定语从句和名词性从句练习及答案
A.which
B.what
C.as
D.those
2.Isthisthefactory__________youvisitedtheotherday?
A.that
B.where
C.inwhich
D.theone
3.Isthisfactory__________someforeignfriendsvisitedlastFriday?
A.that
B.where
C.which
D.theone
4.Isthisthefactory__________heworkedtenyearsago?
A.that
B.where
C.which
D.theone
5.Thewolveshidthemselvesintheplaces__________couldn’tbefound.
A.that
B.where
C.inwhich
D.inthat
6.Thefreezingpointisthetemperature__________waterchangesintoice.
A.atwhich
B.onthat
C.inwhich
D.ofwhat
7.Thisbookwillshowyou__________canbeusedinothercontexts..
A.howyouhaveobserved
B.whatyouhaveobserved
C.thatyouhaveobserved
D.howthatyouhaveobserved
8.Thereasonis__________heisunabletooperatethemachine.
A.because
B.why
C.that
D.whether
9.I’lltellyou__________hetoldmelastweek.
A.allwhich
B.that
C.allthat
D.which
10.Thattree,__________branchesarealmostbare,isveryold.
A.whose
B.ofwhich
C.inwhich
D.onwhich
11.Ihaveboughtthesamedress__________sheiswearing.
A.as
B.that
C.which
D.what
12.Hefailedintheexamination,__________madehisfatherveryangry.
A.which
B.it
C.that
D.what
13.We’retalkingaboutthepianoandthepianist__________wereintheconcertweattendedlastnight.
A.which
B.whom
C.who
D.that
14.Thegirl__________anEnglishsonginthenextroomisTom’ssister.
A.whoissinging
B.issinging
C.sang
D.wassinging
15.Those__________notonlyfrombooksbutalsothroughpracticewillsucceed.
A.learn
B.who
C.thatlearns
D.wholearn
16.Anyone__________thisopinionmayspeakout.
A.thatagainsts
B.thatagainst
C.whoisagainst
D.whoareagainst
17.Didn’tyouseetheman__________?
A.Inoddedjustnow
B.whomInoddedjustnow
C.Inoddedtohimjustnow
D.Inoddedtojustnow
18.Canyoulendmethenovel__________theotherday?
A.thatyoutalked
B.youtalkedaboutit
C.whichyoutalkedwith
D.youtalkedabout
19.Isthereanything__________toyou?
A.thatisbelonged
B.thatbelongs
C.thatbelong
D.whichbelongs
20.----“Howdoyoulikethebook?”
----“It’squitedifferentfrom__________Ireadlastmonth.”
A.that
B.which
C.theone
D.theonewhat
21.Mr.Zhanggavethetextbooktoallthepupilsexcept__________whohadalreadytakenthem.
A.theones
B.ones
C.some
D.theothers
22.Thetrain__________shewastravellingwaslate.
A.which
B.where
C.onwhich
D.inthat
23.Hehaslostthekeytothedrawer__________thepapersarekept.
A.where
B.inwhich
C.underwhich
D.which
24.Antarctic__________weknowverylittleiscoveredwiththickicealltheyearround.
A.which
B.where
C.that
D.aboutwhich
25.It’sthethirdtime__________latethismonth.
A.thatyouarrived
B.whenyouarrived
C.thatyou’vearrived
D.whenyou’vearrived
26.Itwasin1969__________theAmericanastronautsucceededinlandingonthemoon.
A.that
B.which
C.when
D.inwhich
27.Maythefourthistheday__________weChinesepeoplewillneverforget.
A.which
B.when
C.onwhich
D.aboutwhich
28.WearegoingtospendtheSpringFestivalinGuangzhou,__________livemygrandparentsandsomerelatives.
A.which
B.that
C.who
D.where
29.Thehotel__________duringourholidaysstandsbytheseaside.
A.westayedat
B.wherewestayedat
C.westayed
D.inthatwestayed
30.Isitinthatfactory__________“RedFlag”carsareproduced?
A.inwhich
B.where
C.which
D.that
31.ItistheSuezCanal__________separatesAsia__________Africa.
A.which,to
B.where,from
C.that,from
D.that,with
32.Underthebridge,however,almostdirectlybelow,__________wasasmallcanoe,withaboyinit.
A.there
B.where
C.it
D.which
33.Heisnot__________afool__________.
A.such,asheislooked
B.such,ashelooks
C.as,asheislooked
D.so,ashelooks
34.Isthatthereason__________youareinfavouroftheproposal?
A.which
B.what
C.why
D.forthat
35.HemustbefromAfrica,__________canbeseenfromhisskin.
