《杀死一只知更鸟》读后感作文（共11篇）
这篇故事的好，最好在它的价值内涵，我还想简短的谈谈它的文学性。因为如果不谈，也许我会把它忘光光，忘记它带给我的各种细节的感动。于故事线索，读的过程中感受最深的是一只知更鸟，这个故事其实和鸟没有任何关系，全文也只出现了四次，却贯穿了始终。第一次出现：“你们射多少冠蓝鸦都没关系，只要你们能打得着，但要记住一点，杀死一只知更鸟便是犯罪。”它指向生命。第二次出现：“树木纹丝不动，知更鸟静默无声”它出现在环境。描写中，成为周围的一分子。第三次知更鸟出现“在我们头顶高处，一只孤独的知更鸟正在黑暗中没完没了地演唱它的保留曲目，它唱得那么幸福甜蜜，都忘了自己正站在谁家的大树上”这大概是指每个孤独却又内心努力幸福的人。第四次“怎么说呢，这就像是杀死一只知更鸟，对不对?”你看，斯科特她明白，知更鸟到底是什么。我想这个“知更鸟”的寓意已经很明显了。
于文章结构方面，怪人拉德利的故事首尾呼应，他终于出来了，开头是妖魔，结尾是善良的人儿。哥哥杰姆的手受伤事故首尾呼应，中间经历了诸多事宜，杰姆也成为了一个长大的人。我一度为杰姆的遭遇感到可怜，翻到前面第一页，却发现原来这个事情在杰姆心里，早已接纳成为了他的一部分，多么让人开心的一件事。
于文章语言方面，这本书还有一个非常漂亮的地方，它的比喻句，来得奇特而绝妙。好几次都让人拍案叫绝。如“在杰姆佩戴怀表的那些日子里，他连走路都倍加小心，简直像是踩在鸡蛋上一样。”“时间变得无比缓慢，仿佛是在蠕动着往前爬，让人感到恶心。”“泰勒法官端坐在法官席上，看上去像条睡意沉沉的老鲨鱼”。每一个都这么有意思又贴切。作者哈珀李没有在书中明确地展现他的观点，但是每一句话既讽刺又幽默地表达了他的态度，很高明。
A major trend in the 1960s, structuralism is an approach to lit erary analysis grounded in structural linguistics and the science o language, and its historical roots can be traced to the linguistic writ ings and theories of Ferdinand de Saussure, a Swiss professor in the late 19th and early 20th century.His scientific investigation in to language and language for the study of language provides the ba sis for structuralism’s unique approach to literary analysis.Sau ssure pointed out that binary oppositions are presented in linguistic structural models, such as langue and parole, diachronic and syn chronic, absolute arbitrariness and relative arbitrariness, signified and signifier, and other dichotomies.
Later, in the 1950s and 1960s, anthropologist Claude LeviStrauss was one of the first scholars/researchers to apply Sau ssure’s principles of linguistics to narrative discourse.Research ing and writing in response to Levi-Strauss was his contemporary the eminent French structuralist Roland Barthes.In his book S/Z Barthes notices minimal pairs that function in a relationship of bi nary opposition to endow the text with meaning.According to Barthes, the structuralist can decode the text, thereby explaining its meaning, by finding the binary oppositions within the text and showing how these oppositions are interrelated.
Because oppositional structures greatly determine how the reader interpret the text, the present paper applies the binary oppo sition principle to interpret the novel To Kill a Mockingbird, .semi-autobiographical work by the American female writer Harpe Lee.The unforgettable novel of a childhood in a sleepy Southern town and the crisis of conscience that rocked it, To Kill a Mocking bird became both an instant bestseller and a critical success when it was first published in 1960.It went on to win the Pulitzer Priz in 1961 and was later made into an Academy Award-winning film now also a classic.From the point of view of the protagonist Scout a six-year old child, the novel recalls the injustice of a southern town, Maycomb, in the 1930s.From six to nine years old, the pro tagonist Scout experienced many things in the town, good and bad kind and evil, among which the lawsuit about a kind and hones Black man, Tom Robinson, slandered by the white father and daughter and finally suffering a tragic death.The novel reflects th prejudice towards Black people at that time in America.Compas sionate, dramatic, and deeply moving, To Kill a Mockingbird take reader to the roots of human behavior—to innocence and experi ence, kindness and cruelty, love and hatred, humor and pathos.
2 The Analysis of Binary Oppositions
2.1 Prejudice versus Acceptance
In To kill a Mocking Bird, Aunt Alexandra is a typical repre sentative who follows the tradition of the noble White class with prejudice against Black people in the American South of the US by contrast, Scout represents a more modern or anti-traditional per son.Their attitudes to the maidservant Calpurnia, a Black woman constitute a sharp binary opposition.
