英语教程2作业2

英语教程2作业2（通用6篇）

英语教程2作业2 篇1

（二）1.（调查报告）是针对现实中出现的较重大的问题，为了解情况、澄清事实、制订解决问题的政策措施、总结典型经验，指定专人或派出调查组，深入实际调研后写成的书面报告。(填空)30

2.每封商务信函在本质上都是（促销信），都是在推销着企业的产品、企划、形象，都要用心表达，以提高企业的商誉，扩大企业的商机。(填空)147

3.学术论文的写作要领中提到，（署名）是文权所有和文责自负的体现。(填空)314

4.《××大学关于改革毕业生就业工作情况的调查报告》属于(A)。(单选)31

A.新生事物的调查报告B.典型经验的调查报告C.揭露问题的调查报告D.反映社会基本情况的调查报告

5.招标书的主体不包含(D)。(单选)138

A.招投标办法B.文件编号C.招标范围D.招标单位的基本情况

6.自然科学的综合方法不包括(B)。(单选)226

A.系统论方法B.逻辑论方法C.控制论方法D.信息论方法

7.科研报告中的最高层次是(D)，它既综合前人的成果，又预测未来情况，有其特殊的地位。(单选)267

A.专题研究报告B.综合研究报告C.实地调研报告D.可行性论证报告

8.文章式计划的常规结构由哪些部分组成(ABCD)。(多选)5

A.标题B.正文C.落款D.时间

9.调查报告的种类有(ABCD)。(多选)31

A.新生事物的调查报告B.典型经验的调查报告C.揭露问题的调查报告D.反映社会基本情况的调查报告

10.收束性思维又称(ACD)。(多选)

A.收敛式思维B.辐射性思维C.集中性思维D.求同性思维

11.庆贺信以书面信函形式发出或直接送达，不能在报刊上登载或广播、电视等大众传媒上传播。(判断)错189

12.科研成果鉴定一般结合项目审查同时进行。申报国家三等奖以上的项目，应专门请其他单独组织鉴定。(判断)错 201

13.体现科技论文的专业性，就是要把学术讨论的范畴局限于自身的专业领域之内。(判断)错206

14.辩证逻辑是由一个或几个判断推出一个新判断的思维形式，也是人们深化认识、得出结论、获得新知识的主要方法。(判断)错

15.科技成果鉴定应符合哪些条件？(简答)20

1（三）

1.证明信是以组织或个人名义证明某人的身份、经历或者证明有关事情的真实情况的专用书信。(填空)

2.一般期刊是指未被评价体系确认和权威机构指定为核心期刊的科技期刊。(填空)

3.人们习惯于把应用于自然科学领域的学术论文称为科技论文，把应用于社会科学领域的学术论文称为文科论文。(填空)

4.科研工作的起点环节是(A)。(单选)A.选题 B.立项 C.评审 D.鉴定

5.《现代隧道技术》属于(C)。(单选)A.综合性科学期刊 B.学术性科学期刊 C.技术性科学期刊 D.检索性科学期刊

6.对文献标引和检索查询具有主要作用的是(B)。(单选)A.标题 B.关键词 C.前言 D.摘要

7.题文一致，题文相符，这是论文标题的什么要求(B)。(单选)A.具体 B.确切 C.醒目 D.简洁

8.一般商务信函信头部分包括(AB)。(多选)A.文书编号 B.发文者姓名 C.主题 D.问候

9.一般资料、文献所包括的类型(ABCD)。(多选)A.纸张型 B.缩微型 C.声像型 D.智能型

10.科研报告可分为(ABD)。(多选)A.专题研究报告 B.综合研究报告 C.实地调研报告 D.可行性研究报告

11.对简报的外观形式国家有明确规定，要严肃庄重、朴素大方。(判断)正确 错误

12.感谢信称谓要写出受感谢单位的全称或受感谢个人的姓名，并加冒号。(判断)正确 错误

13.企业如果建立了企业形象识别系统，发出商务信函，就要使用印有企业形象标识的信纸和信封，而不要使用空白信纸。(判断)正确 错误

14.被列入的参考文献应该只限于那些著者亲自阅读过和论文中引用过，而且正式发表的出版物或其他有关档案资料，包括专利等文献。(判断)正确 错误

15.还价信在写作上要注意哪些内容？(简答)

第一，还价信是双方平等地进行沟通，是相互间的协商与交流，双方都可以使用以表达自己的看法或要求。第二，还价信的要点要针对商品交易中有争执的相关信息，不牵扯其他问题，内容要做到对事不对人。第三，信中用词用语不能强硬，更不能用胁迫的语气。

