。在中国,亲朋好友重逢或见面时,常用“胖了”或“过好了”等寒暄语来表示问候。在生活水平低下的旧中国,唯有富人才有钱吃吃喝喝,因而长得较胖。穷人饥寒交迫、瘦骨嶙峋,都希望有朝一日能吃得饱长得胖。因此,在中国人的心目中,“胖”是一种福相,一种富态。然而,英美人不仅没有此种礼仪,而且很忌讳肥胖,很容易把这种寒暄误解成一种提醒对方吃药减肥或进行锻炼的告诫。另外,体态和习惯也是文化的重要范畴,教师可以据此介绍人们问候时的身体动作语来提高学生的学习激情。中国人见面打招呼,习惯于握手,而美国人却更喜欢拥抱。
3、利用课文进行文化教育。《新编实用英语》教材每一单元都设有两篇课文,课文所处的背景就是学生需要了解的文化知识。将文化教育贯穿于课文的导入或讲解之中,不仅能吸引学生的注意力,也有助于他们对课文本身的理解。中国有许多节日,英美国家同样也有自己的节日。如感恩节和圣诞节就是其中两个非常重要的节日。在讲解完课文里所介绍的两个主题节日之后,教师可给学生介绍一些英美国家其它节日的由来和庆祝情况,以丰富学生见识、活跃课堂气氛。复活节(Easter)的彩蛋(coloured boiled eggs)、万圣节(Halloween)的南瓜灯(Jaek-o-lantern)等,都能给英语学习增添不少乐趣。
五、《新编实用英语》教学中进行文化教育要注意的重点
《新编实用英语》教学中进行文化教育必不可少。在具体教学实践过程中,教师应该注重培养学生的爱国主义精神和英语理解能力。在课堂以外,教师要注重全面提升自身的综合文化素质。
1、轻中西比较、重中西结合,培养学生的爱国主义精神。提倡在英语教学中渗透文化知识,是为了了解所学语言的文化背景,更好地学好语言知识,更有效地与世界交流。学习了西方文化,不能忽视或淡化我们自己民族的文化传统。教师要引导学生意识到各国有自己的风俗习惯,作为中国的学生,我们有自己民族的道德标准,不应去盲目崇拜西方风俗。比如,教师在让学生学习和了解英美国家节日的同时,可以引导学生如何使用英语表达中国的节日,如:春节(the Spring Festival)、元宵节(the Lantern Festival)、端午节(the Dragon Boat Festival)、中秋节(the Mid-Autumn Day)。即,轻中西比较、重中西结合,培养学生的爱国主义精神。
2、实施文化教育时尽量多使用英语。英语教学的主要目的就是教英语,所以教师在进行文化教育的同时,也不能忽视对英语的训练。为了更好地培养学生的英语理解能力,教师在实施文化教育时应该尽量多使用英语。如果碰到特别难以理解的文化知识,教师可以先用英语介绍,再用汉语简单解释一遍。即,要以学生英语理解为主,教师汉语讲解为辅。不能因为要进行文化教育,而把英语撇在一边,只用汉语大谈特谈。
3、提高教师自身文化素质。对学生实施综合文化教育,首先要提高教师自身的综合文化素质。由于《新编实用英语》教材在编写过程中没有明确体现文化教育的内容,教师用书上的指导材料也不够全面。所以,外语教师应充分利用网络、专著、报纸、杂志、电视等信息资源。从中汲取大量养分,不断提高自身能力,从而达到对学生进行综合文化教育的目的。
Invite people to join daily activities
Invite people to formal occasions Make a written invitation
(write an invitation card or a letter)for:
Personal invitation
Official occasions Give a reply to:
An oral invitation
A written invitation What you should know about Invitation culture: western and Chinese Word order in a subordinate clause Requirements: After learning this unit, students should grasp: 1.Read and understand the meaning of invitation cards and letters 2.How to write invitation cards and letters and remember the patterns of invitation cards and letters 3.How to invite people to party or dinner, and how to accept and decline invitations 4.The customs of inviting people in different countries 5.Important words, phrases and language points in the passage In our daily life, we need to invite others to dinner or take part in all kinds of parties, so we should know about western custom about invitation.Foreign custom is much stricter than Chinese custom in the matter of replying to invitations.When you receive an invitation you should answer is immediately, saying definitely whether you are able to accept it or not.If the invitation is given by word of mouth, in conversation or at a chance meeting, you should answer at once whether you can come or not.If you cannot give an answer at that time, you may say “May I let you know this evening” or some such words.By