初中英语语法之形容词&副词

2024-05-24 版权声明 我要投稿

初中英语语法之形容词&副词(精选8篇)

初中英语语法之形容词&副词 篇1

形容词副词的原级、比较级和最高级

1、分类:形容词和副词有原级、比较级和最高级三级。

2、规则变化:

(1)单音节和部分双音节形容词和副词,在原级的后面加上er,est构成比较级和最高级。

a)直接加er,est :

b)以重读闭音节结尾的,要双写最后一个辅音字母,后加er,est:

c)以辅音字母+y结尾的,先把y改为i再加上er,est:

(2)两个音节或两个以上的音节的,在原级前加more / most.

3、不规则变化:

原级

比较级

最高级

good好的

better更好的

best最好的

well好;(身体)好的,

bad,badly糟糕的,糟糕地

worse更糟糕的,更糟糕地;(身体)更不舒服的

worst最糟糕的,最糟糕地;(身体)最不舒服的

ill(身体)不舒服的

many许多的(可数)

more更多的;更

most最多的;最

much许多的(不可数);非常

little少的

less更少的

least最少的

far远的;远地

farther更远的;更远地

farthest最远的;最远地

further进一步的(地)

furthest最深刻的(地)

4、形容词和副词的原级、比较级和最高级的用法:

(1) 讲述某人/物自身的情况时,用原级。基本句型是:

主语(sb./sth) + 谓语动词 +(very/too/so/quite/rather…) + 形容词/副词原级 +….如:

He is very oldnow. 他现在很老了。

They ran quitefast. 它们跑得相当快。

The weatherlooks rather bad. 天气看上去相当糟。

I am sohappy! 我是如此的快乐!

☆表示两者之间没有差别时,使用句型:

主语(第一个人物) + 谓语动词 + as + 形容词/副词原级 + as + 第二个人物 +….如

He is as excited as his younger sister. 他和他妹妹一样兴奋。

Lily rode her bike as slowly as an oldlady. 莉莉骑车像老太太一样慢。

They picked as many apples as the farmers(did). 他们摘的苹果和农民一样多。

☆表示第一个人比不上第二个人时,使用句型:主语(第一个人物) + 谓语动词(否定式) + as / so + 形容词/副词原级 + as + 第二个人物+….如:

He is not so / as excited as his youngersister. 他没他妹妹那么兴奋。

Lily did not ride her bike so / as slowly asan old lady. 莉莉骑车不像老太太那样慢。

They didn’t pick so / as many apples as thefarmers (did). 他们摘的苹果不如农民多。

(2) 讲述两者有差异,第一个人物超过第二个人物时,用比较级。基本句型:

主语(‘A’)+谓语动词+(much/alittle/even/still)+形容词/副词比较级+than+第二个人物(‘B’)+….如:

A modern trainis much faster than a car. 现代的火车比轿车快多了。

This book didn’tcost me more than that one. 这本书花费我的钱不比那本多。

讲述两者有差异,第一个人物不及第二个人物时,用比较级。句型是:

主语(‘A’) + 谓语动词 + less+(多音节形/副)比较级 + than + 第二个人物(‘B’) +….如:

I think English is less difficult thanmaths. 我认为英语不比数学难。

Do you think it less important to learn aforeign language? 你认为学外语不那么重要吗?

(3) 讲述某人/物是一群之中最突出的一个时,用最高级。句型是:

主语(sb./sth) + 谓语动词 +(the) +形容词/副词最高级 +in / of ….如:

The Changjiang River is the longest inChina. 长江是中国最长的河流。

He jumped (the) highest of the three(boys). 三个男生中他跳得最高。

(4)讲述“是....的几倍”的句型:.....times +as+原级 + as .....

This house is three times as large as thatone . 这栋房子是那栋的三倍大。

He can run five three times as fast as hisbrother. 他跑步的速度是他弟弟的三倍。

(6)讲述“尽可能......”的句型:.....as+ 原级 + as possible/one can.

We should get up as early as possible/wecan. 我们应可能的早起。

5、关于比较等级的重要注释:

1、如果动词是及物或不及物动词,则后面用副词;如果后面是连系动词,则后面用形容词。如:

This car is the fastest of the four.(形容词) 这辆汽车是四辆之中最快的。

This car runs (the) fastest of the four.(副词) 这辆汽车是四辆之中跑得最快的。

2、“比较级+and+比较级”表示“越来越……”。如:

The weather is getting warmer andwarmer. 天越来越温暖了。

2、“the+比较级…,the+比较级…”表示“越…就越…”。如:

The more trees we plant,the better it willbe. 我们栽的树越多,情况就会越好。

The harder you try,the greater your progressis. 你越是努力,进步就越大。

3、一般的形容词或副词的比较级前面可以加much/alittle/even/still,而表示数量的more之前还可以加some/ any/ no/ one/ two/ many/ several/ a lot等词。如:

It is much colder today than yesterday. 今天比昨天冷多了。

Would you like some more coffee? 你还要些咖啡吗?

He did not eat any more. 他没有再吃。

5、more than / less than分别可以理解为“多于/少于”,相当于副词,morethan=over; less than=under.如:I lived in New York for more than four months. 我在纽约生活了四个多月。

6、“one of the +最高级+名词(复数)”整个短语为单数含义,谓语要用单数形式。如:

One ofthe oldest houses has been burnt in a fire. 最古老的一幢房子在一场大火中被烧毁了。

7、“Which / Who+动词+形/副,□,□or□?”句型中,如果有两个选项,形/副用比较级,如果有三个选项,形/副用最高级。如:

Who has more books, Lin Tao or Han Mei? 林涛和韩梅谁的书最多?

Which is the heaviest,a pig,a horse or anelephant? 猪、马、象哪个最重?