As a relic of the old South, Aunt Alexandra strongly believe in the racial hierarchy and considers the Black people to be slaves even after the Civil War.Her attitude towards Calpurnia illustrates her belief:“PUT MY BAG in the front bedroom, Calpurnia, ”was the first thing Aunt Alexandra said when she first appears in the house of Atticus to stay with them“for a while” (Lee 1982:169) .Using the command tone, she draws a clear demarcation line between herself and the Black maidservant, in order to show her nobility and superiority.Besides, she always orders Calpurnia to do numerous things to show her mastership.She warns the family to be cautious of talking in front of Calpurnia, because she is a Black woman.She even tells Atticus that“You’ve got to face it sooner or later and it might as well be tonight.We don’t need her now” (Lee 1982:182) .She blames Cal for the so-called wrong behavior of the two children, so she wants her to go, but in vain.All the actions and beliefs of Aunt Alexandra are the legacy of the old tradition of prejudice, of which she is a firm defender.
Scout, however, represents a sharp contrast to Aunt Alexandra as a supporter of anti-tradition and social acceptance.Although very young, she is not influenced by older people who follow the racism against Black people.Losing her mother at the age of two, Scout has Calpurnia’s company and has“felt her tyrannical presence as long as”she could remember (Lee 1982:7) .In Scout’s eyes, “Calpurnia was something else again.She was all angles and bones;she was nearsighted;she squinted;her hand was wide as a bed slat and twice as hard.She was ordering me out of the kitchen, asking me why I couldn’t behave as well as Jem when she knew he was older, and calling me home when I wasn’t ready to come.Our battles were epic and one-sided.Calpurnia always won, mainly because Atticus always took her side” (Lee 1982:7) .Scout can describe Calpurnia vividly because she is familiar with her.She never sees Calpurnia as an inferior person because she is a Black woman from whom she would never keep a distance;instead, Scout respects Calpurnia, treating her as an important family member, even as the role of mother, to some extent.This can be proved by Atticus’s words when Aunt Alexandra wants to let Calpurnia go out of the family, who says that“I don’t think the children’ve suffered on bit from her having brought them up....she’s never let them get away with anything, she’s never indulged them the way most colored nurses do.She tried to bring them up according to her lights, and Cal’s lights are pretty good, and another thing, the children love her” (Lee 1982:183)
The binary opposition of Aunt Alexandra’s and Scout’s different attitudes towards the black woman Calpurnia shows the kindness and innocence of Scout and prejudice and antipathy of Aunt Alexandra.We have seen a lovely girl who is not contaminated by the prejudice of other people and who discovered the beauty of human nature.
2.2 Justice versus Evil
Apart from the conflict between prejudice and acceptance, there is also a tension between justice and evil, with Atticus, the righteous White lawyer, the reclusive Boo Radley and other White men of the town as the symbols of justice and evil respectively.
Boo Radley, locked in the room by his father, from the beginning of the novel, always fascinates curious children.There is a rumor in the town that he is bad and evil.However, although seldom coming out, he is the embodiment of kindness and justice and focuses the outside world in his own special way.When Scout rolls into the Radley front yard, she“had heard another sound...Someone inside the house was laughing” (Lee 1982:54) .When Miss Maudie’s house is on fire, Scout and Jem stand in front of the Radleys watching people fighting the fire and then go home finding herself clutching a brown woolen blanket she is wearing around her shoulders, squaw-fashion, but does not know who put it there.We readers, however, can discern that it is Boo, who does not help to fight the fire but helps his neighbors in his own way.Also, he sews pants for Jem and places presents in the hole of the tree to the children.Moreover, at the night when Bob Ewell tries to ambush Scout and Jem, Boo saves the children courageously.Until now, he is not a bad or evil man as the rumor goes, but rather a kind and righteous person.
Besides Boo Radley, Atticus is also a person full of the sense of justice.Regardless of the prejudice and ugly talk from other people in the town, he is going to defend Tom Robinson resolutely and determinedly.When her daughter asks him why he did it, he says that“The main one is, if I didn’t I couldn’t hold up my head in town, I couldn’t represent the county in legislature, I couldn’t even tell you or Jem not to do something again” (Lee 1982:100) .As a lawyer, he only remembers justice and evil instead of blackness or whiteness and he chooses to do the right thing at any cost.Even when he receives vicious remarks, indeed harm from other people of the town, he follows his own heart firmly and does not give up.
Along with the justice of Radley and Atticus, the evil of some White people in the town is an inseparable“friend”which cannot be ignored.After Atticus defends Tom Robinson, the evil of words or even actions towards Atticus even his children begins to emerge.Whenever Scout and Jem pass by Mrs.Dubose’s, “we would be raked by her wrathful gaze, subjected to ruthless interrogation regarding our behavior, and given a melancholy prediction on what we would amount to when we grew up.., ”Scout reflects (Lee 1982:134) .When Mrs.Dubose realizes that Atticus defends a“nigger, ”her harsh words were“your father’s no better than the niggers and trash he works for!”goes to the bottom line of the children who becomes“almost accustomed to hearing insults aimed at Atticus” (Lee 1982:135-136) .But this is the first one coming from an adult.The evil of humans blinds her eyes and she cannot see what is right and what is wrong.She even spills the harsh words to two innocent and kind children.
