护理英文自荐信（精选11篇）
How do you do!
First of all, thank you in spite of being very busy toglance ZhanKan my recommendation.Im XX school of nursing XXXX th graduates.Our school since school, has been kept the good tradition of scholarship.In such a academic atmosphere, innovation spirit more dense environment, with teachers strict requirements and personal efforts, after two years of professional course of study and a year of clinical practice, has a relatively solid professional knowledge and the clinical experience, and the overall quality is distinctly improved.Training a keen observation.The correct judgment, ability to work independently, rigorous, sureness working attitude.And with attentive, love, patience and responsibility to patients.To adapt to the development of the holistic nursing care needs.So Im confident of our own future.I love nursing career, look forward very much to you for this under the leadership of a glorious career building, and work to keep learning and progress.Finally, please accept my sincere gratitude!
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关键词：医学期刊,文献著录,问题分析,对策
参考文献是学术论文的重要组成部分, 是作者对他人研究成果中的理论、观点、资料和方法的引用和借鉴, 对文章内容起着支持、佐证和揭示其信息来源的作用。[1]随着人们信息水平和学术水平的提高, 人们越来越多地借鉴一些国外参考文献, 引用他们的新观点。但是由于作者对英文参考文献著录格式的不了解、不重视, 使文献著录存在较多差错, 影响了文献的管理和文章质量, 从而给期刊也带来负面影响。已有许多编辑同仁对英文参考文献中存在的问题进行总结和分析, 但多较局限, 多针对作者、题名、刊名或卷期著录问题单项分析。本文从文献的整体出发, 对《护理实践与研究》初审录用稿件中英文文献著录存在的常见问题进行分析, 以更好地规范外文参考文献, 促进交流, 提高论文的整体质量。
一、数据来源
随机选择《护理实践与研究》2014年6月至2015年6月初审录用稿件240篇, 其中著录参引文献218篇, 共引用2490条参考文献, 其中英文文献495条, 存在错误108条。主要错误涉及刊名、卷期和页码的著录。审稿过程中将英文参考文献按照作者、题名、刊名、出版年卷期、起止页码5个著录项来统计参考文献错误类型并分析。
二、常见问题分析
(一) 外文作者名书写引用不当
1. 姓名颠倒或没有缩写。
作者名是参考文献著录的第一项, 外文参考文献作者姓名与我国作者姓名的书写存在差异, 英语中国家姓名书写习惯为名在前姓在后, 所以在引用英文文献时, 应将作者的姓放在前, 并且写全称, 名字简写。[2]这样便于读者用该文献在各种中、外数据库中进行进一步检索、查阅, 同时也是参考文献著录时必须遵守的规则。而一些参考文献著录中将作者的名放前, 姓在后, 如Kartrin Hoffmann书写为KartrinnH, 正确书写应该为Hoffmann K。
2. 名字著录格式不正确。
按照参考文献著录标准, 作者姓名著录不超过3个, 超过三个的要加“et al”, 一些稿件将作者名全部注入, 如Park HJ, Lee SY, Lee CS, Youm W, Lee KR, 应该在第3个名字后面加et al。
3. 删除前缀或复姓。
