高中语法形容词和副词

高中语法形容词和副词（精选6篇）

高中语法形容词和副词 篇1

（一）形容词和副词概述

形容词是指那些用来描述或修饰名词(或代词)的一类词。一般放在其所修饰的名词之前。在句中用作定语、表语、补语、状语等。多数形容词具有比较等级。副词是用以修饰动词、形容词、句子以及其他副词的词。在形式上，许多副词带有后缀ly。形容词、副词是中学英语重要语法项目，也是中考重要考查内容。考查重点是：

（1）考查形容词与副词区别。形容词与副词均属修饰性词类，但因被修饰内容有所不同而具备不同的用法，中考非常注重对此进行考查，在单项选择题中出现了大量此类试题。

（2）考查“级”的范围。两个事物进行比较应使用比较级，三个或三个以上事物进行比较应使用最高级。

（3）考查比较级、最高级的注意点：①同类事物进行比较。②将主语排除在被比较的范围之外的比较，因为主语只能和他人或他物相比，而不能和自己相比。③使用最高级时应将主语包含在最高级的范围之内，否则离开这个范围，主语便不能成为这个范围中的最高级。

（4）考查比较级的重要句型。比较级有许多热点句型：from bad to worse/worse and worse(每况愈下)；more and more(越来越多的，越来越……)；the+比较级，the+比较级(越……越……)。

（5）考查as．．．as同级比较句型。

（6）考查比较级的程度修饰语。比较级的程度修饰语有：much，a 1ot，even，still，a bit，a little等。

（7）考查易混形容词与副词的区别

（二）基础知识梳理

1．形容词的用法和位置

1）形容词作表语，表明主语的性质和特征，放在连系动词之后。如：

Computers are very useful in our everyday life．

Leaves turn yellow in autumn．

2）形容词作定语，修饰名词或不定代词，通常放在名词之前，不定代词之后。如：

This is an unhealthy diet．

There is nothing important in today’s newspaper．

3)形容词作宾语补足语，放在宾语之后，与其构成复合宾语。如：

You should keep your classroom clean and tidy．

I found it difficult to get on well with the manager．

2．副词的用法和位置

1）副词修饰动词、形容词或其他副词，表示动作、状态的.特征或某种性质的程度。根据其用途与含义，副词可分为下列六大类：

（1）时间副词。常用的有：ago，before，now，then，soon，already，yet等。

（2）地点副词。常用的有：here，there，up，down，above，below，inside，outside等。

（3）疑问副词。常见的有：where，when，why，how等。

（4）程度副词。常见的有：very，much，so，too，quite，enough等。

（5）方式副词。多由“形容词+ly”后缀构成。如：carefully，quickly，easily，quietly等。

（6）频度副词。常用的有：always，often，sometimes，usually，hardly，never等。

2）副词在句中主要用作状语。也可充当定语、表语等。如：

It’s snowing heavily outside．（状语，修饰动词）

I have never heard such a beautiful voice．（状语，修饰动词）

unluckily, he failed in this physics exam again．（状语，修饰整个句子）

He was too excited to say a word．（状语，修饰形容词）

Class is over．（表语）

The weather here is different from that of Singapore．(定语)

3）程度副词通常位于被修饰的形容词副词之前，但enough则要放在后面。如：

It was much more freezing today than yesterday．

He ran so fast that I couldn’t catch up with him．

We got up early enough to catch the first bus．

4）频度副词通常位于行为动词之前，be动词、助动词和情态动词之后，但一般不放在句末。如：

I have never been late for class．

You must always work like that．

高中语法形容词和副词 篇2

一、形容词和副词的基本用法

1. 形容词在句中一般作定语、表语、补语。 形容词用逗号与句子隔开,在句中作状语。

【考例1】As ______ (nature) architects, the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly ...(2015年全国卷II)

解析:natural。形容词作定语修饰名词architects。

【考例2】Hans Zhang was(自豪的) of himself for not giving up.(2015年陕西卷)

解析:proud。be proud of“对……引以为豪”。形容词proud作was的表语。

【考例3】(shock), I took it from her automatically. She smiled and walked away.(2015年上海卷)

解析:Shocked。过去分词shocked用作形容词,在句中作状语。

2. 副词在句中主要作状语,修饰谓语动词或系表结构。

【考例1】Abercrombie & Kent, a travel company in Hong Kong, says it (regular) arranges quick getaways here for people ...(2015年全国卷I)

解析:regularly。修饰动词arranges应用副词regularly。

【考例2】改错:How nice to see you again! Dad and I were terrible worried.(2015年全国II卷)