8、上下文中含有both/either/neither/two/twins等表示两个事物的词时,用比较级,而且往往还要加the;含有all/none/noone/ every 等表示三个或三个以上事物时,用最高级。如:

--Do you like the smaller one?—Neither. 小一点的那个你喜欢吗?一个都不喜欢。

初中英语语法之形容词&副词 篇2

这一期,我们学习英语语法:as+形容词或副词原级+as。

形容词和副词比较级和最高级的的常用结构

形容词和副词比较级和最高级主要用于事物之间的相互比较。常用结构如下:

(1)as+形容词或副词原级+as A与B一样。

Their library is as large as our library/ours.

他们的图书馆和我们的一样大。

There are as many students in our classas in their class/theirs.

我们班的学生数与他们班一样多。

It is as hot in Shanghai as in Hangzhou in summer.

夏天上海和杭州一样炎热。

He speaks English as well as an American.

他英语说得和美国人一样好。

初中英语语法 形容词 篇3

A:形容词

1、 形容词及其用法

形容词修饰名词,说明事物或人的性质或特征。通常, 可将形容词分成性质形容词和叙述形容词两类,其位置不一定都放在名词前面。

1) 直接说明事物的性质或特征的形容词是性质形容词,它有级的变化,可以用程度副词修饰,在句中可作定语、表语和补语。例如:hot 热的。

2) 叙述形容词只能作表语,所以又称为表语形容词。这类形容词没有级的变化,也不可用程度副词修饰。大多数以a开头的形容词都属于这一类。例如:afraid 害怕的。

(错) He is an ill man.

(对) The man is ill.

(错) She is an afraid girl.

(对) The girl is afraid.

这类词还有: well,unwell,ill,faint,afraid,alike,alive,alone,asleep,awake 等。

3)形容词作定语修饰名词时,要放在名词的前边。但是如果形容词修饰以-thing为字尾的词语时,要放在这些词之后,例如:

something nice

2. 以-ly结尾的形容词

1) 大部分形容词加-ly可构成副词。但 friendly,deadly,lovely,lonely,likely,lively, ugly,brotherly,仍为形容词。

改错:(错) She sang lovely.

(错) He spoke to me very friendly.

(对) Her singing was lovely.

(对) He spoke to me in a very friendly way.

2)有些以-ly 结尾既为形容词,也为副词。

daily,weekly,monthly,yearly,early

The Times is a daily paper.

The Times is published daily.

3 用形容词表示类别和整体

1) 某些形容词加上定冠词可以泛指一类人,与谓语动词的复数连接。如:the dead,the living,the rich,the poor,the blind,the hungry

The poor are losing hope.

2) 有关国家和民族的形容词加上定冠词指这个民族的整体,与动词的复数连用。

the British,the English,the French,the Chinese.

The English have wonderful sense of humor.

4 多个形容词修饰名词的顺序

多个形容词修饰名词时,其顺序为:

限定词--数词--描绘词--(大小,长短,形状,新旧,颜色) --出处--材料性质,类别--名词

a small round table

a tall gray building

a dirty old brown shirt

a famous German medical school

an expensive Japanese sports car

典型例题:

1) Tony is going camping with ___ boys.

A. little two other B. two little other C. two other little D. little other two

答案:C。由“限定词--数词--描绘词--(大小,长短,形状,新旧,颜色) --性质--名词”的公式可知数词,描绘词,性质依次顺序,只有C符合答案。

2) One day they crossed the ____bridge behind the palace.

A. old Chinese stone B. Chinese old stone C. old stone Chinese D. Chinese stone old

答案A. 几个形容词修饰一个名词,他们的排列顺序是:年龄,形状,大小+颜色+来源+质地+用途+国家+名词。

3) ---- How was your recent visit to Qingdao?

---- It was great. We visited some friends,and spent the ___days at the seaside.

A. few last sunny B. last few sunny C. last sunny few D. few sunny last

答案:B。本题考查多个形容词的排序问题。一般与被修饰形容词关系密切的形容词靠近名词;如果几个形容词的重要性差不多,音节少的形容词在前,音节多的方在后,在不能确定时,可参照下表:

限定词+数量词(序数词在前,基数词在后)+性状形容词+大小、长短、高低等形体+

those + three + beautiful + large + square

新旧+颜色+国籍+材料+名词

old + brown + wood + table

5下列几类形容词也没有比较等级:

(1)表示“终极”意义或绝对概念的形容词或副词。如:absolute(ly), blind, dead, excellent, entire, living, full, perfect(ly), round, relative, wrong等。

(2)表示时间、方位或方向的形容词或副词。如:back, backward, forward, front, past, monthly, weekly, present, southern, vertical等。

(3)部分表示事物性质、物质材料或结构成分的形容词。如:atomic, cultural, economic, educational, golden, political, scientific, silken, urban, wooden等。

(4)本身具有“最”或“唯一”概念的形容词。如:maximal, mere, minimal, matchless, sole, only unique等。

6形容词作定语时的后置

a.前面我们讲到形容词作定语时,位置要放在所修饰的名词前面,但当它带有表示量度的词或词组时,定语后置。

They have built a bridge a hundred meters long.

他们建成了一座一百米长的桥。

Last year we built a building thirteen storeys high.

去年,我们盖了一栋十三层的高楼。

b.带有表示量度的词或词组,作表语时,也后置。

The bridge is a hundred meters long.

这座桥长达一百米。

The building is thirteen storeys high.

这个大楼有十三层高。

They have built a two-hundred-meter-long bridge.

他们已经修建了一座长二百米的桥。

注意

量度词组变成合成语时,作定语用,放在名词前。

Last year we built a thirteen-storey-high building.

去年我们建了一座高十三层的大楼。

c.另外,一些形容词或形容词词组常用来放在句首、句中或句尾,作状语。

He returned home, tired and hungry.

