英语作文句式总结
一、开头：
Recently, the problem of…has aroused people’s concern.最近，…问题已引起人们的关注。
Internet has been playing an increasingly important role in our day-to-day life.It has brought a lot of benefits but has created some serious problems as well.互联网已在我们的生活中扮演着越来越重要的角色。它给我们带来了许多好处，但也产生了一些严重的问题。
Nowadays ,(overpopulation)has become a problem we have to face.如今，（人口过剩）已成为我们不得不面对的问题了。It is commonly believe that…/It is a common belief that… 人们一般认为… Many people insist that… 很多人坚持认为…
With the development of science and technology ,more and more people believe that…
随着科技的发展，越来越多的人认为… A lot of people seem to think that… 很多人似乎认为…
二、引出不同观点：
People’s views on… vary person to person.Some hold that….However , others believe that…
人们对…的观点因人而异。有些人认为…然而其他人却认为… People may have different opinions on… 人们对…可能会有不同的见解。
Attitudes towards(drugs)vary from person to person.人们对待吸毒的态度因人而异。
There are different opinions among people as to… 关于…，人们的观点大不相同。
Different people hold different attitudes toward(failure).对（失败）人们的态度各不相同。
三、结尾
Taking all these factors into consideration, we naturally come to the conclusion that…
把所有这些因素加以考虑，我们自然会得出结论…
Taking into account all these factors , we reasonably come to the conclusion that…
考虑所有这些因素，我们可能会得出合理的结论… Hence/Therefore ,we’d better come to the conclusion that… 因此，我们最好得出这样的结论…
There is no doubt that(job-hopping)has its drawbacks as well as merits.毫无疑问，跳槽有优点也有缺点。
All in all ,we cannot live without … But at the same time we must try to find out mew ways to cope with the problems that would arise.总之，我们没有…是无法生活的。但同时，我们必须寻求新的解决办法来对付可能出现的新问题。
四、提出建议
It is high time that we put an end to the(trend)该是我们停止这一趋势的时候了。
It is time to take the advice of… and to put special emphasis on the improvement of…
该是采纳…的建议，并对…的进展给予特殊重视的时候了。
There is no doubt that enough concern must be paid to the problem of …毫无疑问，对…问题应予以足够的重视。
Obviously, …If we want to do something …,it is essential that… 显然，如果我们想做某事，很重要的是… Only in this way can we …只有这样，我们才能… It must be realized that…我们必须意识到…
五、预示后果
Obviously , if we don’t control the problem ,the chances are that…will lead us in danger.很明显，如果我们不能控制这一问题，很有可能我们会陷入危险。No doubt ,unless we take effective measures ,it is very likely that… 毫无疑问，除非我们采取有效措施，很可能会…
It is urgent that immediate measures should be taken to stop the situation.很紧迫的是，应立即采取措施阻止这一事态的发展。
六、论证
From my point of view , it is more reasonable to support the first opinion rather than the second.在我看来，支持第一种观点比支持第二种观点更有道理。I cannot entirely agree with the idea that … 我无法完全同意这一观点…
Personally, I am standing on the side of… 就个人而言，我站在…的一边。I sincerely believe that…我真诚地相信…
In my opinion ,it is more advisable to do…than to do… 在我个人看来，做…比做…更明智。
Finally, to speak frankly ,there is also a more practical reason why…
七、给出原因
This phenomenon exists for a number of reasons.First, …second…third…这一现象存在是有许多原因的，第一…第二…第三… Why did …?For one thing …,For anothor …Perhaps the primary reason is…为什么会…？一个原因是…另一个原因是…或许最主要的原因是…
八、列出解决办法
I quite agree with the statement that …the reasons are chiefly as
follows ：我十分赞同这一论述，即…其主要原因如下： Here are some suggestions for handling… 这是如何处理某事的一些建议
The best way to solve the troubles is…解决这些麻烦的最好办法是… People have figured out many ways to solve this problem.人们已找出许多办法来解决这个问题。
九、批判错误观点和做法
As far as something is concerned…就某事而言 It is obvious that…很显然…
It may be true that …but it doesn’t mean that… 可能…是对的，但这并不意味着…
It is natural to believe that …but we shouldn’t ignore that… 认为…是很自然的，但我们不应该忽视…
There is no evidence to suggest that…没有证据表明…
十、连接关系
1、强调
Still , indeed, apparently , oddly enough(稀奇的是)，of course , after all ,significantly ,undoubtedly , in any case(无论如何)，anyway，in fact ,especially ,obviously , clearly.2比较
Like , similarly ,likewise（同样的），in the same way ，3、对比
By contrast , on the contrary , while ,whereas , on the other hand ,unlike , instead , but , conversely ,different from , however , nevertheless ,otherwise ,yet.4、列举
For example , for instance , such as ,take …for example.5、时间
