托福写作满分攻略(通用6篇)
误区一:拿高分一定要语言高大上
许多同学认为,自己拿不了写作高分,是因为自己的用词不够华丽,句式太简单。但是其实,我首考时,用的都是最基本的托福水准词语,没有什么大词。但关键是,我的词语一直都在以同义词的方式变换着,句型虽然也只使用了几种,但也是交叉变换着用。变化很重要,这能体现考生对于语言的灵活运用程度,给考官一种新颖的感觉。
托福写作中可以灵活运用的九种句型:
主谓宾
主系表
There be
被动
强调句型A
Eg: It is the picture of ..hat impresses me deeply.
强调句型B
Eg: The picture of ..does have a deep impression in my memory.
倒装
Eg: Were you stand beside the sea, you would remember the happy moment in the past. (倒装+虚拟)
虚拟
平行
Eg:《双城记》给了我们best example:
It was the best of times,
It was the worst of times.....
We had everything before us, we had nothing before us......
误区二:套用模板一定拿不了高分
有的同学认为,拿满分的同学一定没有用模板。但是,模板是自己对于“未知性”很大的托福写作考试的最好的准备,哪怕遇到很难的题目,也能自信满满地“噼里啪啦”敲出一两行模板句,然后写作的灵感就来了。如果事先没有任何写作模板的准备,等到考试时脑子一热,就啥也写不出来了,只能面红耳赤地坐在那儿听考场中别人热热闹闹的键盘敲打声。
综合写作中一定要用模板,一定要用模板,一定要用模板!在时间比较紧的综合写作时,用模板可以节约时间,为自己增加信心和底气。
独立写作中,开头、中间段的开头结尾句、结尾都可以用模板,这样自己的句型都尽在自己的掌控内,将更多的时间放在作文内容的构思上。用模板时,不要照搬网上或者机构老师给的模板,自己学聪明一点,DIY拼凑、用同义词、同义句的形式修改一下,就是自己的unique one啦!
附上一份综合写作模板:
The lecture is mainly discussing_____, _______and _______ by____, challenging what are stated in the reading passage that _____, _______and _______.
First of all, the speaker thinks that ______. In contrast, the reading passage believes that ______. So, the lecture totally disagrees with the view made in the reading.
Second, the speaker discusses______, contradicting what is stated in the reading that ______.
Finally, the speaker raises the issue that ______. This point disagrees that ______ demonstrated in the reading.
误区三:字数一定要多才能拿高分
许多机构的老师都会信誓旦旦地跟学生说:“字数写不到500字,还想拿高分?”但是我写作考满分那次,综合写作写了273个字,独立写作也只写了368个字,真心不能算是字数多的。我有个同学自己参加考试,洋洋洒洒争分夺秒,考场独立写作打了七百多个字,可最后只有23分,可见字数多不见得就能拿高分。
我的经验是字数可以不多,但是一定要说理具体、条理清晰,句子之间要有逻辑,思维不要太跳跃。考官一天批改那么多作文,当然喜欢读上去很顺畅、连贯的作文啦!
误区四:托福写作的准备只需要想思路
许多同学觉得,只要捧着托福写作机经想想思路,就能在考场上写作得心应手。但是,我认为,托福写作一定要上机练习!想思路和上机亲自写作完全是不一样的感觉!想思路的结果就是,考场上有了思路可却无从下手,对句型的掌握程度、词汇句子的使用和表达完全不熟练,甚至连打字都磕磕绊绊,时时打错,这种不熟练会使自己更加紧张、慌张,从而影响自己的发挥。