他又累又饿地回到了家。

Cold and hungry, he walked in the street.

又冷又饿,他走在街道上。

初中英语复习建议

一、冲刺复习以整理为主

最后的冲刺复习,考生再进行大量的练习是不科学的,这段时间应将从前做过的试卷进行最后的整理,将试卷中的错题进行梳理、归类,配合以往的笔记,通过对试卷的分析,将常错的题逐一攻克以查漏补缺。现在,许多学生专注于做各种练习题,却忽略了做题后的总结和归纳,其实,总结和归纳是考生提高英语水平的有效途径。考生应该在每堂复习课后、每次考试后,将错题整理到改错本上,事后将错题再做一遍,这样可最大限度减少重复性犯错。在查漏补缺中,考生可按自己的方法进行,也可以用联想式的复习方式进行,如在复习一个单词或词组时,不光要知道该单词或词组的意思、词性、用法,同时也应联系该单词或词组的同义词、反义词、近义词进行复习。另外,考生要研究一下去年中考题中出现过的“旧词新意”,即一单词是课本中学过的,但考生从未接触其新的用法或词意,这需要考生通过上下文来理解,大胆猜测。

二、综合能力训练不可少

强调英语学科的实用性是中考英语的趋势之一,所以在最后一周里考生要强化一下常用的交际用语的复习,在复习时应侧重于把握文化和表达习惯的差异,如注重打电话、购物、看病、旅游计划等语境,表达情感包括感谢、遗憾、邀请、道歉、询问、祝愿等,复习时考生要侧重于“惯用”表达。在复习时,可通过回归课本来实现,如每天花半小时读课文,一刻钟练听力,这样对语法、语感的复习和培养是很有帮助的。阅读还是应加强,可从句子入手,遇到生词要及时落实,生词不求会写但要懂得词意,这样适当地拓宽单词量,对中考有好处。但是在现在的关键时刻,也不要本末倒置,考生抛开书本,一味去拓宽词汇量也是不实际的。在复习作文方面,可以选择两篇作文进行练兵,在训练时不主张自我发挥,还是要求稳,翻译时要将要点翻译正确,尽量用简单句,要注意句子间和段落间的过渡,不要出现语法、单词错误,另外对于日记、信件、通知等文体的格式要进一步落实,再收集一下有关校园生活的素材,进行针对性的练习。

三、记背还是不可少

每天记背单词是不可少的,记背方法可由学生自行确定,但一定要落实其读音、词性、用法等,对于那些多层词义、词性和用法的单词要格外留意。在复习写作时,建议考生将写过的作文的范文看一下,并选择性地记背几篇,特别是一些好词、好句、过渡句等。

四、不同层面学生冲刺各有侧重

不同层面上的考生在最后的复习还是应突出其针对性。基础较差的考生重点攻克基础内容,考生在复习时要掌握各个考点,考生只要态度端正了,就一定能有所突破。基础较好的考生重点放在完形填空、阅读和作文上。要善于总结这几类拉分题的解题技巧。如在做完形填空、阅读理解和阅读填词题时,都要通读文章,瞻前顾后,掌握文章的主旨,选择答案后再回归到文本中去检验。碰到有的选项模棱两可,就应根据上下文推测,考生会发现有的选项在下文中已经出现或有暗示;有些选项,学生习惯以自己的知识经验为判断依据,这样容易误选;答题要仔细斟酌,避免以偏概全,即有的选项看似正确,也符合题意,此时应再考虑一下它的说法是否过于绝对或者有以偏概全的问题。

4初一英语学习注意事项

第一,书写。大家在小学学习英语的时候,也许老师更多关注语音,对于书写并不是那么重视。而中学英语学习要求同学们不仅要说的好,更能够写出来,写对。有很多同学因为书写习惯不好,在英语学习上吃了很多亏。现在无论中考还是高考都是电脑阅卷,同学们的卷子需要被扫描进电脑,如果你的书写习惯不好,阅卷老师将无法找你的原卷子查证。更重要的是,书写反映了一个人的态度,如果书写随意的话,你在做事的时候也一定马虎。学英文,要从把每一个英文字母写好做起。相信每一个老师都喜欢态度认真的同学。

第二,笔记。不知道大家在小学的时候有没有记笔记的习惯,如果没有,请你为英语课准备一个笔记本。俗话说“好脑子不如烂笔头”,初中英语学习的内容量和难度都会增大,仅凭脑力是不能够全部记住的。初中的老师会把知识点写在板书里,希望同学们能够择其要点,写好笔记。这样对复习考试都是很有帮助的。如果你是程度比较好的同学,你可能觉得初中的,尤其是初一的知识对你而言比较简单,我请你也要记笔记。小学学到的内容未必准确,只有专心听讲,认真笔记,才能对自己的知识查漏补缺。

第三,阅读。我刚刚说过,语言是文化。如果你不能到那个文化的所在地的话,学习文化最好的方式就是阅读。阅读在拓宽视野的同时,还训练了语言,是一举两得的事情。一定有同学会问,那我们都读什么呢?只要是英语的材料都可以阅读,比如市面上销售的阅读理解练习题、小说,英语小文章都是很好的阅读材料。事实证明,得阅读者得天下。阅读是在各种大考中所占分数比例最高的一个题型,因为它最能检测一个人的英语水平。如果我们从初一年级就重视发展阅读能力,到初三的时候,就不会觉得英语学科难度很大了。

第四,坚持。这是学习英语的秘诀。因为英语学习的特点是“每天进步一点点”。每天同学们都应该坚持,读一点点,背一点点,听一点点,写一点点。但是同学们也应该知道,英语学习的第二个特点是“停一天,退三天”。如果你一天没有努力,前几天的努力就可能前功尽弃。所以请同学们坚持到底,英语学习的效果自然就会体现出来了。