Later , next ,then ,finally , at last ,eventually ,meanwhile ,from now on ,at the same time , in the end ,immediately, now and then ,lately ,nowadays ,as soon as ,afterwards.6、顺序
First , second , third , then ,finally ,to begin with , first of all , in the first place , last , next , above all ,last but not the least.7、可能
Presumably , probably ,perhaps.8、解释
In other words , in fact ,as a matter of fact , that is.9、递进
What is more , in addition , besides ,also , furthermore , moreover , as well as.10、让步
Although , after all , in spite of …,despite , even if ,even though , though ,admittedly.11、转折 However , rather than , instead of , but , yet , on the other hand ,unfortunately , whereas.12、原因
For this reason , due to ,thanks to , because of, since ,owing to ，13、结果
As a result , thus ,therefore ,accordingly , consequently ,as consequence.14、总结
On the whole , in conclusion ,in a word ,to sum up , in brief ,in summary ,to conclude , to summarize , in short.15、其他
To a large extent ,for this purpose
十一、图表作文常用句型
As is shown in the graph…如图所示…
As can be seen from the table…从表格中可以看出… From the chart ,we know that…
All these data clearly prove the fact that… The increase of…In the city has reached to 20% The number remained the same.There was a gradual decline in 2011.十二、作文模板
1、Nowadays with the rapid development of advanced…,more and more …are commonly and widely used in everyday life.（讲重要性）
2、The popularity of digital …will have great influence on our work ,study and every life.On the other hand …,but on the other hand.(讲影响)
3、To conclude , …, …are just like a double-edged sword.With them we may have less trouble dealings with problems in life and enjoy a better-off life.However ,one point should be kept in mind that we should take sensible use of them, always being the master of them.十四、六级作文万能句子
Something will make our life more enjoyable , that is to say , sth can add color to the dull routine of everyday life.…能让我们生活更美好，也就是说，…可以给我们枯燥的生活带来色彩。
For the majority of people ,reading or learning a new skill has become the focus of their lives and the source of their happiness and contentment.对很多人来说，学习一门新技术占据了他们的生活和充实了他们的生活。
1. 陈述句的构成形式及基本用法；
2. 祈使句的构成形式及基本用法；
3. 一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句、反意疑问句的构成形式及基本用法；
4. 由what, how引导的感叹句的构成形式、用法及区别。
对于各种句子的构成形式及基本用法我们分别进行精讲精练。
一、陈述句的构成形式及基本用法
1. 陈述句：陈述句是用来陈述一个事实或表达说话人看法（包括肯定和否定）的句子。通常用降调，句末用句号“.”。
Tom has a new car.The flower isn’t beautiful.
2. 陈述句否定式的构成
(1)如果肯定陈述句的谓语部分含有助动词、情态动词或连系动词be，则只需在这些动词后加not即可构成否定式。
He is playing the guitar.（肯定）→He is not playing the guitar.（否定）
We can get there before dark.（肯定）→We can’t get there before dark.（否定）
(2)如果陈述句的谓语动词是实义动词，而其中又没有情态动词或助动词时，则需根据人称和时态在该实义动词前加don’t, doesn’t或didn’t。同时把该实义动词变为原形。
He plays the violin well.（肯定）→He doesn’t play the violin well.（否定）
She won the game.（肯定）→She didn’t win the game.（否定）
(3)如果句子是there be结构或谓语动词是have（有），除了be和have之后加not之外，句中如果有some要变为any。
There is some water in the cup.→There is not any water in the cup.
He has some books.→He has not any books.
(4)除not以外，否定词no, never, nothing, nobody, few等也可构成否定句。
There is something wrong with his bike.→There is nothing wrong with his bike.
I have seen the film.→I have never seen the film.
二、祈使句的构成形式及基本用法
祈使句是用来表示命令、请求、建议、号召等的句子，谓语动词用原形，句末用感叹号“！”或句号“.”。朗读时一般用降调。
1. 肯定的祈使句：
（1）祈使句主语是you时，you常省略，但如果要特别强调对方或表达某种强烈的情绪时可以有主语或称呼语。
Be quiet.→You be quiet!
（2）“Do+祈使句”表示一种强烈的感情或请求，do起强调作用。
Do come back at once!
Do be careful.
（3）please用在祈使句中可以表示一种客气的语气，但please用在句末时，必须用逗号与其余部分分开。
Open the window, please.
（4）Let引导祈使句时，后面需跟上人称代词或称呼语，人称代词一般只用第一、第三人称。
Let Jack wait a minute.
Let’s go to school.
（5）在祈使句中，Let’s和 Let us是有区别的。Let’s包括听话者，而Let us不包括听话者在内。这点从反意疑问句时可明显看出。
Let’s go skating, shall we? （表示内部的建议）
Let us try again, will you? （表示向别人发出请求）
2. 否定祈使句通常以Don’t或Never开头。其结构通常是：“Don’t(Never)+动词原形+其他成分”。
Don’t do that again!
Never leave today’s work for tomorrow!
Don’t be late next time!
三、一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句、反意疑问句的构成形式及基本用法
1. 一般疑问句：
（1）一般疑问句的肯定形式
一般疑问句一般是指以助动词、情态动词、be动词或have（有）开始，通常要求以yes，或no来回答的疑问句，一般疑问句读时通常用升调。
Do you know Mr. Smith?
Can you swim?