studying this unit, we will know about how to invite the others, how to accept or decline the invitation, and how to write invitation cards/letters.Section I Talking Face to Face 1.Imitating Mini-Talks 2.Acting out the Tasks 3.Studying Email Information on the Internet 4.Following Sample Dialogues 5.Putting Language to Use Section II Being All Ears 1.Learning Sentences for Workplace Communication 2.Handling a Dialogue 3.Understanding a Short Speech / Talk Section III Trying your Hand
1.Practicing Applied Writing 2.Writing Sentences and Reviewing Grammar Section IV Maintaining a Sharp Eye Passage 1 :
Information Related to the Reading Passage
Whether it is to a wedding, a dinner party, shower or gala event, an invitation comes with some important obligations.Here’s a quick guide to keep you on the guest list.1.R.S.V.P
From the French “Répondez, s’il vous plait”, it means “Please reply.” This little code has been around for a long time and it’s definitely telling you that your hosts want to know if you are attending.Reply promptly, within a day or two of receiving an invitation.2.How do I respond? Reply in the manner indicated on the invitation.R.S.V.P and no response card: a handwritten response to the host at the return address on the envelope.Response Card: fill in and reply by the date indicated and return in the enclosed envelope.R.S.V.P with phone number: telephone and make sure to speak in person — answering machines can be unreliable.R.S.V.P with e-mail: you may accept or decline electronically.Regrets only: reply only if you cannot attend.If your host doesn’t hear from you, he is expecting you!
No reply requested? Unusual, but it is always polite to let someone know your intentions.A phone call would be sufficient.3.Is that your final answer?
Changing a “yes” to a “no” is only acceptable on account of: illness or injury, a death in the family or an unavoidable professional or business conflict.Call your hosts immediately.Canceling because you have a “better” offer is a surefire way to get dropped from ALL the guest lists.Being a “no show” is unacceptable.Changing
a
“no”
to
a
“yes”
is OK only if it will not upset the hosts’ arrangements.4.“May I bring „?”
Don’t even ask!An invitation is extended to the people the hosts want to invite — and no one else.„ a date.Some invitations indicate that you may invite a guest or date(Mr.John Evans and Guest)and when you reply, you should indicate whether you are bringing someone, and convey their name.„ my children.If they were invited, the invitation would have said so.„ my houseguest.It’s best to decline the invitation, stating the reason.This gives your host the option to extend the invitation to your guests, or not.5.Say “Thank You.”