The evil of the White people in town towards Tom Robinson is more astounding.When Tom Robinson is still locked in jail waiting for the trial, a mob of drunken men led by Walter Cunningham come to the jail at night to force Atticus to hand over Tom but in vain, because of Atticus’noncompliance and Scout’s unintentional interference.We all know that their intention is to lynch Tom in the name of so-called dignity and justice, which, actually, is the pretext for their evil.
The evil is most thoroughly embodied by Bob Ewell.Even though he wins the lawsuit, he still bears a grudge against Atticus.He spits at and threatens Atticus and his children.Finally, he ambushes the two children on the way home at night, but dies under his own knife.His actions are not forgivable.
Justice, eventually, overcomes evil.Their binary opposition reveals human nature and suggests that evil cannot defeat justice.
2.3 Black versus White
Although the Civil War had abolished slavery, the status of Black people had not improved.Tom Robinson, a Black man, who“lives in the that little settlement beyond the town dump, ...cleanliving folks” (Lee 1982:100) .In the eyes of Scout, “Tom was a black velvet Negro, not shiny, but soft black velvet.The whites of his eyes shone in his face, and when he spoke we saw flashes of his teeth.If he had been whole, he would have been a fine specimen of a man” (Lee 1982:257) .Kind and honest, he is willing to help others.However, the Ewells represent the opposite:“No economic fluctuations changed their status--people like the Ewells lived a guests of the county in prosperity as well as in the depth of a de pression.No truant officers could keep their numerous offspring in school;no public health officer could free them from congenital de fects, various worms, and the diseases indigenous to filthy sur roundings” (Lee 1982:227) .Even though people of the town know clearly what kinds of person of Tom Robinson and Bob Ewell are Tom is still treated unfairly and becomes the victim of prejudice, al though there is strong evidence proving that Tom is slandered by the White father and daughter Ewell and Mayella.
The members of the jury represent the conflict between Black and White.With the accused Tom as a Black and the accusers a White, the members of the jury who decide the result of the lawsui are all White, which shows that racial discrimination affected the judicial system so that Blacks cannot have the opportunity to be come a member of the jury.Therefore, the result of the lawsuit i expected, which, however, is not the problem of the judicial system but, instead of racial discrimination.As a result, the White Ewell are viewed as much nobler than the kind and hardworking Robin sons.Tom speaks for himself but is buried in racial discrimination and cannot escape the fate of death.
3 Enlightenment from the Author through Binary Op-positions
Binary oppositions are not simply static juxtapositions, but al so conveying important information about the author’s ideals which include abolishing racism.
3.1 The Inherency of Black versus White
The contrast between Black and White is inherent, which can not be eliminated naturally, because both Black and White are de termined by genes.Therefore, the perceived differences between Black and White are permanent, with implications for social status.
3.2 Prejudice versus Acceptance and Justice versus Evil
Unlike Black versus White, prejudice versus acceptance and justice versus evil are not inherent.Though they originate from the former, they also emerge from many other factors.Therefore, they can be defeated through conscious efforts of human beings, which I think, is the author’s most important message.Just like the au thor says in the novel“Mockingbirds don’t do one thing but mak music for us to enjoy.They don’t eat up people’s gardens, don’nest in corncribs, they don’t do one thing but sing their hearts fo us.Why it is a sin to kill a mocking bird” (Lee 1982:119) .The au thor may conclude that if it is a sin to kill an innocent animal when the animal is a completely different species, and if we can live har moniously with mockingbirds, then this is how people should trea each other.That Blacks and Whites, indeed all races, should aban ddoonn pprreejjuuddiiccee aanndd eevviill iiss tthhee mmoosstt iimmppoorrttaanntt mmeessssaaggee ccoonnvveeyyeedd bby the author.
摘要：该文从结构主义的角度来解读哈珀·李的著作《杀死一只知更鸟》。通过分析文本中几组重要的二元对立项, 读者可以探知书中所描绘的20世纪30年代美国南方小镇的社会生活。在矛盾和冲突中, 读者感知主人公的成长历程, 以此来激发人们对社会问题及人性的思考。
关键词：结构主义,二元对立,《杀死一只知更鸟》
参考文献
[1]Barthes, Roland.Annette Lavers[M].S/Z.Trans.New York:Hill and Wang, 1972.