（四）（满分）

1.调查报告主体部分由调查情况和研究结果两部分组成。(填空)35

2.联营协议书是指双方或多方共同出资、共同生产经营、共享所得利益、共担风险的协议书。(填空)133

3.演绎推理是从一般性的道理推出个别事物的道理的方法，也就是从一般到特殊的一种思维过程。(填空)227

4.标明制定计划的单位名称和具体时间的是(D)。(单选)6

A.前言B.主体C.结尾D.落款

5.经济问题是较复杂的，那就要求把复杂问题加以具体分析，找出关键性的问题，这就是拟写经济形势分析报告要注意(D)。110

A.善于从方针政策高度来分析经济活动B.要突出重点，明确分析的对象

C.符合经济活动的客观规律D.抓主要矛盾，解决重点问题

6.招标书的主体不包含(D)。(单选)138

A.招投标办法B.文件编号C.招标范围D.招标单位的基本情况

7.科技论文的论题、论点、论据、论证之间的联系一环扣一环，循序撰写，这体现了科技论文的(B)。(单选)206

A.可读性B.逻辑性C.简洁性D.实用性

8.庆贺信正文内容大体包括(ABCD)。(多选)190

A.祝贺之由B.祝贺之情C.祝贺的意义D.希望和勉励

9.论文写作中对收集的资料的要求包括(ABCD)。(多选)238

A.真实性B.相关性C.新颖性D.充分性

10.科技论文的语言必须是科学的语言，应具有(ABD)。(多选)254

A.准确性B.简明性C.生动性D.规范性

11.一般可将有约定内容的邀请信看成商务信函中的日常联络文书。(判断)191对

12.辩证逻辑是由一个或几个判断推出一个新判断的思维形式，也是人们深化认识、得出结

论、获得新知识的主要方法。错226

13.科技报告以阐述作者的科学见解为目的，而科技论文则以陈述科研工作的经过与结果为目的。(判断)错259

14.阶段性成果总结报告，由于是向上级机关和有关单位和专家的成果总结汇报，所以其在写法上有其独特的要求。(判断)对272

英语教程2作业2 篇2

关键词：英语专业,作业

一、布置精读课外作业的原则

精读课外作业要具有多元性,兼顾听说读写译各个方面。由于英语专业二年级精读是一门综合基础课程,不管是从教材设计还是课程目标设定,都需要包括英语专业基本技能。二年级课程在巩固一年级学过内容。同时,兼顾为三年级的专业课做好铺垫和引入。精读课外作业要具有创新性, 即要求英语教师在教学活动当中,对各个环节有所突破,有所创新,不因循守旧。网络化教学方式和教学理念日渐成熟,教师可以借助各种网络平台实现网络化作业布置。英语作业的布置也可以不再局限在书面作业,它可以是音频、视频或是网上资料搜集等等。呈现形式也不是只有传统文字形式,可以是自己录制音频,甚至是视频。精读课外作业要具有趣味性。兴趣是最好的老师,最好的学习动机是学生对所学材料有内在的兴趣,它让学生产生愉悦的感情,满怀乐趣的继续钻研下去。教师应当多设计一些学生感兴趣而又不是太难的作业,让学生学有所乐、学有所成,确保师生花费最少的时间,取得最大可能的教学效果。作业设计的多样性可以激发学生的学习兴趣,培养学生灵活运用知识的技能,增进其思维灵活性和敏感性。

二、精读课外作业内容设计的原则

书面和口头相结合。现代英语教学改革对英语口头表达能力的要求越来越高,课外对听说能力的培养显得尤其重要,这就要求作业中含有适量英语日常交际用语、情景对话、角色扮演等等。书面作业除结合课本内容以外还要兼顾学生的应试需要,比如大二下学期就要进行英语专业4级考试(TEM-4)。以《综合教程》第三册UNIT 9 Chinese Food, 口头作业可以设计为服务员和顾客的情景对话、在餐厅给外国朋友介绍中国饮食文化等,书面作业可以设计为A letter of complaint to a restaurant。输入和输出相结合。大部分同学都有拖延症,尤其是遇到如写作这种需要自己创作的作业,也就是文中所说的输出型作业,对于程度一般的学生会构成很大的压力。而简单的跟读、阅读、摘抄等容易完成的输入型作业,对于任何程度的学生都是轻松完成的事情。两者相结合,才能既增强学生的自信和动力,又不给他们过多压力。个人和团队相结合。自主学习模式下的团队合作不仅能够加强学生学习能力,促进交流,也能够增强学生的协作能力。团队协作不仅仅体现在课堂活动上,对于课外作业的布置也可以充分调动学生小组内的写作。巩固和引入相结合。大二的精读课是基础课的重要部分,对于大一已经学过的语法、英语文化等课程需要进行巩固,强化基础。同时,由于大三就要开始专业课如英国文学、美国文学、语言学、翻译等,精读课也应该为这些课做好铺垫,结合相关课文内容启发学生对来年课程的兴趣。