Make sure to thank your hosts before you leave, and then again by phone or note the next day.Text Business Invitation
A case of mistaken identity!Don’t worry, we’ve been assured that this mystery will be
solved in time for our Holiday Office Party We’re leaving the investigation to those who do it best.Let’s get away from all those computers, papers and mess and come to our office party in your best suit or dress.Come join us and Toast the Season Thursday, December 9th 2010 5:00 P.M.The Columbia House – Penthouse Floor 485 Jefferson Plaza Leonard, Barley, Travis, Bailey and Smith
Regrets only to Dianne 248-8522 It would be a crime to miss our party or not be on time
485 Jefferson Plaza
Business invitations can be informal or formal.Although invitations are usually sent through the mail, informal invitations such as e-mail and phone invitations are becoming more acceptable.Invitation Timing
For most formal occasions, it’s best to invite guests three or four weeks in advance.If you choose to invite your guests by phone, remind them again in writing two weeks before the gathering.Here are a few guidelines for your information: ● Six to eight months before an important seminar to which out-of-town executives are invited.● Four weeks before an evening reception.● Two to four weeks before a cocktail party.Invitation Format
Formal business invitations are most commonly printed on white or off-white high-quality paper.A company can use any color of paper it desires, as long as it upholds and promotes the company’s image.With preprinted invitations, you simply fill in the blanks to tell what, where, and when the party will be and who is giving it.It’s also acceptable to include an RSVP notation and your phone number or address on the invitation for more accurate planning.Responding to an Invitation
Either use the address or phone number printed in the lower left corner of the invitation or return the RSVP card sent with the invitation.If a “Please reply by” a given date is included in the invitation, be polite enough to reply by that date.If the words “Regrets only” are printed in the lower left corner of the invitation, you need only to inform the host if you will not be able to attend.If your host does not hear from you, you are expected to attend.Never ask to bring a guest unless the invitation states “Mr.Louis Winthorp and Guest.” Most likely, the host will have only enough food and drinks for the number of people he invites.Showing up with an uninvited friend could turn out to be an embarrassing situation for everyone.Language Points 1 Explanation of Difficult Sentences 1.(Para.1)Although invitations are usually sent through the mail, informal invitations such as e-mails and phone invitations are becoming more acceptable.Analysis: such as means “of the same kind, like” and should be followed by nouns or noun phrases.Translation: 虽然邀请函通常通过信函方式发出,但目前像电子邮件、电话邀请
等非正式邀请越来越被普遍使用。Example: Our discussions were all about issues such as education and
climate change.2.(Para.4)It’s also acceptable to include an RSVP notation and your phone number or address on the invitation for more accurate planning.Analysis: It’s also acceptable to do „ means “It’s also good enough to be received to do „”
Translation: 如果为了使计划更加周密,也可以在邀请函中加上请回复的字样,以及电话号码或联系地址。
3.(Para.5)If a “Please reply by” a given date is included in the invitation, be polite enough to reply by that date.Analysis: If „ is a conditional clause followed by an imperative sentence Translation: 如果邀请函中包括“请于某日之前回复”的字样,则需要在规定日期前回复。
Example: If you choose to invite your guests by phone, remind them again in writing two weeks before the gathering.Example: It’s acceptable to play tricks on your friends on April 1st.4.(Para.6)Never ask to bring a guest unless the invitation states “Mr.Louis Winthorp and Guest.”
Analysis: Never „ unless „ is “double negative”, which means “You can bring a guest if the invitation states „”
Translation: 如若邀请函上没有说明“邀请某某先生和朋友”,不要向邀请方要 求带同伴。
Example: Some people are never happy unless they are in the limelight showing off.2 Important Words 1.in advance
before in time 提前 e.g.Can I sign up for this course in advance? Quality Buildings usually hire its temporary workers well in advance as the need arises.2.seminar n.a small class of usually advanced students meeting to study some subject with a teacher 讨论会,研讨班
e.g.He I’m very sorry about not setting the seminar on time.There is a computer network seminar tomorrow afternoon.3.uphold
v.to support, prevent from being weakened or taken away
支持,赞成 e.g.I want to love as a kind of faith to uphold.All staff uphold integrity-based quality first principle.4.image
n.the opinion people have of a person, organization, product etc.形象 e.g.The hotel industry is working hard on improving its image.The party has to project the right image.5.given
a.fixed for a purpose and stated as such 给定的,特定的 e.g.The work must be done within the given time.At any given time, the status of technical progress is relatively inflexible.6.likely
ad.probably 可能 e.g.I’d very likely have done the same thing in your situation.As likely as not(very probably), the meeting will take place in the village pub.Passage 2 :
Information Related to the Reading Passage