[2]Harper Lee.To Kill a Mockingbird[M].New York:Boston.Grand Central Publishing, 1982
[3]Li Xi-li.A Structuralist’s Look at A Streetcar Named Desire[J].Overseas English, 2014 (3) .
[4]Wang Ying-hui, Racism and Acceptance:a Clash BetweenAunt Alexandra and Scout in To Kill a Mockingbird[J].Jour-nal of Language and Literature, 2011 (8) .
[5]Wang Zhong-ling.Critique and Rethinking of Formalism andStructuralism (Part I) [J].Academic Exchange, 2011 (5) .
[6]Wang Zhong-ling.Critique and Rethinking of Formalism andStructuralism (Part II) [J].Academic Exchange, 2011 (6) .
[7]Yun De-yu.On the Female Protagoist Scot’s Growth in ToKill a Mockingbird[J].Journal of Henan Institute of Scienceand Technology, 2014 (5) .
To Kill a Mockingbird is a coming-of-age story of Scout Finch and her brother， Jem， in 1930's Alabama. Through their neighborhood meanderings1） and the example of their God-like father， Atticus， they grow to understand that the world isn't always fair and that prejudice is a very real aspect of their world no matter how subtle it seems.
Through the events of those two years， Scout learns that no matter their differences or peculiarities2）， the people of the world and of Maycomb County are all people. No one is lesser or better than anyone else because they're all people. She realizes that once you get to know them， most people are good and kind no matter what they seem like on the outside.
《杀死一只知更鸟》是一个关于斯库特·芬奇和她哥哥杰姆的成长故事，故事发生在20世纪30年代的亚拉巴马州。通过他们与邻里间的各种曲折经历和他们神一样的父亲亚蒂克斯的榜样行为，他们逐渐明白，这个世界并不总是公平公正的，偏见也是他们生活的世界中十分真实的一部分，无论它看起来有多么的不起眼。
通过那两年间发生的种种事件，斯库特认识到，人们的差异或特性无关紧要，这个世界上的所有人，还有梅科姆镇上的所有人，都是一样的。没有人比其他任何人卑微和优越，因为他们都是人。她认识到，一旦你了解了他们，你就会发现大部分人都是好人、善良的人，无论他们外表看起来如何。
小编推荐理由
