辽宁大学真题
选择题30个，基本是词汇题
四篇阅读理解，题量不大
写作二选一，400字，议论文
翻译基础
汉译英十五个：市场准入、售后客服支持、莫言代表作《丰乳肥臀》、中国共产党中央纪律检查委员会、政治局候补员、色香味形俱全、化境、英译汉十个：translation of pragmatic text, presidential suite, 等 篇章翻译：
汉译英两篇，一篇是就任演说中的一段，另一篇是经济方面的，关于企业在国外建厂或与当地合作，走出去
英译汉两篇，一篇是关于中药走进世界市场背景，与同仁堂的经营有关，经济类；另一篇是母亲应当怎样教育孩子，第一人称写的翻译评论：1.翻译技巧，给出中文原文及两个版本译文，比较译文优劣，中文答卷
2.用英文写译者应该具备的基本素质
百科与中文写作
百科题：填空题十个：三字经、雍正等，大部分是中国的，国外的考了英国两个党派的名称
选择题20个：国外国内都有，历史多看点，文学名著，比如热点莫言，翻译与百科都有
一、重视真题训练
高考真题与一般的模拟试题相比,更具有科学性、规范性和严密性。同时高考出题具有回归性,即高考命题对语法知识、词汇、短语和句型的考查常常涉及历届高考题考过的知识点。所以通过做近几年的高考题,就可以了解到高考的重点和热点。即了解高考“考什么”,从而有针对性地进行复习。
如近几年高考题中对before引导的时间状语从句的考查:
(2007,江西)He was told that it would be at least three months he could recover and return to work.
A.when B.before C.since D.that (A)
(2008,北京)I’m sorry you’ve been waiting so long,but it’ll still be some time Brian gets back.
A.before B.since C.till D.after (A)
从这里我们可以看出,这几年来,高考对“before”引导的时间状语从句的考查较多。据此,我们就可以把这个句型列为高考对语言知识考查的重点和热点,并引导学生对其用法进行归纳、总结:
1.It was/takes long/some time/five years before...过了很久/一段时间/五年才……
2. lt wasn’t/didn’t take long before...不久就……
3. It won’t be/take long before...不久就会……
4. It will be long / some time/five years before...要过很久/一段时间/五年才……
二、关注考点的设置
俗话说:知己知彼,百战不殆。了解了高考“考什么”,还要了解“怎样考”。笔者通过对历届高考题的研究,发现对同一个知识点的考查,考点落在不同的位置。如对句型“祈使句+or/and+陈述句”的考查,考点的设置主要有以下三种形式:
1.考点落在连接词上
(2005,辽宁)Follow your doctor’s advice, your cough will get worse.
A.or B.and C.as D.which (A)
2.考点落在陈述句的时态上
(2004,湖南)Turn on the television or open a magazine and you advertisements showing happy families.
A.will often see B. often see
C.are often seeing D. have often seen (A)
3.考点落在祈使句的动词原形上
( 2004,湖北) straight on and you will see a church.You won’t miss it.
A.Go B.Going C.If you go D.When going (A)
明白了高考对此句型的考查所在,复习时需注意三点:①区分连接词or和and的用法:陈述句部分表达肯定意思时用and,陈述句部分表达否定意思时用or。②该句型中的陈述句时态用一般将来时。③该句型前半句为以动词原形开头的祈使句。
又如对介词with的复合结构:“with+宾语/宾补”的考查,考点主要集中在“宾补”的位置。
(2007,安徽)John received an invitation to dinner,and with his work ,he gladly accepted it.
A.finished B.finishing
C.having finished D.was finished (A)
在复习过程中指导学生关注考点“宾补”的三种形式:不定式、现在分词、过去分词。弄清宾补后接不定式、现在分词、过去分词之间的区别:当宾补表示动作正在发生时要用V?鄄ing;当宾补表示动作已经发生并与宾补有被动意义时要用过去分词;当宾补表示动作将来会发生时,要用动词不定式。
此外,高考对同一个知识点考查的命题呈现出多样性,即相同的知识点在不同的题型中考查。主要出现在单项选择、完形填空和短文改错这三种题型中。
三、关注考点考查的广度与深度
近年来高考试卷中经常出现一些词、词组的用法和意义超出中学课本的要求的现象。对语言知识的考查不仅仅局限于课本上该词或词组原有的、常用的意思,而且对在词汇表中未出现过的意义及用法进行了考查。即所谓的熟词新义。这类题选用一些考生平时很熟悉的词语,但考查的却是其不为考生所熟悉的含义和用法。
高考对这些知识点的考查既源于课本又超越了课本,所以在平时的备考复习中要关注那些平时学习过,但在新的语境中产生不同意思的词汇。注意全面把握所学词汇的含义和用法,而不仅仅局限于课本原有的意思。对一些重点词汇的含义适当进行扩展和延伸,尤其要多关注兼类词、派生词、一词多义、“旧词新义”。
四、注重构建知识网络
动词及其短语的辨析及灵活运用一直是高考考查的重点。
(2006,浙江)We’re trying to ring you back,Bryan,but we think we your number incorrectly.
A.looked out B.took down
C.worked out D. brought about (B)
此处考查短语take down“记下,写下”之意。中学课本中含有“写下,记下,抄下”意义的短语就有以下几个:take down,write down,put down,set down,get down,但考生记得最牢的却是初中所学的“write down”。而对于take down的记忆可能是“取下,把……拆下来”。
因此,复习时要注重知识点之间的串联,按照知识的内在联系,将其要点进行分类整理,使之条理化、系统化和规律化,包括词汇、句型、语法、交际功能等。将孤立的知识有机地结合起来,使已学知识网络化,形成一个完整的知识体系,有效地突破重点、难点,使复习有的放矢。
五、重视针对考点的题型训练
近几年考查的语言知识有交叉现象。
(2007,江苏)My parents have always made me
about myself,even when I was twelve.