This is an informal invitation letter between friends.The tone of this letter is casual.The language is not so formal.This kind of informal invitation letter is often written in the first person.For example, “in the hope that it will be possible for you both to spend a few days with us during your stay in England.” “and it would be nice if you could come then, too.” But a formal invitation card is usually written in the third person.Text An Invitation Letter My dear Michael, It seems ages since we heard from you — and even longer since you went to work in China.But recently we happened to bump into Charlie Wright at a party, and from him we learnt that you and Lucia will be coming to England over the Christmas holidays.So I am writing straightaway — to make sure this reaches you well before you leave Shanghai — in the hope that it will be possible for you both to spend a few days with us during your stay in England.I am still teaching English Literature in a university and I am getting well along with my colleagues.I also have some Chinese students here, who are very friendly and intelligent.I imagine you will be spending Christmas with your parents, but surely you will have some time after that before your Christmas holidays end.We shall be having two other friends of ours staying with us over the New Year weekend, and it would be nice if you could come then, too.Mike and Rosa Griffiths are old friends and a very nice couple;I’m sure you will like them.They used to live in China, too, so we shall have something in common.And if we get some decent weather, we might all go off one day and visit the Carters — I’m sure we can get Uncle Arthur to lend us his minibus.There’s not a great deal to report from our end.Mary is well and still enjoying her school teaching(at least, I think so);the children are growing up at a terrifying rate;I am still working for Sanderson’s and like it well enough — though occasionally pining for the footloose days of long ago.But let’s hope you will soon be here to see for yourselves — and help us see the New Year in!I’d better stop here now;I’m supposed to be spending this evening writing Christmas cards.Write or phone as soon as you can — and come!Love from us all!
Language Points 1 Explanation of Difficult Sentences 1.(Para.1)It seems ages since we heard from you.Analysis: It seems ages since...means “It seems a long time since...” Translation: 似乎很长时间没有收到你的信了。Example: It seems ages since I saw you in Shanghai.2.(Para.1)So I am writing straightaway — to make sure this reaches you well before you leave Shanghai — in the hope that it will be possible for you both to spend a few days with us during your stay in England.Analysis: To make sure...is an adverbial of purpose, and in the hope, a prepositional phrase is used also as an adverbial of purpose.Translation: 所以我马上写信,好让你在离开上海之前肯定收到这封信——希望你们俩能在英格兰逗留期间和我们一起住几天。
3.(Para.3)I imagine you will be spending Christmas with your parents, but surely you will have some time after that before your Christmas holidays end.Analysis: Surely is used to express that someone is certain or almost certain about something.Translation: 我猜想你将在你的父母家过圣诞节, 但肯定在你的圣诞节假日结束之前还会有一些时间。
Example: These children surely deserve something better than a life on the streets.Example: I am sending this card to you today — to make sure you receive it before the Christmas Day.4.(Para.4)I am still working for Sanderson’s and liking it well enough — though occasionally pining for the footloose days of long ago.Analysis: Sanderson’s here refers to a company implying Sanderson’s company;though is introducing a participle clause pining for...and serving as the adverbial of concession.Translation: 我还在桑德森公司工作,而且工作很称心——虽然偶尔我也渴望从前自由自在的日子。
Example: They are working happily with Kent’s, though sometimes pining for the footloose school days.2 Important Words 1.bump into
to meet somebody by chance 偶然碰到,偶然遇到 e.g.We bumped into Kate when we were in London last week.She bumped into his tray, knocking the food onto his lap.2.straightaway
ad.do without delay, especially it has to be done urgently 马上,立刻 e.g.I’ll come around straightaway with the files.We’d better start work straightaway.3.colleague
n.someone that you work with 同事
e.g.I’d like you to meet a colleague of mine, Jean Michael.He was never particularly popular with his colleagues.4.decent
a.of a good enough quality or standard 得体的,像样的,体面的 e.g.I want to provide my boys with a decent education.There isn’t one decent restaurant around.5.terrify
v.to frighten someone severely 威胁,恐吓,惊吓 e.g.We terrified the girls with spooky stories.He terrified her by jumping out at her from a dark alley.6.pine for
TITLE: Unit 12(Lesson45)
TEACHING AIDS: Multiple media and tape recorder TEACHING PURPOSE: 1.Count numbers from 1to 50
2.Learn some plural forms of nouns(重点)3.Practise drills like this:(重点、难点)How many......are there......? There is only one./There are......TEACHING STEPS:
STEP 1:Count numbers from 1to 50 STEP 2: Play a game:
T: What’s in the bag?(Let students guess)S: There is a/an......in it./There are.....in it.(引出本节课的重点、难点:名词的复数及There be句型)STEP 3:Revision:
Revise the singular and plural forms of nouns(show pictures)e.g.bird-birds bus-buses baby-babies goose-geese ect.STEP 4:Presentations:
Show the pictures of men, women and children.Teach the plural forms of men, women and children.STEP 5: Listen to the tape(Part 1)and then ask and answer like this:(Show pictures)How many......are there? There is only one./There are......Where are they?