（2）一般疑问句的否定结构
①在一般疑问句的否定结构中，把副词not放在一般疑问句的主语之后。但如果用not的简略形式-n’t，则须将-n’t与一般疑问句句首的be, have，助动词或情态动词写在一起。在实际运用中，一般都采用简略式。
Are you not a football fan?=Aren’t you a football fan?
Will she not like it?=Won’t she like it?
②与汉语不同的是，英语一般疑问句否定结构的答语是否定还是肯定，全由答语的否定或肯定来决定。若答语是肯定的，则用yes加肯定结构；若答语是否定的，则用no加否定结构。
Aren’t you a football fan? 你不是足球迷吗？
Yes, I am./No, I am not.
Won’t she like it?
Yes, she will./No, she won’t.
2. 特殊疑问句：
特殊疑问句由“疑问代词或疑问副词+一般疑问句”构成，句子一般用倒装语序，但如果主语是疑问代词或由疑问代词修饰时，用陈述句的语序。特殊疑问句不能用yes或no回答，读时用降调。
Who is on duty today?
How long have you been in Beijing?
What time do you get up every morning?
What must I do now?
3. 选择疑问句：
选择疑问句是说话者提出两种或两种以上的不同情况，让对方选择回答的疑问句。其结构是“疑问句+选择部分”。选择部分由or连接，or前面的部分读升调，or后面的部分读降调。选择疑问句不能用yes或no回答，而必须作具体的选择答复。
——Is your bag yellow or black?——It’s black.
——Would you like some tea or coffee? ——Either will do.
——Which do you like better, singing or dancing? ——I like dancing better.
4. 反意疑问句：
反意疑问句是指在陈述句之后附加一个意思与之相反的简短问句，问对方是否赞同的疑问句。附加问句的否定式必须缩写。
（1）肯定的陈述句后跟否定的附加问句，否定的陈述句后跟肯定的附加问句。
I am your teacher, aren’t I?
He didn’t study hard, did he?
（2）如果陈述句中含有否定副词never（从不，决不），hardly（几乎不）或其他表示否定的代词或形容词，如nothing, none, no one, nobody, neither, few, little等，则附加问句只能用肯定式。
They hardly write to each other, do they?
He has found nothing, has he?
Few people knew the secret, did they?
（3）当反意疑问句是“否定陈述句+肯定附加问句”时，英语与汉语的回答习惯存在差异。英语回答时只看实际情况，若答语的具体内容是肯定的就用“Yes+肯定结构”，答语的具体内容是否定的就用“No+否定结构”，而译成汉语时，则必须把yes译成“不是”，把no译成“是的”。
——You won’t be away for long, will you? 你不会离开太久，是吗？
——Yes, I will. 不，我会离开很久。
——No, I won’t. 是的，我不会离开很久。
——I don’t think she’ll come by bike, will she? 我认为她不会骑自行车来，会吗？
——Yes, she will. 不，她会骑自行车来。
——No, she won’t. 是的，她不会骑自行车来。
四、由what, how引导的感叹句的构成形式、用法及区别
感叹句是表示喜、怒、哀、乐以及惊异等感情的句子。句末用感叹号“！”，读时用降调，感叹句往往由what或how引导，what修饰名词，how修饰形容词，副词或动词。
1. what引导的感叹句：
（1）What+a/an+形容词+单数可数名词+陈述句（主语+谓语）！
What a beautiful city it is!
What an interesting story she told!
（2）What+形容词+复数可数名词/不可数名词+陈述句（主语+谓语）！
What expensive watches they are!
What terrible weather it is!
2． How引导的感叹句：
（1）How+形容词/副词+陈述句（主语+谓语）！
How cold it is!How hard he works!
（2）How+陈述句（主语+谓语）！
How he loves his son!How I miss you!
（3）How+形容词+a/an+单数可数名词+陈述句（主语+谓语）！
How tall a tree it is!
（4）上述两种感叹句可以互相转换。例如：
What a clever boy he is!→How clever the boy is!