何为教养？你一定也认同它跟出身无关，但是不是一个人衣着得体、在餐桌上举止得当就可以被看做有教养？不全是。当你看到书中的父亲阿蒂克斯为人宽厚善良、正直无私、谦逊绅士；当你看到他以身作则，潜移默化中影响着斯库特和杰姆两个孩子，教他们宽容、独立、勇敢、坚强、尊重他人；当你看到一位父亲对孩子们永远秉持的耐心、温和、包容与宠爱；当你看到一位父亲与孩子们一起面对偏见、不公、误解甚至报复，你一定会明白为什么杀死一只知更鸟是一种罪恶，你也一定会相信如他们一般拥有一颗文明高贵的心才是真正的教养。其实这部小说探讨的主题远不止于此，但时隔四年，我再次读这本书，仍旧被这一主题吸引，仍被这样一位刚柔并济的父亲打动，仍为两个孩子的成长感到欣慰，仍忍不住“老泪”纵横。
经典语句
*Mockingbirds don't do one thing but make music for us to enjoy. They don't eat up people's gardens， don't nest in corncribs， they don't do one thing but sing their hearts out for us. That's why it's a sin to kill a mockingbird. 知更鸟只做一件事情，那就是为我们唱歌来供我们欣赏。它们不会吃光人们的花园，不会在玉米仓里筑巢，它们只会做一件事情，那就是用心为我们歌唱。这就是为什么杀死一只知更鸟是一种罪过。
这本书引发了读者们对勇敢、偏见、教育等问题的思考和讨论，于我而言，感触最深的却是，在阿迪克斯为人处世中表现出的珍贵品质——尊重。
他尊重懵懂的孩子就像尊重独立的成年人，尊重风烛残年的瘾君子就像尊重勇敢自尊的勇士，尊重势单力薄的残疾黑人就像尊重身边平等的同伴，尊重拉德利深居简出的习惯，尊重亚历山德拉对家族规矩的执着……不论身份差异如何，他表现出的尊重总是那么真诚，这是因为他能够“穿着他人的鞋子走来走去”，设身处地去理解他人的选择，去感同身受别人的情绪。这种发自内心的尊重，是一个人对这个世界最大的温柔，是最细微处的善良。
如今，发达的网络日渐拉近人与人之间的距离，摩擦碰撞有增无已，学会尊重尤为重要。
在网上找书评的时候，看到一句话：“愿你克服偏见，愿你一往无前。”顿时让我豁然开窍，是的，不论是小女主人公对怪人亚瑟的偏见，还是镇上的人们对黑人的偏见，都是深刻而毫无原由的，看清这一切的只有阿蒂克斯。
阿蒂克斯是小镇上一位受人尊敬的白人律师，性格温良的他，虽一身才华，在孩子面前却只做一位普通的父亲，谦逊，温和。他独自一人把两个孩子杰姆和斯库特抚养长大，言传身教。在孩子们任性地打扰不愿出门的亚瑟时，阿蒂克斯第一次严厉的指责他们不要去干预别人的生活;在孩子们因他为黑人辩论，被周围的人嘲笑欺负时，他说：不要去理他们，不要去揍他们，挺起你们的头颅，远离他们。
阿蒂克斯说：“我希望，我祷告，能让我带着杰姆和斯库特顺利渡过难关，最重要的是，能别让他们染上梅科姆(城市)的通病。为什么原本通情达理的人，一遇到黑人有关的事就会完全丧失理智?这种现象我永远无法假装理解。”
不论镇上的人们再怎么反对阿蒂克斯，他也从未害怕，为了保护被告的黑人小伙子，在深夜里他被人拿枪指着头，也未曾退缩。最令这个勇敢的父亲害怕的是，孩子们带着偏见的眼光去看待世界，只分得清别人的肤色而不是心灵。在梅科姆，即使是懒惰虚伪的白人，也比勤劳质朴的黑人高贵，这是阿蒂克斯无法理解的。
在一次谈起打鸟时，他一再嘱咐孩子不要去伤害知更鸟，因为它们只为人类歌唱，从来不做危害人类的事情。这是一位智慧而又成熟的父亲，阿蒂克斯的形象让我想起了英国的绅士，而单纯的用绅士来形容，总觉得不够。
————题记
人本良善。
人本良善，故而哀叹人心不古，会对丑恶避之如蛇蝎，会渴求善意如涸辙之鱼，会苦苦寻觅踏破山水只为寻一丝心灵的救赎。
我是素来信奉人性本善的。
然而人性本善，一个“本”字，却不会从一而终，总是被无奈的抛在了最初的岁月里。
出生的孩子瞪着晶亮的眼，好奇地打量整个世界，将那些功名心计，利禄盘算，人间沧桑都看在眼中，却不为之所动，不为之污染分毫。
都说孩子的心像白纸，当真一点不差。
稍有长大，2、3岁的年纪，哭泣着害怕搬石头擦死的小蚂蚁的爸爸妈妈会担心，扯着妈妈的衣角恳求他将买来的青蛙放生，为了被端上饭桌的小动物哭泣争吵不休。
那个时候纵是三观还未具雏形，到底那白纸上已铺出一层温暖的底色，恍惚间可以看见秀美的知更鸟在其间穿梭盘旋，勾出一派水清沙白的澄澈。
再过个几年，上小学了，有了知识的小小孩子，却开始羞于同情。
因为书上说，吃羊的大灰狼凶狠又残暴，因为老师说，救了蛇的农夫反被蛇咬死了，因为父母说，鳄鱼的眼泪是虚伪而狡诈的。