在外文的文献中还存在一些特殊的情况, 当出现文献作者姓名中有父子同名、姓名前缀、双名或复姓等特殊情况时, 作者不免困惑。 (1) 作者姓氏中包含Mc, de, des, du, la, dal, von, van, den, der等前缀时, 有两种情况:一种与姓氏合为一词, 如Stenven Mc Loon;还有一种与姓氏分开的, 如Junior des Santos。应将前缀和姓作为一个整体, 按字顺排列, 词间空格和大小写字母不影响排列。如MCloon s, DOSSANTOS J。O′也是一种前缀, 如Maeve O′Conner可写成:O′Conner M。 (2) 还有一种作者姓氏是“-”连在一起的复姓, 这样的姓氏是个整体不能分开写或缩写时略去其中一个, 如Fuh-Wen Shiue, 可写成Shiue F-W。 (3) 另外国外某些期刊要求在作者名后给出作者职称, 如Kathleen Brown, MD;Sharon E.Mace, MD;Ann M.Dietrich, MD, 其中MD表示该作者是医学博士, 应缩写为Brown K, Mace SE, Dietrich AM。但作者可能不了解这些情况, 以为是复姓, 而直接保留Kathleen Brown, MD;Sharon E.Mace, MD;Ann M.Dietrich, MD, 这就不规范。
(二) 文章名书写不完整、不正确
在审校的过程中, 编辑应该对每篇文章的参考文献进行核实, 一般英文参考文献都在Pub Med上核实, 我们发现, 按文章名搜索一些文章搜索不到, 如果按作者名查询就会查到, 这在查询参考文献时经常遇到, 经对比核实, 发现文章的某些单词书写不完整、不正确, 或单词分家。还有一些文献文章名与作者及期刊不一致。
(三) 英文刊名著录不标准
对于英文期刊刊名的著录, 应尽量采用统一的形式, 但由于作者对英文期刊刊名的缩写知识了解不够, 常出现缩写错误。如刊名著录不统一, 同篇文章中, 相同刊名的著录有的用缩写, 有的用全称。对于西文期刊刊名的缩写《规则》中虽然未设立具体条款, 但原则上指出可参照ISO4[3]的规定, 一种期刊应在其文后参考文献英文刊名著录格式上力求统一。[4]在刊名著录时应该遵循以下几点: (1) 刊名为一个实词命名时不缩写。当期刊名仅为一个单词时, 应全称著录, 而不能缩写, 如Nature、Science等, 但在校稿过程中, 发现作者将这些名称缩写著录为“Nat”“Sci”。 (2) 期刊名中的冠词、介词和连词缩写时一般应删除, 如Journal of Nursing Education应缩写为J Nur Edu。但是有一些在缩写期刊明时将“J”也省略, 是错误的。 (3) 学科名称缩写, 刊名的首字母组合, 通常国际上影响较大并被众所检索工具认同的期刊, 可采用首字母组合。如American Journal Roentgenology缩写为AJR, 在审稿过程中遇到这种简写可不必修改, 使用缩写即可。
(四) 出版卷期页码著录不完整
一是外文文献中有时同一期刊一年的卷数有所不同, 不仅有合期还有合卷的, 或者是页码太大。常常凭想当然对其进行一些删除或修改, 结果使文献变得无从查找。 (1) 一般期刊通常为每年出版1卷, 也可以1年出版多卷或多年出版1卷的, 也有的期刊不设卷而是以年份代卷次[3], 均符合GB T3179—92《科技期刊编排格式》的规定。对于国外英文期刊, 由于其“卷号”的设置非常灵活, 很难从单篇文献中确定该被引期刊是否是一年1卷, 因此, 建议在引用英文期刊时, 均保留“卷号”的著录, 以更加准确和全面地反映英文文献的出版信息, 方便读者查询。在审稿的过程中编辑应该注意核查。如Lancet杂志年卷期标注:2000 Jun 3;355 (9219) :1931-1935. (2) 期刊页码数较大。一些国际性学术期刊载文量非常大, 并且每年出版的期数多, 每期的页数也多。因此每期连续编排的页码数也就越来越大。 (3) 单篇文章页数多。国外一些期刊文章尤其是专题或综述类文章篇幅较长, 多达几十页, 并且国外期刊或数据库习惯上将止页码与始页码中相同的百位数或千位数省略。因此在审校的过程中我们发现作者著录时常把页码数引错。如标题Primary mucinous eccrine adenocarcinoma of the skin in a 69-year-old man, 这篇文献在Pub Med中标志为“Chirurgia (Bucur) .2010, 105 (1) :109-11.”。实际上的页码应为“109-111”作者以为这两个数就是实际页码, 就倒过来著录, 写成“11-109”。
二是在审校过程中我们还存在一些页码前带字母的。最为多见的就是“S”。实际上这是国外期刊的增刊, 为了与正刊区分而在页码前加S。由于国内期刊的页码编排是以阿拉伯数字连续编码, 因此, 一些期刊编辑为了符合参考文献的著录规则, 而将其删除。还有一些文章较长时一般会分节处理。正文页码用阿拉伯数字编排, 参考文献、索引等用R、I加阿拉伯数字连续编排, 附录ABC……的页码则用A、B、C….加阿拉伯数字连续编排, 以示区别。如Flanigan MJ, Rocco MV, Frankenfield D, et al.1997 peritoneal dialysis-core indicators study:dialysis adequacy and nutritional indicators report[J].Am J Kidney Dis.1999 Jun;33 (6) :e3。e3则代表附录中的页码。有时编辑对这些知识不了解, 而把e直接删除, 这样所引内容与文献就不一致了。