第一段：谈利1)Nowadays, __ is playing an increasingly significant role /part in our lives/society.2)Since its appearance, it has brought much benefit.3)For example, ……4)In addition, ……5)Furthermore, ……6)In fact, it’s difficult to imagine what modern life would be like if there were no __.第二段：谈弊1)However, __ can also generate some plaguing(令人苦恼的)problems as well.2)For instance, … 3)Besides, …… 4)To make things worse, ……
第三段：结论1)Nothing can be perfect and everything has two sides.__ is no exception.2)Despite these problems, __ is nevertheless mankind’s benefactor---its advantages still outweigh its disadvantages.3)We’re confident that we can overcome all the difficulties we might meet and the future of mankind will be brighter.Problems(问题类)
第一段：提现象，列问题1）Nowadays, _____ has become one of the most serious problems /hottest issues confronting us.2）For example, ……3）In addition, ……4）Furthermore, ……5）In a word, ……
第二段：列危害1)The problems brought about by--------shouldn’t be neglected.2)For instance, ……3)Besides, ……4)To make things worse, …… 5)There is no doubt that it is high time we took actions and launched a battle against __.第三段：谈解决措施1)To our relief, people have become conscious of the problems and many effective measures have been taken to solve it.2)For example, …….3)However, __ is an endless fight.There is still a long way to go to conquer the problem.Opinions(观点类)
第一段：提论题1）The recent years have seen /witnessed more and more college students taking 2）Whether has become one of the hottest/ controversial issues.3）People are sharply divided on this topic.第二段：谈论点 1）Some people hold the opinion that ……2）They argue that only by __, can we __.3）It not only …, but also….4）While some others take an opposing view.5）They maintain that if one __, he could not__ 6）They believe ……
第三段：我的看法1）As far as I’m concerned, nothing can be perfect and everything has two sides.__ is no exception.2）Obviously, both __ and __ have their own virtues and shortcomings.3）Everyone can judge them in a particular way and make his choice accordingly.3）The most important thing is to make full use of its benefits and try to avoid/minimize（缩小）.its disadvantages.Reasons(原因类)
第1句：现象。第2句：概述原因。第3，4，5句：列举原因
1）The recent years have seen __.2)Many factors contribute to this.3)On the one hand, …… 4)
On the other hand,…… 3)Furthermore, ……
句型
1.The more, the more.（平行句）
2.Only in this way/by doing so, can we…（倒装句）
3.It is __ that …（强调句）
4.What would happen, if there were no power?(虚拟语气)
这部分针对一些在写作上实在有困难的考生，列出一些经常用于作文开头、结尾以及中间过渡的句式。需要指出的是，这些句式并不仅仅可以用在命题作文中，部分句式也可以用在我们后面要介绍的漫画类作文、图表类作文以及段首句类作文中。因此，考生一定要根据 不同内容灵活运用。当然，在介绍后几种题型的作文中，我们还会列出一些专门适用于那几种题型的作文的句式。
㈠ 常用于开头的句式
1．With the rapidly growing popularity of „, the quality of our lives has been considerably changed.2．Recently, sth./the problem of„has been brought to popular attention/has become the focus of public concern.3．With the development of„, more and more people come to realize that„
4．In the past few years, there has been a boom/sharp growth/decline in„
5．It is a traditional practice to„in our society.6．It has long been considered only right and proper/perfectly justified to„
7．No one would deny that/everyone would agree that/there is no doubt that„
8．To sb’s mind/in sb’s eyes, sth.seems/means„
9．Now it is widely believed that„
10．The birth/invention of„has made an enormous/essential difference to„ But is does not mean that„
11．Sth.has changed the way our society develops, but its bright side should not keep us from following closely its dark side.12．What would our society be like if there were no„？
13．Should we put sth.above sth.else? /Should we attach as much weight to sth.as to.sth.else?
14．Sth.is just the same as„/is compared to„/is like„
15．In our life, there often appears such an occasion when„/on which„
16．One of the great men one said that„/There is an old saying that„
17．According to the recent survey/statistics, there is„percent of„
18．Nowadays, a heated debate/discussion about„is under way in China.Some people believe that„, whereas others argue that…
19．When it comes to„, most people contend that„, but other people consider that„
20．There are many advantages and disadvantages in„
㈡ 常用于结尾的句式
1． It is hoped that we should place much emphasis on/pay more attention to„
2． Only in this way/only when/only through„, will/can we„
3． As long as„, we will be able to„/the problems is bound to„
4． In the course of time/In a long run/In the long term, sth.is more likely/bound/sure to„
5． In a word, there is every/little chance/probability/possibility that„in time to come.6． Anything/anyone that/who„will have to„
7． It is high time that„
8． We should do our best in eliminating„
9． The problem is not„;the problem is„
10．In order to„, we must„
with all wildlife species.11．All the above evidence/experience/ facts goes to show that„
12．No surprising/ It is apparent that the task of„demands/requires/deserves immediate/serious/considerable attention/consideration.13．We can come to the conclusion that„
14．We then have reasons to be confident that in the near future„
15．My suggestion is that„;otherwise„
16．As for me, I have always been taking care to„ So, I„
例句：As for me, I have always been taking care to choose a goal and a right path before doing anything important.Then I will work hard and perseveringly.So, I have made some achievements and I will do better.17．So I believe a„tomorrow„will be achieved through efforts of every person.例句：So I believe a safe tomorrow of less car accidents will be achieved through efforts of every person.18．Therefore, we should not only„but„as well.例句：Therefore, we should not only realize that competition and cooperation, like two sides of the coin, have to go hand in hand, but fix more attention on how to make full use of cooperation as well.19．In short, „are the major problems to be solved to„
例句：In short, shortage of water, decrease of fertile fields and environmental pollution are the major problems to be solved to increase grain production.20．Who is to say that„?
例句：Who is to say that our scientists may not provide a better theory?