A.that
B.as
C.who
D.what
参考答案：
1—5AADBA6—10ABCCA11—15AADAD
16—20CDDBC21—25ACBDC26—30AADAD
1.1 有关定语从句的基本概念
(1) 定语从句:就是在复合句里充当定语的从句, 它通常紧靠在所修饰的名词或代词后面。它是由关系代词和关系副词引导的从句, 其作用是作定语修饰主句的某个成分, 定语从句分为限制性和非限制性从句两种。
(2) 先行词:就是被定语从句修饰的名词或代词。
(3) 关系词:引导定语从句的词叫关系词。
1.2 有关名词性从句的基本概念
(1) 在复合句中起名词作用的从句叫名词性从句, 包括主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句。
(2) 主语从句就是在复合句中做主语的从句。主语从句常用that, whether, who, whom, whose, what, which, when, where, how, why, whatever, whoever等引导。
(3) 表语从句就是在系幼词之后作表语的句子。引导表语从句的连接除与引导主语从句的连接除词相同外, 还有as if, as though。
(4) 宾语从句就是在复合句中作宾语的从句。引导宾语从句的连接词与引导主语从句的连接词基本相同。
(5) 同位语从句就是在句中作同位语的从句。它通常放在though, idea, news, word (=news) , plan, doubt, question, face, suggestion, belief等抽象名词的后面, 说明这些词的具体内容或含义。
2 定语从句与名词性从句的用法
2.1 定语从句的用法
要想掌握定语从句, 首先必须掌握定语从句中关系词的使用。定语从句中的关系词分为两大类, 即关系代词和关系副词。首先我们看一下关系代词在定语从句中的应用, 关系代词分为指人和指物两大种。指人的关系代词有以下几个, 即:who, whose, whom, that, but等, 它们引导的定语从句先行词须是人。Who在定语从句中做主语。例如:Those who play in the river are students.Whose在定语从句中作定语, 后接名词。例如:This is the girl whose mother is an excellent teacher.而whom在定语从句中作宾语。例如:He is a man (whom) you can see everyday.关系代词that在限制性定语从句中既可以做主语也可以作宾语和表语。谈到关系代词but, 则比较特殊而且用起来有所限制。它的特殊之处在用它通常用在there be句型的否定句中, 它通常在句中做主语。例如:There is not one of us but wishes to help you.There are few of us but admire your determination.指物的关系代词有that, which和as, 它们引导的定语从句的先行词必须是物。That, which和as在定语从句中做主语、宾语和表语, 但是that只能引导限制性定语从句, 而which可以引导限制性定语从句和非限制定语从句, as只能引导非限制定语从句。例如:The park which/that.there are many flowers lies there. (which/that引导限制性定语从句) ;The park, which there are many flowers, lies there (which引导非限制定语从句) 。He is a kind man as we all know.就关系副词when, where, why的用法, 总结如下:关系副词when的使用必须具备两个条件: (1) 先行词必须是时间名词; (2) 必须在定语从句中作时间状语。否则, 我们就必须用关系代词that或which。例如:I will never forget the days when we stayed in Chengdu.I will never forget the days that/which we stayed at Chengdu four yearsago。如果先行词是地点名词, 而且在句中作地点状语, 我们应用关系副词where。否则, 我们应用关系代词that或which。例如:Heremembers the place where they met for the first time.This is the place which/that they were born in.那么先行词是the reason, 而且在定语从句中原因状语, 我们应用关系副词why。否则就用关系代词that或which。如:This is the reason why he helped us.This is the reason that/which is very important.关系副词when和where有时可用“介词+which”代替, why可用for which代替。
2.2 名词性从句的用法
名词性从句包括主语、宾语、同位语以及表语从句。主语从句常用that, whether, who, whom, whose, that, which, when, where, why, how, whatever, whoever等引导。但有时为了避免头重脚轻, 使句子平衡, 常用it作形式主语, 而将主语从句后置 (注:由连接词what, whatever, whoever等引导的主语从句一般不能用形式主语。) 引导表语从句的连接词除与引导主语从句的连接词外, 还有as if, as though。引导宾语从句的连接词与引导主语从句的连接词基本相同。掌握名词性从句同样也需首先掌握先行词。引导名词性从句的连接词分为三部分, 即连接代词、连接副词、以及连词。连接代词有what, whatever, which, whichever, who, whoever, whom, whomever, whose。连接副词有why, when, where, how等。连词有that, whether, if。连接代词中最主要要掌握what, whatever和which, whichever的用法。What, whatever在句中做主语、宾语、表语和定语, 例如:She is no longer what she used to be.而which, whichever在句中常作定语。例如:Please let me know which book I should need first.而其它的连接代词在句中的成分和定语从句的用法是一样的。关系副词why, when, where, how分别在句中作原因时间、地点、方式状语。连词that在句中不做成分, 但除在宾语从句中外一般不能省掉。whether可引导任何一种名词性从句, 但if却只能引导动词后的宾语从句。从以上的叙述中, 我们可以看到定语从句和名词性从句的主要区别就在what, that, how, whether, if这几个词中。定语从句中不会用到what, how, whether, if这几个词。而that虽然在定语从句中做成分, 但在名词性从句中不做成分只起连接作用。
