考研英语名词性从句

考研英语名词性从句（精选8篇）

考研英语名词性从句篇1

这里我们先总结一下能够涉及到的从句。在考研英语中，总共有三大类型从句，即名词性从句，定语从句和状语。我们这里先看一下名词性从句。名词性从句就是指在句子中起名词作用的从句，其功能相当于名词词组，在复合句中可以担任主语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等。根据它在剧中不同的语法功能，名词性从句可以分为主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句和同位语从句。

1、主语从句

主语从句在复合句中充当主语，为了避免头重脚轻的情况，平衡句子结构，一般用it作形式主语代替处于从句，把主语从句置于句尾。在完型填空中，对主语从句的考查以形式主语it为主。例如：It did not matter what was done in the experiment。it 作形式主语，关系代词what引导的从句是句子真正的主语。句子含义为：实验中做什么无关紧要。

2、宾语从句

宾语从句在复合句中充当宾语，可以作动词的宾语、介词的宾语。也可以用于动词+it+that 结构，由it 作形式宾语。例如：That kind of activity makes it less likely that the court’s decisions will be accepted as impartial judgments. () 在这句话中，it作形式宾语，而真正的宾语是that 引导的宾语从句。注意在这样的结构中，that是不可省略的。句子的含义为：这种行为使得法院的判决不太可能被视作公正无私。

3、表语从句

标语从句放在系动词后，充当复合句中的表语，一般结构是主语+连系动词+表语从句。引导表语从句的that通常可以省略。可以接表语从句的连系动词有be, look,remain等。另外，常用的结构还有the reason…that(不用because)和it is because…例如：Part of the problem is that the justices are not bound by an ethics code. (2012)这句话中，that从句作连系动词is的表语，说明“问题是什么”。句子的含义为：部分为题在于法官不受道德规范的制约。

4、同位语从句

同位语从句在完型填空中出现的次数很多，广大考生要引起注意。同位语从句用于对名词作进一步解释，说明名词的具体内容。能接同位语从句的应为表示抽象概念的名词，如：idea, belief, fact等。同位语从句一般由that 引导，但也可以用关系代词(what, which, who)、关系副词(when, where, why, how)或者whether …引导。例如：Contrary to the descriptions on record, no systematic evidence was found that levels of productivity were related to changes in lighting. (2010) 在这句话中，句子的主干为no systematic evidence was found，句首Contrary to 作状语， that引导的同位语从句置于谓语部分后。句子的含义为：与所记载的描述相反，没有系统的证据证明生产效率与照明的变化之间存在关联。

考研英语名词性从句篇2

1、That we shall be late is certain. (主语从句)

译:我们将迟到是确定无疑的。

2、He made it quite clear that he preferred to study English. (宾语从句)

译:他说得很明确他宁愿学习英语。

3、That is what he meant. (表语从句)

译:这就是他的意思。

4、The news that professor Wang will give us a lecture is true. (同位语从句)

译:王教授要来给我们作演讲的消息是真的。

但是在有些句境中, 我们不能按原句语序进行翻译, 而要采取一些其它处理方法, 具体如下:

一、主语从句的翻译

(一) 以关联词what whatever whoever等引导的主语从句翻译时一般可按原文顺序翻译, 如下列:

1、What she did is not yet known.

译:她干了什么尚不清楚。

2、Whatever you said was not important.

译:你说了什么并不重要。

3、Whoever has been to the Great Wall will never forget it.

译:凡是到过长城的人就永远不会遗忘它。

(二) 含有it作形式主语代替主语从句的复合句, 翻译时视情况可将主语从句前译或后译。1、将主语从句提前译, 如需强调, it可以译出来, 不需强调, it也可以不译出来。如下例:

(1) It doesn’t make much difference whether he tells the truth.

译:他说不说实情没有多大关系。

(2) It is a fact that he has been to the America.

译:他去过美国, 这是事实 (强调, it译出来)

2、将主语从句后译, it一般不需要译出来, 如下例:

(1) It is strange that she didn’t attend the meeting.

译:真奇怪, 她竟然没有参加会议

(2) It was obvious that Tom was anxious to buy the car.

译:很明显, 汤姆非常想买那台车。

二、宾语从句的翻译

(一) 以关联词that, what, how等引导的宾语从句在翻译时一般不需要改变它在原句中的顺序, 如下列:

1、He said that he didn’t like Mary.

译:他说他不喜欢玛丽。

2、Tell me what you see.

译:告诉我你看见了什么。

3、I want to know how you finished the job in such a short time.

译:我想知道你是如何在这么短的时间内完成这项工作的。

(二) 用it作形式宾语代替宾语从句的复合句, 翻译时that引导的宾语从句一般可按原文顺序翻译, it不译出来, 如下列:

1、He made it quite clear that he preferred to study English.

译:他说得很明确他宁愿学习英语。

2、I take it for granted that you will take part in the party.

译:我想你是会来参加晚会的。

但有时在译文中也可将that引导的宾语从句前译, 如下例:

1、I regard it as an honour that I was chosen the captain.

译:我被选为队长, 感到光荣。

2、I owe it to you that I can go to the university.

译:我能上大学, 全靠你。

三、表语从句的翻译

英语中表语从句的译法跟宾语从句一样, 一般来说可按原文顺序翻译, 如下例:

1、The problem is who we can get to replace her.

译:问题是我们能找到谁去替换她呢。

2、That is what he meant.

译:这就是他的意思。

3、That’s where he lives.

译:那就是他所住的地方。

4、This is when I really got to know the United States.

译:这时我才真正认识了美国。

5、His first question was whether Tom hat arrived yet.

译:他的第一个问题是汤姆是否到来。

6、His view of the press was that the reporters were either for him or against him.

译:他对新闻界的看法是, 记者不是支持他, 就是反对他。

四、同位语从句的翻译

同位语是用来对名词 (或代词) 作进一步解释的句子成份。同位语可以是单词, 短语或从句。同位语从句所修饰的词 (先行词) 多为抽象名词, 其关联词多为that。在此先谈一下同位语从句的译法。

(一) 同位语从句不提前译, 如下例:

1、She expressed the hope that she would come over to visit China again.

译:她表示希望再到中国来访问。

2、Where did you get the idea that I could not come?

译:你在哪听说我不能来?

(二) 同位语从句提前译, 如下例。

1、The fact that the money has gone does not mean it was stolen.

译:那笔钱不见了这一事实并不意味着是被偷了。

2、Have you heard the news that Mary is going to have a baby?

译:你听说玛丽要有孩子的消息吗?

3、The hope that he may recover is faint.

译:他复原的希望是渺茫的。

(三) 增加“即” (或“以为”) 或用冒号, 破折号分开, 如下例:

1、But it ignores the fact that it may rain tomorrow.