三、布置课外作业的频率

在对同行教师的调查中了解到70﹪的老师以教学单元为单位布置作业。也就是说,每完成一个单元的教学,就会给学生布置巩固该单元已学知识点的课外作业。20﹪的老师几乎是每周给学生布置课外练习,还有10﹪左右的老师非定时定量地给学生布置课后练习。笔者认为作业的布置要有常规性,输入型的作业容易完成,能够帮助学生养成良好的习惯,同时也要兼顾各个单元的教学内容,在单元学习结束后布置一次输出型作业。

四、作业批改

部分老师认为作业布置频率过高,单单是批改就增加大量工作量,事实并没有那么严重。英语专业由于其语言学习的特殊性,大部分班级较小,30个人左右,而且对于输入型作业、口头作业、巩固型的作业只需要每周检查给出一个等级分数,例如A、B,给学生自由发挥的机会,针对个别学生提出意见,口头作业可以安排到课堂上展示,并当场或者当天课余时间点评,不会占有太多的时间。而对于书面的输出型作业的批改是很有必要也是有重要意义的。这一类作业不能简单地标出对错符号、划分等级,一定要针对具体问题给出评语和修改意见,这种师生间信息反馈既能有效纠正学生错误,又能加强师生之间的情感联系。

英语教程2作业2 篇3

Unit 2

II.1.Survived2.grabs3.discreetly4.Deceased…obituary

5.conceivably6.board7.classics8.executives

III.1.widowed2.nerves3.precisionist4.competitiveness

5.execution6.presided7.marital8.accompanied

IV.1died of2.Stay up 3.Cares for4.Straightened out

5.picked out6.Given up7.Grabbed at8.Considered for

V.1 exactly2 immediately3 slacker/idler, loafer4 outlivedisconcerted/abashed6 departed7 underweight/slim8 successor

VI.1.disappointed2.Waited3.Required4.Read

5.meant6.Entered cheerfully7.Intensifies gradually 8.Became extinct

Key to Translation:

1.My immediate boss is a typical workaholic, for he works for over ten hours each day all the

year round.2.The principal attaches much importance to extracurricular activities and he believes that they

will help to cultivate students’ tremendous interest in the external world.3.He always grabs a shower, a sandwich and then a taxi to go to work every Monday morning.4.Since you are leaving the company, you should straighten out the accounts within the week.5.He often stays up late at night in order to finish writing his Ph.D.dissertation on time.6.Nothing can replace the profound love lodged in one’s heart of hearts.7.He is considered a natural for the post of the president, for he has been an excellent

英语教程2作业2 篇4

English Book 2

Unit 1 ★ Text A Vocabulary I.1.1)insert 2)on occasion 3)investigate 4)In retrospect 5)initial 6)phenomena 7)attached 8)make up for 9)is awaiting 10)not„in the least 11)promote 12)emerged 2.1)There is a striking contrast between the standards of living in the north of the country and the south.2)Natural fiber is said to be superior to synthetic fiber.3)The city’s importance as a financial center has evolved slowly.4)His nationality is not relevant to whether he is a good lawyer.5)The poems by a little-known sixteenth-century Italian poet have found their way into some English magazines.3.1)be picked up, can’t accomplish, am exaggerating 2)somewhat, performance, have neglected, they apply to 3)assist, On the other hand, are valid, a superior II.1.1)continual 2)continuous 3)continual 4)continuous 2.1)principal 2)principal 3)principle 4)principles 5)principal III.1.themselves 2.himself/herself 3.herself/by herself/on her own 4.itself 5.ourselves 6.yourself/ by yourself/on your own Comprehensive Exercise I.Cloze 1.1)contrast 2)exaggerating 3)priority 4)on the other hand 5)promoting 6)pick up 7)assist 8)accomplish 9)on occasion 10)neglecting 11)worthwhile 12)superior 2.1)end 2)perform 3)facing 4)competent 5)equipped 6)designed 7)approach 8)rest 9)definitely 10)quality II.Translation 1.1)It takes an enormous amount of courage to make a departure from the tradition.2)Tom used to be very shy, but this time he was bold enough to give a performance in front of a large audience.3)Many educators think it desirable to foster the creative spirit in the child at an early age.4)Assuming(that)this painting really is a masterpiece, do you think it’s worthwhile to buy/purchase it? 5)If the data is statistically valid, it will throw light on the problem we are investigating.2.To improve our English, it is critical to do more reading, writing, listening and speaking.Besides, learning by heart as many well-written essays as possible is also very important.Without an enormous store of good English writing in your head you cannot express yourself freely in English.It is also helpful to summarize our experience as we go along, for in so doing, we can figure out which way of learning is more effective and will produce the most desirable result.As long as we keep working hard on it, we will in due course accomplish the task of mastering English.★ Text B Comprehension check: c c d a c b Language Practice 1.g h e c f a b d 2.1)adopt 2)account 3)from your point of view 4)ended up 5)furthermore 6)fund 7)annual 8)keeping track of 9)pace 10)intends 11)perspective 12)devise