3 定语从句与名词性从句的不同点和相似性
1) 定语从句在主句中作定语, 简单地说就是主句完整, 定语从句在主句用来修饰名词或名词性的成分。比如:The book that we lent is good.其中that we lent是定语, 修饰先行词“the book”去掉以后留下主干The book is good依然正确。而that是该定语从句的引导词, 在定语从句中做宾语。就是只看从句成分的话就相当于we lent the book.因为从句中和主句中都出现了“the book”, 所以应用that代替the book避免重复。而名词性从句则必须要在从句中担当一个名词性的成分, 比如在主谓宾 (A是B) 句型中, 你可以用从句来当主语或宾语 (A或B) 。在主系表 (A是咋样的) 中当主语或表语 (A和“咋样的”) , 或者作同位语, 同位语就相当于给一个名词作解释。和定语从句不同, 名词性从句除了同位语从句要在主句中做成分。比如:what I said is right在主系表结构中做主语, 如果省掉句子就变成is right这显然是错误what I said中, what是said的宾语, 相当于I said right这一点和定语从句很像。实际上, 这里的what相当于一个先行词+定语从句。比如例句可以写成: (The word that I said) is right。主语是The word is right加入成分是what I said这当然相当别扭, 所以一般写成It is right that I said. (因为这种情况下主语和表语是相同的) 。1、名词性从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句和表语从句四种。其在句子中的作用相当于一个名词, 分别做主语、宾语、同位语和表语。它们都是一个完整的句子, 都可由that引导, 且句子都用陈述语序。如:A.That she is an English teacher is known to all in our school.That she is an English teacher是由that引导的主语从句, 在句子中做主语) B.The woman that you saw is my mother. (that you saw是由that引导的定语从句, 其作用是修饰the woman的) 。
2) 名词性从句中有种特殊的叫同位语从句和定语从句很相像。如The news that he told me is... (定语) ;The news that he is our headmaster is... (同位语) 。从字面上看, 所谓同位, 就是同一位置, 表示它们说的是同一个内容。The news that he told me is...中that从句中的...只是解释说明news, 实际上是和he told me the news混在一起了而the news that he is our headmaster is...中that从句中的...是news的同位语, 一看就知that从句说的东西是news的内容。判断是否为同位语从句方法很简单, 把先行词当主语, 把从句当表语看句子的逻辑结构是不是对的, 比如上述同位语例子可以写成The news is that he is our headmaster这个句子就没有逻辑错误, 但上述定语从句例子如果写成The news is that he told me译为“这个消息是他告诉我”, 就没有逻辑了。
4 关系词和连接词
1) 定语从句中的that和which比较 (表1)
2) 名词性从句中的that和what
(1) 不省略
(1) 当that引导主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句时, that不可省。
(2) 在主+谓+it (形宾) +宾补+that从句 (真宾语) 的句型中, that不可省。
(3) 由连词and连接的两个由that引导的宾语从句中, 第二个宾语从句前的that不可省。
(2) 不做成分:that在名词性从句中不作任何句子成分。
(3) 在引导名词性定语从句时, what在句中不可省略。这一点用法与that不尽相同。一个有词义:what引导名词性从句时, 有词义。一般是…的东西/事情/话等”。一个做成分:what在引导名词性从句时, 在句中充当成分。
5 结语
定语从句和名词性从句是语法学习中及其重要的知识点, 同时也是大多数人难以攻克的难点。正确掌握和使用定语从句和名词性从句能为学生学好英语搭起一座畅通无阻的天桥。
参考文献
[1]陈琳.英语语法[M].北京:外语教学与研究出版社, 2003.
◆典型陷阱题分析◆
1.She was so angry and spoke so fast that none of us understood _______ he said meant.A.that B.what
C.that that D.what what 【陷阱】可能误选B。许多同学一看选项首先就排除了C和D，认为这样两个“引导词”叠用的情况不太可能。在A和B两个选项中，选项A肯定不行，因为它引导宾语从句时不能充当句子成分，所以便选择
了B。
【分析】正确答案选 D。第一个what 用作动词 meant 的宾语，第二个what 用作动词 said 的宾语，即在 none of us understood what what he said meant 中，none of us understood 为主句，what what he said meant 为宾语从句，而在此宾语从句中又包括有 what he said 这样一个主语从句。
2.After _______ had happened he could not continue to work there.A.which B.how C.what D.having
【陷阱】可能误选A。
【分析】最佳答案选 C。有的同学误选A，是因为认为介词后应接关系代词 which，但实际上，若填关系代词，其前没有先行词，这根据不是一个定语从句。另外，由于 had happened 缺主语，所以B和
D也不能选。请再做下面一题(答案选B)：
He pointed to ______ looked like a tomb and said, “Ghost.”
A.that B.what C.which D.as 3．“Is ______ you want to say?” asked the teacher.A.this B.that C.all that D.that all
【陷阱】根据中文字面意思误选A或B。
【分析】最佳答案选 D。假若选A或B，那么转换成陈述句即为：This is you want to say./ That is you want to say.显然句中的两个谓语动词 is与want相冲突。选D组成的句子是 Is that all you want to say? 其中的that 为句子主语，all 为表语，you want to say 为定语从句，用以修饰all。
4.“When ______ leave for Japan?” “When ______ leave for Japan is kept secret.”