译:但却忽略了这一点, 即明天有可能下雨。

2、I should like to say to you one important thing, you should go slow in this matter.

译:我想和你说一句重要的话:在这件事上你应当慢慢来。

3、And there was the possibility that a small electrical spark might accidentally bypass the most carefully planned circuit.

译:而且有这种可能——一个小小的电火花, 可能会意外地绕过了最为精心设计的线路。

谈完同位语从句的译法, 再顺便简单谈一下单词, 短语作同位语的译法。

(一) 说明身份, 称号的同位语在英语中往往放在其所修饰的专有名词之后, 译成中文时则一般放在专有名词之前, 如下例:

1、Tom, our English teacher, is from England.

译:我们英语老师汤姆来自英格兰。

2、According to Jack, my cousin, Mary has gone to Canada.

译:根据我表兄杰克的叙述, 玛丽已到加拿大去了。

3、John, my father-in-law, has been working in that factory for more than 20 years.

译:我岳父约翰在那家工厂已工作了20多年。

(二) 限制性同位语以及形容词, 数词等作进一步说明的同位语在英语中往往放在先行词后面, 翻译时一般不需改变其位置, 如下例:

1、That theory was advanced by the famous Chinese grammarian Zhang Dao-zhen.

译:那条理论是中国著名语法家张道真提出来的。

2、She has been to all the theatres in this city, big or small.

译:这个城市里的戏院她都到过, 大的也罢, 小的也罢。

(三) 原文中有些同位语, 翻译时往往需要作适当扩充或加破折号, 冒号等, 如下例:

1、She is pleased with only one boy, my wife’s younger brother.

译:她只对一个男孩满意, 也就是我妻子的弟弟。

2、There are three very large rivers in Africa, the Congo, Niger and Nile.

译:非洲有3条很大的河:刚果河.尼日尔河和尼罗河。

3、In future prose, two fields are certainly sure to find cultivation, the field of the essay and the field of the sketch.

摘要：笔者多年在高校从事英语语法和翻译教学工作, 在教学实践中, 切身感受到名词性从句的翻译非常具有灵活性。有些可按原句的句序翻译, 有些则不然, 而要采取一些其它方法处理, 本文主要阐述名词性从句不按正常句序的翻译方法。

关键词：主句,从句,句序,前译,后译

参考文献

[1]张培基、喻云根:《英文翻译教程》, 上海外语教学出版社。

[2]范仲英:《实用翻译教程》, 外语教学与研究出版社。

名词性从句中的what从句篇3

★一：句首what式，引导主语从句，意义为：所------的事（人）

1 （08山东 23） __________ was most important to her, she told me, was her family.

A.ItB.ThisC.WhatD.As

2(08 福建 27)_________ is known to us all is that the 2008 Olympics Games will take place in Beijing.A.ItB.What C. AsD. Which

3(07 福建35)It is none of your business _______ other people think about you. Believe yourself.

A. how B.what C. whichD. when

4(07全国Ⅱ17)_________ matters most in learning English is enough practice.

A. What B. WhyC.Where D. Which

5(06山东 27)__________ team wins on Saturday will go through to the national championships.

A.No matter whatB. No matte which C. WhateverD.Whichever

★二：Be动词后的what从句，引导表语从句，意义为：所------的事（人）

6 He isn’t _________ he used to be now.

A.thatB.how C. whatD.which

7(06全国Ⅰ23)See the flags on top of the building? Thatwas _______ we did this morning.

A. when B.which C. whereD.what

★三：介词后的what从句，引导宾语从句，意义为：所------的事（人

8 （08浙江6） Some children want to challenge themselves by learning a language different from ________ their parents speak at home.

A.whatB. thatC. whichD. one

9(08重庆 25) People in Chongqing are proud of ________ they have achieved in the past ten years.A. that B.which C. whatD. how

10(07江苏 25) Choosing the right dictionary depends on ________ you want to use it for.

A. what B. whyC.how D.whether

11(07安徽 33) You can only be sure of ________ you have at present; you cannot be sure of something that you might get in the future.

A.thatB.what C. whichD. /

12(2005山东 26) The shopkeeper did not want to sell for ________ he thought was not enough.

A.whereB.how C. whatD. which

★四：动词后的what从句，引导宾语从句，意义为：所------的事（人

13（08北京30） The companies are working together to create ________ they hope will be the best means of transport in the 21st century.

A.whichB. thatC. whatD.who

14(08湖南 29) When asked _________they needed most, the kids said they wanted to feel important and loved.

A. what B.why C. whomD. which

15(07天津 15) The seaside here draws a lot of tourists every summer. Warm sunshine and soft sands make __________ it is.

A.whatB.which C. howD. where

16(06全国Ⅱ16)--- What did your parents think about your decision?

--- They always let me do __________ I think I should.

A. when B.that C. howD.what

五：平时常见what如下习语，值得同学们熟悉，变通应用：

1.Ais to B what C is to D A之于B来说就如同C之于D一样

Air is to us what water is to fish.

2.what one is 一个人的为人

what one has一个人的财富

A man’s worth lies not so much in what he has as what he is.一个人的价值与其说在于他的财富，不如说在于他的为人。

3. what you call 所谓

what is called所谓

He is what is called a walking dictionary.他就是人们所谓的一本活字典。

4. what with A and( what with) B半因为-------半因为------

What by A and(what by) B半用--------半用------

What with the wind and what with the rain ,his return was put off.有风又有雨，他的回程受耽搁。

5. what is more而且

what is worse跟糟糕的是

考研英语长难句中的名词性从句篇4

名词性从句即咱们经常用到的宾语从句，表语从句，主语从句和同位语从句。在考研英语中不是难点，却是高频语法之一，所以也需要引起我们的足够重视。

主语从句：

1. That the seas are being overfished has been known for years.（-3-2）

总所周知，海洋正在被人们过度捕捞。

上面这个例子是相对比较简单的主语从句，在实际应用中，主语从句通常以it做形式主语，而把真正的主语置后，请看下面的句子：

2. It has long been known that a taxi firm called AAAA cars has a big advantage over Zodiac cars when customers thumb through their phone directories. （-2-2）

解析：It has long been known that…是一个固定句式，他的意思是“长久以来人们都知道…”其中it是形式主语，真正的主语是that从句；从句本身又是一个复合句，开始是主句 a taxi firm called AAAA cars has a big advantage over Zodiac cars ，其中分词结构called AAA cars 是后置定语，修饰firm,后面的when 引导一个时间状语从句。英语中为了避免头重脚轻，通常把较长的主语放在句子后面，而以放在句首的形式主语it代替它。翻译为：“人们早已知道在客户翻阅电话簿时，名叫AAAA的出租汽车公司要比Zodiac出租汽车公司有很大的优越性。”