They’re at school/home/work.(Then practise dialogues like this according to the fact)STEP 6: Listen to the tape(Part 3)and answer questions: How many kites are there in the sky? How many birds are there in the sky?(Then read the dialogue and act it.)STEP 7: Summary: 1.The plural forms of nouns 2.How many......are there? There is a/an....../There are......STEP 8: Talk about the picture(幻灯片显示,巩固本节课所学重点内容)STEP 9: Homework:
Do Ex 1 and Ex 2 of your workbook.Oxford English 7A, Module 4 Unit 2(Our animal friends)Teaching Plan Language focus:
1.Learn new word & expressions 2.Text-learning
3.Using the simple present tense to express preferences Materials:
Students’ Book 7A page 67 A cassette player, a slide projector Different kinds of things Teaching procedure: I.Warming-up
Let’s sing a song to relax.II.Greeting III.Students’ report
Today our topic is “Our animal friends”.First, let’s watch a short play by students.IV.Presentation Thank you.In their short play , we know animals are very lovely.They are our good friends.So I think most of people like animals, especially you, children.Do you have good animal friends? You bring them here.Would you please show us your animal friends? Please take out and try to introduce your pets.Like this:
1.Do you have a pet at home? 2.What’s it?
3.What’s his/her name? 4.What colour is he/she?
5.How/Where did you get him/her?
Now discuss with your deskmates, I’ll ask some of you to try O.K.?(Then ask 6 students to introduce.)
All of your pets are nice.But I prefer puppies.To S1: Which animal do you like ? S1: I like…
Oh, he/ she prefers… And how about you ?(To S2)S2: I like/ prefer…
Oh, he prefers… Now look at this expression:----Which one do you like ?----I prefer…
Read after me.(practise)----Which food do you like?----Which fruit do you like ?----Which city do you like ? Practise this expression in pairs.Now,do you know which pet Kitty and Ben prefer.Let’s learn Sam’s story.Look at some new words first.(Show a brochure.)
This is a travel brochure/ a computer brochure.We can also say a travel booklet.(Show slide)Read after me.(Show a picture.)
Who is he ? He’s an inspector.A person whose job is to exam or check something.(Show word: inspector.Read)/(Show another picture.)
What can you see in the picture? It’s a home for dogs.It’ s a kennel.(Show word: kennel.Read)I’ll tell you Sam is at the SPCA kennels.What is SPCA.(Show slide: SPCA: Society for the prevention of cruelty to animals.)
Read after me.It means an organization which protects animals from danger.Let’s read all new words.V.Text-learning
Then let’s come to our text.First, listen to the text, don’t look at your books.Then try to answer some questions about the text.So listen carefully.(1)Is dog’s name Simon?
(2)Did Ben and Kitty first meet Sam in the pet shop?(3)Does Kitty prefer the black and white one best ?(4)Do they want the light brown one ?(5)What’s the dog’s name ?(6)Where did they first meet Sam ?(7)Which pet does Ben prefer?(8)Which one do they choose finally?(9)What must Ben and Kitty do if Sam is sick?