A.they will, will they B.will they, they will C.they will, they will D.will they, will they 【陷阱】可能误选D，认为 when 后应用疑问句词序。
【分析】最佳答案选 B。第一个when引出的是一个特殊疑问句，故用疑问词序；第二个 when 引出的是主语从句，故其后用陈述句词序。请做以下试题(答案选C)：
(1)None knows if _______ that boy, but if _______ him, her parents will be disappointed.A.she will marry, she will marry B.she marries, she marries C.she will marry, she marries D.she marries, she will marry(2)“Where _______ go to work?” “Where _______ go to work is not known.”
A.we shall, we shall B.shall we, shall we C.shall we, we shall D.we shall, shall we 5.Someone is ringing the doorbell.Go and see ______.A.who is he B.who he is C.who is it D.who it is
【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选。
【分析】此题最佳答案为D。首先可以排除A和C，因为空格处实为一个宾语从句，所以不能用疑问句词序。另一方面，但按英语习惯，当用于指代身份不明的人时，要用代词it，而不用 he 或she等。
比较以下两句：
Mr Smith is at the door.He wants to see you.史密斯先生在门口，他想见你。Someone is at the door.It may be the postman.有个人在门口，可能是邮递员。第一句因前面指明了是 Mr Smith，所以后面用代词 he；而第二句因前面用的是不定代词
someone，说明此人身份尚不明确，故其后用了代词 it 来指代。
6.Don’t you know, my dear friend, ______ it is your money not you that she loves?
A.who B.which C.that D.what 【陷阱】此题容易误选 A或B：选 A 的同学认为这是指人的，故用who；选B的同学认为这是非限制性定语从句，两者都是误认为这是定语从句(注意没有先行词)。
【分析】其实答案应选C。that引导的是一个宾语从句，用作动词 know 的宾语，它只是被句中的插入语 my dear friend 隔开罢了。请做以下试题(答案均为C)：
(1)Everyone knows, perhaps except you, _______ your girl-friend is a cheat.A.who B.which C.that D.what(2)I think, though I could be mistaken, ______ she liked me.A.who B.which C.that D.what
(3)He told me the news, believe it or not, ______ he had earned $1 000 in a single day.A.that B.which C.as D.because 前面两题 that 引导宾语从句，后面一题 that同位语从句(修饰the news)。
◆精编陷阱题训练◆
1.They lost their way in the forest, and _______ made matters worse was that night began to fall.A.it B.which C.that D.what 2.Patience is a kind of quality — and that is ___A___ it takes to do anything well.A.what B.which C.which D.how 3.It has come to my notice _______ some of you have missed classes.A.what B.which C.that D.when 4.“What were you trying to prove to the police?” “___ I was last night.”
A.That B.When C.Where D.What 5.Country life gives him peace and quiet, which is ______ he can’t enjoy while living in big cities.A.that B.why C.where D.what 6.It is pretty well understood _______ controls the flow of carbon dioxide in and out the
atmosphere today.A.that B.when C.what D.how 7._______ she couldn’t understand was ______ fewer and fewer students showed interest in her
lessons.A.What;why B.That;what C.What;because D.Why;that 8._______ we are doing has never been done before.A.That B.What C.Which D.Whether
9.People have heard _______ the President has said;they are waiting to see _______ he will do.A.how, how B.what, what C.when, how D.that, what 10.When you answer questions in a job interview, please remember the golden rule: Always give
the monkey exactly _______ he wants.A.what B.which C.when D.that 11.These wild flowers are so special I would do _______ I can to save them.A.whatever B.that C.which D.whichever 12._______ she was invited to the ball made her very happy.A.What B.That C.When D.Because 13.Eat ______ cake you like and leave the others for ______ comes in late.A.any, who B.every, whoever C.whichever, whoever D.either, whoever 14.I had neither a raincoat nor an umbrella._______ I got wet through.A.It’s the reason B.That’s why C.There’s why D.That’s because 15.____ has helped to save the drowning girl is worth praising.A.Who B.The one C.Anyone D.Whoever 16._______ medicine works in a human body is a question _______ not everyone can understand
fully.A.How;that B.That;which C.That;which D.What;that
【答案与解析】
1.选D。what made matters worse 是主语从句(注意其后有谓语动词was)，相当于 the thing that
made matters worse。
2.选A。what 引导的是表语从句，相当于 the thing that it takes to do anything well。
3.选C。that 引导的是一个主语从句，句首的it为形式主语。
4.选 C。答句为省略句，其完整形式为 I was trying to prove to the police where I was last night，在此 where 引导的是一个宾语从句。类似地，下面选 C：
“_______ made her struggle to become an artist so hard?” “______ she was a woman.”