解析:terrible改为terribly。应用副词terribly修饰系表结构were worried。

【考例3】(lucky), he also had a cow which produced milk every day.(2015年广东卷)

解析:Luckily。luckily为副词,意为“幸运的是”。luckily在句中作状语,放在句首修饰整个句子。

【考例4】Walls made of adobe take in the heat from the sun on hot days and give out that heat( slow) during cool nights, thus warming the house.(2015年全国II卷)

解析:slowly。用slow的副词形式slowly修饰动词短语give out。

二、形容词和副词的比较等级

1.平级比较

常用as...as, not as / so...as,as +形容词+ as 。注意区分下列固定结构: as long as “与…… 一样长”; as far as “与……一样远,就……而言”; as well as “与……一样好,既……又……”。

【考例】完成句子

没有哪项技术的发展像电子技术这样,对我们的社会、经济以及文化等诸多方面产生过如此重要的影响。

No other technological development has had ____as the growth of electronics on so many aspects of social, economic, and cultural development. (impact) ( 2014年湖北卷)

解析:as great an impact / such a great impact。本题考查as...as结构引导的同级比较。注意as...as结构中间的名词应该置于形容词之后。

2. 比较级

【考例1】While finding information is easier than ever, at the same time, researching has become____complex.(2015年湖南卷)

解析:more。根据上文中的“Research has become both simpler and more complex.”可知, 本空填more。

【考例2】The result is what amounts to a huge outdoor vending machine. Yet I think the term “automatic shop” is far(appropriate).(2014年上海卷)

解析:more appropriate。自动售货机英语为huge outdoor vending machine,但是作者认为用术语“automatic shop”相比之下应是“较合适”,即用比较级形式。由于appropriate为多音节形容词,故前面加more。

【注1】用“the+比较级,the+比较级”表示 “越……,越……”。

【考例】The____(hard) you try to beat him, the more likely you will get hit. He controls you! (2014年辽宁卷)

解析:harder。本题考查“the + 比较级, the+比较级”结构。

【注2】“否定词+比较级”表达最高级。

【考例】翻译:没有什么比获准参加太空旅行项目更令人兴奋的了。(than)(2014年上海卷)

_______________________________________ _______________________________________

解析:There is nothing more exciting than being allowed to take part in the space travel program.

3. 最高级

【考例1】It was (nice) gift I'd ever received, and it was from a complete stranger.(2015年上海卷)

解析:the nicest。形容词最高级修饰的名词,其后常接含有完成时的定语从句。

【考例2】改错:My mum makes the better biscuits in the world...(2015年陕西卷)

解析:better改成best。名词biscuits后用in the world修饰,其前需要用最高级best修饰, 故把better改成best。

【考例3】完成句子

这部小说曾经是美国高中阅读最广泛的书。

This novel was once the____book in high schools in the United States. (read)(2014年湖北卷)

解析:most widely read。“阅读最广泛的书”,可译为the most widely read book。

三、倍数表达法

1. 倍数+as +形容词/ 副词的原级+as...

2. 倍数+形容词 / 副词的比较级+ than...

3. 倍数+ the +名词(如size, height, weight,length, width等)+of...

4. 倍数+as+ 形容词+ a / an+ 名词+as...

5. 倍数 +as many ( 或much ) +名词+ as...

6. 倍数 + what从句 / that of...

【考例1】It ’s said that the power plant is now____large as what it was.(2013年安徽卷)

A. twice asB. as twice

C. twice muchD. much twice

解析:A。根据空格后面的as判断,形容词large前面必须加as,倍数twice放在第一个as的前面。

【考例2】There are a small number of people involved, possibly____twenty.(2013年江西卷)

A. as few asB. as little as

C. as many as D. as much as

解析:A。题中people是可数名词,常用few或many修饰。

四、形容词和副词的顺序

1. 多个形容词修饰名词的排列顺序是考试常考的内容,大家应该记住下列口诀:限定描绘大长高,形状年龄和新老,颜色国籍出材料,作用类别往后靠。

【考例】It's a___clock, made of brass and dating from the nineteenth century.(2013年上海卷)

A. charming French small

B. French small charming

C. small French charming

D. charming small French

解析:D。选项中的charming属于描绘性的,small是大小,French是国籍。

2. 副词修饰形容词的特殊词序:so / as /how / that / too+形容词+a(an)+单数可数名词。

【考例】I make $2,000 a week, 60 surely won't make___difference to me.