A.feeling well B.feeling good
C.feel well D.feel good (D)
此题综合考查了复合宾语及感官动词的用法。
综上所述,除了引导学生进行针对考点的备考外,还需进行试题形式的训练,分析试题命制者的出题思路,提高解题能力。
参考文献:
[1]林国辉.高中英语全能导练.高考全程复习.广西人民出版社,2006
[2]曲一线.5年高考3年模拟.首都师范大学出版社,2008
一。1。简述霍布斯和洛克关于人的自然权利的观点。
2.简述罗斯福新政。
3.简述宗教的政治功能。
4。简述美国的两党制的内容。
5.简述官僚制的弊端。
6.简述政治社会化的途径和方法。
二。1.分析政治革命和政治改革的特征，根据和条件。
2.论述你对社会主义的内涵的理解。
国际关系史（805）
一。1。简述欧洲经济共同体（EEC）的建立及其背景、宗旨和意义。
2.简述维也纳体系的建立及其主要特点。
3.简述国际联盟的建立及其效用和意义。
4.简述1929年大萧条及其对国际关系的影响。
5.简述东亚封贡体系。
6.简述“多米诺骨牌”和美国亚太军事体系的建立。二。1.论述冷战时期中美关系的变化及其原因。
2.分析东欧剧变及其国际影响。
（其中个别字可能不一样，但是问法和中心词汇没有错去，仅供参考）
2012年回忆版
一、简答题 15*6=90
1、简述20世纪三十年代美国睦邻政策的内容和影响
2、苏联集体安全政策的内容和结果
3、马歇尔计划的内容和影响
4、非战公约的内容和结果
5、拿破仑战争后欧洲国际关系的变化 6、20世纪八十年代美中苏大三角关系的变化
二、论述 30*2
1、冷战后美国推行霸权主义演变和影响
2、战后发展中国家对国际格局的影响和作用
603 政治学试题
一、简答。
1、简述利益集团在资本主义政治中的作用。
2、简述公共治理的内涵与模式。
3、简述资产阶级政党在国家政权中的地位与作用。
4、简述政党与政治团体的区别。
5、简述宗教与政治的关系。
6、简述共和制的基本内容与特点。
二、论述。
1.人权的基本内容与理论争论是什么？并谈谈你自己对这一问题的认识。
2、结合实例分析民族问题在国家政治生活中的地位
2011年暨南大学801国际关系史专业课试题
一、简答题 15*6=90 1.简述拿破仑战争时期的欧洲国际关系。
2.简述德国统一后俾斯麦所组建的联盟体系及其瓦解的过程。3.简述《九国公约》的背景、内容及其影响。4.简述1929年的经济大萧条对国际关系的影响。
5.简述《东南亚集体防御条约》的出台背景、内容及其影响。6.简述冷战后恐怖主义的发展及其对当代国际关系的影响。
二、论述题 30*2=60 1.请简单梳理联合国的产生与发展历程，并谈谈你对联合国改革问题的看法。2.分析冷战和平结束这一国际事件对国际关系以及国际关系研究的影响。
603 政治学试题
一、简答题 15*6=90 1.政党制度有哪几种类型？ 2.政治参与的影响因素是什么？
3.中国公务员制度建立的意义是什么？ 4.政治决策有哪些类型？
5.社会主义中国的政治发展道路是什么？ 6.如何理解与建设中国的社会主义政治文化？
二、论述题 30*2=60 1.民族独立国家的性质和特点是什么？
2.中国的宗教特点和中国的宗教政策是什么？
2010年暨南大学801国际关系史专业课试题
一、简述题(7选6)15*6=90 1.简述美菲战争及美国对菲律宾的侵占。
2.简述《门罗主义》的内容及其对美国外交的意义。3.谈谈你对《大西洋宪章》的看法。4.简述《中美上海公报》的内容。
5.简述战后民族解放运动的新地位和新特点。6.简述古巴导弹危机的经过、结果与影响。
二、论述题30*2=60 1.论述冷战后美欧关系的新变化。
2.从决策者、国家和国际体系等层次，仔细分析冷战结束的原因。
603政治学试题
一、简答题15*6=90 1.民主共和制的本质。2.两党制的基本特征。3.政治发展与政治稳定。
4.中国政治与传统文化的关联。5.民主的基本概念。
6.中华民族区域自治与处理民族关系的基本原则
二、论述题30*2=60 1.试论政治与宗教的关系。2.试论民主共和制的利弊。
2009年暨南大学国际关系、国际政治专业考研真题
政治学
一、简答(7选6)15分*6=90分
1、西方政治学研究的特点
2、国家的本质
3、西方资本主义国家ZF机构的组织原则
4、西方资本主义国家文官制度的特点和作用、5、政治参与的内涵
6、政治文化的特征
7、政治发展
二、论述(3选2)30分*2=60分
1、宗教与政治的关系
2、发展中国家面临的政治问题
3、文化意识对国际关系的影响
国际关系史
一、简答(7选6)15分*6=90分 1.英国的光辉独立 2.田中奏折 3.大西洋宪章 4.八一七公报
5.美单独对日媾和条约的内容 6.布雷顿森林体系的内容 7.冷战后民族主义的新特征
二、论述(3选2)30分*2=60分
1.从半个黑瞎子岛的回归论述中俄(苏)边界问题的由来和解决 2.冷战后美俄在北约东扩上的矛盾和对抗 3.结合现实论述1929—1933世界经济危机
2008年暨南大学国际关系史专业课试题 专业代码801
一.简述题(7选6)15*6=90 1.简述拿破仑大陆封锁政策的内容及影响
2.简述乔治.凯南“长电报”与美国遏制战略的形成
3.简述日本从16世纪到19世纪是如何由闭关锁国政策被迫走向开放国门政策。4.简述1939英德秘密谈判的内容和影响。
5.评价巴勒斯坦民族解放组织主席阿拉法特以及你的看法。6.简述欧盟形成的历史背景和欧盟的宗旨。7.简述万隆会议召开的背景、成果和影响。
二.论述题(3选2)30*2=60 1.论述19世纪末20世纪初美帝国主义对外扩张的特点及你的相关看法 2.结合两次世界大战,分析欧洲霸主地位衰落的过程及其启示。3论述日本争做政治大国及你的相关看法。
2008年暨南大学政治学专业课试题专业代码603
一.简述题(7选6)15*6=90 1.简述总统共和制的特征。2.简述文官制度的特点和作用。3.简述现代西方政治学研究方法。4.简述政党的特点与作用。5.简述当代日本的政治制度。
6.简述政治文化在政治生活中的功能。
7.中国实行单一制下的民族区域自治的原因。
二:论述题(3选2)30*2=60 1.论述第二次世界大战后发展中国家政治发展的特点和面临的问题。2.试从中美关系的发展历程,论述意识形态在国际政治中的作用。3.试述西方国际关系理论的三大流派和你的评述。
2007年暨南大学政治学专业课试题
一、简答题15*6=90
1、简述恩格斯关于国家起源与本质的论述。
2、比较国的人民代表大会制度与西方议会制度的异同。
3、简述政治文化及其特点。
4、简述政治发展。
5、简述中国的政党制度。
6、政治参与的内容与特点。
二、论述题2*30=60
1、试论述在政治决策过程中中国与西方的异同点。
2、试论述国际关系中的民主化。
2007年暨南大学国际关系史专业课试题
一、简答题15*6=90
1、简述俾斯麦体系的内容。
2、布列斯特和约的内容。
3、日本军国主义的根源。
4、欧盟的宗旨和运行机制。
5、简述中印边界问题。
6、简述巴尔干战争与一战的联系。
二、论述题2*30=60
1、论述凡尔赛-华盛顿体系的形成和解体。
2、论述二战后新兴的民族独立国家的发展及现状。
2006年暨南大学国际关系的考研题
一.简答题
1、简述美国独立战争时期的国际斗争
2、简述奥斯曼帝国的衰落和东方问题
3、欧洲战争策源地
4、不扩散核武器条约
5、联合国的建立和旧金山会议
6、奥斯陆协议
二、论述题
1、尼克松时期美国对外政策的调整
2、论述冷战和平结束的原因 2005年暨南大学国际关系专业硕士生入学试题 考试科目:国际政治学
一、名词解释（共6题)1.国际法的作用
2.自然环境的作用
3.意识形态
4.国际冲突的新特点
5.经济外交的内容和作用
二、论述题(共2题)1.试评两种不同的和平观。
2.试用国际政治关系解释当前的美欧关系。
2005年暨南大学国际关系专业硕士生入学试题
考试科目:国际关系史
一、简答题(共6题)1.英国的“光辉孤立”政策。
2.马歇尔计划的产生、发展及影响。
3.二战期间几次重要首脑会议内容与影响。4.<非战公约>产生北背景、内容及影响。
6.分析20世纪70年代初中美关系的解冻和逐步正常化原因。
二、论述题(共2题)1.比较一战后和二战后大国对战后世界秩序的安排。
2.以戴高乐法国的对美政策为例,论述冷战时期西方阵营的合作与分化
暨南大学2004年考研国际关系学试题
一、简述题
1、何谓国际政治格局?它包括哪些基本类型?
2、国际相互作用的基本形式是什么?