A.What, What B.That, That C.What, That D.That, What 5.选D。what 引导的是表语从句，what 在此相当于 the things that。
6.选 C。句首的 it 是形式主语，空格处所填词用于引导主语从句。由于该主语从句中又缺主语，故排除A、B、D。（注意：不能选 A，因为 that 引导名词性从句时不能充当句子成分）7.选 A。第一空填 what，是因为该主语从句中的动词 understand 缺宾语；why 和 because 均可引导表语从句，其区别是： why 引导表语从句强调结果，because 引导表语从句强调原因。句中空格
后文表明的是结果，故用 why。
8.B。what 在此引导主语从句且在从句作宾语，它相当于 the thing that。
9.B。两空均填 what，均用于引导宾语从句，因为两个宾语从句中的动词 said 和do 均缺宾语，而在各个选项中只有 what 可用作宾语。
10.选 A。what 引导宾语从句。由于动词 wants 缺宾语，所以填 what。句意是：当你找工作面试回答问题时，请记住这条黄金定律：永远给予对方确实想要的东西。
11.选 A。I can to save them 为 I can do to save them 之略，此句中的 do 缺宾语，故选
whatever。
12.选 B。that 在此引导主语从句，无词义，也不充当句子成分。注意不要根据中文意思选 D，因
为 because 不用于引导主语从句。
13.选 C。两个空格处均为引导宾语从句的引导词，而四个选项中两者可引导宾语从句的只有 C。14.选 B。比较 That’s why… 与 That’s because…：前者用于强调结果，后者用于强调原因。如
下面一题选 D：
I got wet all through._______ I had neither a raincoat nor an umbrella.A.It’s the reason B.That’s why C.There’s why D.That’s because
15.选 D。由 is worth praising 这一谓语可知前面是主语从句，排除不能引导从句的 B 项和 C 项；whoever 引导主语从句表示“任何……的人”，在此它相当于 anyone who。
名词从句
名词从句有四类：宾语从句、主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句。例如：
宾语从句：I don’t know where he will go.
主语从句：Where he will go is unknown.
表语从句：The problem is how we can get so much money.
同位语从句：We all feel sorry about the news that he failed in the game.
下面几点是学习名词从句要加以注意的：
1. whether和if都可以引导宾语从句表达“是否”意，(即引导宾语从句时if和whether
可以互换)但以下几种名词从句要用whether(不用if)引导：
(1) 引导主语从句，且在句首时。例：Whether he has won the tennis is not known.(但
It is not known whether/if he has won the tennis).
(2) 引导表语从句时。例The problem is whether he can get a job.
(3) 引导同位语从句时。例：I have no idea whether he will come.
(4) 介词后的whether从句。例：I worry about whether I hurt her feelings.
2. 位于句首引导主语从句的that不可忘。
例如：That he got the first place in the competition surprised all of us.
3. 在“It is suggested/proposed/ordered/a pity/no wonder/necessary/strange/…+
that从句”结构中，that从句谓语有时用(should)do这样的虚拟语气形式。
例如：It is suggested that we(should) improve the relations between us.
It is a pity that one(should) stay in one place all ones life.
It is strange that she should have failed to see her own shortcomings(缺点).
4. 在“The reason why…is that…”句式中that不要误为because.
例如：The reason why he didnt go to school yesterday is that he was ill.
5. 名词从句中that,what用法比较：
引导名词从句的that是连词，在句中无成份，无意义，而what是连接代词，what=the
thing(s) that.
例如：It was told in yesterdays newspaper that what the students had done was praised
by the factory.
I know that he will study.
I know what he will study.
That he works hard at his lessons is known to us all.
What he works hard at is known to us all.
All I ask is that you should tell the truth./He is not what(=the person that)he
used to be.他和以前大不相同了。
6. where在名词从句中的使用特点：
where在名词从句中有时可以变为“the place where”,有时可以变为“介词+the place where” 形式。例如：
主从：Where(=The place where)she has gone is still unknown.
宾从：Would you please tell me where(=the place where) Mr Smith lives?
表从：Your dictionary remains where(=in/at the place where)you put.
同位从：Have you any idea where(=of the place where) she is spending her holidays?
7. 无论是哪种名词从句都是陈述语序。例如：
I know where he lives./Please tell me what her name is.
当一个特殊疑问句本身就是陈述语序(即“主+谓+(宾)”或“主+系+表”结构)，将其变为间接引语(即宾语从句)时，无需改变语序。例如：
Whats the matter with him? She asked me what was the matter with him.
Who looks after your grandfather? He asked me who looked after my grandfather.
名词从句考点分析
1.They want to know ______ do to help us. (NMET)
A. what they can B. how they can C. how can they D. what can they
析：此题要选陈述语序项，故应排除C、D。又因how they can do不完整，do后无宾
语，故也应排除，只有A项既是陈述语序，且what they can do完整正确地表达出“他
们能做些什么”这一意思，故答案为A。
2.His teacher ______ he ______ bright and ______ he was worth teaching.
A.didn’t think;was;that B.thought;was;whether
C.didn’t think;was;× D.thought;wasnt;×
析：观察题目，可知think后跟有and连接的两个并列宾语从句，这时前一个宾语从句
的引导语that可以省略，但引导后一宾语从句的that不可省略，据此，可排除C、D
两个选项。若选B项，全句意思不通，而选择A项可表达“他的老师认为他不聪明，不
值得教”这一意思，且语法结构无误，故可定A是正确答案。
3.______ is done cannot be undone.
A.How B.That C.What D.Where
析：do一般作及物动词使用，从题干看，需选一词作主语(逻辑上是done的宾语)。
而A.How,D.Where均是副词，不能作主语，故应排除。B项that一词只能在定语从句
中作主语，不能在主语从句中作主语，也应排除。只有选what(=the thing that),才
能正确表述“凡是做的不可不做”这一意思。
4.Take care ______ you dont make mistakes in the coming exam.