而如果平时就经常上机练习,考试时就会感到非常心态平和,打字都特别顺畅,写起句子来很熟练,表达清晰,完全就是平时训练的感觉。
托福听力满分经验:认清水平,对症下药
想跟大家分享的第一个观点:大家对自己的听力认识一定要有非常清晰的认识,而且准备材料的时候一定要对症下药。
这个怎么讲呢?因为大家可能提到听力之后都会说:我什么时候才能听懂英文原版电影?我什么时候才能听懂新闻?或者是我什么时候能考到四六级,或者是托福雅思听力的高分?那么这个时候大家不要去臆想,说我是不是坚持一两个月就能听懂了。
我觉得大家先应该做的事情,是对自己的水平,自己的成绩有一个比较精准的把握在跨越每个级别的时候我们要做好一个准备:就是你得每天听。因为你的耳朵如果有一天不接触到英语,不听到东西的话,你有可能会生疏,三天之后你就发现,唉!感觉就不一样了,一个礼拜不听你就发现,啊!真的是一日不见如隔三秋,耳朵就会不知不觉的较迟钝一点。不管怎么样每天你要固定听一个东西,而且听的东西要反复,比如说你三天可以听同样的东西,但是每天都得听。
那如果你了解了自己的水平之后,也知道每天需要有一定量输入,(这个输入不仅仅局限于说我每天都要听新的,也可以一个礼拜就听这么一条,或者三天听这么一条都可以)只要你每天有这个输入,而且是不断的持续的,那么在跨越每一个级别的时候,大概需要的时间是四个月到半年左右。如果大家想加速,比如我想要快速的在两个月当中就跨越一个级别。那么你们要做的,就是每天投入双倍的时间。所以什么时候能跨越不同的级别取决于大家投入这个时间。
关于听力材料,不能今天听这个明天听那个。我们应该比较专注的去固定的去听一个东西。比如说我们在提高听力的时候可能很多同学想要看英文电影,我看美剧就是为了提高我的听力,但是其实这个效果是非常不好的,那个就是泛听,它不能达到听力能力的提高,我们每天一定要注意要精听。有时候我们看电影只是为了看剧,或者是学一两句地道的口语表达,甚至是有些同学看完美剧之后学了很多骂人的话。所以其实我们看美剧的目的是要提高听力,那么这个是会很难的。它的听力它的语速是非常非常快的,而且有比较多的俚语,非正常的书面表达,所以不建议大家听这个美剧电视什么的。反而大家可以现在开始听新闻,BBC的新闻,还有很多电台的新闻,都是非常好的。
最后分享给大家一个小故事,就是我如何去发现自己在听力上面有巨大突破的。在我大学的三年级的时候,我曾经坚持每天听一则新闻,这个新闻的长度是一分多钟,我每天坚持听写一段常速新闻,我坚持了一年。当然有个别天数是没有坚持下来的,就坚持了一年之后我发现我去考雅思,然后莫名其妙的就考了7.5的一个听力。这个分数不是很高,但是就是在那一年当中我坚持完之后,发现我的听力莫名其妙的就这么高了。所以证明我的耳朵在这一年当中不断的去被训练,不断的去适应各种的发音,各种口音,然后他会变得非常的敏感,变的识别能力非常强。目前大家耳朵基本没问题,可能目前大家对另外一门语言是看的比较多,但是天天听的确实是非常的少,导致大家耳朵是比较比较不敏感的。其实对于英语听力,大家其实应该做好一个长期抗战的准备,因为大部分学习咱们坚小持课程的同学可能上班的比较多,你们可能每天没有那么多时间去学习。那么你就做好,我要学一年两年甚至三年,只要我每天坚持听,我耳朵一定是比昨天更敏感一些。
托福阅读和托福听力双满分经验分享
我如何获得托福阅读和听力双满分
由于时间仓促没有来得及仔细准备,我的托福备考的时间只有3个星期,但结果比较满意。阅读、听力都是满分30,口语26,写作27,回头想想得到这个分数也是情理之中,毕竟自己本科学了四年的英语,如果时间充裕,相信还有提升的空间。根据我的考试经验,扎实的英语基础是独一无二的制胜法宝。我想用自己的经历来谈谈英语能力是怎么一步一步建立起来的。
听力和口语结合
我对听力和口语一直很感兴趣,所以无论是阅读,写作,听力,还是口语,在练习的过程中我都会以听说的形式进行,大一大二两年期间英语能力大增,到了大三以后,再学就是锦上添花,没有太多实质性的突破了。这期间学过的所有文章,不管是精读、泛读还是写作,我都会大声的读出来,直到读熟为止,以后再碰到读过的单词,都会马上想起这个单词出现的语境是什么,那篇文章讲的是什么。用这样的方可以让我在写作中不断写出漂亮高分的句型,在口语中既可以说出日常口语表达也可以熟练运用学术词汇传递自己观点。但是这一切都要有正确的单词发音和语音语调来支持,也就是听力!