㈢ 常用的过渡句式
1． Although lots of people follow the fashion/trend, I still set my heart on„
例句：Although lots of people follow the fashion, I still set my heart on its negative effect on our society.2． For one thing„ For another„ As a third benefit/disadvantage„
例句：For one thing, some excellent students can take full advantage of the holiday to awaken their personal interests such as painting, sightseeing and so on.For another, it can provide more chances for some poor students to help make two ends meet and to get prepared for the future by taking part-time jobs.As a third benefit, for those who are far from good at a certain subject, there is a golden opportunity of catching up with other.3．It is no easy/simple task/job to furnish/identify/find every reason/cause for sth., but/while, on the whole, two/some factors shout louder/ weigh heavier than others/stand out from others.例句：It is no easy job to find every reason for the increase in the number of teenagers who run away from their homes, but, on the whole, two factors shout louder than others.First of all, ….Second, …
4．In contrast with the drawbacks/demerits/flaws of sth., sth.else can serve as a better step/move/advance in the right direction/toward the solution for the problem of…
例句：In contrast with the drawbacks caused by nuclear power, the solar power can serve as a better move toward the solution for the problem of energy crisis.5．It is true/obvious that sth can’t compete/be compared with sth else in„, but sth still enjoys/secures/possesses distinct/substantial advantage over sth else.例句：It is obvious that radio cannot compete with television in visuality, but it still possesses
substantial advantages over television.(One of these is…Another…Still another…)
6．But if„, it is easy/not difficult/hard to see/find/discover that„
例句：But if they adjust their frame of mind a little in the other direction, it is not hard for them to find that life is just as promising as before.7．Superficially/ On the surface/ At first glance/ In appearance, the issue in question seems„.But in fact/in substance/on close examination, …
例句：At first glance, the western-type democracy seems superior to any other types.But on close examination, it does not entitle every citizen of the same nation to the equal freedom to act.8．Those in favor of the issue in question argue/contend/hold/maintain/claim that„.But what they fail to consider/analyze/see/find out is that…
例句：Those in favor of euthanasia(安乐死)contend that its practice can benefit both the patient and his family.But what they fail to consider is that euthanasia may be taken advantage of for some evil or hidden purposes.9．My look on/choice of/participation in/devotion to„stems from/derives from/results from some/several chief factors.例句：My choice of the career stems from several chief factors.First„ Second„
10．A variety of/Quite a few factors have led me to do„
例句：Quite a few factors have led me to form the habit of reading
1.经济的快速发展 the rapid development of economy
2.人民生活水平的显著提高/ 稳步增长the remarkable improvement/ steady growth of people’s living standard
3.先进的科学技术 advanced science and technology
4.面临新的机遇和挑战 be faced with new opportunities and challenges
5.人们普遍认为 It is commonly believed/ recognized that„
6.社会发展的必然结果 the inevitable result of social development
7.引起了广泛的公众关注 arouse wide public concern/ draw public attention
8.不可否认 It is undeniable that„/ There is no denying that„
9.热烈的讨论/ 争论 a heated discussion/ debate
10.有争议性的问题 a controversial issue
11.完全不同的观点 a totally different argument
12.一些人 „而另外一些人 „ Some people„ while others„
13.就我而言/ 就个人而言 As far as I am concerned, / Personally,14.就„达到绝对的一致 reach an absolute consensus on„
15.有充分的理由支持 be supported by sound reasons
16.双方的论点 argument on both sides
17.发挥着日益重要的作用 play an increasingly important role in„
18.对„必不可少 be indispensable to „
19.正如谚语所说 As the proverb goes:
20.„也不例外 „be no exception
21.对„产生有利/不利的影响 exert positive/ negative effects on„
22.利远远大于弊 the advantages far outweigh the disadvantages。
23.导致，引起 lead to/ give rise to/ contribute to/ result in
24.复杂的社会现象 a complicated social phenomenon
25.责任感 / 成就感 sense of responsibility/ sense of achievement
26.竞争与合作精神 sense of competition and cooperation
27.开阔眼界 widen one’s horizon/ broaden one’s vision
28.学习知识和技能 acquire knowledge and skills
29.经济/心理负担 financial burden / psychological burden
30.考虑到诸多因素 take many factors into account/ consideration
31.从另一个角度 from another perspective
32.做出共同努力 make joint efforts
33.对„有益 be beneficial / conducive to„
34.为社会做贡献 make contributions to the society
35.打下坚实的基础 lay a solid foundation for„
36.综合素质 comprehensive quality
37.无可非议 blameless / beyond reproach
39.致力于/ 投身于 be committed / devoted to„
40.应当承认 Admittedly,41.不可推卸的义务 unshakable duty
42.满足需求 satisfy/ meet the needs of„
43.可靠的信息源 a reliable source of information
44.宝贵的自然资源 valuable natural resources
45.因特网 the Internet(一定要由冠词，字母I 大写)
46.方便快捷 convenient and efficient
47.在人类生活的方方面面 in all aspects of human life
48.环保(的)environmental protection / environmentally friendly
49.社会进步的体现 a symbol of society progress
50.科技的飞速更新 the ever-accelerated updating of science and technology
51.对这一问题持有不同态度 hold different attitudes towards this issue
52.支持前/后种观点的人 people / those in fovor of the former/ latteropinion
53.有/ 提供如下理由/ 证据 have/ provide the following reasons/ evidence
54.在一定程度上 to some extent/ degree / in some way
55.理论和实践相结合 integrate theory with practice
56.„必然趋势 an irresistible trend of„