A.of that B.about that C.for what D.that
析：take care是“注意”、“当心”意，后面可跟that引导的宾语从句来表达“当心
不要…”意思，据此，该题应选D。
5.To his surprise,the umbrella was not ______ he had put.
A.which B.where C.the place D.that
析：观察题干，was not后是表语，根据where在表语从句中相当于in/at the place where,
将其置于空白处则可表达“伞不在他当初放的地方”这一意思，而C选项缺少词，不可
选。A、D项皆不合用。
6.______ we cant get seems better than ______ we have.
A.what;what B.what;that C.that;that D.that;what
析：此题显然是要表达“我们得不到的东西似乎比我们得到的东西好。”这一意思，即
“A seems better that B”结构，根据what=the thing(s) that这一特点，将其置
于两空白处正好可以表达出前者比后者好这一意思，故答案为A。
7.______ we’ll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.
A.If B.Whether C.That D.Where
析：此题depends前的主语从句是一个不肯定的内容，在句首表“是否”意时，只能用
Whether,不可用If。故答案为B。
8.______ they are most interested in is ______ they can produce more and better
cars.
A.That;how B.What;how C.What;what D.That;that
析：is前面是一个主语从句，要表达“他们最感兴趣的(东西)”这一意思，只能选what
填入空白;is是表语从句，显然只有选how才能表达“如何生产更多更好的汽车”，故
答案为B。
9.He made a suggestion that the English test ______ until next Wednesday.
A.will be put off B.be put off C.will put off D.put off
析：suggestion,order,adivce等词后的同位语从句谓语要用(should)do的形式，且
该句中test与put off为被动关系，故选B。
10.I dont think ______ he said something like that is right.
A.that B.what C.whether D.when
析：此句think后是一宾语从句，这个宾语从句的主语在is之前，它是一个被动句。
因为he said something like that已经含有主、谓、宾、状等成分，只有选不表意义，
不做成分的that才合适，故选A。
定语从句
一、定语从句与引导词
定语从句是在复合句中修饰某一名词或代词的从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫做选行词，
而引导定语从句的词叫引导词，有关系代词和关系副词两类。
懂得什么样的先行词后用什么样的引导词是学好定语从句的关键。
1. 关系代词有：that,which,who,whom,whose,在定语从句中作主语、宾语中表语，whose
作定语。代人的有：who,whom,whose,that;代物的有：that,which,whose.例如：
The man who helped you is Mr White.(who代人，在定语从句中作主语)
That is the person(whom/who/that) you want to see.(whom,who,that代人，在定
语从句中作宾语，可省略)
Im not the fool(that) you thought me to be.(that代人，在定从中作表语)
A dictionary is a useful book which(=that) tells us the meaning of words(which
或that代物，在定从中作主语)
2. 关系副词有：when(指时间)，where(指地点),why(指原因)，在定语从句中作状语。
例如：Would you suggest a time(when) we can have a talk?(when可省略)
The house where they live is not very large./This is the reason why he did not came to the meeting.
注意：不是表时间的先行词都用when引导定从，不是表地点的先行词都用where引导定从。例如：Well visit the factory which(=that) makes radios.
(which或that在定从中作主语，where不可用主语，故不可用)
They still remember the happy days(which/that) they spent in Beidaihe.
(which或that在定从中作spent的宾语，when不可作宾语，故不可用)
二、限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句
限制性定语从句和主句之间不用逗号分开，修饰主句中的某一个名词或名词词组或代
词;非限制性定语从句常用逗号和主句隔开，可以修饰主句中的某一个词，也可修饰整个句子。非限制性定语从句不能用that引导，引导非限制性定语从句的关系词不能省略。非限制性定语从句例：Li Pings father, who works in a factory, is an engineer./He tore up my photo, which made me very angry.(which指代主句内容，因前后两句是因果关系，此时which不可换为as。)
He is good at physics, as is known to us all.=As is known to us all, he is good at physics.(as指代主句内容，在as is known/believed, as we all know/believe这类结构中as不可换为which)
三、只用that引导和不用that引导的场合
1. 只用that引导和不用that引导的场合
1) 当先行词既包括人又包括物时：He talked about the men and the books that attracted
him.
2) 指物的先行词被any, every, only, very, all, no等修饰时：These are the very points that interest me./Thats the only watch that I like most.
3) 指物的先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时：The first step that we are to take is very difficult./This is the second card that he gave me.
4) 先行词是指物的不定代词all,little,few,much,及everything,anything,nothing等时：There is still much that can be done about it./Have you got everything that you need?
5) 先行词是who时：Who that have seen him does not like him?
2. 不用that的场合如下：
1)非限制性定语从句中 Last night ,I saw a very good film,which was about the Long
March .
2)介词放在关系代词之前时 This is the man from whom I learnt the news
3)句中出现了that，或先行词是that时 I have found that which I was looking for.