宾语从句：

1. Do you remember all those years when scientists argued that smoking would kill us but the doubters insisted that we didn’t know for sure?（-2-1）

解析：这个句子主句是Do you remember all those years，when引导的时间状语从句中又有两个宾语从句。翻译为：“还记得科学家们认为吸烟会致人死亡，而那些怀疑者们却坚持认为我们无法对此得出定论的时候吗？”

同位语从句：

1. Such behaviour is regarded as “all too human,” with the underlying assumption that other animals would not be capable of this finely developed sense of grievance.（2005-1-1）

解析：主句为Such behaviour is regarded as “all too human,”逗号之后的介词短语with the underlying assumption…作伴随状语，assumption后免得that引导一个同位语从句，解释前面的名词assumption。翻译为：“这种行为被看作是“人之长情”，其潜在的假定其他动物不可能具有如此高度发达的`不公平意识。”

一般的同位语从句都由that引导，而且紧跟在解释的名词后面，但有时，也会为了避免头重脚轻，放在其他位置，这就需要考生的注意了。

2. Concerns were raised ______ witnesses might be encouraged to exaggerate their stories in court to ensure guilty verdicts.

[A] what [B] when [C] which [D] that

解析：这个题选D。因为空后面的句子不缺成分，其他连词在句中都做成分，而that不做成分。“人们日益担心，证人可能会因此而受到鼓励，在法庭上夸大事实以保证陪审团对被告做出有罪的判决。”

考研英语名词性从句篇5

◆典型陷阱题分析◆

1.She was so angry and spoke so fast that none of us understood _______ he said meant.A.that B.what

C.that that D.what what 【陷阱】可能误选B。许多同学一看选项首先就排除了C和D，认为这样两个“引导词”叠用的情况不太可能。在A和B两个选项中，选项A肯定不行，因为它引导宾语从句时不能充当句子成分，所以便选择

了B。

【分析】正确答案选 D。第一个what 用作动词 meant 的宾语，第二个what 用作动词 said 的宾语，即在 none of us understood what what he said meant 中，none of us understood 为主句，what what he said meant 为宾语从句，而在此宾语从句中又包括有 what he said 这样一个主语从句。

2.After _______ had happened he could not continue to work there.A.which B.how C.what D.having

【陷阱】可能误选A。

【分析】最佳答案选 C。有的同学误选A，是因为认为介词后应接关系代词 which，但实际上，若填关系代词，其前没有先行词，这根据不是一个定语从句。另外，由于 had happened 缺主语，所以B和

D也不能选。请再做下面一题(答案选B)：

He pointed to ______ looked like a tomb and said, “Ghost.”

A.that B.what C.which D.as 3．“Is ______ you want to say?” asked the teacher.A.this B.that C.all that D.that all

【陷阱】根据中文字面意思误选A或B。

【分析】最佳答案选 D。假若选A或B，那么转换成陈述句即为：This is you want to say./ That is you want to say.显然句中的两个谓语动词 is与want相冲突。选D组成的句子是 Is that all you want to say? 其中的that 为句子主语，all 为表语，you want to say 为定语从句，用以修饰all。

4.“When ______ leave for Japan?” “When ______ leave for Japan is kept secret.”

A.they will, will they B.will they, they will C.they will, they will D.will they, will they 【陷阱】可能误选D，认为 when 后应用疑问句词序。

【分析】最佳答案选 B。第一个when引出的是一个特殊疑问句，故用疑问词序；第二个 when 引出的是主语从句，故其后用陈述句词序。请做以下试题(答案选C)：

(1)None knows if _______ that boy, but if _______ him, her parents will be disappointed.A.she will marry, she will marry B.she marries, she marries C.she will marry, she marries D.she marries, she will marry(2)“Where _______ go to work?” “Where _______ go to work is not known.”

A.we shall, we shall B.shall we, shall we C.shall we, we shall D.we shall, shall we 5.Someone is ringing the doorbell.Go and see ______.A.who is he B.who he is C.who is it D.who it is

【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选。

【分析】此题最佳答案为D。首先可以排除A和C，因为空格处实为一个宾语从句，所以不能用疑问句词序。另一方面，但按英语习惯，当用于指代身份不明的人时，要用代词it，而不用 he 或she等。

比较以下两句：

Mr Smith is at the door.He wants to see you.史密斯先生在门口，他想见你。Someone is at the door.It may be the postman.有个人在门口，可能是邮递员。第一句因前面指明了是 Mr Smith，所以后面用代词 he；而第二句因前面用的是不定代词

someone，说明此人身份尚不明确，故其后用了代词 it 来指代。

6.Don’t you know, my dear friend, ______ it is your money not you that she loves?

A.who B.which C.that D.what 【陷阱】此题容易误选 A或B：选 A 的同学认为这是指人的，故用who；选B的同学认为这是非限制性定语从句，两者都是误认为这是定语从句(注意没有先行词)。

【分析】其实答案应选C。that引导的是一个宾语从句，用作动词 know 的宾语，它只是被句中的插入语 my dear friend 隔开罢了。请做以下试题(答案均为C)：

(1)Everyone knows, perhaps except you, _______ your girl-friend is a cheat.A.who B.which C.that D.what(2)I think, though I could be mistaken, ______ she liked me.A.who B.which C.that D.what

(3)He told me the news, believe it or not, ______ he had earned $1 000 in a single day.A.that B.which C.as D.because 前面两题 that 引导宾语从句，后面一题 that同位语从句(修饰the news)。

◆精编陷阱题训练◆

1.They lost their way in the forest, and _______ made matters worse was that night began to fall.A.it B.which C.that D.what 2.Patience is a kind of quality — and that is ___A___ it takes to do anything well.A.what B.which C.which D.how 3.It has come to my notice _______ some of you have missed classes.A.what B.which C.that D.when 4.“What were you trying to prove to the police?” “___ I was last night.”