听力应该是大部分英语学习者的硬伤,就是听不懂,不知道他们在叽里呱啦说些什么,我也跟大家一样,听力不好,口语也一样。从小接受的是填鸭教育,根本不管口语的输出,这就导致我在大一开学时,一下子接触全英授课当时就有一种强烈地culture shock,这上课啥也说不出来怎么办,当时一个老师测试我英语水平的时候就说,“你听听你说的跟我说的有什么不一样”,她自顾自说了一大堆,我真心没有听出什么不同,接下来她的解释我到现在一直都记得-“你说的话里所有单词都是重读,而我的口语中像to, and, it这样子的单词我是弱化的。”这句话对我启发很大,因为以前从来没有注意过to还会有弱读的情况,在后来的听力过程中我才了解英语句子中有弱读是多么重要的一件事情。一个句子不论长短,说话者只会强调想着重说明的部分,那我们在听的时候,如果有几个单词听了好多遍都听不清,不考虑音质的问题,只有一种合理的解释:说话人在这里把弱读这些单词,从而出现了我们不熟悉的单词发音。那么进一步来说如果他们都弱读,就说明这部分的信息不重要,我们可以忽略,那需要认真听的部分就是他们重读的信息。
弱读只是其中一种语音现象,影响听力的因素同样还有连读和失去爆破,掌握这两种语音现象对听力的提升大有帮助,因为这两种语音现象直接影响我们对于单词正确发音的理解。有时候我们会有这样一种感觉,听听力的时候感觉什么都没有听懂,但是看到原文一下子豁然开朗,接下来就会有这样一种疑问:为什么我第一遍听的时候,记的滚瓜乱熟的单词也没有听出来?造成这种情况的有两种原因:第一,不熟悉单词的正确发音。在背单词的时候要保证自己有一本带音频的单词书,先听单词的正确发音,然后重复,接着尝试拼写,检查一下自己是否根据发音把单词写对,最后再记词意,从而记住单词的正确发音。第二,语音现象捣鬼。比如一个简单的break down,如果我们在听的时候还死记break结尾有个k的发音的话,这个短语也会变成一个新词,因为在这个短语里面k会发生“只做口型不送气”的情况,我们在听的时候也只能感受到break和down中间有一个小小的停顿,大家就会听到 brea--down,这种情况在语速较快的情况下更加的明显。再比如一个短语formaleducation,我们期待的发音是两个单独的短语,但殊不知听到了forma leducation的情况,这时候相信大家的反应基本都是,这是什么单词,也就出现了为什么认识的单词听不懂的情况。
解决语音现象最好的方式就是跟读加模仿。大一时我的练习材料只有VOA慢速英语和听力课本。每听一篇VOA我都会把原文打印出来,一句一句进行跟读,感觉自己读的差不多的时候,用录音软件录下自己读的文章,然后跟原声对比,标出不一样的地方,包括单词的发音、重读弱读、语调,做进一步改进,这样坚持一年的时间,不但听力一点儿问题没有,口语的语音语调也越发纯正。但是由于前面的练习材料有限,口语中就会出现比较严重的问题—没有东西说。这时候就需要加入阅读和写作的文章,通过朗读这些文章积累一些学术词汇和地道句型表达,口语可以说的材料越来越多。另外一个练习口语的方法是自言自语,走在路上可以向自己描述一下今天的天气,看到的帅哥或者是抱怨一下即将要上的课程,这都是练习口语流利度的方法,而且在这个过程中可以进行自我修正,例如时态混乱。
听口的基础夯实之后,剩下的英语学习就是词汇量的扩充。从大三到研究生再到工作后,我的词汇量补充都是来源美剧、英剧、电影还有各种播客。我已经看过了十几部剧,题材有医学、法律、情景喜剧、犯罪、丧尸、伦理、时尚各种各样。看这些剧的时候我的重点都在记忆词汇上,很少去记忆整句话。在做托福官方真题Official的过程中,对我最有帮助的一部剧就是《生活大爆炸》,几个极客科学家天天讨论各种科学话题,像托福考试中天文类的文章,虽然我没有学过天文学,但是我有基础背景和词汇的积累,做这类文章的时候就像在阅读百科全书,非但不枯燥,反而知识性和趣味性并存。另外一个对托福考试有帮助的就是各种播客,例如 BBC的Discovery和HealthCheck,The Economist,New Yorker的Fiction和Comment频道都是语速适中,信息量丰富的听力资源,这些都可以在网上或者苹果的podcast中下载到。
托福语法指导-介词及真题要点解
介词是TOEFL试题中比较活较的词性,而且具有一定的难度。中国学生一向对介词感到束手无策,因为英文介词种类繁多且词意多变。不过,TOEFL涉及的有关介词的题目重复性很强,而且有规律可循。只要考生善于总结、记忆,还是可以保证得满分的。介词的题目主要分布在Written Expression(16-40题)中,命题焦点售在中(1)含有介词的固定短语,(2)含有特定含义的介词误用
介词常考题型及解题要点
1.含有介词的固定短语:短语或词组中的介词不能随意更换或省略
全真例题分析
(1)Most aquatic animals breathe by means external respiratory organs called gills.