3、现代国际实力的有形构成与无形构成。
4、非国家行为主体的行为特点。
二、论述题
1、试析国际全球化的发展趋势。
2、试析冷战后中国周边安全环境的变化。
暨南大学2004年考研国际关系史试题
一、简述题
1、门罗宣言
2、一战结束后帝国主义列强的争霸计划
3、战后初期日本宪法的修改
4、杜鲁门主义
5、防止核武器扩散条约
二、论述题
1、试论述二战结束后亚洲殖民体系的瓦解及其对国际、地区格局的影响。
2、试论述冷战后联合国的繁重任务。
3、试论述冷战后美欧之间的种种矛盾。
2003年暨南大学国际政治国际关系专业试题
一、简答题
国际政治行为主体特征 2
国际社会结构特征 3
世界体系特征 4
国家利益的作用
二、论述题
1理想主义和现实主义的长处和不足 2基辛格现实主义观点特征
3战后垄断资本主义国家关系发展阶段
2003年暨南大学国际政治国际关系专业试题 国际关系史
一、简答
1、何谓奴役中国的21条、试述联合国宪章的基本内容
3、何谓独联体、何谓上海合作组织 5、何谓马歇尔计划 6、七十七国集团
二、论述
1、评述二战中的中国和美国联合作战
2、试论述毛泽东的国际战略思想
3、试论述卡特ZF对苏政策
2002年暨南大学国际政治国际关系专业试题 国际关系史
一、简答
1、苏联两次对华宣言的内容
2、列宁关于和平共处政策的论述
3、华盛顿会议上美国关于中国问题的立场
4、简述希特勒的全球战略
二、论述
1、试论述第一次世界大战的性质
2、试从日本国内因素论述亚洲策源地的形成
3、试评论太平洋战争爆发前的日美矛盾
2001年暨南大学国际政治国际关系专业试题 国际关系史
一、名词解释
1、烟台条约（1876年）
2、珍珠港事件 3、77国集团
4、联合国的主要机关
二、简答
1、简述19世纪末20世纪初英、法、美、俄四个帝国主义国家的特点。
2、美国是如何卷入第一次世界大战的？
3、简述丘吉尔富尔顿演讲的主要内容。
三、论述
尼克松ZF对全球战略的调整。
2000年暨南大学国际政治国际关系专业试题 国际关系史
一、名词解释
1、义和团运动
2、国际联盟的主要机构
3、柏林墙
二、简答
1、台湾问题的由来 2、1929年世界经济危机在日本造成的影响
3、苏德谈判（1938—1939）的主要内容
三、论述
1、试论冷战的起源与终结
2、试论国际货币基金组织的宗旨及其建设
1999年暨南大学国际政治国际关系专业试题 国际关系史
一、名词解释
1、日朝江华条约
2、荷属东印度公司
二、简答
1、英日同盟条约签订的背景
2、货币战（1929—1933）的过程
三、论述
试论述太平洋战争爆发的国际关系背景及教训
1998年暨南大学国际政治国际关系专业试题 国际关系史
一、名词解释
1、两次国际海牙和平会议
2、日俄战争
3、布列斯特—立托夫斯克和约
4、凡尔赛条约体系
二、简答
1、柏林条约的主要内容
2、“柏林备忘录”的要点
3、战后初期东南亚国家（印尼、缅甸和菲律宾）争取民族独立的斗争
三、论述
1、试论述1943年的三次英美首脑会谈
2002年
一、名词解释（30）
1、创造社
2、爱美剧
3、新月派
4、自己的园地
5、二月
6、张恨水
7、新感觉派
8、刘西渭
9、原野
10、王度庐
二、简述题（20）
1、简述萧红小说的艺术特色。
2、简述艾青在中国新诗史上的历史地位。
三、论述题（1.2任选，3必做，50）
1、谈谈鲁迅对中国现代散文（含杂文）创作的独特贡献。
2、综述四十年代的长篇小说创作。
3、写出一位你推崇的中国现代作家的创作历程及其代表作和主要艺术风格，并论述你推崇的理由。2003年
一、名词解释
1，比兴 2，桐城派 3，新写实小说 4，川端康成 5，荷马史诗
二、简答（50分，第一、二题每题15分，第三、四题每题10分）1，汉乐府民歌的思想内容和艺术特征是什么？
2，试以《第二十二条军规》为例，说明“黑色幽默”的特点。3，简述新青年在“五四”文学革命中的历史作用。4，象征型文学具有哪些基本特征？
三、论述（70分，第一题30分，必做；第二、三、四题选做二题，每题20分）1，什么是期待视野？期待视野主要呈现为哪些层次？请运用期待视野的相关理论解释文学接受活动中的某种具体现象。
2，试述唐宋古文运动的中心内容与发展过程。3，试论京派作家的小说创作成就。
4，19世纪浪漫主义文学在英国、法国分别有哪些具体表现？ 2004年
一、名词解释
1，永明体 2，公安派 3，现代评论派 4，“革命样板戏” 5，后期象征主义 6，《源氏物语》
二、简答
1，谈谈对苏轼“以诗为词”的看法。2，谈谈古希腊神话对西方文学的影响。3，简述文学概念三义。
4，简析二十世纪七、八十年代的“朦胧诗”
三、论述
1，什么是文学消费及文学消费的二重性？文学消费的理论视角对理解当下的文学现象具有怎样的启迪意义？
2，试论二十世纪三十年代的左翼小说。
3，举例阐述自然主义文学特点及其与现实主义文学的关系。4，试论《史记》的人物形象塑造艺术。2005年
一、名词解释 1，《新青年》 2，私人化写作 3，建安风骨 4，桐城派 5，阿普列尤斯 6，《我是猫》
二、简答
1，柳宗元散文的艺术特征是什么？ 2，简要评述莎士比亚的历史剧。
3，如何理解左翼文学的发生与流变？
4，什么是“本文”？文学作品的本文分哪些层面？
三、论述
1，什么是文学风格？请联系具体的作家、作品，论述文学风格的时代性、民族性和地域性。
2，在下列五部作品中，请选择一部评论之。
《废都》 《长恨歌》（长篇小说）《文化苦旅》 《暗示》 《上海宝贝》 3，试论楚辞的艺术特征及其对后世的影响。
4，举例说明十八世纪法国哲理小说的特点及其在欧洲文学史上的意义。2006年
一、名词解释
1，传奇 2，拟话本 3，九叶诗派 4，寻根文学 5，《一千零一夜》 6，狂飙突进运动
二、简答
1，试比较高适与岑参边塞诗表现风格的异同。2，以《喧哗与骚动》为例说明意识流小说的特点。3，简述“林译小说”的文学影响。4，简述构成文学活动的四个环节。
三、论述
1，什么是象征型文学？请用具体文学作品的例子来阐释其基本特征。2，试论汉代辞赋的表现特点及发展状况。
3，结合作品论述十七世纪法国古典主义作品文学特征及其对欧洲文学的影响。4，试论市场经济对中国当代文学的影响。2007年
一、名词解释
1，诗六义 2，三言二拍 3，左联 4，伤痕文学 5，《吉尔迦美什》 6，巴洛克文学
二、简答
1，简述南北朝诗歌创作大势。
2，结合具体作品论述欧洲启蒙文学的特点。3，简述文学研究会的文学主张及主要风格。
4，什么是陌生化？陌生化对于文学创造或文学话语有何意义？
三、论述
1，谈谈你对“文学是现实世界的再现”这一命题的理解和评论。2，谈谈对苏轼“以诗为词”的看法。3，试论现代主义文学的基本特征。
4，试论二十世纪九十年代当代文学的主要特征。2008年
一、名词解释
1，楚辞 2，临川四梦 3，新月派 4，新写实小说 5，俳句 6，七星诗社
二、简答
1，结合具体作品简要论述汉乐府民歌的艺术特色。