初中英语语法之形容词&副词 篇4

1.immediate

adj立即的,即刻的;立刻的,马上

2.clear

adj 清楚的,清晰的 3.cautious

adj小心翼翼的 4.vivid

adj 生动的,逼真的 5.exactly

adv1.确切地,精确地;完全地 2.恰好地,正好地

6.fortunately

adv.幸运地

3.(用于答语)完全正确。(的确这样)

7.surprisingly

adv令人惊讶的8.hardly

adv 几乎不

9.instead

adv代替,相反

10.properly

adv 适当地;正确地;恰当地 11.specially

adv专门

12.reliable

adj 可靠的,可信赖的 13.simply

adv 简单地;仅仅,只不过

14.namely

adv即,也就是 15.not nearly = far from = nowhere near远非,远远不,一点也不

16.patient

adj耐心的;n 病人 17.plain

adj简单的,朴素的18.familiar

adj熟悉的;19.lucky

adj 幸运的 20.amazing

adj令人惊异的,21.accidentally adv 1.偶然地;意外地 2.附带地

22.silent

adj沉默的 23.calm

adj平静的24.secret

adj 秘密的 25.otherwise

adv 否则

26.meanwhile

adv期间,同时 27.besides

adv除…..以外还有

28.efficient

adj高效的,有效的 29.flexible

adj 灵活的30.complex

adj复杂的 awkward

adj 尴尬的,笨拙的 clumsy

complicated

adj 难懂的,复杂的 31.smooth

adj平稳的,光滑的,顺利的32.regularly

adv 定期的,有规律的 33.sensitive

adj 敏感的,体贴的 34.honest

adj诚实的 35.confident

adj自信的 36.shy

adj.1.害羞的,腼腆2.羞涩的 37.thoughtful

adj 1.深思的,沉思的 2.富有思想的;经认真推敲的 38.lighthearted and optimistic adj无忧无虑而且非常乐观

39.nevertheless

adj然而

40.private

adj私人的(private cars)41.personal

adj个人的(personal belongings)

42.unique

adj唯一的,独一无二的;独特的 43.favorable

adj赞同的,有利的44.precious adj 宝贵的,珍贵的previous 45.essential

adj必要的,重要的46.worthwhile

adj 值得的47.physical

adj体力的,物理的48.sudden

adj 突然的 49.merely

adv仅仅,只

only

50.rarely

adv 罕见的 51.splendidly

adj 极好地,灿烂地

wonderful

52.increasingly adv 越来越多地 53.naturally

adv自然地

54.accurate

adj精确的,准确的 55.ridiculous

adj可笑的,荒谬的 56.urgent

adj紧急的,急迫的 57.shallow

adj浅的,肤浅的 58.frequently

adv经常地,频繁地 59.especially

adv特别地,尤其地 particularly

60.obviously

adv显而易见 apparent 61.necessarily adv必要地,必须地,必然地

62.generally

adv一般地,通常地 63.eventually

adv最终,最后

65.acceptable

adj可以接受的 67.accessible

adj易接近的,易受影响的,可理解的69.approximately

adv大约

71.punctual

adj守时的 73.neatly

adv整洁地

75.highly

adv高度地,非常地

77.extremely adv极端地,非常

79.eagerly

adv热切地;渴望地

81.slightly

adv稍微,轻微地

83.lately

adv最近,近来

85.energetic

adj精力充沛的,有活力的87.impressive adj 影象深刻的 88.traditional adj 传统的90.similar

adj 类似的,相似的 92.sooner or later

迟早,早晚,94.once in a while

偶尔,时而不时

96.willingly

adv情愿地

unwillingly

adv 不情愿地

99.doubtful adj.可疑的;令人生疑的;疑心的;不能确定的 100.respectable adj 值得尊敬的respectful

64.adoptable

adv可采用的,可收养的 66.available(adj)可利用的,可使用的,可得到的 68.relatively

adv 相对地,比较地

70.absolutely

adv绝对正确,72.gentle

adj温柔的74.entirely

adv完全地

76.strongly

adv强烈地,坚固地

78.reasonably

adv合乎情理地

80.badly

adv很,非常

82.equally

adv平等地

84.enthusiastic adj热情的;热烈的;热心的86.talkative

adj 1.喜欢说话的 2.多嘴的 3.健谈的 89.practical

adj 1.实践的,实际的 91.convenient adj 方便的,便利的93.more or less 或多或少,差不多,几乎 95.now and then 偶尔,有时

97.unexpectedly adv 出乎意料地

98.unforgettable adj不易忘记的100.hardly / scarcely

adv几乎不

初中英语语法之形容词&副词 篇5

◆典型陷阱题分析◆

1. We don’t care if a hunting dog smells _____, but we really don’t want him to smell ____.

A. well, well B. bad, bad

C. well, badly D. badly, bad

【陷阱】容易误选B,认为两个smell 均为连系动词,后接形容词作表语。

【分析】这是1995年的一道上海高考题,最佳答案为D。句中的第一个 smell 为实义动词,意为“闻气味”、“嗅觉”,smell badly 意为“嗅觉差”;第二个 smell 为连系动词,意为“闻起来(有某种气味)”,smell bad 意为“闻起来气味难闻”。全句意为“我们并不介意一条猎狗的嗅觉不好,但我们的确不希望它的气味难闻”。

2. “_____ do you think of your English teacher?” “Oh, he is an _____ man.”