57.日益激烈的社会竞争 the increasingly fierce social competition
58.眼前利益 immediate interest/ short-term interest
59.长远利益.interest in the long run
60.„有其自身的优缺点 „ has its merits and demerits/ advantages and disadvantages
61.扬长避短 Exploit to the full one’s favorable conditions and avoid unfavorable ones
62.取其精髓，取其糟粕 Take the essence and discard the dregs。
63.对„有害 do harm to / be harmful to/ be detrimental to
64.交流思想/ 情感/ 信息 exchange ideas/ emotions/ information
65.跟上„的最新发展 keep pace with / catch up with/ keep abreast with the latest development of …
66.采取有效措施来„ take effective measures to do sth
67.„的健康发展 the healthy development of „
68.有利有弊 Every coin has its two sides。
No garden without weeds。
69.对„观点因人而异 Views on „vary from person to person。
70.重视 attach great importance to„
71.社会地位 social status
72.把时间和精力放在„上 focus time and energy on„
73.扩大知识面 expand one’s scope of knowledge
74.身心两方面 both physically and mentally
75.有直接/间接关系 be directly / indirectly related to„
76.提出折中提议 set forth a compromise proposal
77.可以取代 “think”的词 believe, claim, maintain, argue, insist, hold the opinion/ belief that
78.缓解压力/ 减轻负担 relieve stress/ burden
79.优先考虑/发展„ give(top)priority to sth。
80.与„比较 compared with„/ in comparison with
81.相反 in contrast / on the contrary。
82.代替 replace/ substitute / take the place of
83.经不起推敲 cannot bear closer analysis / cannot hold water
84.提供就业机会 offer job opportunities
85.社会进步的反映 mirror of social progress
86.毫无疑问 Undoubtedly, / There is no doubt that„
87.增进相互了解 enhance/ promote mutual understanding
1.Different people have different opinions on this question.Some people believe that-------while others argue that------
2.I personally think that------
From my point of view-------
As far as I am concerned-------
It is my belief that-------
It is obvious/clear/ that-----
I am greatly convinced that-------
3.It goes without saying that it pays to keep early hours
4.I t can’t be denied / There is no denying that----------
5.Why not take his advice? Why don’t you take his advice?
6.You might as well stay with us（不妨做----）.//You may well turn down his invitation.（大有理由做---）
7.It seems that taking a part-time job would make sense in your situation.8.It would be a good idea for you to find a pen-friend in English-speaking countries.It would be a good idea if you could find-------
9.In my personal opinion, it would be wise of you to take immediate action.I am writing to ask you for some advice on how to learn English.11.I would appreciate it if you could offer me some advice on such a matter.12.I think I am the right person for the job you advertised.13.The answer to this question lies in the fact that rivers are being seriously polluted.14.It is important /necessary/difficult/convenient/possible for sb to do sth---
15.It plays an increasingly important part/ role in our life.16.It is(high)time for sb to do sth---It is high time that sb should do sth / sb did sth---.Its advantages can be listed as follows./ I t has the following advantages.18.It benefits us quite a lot./ It is of great benefit to us./ We can benefit greatly from it.19.It is a waste of time playing computers games.It brings more harm than good to us.21.It has a bad/ good effect on the health of the old
22.I can’t get my point across.His behavior deeply troubled me./ I was deeply troubled by his behavior.24.Recently the problem has been brought into focus.25.I seem not to be able to fit in well with others here.一些俗语
26.A man is known by the company he keeps.27.All things come to those who wait.28.Bad news has wings.29.A good beginning makes a good ending.30.Every dog has his day.31.God helps those who help themselves.32.He laughs best who laughs last.33.Health is better than wealth.34.Many hands make light work.35.Never do thing by halves.36.One man’s meat is another man’s poison.37.Opportunity knocks only once.38.Practice makes perfect.39.Rome was not built in a day.40.Time and tide wait for no man.41.There in no smoke without fire.42.The early bird catches the worm.43.Time lost can not be won again
44.Where there is a will, there is a way.45.A man becomes learned by asking questions.46.Actions speak louder than words.47.An eye for an eye and a tooth for a tooth.48.Every man has his faults.49.All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.50.Better be the head of a dog than the tail of a lion.51.Blood is thicker than water.52.Don’t put all your eggs in one basket.53.The first blow is half the battle.54.True love is giving, not taking.55.Don’t teach fish to swim.56.Better late than never.57.A friend in need is a friend indeed.连接词
A.平行、对等：and, both---and, as well as, neither---nor, not only---but also
B转折：but, yet, however, in spite of, although, otherwise, while
C.对比：on the contrary, instead of, on the other hand, just like, unlike
D.因果：so, for, therefore, as a result, because of, owing to, due to, thanks to, on account of
E.时间、顺序shortly after--, first/ second--, then, next, finally, for one
thing---for another , in the end, eventually
F.递进、强调besides, furthermore, what’s more, in addition, moreover, worse still, to make matters worse ,first of
all, above all
强调句
强调句的结构是“It is/was ... that/who ...”，that/who前面的系动词be的时态通常用一般现在时，只有当其后面的句子为过去时，才用一般过去时。判断句子是否为强调句的一般方法是将It is/was和that/who同时去掉，看剩下的部分是否可以构成一个完整的句子且句意成立。若可以且句意成立，则是强调句；反之则不是强调句。需要提醒大家的是，若“It is/was ... that/who ...”句式出现在情景交际中，则不能只靠这种方法去判断，还要结合语境。例如：
—Have you seen the film Under the Hawthorn Tree？ （2011年重庆卷）
—Of course， I have. It was in our village it was made.