2，艾略特的《荒原》在艺术形式上体现了哪些象征主义特征？ 3，简述创造社的文学主张、主要作品及其风格。4，小说作为一种文学样式的基本特征是什么？
三、论述
1，与生活真实、科学真实相比较，艺术真实具有哪些基本特征？请联系文学创造实例从理论上阐释之。
2，谈谈你对李清照“别是一家”词学观的看法。
3，试论陀斯妥耶夫斯基对俄国文学传统的继承和突破。4，试论二十世纪八十年代中国文学的主要特征。2009年
一、名词解释
乐府 燕乐 创造社 意识流小说 存在主义文学 十二月党人
二、简答
1、试举一个明代的诗歌流派并做简单评析
2、分析〈雪国〉中驹子的形象
3、简单论述“文学研究会”的文学主张、主要作品以及风格
4、意境的主要特征是什么？
三、论述
1、为什么说文学是一种审美意识形态？举例具体文学作品，说明文学的审美性与意识形态性的内在关系。
2、有学者认为建安时期是“文的自觉”时代，谈谈你的理解。
3、论述拉斯科尔尼科夫的“理论”以及作家对这种理论的态度。
4、试论“人的文学”提出的文化语境 2010年
一、名词解释
1、枚马
2、玉台新咏
3、革命历史小说
3、《战国策》派
4、古希腊悲剧 5《吉檀迦利》
二、简答
1、介绍两个清代诗歌流派，并作简单评析
2、《喧哗与骚动》中的昆丁形象分析
3、茅盾的小说成就
4、作为文学体裁的诗有什么特点
三、分析
1、请结合具体作者、作品，分析现实主义文学的特征
2、请说说你对李清照“别是一家”词论的看法
3、陀思妥耶夫斯基作品中的戏剧性分析
4、请结合你所熟悉的作家、作品，谈谈你对“寻根”文学的看法 2011年
一、名词解释 昭明文选 常州词派 新月诗派 九叶诗人 “大学才子派” 徘句
二、简答
1.简要分析《左传》的文学性。
2.托尔斯泰《战争与和平》中的皮埃尔·别祖霍夫是一个怎样的形象？ 3.简述曹禺《雷雨》的主题。4.什么是文学批评？
三、论述
1.结合文学作品的具体实例，阐释审美意象的基本特征。
2.陈延焯《白雨斋词话》评周邦彦“前收苏、秦之终，复开姜、史之始”，请谈谈你的看法。
3.结合具体作品阐述欧美表现主义戏剧的基本特征。4.请联系鲁迅、沈从文的小说创作，论述赵树理1940年代的小说创作的特色和意义。2012年
一、名词解释
江湖诗派 竟陵派 人的文学 鸳鸯蝴蝶派 枕草子 百科全书派
二、简答
1、简述先秦政论散文的发展状况。
2、简述沈从文的文学观。
3、谈谈你对马尔克斯《百年孤独》中“百年”和“孤独”的理解。
4、什么是文学的惯例？惯例的文学观念有什么意义？
三、论述
1、什么是文学共鸣？就文学接受主体而言，产生文学共鸣的原因有哪些？
2、胡适将唐宋词分文歌者的词、诗人的词、词匠的词三个时期，谈谈你的看法。
3、结合你熟悉的作家作品，谈谈你对都市文学的认识。
4、分析波德莱尔的诗歌
《给一位交臂而过的妇女》。
大街在我的周围震耳欲聋地喧嚷。走过一位穿重孝、显出严峻的哀愁、瘦长苗条的妇女，用一只美丽的手 摇摇地撩起她那饰着花边的裙裳； 轻捷而高贵，露出宛如雕像的小腿。从她那像孕育着风暴的铅色天空
一样的眼中，我像狂妄者浑身颤动，畅饮销魂的欢乐和那迷人的优美。
文学部分
1、王孙圉论楚宝的思想内容与艺术特色
2、故乡的野菜的平和冲淡风格
3、评析“江流天地外，山色有色无”“行到水穷处，坐看云起时”
4、戴望舒《雨巷》的思想内容与艺术特色
5、曹操《步出厦门行》的思想内容与艺术特色作文：“青春的记忆”（1000字以上，诗歌除外）
法律经济部分
1、知识产权的法律特征
2、我国收入分配存在的问题
3、我国市场经济政府干预的必要性
2012年武汉大学新闻传播（综合知识）
【文学部分】
一简答30分
1.分析《宫之奇谏假道》的内容结构，以此文为例，简述《左转》的记事特点。
2.以《有所思》《上山采蘼芜》为例，谈谈汉乐府对《诗经》的继承与发展。
3.苏雪林《山窗读画记》所抒发的作者爱国情怀的情感脉络。
二论述30分
1.以《张中丞传后叙》、《送李愿归盘谷序》为例，试论韩愈古文的成就。
2.比较郭沫若《炉中煤》与闻一多《发现》在爱国情感抒发上的不同特点。
三作文40分
辛亥百年有感
【法律经济部分】50分
一、何谓环境保护法？环境保护法的基本原则有哪些？
二、什么是通货膨胀？它会带来什么影响？
三、试论社会主义道德与社会主义市场经济的关系
2011年武汉大学新闻传播（综合知识）
文学部分
一 简答（30分）
1、简述毛泽东《水调歌头·游泳》的艺术特色。
2、简述《刺世疾邪赋》在中国辞赋史上的地位。
3、通过《金铜仙人辞汉歌》简述李贺诗歌的风格特征。
二 论述（30分）
1、论述舒婷《双桅船》的思想内容及表现手法。
2、结合实例分析中国慢词（也就是长调）与小令表现手法的区别。
三 写作
以我所推崇的当代人物为题，写作一篇800-1000字的作文。
法律与经济部分
1、中国举办上海世博会的意义。有人认为，上海世博会后，长江三角洲将成为世界第六大城市区，你怎样认为？
2、什么叫金融危机？2008年的世界金融危机对中国有什么影响？
3、2010年，世界经历了各种自然灾害。什么叫自然灾害？有什
么特征？我们应该怎样认识及应对。
2010年武汉大学新闻传播（综合知识）
文学部分（60分）
一、简答题（共3小题，每小题10分，共30分）、李白《与史郎中钦听黄鹤楼上吹笛》一诗的写作背景，作者表达的思想情感，及其艺术构思上的特点。、辛弃疾《水龙吟•登建康赏心亭》一词的主旨何在？谈谈你读后的感想。3、简析闻一多《发现》作为爱国主义诗歌的特点。
二、论述题（共2小题，每小题15分，共30分）
1、（15分）王国维认为，屈原的诗歌将“北方人之感情与南方人之想象合而为一”，请联系屈原具体的诗歌作品，谈谈你的认识。
2、（15分）论贾平凹《静虚村记》的艺术风格。
法律经济部分（50分）
一、（15分）结合实际，谈谈你对传统安全威胁和非传统安全威胁的理解。
二、（15分）何谓冲突规范？它具有哪些特点？
三、（20分）当前，网络监督成为一支越来越不容忽视的力量，影响着我们的政治，经济生活，发挥着越来越重要的作用。你认为网络监督有哪些优越性？存在哪些局限性？如何加强和改进？
作文部分（40分）
以“感受建国60周年”为题
要求：800—1000字为宜，除诗歌外体裁不限
2009年武汉大学新闻传播（综合知识）中国文学：
一.论述题(15分一题）
1.刘勰在《文心雕龙情采篇》里讨论了“情”和“采”的关系，请你结合他的文章，谈谈自己的对二者的理解。
2.请分析 张爱玲《金锁记》七巧这一人物形象及文章表达的思想内容。
二.简答题（10分一题）
1.请阐述秋瑾的《黄海舟中见中俄战争地图》的写作历史背景和其表达的主题意蕴。
2.李煜《浪淘沙》（帘外雨潺潺）表达的思想感情和艺术特色。
3.《受戒》一文的创作特点（好像又是创作手法，两者意思反正差不多）
法律经济:
简答题(经济两题各15分,法律那一题20分)
1.这次金融危机说明了资本主义经济制度存在什么样的问题?并谈谈你的观点.2.经济全球化有什么积极作用和负面影响?