A. that a bigB. a that big

C. big a that D. that big a

解析:D。副词that表示“那么……”修饰形容词big,相当于so及how的用法,即that(so /how) big a difference。

五、连接副词

副词起连接作用,使前后句构成某种逻辑上的衔接。常见的连接副词有therefore, besides, otherwise, however, moreover, thus, meanwhile等。

【考例1 】 Many of us were raised with the saying “ Waste not, want not. ” None of us,_____ , can completely avoid waste in our lives. ( 2014年福建卷)

解析:however。根据句意可知上下文之间是转折关系,所以使用副词however表示转折, 前后都需要使用逗号隔开。

【考例2】It's our hope that we will play a greater role in the market place and,____,supply more jobs.(2014年安徽卷)

A. howeverB. anywhere

C. therefore D. otherwise

解析:C。本题中“we will play a greater role in the market place”与“supply more jobs”之间是因果关系,故选C。

六、表语形容词

active, afraid, alone, alive, alike, asleep,ashamed, awake, afloat, available, well, sorry, unable, worth, sure等表语形容词并非只能作表语,也可作补足语或后置定语。possible, impossible, probable, necessary, convenient, inconvenient等作表语时,常用it作主语,而不用“人” 作主语。likely既可用it作主语,也可用“人”作主语。

【考例1】—Can you lend me the book Gone with the Wind?

—Sorry. I returned it to the library just now.Maybe it is still___.

A. availableB. affordable

C. acceptable D. valuable

解析:A。根据下半句中的still可知用avail-able,而affordable“支付的起的”;acceptable“可接受的”;valuable“贵重的”均不符合题意。

【考例2】Would it befor you to pick me up at four o'clock and take me to the airport?

A. freeB. vacant

C. handyD. convenient

解析:D。it是形式主语,真正的主语是后面的不定式。根据句意可知选convenient意为 “方便的”。

七、形容词、副词词义辨析

1. 掌握形容词、副词的基本意义或固定搭配。

【考例1 】 Listening is thus an active, not a____ , behavior consisting of hearing, understanding and remembering. ( 2015年浙江卷)

A. considerate B. sensitive

C. reliable D. passive

解析:D。considerate“考虑周全的”;sensitive“敏感的”;reliable“可靠的”;passive“被动的”。根据not可知前后是反义表达,所以选D。

【考例2】The police officers decided to conduct a thorough and_____review of the case.(2015年江苏卷)

A. comprehensiveB. complicated

C. consciousD. crucial

解析:A。comprehensive“综合的,全面的, 有理解力的”;complicated“复杂的”;conscious “有意识的”;crucial“至关重要的”。根据题意可知选A。

【考例3 】 The girl used to be shy, but is ____getting active in group work and is more willing to express herself. ( 2015年湖北卷)

A. graduallyB. usually

C. previously D. merely

解析:A。gradually“逐渐地”;usually“通常,经常”;previously“以前”;merely“仅仅”。根据题意可知选A。

【考例4】They gave money to the old people's home eitheror through their companies.(2015年安徽卷)

A. legallyB. sincerely

C. personallyD. deliberately

解析:C。legally“合法地”;sincerely“真诚地”;personally“个人而言”;deliberately“故意地”。根据题意可知选C。

2. 掌握一些特殊的形容词、副词用法。如修饰population用large / small,修饰price用high / low,下大雨用It rained heavily或a heavy rain;连词though, since, in case也可用作副词。

【考例1】The school was moved out of down-town as the number of students had grown too___.

A. small B. few

C. 1arge D. many

解析:C。the number of“……的数量”,其后的形容词应为“大小”(large/small),不用“多少”(many / few)。

【考例2】Playing on a frozen sports field sounds like a lot of fun. Isn't it rather risky,_______ ?

A. thoughB. alsoC. eitherD. too

解析: A 。前后两句之间是转折关系。

八、强化训练

(一)改错。找出下列句子中的错误并改正。

1. Global warming has already become a very seriously problem.

2. He liked it so very much that he quickly walked into the shop.

3. I thought the biscuits were really well.

4. On the left-hand side of the class, I could easy see the football field.

5. So really friendship should be able to stand all sorts of tests.

6. Nearly five years before, and with the help of our father, my sister and I planted some cherry tomatoes(圣女果)in our back garden.