(五) 所引文献与其内容不符
由于作者的英文水平受限, 部分所引观点内容与文献的内容不符, 或者干脆是从别人引用的地方拷贝过来, 而没有认真核对, 这样就使参引与文献不符合。这个对于编辑来说也是核查的难点, 逐一查证是否完全正确也不现实。
三、对策
英文文献著录存在问题较多, 相关文献报道英文文献错误率高于中文文献[6], 要减少参考文献的错误, 首先要加强作者对著录参考文献的重视, 其次编辑也要认知到核查参考文献的重要性。
(一) 运用各种形式加强作者的学习
大多数作者对参考文献的著录格式还是有一定的了解的, 但是由于英文水平有限, 对英文参考文献不完全认识, 还有的则是从其他文献中直接转引过来的。因此遇到有问题的英文参考文献时也不容易发现, 而使文献存在问题, 这就需要编辑人员的准确判断和核对修改。但是从根本上, 如果作者对英文参考文献著录格式有所了解, 在引用时可提高正确率, 那么就能提高编辑的工作效率从而提高文章的整体质量。因此, 我们应该从作者入手, 让作者正确掌握英文参考文献的著录格式, 我们可以在网站上开辟一些相关的专栏, 上传一些有关有英文参考文献的著录知识等, 或者在稿约中举例一些常用英文文献的著录格式, 以供作者参考。同时要求作者在投稿前一定要根据原文认知核对参考文献, 以体现对学术认知严谨的态度。
(二) 编辑应加强学习
作为编辑人员应加强自身的学习, 熟练掌握文《文后参考文献著录规则》[1], 查阅和参考英文文献时, 以国家标准为依据, 规范参考文献的著录格式。编辑人员在审读时要有敏感性, 对于参考文献著录不完全者, 编辑人员应准确校对并加以补充, 英文文献的作者或题目有误者要核对, 并给予改正, 使文献著录完整、正确。 (1) 广泛阅读相关专业的英文文献, 通过学习、查阅、积累和总结, 不断提高自己的英语水平。 (2) 参加中国科技期刊编辑学会等机构举办的期刊英文编辑培训班, 掌握期刊英文编辑方面的知识和要求。 (3) 有条件的编辑部可以聘请专门的英文审读专家对英文内容进行把关和润色, 编辑人员要有意识地对英文审读专家审读后的内容进行总结和学习, 从而提高自身的英语水平。
(三) 学会利用互联网
网络数据库中有许多信息资源都是共享的, 我们应该充分利用网络平台, 学会运用各种搜索引擎查找文献。
(四) 学会使用参考文献管理软件
随着网络技术的发展和网络信息的查找利用, 参考文献的类型也越来越多, 其管理工具也将越来越多。目前国内常用的参考文献管理软件有End Note和Note Express。参考文献管理工具的使用使得科研工作者查找、保存、管理、引用参考文献和撰写论文变得方便起来。[7]
四、结语
参考文献是论文的重要组成部分, 是不可或缺的一部分。一篇优秀的论文不是凭空想象而成的, 都是经过了实践及实验, 并在参考大量文献的基础上而创作出来的。作者和编辑都应该充分认识参考文献的重要性, 借鉴文献的创新性和时效性。在借鉴文献时应该养成良好的习惯, 认真核对。
通过分析我刊英文文献著录中存在的问题发现, 这些问题有些是作者著录不当造成, 有些是编校过程中编辑核对不够认真、仔细造成的。如果参考文献存在错误, 会给读者的查询带来很大的麻烦, 也违背了作为编辑应有的“严谨”的科学态度。因此作为一名编辑, 在编校英文文献的过程中, 要时刻保持怀疑和严谨的态度, 若发现英文文献标注得不符合常规, 切勿随意修改, 一定要与作者联系, 让作者提供源文献, 或者利用互联网及数据库等平台仔细查询, 尽量杜绝作者标错或编者改错的情况。
总之, 除了让作者熟悉参考文献著录规范外, 编辑人员应该加强学习, 积累经验, 学会借鉴检索工具勤于查验, 避免错误的出现, 使文献更加规范。尤其是医学参考文献更应具备其严谨性, 并采取切实措施加以改进, 以提高医学科技期刊出版规范水平, 从而也给期刊进入国际检索系统提供方便。
参考文献
[1]文后参考文献著录规则:GB/T7714—2005[S].北京:中国标准出版社, 2005.
[2]李欣欣, 姜瑾秋, 王丽, 等.医学期刊论文参考文献著录常见问题分析及对策[J].现代情报, 2009 (8) :172-173, 176.
[3]ISO 4:1997 Information and documentation:rules for the abbreviation of title words and titles of publications[S].3rd ed.Geneva, Switzerland:International Organization for Standardization, 1997.
[4]张铁明, 颜帅, 程朋军.科技期刊文后参考文献英文刊名著录问题[J].编辑学报, 2009 (5) :461-462.