(答案)C 正确的短语为by means of,其中的介词of不能省略
(2) Speed refers only toward the rate of mution without
specifying any direction of motion.(94.8)
(答案)A 正确短语形式为refer to
(3) Historical geology deals about data on the development of the Earth
gathered from the study of rocks, which are analyzed to determine their age and composition. (93.8)
(答案) A正确短语式式为deal with.
(4)The diamond is the only gemstone composed with just one chemical element, carbon.
(答案) A 正确短语形式为。Be composed of
(5) Best known for his research in statistical mechanics and meson physics. Chen Ning Yang shared the Nobel Prize in 1957 to another physicist from the United States, Tsung-dao Lee.
(答案) C 正确的短语搭配为 share.......with
(6)The doctrine of eminent domain is based the legal tradition that all real property is subject to the control of the state.
综合写作是一类综合考查考生的英语听、读、写能力的题型,要求考生具有良好的英语综合素质。下面笔者来具体分析这类题型。
命题形式
综合写作的考试时间为20分钟,要求考生先花三分钟的时间在计算机屏幕上阅读一篇230~300词的文章,然后再听一篇时长约为两分钟的讲座录音,该讲座主要是驳斥阅读文章所陈述的观点。在听讲座录音时,阅读文章会隐去。该部分要求考生在阅读与听讲座录音的基础上写一篇150~225词的文章,对讲座录音的要点进行概述,并说明其主要论点与阅读文章中的观点是如何联系的。整体而言,综合写作的成败关键在于对讲座中论点、论据的理解和转述。
命题规律
讲座的总论点与阅读文章的总论点通常相反,两者的分论点和论据也具有针锋相对的关系。虽然综合写作的任务是概述讲座录音的主要要点,但由于录音里的内容与阅读文章的内容针锋相对,因此考生也应认真对待阅读文章。考生在阅读时要做好笔记,记住阅读文章的主题(即论点),以及支撑文章主题的理由(即论据)。通常来说,文章的论点会出现在第一段,而论据则会比较清晰地展现在主体段落。考生在阅读过程中抓住了文章的论点和论据之后,在听录音的过程中会更加有针对性。
在听录音时,笔者建议考生不要忙于做记录,先集中精力听录音内容,把握住录音内容的主要观点和重要细节,避免因做笔记而耽误了听录音。此外,由于录音的前20~30秒的内容主要是阐述自己的观点不同于阅读文章的观点,录音没有进入实质性驳斥阅读文章观点的阶段,因此考生可以在这段时间适当放松,试着进入听力状态即可。20~30秒之后,考生便要集中精力听录音中的重要细节。这就意味着考生只需集中精力听1分30秒至40秒的时间,在听录音的过程中把握重要的分论点和细节,为了避免遗忘,可在录音结束后将这些内容写在稿纸上,然后再在电脑里完成写作。
常出现的问题及其解决方法
考生在解答综合写作时经常遇到的一个问题就是阅读文章的关键词是自己不认识的单词,给考生理解文章的观点带来了障碍。
那考生应该如何解决这个问题呢?根据笔者多年的教学实践,考生要高效地扫除综合写作中阅读部分的生词障碍,可以从以下两方面着手。第一,考生可以先从总结和背诵托福综合写作真题(包括TPO)阅读文章中出现的生词开始,特别是真题中反复出现的单词尤其值得考生重视。据笔者观察,写作真题中出现的核心词汇会反复考查。第二,对于真题中出现的生词或是词组,考生可以按词义对它们进行归类,提高背诵效率。例如,在2010年2月7日综合写作阅读文章中出现的dangerous、detrimental、adverse,在2010年2月21日综合写作阅读文章中出现的negative,在2010年5月8日综合写作阅读文章中出现的drawback,这几个单词有一个共同特征,即都表示事物不好的一面,因此考生可以把它们归为一类来记忆。
独立写作
与综合写作不同,独立写作要求考生就某个观点提出自己的看法,并进行充分的论证。下面笔者来具体分析这一题型。
命题形式
独立写作的命题形式一般为“Do you agree or disagree with the following statement …”(你是否同意下面的论断……),要求考生对题目给出的论断表明自己的观点,然后写出具体的理由和细节来支持自己的观点,写作的字数是300词以上,考试时间为30分钟。题目给出的论断主要涉及以下十大类话题,下面分别举例说明。
①成功类话题:In order to achieve success, we must be more like others than be different from others.
②工作类话题:People should take a secure job immediately when finding it instead of waiting for a job that they find more satisfying.