7. As a result, the plants are growing somewhere.

8. The fruits are small in size, but juicy and taste.

9. We are growing wonderfully tomatoes at no cost!

10. Don't panic or get out of line, and try to remain quiet and calmly.

11. The teachers here are kind and helpfully.They are not only our teachers but also our friends.

12. Just then a bird was flying over us. My uncles immediate jumped up and shot their arrows at the bird.

13. That is too much for us, considering how closely the houses are.

14. No one in the carriage had previous spoken to or even noticed the ticket-owner before.

15. I was taking a train to London's Victoria Station. I noticed that the carriage was noise and filled with people.

(二)完成句子。在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或用括号内单词的正确形式填空。

1. Hardly had Sabrina finished her words when Albert said____(sharp),“Don't be so mean,”pointing a finger of warning at her.

2. After knocking___(polite) at the door, the applicant entered the office of the general manager.

3. It's much more____(benefit) to say something like,“I think we had...”

4. Team members want and think____(high) of these qualities in a group leader.

5. It's lightweight, it's flexible, and —_______ important — it holds its shape.

6. Although it costs more to produce_______a typical soccer ball, Jahnigen estimates the One World Football can last 30 years. So far, it’s been given to kids in 143 countries.

7.“That would be a very____(reason)thing to do in a big city, but it could destroy a small village like outs,”Nick said.

8.“But such a small thing couldn't _______(possible) destroy a village.”

9. I like it. Nothing could be _______(sweet).

10. A note is often a___way to“talk” with a child than using the telephone.

11. Finally, that hard work paid off and now the water in the river is____(clean) than ever.

12. I cannot control my body well. My legs become___(pain)

13. It was____(bravery)of Mary to quit her job and start her own business.

14. Raymond’s parents wanted him to have____(good)possible education.

15. What was so____(impression) about Jasmine Westland’s victory was that she came first in the marathon bare-footed.

(三)短文填空。阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容( 1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

A

Habits, whether good or bad, are gradually formed. When a person does1certain thing again, he is driven by an unseen force to do the same thing2(repeat); then a habit is formed. Once a habit is formed , it is difficult, and sometimes3(possible) to get rid of. It is therefore very4( importance ) that we should pay great attention to the formation of the habits.

Children5form bad habits, some of which remain with them6long as they live. Laziness, lying, stealing and so on are all easily formed bad habits. However, there are many7habits formed in early life that are of great help. Many8( success ) men say much of their success has something to do with certain9( habit ) in early life like early rising and honesty. We should keep10from all the bad habits and try to form such good habits as will be good for ourselves and others.

B

This morning, my neighbor called me and asked me1(anxious), “ Are your dogs missing? ”

I was filled with2( nervous ) and immediately made a phone call to my wife, and then I replied with relief, “ No. They3(stay) at home. ” My neighbor is a sweet, kind and generous girl with4old -fashioned heart and spirit. She bakes cookies and shares them with neighbors. Today she found two small dogs walking down the street, so she brought them home.

I then suggested places5she could report the missing dogs. “ Most people wouldn't do anything about them, ” I said, “ Many cars and people passed by them this morning, ignoring them. You did the6( rightly ) thing. ” I went outside to look for someone who might

I went outside to look for someone who might be walking7the street, and I expected to hear the distant cry of someone calling the dogs' names.8no one did this.

If I were lost, I would hope someone would come looking for me. If I were crying alone, I9hope that someone would stop and wipe away my tears. Why10give a little love to dogs and other creatures?

参考答案与解析:

(一)改错

1. seriously改成serious 。 a very serious problem “一个很严重的问题”,修饰名词应用形容词serious 。

2. 去掉very 。他如此喜欢它以致于他快速地走进商 店 。 so...that... “ 如此……以致于……”。

3.well改成good。作表语用形容词,故well改成good 。

4. easy改成easily。修饰动词see ,应用副词easily。

5. really改成real。用形容词作前置定语, 修饰名词friendship 。

6. before改成ago 。 ago表示“从现在起的若干时间以前”意为“距今……以前”,需和过去时或过去进行时连用; before泛指“从过去起的若干时间以前”,意思是“距过去某时……以前”,常和完成时连用,这里谓语动词planted用的是过去式,故用ago 。

7. somewhere改成everywhere 。根据句意可知把somewhere (某地)改成everywhere (到处)。

8. taste改成tasty 。放在are后面,应该用形容词。 and是并列连词,连接前后两个形容词。

9. wonderfully改成wonderful 。 tomatoes是名词,应该用形容词修饰,副词常常修饰动词。

10. calmly改成calm 。 remain为系动词, 后接形容词作表语。

11. helpfully改成helpful 。考查形容词与副词。 and并列的是两个形容词作are的表语。

12. immediate改成immediately 。修饰动词jumped ,应用副词immediately 。

13. closely改成close。本句“ how close the houses are ”中的close本应该是在系动词are的后面,构成系表结构are close 。 closely是一个副词,副词通常不能和系动词连用构成系表结构。