[5]科技期刊编排格式:GB/T3179—1992[S]//科学技术期刊有关法规和标准选编.北京:中国科技技术期刊编辑学会, 2002:84-86.
[6]马文军, 孙守增, 刘洪涛, 王佳.作者修回稿参考文献错误统计分析及应对建议——以《地球科学与环境学报》为例[J].中国科技期刊研究, 2012 (4) :600-602.
distinguished leadership of your company:
hello, thank you very much in his busy schedule to take some time to read my university, i always to improve their overall quality as the goal, all-round development of self-direction.establish a correct outlook on life, values, and worldview.ideologically, i treat them sincerely and fine style of work, loving the motherland, and firmly supported comrade hu jintao as the core of the correct leadership of the cpc central committee and resolutely oppose to split the motherland for all the lawless elements.“bao jianfeng from sharpen out plum incense from cold to” is my university to learn continuously.in addition to conscientiously study nc professional, but also to obtain a scholarship to study at different levels.in order to enhance their own capacity, i also participated in the southwest technologywith undergraduate diplomas.learning is important, the annual winter and summer vacations to allow me to participate in social practice, which greatly foster self-reliance of my life and social practice.learn: i often participate in physical training, basketball, badminton are my great love.time flies, with young and knowledge i am about to embark on work experience may mean that there is no young, but the young have a passion and aggressive officers.i firmly believe that after graduation i will overcome all kinds of difficulties for the realization of self-worth the struggle.self person: lai right are
july 11, xx
Dear School Leadership:
Hello!
Thank you for your busy schedule to read my. Liaoning Institute of Technology I am a 200 English language and culture tend to professional students, will graduate in July this year. House as a result of the teachers who is from an early age I was a good family education, but also for the cause of teachers has always been filled with great enthusiasm, eager to look forward to your leadership, for this glorious and great cause plus licking bricks watts, and continuous learning in practice and progress.