A.That B.When C.Where D.What 5.Country life gives him peace and quiet, which is ______ he can’t enjoy while living in big cities.A.that B.why C.where D.what 6.It is pretty well understood _______ controls the flow of carbon dioxide in and out the

atmosphere today.A.that B.when C.what D.how 7._______ she couldn’t understand was ______ fewer and fewer students showed interest in her

lessons.A.What;why B.That;what C.What;because D.Why;that 8._______ we are doing has never been done before.A.That B.What C.Which D.Whether

9.People have heard _______ the President has said;they are waiting to see _______ he will do.A.how, how B.what, what C.when, how D.that, what 10.When you answer questions in a job interview, please remember the golden rule: Always give

the monkey exactly _______ he wants.A.what B.which C.when D.that 11.These wild flowers are so special I would do _______ I can to save them.A.whatever B.that C.which D.whichever 12._______ she was invited to the ball made her very happy.A.What B.That C.When D.Because 13.Eat ______ cake you like and leave the others for ______ comes in late.A.any, who B.every, whoever C.whichever, whoever D.either, whoever 14.I had neither a raincoat nor an umbrella._______ I got wet through.A.It’s the reason B.That’s why C.There’s why D.That’s because 15.____ has helped to save the drowning girl is worth praising.A.Who B.The one C.Anyone D.Whoever 16._______ medicine works in a human body is a question _______ not everyone can understand

fully.A.How;that B.That;which C.That;which D.What;that

【答案与解析】

1.选D。what made matters worse 是主语从句(注意其后有谓语动词was)，相当于 the thing that

made matters worse。

2.选A。what 引导的是表语从句，相当于 the thing that it takes to do anything well。

3.选C。that 引导的是一个主语从句，句首的it为形式主语。

4.选 C。答句为省略句，其完整形式为 I was trying to prove to the police where I was last night，在此 where 引导的是一个宾语从句。类似地，下面选 C：

“_______ made her struggle to become an artist so hard?” “______ she was a woman.”

A.What, What B.That, That C.What, That D.That, What 5.选D。what 引导的是表语从句，what 在此相当于 the things that。

6.选 C。句首的 it 是形式主语，空格处所填词用于引导主语从句。由于该主语从句中又缺主语，故排除A、B、D。（注意：不能选 A，因为 that 引导名词性从句时不能充当句子成分）7.选 A。第一空填 what，是因为该主语从句中的动词 understand 缺宾语；why 和 because 均可引导表语从句，其区别是： why 引导表语从句强调结果，because 引导表语从句强调原因。句中空格

后文表明的是结果，故用 why。

8.B。what 在此引导主语从句且在从句作宾语，它相当于 the thing that。

9.B。两空均填 what，均用于引导宾语从句，因为两个宾语从句中的动词 said 和do 均缺宾语，而在各个选项中只有 what 可用作宾语。

10.选 A。what 引导宾语从句。由于动词 wants 缺宾语，所以填 what。句意是：当你找工作面试回答问题时，请记住这条黄金定律：永远给予对方确实想要的东西。

11.选 A。I can to save them 为 I can do to save them 之略，此句中的 do 缺宾语，故选

whatever。

12.选 B。that 在此引导主语从句，无词义，也不充当句子成分。注意不要根据中文意思选 D，因

为 because 不用于引导主语从句。

13.选 C。两个空格处均为引导宾语从句的引导词，而四个选项中两者可引导宾语从句的只有 C。14.选 B。比较 That’s why… 与 That’s because…：前者用于强调结果，后者用于强调原因。如

下面一题选 D：

I got wet all through._______ I had neither a raincoat nor an umbrella.A.It’s the reason B.That’s why C.There’s why D.That’s because

15.选 D。由 is worth praising 这一谓语可知前面是主语从句，排除不能引导从句的 B 项和 C 项；whoever 引导主语从句表示“任何……的人”，在此它相当于 anyone who。

考研英语名词性从句篇6

1.(2012·高考大纲卷)That evening，________ I will tell you more about later，I ended up working very late.A．thatB．whichC．whatD．when

2．(2012·高考天津卷)I wish to thank Professor Smith, without ________ help I would never have got this far.A．whoB．whoseC．whomD．which

3．(2012·高考福建卷)The air quality in the city, ________ is shown in the report, has improved over the past two months.A．thatB．itC．asD．what

4．(2012·高考福建卷)We promise ________ attends the party a chance to have a photo taken with the movie star.A．whoB．whomC．whoeverD．whomever

5．(2012·高考湖南卷)Everyone in the village is very friendly.It doesn’t matter ________ you have lived there for a short or a long time.A．whyB．howC．whetherD．when

6．(2012·高考浙江卷)I made a promise to myself ________this year，my first year in high school，would be different.A．whetherB．whatC．thatD．how

7．(2012·高考浙江卷)We live in an age ________ more information is available with greater ease than ever before.A．whyB．whenC．to whomD．on which

8．(2012·高考四川卷)In our class there are 46 students，________ half wear glasses.A．in whomB．in themC．of whomD．of them

9．(2012·高考江西卷)It suddenly occurred to him ________ he had left his keys in the office.A．whetherB．whereC．whichD．that

10．(2012·高考安徽卷)A lot of language learning，________has been discovered, is happening in the first year of life, so parents should talk much to their children during that period.A．asB．itC．whichD．this

11．(2012·高考北京卷)Jerry did not regret giving the comment but felt ________ he could have expressed it differently.A．whyB．howC．thatD．whether

12．(2012·高考北京卷)When deeply absorbed in work, ________ he often was，he would forget all about eating or sleeping.A．thatB．whichC．whereD．when

13．(2012·高考山东卷)Maria has written two novels，both of ________ have been made into television series.A．themB．thatC．whichD．what

14．(2012·高考山东卷)It doesn’t matter ________ you pay by cash or credit card in this store.A．howB．whetherC．whatD．why

15．(2012·高考江苏卷)After the flooding，people were suffering in that area，________ urgently needed clean water，medicine and shelter to survive.A．whichB．whoC．whereD．what

16．(2012·高考重庆卷)Sales director is a position________communication ability is just as

important as sales skills.A．whichB．thatC．whenD．where

17．(2012·高考新课标卷)It is by no means clear ________ the president can do to end the strike.A．howB．whichC．thatD．what

18．(2012·高考陕西卷)It is the third time that she has won the race, ________ has surprised us all.A．thatB．whereC．whichD．what

专题九定语从句和名词性从句

1．B 考查定语从句，句意：那天晚上，我工作到很晚，因此我将晚些时候告诉你关于它更多的一些事情。本题中应发现about与evening在从句中存在着介宾关系，故判断该从句是定语从句，应使用关系代词，故D项错。A项that不能引导非限制性定语从句，C项what不能引导定语从句。故B项正确。

2．B 句意：我希望能感谢史密斯教授，没有他的帮助，我就不会取得这样的成就。考查定语从句引导词。

3．C 考查非限制性定语从句，as指代主句内容，其它三项无此用法。句意：这些城市的空气质量在过去的两个月里已经得到改善，正如在报告中所提到的。

4．C 考查名词性从句。promise后需一个宾语从句，从句中缺少主句，因此B、D错误。根据句意可知选C。

5．C 句意：村里的每一个人都很友好，无论你在这里住的时间长短都没有关系。本题考查名词性从句。句首的It是形式主语，此处需要的是一主语从句；根据句意，此处并不需要“为什么”、“如何”或“什么时候”等时间状语，所以排除A、B、D，答案选C。