A. What, interesting B. What, interested

C. How, interesting D. How, interested

【陷阱】容易误选D,认为第一空应填 how,表示“如何”;第二空应填 interested,因为有的书上说 –ing 形容词主要说明事物,-ed 形容词主要说明人。

【分析】其实最佳答案应是A。英语中表示汉语的“你觉得……如何?”时,可用How do you like ...? 或 What do you think of ...? 注意两者搭配不同,即 like 与 how 搭配,think of 与 what 搭配。另一方面,有的书认为:-ing形容词说明事,-ed形容词说明人。此说法在很多情况下是可行的,但表述欠严谨。严谨的表述应该是:表示使(别)人感到如何, 用-ing形容词;表示人自己本身感到如何,用-ed形容词。比较:

All the children are interested. 所有的孩子都很感兴趣。

All the children are interesting. 所有的孩子都很有趣。

I read an interested expression on his face. 我看到他脸上露出一种感兴趣的表情。

I read an interesting expression on his face. 我看到他脸上露出一种有趣的表情。

再比较:

He is frightened. 他很害怕。

He is frightening. 他很吓人。

He has a frightened look on his face. 他脸上带有惊恐的神情。

He has a frightening look on his face. 他脸上带有吓人的神情。

3. The operation was successful, but I still felt _____.

A. very painful B. much painful

C. a lot of pain D. very paining

【陷阱】容易误选A,想当然地认为:pain 表示“痛”,其形容词painful自然表示表示“感到疼痛的”。

【分析】其实 painful 的意思并不是“感到疼痛的”,而是表示“使人感到疼痛的”、“使人感到痛苦的”,所以它通常用于说明事物,而不宜用于说明人。比较并体会:

他仍很痛苦。

正:He is still in pain.

误:He’s still painful.

你感到痛吗?

正:Do you feel any pain?

误:Are you painful?

见到你这样生活我很痛心。

正:I am pained to see you living this way.

误:I am painful to see you living this way.

听到他的死讯,我们都很痛苦。

误:We were all painful to hear of his death.

正:We were all pained to hear of his death.

他眼睛痛。

正:He has painful eyes.

误:He’s painful in the eyes.

4. “Our team is _____ to win the match.” “Really? But I don’t think so.”

A. easy B. difficult

C. possible D. sure

【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选,因为假若单纯从中文意思来看,四个答案均说得通。

【分析】正确答案为D,A、B、C三项填入空格处虽然从汉语来看说得通,但不合英语习惯。因为按英语习惯,easy 和difficult 后接不定式时,其主语(或逻辑主语)通常应是 it,而不能是具体的人或物,除非这个主语与其后不定式有动宾关系。如:

他回答案这个问题很容易。

误:He’s very easy to answer this quesiton.

正:It is very easy for her to answer this quesiton. (用形式主语 it 作主语)

正:The question is very easy for her to answer. (主语为具体的事物,但它与其后不定式有动宾关系,即 to answer this quesiton)

我们很难在半小时内完成这工作。

误:We are very difficult to finish the work in half an hour.

正:It is very difficult for us to finish the work in half an hour. (用形式主语 it 作主语)

对possible 来说,后接不定式时,其主语只能是 it,不能是具体的人或事物,即使该主语与其后的不定式有动宾关系也不可以。如:

我们可能会赢得这场比赛。

误:We are possible to win the match.

误:The match is possible for us to win.

正:It is possible that we will win the match.

正:It is possible for us to win the match.

5. I think he is _____ to tell us the secret, but I’m not sure.

A. possible B. likely

C. impossible D. certain

【陷阱】A、B、C三项均有可能被选择。

【分析】根据句意首先排除D;再根据上面一题的分析,排除A和C;也就是说,此题最佳答案为B。注意likely 的用法,它与possible所用句型不同,请看实例:

Are we likely to arrive in time? 我们会及时赶到吗?

It’s very likely that he will ring me tonight. 今晚他很可能会给我来电话。

They will very likely come by car. 他们很可能会坐汽车来。(该句中的likely为副词,而前两句中的likely为形容词)

6. Let’s make it at seven o’clock on Tuesday morning at my office if ________.

A. you’re convenient B. it is convenient for you

C. you feel convenient D. it is convenient with you

【陷阱】容易误选A或C,因为许多同学将汉语中的“如果你方便的话”直译为 if you are convenient 或 if you feel convenient。

【分析】最佳答案为B,因为英语中的 convenient不是表示“感到方便的”,而是表示“使人感到方便的”,所以 be convenient 的主语通常不能是“人”。要表示“如果你方便的话”,英语通常 if it is convenient for [to] you,其中的介词可用 for 或 to,但一般不用 with。顺便说一句,偶尔也可见到用人或物作 be convenient的主语,但此时的句子必须具备这样的特点:句子主语是其后不定式的逻辑宾语,如:

Mary is convenient to see on Sunday. / It is convenient to see Mary on Sunday. 星期天去见玛丽较为方便。

The furniture is convenient to move. / It is convenient to move the furniture. 这家具搬起来很方便。

7. We were two hours late that day, which was due to the ______.

A. crowded traffic B. crowded traffics

C. busy traffic D. busy traffics

【陷阱】容易误选A,因为许多同学将汉语中的“拥挤的交通”直译为 crowded traffic(s);由于 traffic 不可数,排除含 traffics 的选项,所以许多考生便选定答案A。

【分析】其实,此题的最佳答案是C,因为英语的 traffic习惯上不用 crowded 修饰,而用 busy 或 heavy 修饰,以说明“交通”的“拥挤”。类似这样的在修饰语方面需特别注意的还有:

(1) 汉语的“绿茶”说成英语是green tea,但相应的“红茶”却是black tea 而不是 red tea。

(2) 可说thick soup(浓汤),但不说thick coffee (tea);要表示“浓咖啡(茶)”,可用strong coffee (tea)。

(3) 可说thin soup(稀汤),但不说thin coffee (tea);要表示“淡咖啡(茶)”,可用weak coffee (tea)。

8. Mary is very clever and _____ worth teaching, but her brother is not. Look, he is now _____ asleep in class.

A. very, very B. much, very

C. well, very D. well, fast

【陷阱】容易误选A,因为许多学生往往将汉语中的“很”与英语中的 very 等同。

【分析】但是,许多汉语中的“很”是不能用英语中的 very 来直译的。如汉语“我很喜欢英语”,在英语中就不能说成 I very like English,而应说成 I like English very much,因为副词 very 在英语中习惯上不用来修饰动词。上面一题不能选A,是因为形容词 worth 和 asleep习惯上不能用副词 very 来修饰,而是分别用 well 和 fast修饰,即说成 be well worth doing sth(很值得做某事),be fast (或 sound) asleep(熟睡),所以此题的最佳答案应选D。

9. “Could I take your order now?” “Yes. One _____ tea and two _____ coffees.”