③金钱类话题:Most businesspeople are motivated by the desire for money.
④科技类话题:The telephone has had a greater effect on people’s lives than TV.
⑤教育类话题:To improve the quality of education, universities should spend more money on professors’ salaries.
⑥朋友类话题:Getting advice from friends who are older than you is better than getting advice from friends who are of the same age as yours.
⑦环境类话题:Most of the environmental issues are too complicated today. Individuals cannot do anything about them.
⑧政府类话题:The most important thing that the government can do in improving health care is to clean the environment.
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⑨媒体类话题:Advertising is a waste of time and money because customers already know what they want.
⑩动物类话题:More and more people are spending money on their pets, even though there can be other good ways to spend money.
命题规律
既然托福独立写作题目允许考生选择“同意”或是“不同意”,也就意味着写作题目通常具有“争议性”这一基本特征,考生可以决定自己的立场,然后对自己的立场进行论证。此外,有些独立写作题目有很显著的特征,笔者总结了以下三类,并为这三类考题提供一点写作小技巧。
第一,某些独立写作题目会含有“should/should not”这一关键词,对于这一类题目,考生既可以选择“同意”,也可以选择“不同意”。2010年8月14日的题目就是如此:“Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Students should not take part-time jobs while they are studying in university.”对于此类题目,考生写作时可以以句式“Whether or not … has been a controversial issue”开头。例如,针对上面这道题目,考生可以在开头写道:“Whether or not students should take part-time jobs while they are studying in university has been a controversial issue.”
第二,有些独立写作题目含有all、most、best这类表示绝对语气的词,对于这些含有绝对语气的词的题目,笔者建议考生还是选择“不同意”为好。理由很简单,这些题目从逻辑上讲无一例外都夸大了某一个要素的重要性,否认了其他要素的影响,看问题只见树木不见森林。例如,2010年5月8日的独立写作题目为:“Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? The best way for parents to teach children responsibility is to have them care for animals.”对于此类题目,考生可以在开头段或结尾部分以这样的句式亮明自己的观点:“This argument exaggerates the importance of A and denies the significance of other factors such as B, C, and D which can also contribute to sth./sb.”
第三,还有一类题目则是将事物A和事物B作比较,含有“… better/more … than …”等词。例如,2010年6月13日的题目:“Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? It’s better to spend money on pleasant things such as vacations than to save money for the future.”对于这一类题目,笔者通常建议考生以这样的方式开头:“Although A/B has some benefits for …, I still believe that B/A will exert more significant influence on …”
常出现的问题及其解决方法
托福独立写作与综合写作最大的区别就在于,独立写作需要考生自己解决写什么的问题。很多考生看到独立写作题目的时候,脑袋会一片空白,没有写作思路,不知道该写什么。解决这个问题最好的办法就是把历年独立写作真题的题目进行分类,总结出各类话题通用的论据。
例如,我们来看以下三个题目:“Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? People are now easier to become educated than in the past.”“Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Nowadays it’s easier to maintain health than the past.”“Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? It is easier for parents to raise their children than 50 years ago.”在这三个题目当中,考生如果同意题目中的观点,我们一方面可以采用“意识的提高”作为通用论据,具体到题目中分别是教育意识的提高、健康意识的提高和家长参与意识的提高;另一方面,考生也可以将“经济的发展和收入的增加”作为这类题目的通用论据。虽然托福独立写作题目众多,但其命题内容无外乎教育、朋友、金钱、工作、成功等几个与大学生相关的重要话题。考生在备考过程中只要善于总结,勤于思考,找出话题之间的内在联系,然后再总结各类话题的写作思路,便能解决“写什么”的问题。
总结
对于综合写作与独立写作,笔者还想给考生提供以下两点建议。
第一,考生在备考时不要把综合写作和独立写作割裂开来复习,可以结合起来学习,达到相互促进的作用。例如,独立写作的文章结构是可以完全依照综合写作阅读文章的结构来写,即为“总(总论点)—分(论据+扩展句)—总(结论)”。此外,考生还可以从综合写作的阅读文章和听力材料中学到很多地道的表达方式,考生利用得好的话,可以为独立写作的遣词造句增加亮点。
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其次,考生在应对综合写作和独立写作的过程中,必须严格参照评分标准和体系进行写作,避免只按自己的意愿进行写作。综合写作的5分标准为:“A response at this level successfully selects the important information from the lecture and coherently and accurately presents this information in relation to the relevant information presented in the reading. The response is well organized, and occasional language errors that are present do not result in inaccurate or imprecise presentation of content or connections …”这段文字突出强调了考生在写作时要选择与概括听力的主要信息,并且能够很好地与阅读的相关信息联系起来,即考查考生的归纳和总结能力。独立写作的5分评分标准为:“… well organized and well developed, using clearly appropriate explanations, exemplifications, and/or details. Displays consistent facility in the use of language, demonstrating syntactic variety, appropriate word choice.”在这段评分标准有三个显著的要求。第一个是well organized,即要求文章要有清晰的逻辑,对于独立写作而言,笔者认为清晰的逻辑结构应该是一个树状结构:树干是总论点,树枝是论据,树叶是扩展句,树枝不管往哪个方向生长,必须依附于树干,树叶不管是多或少,必须在树枝上,树干、树枝和树叶构成了一个完整统一的整体,独立写作文章的结构也应如此。第二个显著要求为well developed,即要求文章的主体段要充分展开论证,毫无疑问,有说服力的事实和例子是实现这个目标的最好手段,考生可以列举切题的名人和个人的事例。第三个显著要求为syntactic variety,即要求考生具有良好的语言转换能力。考生在写作时可以利用近义词以及变换句式等方法来增加语言的多样性。要想提高语言表达能力,笔者建议考生做托福阅读时可以积累文章中的精彩句式,并加以模仿和运用。