All right.Open your books to page 67.Read after the tape sentence by sentence.Pay attention to pronunciation and intonation.Then you practise the text by groups in roles.Try to imitate as possible as you can.VI.Consolidation
From the text , we know Kitty and Ben love Sam very much.They take good care of him.They are so kind to animals.But nowadays, a lot of people are cruel to animals.A large number of animals are killed by people.Even some rare animals have disappeared from the earth.It is a sad story.So we must protect animals and protect environment.Do you agree ?(Yes.)
According to this situation.I ask you to discuss in groups and give us your stories about this topic.Please prepare for a while.I’ll play the music.The music stops, you stop.VII.Summary and assignment
In this class, we learn Sam’s story and we know animals are our good friends.We should be kind to them.We also learn some new words and expression.Today’s homework:
1.Copy the new words.2.Recite the text.3.Complete the report on page 67.Comments after class
English is a useful language.It’s a useful tool.We would like our students to use this language flexibly rather than only remembering some phrases.According to this aim,in this lesson, my design is firstly moving from old knowledge to new knowledge,from previous lesson to the next one.My topic is “Our animal friends”, and children like animals.So at the beginning of the lesson, I invite students to introduce their favourite animals.They could take their pets to the class and they showed great interest.Next I transferred to the sentence pattern:
“ Which one do you like?” “ I prefer….”
By asking “ Which animals do you like?”
Unit 1 I always like birthday parties
Part One: Analysis of the Teaching Material
(一)STATUS AND FUNCTION 1.This module is an important and useful lesson.make the Ss learn some key words and phrases to describe their birthday.Enable them to know the cultural difference.Therefore, this lesson plays an important part.2.This is the first period of Module8.It’s the part of the Lead-in.So if the Ss can learn it well, it will be helpful to make the Ss learn the rest of this unit.3.“birthday”is a very good topic.Such a topic is helpful to raise learning interests of students and it will be also helpful to improve their spoken English.(二)ANALYSIS OF THE STUDENTS
The Ss have learned English for more than three months so far.They can speak simple English very well.The Ss have taken a great interest in English now.(三)TEACHING AIMS
1.Knowledge objects(1)To study the new words : birthday , sing, cake, present, party, card(2)To learn some phrases about birthday.eat birthday cake ,eat noodles, get presents, have a party, get birthday cards, sing Happy Birthday, cut birthday cake 2.Ability objects
(1)To develop the Ss’ abilities of listening, speaking, reading and writing.(2)To train the Ss’ ability of self-taught, working in pairs and groups.(3)To develop the Ss’ abilities of exploring and communication
3.Moral objects
(1)To make Ss know something about the birthday culture.(2)Let Ss know they should love and enjoy their life.(四)TEACHING KEY AND DIFFICULT POINTS