3.今年食品安全事故频发,请结合消费者权益法来谈谈你的观点.作文:
请以“感受2008”为题目,写一篇杂感,字数要求在800到1000之间
2008年武汉大学新闻传播（综合知识）
文学史
一 简答题
1。朱光潜。《文学的趣味》主题思想
2。《再别康桥》艺术风格。
3。李斯《谏逐客令》的论说以及运用手法。
二 赏析题10分
柳永《八声甘洲》的艺术特色
三 论述
《茶馆》所反映的社会生活
徐志摹的《再别康桥》的艺术风格
《史记 项羽本纪》中的人物形象塑造
世界经济法律
简答40分
1什么是国际私法
2什么是刑事附带民事诉讼的概念及其条件
3简要回答发达资本主义国家的对外关系政策
4世界多极化是如何在曲折中发展
作文40分
回想我的大学生活不少于1000字
2007年武汉大学新闻传播（综合知识）
一、简答
1、用《兼葭》说明诗经的艺术特色
2、曹操《短歌行》中比喻的使用及意义
3、鲁迅《秋夜》中的枣树象征着什么
4、郭沫若《炉中煤》中比喻的使用及意义
5、钱中书《论快乐》的写作特色
二、论述
1、比较李白和杜甫诗歌风格的不同
2、结合《再别康桥》谈谈徐志摩对新诗格律化所作的贡献。
三、作文
以冲突与和谐为话题写一篇议论文，1000字左右
法基世界政经
一、名词解释
1、国际经济秩序
2、全球经济问题
3、自然人与公民
4、透明度原则
二、论述
1、为什么和谐社会是有序的法制的社会
2、二战后发达资本主义国家如何调整经济政策
2006年武汉大学新闻与传播学院综合知识试题
文学部分
一、名词解释
1、论语
2、文心雕龙
3、公安派
4、十四行诗
5、意识流手法
二、简答
1、简述庄子《秋水》一文的写作特点
2、简述巴金散文 《怀念萧珊》的艺术特色
3、简述鲁迅短篇小说《伤逝》的主要艺术特点
4、简述老舍《茶馆》结构上的特点及其语言风格
作文部分:800字左右议论文 “传统与现代”
法律、经济部分
一、名词解释
1、市场经济
2、民事责任
3、消费者权力
4、金融市场
二、简答
1、简述知识产权的基本概念，种类及其特征
2、简述刑法的基本原则
—Would you like to join us in the game?
(1) —_____, for I have something to attend to. (2008福建)
(2) —_____, but I have something to attend to. (改编题)
A. I willB. I’d like to
C. I won’tD. I’m afraid not
解析(1) D，(2)B。两题均考查交际用语。题（1）中I’m afraid not表示委婉的否定或谢绝，译作“恐怕不行”。for 为并列连词，表示原因。题（2）中but为并列连词，表示转折关系，其前肯定，其后否定。类似的I’d like/love to ...but...,Thanks ...but ..., Sounds great ... but ...均表示委婉谢绝。
第二组：
(1) Some children want to challenge themselves by learning a language different from_____their parents speak at home. (2008浙江)
A. what B. that
C. whichD. one
(2) Some children want to challenge themselves by learning a language different from_____spoken by their parents at home. (改编题)
A. whatB. that
C. whichD. ones
解析 (1)A，(2)D。题（1）考查连接词。从分句their parents speak at home可知，及物动词speak缺少宾语。既要担任句子成分，又起连接作用，只能选用连接词what，由what引导的从句作介词from的宾语。题（2）考查替代词。ones替代可数名词language，且这里表复数概念，故使用复数，后续非谓语动词过去分词形式作定语。
第三组：
(1) Bill wasn’t happy about the delay of the report by Jason, and_____. (2008辽宁)
A. I was neitherB. neither was I
C. I was eitherD. either was I
(2) Bill wasn’t happy about the delay of the report by Jason, _____. (改编题)
A. I was neitherB. neither was I
C. nor was ID. nor I was
解析(1)B，(2)C。两题均考查替代。一种情况也适合后边一种情况的否定替代形式用“neither/nor+助动词+主语”结构。题（1）中 neither为副词，故须在neither前加连词以连接前后句；题（2）中nor为并列连词，其前用逗号隔开即可。
第四组：
(1) _____is known to us all is that the 2008 Olympic Games will take place in Beijing. (2008福建)
(2) _____is known to us all that the 2008 Olympic Games will take place in Beijing. (改编题)
(3) _____is known to us all, the 2008 Olympic Games will take place in Beijing. (改编题)
A. ItB. What
C. AsD. Which
解析(1) B，(2)A，(3)C。题（1），由what引导的从句作主语，后边that引导的从句作表语。题（2），it为形式主语，其后that引导的从句为真正主语；题(3)，as为关系代词，引导非限制性定语从句，用来指代后边整个句子。
第五组：
(1) Lucy’s new job paid twice as much as she had made_____in the restaurant. (2008山东)
(2) Lucy’s got a new job and she’ll not be made_____in the restaurant. (改编题)
A. workingB. work
C. to workD. worked
解析(1)A，(2)C。题（1），句中动词made表示“挣钱”，而非使役动词，要注意摆脱毗邻假象干扰，后面动词ing形式作伴随状语。句意：露西新工作的报酬是她在饭店工作的两倍。题（2）,动词made为使役动词，不定式符号to在不定式作宾补时须省略，作主补时则须加上。句意：露西找到一份新工作，因此没必要再让自己去饭店工作。
第六组：
(1) My English teacher’s humor was_____make every student burst into laughter.（2008江西）
(2) My English teacher’s humor was_____made every student burst into laughter. (改编题)
A. so as toB. such as to
C. such thatD. so that
解析(1)B,(2)C。题（1）,make为非谓语动词，选项C和D应排除，such 为代词，表这样的人或物，作表语，后续不定式表结果，其前加as to以示强调。句意：我的英语老师如此幽默，弄得大家捧腹大笑。题（2）,made为谓语动词，显然从句缺少主语。such为代词，that为关系代词，后续从句。句意：让大家捧腹大笑的就是我那英语老师的幽默。
第七组：
(1) The book was written in 1946,_____the education system has witnessed great changes. (2007山东)
(2) The book was written in 1946, and_____the education system has witnessed great changes. (改编题)
A. whenB. during which
C. since thenD. since when
解析(1) D,(2) C。题（1）,前后句用逗号隔开，为主从关系，排除选项C；从定语从句时态上考虑，只有since常与完成时连用，故排除选项A和B。when除用作关系副词引导定语从句外，还可用作代词，和介词since/by等连用，可引导疑问句或定语从句。题（2）,并列连词and提示前后句为并列关系，故只能选择时间状语since then(打那以后)。
第八组：
(1) Everything was perfect for the picnic_____the weather. (2008浙江)
(2) Everything_____the weather was perfect for the picnic. (改编题)
A. in place ofB. as well as
C. except forD. in case of
解析(1)C，(2)B。题（1），except for 强调整体与局部之间的关系，整体上肯定，局部加以修正，可译作“要不是由于”。句意：这次野餐，要不是天公作梗，一切皆遂人意。题（2），as well as相当于并列连词，用来连接两个对等的成分，构成并列关系。句意：这次野餐，一切皆遂人意，就连天公也作美。
第九组：
(1) I got to the office early that day,_____the 7:30 train from Paddington. (2008四川延考区)
A. having caughtB. caught
C. to catchD. catch
(2) _____the 7:30 train from Paddington, I got up early that day. (改编题)
A. Having caughtB. Caught
C. To catchD. Catch
解析(1)A，(2)C。题（1），动词不定式作结果状语时置于句末，不使用逗号隔开，其动作发生在主句谓语动词动作之后，表未曾预料或不好的结果，常见于only to，too ...to等中；现在分词作结果状语时置于句末，用逗号隔开，是伴随主句谓语动作而产生的一种自然结果；过去分词不可用来表示结果。题（2），置于句首表示目的时只能使用动词不定式。
第十组：
(1) —Can those_____at the back of the classroom hear me? (2008福建)
(2) —Can those who_____at the back of the classroom hear me? (改编题)
—No problem.