Conflict resolution is very important. The technique is the samewhether it’s between people, between groups, or betweennations. You need to find a common ground; you need to learnwhat both sides want; and you need to plan steps to resolve the conflict.
Finding a common ground is the first important step in any conflict resolution. For example, if twocountries are fighting, a mediator could do what is the single thing that both counties areconcerned about. One answer might be their children’s future. Agreeing on the future of theirchildren is an important first step.
The next step would be to try to determine what both sides want for their children. For example, Country X says, “Security from Country Y.” Country Y says, “Security from Country X.” Obviously, they feel threatened by one another.
The third step is to plan steps to resolve the conflict. A mediator might ask what would make eachside more secure: Stronger borders? Increased trade? Smaller military forces? Once the steps areestablished, the peace process has begun.
I don’t mean to imply that this is easy. Resolving long-term disputes is not simple. But the processcan be broken down into three steps (common ground, needs, steps to resolution) and thenrepeated and repeated until there is peace.
48 Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Self-confidence is the mostimportant factor for success in school or at work. Use specific reasons and examples tosupport your opinion.
Self-confidence is one very important factor for success, but there are two other equally importantfactors: knowledge and sensitivity. All three are required for success in any area.
One needs to feel one can accomplish a task. If one thinks he or she is incapable of doingsomething, he or she will not succeed. For example, if you think you are going to do poorly on anexam, you will probably do poorly. It is important to tell yourself that you can do well. If you haveconfidence in yourself, you will probably do well.
Even if you have a great deal of self-confidence, you won’t be able to well on the exam withoutknowledge. You have to understand your subject very well. With knowledge and self-confidenceyou have a better chance of success.
In areas other than exams, you will need to be sensitive to your surroundings in order to succeed. You will need to know whether to boast about yourself or be modest; you will need to knowwhether you should take the lead or let others. This is a difficult skill to learn, but an important onefor success.
Dangerous sports or activities attract a certain type of person. This person is often a risk taker, an optimist, and a fatalist.
People who take risks are found both in dangerous sports and business. But it is a special person who takes a risk with his own life as opposed to his money. My father was a risk taker. He put everything be owned into his business, but he stopped playing risky sports like horseback riding and skiing. Once his business was a success and he no longer bad to worry about providing for us, he returned on the age of 60, to the risky sports that he did as a youth.
Someone who plays a dangerous sport must be an optimist. They cannot imagine that anything will happen to them. They never think about breaking their leg while skiing, falling off a cliff while rock climbing, falling on their head while sky diving. They live for the thrill of the moment without a thought to the many things that could go wrong.
Rock climbers and sports car drivers must be fatalist. They might plan for potential problems, but once they have done everything they can do, the outcome is out of their bands. A motorcyclist when jumps across a narrow canyon will get the fastest, strongest bike available that will carry him or her across the canyon, however, wind conditions or other problems might interfere and the cyclist my fall short of his goal.
Many people have the same traits of course. Many of us are risk takers, optimists and fatalists. But I think people who play dangerous sports must have these characteristics in abundance.
50 Which is more important for success: the natural ability you are born with or hard work? Explain your opinion, using specific reasons and examples.
Without a doubt, hard work is a much better predictor of success than natural ability. In my experience, I have seen this at work in sports, school, and work.