1.Key points:
(1).To help Ss grasp the new words and phrases.(2).To help Ss master the adverbs about frequency.(3)To enable Ss to study and explore by themselves.2.Difficult points: How to use the words and phrases to describe their birthdays.(五)TEACHING AIDS
Tape recorder, card, Power point Part Two: The Teaching Methods
1.Task-based teaching method 2.Communicative teaching method 3.Self-Exploring teaching method Part Three: Studying Ways
1.Lead the Ss to lean by themself and co-operate with others.2.Let the Ss pass “Observation---Imitation---Practice” to study language.Part Four:Teaching Procedure Step 1: Lead-in 1.Show a card with the word “birthday”,and ask them if they know it.2.Tell the Ss that today is Mike’s birthday, call on them to sing Happy birthday for him 3.Show the tittle and aims
Step2.Learn the new words and phrases.1.Make Ss to say something about birthday.Show them some pictures to promote them to learn the new words and remember them.2.Show some pictures about birthday and promote them to learn some phrases with the new words.Step3.Learn the adverbs about frequency.1.Ask the Ss to observe a table.2.Lead them to get a conclusion about the adverbs about frequency.3.Make a sentence with the phrases and the adverbs about frequency to describe birthday.Step4 Practice 1.Ask the Ss to describe their birthday.2.Ask the Ss to change their ideas with others to finish the group work.3.Ask them to show themselves.Step4.Summary
1.Ask a student to do a short summary.2.Have a self-test.Step5.Homework:
Read the passage and try to act it out with your group members.Part5 Blackboard Design Module 8 Unit 1 I always like birthday parties(1)New words:
(2)Key phrases:
(3)Describe your birthday:
(4)Self-test:
第一级 中国乐曲(二)扎红头绳 王震亚改编 歌剧《白毛女》杨白劳与喜儿的二重唱段,4/4拍,中速,欢乐,平行乐段曲式。
引子:(第1小节)节拍点在左手,要强调每拍第一个音;右手后半拍切入,要有弹性。
A:(1一4)右手为旋律,要突出,要弹出小分句来。第2、3小节的“后16分音符”时值要准确、清晰地弹出来。应特别注意,这两个16分音符在5、4指上,不易站住,要多练习。应区分连奏与跳奏,注意旋律的走向,第4小节与第8小节的渐强一定要做出来。左手为单、双音的跳奏,好像民族乐器的拨弦,要轻巧、灵敏、有弹性,重音应在每一拍的第一个音,而不能在大指上。(6一9)反复一次,并且比第一次要激动些。扩充两小节(11、12)结束句要热情。注意右手小连线的奏法要求,左手最后一小节要用跳奏(似拨弦),与右手相呼应,渐弱结束。
第四项 外国乐曲(P.11)
(一)乡村快步舞曲 克拉克曲 a小调4/4拍,朝气蓬勃、节奏性强,再现单三部曲式。
A:(1一6)B:(7一14)A’(变化再现):(15一22)。
练习提示:
1.连奏:训练同向与反向的五指连奏。如:第2、4小节为同向,第6小节至11小节则为反向。左右手小指一定要站好,保持手型,做好小连线。
2.断奏:第1、3、5小节可弹断奏,重量要放下去,右手指法5.4.5.都要独立站好,特别是小指绝不能“躺下”。
3.严格节拍,一定要认清8分休止符、4分休止符、2分休止符和全休止符的符号,更重要的是准确做出来,这样舞曲节奏就会很鲜明。
(二)摇摆的印地安人 w.吉罗克曲a小调4/4拍、节奏性很强、很愉快的,模仿印第安人打鼓和舞蹈,再现单三部曲式。
练习提示:
1.要注意小连线。例如:第1、2小节及10一12小节出现两个音的小连线,一定要做好。乐谱上多数小节的第一个音的符头上有 > 记号,一定要强调、要弹出来,加强节奏感。
2.连音与跳音要严格区分。
3.左手弹五度双音时,手型要好,重量要放下去。
4.注意(13一14)小节双手的交替弹奏。I.h(英、德)为左手。R.h(英、德)为右手。
5.注意表情记号,例如:第13、14小节为p(弱),经过渐强之后,到17小节则达到ff(很强),这就要求做出一个很大幅度的渐强。
6.细心倾听变化音所营造出的美妙色彩!降E调的出现带有一定忧郁,它更突出了印第安人的音乐特色。
(三)春之歌 汤普森曲 A大调3/4拍,优美、流畅,不太快的行板,单二部曲式。
训练课题:学会连奏,弹抒情性、歌唱性的旋律。这首乐曲为主调音乐,旋律在一个声部,其他声部为伴奏。此曲旋律在右手,左手为伴奏,因此一定要突出旋律,伴奏要控制、要轻弹,层次要分明。这是重要的课题,初学者应认真练习逐渐掌握。
练习要求:
1.右手弹连奏,分句要清楚。教师应为学生划好分句的连线,例如:(1一2)与(3一4)各自一条连线,而(5一8)则共有一条大连线。句尾音要自然抬起手腕,做好收音。
2.左手为分解和弦,主要是I、V和弦的连接。指法要正确,手的位置要平稳,不可胡乱跳。弹奏连音时,第一拍稍重,而第3拍的大指要控制,要有韵律感。
3.第33小节,当右手跨过左手弹低音旋律时,一定要注意准确。
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