A. seatB. sit
C. seatedD. sat
“张老师来啦!”只听我班“调皮大王”的喊叫声，我们急急忙忙地奔回了自己的座位，赶忙从桌肚里取出一本书，假装津津有味地看着。“嗒嗒嗒嗒……”张老师严肃地走进了教室，拍了拍讲台，大声地说：“有哪位同学家里有淘宝账号的吗?”“哗”的一声，几乎全班同学都举起了小手，当然，我也不例外。张老师快速地扫了扫举手地同学，将目光停留在了我的身上，于是把我叫到了一旁，小声地对我说：“马上就要运动会了，我们班的方正是跳棒球舞，你能在淘宝网上为我们全班同学买一套棒球衣吗?”“嗯!”我听了，开心极了，一口就答应下来了，“那今天礼拜三，我下个礼拜五就把衣服送到学校!”张老师听了，对我笑了笑，点了点头，请我下去了。
一会到家，我就迅速地写好了作业，迫不及待地打开了电脑，用鼠标轻轻地点开了“淘宝”，在搜索里搜索了“儿童棒球衣”这五个字。“嚓”的一声，许多商品出现在了我的眼前，看得我眼花缭乱。
“这个不行!这个也不行!这个还是不行……这个还可以，点进去看看吧!”好不容易找到了一个好看的衣服，我先草草地看来一下衣服的型号，然后打开了“阿里巴巴”(菲菲是我，美童丫丫是店商)：
菲菲：在吗?
美童丫丫：嗯。
菲菲：你们一件衣服多少钱?
美童丫丫：119元。
菲菲：能便宜点吗?
美童丫丫：不行呢!
菲菲：90元行吗?
……
经过一番讨价还价，最终我们谈到了110元：
菲菲：黑色160，10件有吗?
美童丫丫：没呢!不好意思。
“什么!”我看了，大叫到，“居然没有!”于是我只好另找别家店铺，但是找了几家店铺都说黑色160没有。这时我突然有一种想放弃的念头：唉，都几家店铺找过去了，黑色160就那么难找吗?明天要不跟张老师说换别人买吧，张老师肯定会同意的!可我又转念一想：不行啊!今天我已经答应好张老师了的，怎么能反悔呢?而且做事怎能半途而废呢?于是我有鼓起勇气，在心里默默地喊了一声：加油!于是，我又重新拿起了鼠标，又开始找了起来。
终于，经过我的一番努力，我终于找到了一家有黑色160，10件的店家了。“耶，太棒了，终于找到了!”我高兴地一蹦三尺高!于是我跟那店家约好，下个礼拜一到货。
Part I Listening Comprehension (20 minutes)
Section A
Directions: In this section, you will hear 10 short conversations. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the question will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During (he pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.
Example:
You will hear:
You will read:
A) 2 hours.
B) 3 hours.
C) 4 hours.
D) 5 hours.
From the conversation we know that the two are talking about some work they will start at 9 o’clock in the morning and have to finish at 2 in the afternoon. Therefore, D) “5 hours” is the correct answer. You should choose [D] on the Answer Sheet and mark it with a single line trough the centre.
Sample Answer [A] [B] [C] [D]
1. A) To cancel his trip.
B) To go to bed early.
C) To catch a later flight.
D) To ask for a wake-up call.
2. A) They have different opinions as to what to do next.
B) They have to pay for the house by installments.
C) They will fix a telephone in the bathroom.
D) The man’s attitude is more sensible than the woman’s.
3. A) She will save the stamps for the man’s sister.
B) She will no longer get letters from Canada.
C) She can’t give the stamps to the man’s sister.
D) She has given the stamps to the man’s roommates.
4. A) Visiting the Brownings.
B) Writing a postcard.
C) Looking for a postcard.
D) Filling in a form.
5. A) The man should work with somebody else.
B) The man should meet his partner’s needs.
C) They should come to a compromise.
D) They should find a better lab for the project.
6. A) She can’t finish her assignment, either.
B) She can’t afford a computer right now.
C) The man can use her computer.
D) The man should buy a computer right away.
7. A) The visiting economist has given several lectures.
B) The guest lecturer’s opinion is different from Dr. Johnson’s.
C) Dr. Johnson and the guest speaker were schoolmates.
D) Dr. Johnson invited the economist to visit their college.
8. A) She’s never watched a better game.
B) Football is-her favorite pastime.
C) The game has been canceled.
D) Their team played very badly.
9. A) The man should stick to what he’s doing.
B) The man should take up a new hobby.
C) The man should stop playing tennis.
D) The man should find the cause for his failure.
10. A) An invented story.
B) A real life experience.
C) An imaginary situation.
D) A terrible nightmare.
Section B
Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.
Passage 1
Questions 11 to 13 are based on the passage you have just heard.
11. A) The name of a German town;
B) A resident of Frankfurt.
C) A kind of German sausage.
D) A kind of German bread.
12. A) He sold fast food.
B) He raised dogs.
C) He was A cook.
D) He was a Cartoonist.
13. A) Because the Americans found they were from Germany.
B) Because people thought they contained dog meat.
C) Because people had to get used to their taste.
D) Because it was too hot to eat right away.
Passage 2
Questions 14 to 16 are based on the passage you have just heard.
14. A) They give out faint cries.
B) They make noises to drive away insects.
C) They extend their water pipes.
D) They become elastic like rubber bands.
15. A) Quiet plants.
B) Well-watered plants.
C) Healthy plants.
D) Thirsty plants.
16. A) They could drive the insects away.
B) They could keep the plants well-watered.
C) They could make the plants grow faster.
D) They could build devices to trap insects.
Passage 3
Questions 17 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard.
17. A) To look for a different lifestyle.
B) To enjoy themselves.
C) For adventure.
D) For education.
18. A) There are 200 vehicles for every kilometer of roadway.
B) It has a dense population.
C) There are many museums and palaces.
D) It has many towering buildings.
19. A) It is a city of contrasts.
B) It possesses many historical sites.
C) It is an important industrial center.
D) It has many big and beautiful parks.
20. A) It helps develop our personalities.
B) It enables us to acquire first-hand knowledge.
C) It makes our life more interesting.
D) It brings about changes in our lifestyle.
Part II Reading Comprehension (35 minutes)
Directions: There are 4 reading passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line trough the centre. Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.
In the world of entertainment, TV talk shows have undoubtedly flooded every inch of space on daytime television. And anyone who watches them regularly knows that each one varies in style and format. But no two shows are more profoundly opposite in content, while at the same time standing out above the rest, than the Jerry Springer and the Oprah Winfrey shows.