Unit 2 ★ Text A Vocabulary I.1.1)abrupt 2)emotional 3)bless 4)wear and tear 5)dated 6）consequences 7）seemingly 8)in contrast to 9)Curiosity 10)genuine 11)primarily 12)sentiments 2.1)When you are confronted with more than one problem, try to solve the easiest one first.2)Water is vital to the existence of all forms of life.3)There is still some confusion among the students about what to do after class to follow up on the subject.4)As a person of simple living habits, he needs nothing more than a job and an apartment to be happy.5)It tickled him to think that she’d come to as his advice.3.1)a lingering, fabricating, sentiments 2)fill out, every item, vital, consequences 3)be denied, tangible, cherish, attain II.1.It’s a long trip and will take us five hours by bus.2.She arrived early and took a front row seat.3.Don’t take me for a fool.4.It takes a lot of imagination to fabricate such a story.5.My uncle will take me(along on his trip)to the Arctic this summer.6.He took the dinner plate I passed to him.7.Kevin took second prize in the weight-lifting competition.8.If you don’t take my advice, you will regret it.III.1.hanging 2.to give 3.to return 4.being praised 5.not having written 6.to say 7.to open 8.being helped Comprehensive Exercise I.1.1)well-off/affluent 2)dated 3)falling into 4)bracket 5)deny 6)tangible 7)pursuit 8)cherishes 9)out of place 10)abrupt 11)focus 12)donations 2.1)consume 2)fueled 3)annual 4)plain 5)physically 6)security 7)indicates 8)equally 9)traditional 10)follows II.Translation 1.1)The company denied that its donations had a commercial purpose.2)Whenever he was angry, he would begin to stammer slightly.3)Education is the most cherished tradition in our family.That’s why my parents never took me to dinner at expensive restaurants, but sent me to the best private school.4)Shortly after he recovered from the surgery, he lost his job and thus had to go through another difficult phase of his life.5)In contrast to our affluent neighbors, my parents are rather poor, but they have always tried hard to meet our minimal needs.2.With more and more donations coming in, our university will be much better off financially next year.We will thus be able to focus on the most important task that we, educators, must take on: to encourage students to attain their scholarly/academic goals, to train them to be dependable and responsible individuals, to prepare them for the life ahead, and to guide them in their pursuit of spiritual as well as material satisfaction.★ Text B Comprehension Check: b b d c d d Language Practice 1.f c g e b a h d 2.1)stunned 2)hold(fast)to 3)folks 4)generosity 5)discount 6)liable 7)ranks 8)on the run 9)make up 10)blends in 11)by all accounts 12)comes into contact with

Unit 3 ★ Text A Vocabulary I.1．1)typical 2)dumb 3)junior 4)glorious 5)welfare 6)came over 7)interference 8)fading 9)narrowed down 10)frank 11)schemes 12)at any rate 2.1)The Security council consists of five generals and four police officers.2)The new hotel will be in a location overlooking the lake.3)I was humiliated by her comments about my family background in front of so many people.4)Do you have any proof that it was Henry who stole the computer? 5)the boy was exhausted after the long cycle ride.3.1)hysterical;was handed down;should have known better than 2)twisted, over and over, talented son 3)patience, not to keep him in suspense, assured, repeatedly II.1.adequate 2.anxious 3.certain 4.content 5.crazy 6.likely 7.fortunate 8.keen III.1.be admitted 2.live 3.be postponed 4.buy 5.be banned 6.be Comprehensive Exercise I.1.1)typical 2)welfare 3)constant 4)frank 5)talent 6)dumb 7)know better than that 8)repeatedly 9)dread 10)interference 11)bet 12)assure 2.1)despite 2)really 3)same 4)contact 5)admitted 6)attempt 7)not 8)tend 9)different 10)manner II.Translation 1.1)Have scientists found proof of water on Mars? 2)The planning committee has narrowed down the possible locations for the nuclear power plant to two coastal towns.3)Sam not only lost his job but also both legs;he had to live on welfare for the rest of his life.4)A jury consisting of 12 members voted in unison that Mary was guilty.5)Sean felt humiliated ti hear his talent being questioned.2.George, the son of Mr.Johnson, liked listening to heavy metal music in the evenings, which made it hard for other residents in the community to fall asleep.Eventually the exhausted neighbors lost their patience and decided on direct interference.They called Mr.Johnson to tell him in a frank manner what they were thinking.Mr.Johnson assured them that he would certainly settle the issue.As soon as he put down the phone he scolded his son, “What has come over you? You should know better than to disturb others for your own amusement.” In the end George traded his CD’s for computer games software from his classmates.★ Text B Comprehension Check: b a b c d a Language Practice 1.d e f g a b h c 2.1)and he like 2)popularity 3)had been kept in the dark 4)define 5)was aware of 6)relate 7)were up to 8)trend 9)opportunity 10)mobile 11)comments 12)interviewed