A. black, white B. red, white

C. black, green D. red, black

【陷阱】容易误选B或D。

【分析】按汉语习惯,在“茶”前要加表颜色的形容词通常应是“红”和“绿”,即说“红茶”和“绿茶”。但是在英语中,人们虽然可直接用 green tea来表示“绿茶”,但却不能直接用 red tea 来表示“红茶”,汉语中的“红茶”说成英语应是 black tea,所以第一空应填black,即选A或C。对于第二空,coffee 前通常使用的表颜色的形容词是 white 和 black,其中 white coffee 指“牛奶咖啡”(因牛奶呈白色),black coffee 指“没有加牛奶的咖啡”(即纯咖啡或清咖啡),由此可知上题的最佳答案应是A。

10. Entering the house we found him lying on the bed with his mouth _______ and eyes _______.

A. open, close B. opened, closed

C. opened, close D. open, closed

【陷阱】此题很容易误选A。

【分析】答案应选 D。open 和 close 均可用作动词,前者表示“开”,后者表示“关”,是一对反义词,如:

Please open your mouth and close your eyes. 请张开嘴,闭上眼。

但是 open 和 close 也可用作形容词,此时前者意为“开着的”,后者意为“接近的”、“亲近的”等,而并不表示“关着的”,要表示“关着的”,英语用 closed,即用作形容词时,open 与close 不是一对反义词,而与 closed 才是反义词。

11. A ______ road goes ______ from one place to another.

A. straight, straight B. straightly, straightly

C. straight, straightly D. straightly, straight

【陷阱】容易误选C。认为straightly 是straight 的副词形式。

【分析】在现代英语中,straight 既可用作形容词,也可用作副词。而straightly这个副词在现代英语中已被废弃,许多词典均不再收录此词。所以此题最佳答案应选A。

◆精编陷阱题训练◆

1. It was _____ opportunity to miss.

A. too good an B. a too good

C. too a good D. too good

2. I don’t like it at all. It can’t be _____.

A. better B. worse

C. best D. worst

3. There was nothing special about this film - it was only ______.

A. particular B. average

C. interesting D. strange

4. She looks very _____ but I can’t remember her name.

A. similar B. familiar

C. friendly D. strange

5. He said he would return the money, and I was ______.

A. fool enough to believe him

B. enough fool to believe him

C. fool enough believing him

D. enough fool believing him

6. “This book is ______ more useful for us students.” “Yes, but it is _______ too difficult.”

A. quite, quite B. much, rather

C. rather, quite D. quite, much

7. The children all looked _____ at the broken model plane and felt quite _____.

A. sad, sad B. sadly, sadly

C. sad, sadly D. sadly, sad

8. The child dreamed that he had once lived in a _______ house in the forest.

A. wooden pretty little B. little pretty wooden

C. pretty little wooden D. wooden little pretty

9. He wanted to read more, so he asked his friends if there was _______ to read.

A. something easy enough B. something enough easy

C. enough easy something D. easy enough something

10. The doctor assured the patient that there was ______ with her, but she could not help worrying.

A. seriously wrong nothing B. nothing serious wrong

C. nothing seriously wrong D. serious nothing wrong

11. -How is your father?

-He’s fine. He’s______ to play tennis every Sunday.

A. enough active still B. enough still active

C. still active enough D. still enough active

12. -Did you wash your new suit in hot water?

-Of course not. I am not ______ foolish.

A. very B. that

C. very much D. too

13.-Which team is _______ to win the game?

-I don’t know, but I’ve found _______ for ours to win.

A. probable; it unlikely B. likely; it possible

C. possible; it possible D. likely; it possibly

14. He didn’t understand the _______ question, so there was a ______ expression on his face.

A. puzzling; puzzled B. puzzling; puzzling

C. puzzled; puzzled D. puzzled; puzzling

15. She can speak _______ in front of Mack, but she can’t eat ______ in his restaurant.

A. free, free B. free, freely

C. freely, free D. freely, freely

16. It was raining heavily. Little Mary felt cold, so she stood ____ to her mother.

A. close B. closely

C. closed D. closing

17. Fred is second to none in maths in our class, but believe it or not, he _______ passed the last exam.

A. easily B. hardly

C. actually D. successfully

◆答案与解析◆

1. 选A,too … to … 结构除用于“too + 形容词或副词 + to do sth”外,也可用于“too + 形容词 + a / an + 单数可数名词 + to do sth”。

2. 选B,it can’t be worse 相当于 It’s the worst thing I ever knew。

3. 选B,average 意为“平常的”、“普通的”。

4. 选B,similar 指“相似”,familiar 指“熟悉”。

5. 选A,此处的 fool 虽为名词,但具有形容词的性质,相当于 foolish。

6. 选B。虽然 quite, rather, much 均可用于加强语气,但是修饰比较级或副词 too(太)时,只能用 rather 或 much,而不用 quite。

7. 选D。第一个 look是实义动词(注意与之搭配的介词 at),第二个look 是连系动词。

8. 选 C。多个形容词共同修饰一个名词时,它们的位置遵循这样的原则:描绘形容词-大小(长短高低)形容词-形状形容词-年龄(新旧)形容词-颜色形容词-国籍形容词-材料形容词-用途(类别)形容词-名词(动名词)。