14.previous改成previously 。本句中应该使用副词previously作状语,修饰谓语动词。形容词previous通常作为定语或者表语,不能作状语。

15. noise改成noisy 。本句中应该使用形容词noisy和系动词was构成系表结构,修饰车里当时的情况。同时noisy与后面的形容词短语filled with构成并列关系。

(二)完成句子

1. sharply 。根据句子结构可知应用sharp的副词形式sharply意为“严厉地,毫不客气地”。

2. politely。副词politely “礼貌地”,修饰动词knock 。

3. beneficial。根据句意和句子结构可知,本空应填benefit的形容词形式beneficial 。

4. highly。 think highly of意为“高度赞扬”。

5. most。 most important意为“ 最为重要 的”。

6. than。前面有more ,故填than 。

7. reasonable。应用形容词修饰名词thing 。

8. possibly。应用副词 修饰谓语 动词destroy 。

9. sweeter。否定词nothing后加比较 级sweeter表达肯定的最高级。

10. better。根据后面的than可知,空格处应填比较级。根据空格前冠词a判断,应填以辅音开头的形容词。根据句子的前后意思及逻辑关系,填good的比较级符合题意。

11. cleaner 。根据后面的比较连词than可知,这里应该用比较级,故填cleaner 。

12.painful 。此处为形容词作表语构成系表结构。

13. brave 。用形容词原形作表语。“ It is + 形容词 +of sb to do sth ”为固定句型。

14. the best。形容词最高级前加the是解题关键。

15. impressive。 impressive是形容词,意为 “印象深刻的”。

(三)短文填空

A

1. a。 a certain表示“某一”,后接可数名词单数。

2. repeatedly。副词repeatedly修饰谓语动词do 。

3. impossible。根据句意可知与difficult并列,只能用impossible。

4. important。作系动词is的表语,应用形容词important。

5. often 。孩子们经常养成坏习惯。

6. as。 as long as意为“同……一样长”。

7. other。有许多在人生早期形成的其他习惯。

8. successful。作名词men的定语,应用形容词successful修饰。

9. habits。形容词certain表示“某些”,其后接复数名词。

10. away。 keep away from意为“摆脱”。

B

1. anxiously 。根据下面 提到的“ Are your dogs missing? ”可知“焦急地”问我。

2. nervousness 。介词with后接名词,故填名词nervousnes s意为“紧张不安”。

3. are staying 。根据语境可知现在正在家里,故用现在进行时。

4. an 。根据句意及old fashioned heart可知填an 。

5. where 。分析句子结构可知,这里是定语从句,且从句中缺少状语,故填where 。

6. right。形容词right“正确的”,作定语,修饰名词thing 。

7. down / along 。 walk down / along the street意为“沿着大街走”。

8. But。根据前后句意可知,前后意思表达相反,应用转折词But 。

9. would 。如果我正在单独的哭泣,我会希望有人停下来,给我擦干眼泪。

形容词和副词比较等级的判断方法 篇3

一、在as, so, too, very, quite等词后，只用原级。例如：

Lucy is as tall as Lily.

Thank you for teaching us so well.

It’s too late.

Tom did very well in the long jump.

She looks quite young.

二、前面有much, even, a little, far, any等词语，特别是后面有than时；并列连词and前后（除nice＋and＋形容词外）；the..., the...结构中；以及who, which等引导的特殊疑问句且后面有or连接两个并列成分时，形容词、副词都要使用比较级。例如：

He is much taller than Tom.

The harder you work, the better you will learn.

He ran faster and faster.

Why don’t you come a little earlier?

Which do you like better, milk or apple juice?

三、在in, of引导的表示“三者或三者以上的……”表比较范围的句子中；who, which等引导的特殊疑问句且后面有or连接的三个或三个以上的并列成分时；“one of＋the＋形容词＋可数名词复数”结构中，常用最高级。注意：形容词最高级前一般要用定冠词，副词最高级前的冠词可省掉。例如：

Wang Hai is the tallest in our class.

Of all the girls, Lucy ran fastest.

Who is the best in English, Li Ming, Zheng Wenyan or He Rui?

English is one of the world’s most important languages.

[提示板] 我们可以用原级、比较级、最高级三种方式分别来表示最高级。例如：

她是她们班上最好的学生。

原级：No other student in her class is as good as she.

比较级：She is better than any other student in her class.

或No other student in her class is better than she.

最高级：She is the best student in her class.