因为他们说，他们说。。。。。。
可是大人们捕杀濒危动物只为满足一时口腹之欲，且越吃越珍贵，越吃越稀奇，甚或来一锅清炖女婴，却说吃羊的狼凶残。
可是大人们为一己私欲不惜陷害父母手足，不惜违背道德伦常，不惜抛家弃子个人享乐，却说蛇忘恩负义。
可是大人们对上位者巴结讨好极尽谄媚，对底层人民不屑一顾弃之如敝履，用几百上千万的钱买来上位者对自己的满意，吝于施舍街边乞讨的老人一口饭吃，却说鳄鱼虚伪。
可是，可是。。。。。。
可是一个又一个日头过去之后，再没有什么可是了。
因为孩子也变成了大人，再不会为了被残忍杀戮的生命心疼若斯，揪心蚀骨，仅落个冷眼观之，甚或嫌恶扭头。
那般透出的嫌恶与冷漠，回想之下，直觉绝望窒息，仿若穿心一箭，射杀了所有的幸福————
杀死了知更鸟。
白纸上浸染了血迹，然而有人在耳边狂笑不止，嘶哑悲切，无休止地嘲笑着幼时的迷惘挣扎。
他说我此生再回不去从前，终此一世，再不配拥有那只蓝色知更鸟。
终究明了，我还是输给了时间，输给了荒诞的所谓无法更改的结局，输给了他。。。。。。
人总也少不了要长大，可是长大的路途中风吹雨淋，霜冻日晒，曾经那么美好的转瞬间就被现实抹去，不复当年。
人要适应这个社会，就必须丢掉一些东西，必须割舍的，是天真的善意，是我们最初善良的本性。
然而，却会在午夜梦回之际，泪流满面，仓皇寻找————
吕萍
汤姆的案子输了，在第一次诉讼中，虽然很明显这是一起冤案，当然这起案子也还有申诉的机会，只是即便申诉，最后的结局也逃不过一个输字，原因很简单，因为在那样的年代，那样的社会环境下，汤姆作为黑人是无论如何都不被允许赢的——这就是法律，当时不成文的法律。
只是，在那场官司中，诬陷汤姆且是作为赢家的白人鲍伯.尤厄尔同样也输了，而且不光和汤姆一样丢掉了性命，比起汤姆来说，他还输掉了信誉——梅科姆镇对这起案子非常关注，开庭那天，法庭上聚拢了大量的人群，有老人孩子，有白人黑人，还有作者及她的哥哥、朋友，人们目睹了案子审理的整个过程，并在其中明悟了这起案子的真相，所以作为赢家的鲍伯.尤厄尔最后得到的不再是人们的同情，而是深深的厌恶和鄙夷——他得到了一份工作随即又很快失去，并且他成为唯一一个因懒惰而被公共事业振兴署辞退的人，因此他极度愤愤不平，每次去领救济金都是骂骂咧咧，并且公开责骂汤姆的辩护律师，也就是作者的父亲阿蒂克斯，砸了他的饭碗（呵呵，我们是不能要求一个有人格缺陷的人明白事理的，就像他只能偏激地认为是阿蒂克斯砸了他的饭碗一样），并决定展开报复行动，然而最后却丧生其中。
他赢了而后却输了，表面上看好像不太符合逻辑，这到底是怎么回事呢？这里面一定有一个东西在真正评判着这一切，定下输赢，而那肯定不是明文的法律。
另外关于鲍伯.尤厄尔死后出现的事情，一度让我陷入深深地思考，他是在夜晚尾随阿蒂克斯的两个孩子准备实施报复的路途中，在和孩子们进行搏斗的过程中，被作者眼中的邻居怪人拉德利用刀捅死的，而警官泰特以及除了阿蒂克斯以外的所有人都从始至终坚持说，他是弄巧成拙自己扑倒在尖刀上死亡的，当然最后阿蒂克斯也放弃了对此事真相的追究，而选择站在了大家这一边。
这样做对吗？就像阿蒂克斯先前说的，谁也没有权力隐瞒真相，或者说人们有权利知道真相，况且他也不想让孩子们因为此事从此头顶一片阴云而生活，他想做个非常正直的人，影响孩子们也去做这样的人，所以先前他是不允许自己和大家站在同一边的，而后能感觉出来，他陷入了迷茫并试图向大家靠拢——他像似要寻找有人能打气般“终于抬起了头”望向女儿并试探性地问她：“尤厄尔先生是自己倒在刀口上的，你能听明白吗？”聪慧的女儿跑过去，使劲拥抱他，亲吻他，并坚定地回答：“是的，我能理解”，并向他保证说：“泰特先生是对的。”接着阿蒂克斯还是有些不解地问：“怎么讲？”女儿反问了一句：“噢，如果是那样做，差不多就像杀死一只知更鸟（知更鸟在文中寓意美好），不是吗？”之后阿蒂克斯认定了尤厄尔先生是被自己误杀的。至此所有的人其实都选择了隐瞒真相。
这样做到底对吗？似乎是不对的，我和阿蒂克斯有同样的思维及顾虑，但是我又同样十分认同阿蒂克斯最后的选择，因为我终于慢慢看清楚了那个东西，那个一直在暗中默默评判这一切并能定下输赢的东西，它告诉我，这样做是对的，并且它可以让我坚定想法而不再质疑。
它就是有着这样神奇的力量，在汤姆的案子败诉之后，依然可以让一切趋于公平，它就是人心。