6．C 句意：我对自己许诺，今年，也是我上高中的第一年将是新的一年。考查同位语从句。故选C。

7．B 句意：我们生活在一个比以前更能轻松掌握更多信息的时代。考查定语从句。age指时间，at/in an age在某时代，故D项错，所以选B。

8．C 句意：我们班有46名学生，他们中的一半戴眼镜。本题考查非限制性定语从句，故先排除B、D两项。介词of可表范围，故答案为C。

9．D 句意：他突然想起来他把钥匙落在办公室里了。本题考查主语从句。that 引导的主语从句后移，由 it 作形式主语置于句首，由于从句中不缺句子成分，故选D。

10．A 句意：正如所被发现的那样，许多语言学习出现在幼年时期，因而那时父母应多与孩子交谈。考查as非限制性定语从句，可放句首，也可放句中。

11．C 句意：Jerry并不后悔所给出的评判，但是感觉到本可以用另一种方式来表达。本题考查宾语从句，在宾语从句中，该空只起连接作用并不作成分，且该从句为陈述句，所以选that。

12．B 句意：他过去经常这样，当沉浸于工作时常常会达到废寝忘食的地步。该题考查which引导的非限制性定语从句。________ he often was补充完整为：he often was deeply absorbed in work，故用which来代指逗号前面提到的句子内容，所以选B。

13．C 句意：Maria已经写了两部小说，都被拍成了电视连续剧。本题考查定语从句。both of which引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是novels，故选C项。

14．B 句意：在这家商店，你用现金或信用卡付款都没关系。本题考查主语从句，whether与or连用引导主语从句，it作形式主语。

15．B 句意：洪水过后，那个地区的人们遭受了很多痛苦，急需干净的水，医药和避难所。本题考查定语从句。定语从句缺主语，故排除where，what，只能指代上面的情境；which，指物。而此处应指people，故选who。

16．D 句意：销售厂长是一个交际能力和销售技能同等重要的一个职位。本题考查定语从句。先行词position在从句中作地点状语，“在这个职位上”交际能力和销售技能同等重要。

17．D 句意：总统会采取什么措施来结束罢工，现在一点也不明朗。本题考查主语从句。it是形式主语，what引导的从句是真正的主语，并且what在从句中作do的宾语。故答案为D项。

名词性从句考点精讲精练篇7

一、名词性从句的判定方法

在一篇语篇型语法填空中, 若空格所在句子含有两套主谓结构, 这说明命题人是在考查从句。此时, 考生首先需要使用括号划出从句。划括号时要从空格前面开始 (因为空格要填引导从句的连词) 划出整个从句。具体办法是:如果空格在最前面, 则括号划到第二处谓语动词前;如果空格在句中, 则括号通常划到句末。然后考生可以根据划出的从句在整个句子中所处的位置和所作的成分判断是哪一种从句。那么, 名词性从句在语篇中如何判断呢?下面分别举例说明 (括号已经划出) 。

【典例1】I truly believe (______beautycomes from within) . (2015年北京卷)

解析:从句在谓语动词believe后, 所以考查的是宾语从句。从句中不缺少任何成分, 只陈述了一个事实, 因此应用that引导。

【典例2】Reading her biography, I was lostin admiration for (______Doris Lessing hadachieved in literature) . (2015年陕西卷)

解析:从句在介词for后, 所以考查的是宾语从句。从句中谓语动词had achieved缺少宾语, 所以应用what引导从句并在从句中作宾语。

【典例3】A ship in harbor is safe, but that’snot (______ships are built for) . (2015年安徽卷)

解析:从句在系动词is后, 所以考查的是表语从句。表语从句中的介词for后缺少宾语, 故应用what引导, what与for连用, 表示目的。

【典例4】The manager put forward a sugges-tion______we should have an assistant.There istoo much work to do. (2016年天津卷)

解析:从句在名词suggestion后, 名词后考查的可能是定语从句, 也可能是同位语从句。根据句意可知, 后面的从句是对suggestion的解释说明, 而不是修饰限制, 故为同位语从句。而且从句成分和意思都是完整的, 故用that引导。that不作成分, 只起连接作用。

【典例5】 (______we understand things) hasa lot to do with what we feel. (2015年北京卷)

解析:从句在句首, 且位于第二处谓语动词has前, 所以考查的是主语从句。从句中主干齐全, 根据句意可知, 主语从句中缺少方式状语, 因此填how。

二、名词性从句连接词的选用

利用加括号的办法判断出从句为名词性从句后, 可以依据“从句中缺什么成分补什么成分”的原则选用连接词。

1.使用连接代词。

当名词性从句中缺少主语、宾语或表语时, 使用连接代词。常用的有what, who (m) , whoever, which, whose等。what根据不同语境和所表示的意思可以灵活翻译成“……的 (话、东西、地方、时候、样子等) ”;who具有疑问意义, 意思是“谁”;whoever没有疑问意义, 意思是“……的任何人”, 相当于anybody who;which意思是“哪一个”;在句中作定语时用whose。

【典例1】If you swim in a river or lake, besure to investigate______is below the water sur-face.Often there are rocks or branches hidden inthe water. (2015年浙江卷)

解析:what。动词investigate后面接的是宾语从句。分析宾语从句的成分可以发现, 空格处所作的成分是主语。名词性从句中缺少主语并且指物用what引导, 此处意思是“……的东西”。

【典例2】How much one enjoys himselftravelling depends largely on______he goeswith, whether his friends or relatives. (2010年四川卷)

解析:who。介词on后面接宾语从句, 从句中介词with后缺少宾语, 应填连接代词。根据后面的“whether his friends or relatives”可知应该表示和谁去, 故填who。

2.使用连接副词。

当名词性从句中主干齐全, 根据意思缺少状语时, 使用连接副词。常用的有when, where, why和how, 分别表示时间、地点、原因和方式。这些连接副词既起连接作用, 本身又作从句的状语。

【典例1】We must find out______Karl iscoming, so we can book a room for him. (2015年重庆卷)

解析:when。find out后面接宾语从句, 从句中主干齐全, 根据后面的“we can book aroom for him”可知缺少时间状语, 故填when。

【典例2】You have to know______you’regoing if you are to plan the best way of gettingthere. (2015年湖南卷)

解析:where。know后面接的是宾语从句, 从句中主干齐全, 根据后面句子的意思可知缺少地点状语, 故填where。

【典例3】The exhibition tells us______weshould do something to stop air pollution. (2015年四川卷)

解析:why。tell是接双宾语的动词, 因此此处应填宾语从句的连接词。从句中主干齐全, 根据意思可知缺少原因状语, 故填why。

【典例4】—I wonder______Mary has kepther figure after all these years. (2015年福建卷)

—By working out every day.