[考题例析] 均选自近年各省市中考试题：

1. This film is interesting than that one.

A. moreB. much C. veryD. the most

[分析] 在英语中，两者进行比较，强调“一方比另一方……”，可使用“形容词／副词的比较级＋than” 结构；三者或三者以上进行比较时，应使用最高级。根据题意，本题应选用比较级，故A 项是正确答案。

2. — Your English is very good.

— But my brother learns it much _____ than I do.

A. good B. wellC. better D. best

[分析] 在英语中，a little, a lot, much, even等词可以用来修饰形容词或副词的比较级，故本题的正确答案是C项。

3. Don’t worry. Your granny will get __________ .

A. well and well B. better and betterC. well and better D. good and well

[分析] 表示“越来越……” 可以采用“ 比较级＋比较级”或“more and more＋原级”的结构，如果是单音节的形容词或副词， 则用前一结构；如果是多音节词，则可以用后一种结构，故本题的正确答案是B。

4. China is one of __________ in the world.

A. the oldest countryB. the oldest countries

C. much older countryD. much older countries

[分析] 在英语中，要表示 “其中最……的之一”，应使用“one of＋形容词的最高级形式＋名词的复数形式 ”。根据题意，本题应选B项。

[真题演练] 请做下面的中考试题：

1. — Which is__________ season in Beijing? （2005年北京市）

— I think it’s autumn.

A. goodB. better C. bestD. the best

2. The second-hand camera is much _____ than that new one.

（2005年北京市）

A. cheapB. cheaperC. dear D. dearest

3. An elephant is _____ than a tiger.（2003年长沙市）

A. heavyB. very heavyC. the heaviestD. heavier

4. “Which animal do you like _____?” “I like all kinds of animals.”

（2006年甘肃省）

A. betterB. bestC. veryD. well

5. — The TV programme is boring. Shall we play chess instead?

— All right. That is _____ than watching a boring TV programme.

（2005年扬州市）

A. very goodB. much goodC. very betterD. much better

6. The river _____ to the sea. It is _____ one in the country.（2006年昆明市）

A. runs, the longest B. runs, a longer

C. is run, the longest D. run, a longest

7. — Which is your favorite vegetable?

— _____ vegetables, I like cabbage _____ .（2006年苏州市）

A. Of, better B. Of all the, bestC. With, betterD. With, best

8. Mary has three brothers. Smith is _____ of the three.（2004年武汉市）

A. most tallB. the tallestC. taller

9. Which do you like _____, tea, milk or juice?（2006年湘潭市）

A. wellB. goodC. betterD. best

10. When winter comes, the days get _____ . （2005年厦门市）

A. short and shortB. shorter and shorter

C. long and longD. longer and longer

初中英语语法之形容词&副词 篇4

形容词副词的原级、比较级和最高级

1、分类：形容词和副词有原级、比较级和最高级三级。

2、规则变化:

(1)单音节和部分双音节形容词和副词,在原级的后面加上er,est构成比较级和最高级。

a)直接加er,est ：

b)以重读闭音节结尾的,要双写最后一个辅音字母,后加er,est：

c)以辅音字母+y结尾的,先把y改为i再加上er,est：

(2)两个音节或两个以上的音节的,在原级前加more / most.

3、不规则变化:

原级

比较级

最高级

good好的

better更好的

best最好的

well好;(身体)好的,

bad,badly糟糕的,糟糕地

worse更糟糕的,更糟糕地;(身体)更不舒服的

worst最糟糕的,最糟糕地;(身体)最不舒服的

ill(身体)不舒服的

many许多的(可数)

more更多的;更

most最多的;最

much许多的(不可数);非常

little少的

less更少的

least最少的

far远的;远地

farther更远的;更远地

farthest最远的;最远地

further进一步的(地)

furthest最深刻的(地)

4、形容词和副词的原级、比较级和最高级的用法：

(1) 讲述某人/物自身的情况时,用原级。基本句型是：

主语(sb./sth) + 谓语动词 +(very/too/so/quite/rather…) + 形容词/副词原级 +….如：

He is very oldnow. 他现在很老了。

They ran quitefast. 它们跑得相当快。

The weatherlooks rather bad. 天气看上去相当糟。

I am sohappy! 我是如此的快乐!