A. that B. where C. when D. which
【解析】本题答案为A，考点为强调句。首先，将空格所在句子中句首的It was去掉，剩余部分仍是一个完整的句子且句意成立，故为强调句，被强调的部分是地点状语in our village。整个题干句意为：“——你看过《山楂树之恋》这部电影吗？——当然看过，这部电影就是在我们村拍摄的。”若不考虑前面的问句，B项也可以选，where引导定语从句。此时，虽然语法成立，但句意不成立，不符合整个语境。因此千万不能忽略题干给出的信息，否则就会判断错误。
倒装句
英语中的倒装句分为全部倒装（谓语置于主语之前）和部分倒装（谓语中的一部分，通常是助动词、情态动词或系动词，放在主语之前，而其余部分放在主语之后）。从近几年的高考题来看，命题者加大了对句子结构和知识面的考查力度，同时注重考查多个知识点的综合运用。这就要求考生在平时的复习和备考中注意总结，全面把握。解这类题的关键是先认真分析题干句子，若句首含有引起倒装的词或短语，再结合主语的情况判断是否要倒装且属于哪一种倒装，同时还要比较四个选项，从时态、语态等方面进行判断，最后确定该选用哪一个。例如：
1. John opened the door. There ________ he had never seen before. （2010年陕西卷）
A. a girl did stand B. a girl stood
C. did a girl stand D. stood a girl
【解析】本题答案为D，考查全部倒装句式。当here、there、thus、then等副词位于句首且句子的主语是名词时，句子用全部倒装，谓语动词要置于主语之前，四个选项中只有D项符合要求。题干句意为：“约翰打开门，一个他从未见过的姑娘站在那里。”
2. At no time ________ the rules of the game. It was unfair to punish them. （2013年辽宁卷）
A. they actually broke
B. do they actually break
C. did they actually break
D. they had actually broken
【解析】本题答案为C，考查部分倒装句式。当否定词或否定短语置于句首，句子要部分倒装。此处放在句首的是否定短语at no time （在任何时候都不，决不），句子要部分倒装，即将助动词放在主语之前，因此可以排除A和D项。再根据题干时态标志词was可以判断空白处说的是过去的情况，故选C。题干句意为：“他们实际上根本没有违反游戏规则，惩罚他们是不公平的。”
省略句
为了避免重复，使语言简练紧凑，在不损害句子结构或不引起误解的情况下，往往可省去一个或多个句子成分或词语，构成省略句。省略的基本规则是省去相同的部分，如名词、冠词，甚至是从句中与前面或后面的成分相同的词语。这类题的难点主要在以下四个方面：①不定式的省略；②定语从句中关系代词的省略；③宾语从句省略后要用so代替；④ as引导的让步状语从句中的省略。考生在备考时，要加强语感的培养和对习惯表达的记忆；在解题时，除了要分析语境，从上下文中找出相关的省略成分外，还要对省略的考查热点有所了解，从而做到有的放矢，准确找出解题突破口。例如：
1. Though ______ to see us， the professor gave us a warm welcome. （2010年全国卷II）
A. surprise B. was surprised
C. surprised D. being surprised
【解析】本题答案为C，考查省略结构和非谓语动词的综合运用。题干句意为：“虽然看到我们很惊讶，教授还是热情地欢迎我们。”根据题干句意可知，逗号后的部分是句子主干且结构完整，连词though在此引导状语从句，但从句中省略了主谓结构，补充完整应为：Though the professor was surprised to see us. 不难发现，补充完整后的从句和主句主语一致，因此从句中的主语和系动词在此完全可以省略，故正确答案为C。D项的being done结构一般译为“正在被做……”，显然不符合语境。
2. —What's the noise？ It sounds as if it comes from upstairs.