四、“介词+关系代词”用法
1. 介词的确定应依据定语从句中短语的习惯性搭配，例如：Who is the girl with whom you just shook hands?(shake hands with…是习惯性搭配)
2. 介词常受先行词的制约(即介词和先行词的搭配)，例如：He built a telescope through which he could study the skies.(through which 即through the telescope)
3. 当关系代词作“动词+介词”固定短语的宾语时，此时因定短语中的介词不能拆开移到关系代词前。例如：This is the watch which youre looking for./He is a kind of man whom you can safely depend on.
五、几个名词后的引导词
1. situation后常用where,in which引导定语从句：Can you imagine a situation where/in
which you can use the word?
2. way(方式，方法)后常用in which或that或how引导定语从句，也可省略：Do you know the way(in which/that/how) he worked out the problem?
3. “the same+名词”，“such+名词”，“as+名词”后通常用as引导定语从句。
例如：I have the same dictionary as you(have)./Such a book as you bought is not worth buying.
定语从句考点分析
1. The best work ______ Luxun wrote and ______ I have read has been made into a film.
A.which;that B.that;× C.×;that D.×;×
析：如果两个定语从句并列，关系代词作宾语时前一句的可以省略，但后一句的不可省略，故应选C。
2. It was in 1969 ______ two Americans got to the moon by space ship.
It was 1969 ______ two Amerians got to the moon by space ship.
A.when B.which C.that D.×
析：第一句是强调时间in 1969,强调结构是“It was+强调部分+that句”，故应选C。第二句It是表时间的，先行词1969在从句中作状语，故选A。
3. Is this the house ______ Shakespeare was born?
A.at which B.which C.in which D.at where
析：观察题目，空白处只有填in which或where才能表达“这是莎士比亚出生的房子吗?”这一意思，故答案为C。
4. Is this house ______ Shakespeare was born?
A.where B.which C.in which D.at which
析：将此句变为陈述句;This house is ______ Shakespeare was born.显然is后是一表语从句，只有选where(=the place where)才能表达“这是莎士比亚的出生地”这一意思，故答案为A。
5. In the dark street,there wasn’t a single person ______ she could turn for
help.
A.to whom B.of whom C.from whom D.that
析：“介词+关系代词”要考虑短语搭配或与先行搭配，这道题短语turn to有关，故
应选A。
6. The two things ______ they felt very proud were Jims gold watch and Dellas
hair.
A.about which B.of which C.in which D.for which
析：涉及be/feel proud of短语，故答案为B。
7. Have you ever asked him the reason ______ may explain his being late.
A.why B.that C.for which D.what
析：此题易误选A、C，因为先行词是the reason,但细观察分析，定语从句缺少主语，所以答案是B。注意what不能引导定语从句。
8. Farming is difficult ______ there is no rain.
A.where B.in place C.that D.the place where
析：因为difficult是形容词，故其后不是定语从句。这儿的空白处应填引导状语从句where(=in the place where),全句表达“在没有雨水的地方耕种困难”。这一意思，可见答案为A。
9. We need the same machine ______ in your factory.
A.which is being used B.as is being used
C.that is being used D.as it is being used
析：根据“the same+先行词”后跟as引导定语从句的原则，可知答案为B。
10.______ the people,not things ______ are most important.
A.There are;who B.Those are;that C.It is;that D.It was;who
析：仔细观察分析题目，可知只有C构成强调句才有成立。当我们要检验视其为强调
句的判断是否正确时，只要将“It is (或was)…that”这三个词去掉，剩下部分读
起来正确无误，则证明判断是正确的，反之是错误的。此题如不填“It is…that”
三词，句子是The people,not things are most important.语义完整正确，说明选
C是对的。
名词从句、定语从句专练
1.______ surprised me most was the news ______ our team won.
A.That;that B.What;which C.What;that D.That;which
2.This is the only book ______ I want to read.
A.which B.that C.what D.as
3.The reason ______ I am so late is ______ the bus.
A. that;I didnt catch B.×;that I missed
C.why;because I have missed D.×;because my not catching
4. The problem ______ has been completely settled.
A.which you thought B.that you thought
C.about which you thought it D.that you thought about
5. Is this the tape-recorder you wish ______?
A.to have it repaired B.to repair it
C.to have repaired D.repairing
6. The electric toy ______ last month has gone out of order.
A.I bought it for him B.which I bought to him
C.I bought for him D.that I bought to him
7. His head soon appeared out of one of the second storey windows,______ he oculd see nothing but tress.
A.frm which B.from where C.where D.from there
8. Every minute ______ full use of to study our lessons will do our students good.
A.which makes B.that is made C.that made D.what is made
9. Will it be two months ______ we can get another one?
A.that B.when C.before D.in which
10.After graduation we should go ______ our Party needs us most.
A.to the place which B.in which C.that D.where
11.There is a popular belief among parents ______ schools are no louger interested
in handwriting.
A.who B.whose C.that D.which
12.He lent me a lot of maney,______ I couldn’t buy the TV set.
A.with it B.for which C.without which D.by which
13.Water power stations are bulit ______ big water falls.
A.which are B.which has C.where there have D.where there are
14.The direction ______ a force acts can be changed.