Unit 4 ★ Text A Vocabulary I.1.1)conversely 2).but then 3)symptom 4)spitting 5)abusing 6)tone 7)took„in 8)editing 9)have arranged 10)in sight 11)stretched 12)data 2.1)The sight of teenagers smoking cigarettes jars on me.2)A lot of American teenagers don’t like street gangs, but they find themselves getting sucked in.3)Jeffrey’s computer crashed again this morning.The manager has arranged for a technician from the computer store to check and repair it.4)During the Vietnam War, many young Americans fled their country to avoid military service/fled to other countries to avoid military service.5)The new government is planning an anti-corruption campaign so as to restore people’s confidence in it.3.1)the virtual, on line, via 2)nightmare, routine, any appointment, arrange for 3)cue, remarks, his tune II.1.We came here all the way on foot.2.Private cars are not allowed on campus.3.They are on vocation in Florida.4.Mary has been talking to her friend on the phone for an hour.5.Don’t worry, Lucy is always on time.6.Industrial demand on fuel is on the rise.III.1.hard 2.difficult 3.impossible 4.tough 5.hard 6.easy Comprehensive Exercise I.1.1)internet 2)click 3)virtual 4)routines 5)arrange 6)nightmare 7)annoying 8)connection 9)crawls 10)take in 11)spit 12)data 13)sucked into 14)At times 15)flee 16)on line 2.1)companion 2)deliver 3)access 4)enables 5)customers 6)delights 7)provides 8)small 9)remote 10)information II.Translation 1.1)Research shows that laughter can bring a lot of health benefits.2)A slow Internet connecting speed is really annoying.3)As the law stands, helping someone commit suicide is a crime.4)In her report, Mary tries to interpret the data from a completely different angle.5)Sue is a girl of great talent.Her amazing memory sets her apart from her classmates.2.Perhaps you envy me for being able to work from home on the computer.I agree that the Internet has made my job a lot easier.I can write，submit and edit articles via email, chat with my colleagues on line and discuss work with my boss.With a click of the mouse, I can get all the data I need and keep up with the latest news.But then, communicating through the Net can be frustrating at times.The system may crash.Worse still, without the emotional cues of face-to-face communication, the typed words sometimes seem difficult to interpret.★ Text B Comprehension Check: c a a b d c Language Practice 1．d e a c b f g h 2．1)vehicle 2)hooked on 3)intense 4)worldwide 5)overnight 6)slipped 7)on the whole 8)called forth 9)outwards 10)Needless to say 11)to my knowledge 12)On top of that