本书名为《杀死一只知更鸟》，如果单从题目上看，我们也许会猜测书的内容是有关怎样杀死一只知更鸟的故事。读完却发现书中关于知更鸟仅用了一点点儿笔墨，就是“弹无虚发”的主公阿蒂克斯.芬奇给孩子们讲述了自己因童年射杀了一只知更鸟，从而使他总有一种负罪感的故事。但是读完全书，细细品味，却发现“知更鸟”的故事贯穿了这部小说的全文，因为小说中有许多人物都与知更鸟有着同样的命运，虽然他们什么坏事都没做，却会遭到无端的残害。比如：人们眼中的怪人阿瑟·布·拉德利就是一只知更鸟，他虽然足不出户，却成了孩子们童年的恐怖象征。实际上，他的怪异也只是不符合小镇上大多数人的逻辑，但是他是善良的，不仅送孩子们礼物，最后还救了杰姆。黑人汤姆.鲁滨逊也是一只知更鸟，他勤勤恳恳，却被人诬告强奸，因为不忍被诬陷，选择逃跑而被击毙。另外，本书从写法上看，儿童视角也使其呈现出了与众不同的意义和格调。
小说共分为两部分。第一部分主要叙述经济大萧条时期，在美国阿拉巴马州的梅岗镇，斯库特和哥哥杰姆，还有一个名为迪尔的男孩对古怪、足不出户的邻居阿瑟·布·拉德利既着迷又害怕。梅岗镇的大人们也不愿谈论拉德利，多年来，很少见过他。孩子们对所传出的有关他的谣言和他隐居的深层原因充满了猜测与想象。第二部分主要叙述法院指定作者的父亲阿提库斯·芬奇为黑人汤姆·罗宾逊辩护。汤姆·罗宾逊被指控殴打并强奸白人鲍勃的女儿。阿提库斯·芬奇竭力找到了汤姆无罪的证据，并将事实真相摆在所有陪审员和小镇居民的面前，但陪审团依旧对汤姆做出了有罪的裁决，被冤枉的汤姆在判决当晚试图逃跑而被击毙。
将本书的两部分有机贯穿起来的一个重要人物，就是使本书充满神秘色彩的怪人阿瑟·布·拉德利。在第一部分中，作者首先提到了他，但他却从未正面出现过，在第二部分的最合，他终于出现了，并在恶人鲍勃的刀下救了作者和他的哥哥，但作者很快就告诉读者，自此以后，他再也没有见过阿瑟·布·拉德利，给读者留下了无限的想像空间。
全书从一个小女孩的视角以及她相对稚嫩的语言，委婉地揭露了当时美国社会存在的严重的种族迫害和种族歧视，反映美国黑人的艰难辛酸生活，有着一定的政治色彩。
但是我读该书，却更多地从对芬奇一家人的工作、生活、交流的细腻的描写中，读出了浓浓的家庭教育的味道，更重要的是从父亲阿迪克斯.芬奇身上感受到了一种神奇的力量——温柔的力量。
父亲阿迪克斯.芬奇是当地的律师，妻子早逝，他带着两个孩子杰姆和斯库特一起生活。他爱孩子，既不过于严苛，也不爱至宠溺。在教育孩子的过程中，他更注重言传身教的力量。阿迪克斯.芬奇，是芬奇家族的一员，却很少跟孩子强调所谓的家族荣耀,他想让孩子们成为他们自己，而不是家族的附庸。他是当地的议员，在案件诉讼上，秉承真理，保护了黑人的利益。在当地，他颇受人尊重。尽管，很多人因为偏见，不能接受他为黑人辩护的事实，但是更多的人，还是表示钦佩。他是神枪手，却从不炫耀。
作为女孩的斯库特一点也不淑女，整天跟着哥哥杰姆还有外地来的好朋友迪尔两个男孩子在一起玩儿。在闭塞的小填居民眼里，一切不符合他们习惯的行为都是怪癖。所以斯库特的言行受到了姑姑及梅科姆镇有些居民的非议。但是父亲阿迪克斯.芬奇对于女儿的言行给予了理解和默认，他每天在家中休息的时候，总是会陪着孩子看书看报或者陪孩子们玩耍，让孩子可以像孩子一样玩耍、想像和思考。
作为律师阿迪克斯.芬奇无论是在法庭上，还是在私下里，他都始终对人恭敬有礼,用自己的行动维护黑人的正当权利，赢得了孩子们的尊重。读后感也正是为了让孩子能够在这样的大环境下有自己的坚持，他宁愿冒着被伤害的风险，也要坚持自己的正义为，为汤姆·罗宾逊做辩护。哥哥杰姆渐渐长大，身上绅士的气质也逐渐显露，他最后为了照顾好妹妹而受伤，也是父亲带给他人影响。
小镇上的人家常常夜不闭户，但是拉德利却总是紧锁房门，这引来了很多闲言碎语。哥哥杰姆根据街头巷尾的流言蜚语和左邻右舍的传言，拼凑出一幕满是哀伤色彩的短剧来，他们模仿身边的人，像一个大一样去说些稀奇古怪的话。聪明的父亲阿迪克斯早就猜到孩子们在做什么，也想到孩子们也许会因为调皮而惹出一些麻烦，但是他还是放心地让他们出去玩儿，只是在关键的时候，教以做人的道理。