解析:how。动词wonder后接宾语从句。从句中主干齐全, 根据答语中表示方式的介词短语by的回答, 可知填how。

3.使用从属连词。

当名词性从句主干齐全, 又不缺少状语时, 使用从属连词引导。从属连词有that, whether和if。当从句中不缺少成分, 陈述一件事实时, 用that引导;当从句中不缺少成分, 有“是否”的含义时, 用whether或if引导。whether与if在引导动词后的宾语从句时, 两者一般可以互换, 但在下列情况下一般只能用whether, 不用if:引导主语从句并在句首时;引导表语从句时;引导从句作介词宾语时;从句后有“or not”时;后接动词不定式时。因此, 在引导名词性从句表示“是否”意思时, 建议大家使用whether。

【典例1】It is often the case______any-thing is possible for those who hang on to hope. (2016年江苏卷)

解析:that。本句中it是形式主语, 真正的主语是后面连接词引导的主语从句。根据句意可知, 后面的句子陈述的是一个事实, 不缺少任何成分, 故用that引导。

【典例2】The most pleasant thing of therainy season is______one can be entirely freefrom dust. (2016年北京卷)

解析:that。is后跟表语从句, 表语从句中主干齐全, 不缺少成分, 陈述事实, 因此用that引导。

【典例3】The little girl asked her father______she should go to the party or not.

解析:whether。ask后接双宾语, 因此空格处引导宾语从句。从句中主干齐全, 根据句意可知, 本空有“是否”的含义, 且后面有or not, 故填whether, 不能使用if。

三、巩固练习

(一) 单句语法填空

1.As large numbers of Chinese flocked to Japan to pay thousands for toilet lids, it was a surprise to many people______the smart toilet lids on sale in Japan were actually made in China.

2.First-class players of football must haveexcellent ball control, but it is not just______they do with their feet that counts.

3.—Shall I go to the party if I don’t haveto dress up?

—Of course you can, actually, it doesn’tmatter______you’re dressed.

4.______we’ll go camping tomorrowdepends on the weather.

5.I don’t doubt______he has the ability to deal with the situation, but______the problem can be solved quickly depends on his attitude.

6.A new shopping centre will be built in______the old fish market used to be.

7.—Have you told your parents about yourdecision?

—Not yet.I can hardly imagine______they will react.

8.Don’t forget______it was that helpedyou out when you were in trouble.

9.Although he has become wealthy, MrWood remains______he used to be, modest andfriendly.

10.The Peony Pavilion, a play written byTang Xianzu, is______many people regard asthe most romantic story in Chinese literature.

11.A recent study, while showing a general-ly positive attitude towards the new industry, also suggests a widespread concern______itmay be“running out of control”.

12.______makes the book so extraordi-nary is the creative imagination of the writer.

13.Do not let any failures discourage you, for you can never tell______close you may beto victory.

14.Grandma pointed to the hospital andsaid, “That’s________I was born.”

15.“Every time you eat a sweet, drinkgreen tea.”This is________my mother used totell me.

16.The best moment for the football starwas________he scored the winning goal.

17.The only way to succeed at the highestlevel is to have total belief________you arebetter than anyone else on the sports field.

18.The how-to-book can be of help to________wants to do the job.

19.After six hours’drive, they finallyreached______they thought was the place theyyhad been dreaming of.

20.It suddenly hit him______he had lefthis umbrella in the taxi on his way home.

21.—Was it______he said or all that hedid______let you down, Joan?

—No, not really.

22.That art center is______used to be afactory, ______millions of tractors were made.

23.My pen-friend, Peter, wrote to me, expressing the hope______he would come toBeijing to see the 2008 Olympic Games.

24.I still couldn’t understand______themachine would work, so I asked him to explainit to me.

25.The police finally got to______wasonce an old temple______the villagers used asa school.

26.“You can’t choose what life you willhave, ”said Tai Lihua, a deaf leading dancer, “but you can choose your attitude towards life.”And this is______I completely agree.

27.Actually, girls can be______they wantto be just like boys, whether it is a pilot, an astro-naut, or a general manager.

28.If you feel tired and sick of fatty foods, that is______you have to go to the hospital fora medical examination.

29.The award should be given to______makes great contributions to the film industry.

30.Jacob is always ready to offer a helpinghand and that’s______he has a good reputation.

31.—What impressed the interviewersmost?

—______he could speak three foreign lan-guages so fluently.

32.His writing is so confusing that it’s dif-ficult to make out_______it is that he is tryingto express.

33.I made a promise to myself_______this year, my first year in high school, would bedifferent.

34.The notice came around two in the after-noon_______the meeting would be postponed.

35.As many as five courses are provided, and you are free to choose_______suits youbest.

36.The last time we had great fun was______we were visiting the Water Park.

37.It is pretty well understood_______controls the flow of carbon dioxide in and outthe atmosphere today.

38.—I drove to Zhuhai for the air show lastweek.

—Is that_______you had a few days off?

(二) 语篇语法填空

阅读下面材料, 在空白处填入适当的内容 (1个单词) 或括号内单词的正确形式。

(一) 单句语法填空

1.that。it是形式主语, 主语从句后置, 从句中不缺少成分, 陈述事实, 故用that引导。

2.what。what引导主语从句, 同时又在从句中作do的宾语。

3.how。根据句意可知, 你如何着装没有关系, 故填how引导主语从句。

4.Whether。根据句意可知空格处表示“是否”, 引导主语从句用whether, 不用if。

5.that;whether。“I don’t doubt”意为“我不怀疑”表示肯定意义, 故其后用that引导宾语从句, 陈述一件事实;“但是问题是否能快速解决取决于他的态度”, 故用whether引导主语从句。

6.what。介词in后接宾语从句, 从句中used to be后缺少表语, 故填what。

7.how。imagine后接宾语从句, 从句中主干齐全, 根据句意可知, 缺少表示方式的状语, 故填how。

8.who。forget后接宾语从句, 从句中使用了强调结构, 强调的是主语, 表示人, 故填who。

9.what。remains后接表语从句, 从句中used to be后缺少表语, 根据“modest and friend-ly”可知, 此处表示“……的样子”, 故填what。

10.what。what引导表语从句, 同时在从句中作regard的宾语。

11.that。that引导同位语从句, 用以解释、说明concern的内容。

12.what。根据句子结构可知, 空格处引导的是主语从句, 从句中缺少主语且指事物, 故填what。

13.how。动词tell之后为宾语从句, 根据意思和修饰形容词close可知, 应使用how。

14.where。根据“pointed to the hospital”可知是地点, 故表语从句要用where来引导。

15.what。is后接表语从句, tell是后接双宾语的动词, 故用what引导表语从句, 在从句中又充当tell的宾语。

16.when。was后面是表语从句, 从句中主干齐全。由句意可知表语从句表达时间, 因此使用when, 意为“……的时候”。

17.that。从句位于名词后, 是对名词belief的解释和说明, 故该空后是引导belief的同位语从句。从句中不缺任何句子成分, 陈述事实, 只能用that引导。