Unit 5 ★ Text A Vocabulary I.1.1)startled 2)mere 3)motion 4)sweating 5)stretched 6)vain 7)On one occasion 8)anxiety 9)emotions 10)ashamed 11)In my mind’s eye 12)recurring 2.1)Mrs.White’s birthday coincides with her husband’s.2)They make big profits on the stuff they sell by creating an artificial shortage, which send s the prices soaring/results in the soaring of prices.3)It has been a week of alternate sunshine and rain.4)Politics and philosophy have been his lifelong passions, although he studied economics at university.5)Tension came over her, as she waited for her first TV interview.3.1)media, dedication to, grace 2)his competitors, in excitement, hug him, congratulate him on 3)emotions, numerous, intensity, passion for II.1.Mike, a Green, made the suggestion that a large park be built near the community.2.In a letter to his daughter, Mr.Smith expressed his wish that she(should)continue her education to acquire still another degree.3.There is no reason to hold the belief that humans have no direct moral responsibility to safeguard the welfare of animals.4.Children need to feel safe about the world they grow up in, and it is unwise to give them the idea that everything they come into contact with might be a threat.5.Anxiety can result from the notion that life has not treated us fairly.6.Nobody believed his claim that he was innocent.III.1.I work out in the gym for one hour every morning.2.Florence has worked as cleaner at the factory for five years.3.The wounded man worked his way across the field on his hands and knees.4.The safe load for a truck of this type works out at about twenty-five tons.5.It is difficult to understand how human minds work.6.To my disappointment, the manager’s plan of promoting the new products doesn’t work at all.7.The teacher has a lot of experience of working with children who don’t know how to learn.8.The medicine was like magic, and it worked instantly after you took it.Comprehensive Exercise I.1.1)In my mind’s eye 2)groan 3)competitor 4)intensity 5)anxiety 6)tense 7)sweat 8)tension 9)soaring 10)recurring 11)brought me back to earth 12)fantasy 13)sweat 14)congratulate 15)numerous 16)media 2.1)engineer 2)forget 3)convinced 4)how 5)build 6)accident 7)thought 8)only 9)sharp 10)touched 11)instructions 12)finally II.Translation 1.1)It is the creativity and dedication of the workers and executives that turned the company into a profitable business.2)The prices of food and medicine have soared in the past three months.3)We plan to repaint the upper floors of he office building.4)His success shows that popularity and artistic merit sometimes coincide.5)I don’t want to see my beloved grandmother lying in a hospital bed and groaning painfully.2.Numerous facts bear out the argument/statement/claim that in order to recover speedily from negative emotion, you should allow yourself to cry.You needn’t/don’t have to be ashamed of crying.Anxiety and sorrow can flow out of the body along with tears.Consider the case of/Take Donna, Her son unfortunately died in a car accident.The intensity of the blow made her unable to cry.She said, “It was not until two weeks later that I began to cry.And then I felt as if a big stone had been lifted from my shoulders.It was the tears that brought me back to earth and helped me survive the crisis.”

★ Text B Comprehension Check: b c b b c a Language Practice 1.a e d c b h f g 2.1)aid 2)inclined 3)in good health 4)shortcomings 5)penetrated 6)dismiss 7)has suffered from 8)progressive 9)optimistic 10)to a degree 11)hold on to 12)install

Unit 6 ★ Text A Vocabulary I.1.1)culture/cultural 2)indication 3)miniature 4)ironic 5)stumbled into 6)decent 7)buzzing 8)abnormal 9)mechanical 10)Shuddering 11)implied 12)leap 2.1)You can convert RMB into US dollars in the foreign exchange office a the airport.2)I figured she didn’t know the first thing about cooking as she looked puzzled as to how to cook rice with the rice cooker.3)The manager glowed with pleasure upon hearing that in spite of their faulty equipment the team had accomplished some very useful work.4)I’m grateful to my company for allowing me to work flexible hours as long as I work eight hours a day.5)On seeing the comments made in the margins by previous readers, Tom couldn’t help thinking the book must be quite fascinating.3.1)will not panic/feel panic, ’ll be at a disadvantage

2)hybrid, transmission 3)crave, One indication, to distinguish II.1.also 2.as well/too 3.too 4.also 5.as well/too 6.too 7.also 8.Also III.1.I’ve had enough 2.When I was old enough to work and earn money 3.can’t get enough sleep at night 4.has so far collected enough of them 5.have strong enough arms 6.have just enough money to live on Comprehensive Exercise I.1.1)stumbled into 2)not know the first thing about 3)mechanical 4)when it comes to 5)hybrid 6)gritted her teeth 7)premise 8)at a disadvantage 9)panic 10)cultural 11)flexible 12)imply 2.1)chair 2)force 3)secrets 4)painstaking 5)recognized 6)steered 7)essentially 8)observation 9)women 10)tutor 11)inspired 12)unless II.Translation 1.1)He is a man of few words, but when it comes to playing a computer games, he is far too clever for his classmates.2)Children who don’t know any better may think these animals are pretty cute and start playing with them.3)There is no way to obtain a loan, so to buy the new equipment, I will just have to grit my teeth and sell my hybrid car.4)The hunter would not have fired the shots if he hadn’t seen a herd of elephants coming towards his campsite.5)I find it ironic that Tom has a selective memory---he does not seem to remember painful experiences in the past, particularly those of his own doing.2.Nancy Hopkins is a biology professor at MIT.She craves knowledge and works hard.However, as a scientist, she could not help noticing all kinds of indications of gender inequality on campus.Men and women professors did the same work, but when it came to promotion the administrators were rather selective.It was ironic that after so much cultural progress, women were still at a disadvantage in institutions of higher education.When her request for more lab space was refused, she knew she had to fight.So she gritted her teeth and complained to the President.The fight ended in victory and Nancy was converted into a gender-equality advocate.★ Text B Comprehension Check: b a d b d c a Language Practice 1.b d a e g c f h 2.1)crisis 2)weighed down 3)supportive 4)takes all the credit 5)pleaded 6)in control of 7)party 8)expense 9)lives for 10)semester 11)at every opportunity 12)stir