Sample
From my point of view, attending social activities is definitely a very important part for students. First of all, students should develop their skills from all aspects apart from the academic knowledge. Some clubs like sports and debating clubs can help students cultivate some practical abilities that cannot be obtained from traditional classroom, like interpersonal skills, and team-work spirit. Also, students need to attend different activities to explore their interests. You know, one will be more motivated and devoted in the area that he is interested in.
虽然最后一次托福考试我成功上了110,但口语是回避不了的弱项。
为了口语可以上25.当初的复习真的是不择手段。
但大家也不用担心啦,口语还是有很大的提升空间的~~
大部分中国学生都是常年的应试教育,哑巴英语,能开口说就不容易了,更何况需要我们去侃侃而谈。
想要托福口语过得去,我们得知道考什么呀?
考察我们口语能力(Task 1和Task 2),还有阅读和听力能力(Task 3—Task 6)。
如果我们的综合能力不行,在Task3-Task6不容易拿高分
那考官如何判定我们能不能拿高分呢?
首先口语考察我们三个方面的语言技能:
表达(包括发音和流利程度)、语言运用(包括语法和词汇)和主题展开(包括内容的组织和综合型题目中回答的完整程度)
每个评分人给每道题评分的范围都是0到4分。
在成绩单上,会收到口语考试各类题目的得分信息,但是这个评分信息是以四个单词的等级评估的:Weak、Limited、Fair、Good。
而对应的得分为:Weak(0-9)、Limited(10-17)、Fair(18-25)或Good(25-30)。
其中,第一题和第二题、第三题和第四题、第五题和第六题会分为三组得到如Limited, Good这样的反馈。
接下来,评分人在给每道题打完分数之后,所有打分的平均分会被加起来并转换为0到30分的标准。
那么不难看出,想要拿到25+的成绩,我们至少有两项的成绩要在Good的档位里面。
那具体的我们该怎么样提高我们的口语水平呢?
1. 尽量使用简单句结合复合句的表达
如果只用简单句,会显得我们的口语很单调。
如果只用复合句,你确定自己能记住么?
一味的使用简单句,那么也只能拿到2—3分的评分。想要跨过3分这道坎,我们需要多运用一些高级的句型。
尤其是在表达个人想法的时候,what引导的名词性从句就是一个非常不错的选择。
比如:What I think the man should do is…
2. 使用万能加分词:连接词
如果我们想要自己的句子连贯性比较好,可以使用连接词。
但是,千万不要频繁用and,划重点划重点划重点!!!!
首先and置于句首的用意很朦胧,还有,频繁用and就像中文里不停地用然后,然后,然后....
我们可以用,如:also、in addition及on top of that等。
如果两个观点间为对比关系,还可以加对比结构,如:in contrast等。
3.尽量运用词汇的替换
同义词转换不仅仅在阅读听力里重要,口语也是非常重要的!!
这是上高分的关键啊~~~
只是一味的重复阅读和听力里面的原文的话,最多只能拿到3分,即Fair的评分。
要知道,如果三分之二的评分只能在Fair档内,总分是很难突破25分的。
所以我们在总结出中心句的同时,对中心句进行一定的paraphrase。
例如,听力原文的对话为:“They come to class prepared and rested and they can concentrate.”
我们可以转化成:“They all come to seminars with good rests and preparation.”
托福口语模板的正确使用方法
1. 当太多人都去用同样的模板时,就会产生大家说的都是同样的内容,而使考官失去了新鲜感。
2. 很多考生在考前并没有做相对应的准备,所以造成很多时候考生拿着模板生搬硬套到一个题目上,导致题目与答案不相呼应的结果。
所以针对以上问题,为大家总结了托福口语模板的正确使用方法,希望大家能够注意:
首先托福口语模板要具有创新性,考生应根据不同的题目类型、题目内容来展现具有个性的模板化答案。我们可以看到,新托福第一题基本上与雅思的第二部分内容非常类似,所涉及的题目基本上都是地点,人物,时间或者说物体的描述。那么,首先我们先来看一下对于地点的描述。
在地点描述的题目里面,我们主要分成两个大的板块。第一,是描述一个建筑物;第二,描述一个城市。两者虽然有很多相似的方面,但依然存有较多的区别。
1、开头语:因为新托福口语考试的第一部分的作答时间只有短短的45秒,所以千万不要在开头部分过于累赘,尽量的简洁有力,一句话做一个简洁的概括。
很多时候,有这样的语句可以来套用,比如说well,
off the top of my head, the building I am going to describe to you is
…; 或者是,the park that I want to describe, that means a lot to me, is
….这里,考生需要straight to the point, 将自己要描述的内容直接点出来。
2、Overall description: 对一个building的描述,基本上需要从以下几个方面来说:
(1) 地点: It is located/situated in the northeast of the city…
(2) 颜色:比如说当我们在描述一个现代化的建筑物的时候,我们需要涉及到其总体的颜色,比如说it is blue on the outside and generally bluish green on the inside等等。
(3) 历史:建立的时间: It was built in the year…; 当初为什么要建这个建筑物
(4) 特色:相比于其他的同类建筑,这个建筑物的特色体现在哪些方面。
3. Personal Experience: 上述主要描述了一个建筑物的主体。讲完考生如果还有剩余时间,可以将一些个人与这个建筑物之间的关系扯进来,作为文章的一个收尾。
【托福口语】万能理由模板
(1)建筑和地方
In this wide world, there are thousands of amazing architectures. As for myself, my favorite is undoubtedly the Great Wall. Why? That’s simple. The following reasons will sufficiently illustrate what I say.