18.whoever。介词to后接宾语从句, 从句中缺少主语, 故用whoever引导宾语从句, 相当于anyone who。

19.what。动词reach后接宾语从句, theythought是插入语, 从句中缺少主语, 故填what。

20.that“。It suddenly hit sb.+that从句”是固定句式, 其中it作形式主语, 真正的主语是后面that引导的句子, 这样做的目的是为了避免头重脚轻。

21.what;that。这是一个强调结构与主语从句结合考查的题目。分析句子结构可知, 强调的是句子的主语, 主语从句中的动词said后缺少宾语, 故用what引导;第二空是构成强调结构的that。

22.what;where。is后接表语从句, 由于从句中缺少主语, 用what引导;第二空是非限制性定语从句, 修饰先行词factory。由于factory在定语从句中作地点状语, 故用where引导。

23.that。名词hope后接同位语从句, 表示hope的内容, 且从句中不缺少任何成分, 陈述事实, 用that引导。

24.how。understand后接宾语从句, 从句中主干齐全, 根据句意可知表示方式, 应使用how引导宾语从句。

25.what;that/which。got to后接宾语从句, 从句中缺少主语, 故用what引导;第二空引导的是定语从句, 先行词temple在后面的定语从句中作动词used的宾语, 故使用关系代词that或which引导。

26.where。空格处引导表语从句, 并在从句中作地点状语, 故填where。此题不可填what, 因为agree是不及物动词, 其后没有宾语。

27.whatever。空格处引导表语从句, 并在从句中作be的表语。根据句意可知, 此处表示职业, 因此用whatever, 不用whoever。

28.when。空格处引导表语从句, 从句中主干齐全, 根据句意可知, 表示时间, 故填连接副词when。

29.whoever。介词to后接宾语从句, 且从句中缺少主语, 并且意思相当于anybody who, 故填whoever。

30.why。is后接表语从句, 从句中主干齐全, 根据意思可知, 此处表示原因, 故填why。

31.That。根据对话可知, 答语部分的句子相当于问句中的what, 作主语, 是主语从句。从句中主干齐全, 陈述了一个事实, 故用that引导。

32.what。分析句子结构和意义可知, 本题考查宾语从句和强调句。express后面缺少宾语, 故填what。

33.that。此处是that引导的同位语从句, 用来解释说明a promise的具体内容, 同时从句中不缺少成分, 且句意完整, 所以用that引导。

34.that。分析句子结构和成分可知, “______the meeting would be postponed”是notice的同位语从句, 解释说明notice的具体内容, 从句不缺少成分, 所以用that引导。

35.whichever。动词choose后接宾语从句, 从句中缺少主语, 表示在一定范围内选择某一个用whichever, 不能用whatever。

36.when。was后接表语从句, 从句中主干齐全, 根据句子意思可知, 此处表示时间, 故填when。

37.what。分析句子结构可知, it是形式主语, 后面是主语从句。主语从句中缺少主语, 故用what引导。

38.why。第二个句子是一般疑问句, 还原为陈述句后可以发现is后面接表语从句, 从句中主干齐全, 根据对话的语境可知此处表示原因, 故填why。

(二) 语篇语法填空

【文章大意】本文记叙了“我”在餐馆看到了一位穿着朴素的男士在吃完饭后用一张100万英镑付款的故事。

1.that/which。考查定语从句。从句在名词后, 修饰限制thing, 应用定语从句, 从句中缺主语, 指物, 故应填that或which。

2.who。考查宾语从句。动词knew后接宾语从句, 从句中缺少表语, 根据句意可知应填who。

3.why。考查宾语从句。动词wondered后接宾语从句, 从句中主干齐全, 根据句意可知表示原因, 故填why。

4.whether/if。考查宾语从句。动词doubted后接宾语从句, 从句中主干齐全, 根据句意可知表示“是否”的意思, 故填whether或if。

5.whether/if。考查宾语从句。动词asked后接宾语从句, 从句中主干齐全, 根据句意可知表示“是否”的意思, 故填whether或if。

6.that。考查宾语从句。从句中不缺成分, 陈述事实, 故填that。

7.whether/if。考查宾语从句。动词asked后接双宾语, 从句中不缺成分, 结合句意可知有“是否”的意思, 故填whether或if。

8.what。考查主语从句。空格处的连词引导的从句作couldn’t be的主语, 从句中的动词showed缺少一个宾语, 指物, 故填what。

9.Why。考查主语从句。从句中主干齐全, 根据句意可知表示“原因”, 故填why。

全面剖析名词性从句篇8

其用法相当于名词的从句叫名词性从句。根据它在句中不同的语法功能可分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句等。如：

Where cars will be parked in the future is a question. （主语从句）

I think that watching TV too much is bad for people’s health. （宾语从句）

Wenchuan is not what it used to be after the earthquake. （表语从句）

Along with the letter was his promise that he would visit me this coming Christmas. （同位语从句）

2. 名词性从句应注意的几个问题

（1）引导词。引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类：①that ②if / whether ③wh-疑问词。引导词必须位于名词性从句的最前面。

（2）语序。名词性从句采用陈述句语序，即“主语＋谓语”。如：

I really don’t know_____I kept the secret papers.

A. where was it

B. it was where that

C. where it was that

D. where was it that

【解析】 C考查宾语从句。根据引导词一定要位于从句的最前面，排除B项；又因为要用陈述句语序，排除A和D项，故C项正确。

（3）时态一致。当主句的谓语动词是一般现在时时，从句的谓语动词可根据情况使用各种时态；当主句的谓语动词是一般过去时时，如果从句表述的不是一个客观事实或真理，其谓语动词也必须用某种过去时态。如：

The man insisted that the lady_____his wallet and that she_____to the police station.

A. steal； should be taken

B. stole； be taken

C. stole； should take

D. should steal； should take

【解析】 Binsist后接宾语从句表示“坚持……，主张……应该……”（即该动作尚未发生）时，从句谓语动词用“（should）＋动词原形”，should可省略；insist意为“坚持说……，认为……”，表示事实时，从句谓语动词根据情况选择使用适当时态。由本句句意可知第一个that从句表示的是“坚持说……”，而主句谓语动词是一般过去时，根据时态一致原则第一空应用一般过去时，排除A和D项；第二个that从句表示“主张……”，故选B。

1. 名词性从句中that与what的区别

① When faced with life-and-death decisions，

a teacher can be expected to do is to protect students with his or her own life.