Unit 7 ★ Text A

Vocabulary I.1.1)Strictly speaking 2)drifted 3)resembles 4)invaded 5)is conquered 6)fascinating 7)snack 8)put„into practice 9)source 10)climate 11)surrendered 12)were aroused 2.1)an absolute necessity rather than a luxury 2)is a valuable addition to the football team.3)will get out of control, if the firemen do not arrive within ten minutes.4)alternative but to g via Vancouver to get to Seattle 5)declared all beef imports will be banned for the next six months as an emergency measure to stop the spread of mad cow disease.3.1)systematic, have invented, to a very real extent, mysteries 2)to establish, to be modifies/ modifying 3)tolerance towards, strike out, enrich II.1.a)wish b)wish c)want d)want/wish 2.a)skin b)hide/skin c)hide d)skin 3.a)raise/rear b)raise c)rear/raise d)raise 4.a)royal b)kingly/royal c)sovereign d)royal/kingly III.1.Indeed 2.though 3.Frankly 4.Moreover 5.To my knowledge 6.however 7.nevertheless 8.Yet 9.instead 10)in other words Comprehensive Exercise I.1.1)fascinating 2)tolerance 3)invented 4)addition 5)ban 6)corrupt 7)out of control 8)influenced 9)elite 10)came up with 11)establishing 12)Massive 13）sources 14）enrich 2.1)early 2)similar 3)source 4)observation 5)examine 6)features 7)declared 8)stronger 9)accident 10)sprung II.Translation 1.1)Many small businesses have sprung up in the city since the new policy went into effect.2)On hearing the news, she smiled briefly, and then returned to her habitual frown.3)He paused for effect, then said:“We can reach/enter these markets through new channels.”

4)The addition of a concert hall to the school will help it nourish young musical talents.5)We have no way to protect our personal liberties until we have established a sovereign state,/We can’t protect our personal liberties unless we, first of all, establish a sovereign state.2.Though how the English language came into existence remains a mystery to many people，linguists believe that English and most other European languages have descended from a common source: the Indo-European parent language.English was first spoken by the Anglo-Saxons who invaded England in the fifth century.They passed onto us the basic vocabulary of English.In over fifteen centuries of its development, English has enriched itself by massive borrowing.As British immigrants landed in America and established the United States as an independent nation, a new variety was added to the English language : American English.Though some people worry that the language is running out of control, many native speakers of English take pride in the tolerance of their language.★ Text B Comprehension Check: c c c d b d Language Practice 1.g e d c b h f a 2.1)give way to 2)predict 3)substantial 4)integrate 5)in transition 6)aspect 7)to name a few 8)authority 9)dominate 10)had contributed to 11)unique 12)rid yourself of

英语教程2作业2 篇5

例如，在重申了其1973年的堕胎裁定的1992年裁定中，最高法院以“一种强烈地分裂的争议”的方式谈及了堕胎案，这种争议“有寻常案件的判决所不具有的维度”。这种“罕见的有先例的力量”在“最高法院对宪法的解释要求国家级争议中争先的一方通过接受一项普通的指令来停止其国家分裂行为，这一指令通常是有碍的而且有先例的会产生寻常非宪法案件中产生的司法裁定。（？）”

第二，尝试都没有考虑“测试性的个案”诉讼，这种诉讼现在在最高法院以及下级的联邦法院例行公事地考虑。许多讼案都是超越了任何一方的私人利益的真正地“公开法律诉讼”。在整体上，焦点反而几乎只在被提起的议题以及他们对公众的影响上。一个例子就是集体诉讼案，在其中，最初的原告以及他/她的问题可能就是全部，但却有可能被遗忘，但是诉讼无论如何会代表着处于相似境遇的待定的一群人继续下去。

最终，一如将要在下一部分被讨论和在案件中被展示的，宪法条款的解释将远异于法庭将涉及的“寻常”颁布的法律的解释。确实，一些人暗示美国的宪法审查根本就不是司法的，它被更准确地描述为被“小心地隐藏”在法庭终止法律的“谎言”背后的。我们早已看到“司法的哲学”是怎样被感受到/在司法决策中发挥着重要的作用的。许多“司法哲学”的元素都触及了基本的政治价值这一点是很清楚的。如果这一点需要证据，那只需要看一看司法选举的过程即可，尤其是在最高法院级别的，它们作为一种党派选举运动是最政治化和最怀恶意的。

英语教程2作业2 篇6

施用化肥是确保农业高产、稳产的重要手段, 但是过量施用化肥会引起土壤酸化和板结, 导致土壤肥力下降, 造成土壤贫瘠, 影响作物生长;并活化有害重金属元素, 导致有毒物质的释放, 对土壤生物造成危害;同时, 大量的施用化肥会导致环境污染。