Jerry Springer could easily be considered the king of “trash talk (废话)”. The topics on his show are as shocking as shocking can be. For example, the show takes the ever-common talk show themes of love, sex, cheating, guilt, hate, conflict and morality to a different level. Clearly, the Jerry Springer show is a display and exploitation of society’s moral catastrophes (灾难), yet people are willing to eat up the intriguing predicaments (困境) of other people’s lives.
Like Jerry Springer, Oprah Winfrey takes TV talk show to its extreme, but Oprah goes in the opposite direction. The show focuses on the improvement of society and an individual’s quality of life. Topics range from teaching your children responsibility, managing your work week, to getting to know your neighbors.
Compared to Oprah, the Jerry Springer show looks like poisonous waste being dumped on society. Jerry ends every show with a “final word”. He makes a small speech that sums up the entire moral of the show. Hopefully, this is the part where most people will learn something very valuable.
Clean as it is, the Oprah show is not for everyone. The show’s main target audiences are middle-class Americans. Most of these people have the time, money, and stability to deal with life’s tougher problems. Jerry Springer, on the other hand, has more of an association with the young adults of society. These are 18-to 21-year-olds whose main troubles in life involve love, relationship, sex, money and peers. They are the ones who see some value and lessons to be learned underneath the show’s exploitation.
While the two shows are as different as night and day, both have ruled the talk show circuit for many years now. Each one caters to a different audience while both have a strong following from large groups of fans. Ironically, both could also be considered pioneers in the talk show world.
21. Compared with other TV talk shows, both the Jerry Springer and the Oprah Winfrey are ________.
A) more family-oriented
B) unusually popular
C) more profound
D) relatively formal
22. Though the social problems Jerry Springer talks about appear distasteful, the audience ________.
A) remain fascinated by them
B) are ready to face up to them
C) remain indifferent to them
D) are willing to get involved in them
23. Which of the following is likely to be a topic of the Oprah Winfrey show?
A) A new type of robot.
B) Racist hatred.
C) Family budget planning.
D) Street violence.
24. Despite their different approaches, the two talk shows are both ________.
A) ironical
B) sensitive
C) instructive
D) cynical
25. We can learn from the passage that the two talk shows ________.
A) have monopolized the talk show circuit
B) exploit the weaknesses in human nature
C) appear at different times of the day
D) are targeted at different audiences
Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.
To understand the marketing concept, it is only necessary to understand the difference between marketing and selling. Not too many years ago, most industries concentrated primarily on the efficient production of goods, and then relied on “persuasive salesmanship” to move as much of these goods as possible. Such production and selling focuses on the needs of the seller to produce goods and then convert them into money.
Marketing, on the other hand, focuses on the wants of consumers. It begins with first analyzing the preferences and demands of consumers and then producing goods that will satisfy them. This eye-on-the-consumer approach is known as the marketing concept, which simply means that instead of trying to sell whatever is easiest to produce or buy for resale, the makers and dealers first endeavor to find out what the consumer wants to buy and then go about making it available for purchase.
This concept does not imply that business is benevolent (慈善的) or that consumer satisfaction is given priority over profit in a company. There are always two sides to every business transaction-the firm and the customer-and each must be satisfied before trade occurs. Successful merchants and producers, however, recognize that the surest route to profit is through understanding and catering to customers. A striking example of the importance of catering to the consumer presented itself in mid-1985, when Coca Cola changed the flavor of its drink. The non-acceptance of the new flavor by a significant portion of the public brought about a prompt restoration of the Classic Coke, which was then marketed alongside the new. King Customer ruled!
26. The marketing concept discussed in the passage is, in essence, ________.
A) the practice of turning goods into money
B) making goods available for purchase
C) the customer-centred approach
D) a form of persuasive salesmanship
27. What was the main concern of industrialists before the marketing concept was widely accepted?
A) The needs of the market.
B) The efficiency of production.
C) The satisfaction of the user.
D) The preferences of the dealer.
28. According to the passage, “to move as much of these goods as possible” (Lines 3-4, Para. 1) means “________”.
A) to sell the largest possible amount of goods
B) to transport goods as efficiently as possible
C) to dispose of these goods in large quantities
D) to redesign these goods for large-scale production
29. What does the restoration of the Classic Coke best illustrate?
A) Traditional goods have a stronger appeal to the majority of people.
B) It takes time for a new product to be accepted by the public.
C) Consumers with conservative tastes are often difficult to please.
D) Products must be designed to suit the taste of the consumer.
30. In discussing the marketing concept, the author focuses on ________.
A) its main characteristic
B) its social impact
C) its possible consequence
D) its theoretical basis
Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.
Conventional wisdom about conflict seems pretty much cut and dried. Too little conflict breeds apathy (冷漠) and stagnation (呆滞). Too much conflict leads to divisiveness (分裂) and hostility. Moderate levels of conflict, however, can spark creativity and motivate people in a healthy and competitive way.
Recent research by Professor Charles R. Schwenk, however, suggests that the optimal level of conflict may be more complex to determine than these simple generalizations. He studied perceptions of conflict among a sample of executives. Some of the executives worked for profit-seeking organizations and others for not-for-profit organizations.
Somewhat surprisingly, Schwenk found that opinions about conflict varied systematically as a function of the type of organization. Specifically, managers in not-for-profit organizations strongly believed that conflict was beneficial to their organizations and that it promoted higher quality decision making than might be achieved in the absence of conflict.
Managers of for-profit organizations saw a different picture. They believed that conflict generally was damaging and usually led to poor-quality decision making in their organizations. Schwenk interpreted these results in terms of the criteria for effective decision making suggested by the executives. In the profit-seeking organizations, decision-making effectiveness was most often assessed in financial terms. The executives believed that consensus rather than conflict enhanced financial indicators.
In the not-for-profit organizations, decision-making effectiveness was defined from the perspective of satisfying constituents. Given the complexities and ambiguities associated with satisfying many diverse constituents executives perceived that conflict led to more considered and acceptable decisions.
31. In the eyes of the author, conventional opinion on conflict is ________.
A) wrong
B) oversimplified
C) misleading
D) unclear
32. Professor Charles R. Schwenk’s research shows ________.
A) the advantages and disadvantages of conflict
B) the real value of conflict
C) the difficulty in determining the optimal level of conflict
D) the complexity of defining the roles of conflict
33. We can learn from Schwenk’s research that ________.
A) a person’s view of conflict is influenced by the purpose of his organization
B) conflict is necessary for managers of for-profit organizations
C) different people resolve conflicts in different ways
D) it is impossible for people to avoid conflict
34. The passage suggests that in for-profit organizations ________.
A) there is no end of conflict
B) expression of different opinions is encouraged
C) decisions must be justifiable
D) success lies in general agreement
35. People working in a not-for-profit organization ________.
A) seem to be difficult to satisfy
B) are free to express diverse opinions
C) are less effective in making decisions
D) find it easier to reach agreement
Questions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage.
Imagine eating everything delicious you want-with none of the fat. That would be great, wouldn’t it?
New “fake fat” products appeared on store shelves in the United States recently, but not everyone is happy about it. Makers of the products, which contain a compound called olestra, say food manufacturers can now eliminate fat from certain foods. Critics, however, say the new compound can rob the body of essential vitamins and nutrients (营养物) and can also cause unpleasant side effects in some people. So it’s up to decide whether the new fat-free products taste good enough to keep eating.
Chemists discovered olestra in the late 1960s, when they were searching for a fat that could be digested by infants more easily. Instead of finding the desired fat, the researchers created a fat that can’t be digested at all.
Normally, special chemicals in the intestines (肠) “grab” molecules of regular fat and break them down so they can be used by the body. A molecule of regular fat is made up of three molecules of substances called fatty acids.
The fatty acids are absorbed by the intestines and bring with them the essential vitamins A, D, E, and K. When fat molecules are present in the intestines with any of those vitamins, the vitamins attach to the molecules and are carried into the bloodstream.