A. thatB. what

C. howD. whether

【解析】 B考查主语从句。本题主语从句中连接词作宾语，排除作状语的how和不充当句子成分的whether。that引导主语从句时在句中也不充当成分，故选择B。

② It is difficult to fill the kids’ minds with the idea_____they must love study.

A. whichB. what

C. whetherD. that

【解析】 D名词idea后的从句不缺少句子成分，由此可断定是同位语从句，故选择连接词that。

点拨名词性从句中that与what的区别是：

（1） that在名词性从句中不充当句子成分，只起连接作用；而what在名词性从句中不仅起连接作用，也充当句子成分，如主语、宾语、表语等。

（2） that在主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句中不可以省略，但如果有两个或两个以上的宾语从句并列时，第二个从句（及以下）中的that不可以省略。如：

She said （that） she had left school and that her parents would find her a job.

2. 名词性从句中的it作形式主语或形式宾语

① Why don’t you bring_____to his attention that now students are bearing too heavy a study load？

A. itB. this

C. thatD. what

【解析】 A考查it作形式宾语的用法。“that now

students are bearing too heavy a study load”是真正的宾语。that和this不能作形式宾语。

②_____disappeared as time went on that he was afraid of climbing high mountains.

A. ItB. That

C. WhatD. Which

【解析】 A考查it作形式主语的用法。句中that引导的从句是真正的主语。

点拨在名词性从句中，为了保持句子的平衡，往往用it作形式主语或形式宾语，而把真正的主语或宾语放到后面，尤其是that引导的主语从句常用it作形式主语。

（1）动词find，feel，consider，make，believe等后面有宾语补足语时，需要用it作形式宾语，而将that宾语从句后置。如：

I think it necessary that we drink plenty of hot water every day.

（2）主语从句一般位于句首，但有时可以用it作形式主语，而把主语从句后置。这种用法通常用于“It’s+名词/形容词/过去分词+主语从句”句型中。如：

It’s reported that the president would come to visit our school.

It’s certain that he will attend the meeting.

3. 名词性从句中whether与if的区别

you go or stay at home won’t make any difference.

A. IfB. When

C. ThatD. Whether

【解析】 D考查主语从句。本句不缺任何成分，排除作状语的when；if不能引导主语从句，也排除。whether引导主语从句时只起连接作用，虽有意义，但不充当句子成分，故选D。

点拨whether与if表示“是否”时的区别：

两者都没有实际意义，在引导宾语从句时，可以互换使用；但在引导主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句以及介词后面的宾语从句或后面紧跟or not时通常只能用whether，而不能用if。

4. 在某些动词后的宾语从句或这些动词的过去分词后的主语从句，以及这些动词的名词形式引导的表语从句和同位语从句中，谓语部分常用“（should）+动词原形”。常见的此类动词有：insist，order，command，suggest，advise，demand，require，request等。

I advised that he_____to the hospital at once， but he insisted that he_____quite well then.

A. be sent； was feeling

B. was sent； felt

C. be sent； feel

D. should be sent； should feel

【解析】 Aadvise后接的宾语从句的谓语动词用“should+动词原形”；insist在句中意为“坚持说……”，其后的宾语从句根据时态一致原则采用一般过去时。

5. whoever，whichever，whatever引导名词性从句与引导让步状从句的区别

Word comes_____free books will be given to_____come first in this book fair.

A. which； no matter who

B. that； anyone who

C. which； whoever

D. that； whoever

【解析】 D“Word comes that ...”意为“消息传来说……”，that引导的同位语从句中含有一个介词后的宾语从句。whoever引导宾语从句，在此相当于“those who ...”，但不能替换为no matter who。

点拨whoever，whichever，whatever可引导名词性从句和让步状语从句。引导名词性从句时，不可由no matter who，no matter which，no matter what替换，因为后者只能引导让步主语从句。值得注意的是whoever引导名词性从句时，通常相当于anyone who或those who；whatever引导名词性从句时相当于anything that。

难点一：连接词多，难以确定

多数名词性从句的连接词都有其特定意思，且在从句中充当句子成分。请参看下表：

注意：that在名词性从句中只起连接作用，不充当句子成分，其本身没有实际意义，在主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句中不能省略，引导宾语从句时可以省略。

点拨解题时应先分析名词性从句意义是否完整，确定应使用有意义的连接词还是无意义的连接词，然后再根据从句所缺成分及连接词的意义确定连接词。

① The media today can draw public attention to

help is actually needed.

A. thatB. which

C. whereD. whose

【解析】 C考查介词后的宾语从句。分析宾语从句句子成分可知，从句是主系表结构，缺少地点状语，故选C。

②All the books I have are here. You may borrow_____you like.

A. whateverB. whichever

C. wheneverD. however

【解析】 B考查宾语从句。从句中缺少宾语，应用连接代词，排除作状语的C和D项。whatever意为“任何……的事物”，不符合题意，也可排除。选择B。

难点二： what考题结构复杂，语义抽象

I lived in_____you call “Ancient Greece” and I used to write about the Olympic Games a long time ago.

A. whatB. which

C. thatD. where

【解析】 Ain后的宾语从句中缺少call的宾语，应用连接代词，排除作地点状语的where；that在宾语从句中不充当句子成分，也不合题意；而which语义不符。

点拨what引导的名词性从句是常考易错点。what除表达具体明确的“所……的东西/事”外，还可以表示“……的时间/地点/人/速度”等抽象意义，难度较大。注意解题时不能仅根据汉语意思选择连接词。

难点三：同位语从句和定语从句的区分

Information has been put forward_____ more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities.

A. whileB. that

C. whenD. which

【解析】 B从句不缺少句子成分，是同位语从句，故选择that作连接词。

点拨同位语从句和定语从句的区别：

同位语从句对名词加以补充说明，是名词内容的体现，且名词和同位语从句的连词均不在从句中充当成分；定语从句对名词加以限制，是名词内容的修饰性定语，且定语从句的关系词在从句中必定充当句子成分。解题时应先分析从句和先行词之间是同位关系还是修饰关系：如果为同位关系则属于同位语从句，如果为修饰关系则是定语从句。

难点四：名词性从句中的插入成分

When you are reading， make a note of_____ you think is of great importance.

A. whichB. that

C. whatD. when

【解析】 C考查名词性从句。介词of后的宾语从句中you think是插入语，从句中缺少主语，故排除D项。which语义不符，而that在从句中不充当句子成分，故选择C项。

点拨有插入语的情况多出现在宾语从句中，常见的插入语有：he thought， you think， I think / suppose / believe等。遇到这种情况时，删除插入语会更容易选出正确答案。

【自我检测】

1. Thanks to the application of new farming methods， the output is now six times_____it was before 2000.

A. thatB. what

C. whichD. how

2. Kevin consulted his teacher about_____he should study abroad after graduation..

A. whetherB. where