阿迪克斯的很多话，都给孩子留下了深刻的印记，也深刻地体现了父亲阿迪克斯本身的个人魅力。比如，关于勇气，他对孩子们说：“我想让你明白什么是真正的勇气。勇气不是一个男人手里拿着枪，而是当你还未开始时就知道自己会输，可你依然要去做，而且无论如何都要坚持到底。一个人很少能赢，但也总会有赢的时候。”关于孩子提出的尴尬问题，他对自己的妹妹说“如果一个孩子向你提问，你回答他就好，不要反应过度。孩子就是孩子，但他们会比大人们更快发现你在逃避。逃避会让他们感到困惑。”在孩子们处于愤怒或面临挑衅时，他教导孩子：你只需要把头高高抬起来，把拳头放下。不管人们对你说什么，都别让他们惹你发火。试着改变，试着用头脑击败他们。”
斯考特的特立独行，贯穿了全片始终，她还有成型的三观，与成年的带有种族歧视眼镜的白人们形成了对比。
虽然Tom最终还是死了，但却显得片子很真实，jury的长时间讨论可以看出人们内心的挣扎，暗示了白人内心善良的一面。
恶人Ewell作为白人中的人渣死有余辜，演员演技出色，一出场就是人觉得这人估计会领便当的样子。由于没有看过原著小说，案件真相我们不得而知，唯一可以确定的是Tom是一个炮灰，是种族歧视的牺牲品。
然而Tom的牺牲会唤起很多白人心中留存的善良，也许他们不会很快改变自己的观念，但至少会平等地对待很人。在生命面前，一切都会显得微不足道了，毕竟人们生存的权利是平等的，何况是在以民主为核心的美国。
在杰姆和斯库特的童年，阿瑟·布·拉德利被他们认为是恐怖的代名词，被全村人称之为“怪人”。为什么呢?一天“怪人”正坐在客厅里，从《梅科姆论坛》上剪新闻，好贴在他的集锦簿上，这时候，他父亲进来了，“怪人”一剪刀捅进他父亲的腿里，然后拔出来在自己的裤子上擦了擦，又接着捡起报纸来。他那时33岁，拉德利先生把他锁在房间里。但就像书中所说：“大多数人都是善良的，等你最终了解他们之后就会发现。”随着日子渐渐的推移，布·拉德利经常为孩子们留下一些陈旧的小礼物，并且在杰姆和斯库特被袭击的时候救了他们。他真的很善良。同时书中也说：“你永远也不可能真正了解一个人，除非你穿上他的鞋子走来走去，站在他的角度上考虑问题。”就像对待“怪人”拉德利那样，每个人的学历和对事物的认知程度不同，导致我们不能完完全全正确的站在别人的角度上思考问题，所以我们故步自封，使我们对拉德利产生了许多的偏见，每次他的出场，都让我很难过，一个好好的人硬生生的被偏见弄成这样!
“我们知道，人并不像某些人强迫我们相信的那样生来平等有些人比别人聪明;有些人生来就比别人占优势;有些男士比别的男士挣钱多;有的女士做蛋糕比别的女士好;有些人生来就比大多数人有才华。可是在这个国家里，有一种方式能让一切人生来平等有一些人类社会机构能够让乞丐等于洛克菲勒，让蠢人等于爱因斯坦，让无知的人等于任何大学的校长。这种机构，就是法庭，就像任何社会机构一样，我们的机构也有他的缺陷，但是在这个国家中，法庭是最伟大的平等主义者。我们的法庭中，一切人生来平等。”这一段话是芬奇在庭审现场的发言，芬奇给一位被指控强奸一名白人女士的黑人男子辩护。虽然这位黑人男子是被污蔑的，但在当时的社会下，他们骄傲的认定了黑种人低他们一等，黑种人本就不应该得到胜利，更别说尊严了。所以这场官司芬奇输定了。但也正如芬奇所说：“勇敢就是，在你还没开始的时候，就知道自己注定会输，但依然义无反顾的去做，并且不管发生什么都坚持到底!”
可能偏见这种东西本身就刻在人的自私里“到目前为止，你生活中还没有什么事情和你的逻辑推理相冲突。在我们的世界里，有些东西会让人丧失理智，他们不论怎么努力都做不到公平。这些很丑恶，但他们是社会的现实。”芬奇是这么解释的。但也不是说不能带任何偏见，我们之前需要知道“有一种东西不能遵循从众原则，那就是人的良心”。人若摸着良心行事，那么相信偏见也会减少不少。
在当今这个网络快速发展的社会，消息散播迅速。为创造更美好、更文明、更和谐的社会，作为发言人：我们应该注意自己的言论，在发表自己的看法时，多为别人设身处地的考虑，同时也应该用事实论说事情，切勿亦云亦云，减少偏见。作为倾听者：在观看或听闻事情时，我们应该通过现象看本质，抽丝剥茧，不能被别人的偏见而影响自己的判断，更不能带个人偏见看待任何事物。
阿迪克斯教导年幼的子女不要杀死为人类歌唱的知更鸟，因为它们善良而从不伤害人。而杀死无罪的汤姆。鲁滨逊就如杀死一只无辜的知更鸟。
阿迪克斯在法庭上竭尽全力维护事实和法律的公正，然而却阻挡不了梅科姆人们那根深蒂固的偏见。从白人马耶拉·尤厄尔开口叫嚷的那一刻起，黑人汤姆就注定是死路一条。
最伟大的人也许无法对抗最固执的偏见，但最固执的偏见也无法对抗那些人满心的善良。