9. 选A。做对此题要注意两点:一是修饰something, anything, nothing 等复合不定代词的形容词,应置于被修饰语之后;二是副词enough 修饰形容词或副词时也应置于被修饰语之后。

10. 选C。wrong 修饰nothing,seriously 修饰wrong。

11. 选C。still 修饰 active,置于其前;而副词enough 修饰形容词或副词时应置于被修饰语之后。

12. 选B。that 在此用作副词,不是代词,用法相当于so。其余三者填入空格处语意不通。

13. 选B。理由见“典型陷阱题分析”第5题。

14. 选A。理由见“典型陷阱题分析”第2题。

15. 选C。第一空填 freely,意为“自由地”;第二空填free,意为“免费地”。

16. 选 A。close 与 closely 的区别是:指实际距离近,用 close;指抽象意义,用 closely。

17. 选 B。首先应弄清 second to none 的意思,照字面理解是“对谁都不是第二”,言外之意就是“第一”,或者说是“最好”。再联系句中的 but 可知,选项 B 最恰当。

英语语法形容词顺序讲解 篇6

有时候我们用一个以上形容词来修饰名词:

He was a nice intelligent young man.

She had a small round black wooden box.

Opinion adjectives:

Some adjectives give a general opinion. We can use these adjectives to describe almost any noun:

有些形容词给了一个大体的描述。我们可以用这些形容词来描述几乎所有名词:

Some adjectives give a specific opinion. We only use these adjectives to describe particularkinds of noun:

有些形容词给了一个特殊的含义。我们只用这些形容词来描述特定的名词:

Food: tasty; delicious

Furniture, buildings: comfortable; uncomfortable

People, animals: clever; intelligent; friendly

We usually put a general opinion in front of a specific opinion:

我们经常在特殊概念前用一个普遍的概念:

Nice tasty soup.

A nasty uncomfortable armchair

A lovely intelligent animal

Usually we put an adjective that gives an opinion in front of an adjective that is descriptive:

通常我们放一个描述性形容词在某个被描述的形容词前面

a nice red dress; a silly old man; those horrible yellow curtains

We often have two adjectives in front of a noun:

我们经常将两个形容词放在一个名词前面:

a handsome young man; a big black car; that horrible big dog

Sometimes we have three adjectives, but this is unusual:

有时候会用到三个形容词,但这是不太寻常的:

a nice handsome young man;

a big black American car;

that horrible big fierce dog

It is very unusual to have more than three adjectives.

Adjectives usually come in this order:

形容词通常以这种顺序排列:

We use some adjectives only after a link verb:

有些形容词只用在系动词后面:

Some of the commonest -ed adjectives are normally used only after a link verb:

一些最普通的以-ed结尾的形容词通常只用在系动词后面:

annoyed; finished; bored; pleased; thrilled

We say:

我们说:

Our teacher was ill.

My uncle was very glad when he heard the news.

The policeman seemed to be very annoyed

but we do not say:

但我们不说:

We had an ill teacher.

When he heard the news he was a very glad uncle

He seemed to be a very annoyed policeman

A few adjectives are used only in front of a noun:

有些形容词只用在名词前面:

We say:

He lives in the eastern district.

There were countless problems with the new machinery.

but we do not say:

The district he lives in is eastern

初中英语语法之形容词&副词 篇7

1)定语:

what a fine day!  多好的天气!

he is a self-made man.  他是个自学成材的人。

2)表语:

the scene was horrifying.  这景象很恐怖。

i am getting bored and homesick.  我感到有些厌烦想家。

his comments were well-meant.  他说这些都是出于好心。

3)宾语的补语(构成合成宾语):

i find this hot weather very trying. 我感到这种炎热天气很难受。

do you think it necessary?  你认为这有必要吗?

4)状语:

she was back, eager to see her friends.  她回来了,极想见她的朋友们。

she gave him the overcoat, anxious to be of service.  她把大衣拿给他,极愿为他服务。

he arrived home, hungry and tired.  他又饿又累的回到家里。

2. 形容词在句中的位置

有的形容词放在被修饰的名词之前,称为前置形容词;少数形容词放在被修饰的名词之后,称为后置形容词。

1)当名词被多个前置形容词修饰时,形容词之间有一个先后顺序问题。一般规则为:

(限定词)→一般描绘性形容词→表示大小、长短、高低的形容词→表示年龄、新旧的形容词→表示国籍、地区、出处的形容词→表示物质、材料的形容词→(名词)。 用一句话来说就是“美小圆旧黄,法国木书屋”。如:

there is a famous fine old stone bridge near the village.

村子附近有一座著名的漂亮的古代石桥。

i bought a cheap blue plastic pencil box yesterday.

昨天我买了一个便宜的蓝色塑料铅笔盒

they have got such a round brown wooden table.

他们有一张褐色的木制圆桌。

2)当形容词词组相当于一个定语从句时,或形容词用来修饰somebody, something, anything, nothing 等的时候,便会出现后置形容词。如:

the boy (who is) interested in music is my brother.

对音乐赶兴趣的那个男孩是我弟弟。

guilin is a city (which is) famous for its scenery.

桂林是一个以风景闻名的城市。

do you have anything interesting to tell us?

你有什么趣闻告诉我们吗?

there is nothing wrong with the machine.

形容词副词练习题 篇8

A. easily B. very easy C. more easily D. easier

2. My parents have always made me ________ about myself, even when I was twelve.

A. feeling well B. feeling good C. feel well D. feel good

3. He began to take political science ________ only when he left school.

A. strictly B. truly C. carefully D. seriously

4. The final score of the basketball match was 93-94. We were only ________ beaten.

A. nearly B. slightly C. narrowly D. lightly

5. The new group of students is better-behaved than the other group who stayed here ________.

A. early B. earlier C. earliest D. the earliest

6. —Do you need any help, Lucy?