有机肥料是指富含有机物质, 既能提供作物生长所需养分, 又能培肥土壤的一类肥料。醋糟是在酿醋过程中剩余的工业废弃物, 经生物发酵处理, 是符合国家相关标准的有机肥料, 其肥料主要成份为稻壳, 有机质含量高, 在镇江市戴庄有机农业园施用醋糟有机肥增产增收效果明显, 但局限于撒施量较大, 劳动强度高, 撒施后还需进行再次旋耕作业, 市场效率低, 生产成本急需实现醋糟有机肥的机械化撒施机具。

1 醋糟肥的物理特性

1.1 含水率测定

在堆肥中不同层选取一定量的醋糟, 在105℃恒温下烘约6 h, 称重处理计算, 醋糟有机肥平均含水率46.6%。

1.2 休止角测定

醋糟有机肥料的自然休止角是与肥料的摩擦特性相关的参数, 是确定肥箱容积和各角度的相关机构参数, 经测试, 其自然休止角为43°。

1.3 容积密度测定

物料容积密度与物料孔隙、含水率等因素相关。容积密度是确定拖拉机动力大小及肥箱容积的基础, 经测试, 醋糟有机肥的平均容积密度为0.295 g/cm3。

2 整机结构

2YFG-2型有机肥撒施旋耕复式作业机采用55.125 k W拖拉机作为配套动力, 三点悬挂, 十字万向节输出拖拉机动力;肥箱及排肥部件布置在旋耕机组的上部, 设计的肥箱容积为1 130 L;排肥方式采用液压驱动螺旋排肥搅龙;旋耕幅宽2 m, 侧边传动方式, 旋耕刀组布置在醋糟有机肥撒施部件后, 实现撒施和旋耕的组合作业。

3 关键部件设计

有机肥在肥箱中的填充系数以及流动性对排肥效果影响很大, 因此, 排肥是有机肥撒施机的设计关键。由于醋糟肥不同于市场购买的颗粒有机肥的物理特性, 该机采用左右各一个螺旋搅龙连接的形式, 实现醋糟有机肥的混合、搅拌、排施, 设计的螺旋搅龙主要参数为:外径250 mm、内径160 mm、螺距250mm、板厚3~4 mm、定长:1 005 mm。

3.1 螺旋搅龙直径D

根据设计要求, 配套750型拖拉机按作业速度为Ⅱ挡作业, V=3 km/h, 螺旋排肥器转速<50 r/min, 作业幅宽F=2 m, 参考螺旋输送器设计要求, 结合物料特性, 计算出排肥螺旋搅龙直径D为258 mm, 圆整后取D=250 mm。

3.2 螺距S

螺旋搅龙采用水平放置方式, 采用螺径比1∶1方式, 计算S= (0.8~1) D= (0.8~1) ×250=250 mm。

3.3 螺旋轴直径

d= (0.2~0.35) D= (0.2~0.35) ×250=50~87.5 (mm) , 因为醋糟有机肥料的容重较小, 综合考虑轴的强度、加工工艺性, 取外径d=60 mm、内径50 mm的空心管轴。

3.4 螺旋轴长度L

螺旋轴的长度与轴径的关系为:D= (0.02~0.03) L, L=d/ (0.02~0.03) =60/ (0.02~0.03) =3 000~2 000 mm。考虑到整体尺寸和支撑强度, 取L=2 000 mm, 采用了左右旋向相反的等长分段式设计, L1=L2=1 000 mm, 左右螺旋轴中间连接采用轴承支撑。

4 研究实例

样机试制完成后, 针对不同含水率的醋糟撒施能力和撒施均匀性, 开展场地测试和田间测试, 对排肥部件螺旋搅龙进行了改进、优化, 在飞翔内加装了减压板, 缓解醋糟肥在排施工程中出现堵塞和架空现象。该机在撒施醋糟有机肥, 撒施均匀度变异系数33.25%, 单位时间撒肥1.71 kg/s, 每667 m2最大施肥量821 kg, 旋耕碎土率82.5%, 旋耕深度10.5 cm, 纯工作生产率0.72 hm2/h。

参考文献

[1]李波, 钱刚.有机肥撒施机肥箱的试验研究与仿真分析[J].农业机械, 2012 (13) .

[2]李秋国, 张秀平.有机肥撒施机撒肥装置的研究[J].河北农机, 2014 (2) .

[3]李波, 田耘, 钱刚.有机肥撒施机的研究现状与应用前景[J].农机化研究, 2006 (5) .

[4]孙羲, 章永松.有机肥料和土壤中的有机磷对水稻的营养效果[J].土壤学报, 1992 (4) .