Honesty, integrity, diligence and pragmatism is the principle of my many years of school life, I formed a good style and advanced ideas, concepts, and have a unique way of thinking, harmonious interpersonal relationships. University life and to further strengthen the cultural knowledge of my self-cultivation, and create a good psychological quality, and effectively I have a down-to-earth style of life and the principle of self-regulate.
prerequisite of its browser. Mentorship in the strict lessons and personal efforts, I have a solid foundation of professional knowledge, to master a number of skills. In each semester of the exam have achieved excellent results and one-time in September 20xx through the four English professional examinations, and achieved good results, can ease the use of computer software, familiar with WORD, EXCEL and other office software. Participate actively in the schools, the activities of the Organization Department of the School Games a success on many occasions.
At the same time, I am very focused on all aects of their quality, ability to train and actively participate in various social activities, seize the opportunity to exercise their own. Weekdays, I tutor after school hours engaged in work, so far the whole three years, as it has in the travel guides, and has been widely praised, leave alone to do during the course of English. Therefore, a large number of professors have a certain degree of social experience and practical ability. Also, because of language, literature and love of learning in Japanese is also a slight contribution.
Building 5 Room303 Yan’an University
YangJialing Street,Baota District, Shaan Xi, P.R.C
+86***
429892268@qq.com
Dear Yan’an University Fushu Middle School,My name is Gao Ru.In my American teacher’s class, I also got an English name Serina which means calm.I think, in some sense, it is the description of my character.I was born in ShenMu, Shaan Xi province of China.There are four children in my family and I am the second daughter.I am always grateful to my parents for giving me sisters and brothers.It makes me no more loneliness.Since my parents are always busying with the livelihood, I know how to take care of my little brother and sister from early time, and I am pretty good at doing housework.Life makes me independent and strong.During holiday usually I assist my parents in a small shop where sells the flour, rice and edible oil.I also do part-time jobs as a tutor for middle school students in weekends, which benefit me a lot.Last summer, I attended the summer work and travel program which teach me a lot.In the spare time, I enjoy myself in listening music, watching movies, and playing ping pang.Music relaxes me, movies give me border horizon and ping pang keeps me heath.I also love reading novels, especially historical novels and love stories, for I believe history makes people smart and love makes people warm in heart.I think I am half introvert and half extrovert.Sometimes, I think this kind of character is pretty good.It helps me make a lot of friends both introvert and extrovert.I hope in the future can make more friends, especially international friends.Currently, I am a senior student in Yan’an University which is the first comprehensive university established by CCP in 1927.During these four years in this old university, I have been working hard and doing well in my course.I have passed the national computer Access two level tests，and I am trying my best to pass the TEM8.I have good command of written and spoken English.I can communicate with others freely in English, which should owe to my teachers.I am also able to converse in simple Japanese.As far as I am concerned, English is a tool.Learning English seems as if practicing a
以下是标准英文自荐信，仅供参考！
Dear Sir,In reference to your advertisement in the Jobspower.com for a outdoor director, I believe that I have the qualifications to fit your position.I hold a degree in physical Education from ABC University.Along with my physical education courses, I also selected many coursed in psychology and child management.During the summers, I worked as a volunteer playground director in Outdoor Campsite at Sai Kung.In the summer of 1998, I was an assistant in charge of organized sports for youngersters in Northen New Territories.The year after that, I was placed in charge of a large summer program for under privileged children in Hong Kong.My supervisor during this time was Mr.William Jones, the Director of Northern Affairs.He has consented to act as a reference for me.My additional experience includes working as a leader in 13th Scout Troop for the years of 1994 to the present time.In this position I am responsible for the programs in all the scout troop, including all organized recreation, sports and scout skills.If you feel that I am suited for the job that you have in mind, please inform me of the time convenient for an interview.I hope to hear from you in the near future.Sincerely yours