☆表示两者之间没有差别时,使用句型：

主语(第一个人物) + 谓语动词 + as + 形容词/副词原级 + as + 第二个人物 +….如

He is as excited as his younger sister. 他和他妹妹一样兴奋。

Lily rode her bike as slowly as an oldlady. 莉莉骑车像老太太一样慢。

They picked as many apples as the farmers(did). 他们摘的苹果和农民一样多。

☆表示第一个人比不上第二个人时,使用句型：主语(第一个人物) + 谓语动词(否定式) + as / so + 形容词/副词原级 + as + 第二个人物+….如：

He is not so / as excited as his youngersister. 他没他妹妹那么兴奋。

Lily did not ride her bike so / as slowly asan old lady. 莉莉骑车不像老太太那样慢。

They didn’t pick so / as many apples as thefarmers (did). 他们摘的苹果不如农民多。

(2) 讲述两者有差异,第一个人物超过第二个人物时,用比较级。基本句型：

主语(‘A’)+谓语动词+(much/alittle/even/still)+形容词/副词比较级+than+第二个人物(‘B’)+….如：

A modern trainis much faster than a car. 现代的火车比轿车快多了。

This book didn’tcost me more than that one. 这本书花费我的钱不比那本多。

讲述两者有差异,第一个人物不及第二个人物时,用比较级。句型是：

主语(‘A’) + 谓语动词 + less+(多音节形/副)比较级 + than + 第二个人物(‘B’) +….如：

I think English is less difficult thanmaths. 我认为英语不比数学难。

Do you think it less important to learn aforeign language? 你认为学外语不那么重要吗?

(3) 讲述某人/物是一群之中最突出的一个时,用最高级。句型是：

主语(sb./sth) + 谓语动词 +(the) +形容词/副词最高级 +in / of ….如：

The Changjiang River is the longest inChina. 长江是中国最长的河流。

He jumped (the) highest of the three(boys). 三个男生中他跳得最高。

(4)讲述“是....的几倍”的句型:.....times +as+原级 + as .....

This house is three times as large as thatone . 这栋房子是那栋的三倍大。

He can run five three times as fast as hisbrother. 他跑步的速度是他弟弟的三倍。

(6)讲述“尽可能......”的句型:.....as+ 原级 + as possible/one can.

We should get up as early as possible/wecan. 我们应可能的早起。

5、关于比较等级的重要注释：

1、如果动词是及物或不及物动词,则后面用副词;如果后面是连系动词,则后面用形容词。如：

This car is the fastest of the four.(形容词) 这辆汽车是四辆之中最快的。

This car runs (the) fastest of the four.(副词) 这辆汽车是四辆之中跑得最快的。

2、“比较级+and+比较级”表示“越来越……”。如：

The weather is getting warmer andwarmer. 天越来越温暖了。

2、“the+比较级…,the+比较级…”表示“越…就越…”。如：

The more trees we plant,the better it willbe. 我们栽的树越多,情况就会越好。

The harder you try,the greater your progressis. 你越是努力,进步就越大。

3、一般的形容词或副词的比较级前面可以加much/alittle/even/still,而表示数量的more之前还可以加some/ any/ no/ one/ two/ many/ several/ a lot等词。如：

It is much colder today than yesterday. 今天比昨天冷多了。

Would you like some more coffee? 你还要些咖啡吗?

He did not eat any more. 他没有再吃。

5、more than / less than分别可以理解为“多于/少于”,相当于副词,morethan=over; less than=under.如：I lived in New York for more than four months. 我在纽约生活了四个多月。

6、“one of the +最高级+名词(复数)”整个短语为单数含义,谓语要用单数形式。如：

One ofthe oldest houses has been burnt in a fire. 最古老的一幢房子在一场大火中被烧毁了。

7、“Which / Who+动词+形/副,□,□or□?”句型中,如果有两个选项,形/副用比较级,如果有三个选项,形/副用最高级。如：

Who has more books, Lin Tao or Han Mei? 林涛和韩梅谁的书最多?

Which is the heaviest,a pig,a horse or anelephant? 猪、马、象哪个最重?

8、上下文中含有both/either/neither/two/twins等表示两个事物的词时,用比较级,而且往往还要加the;含有all/none/noone/ every 等表示三个或三个以上事物时,用最高级。如：

--Do you like the smaller one?—Neither. 小一点的那个你喜欢吗?一个都不喜欢。

love的形容词和副词 篇5

beautiful普通用词，含义广泛，语气最强，指优美和谐，是一种几乎接近完美的美。指人时通常形容女人或小孩，很少用于描写男子。

fair正式用词，多用于文学中，形容女子和儿童，侧重外表的美。

handsome多用于描写男性的英俊潇洒。有时也形容女人，指其五官端正，体态秀丽。

lovely普通用词，描写人时，主要指女人和小孩的相貌，语气不如beautiful强。

pretty普通用词，语气比beautiful弱，多用于描写妇女、儿童以及小巧玲珑，精美可爱之物。

复合不定代词和复合不定副词语法 篇6

二、复合不定代词作主语时，谓语动词要用单数形式

例：Everyone knows me here.