Olestra, which is made from six to eight molecules of fatty acids, is too large for the intestines to absorb. It just slides through the intestines without being broken down. Manufacturers say it’s that ability to slide unchanged through the intestines that makes olestra so valuable as a fat substitute. It provides consumers with the taste of regular fat without any bad effects on the body. But critics say olestra can prevent vitamins A, D, E, and K from being absorbed. It can also prevent the absorption of carotenoids (类胡萝卜素), compounds that may reduce the risk of cancer, heart disease, etc.
Manufacturers are adding vitamins A, D, E, and K as well as carotenoids to their products now. Even so, some nutritionists are still concerned that people might eat unlimited amounts of food made with the fat substitute without worrying about how many calories they are consuming.
36. We learn from the passage that olestra is a substance that ________.
A) contains plenty of nutrients
B) renders foods calorie-free while retaining their vitamins
C) makes foods easily digestible
D) makes foods fat-free while keeping them delicious
37. The result of the search for an easily digestible fat turned out to be ________.
A) commercially useless
B) just as anticipated
C) somewhat controversial
D) quite unexpected
38. Olestra is different from ordinary fats in that ________.
A) it passes through the intestines without being absorbed
B) it facilitates the absorption of vitamins by the body
C) it helps reduce the incidence of heart disease
D) it prevents excessive intake of vitamins
39. What is a possible negative effect of olestra according to some critics?
A) It may impair the digestive system.
B) It may affect the overall fat intake.
C) It may increase the risk of cancer.
D) It may spoil the consumers’ appetite.
40. Why are nutritionists concerned about adding vitamins to olestra?
A) It may lead to the over-consumption of vitamins.
B) People may be induced to eat more than is necessary.
C) The function of the intestines may be weakened.
D) It may trigger a new wave of fake food production.
Part III Vocabulary (20 minutes)
Directions: There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A), B), C,) and D), Choose the ONE that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.
41. The doctors don’t ________ that he will live much longer.
A) articulate
B) anticipate
C) manifest
D) monitor
42. I suggest we put the scheme into effect, for it is quite ________.
A) eligible
B) sustainable
C) probable
D) feasible
43. The old gentleman was a very ________ looking person, with grey hair and gold spectacles.
A) respectful
B) respected
C) respective
D) respectable
44. This book is expected to ________ the best-seller lists.
A) promote
B) prevail
C) dominate
D) exemplify
45. That part of the city has long been ________ for its street violence.
A) notorious
B) responsible
C) historical
D) illegal
46. Under the guidance of their teacher, the pupils are building a model boat ________ by steam.
A) towed
B) pressed
C) tossed
D) propelled
47. Having finished their morning work, the clerks stood up behind their desks, ________ themselves.
A) expanding
B) stretching
C) prolonging
D) extending
48. England’s team, who are now superbly fit, will be doing their best next week to ________ themselves for last year’s defeat.
A) revive
B) retort
C) revenge
D) remedy
49. If you want to get into that tunnel, you first have to ________ away all the rocks.
A) haul
B) transfer
C) repel
D) dispose
50. It took us only a few hours to ________ the paper off all four walls.
A) shear
B) scrape
C) stroke
D) chip
51. The famous scientist ________ his success to hard work.
A) imparted
B) granted
C) ascribed
D) acknowledged
52. It is difficult to ________ of a plan to end poverty.
A) speculate
B) conceive
C) ponder
D) reckon
53. Now the cheers and applause ________ in a single sustained roar.
A) mingled
B) concentrated
C) assembled
D) permeated
54. Improved consumer confidence is ________ to an economic recovery.
A) crucial
B) subordinate
C) cumulative
D) satisfactory
55. Although the body is made up of many different tissues, these tissues are arranged in an ________ and orderly fashion.
A) incredible
B) intricate
C) internal
D) initial
56. If you work under a car when repairing it, you often get very ________.
A) waxy
B) slippery
C) sticky
D) greasy
57. The damage to his car was ________; therefore, he could repair it himself.
A) considerable
B) appreciable
C) negligible
D) invisible
58. My sister is quite ________ and plans to get an M. A. degree within one year.
A) aggressive
B) enthusiastic
C) considerate
D) ambitious
59. The manager tried to wave aside these issues as ________ details that would be settled later.
A) versatile
B) trivial
C) preliminary
D) alternate
60. His ________ was telling him that something was wrong.
A) intuition
B) hypothesis
C) inspiration
D) sentiment
61. This book is about how these basic beliefs and values affect important ________ of American life.
A) fashions
B) frontiers
C) facets
D) formats
62. Parents often faced the ________ between doing what they felt was good for the development of the child and what they could stand by way of undisciplined noise and destructiveness.
A) paradox
B) junction
C) dilemma
D) premise
63. Clark felt that his ________ in one of the most dramatic medical experiments of all time was worth the suffering he underwent.
A) apprehension
B) appreciation
C) presentation
D) participation
64. As one of the youngest professors in the university, Miss King is certainly on the ________ of a brilliant career.
A) threshold
B) edge
C) porch
D) course
65. The ________ lawyer made a great impression on the jury.
A) protecting
B) guarding
C) defending
D) shielding
66. Very few people understood his lecture, the subject of which was very ________.
A) dim
B) obscure
C) conspicuous
D) intelligible
67. This movie is not ________ for children to see: it contains too much violence and too many love scenes.
A) profound
B) valid
C) decent
D) upright
68. The wood was so rotten that, when we pulled, it ________ into fragments.
A) broke off
B) broke away
C) broke through
D) broke up
69. The detective and his assistant have begun to ________ the mysterious murder.
A) come through
B) look into
C) make over
D) see to
70. Sadly, the Giant Panda is one of the many species now in danger of ________.
A) extinction
B) migration
C) destruction
D) extraction
试卷二
Part IV Error Correction (15 minutes)
Directions: This part consists of a short passage. In this passage, there are altogether 10 mistakes, one in each numbered line. You may have to change a word, add a word or delete a word. Mark out the mistakes and put the corrections in the blanks provided. If you change a word, cross it out and write the correct word in the corresponding blank. If you add a word, put an insertion mark (∧) in the right place and write the missing word in the blank. If you delete a word, cross it and put a slash (/) in the blank.
Example:
Television is rapidly becoming the literature of our periods/. 1. time/times/period
Many of the arguments having/ used for the study of literature as 2. _______
a school subject are valid for ^ study of television. 3. ___the____
Until the very latest moment of his existence, man has been bound to the planet on which he originated and developed. Now he had the capability to leave that planet (71) and move out into the universe to those worlds which he has known previously only directly. Men have explored parts of (72) the moon, put spaceships in orbit around another planet and possibly within the decade will land into another planet and (73) explore it. Can we be too bold as to suggest that we may be (74) able to colonize other planet within the not—too—distant (75) future? Some have advocated such a procedure as a solution to the population problem. ship the excess people off to the moon. But we must keep in head the billions of dollars we (76) might spend in carrying out the project. To maintain the earth’s population at its present level. we would have to blast off into space 7,500 people every hour of every day of the year.
Why are we spending so little money on space (77) exploration? Consider the great need for improving many (78) aspects of the global environment, one is surely justified in his concern for the money and resources that they are poured (79) into the space exploration efforts. But perhaps we should look at both sides of the coin before arriving hasty (80) conclusions.
Part V Writing (30 minutes)
Directions: WT For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic How I Finance my College Education. You should write at least 120 words, and base your composition on the outline (given in Chinese) below:
1. 上大学的费用(tuition and fees)可以通过多种途径解决。
2. 那种途径适合我(说明理由)
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