First and foremost, the most self- evident reason why I like the Great Wall so much is basically because it symbolizes our Chinese’s great intelligence and hard-work. It’s hard to imagine at that time people can build such huge architecture. Even in modern times, it seems a mission impossible. What’s more, it in some way improves the economic development of China because it attracts thousands of tourists around the world. Meanwhile, it also helps more foreigners to learn about the traditional Chinese culture. Anyway, I love Great Wall.
(2)动物
Who is the best friend to our human beings? With no further doubts, dogs. For me, dogs are always my friend and company.
The reasons why I am so fascinated with dogs can be best summarized as the followings. As for the very first reason, it is apparently because dog is the most loyal and helpful animal in the world. There are many stories about the dog saving his master in all countries. What’s more, dogs are docile and lovely. It is said that dogs are used to watch doors since the ancient time. And no matter old or young, people all love to keep dogs as their ideal pets. Nowadays when our friends are becoming less and less, dog can make your best company. You can imagine what a happy picture it is that a dog shakes its tail and barks to you when you open the door. Anyway, I am so proud to say that I am a dog lover.
(3)学科/比赛/兴趣爱好/休闲方式
Although there are many kinds of subjects, my priority is PE lesson.
The reasons why I am so fascinated with PE lesson can be best summarized as the followings. It is quite convincing to say that the most significant reason consists in the fact that it can keep you as fit as a fiddle. From my own perspective, I think health is the most important aspect to our life. By doing some exercises in PE lesson, we can not only relax from our heavy study pressure, but also we can have a perfect figure. What’s more, when we are talking about PE lessons, it is impossible not to mention the spirit of “persistence” which we can learn from the games in PE lesson. You know, when we are playing football, everyone tries their best. The truth is that as long as we persist, we will finally win the game no matter how tough it is.
(4)歌曲或音乐
Have you ever given any thought to what is your favorite song? I sure did. People’s answer might differ greatly from one or another. Mine, however, is hero. I’d like to recommend this song to everyone.
At the very beginning, I’d like to mention the most curious reason why I am so attracted by this song. You know, it tells us a story about confidence and courage. Whenever I am down, I always listen to this song and it will immediately cheer me up. What’s more, I love this kind of music style. I prefer some songs with slow and emotional rhythms because when I am listening, I can think and appreciate the real meaning of the song. Personally, I can’t bear those rock and roll songs. I think they are too noisy. Therefore I will recommend this song to everyone.
(5)职业和梦想
Have you ever given any thought to your dream? I sure did. People’s answer might differ greatly from one or another. Mine, however, is to become a business man/ woman.
The reasons why I dream of becoming a business man/ woman can be best summarized as the followings. (女版)In the modern world, women are no longer the subordinates of men. We have our own rights and can achieve our goals as men do. (男版)You know, my father, a great man who I admire so much, is a very successful business man and sets an excellent example for me since I was a child. So I strongly believe that I have the ability to become a successful business woman/ man. But before I realize my dream, I must make full preparations. Now I am planning to study overseas. I think it’s the first step to this dream. After my graduation, I will pursue my career in some international companies to gain more experiences. When I think my preparation is done, I will try to set up my own company. I strongly believe that with my ambition, confidence and diligence I will finally realize this dream.
(6)食物或自己国家最有特色的东西
You might hesitate about what to choose before the bewildered dozens of food. As far as I am concerned, my choice, however, is always dumplings for its uniqueness and charm. I love eating dumplings, especially ones cooked by my mum.
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