三、形容词修饰复合不定代词时形容词放后

例：There is something new in today’s newspaper.

四、any以及any构成的词多用于否定句、疑问句、if条件句和含否定词的句子中

例：If you don’t want anything， please let me know.

He is too busy to see anyone come in.

The boy is too heavy for anyone to carry.

Anyone doesn’t know me here. 应改成No one knows me here.

注意：①any以及any构成的词在否定句中不可作主语而应换成相应的

②any以及any构成的词在否定句中为完全否定

not… any=no

not… any one/ anybody=none/ nobody

not… anything=nothing

not… anywhere=nowhere

例：I can’t see anything in the room.=I can see nothing in the room.

③any以及any构成的词也可用于肯定句

any 任何一个 any one=anybody 任何人 anything任何事物

例：He is taller than anyone else in my class.

五、every以及every构成的词在否定句中为不完全否定

例：He knows everything. 改否定句：He knows nothing

而不能改成He doesn’t know everything. 他不是事事都懂（否一半）。

六、表示人的复合不定代词用人称代词、物主代词替换时一般用复数形式，有时又可用单数，这要根据上下文来决定

①If anyone invites you， you have to meet them on time. （前面用单数，后面是宾格复数them）

拓展思维：人称代词有主格宾格之分，主格有I， he， she， it， you， we， they. 宾格有me， him， her， it， you， us， them.主格的要放在主语位置，宾格的要放在宾语位置。主语位置一般放在句首，如：I am a teacher.在英语中，宾格有两个位置，一个在动词后跟宾语，注意不是所有的动词都需要跟宾语。另一个在介词后跟宾语。

如：I give him a book. 这里的give是动词，him是give的宾语（宾语的作用是使谓语所表达的意思更加完整和清楚），因为him的位置是宾语，所以如果在这个位置上用的是人称代词，就得用宾格，而不能用主格的he。

②No one knows me here， do they？ （前面用单数，后面是复数they）

③Everyone is doing their homework now.

④If anyone calls me， tell him/ her to call back after 8：00.

七、none做主语时，谓语可单可复

例：None of us go/ goes to school by bus.

None of us is a cook.

【测一测】

1. All of us were invited， but ____ of us came.

A. neither B. none C. both

2. She listened carefully，but heard ____.

A. anyone B. someoneC. everyoneD. nothing

3. ——Do you have ____ to say for yourself？

——NO，I have ____ to say.

A. something； everything B. nothing； something

C. everything； anything D. anything； nothing

4. Why not ask ____ to help you.

A. everyone B. someoneC. anyone D.none

5. ——“There isn’t ____ water here. Could you get ____ for me？”

——“All right.”

A. some； some B. any； anyC. some； anyD. any； some

6. Today， ____ trees are still being cut down somewhere in the world.

A. much too B. too muchC. many tooD. too many

nlc202309041554

7. There’s ____ with his eyes. He’s OK.

A. angthing wrong B. wrong something

C. nothing wrong D. wrong nothing

8. “Haven’t you forgotten ____？”“____，oh，forgot my bag.”

A. anything； Excuse me B. something； Excuse me

C. something； Pardon D. everything； Pardon

9. Put it down， Richard. You mustn’t read ____ letter.

A. anyone’s else’s B. anyone’s else

C. anyone else’s D. anyone else

10. Be quiet！I have ____ to tell you.

A. important anything B. anything important

C. important something D. something important

11. I’m going to move ____. It’s too noisy in our neighbourhood.

A. somewhere quiet B. quiet somewhere

C. anywhere quiet D. quiet anywhere

12. ——Is there ____ in today’s newspaper？

——Yes. Shenzhou VI has been sent up into space successfully.

A. nothing new B. anything new

C. new nothing D. new anything

Keys： BDDBD DCACD AB

请用不定代词及不定副词填空。（some， any， something， someone， somebody， somewhere， anything， anyone， anybody， anywhere， no one， nobody， nothing）

1. Do you have ____ questions？

2. Maybe ____ put my dictionary ____. I can’t find it ____.

3. I’m so thirsty. Shall we get ____ to drink？

4. I don’t think ____ knows her new address.

5. There’s ____ in the new cupboard. It’s empty now.

6. ____ is too difficult if you put your heart into it.

7. I think you can find him ____ in the school.

8. ____ can run fasther than he. He’s the winner.

9. Could you tell ____ different between the two pictures？

10. Please help yourself to ____ soup.