A.how B.which C.towards D.×
15.Was it yesterday ______ you received the letter from her?
A.when B.which C.on which D.that
16.In the end she decided to sell the house ______ windows were almost broken.
A.which B.that C.of which D.whose
17.That ______ you lent me wasn’t _____ I wanted.
A.that;all B.which;all C.that;what D.which;that
18.Each time ______ they met,they would talk long hours together.
A.during B.which C.where D.×
19.This is the third week ______ for the rubbish.
A.that they didn’t come B.they aren’t coming
C.they haven’t come D.when they haven’t come
20.On the desk ______ a Chinese brush ______ he had made drawing.
A.lay;with which B.lies;by which C.laid;in which D.lay;on which
21.Well never forget the days ______ we spent on the seashore.
A.during which B.in which C.when D.×
22.The beautiful church ______ we see there is very famous.
A.the tower which B.of whose tower C.the tower of which D.of which tower
23.The 11th Asian Games, ______ China won 183 gold medals,was held in the autumn
of 1990.
A.which B.that C.at which D.at that
24.The only thing ______ is wrong with this is ______ a friend of mine said to me
the other day.
A.which;what B.what;that C.that;what D.that;which
25.Who is he man ______ is talking with John?
A.which B.who C.what D.that
26.The farmer uses wood to build a house ______ to store grains.
A.with which B.to where C.which D.in which
27.I really dont know ______ I had my pocket picked.
A.where was it that B.it was where that
C.where it was that D.was it where that
28.He insisted that he ______ right in doing that.
A.should be B.was C.would be D.is
29.--Have you heard from Mary recently?
--Yes,she said she was thinking ______ she should do next.
A.that B.of what C.what D.how
30.Can you guess ______?
A.who that man is B.who is that man
C.what is that man D.whom that man is
31.Tom told his aunt that he ______ what he was doing during the time when he was
in the country.
A.had just asked B.had just been asked C.was just asked D.just asked
32.The reason ______ she gave for not being present was ______ the heavy snow
prevented her coming.
A.×;because B.why;because C.×;that D.why;whether
33.Air is to us ______ water is to fish.
A.what B.that C.which D.is that
34.The free ticket will be sent to ______ comes first.
A.whoever B.whomever C.whosever D.no matter who
35.______ is still unknown when the president will make a public speech.
A.It B.That C.He D.What
36.I dont know ______ is ______ I was born.
A.that;when B.that;what C.that;where D.what;where
37.It is generally considered unwise to give a child ______ he or she wants.
A.however B.whatever C.whichever D.whenever
38.Father made a promise ______ I passed the examination he would buy me a bicycle.
A.that B.if C.whether D.that if
39.As many nembers ______ were present agreed to the plan.
A.who B.that C.which D.as
40.______ can be seen from his face,he is quite satisfied.
A.That B.It C.Which D.As
名词从句、定语从句专练答案
1-5 C B B D C 6-10 C B B C D 11-15 C C D D D
16-20 D B D C A 21-25 D C C C D 26-30 D C B B A
31-35 B C A A A 36-40 C B D D D
1.“You can’t judge a book by its cover,” ______.A.as the saying goes oldB.goes as the old saying
C.as the old saying goesD.goes as old the saying
2.When I arrived, Bryan took me to see the house _____ I would be staying.A.whatB.whenC.whereD.which
3.Many countries are now setting up national parks ________ animals and plants can be protected.A.whenB.whichC.whoseD.where
4.An ecosystem consists of the living and nonliving things in an area __ interact with one another.A.thatB.whereC.whoD.what
5.We have launched another man-made satellite,is announced in today’s newspaper.A.thatB.whichC.whoD.what
6.The president of the World Bank says he has a passion for China, ______ he remembers starting as early as his childhood.A.whereB.whichC.whatD.when
7.Mo Yan was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature in 2012,made one of the Chinese people’s long-held dreams come true.A.itB.thatC.whatD.which
8.Happiness and success often come to those ________ are good at recognizing their own strengths.A.whomB.whoC.whatD.which
9.The book tells stories of the earthquake through the eyes of those ____ lives were affected.A.whoseB.thatC.whoD.which
10.________is often the case with children, Amy was better by the time the doctor arrived.A.ItB.ThatC.WhatD.As
11.There is no simple answer, _____ is often the case in science.A.asB.thatC.whenD.where
12.Finally he reached a lonely island _________ was completely cut off from the outside world.A.whenB.whereC.whichD.whom
12.John invited about 40 people to his wedding, most of ________ are family members.A.themB.thatC.whichD.whom
13.Nowadays people are more concerned about the environment _______ they live.A.whatB.whichC.whenD.where
14.He wrote a letter ______ he explains what had happened in the accident.A.whatB.whichC.whereD.how
15.The children, ________ had played the whole day long, were worn out.A.all of whatB.all of whichC.all of themD.all of whom
16.The museum will open in the spring with an exhibition and a viewing platform ________ visitors can watch the big glasshouses being built.A.whatB.whereC.whenD.why
17.He may win the competition, ____________he is likely to get into the national team.A.in which caseB.in that case
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