—Yes, The job is ________ I could do myself.

A. less than B. more than C. no more than D. not more than

7. There is an old proverb, ―Love me, love my dog. ‖ But there is ________ wisdom in this: ―Love me, love my book.‖

A. some B. much C. more D. most

8. With April 18’s railway speedup, highway and air transport will have to compete with ________ service for passengers.

A. good B. better C. best D. the best

9. The melon the Smiths served at dinner would have tasted ________ if it had been put in the fridge for a little while.

A. good B. better C. best D. well

10. After two years’ research, we now have a ________ better understanding of the disease.

A. very B. far C. fairly D. quite

11. Speaking of all the songs he has written, I think this is probably his ________ one.

A. better-known B. well-known C. best-known D. most-known

12. Of the two coats, I’d choose the ________ one to spare some money for a book.

A. cheapest B. cheaper C. more expensive D. most expensive

13. —I wonder why Mary is so unfriendly to us.

—She is ________ than unfriendly, I’m afraid.

A. shyer B. much shyer C. shy more D. more shy

14. —I didn’t do well in this English examination. How about you?

—I did ________ you.

A. not better than B. no worse than C. as well as D. no better than

15. —Now that you like the house with a garden, why not buy it?

—Well, I can’t afford ________ house at present.

A. that expensive a B. a such expensive C. that an expensive D. a so expensive

16. —Do you regret paying ten dollars for that book?

—No, I would gladly have paid ________.

A. as twice many B. twice as many C. twice as much D. as twice much

17. —I’m leaving on April 30.

—So why not come to spend ________ days with me?

A. all these last few B. these all last few C. these last all few D. all last these few

18. —Be careful not to drop the Ming Dynasty vase.

—Yes, we can’t be ________.

A. too careful B. very careful C. too careless D. careless enough

19. He’s not got another job yet and it’s not ________ he will for some time.

A. likely B. easily C. nearly D. lonely

20. We do meet now and then, but not ________.

A. freely B. commonly C. regularly D. presently

21. You don’t have to be angry with him. He ________ wanted to know the truth.

A. almost B. mostly C. merely D. hardly

22. —Are you pleased with what he has done?

—It couldn’t be____. Why didn’t he put more effort into his work?

A. any worse B. much better C. so bad D. the best

23. He moved away from his parents and missed them ________enjoy the exciting life in China.

A. too much to B. very much to C. enough to D. much so as to

24. —Is your headache getting ________?

—No, it’s worse.

A. better B. bad C. less D. well

25. Bob ran the 100 meters in 9.91 seconds, and I have not seen ________ this year.

A. the best B. better C. the most D. more

【答案与解析】

1. C。根据题意可知,说话者是将when people do it together和when people don’t do it together这两种情况比较,故选比较级。注意不要选D,因为在此题是要用副词修饰动词,不能用形容词。另外,根据句末的higher too也可知道此题是考查比较级。

2. D。首先,根据连系动词后要接形容词作表语这一特点,可排除A和C。另外,使役动词make后可接动词原形(不带to的不定式)或过去分词作宾语补足语,但不能接现在分词,故可排除选项B。

3. D。take sth seriously的意思是“认真对待某事”“认真考虑某事”。

4. C。副词narrowly在此表示“勉强地”,又如:He narrowly escaped being run over. 他差点儿被车压死。 The proposal to change the rules was narrowly defeated by 201 votes to 196. 建议改变规则的提议以196票对201票的微弱差额被否决了。本题句意:篮球赛的最后比分是93比94。我们以微弱的劣势输掉了比赛。

5. B。因题目把这组新学生与前面一组学生进行比较,故用比较级。

6. B。注意句中的Yes,由于答话者对问话者的“你需要帮助吗?”作了肯定回答,说明答话者独自完成工作有困难,故填more than。

7. C。由于是将“Love me, love my dog”与“Love me, love my book”进行比较,故用比较级。此题的`巧妙之处在于句中没有出现than,而是给出两个待比较的proverb。

8. B。句子大意为:由于铁路提速了,所以高速公路和航空业要提高服务质量来竞争客源。因将“高速公路和航空”与“铁路”比较,故用比较级。

9. B。题目中将“放入冰箱中冷冻”与“不放入冰箱中冷冻”作比较,故用比较级。句意为:史密斯家人晚餐时上的甜瓜若能放入冰箱中冷冻一下味道会更好些。

10. B。这四个副词中,通常只有far可用于修饰比较。注:quite有时也可用于修饰比较better,但它只用于表示“身体康复”,不用于其他意义。

11. C。因为是从他所写的所有歌中选出一首来比较,故用最高级。

12. B。因是两者比较,故用比较级,可将答案锁定在B和C之间;再根据句意,排除C。

13. D。此题考查more?than?的用法,其意为“与其说??不如说??”。

14. D。句中的no better than相当于as badly as,其意为“一样不好”。

15. A。that在用作副词,用法相当于so,意为“如此,这么”。

16. C。在as?as?结构中,表示倍数的词或程度副词都放在第一个as之前。

17. A。语序:不定代词 + 指示代词 + 序数词 + 基数词。

18. A。此题考查can’t be too + adj,其意为“无论??也不为过”。

19. A。因为likely是形容词,意为“可能的”,在句中作表语。easily和nearly是副词;虽然lonely(寂寞的)

是形容词,但其意义与句意不通。

20. C。因为只有regularly(经常地)才与now and then(偶尔)相对。

21. C。merely在此表示“只是”,其他选项意义不通。

22. A。因为It couldn’t be any worse. 意为“(他的工作做得)非常差”,与后文内容相符。

23. A。因为too?to do sth. (太?以至于不能做?) 是固定搭配。

24. A。由答语No, it’s worse.可知问句中用better。

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