xiexiebang
我从xx年开始进入xx公司，最初我是一个技术员，然后在第二年被提升为team leader,在2007年又被提升为assistant supervisor，我想，这是对我工作的肯定和鼓励。工作期间，我工作努力并且提供了很多好的建议去降低装配时间以及增强产品可靠性，解决了很多棘手的问题，特别是在产品在中国生产之初，除了我日常的工作外，我还为现场工程师（FE)提供了大量的现场支持和电话支持,这些让我理解实践了售后服务的方针，另一方面，我也在客户服务中展示了我专业的技能，良好的态度和沟通技巧，我想这是作为一个服务人员所基本的要求。我有丰富的故障排除经验，特别是在电气方面。我非常熟悉AA机器的组装和故障排除，对BB机器有基本的了解和操作经验。尽管我在BB机器的维修方面暂时还不精通，我想，通过培训它将不会花太长的时间去精通，因为我是一个能快速学会且有斗志的人。我希望能继续在XX公司服务，因为它是一个有着悠久历史和良好企业文化的公司，更重要的是，我在XX公司一直完善我自己。
Here I’d like to take this opportunity to recommend myself to be transferred to XX department。I feel I’m competent to be a
个人英文自荐信模板
dear sir or madam,now and then corporations send out feelers for just the right type of creative person.this person must fit any criteria.usually, after all is said and done, the corporation wants a person who can manage, create and communicate.an active youth is just around.on my graduation from college recently, i am eager to gain a
position that will offer me opportunities and also changes.i thought perhaps you would keep me in mind for a possible opening.i am strong, optimistic ,dynamic and honest.during my education, i have grasped the principals of my major and skills of practice.not only have i passed cet, but more important i can communicate with others freely in english.my ability to write and speak english is out of question.moreover, i have had benefited much from my part-time jobs.a copy of my antecedents is enclosed for your reference.i would appreciate your time in reviewing my enclosed resume and if there is any additional information you require, please contact me.i would welcome an opportunity to meet with you for an interview.very truly yours,fu zuying
enclosed resume
Dear Sir or Madam,Now and then corporations send out feelers for just the right type of creative person.This person must fit any criteria.Usually, after all is said and done, the corporation wants a person who can manage, create and communicate.An active youth is just around.On my graduation from college recently, I am eager to gain a position that will offer me opportunities and also changes.I thought perhaps you would keep me in mind for a possible opening.I am strong, optimistic ,dynamic and honest.During my education, I have grasped the principals of my major and skills of practice.Not only have I passed CET, but more important I can communicate with others freely in English.My ability to write and speak English is out of question.Moreover, I have had benefited much from my part-time jobs.A copy of my antecedents is enclosed for your reference.I would appreciate your time in reviewing my enclosed resume and if there is any additional information you require, please contact me.I would welcome an opportunity to meet with you for an interview.Very truly yours,Fu Zuying
Dear Sir,
I have seen your advertisement in the for an accountant, and should be grateful if you would consider a short account of my character and capabilities.
For the last two years I have been employed as a junior accountant by a firm of import and export merchants where the wide field of work to be covered has given me a good all-round knowledge of accounts. To supplement my practical knowledge, I have taken an evening course in the Hong Kong Polytechnics. I feel that you could safely entrust a set of books to my care.
You will find enclosed a testimonial from the Head Professor of Hong Kong Polytechnics who has kindly offered to provide you with any further details you may require.
I trust that you will consider this application favourably and I wish to assure you that I should make every effort to be worthy of the confidence you may place in me.
Dear Dr. Anderson,
Mr.Li Quanzhi who has just returned to China from your university informed that you are considering the possibility of offering a Chinese language course to your students in the next academic year and may have an opening for a teacher of the Chinese language. I am very much interested in such a position.
I have been teaching Chinese literature and composition at college level since 1980. In the past three years, I have worked in summer programs, teaching the Chinese language and culture to students from English-speaking courtries. As a result ， I got to know well the common problems of these students and how to adapt teaching to achieve the best results.
With years of intensive English training, I have no difficulty conducting classes in English and feel queit comfortable working with American students.
I will be available after February .Please fell free to contact me if you wish more information. Thank you very much
for your consideration and I look forward to hearing from you.
Sincerely yours,
Shi Hongqi
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