—________. It must be the window-cleaner working next door. （2010年陕西卷）
A. I'm not sure B. I hope not
C. I'd rather not D. I don't think so
【解析】本题答案为D，考查宾语从句的省略。题干句意为：“——这是什么声音？听起来好像是从楼上传来的。——我不这么认为。那一定是清洁工在隔壁擦玻璃的声音。”根据题意可知，空格处的答语省略了宾语从句，补充完整应为：I don't think the noise comes from upstairs. 其中的the noise comes from upstairs是宾语从句，可以用so来代替，故正确答案为D，意为“我不这么认为”。
省略句
从近几年的高考题来看，祈使句常见的考查形式有三种。
①祈使句+破折号+分句：分句对祈使句起补充、解释、说明作用。
②祈使句+ and/or + sb. will do：祈使句是分句的条件，分句多用一般将来时。
③祈使句用作状语从句的主句：从句多用一般现在时。
命题者常会结合非谓语动词等知识点来进行考查。解这类题的关键是要牢记常见的祈使句结构，注重标点符号的用法，排除非谓语动词的干扰（非谓语动词前置作状语，常用逗号与后面的主句隔开，说明主句中的事情发生的时间、原因、条件、目的等）。例如：
1. If you have a job， ________ yourself to it and finally you'll succeed. （2010年四川卷）
A. do devote B. don't devote
C. devoting D. not devoting
【解析】本题答案为A，考查祈使句的用法。根据固定句型结构“祈使句+ and/or + sb. will do”可知，空格处应使用动词原形，故可排除C、D两项。根据上下文可知，此处是在加强语气，故在动词原形前加助动词do，因此正确答案为A。题干句意为：“如果你有一份工作，一定要全身心投入这份工作，最终你会成功。”
2. Before you quit your job， ________ how your family would feel about your decision. （2012年重庆卷）
A. consider B. considering
C. to consider D. considered
【解析】本题答案为A，考查祈使句的用法。分析句子结构可知，before you quit your job是时间状语从句，那么后面的________ how your family would feel about your decision一定是句子的主句。在所给的选项当中，B、C、D三个选项都无法和how引导的从句构成句子，只有A项可以和how引导的从句构成祈使句，故正确答案为A。题干句意为：“在你辞职之前，想想你的家人对你的决定会有什么感受。”
反意疑问句
纵观历届高考真题，反意疑问句的考点主要集中在“反意疑问部分”。反意疑问句由两部分组成，前一部分是一个陈述句，后一部分是一个简短的疑问句。若前一部分为肯定形式，则后一部分为否定形式；若前一部分为否定形式，那后一部分为肯定形式。两部分的人称和时态应保持一致，这是考生答题的关键。为便于掌握，大家不妨牢记这个口诀：反意疑问并不难，陈述疑问句中含。前后肯否恰相反，否定词缀不能算。主谓时态要一致，特殊情况记心田。例如：
1. I told them not everybody could run as fast as you did， ______？ （2011年重庆卷）
A. could he B. didn't I
C. didn't you D. could they
【解析】本题答案为B，考查反意疑问句。本题陈述部分为肯定，根据口诀“前后肯否恰相反”可知，附加部分应为否定形式，故可排除A、D两项。反意疑问句的基本原则就是与主句的主谓保持一致。本句的主句是“I told them ...”，后面的反意疑问部分要与主句的主谓保持一致，故正确答案为B。本题中含有一个宾语从句，可能会导致一些同学误选C，因此掌握上述口诀和原则很重要。题干句意为：“我告诉他们，并非每个人都可以跑得和你一样快，不是吗？”
2. There is little doubt in your mind that he is innocent， _______？ （2012年江苏卷）
A. is there B. isn't there
C. is he D. isn't he
【解析】本题答案为A，考查反意疑问句。根据前面there be句中含有否定意义的词little可知，后面的反意疑问部分要用肯定形式，故排除B、D两项。同时，其主谓应与陈述部分的主谓保持一致，故选A。题干句意为：“毫无疑问，在你心中他是无辜的，是吗？”
感叹句
感叹句通常由what、how引导，表示赞美、惊叹、喜悦等情感。What后接名词，how后接形容词或副词，其他部分用陈述句语序。感叹句中对what和how的选用关键要看形容词后面是否有名词，如果有就用what，如果没有就用how。为便于掌握，大家在备考时可以记一下这个口诀：What、how如何选？先在后面把名词找。若有名词用what，若无名词必用how。What、how提句首，其他紧跟别忘了。主谓一起挪最后，常常可以被省掉。例如：
_______ a strange plant！ I've never seen it before. （2011年辽宁卷）
A. Which B. What
C. How D. Whether
【解析】本题答案为B，考查感叹句。英语感叹句的结构有三种：① What （+ a/an） + adj. + n. +主语+谓语！ ② How + adj./adv. +主语+谓语！ ③ How +句子！ 根据题干和选项可以判断空格所在的句子是一个感叹句，是“What + a/an + adj. + n. （+ it is/was）”的省略结构，故选B。题干句意为：“多么奇怪的一种植物啊！我以前从来没见过它。”
主谓一致
主谓一致常见的考查题型有单项选择、完形填空、书面表达、单句改错、短文改错等。高考对主谓一致的考查主要集中在对知识点记忆情况的考查，因此考生必须要牢记主谓一致遵循的三个原则（语法一致、意义一致和就近一致原则）的具体内容。做这类题时，首先要找出句子的真正主语，然后根据具体的知识点做出判断。多数情况下，大家根据句子的主语形式就能判定，但有的则要看整句的意思及强调的内容。例如：
1. Barbara is easy to recognize as she's the only one of the women who ________ evening dress. （2010年全国卷II）
A. wear B. wears
C. has worn D. have worn
【解析】本题答案为B，考查定语从句的主谓一致。首先，根据语境可知，题干陈述的是Barbara的日常情况，可以确定时态用一般现在时，故排除C、D两项。然后根据定语从句主谓一致规则可知，当先行词是“one of +复数名词”时，定语从句的谓语动词要用第三人称复数形式；当先行词是“the only one of +复数名词”时，定语从句的谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式。故正确答案为B，who实际上指的是Barbara一人。题干句意为：“芭芭拉是那些女士中唯一一个常穿晚礼服的人，所以她很容易被认出来。”
2. Generally， students' inner motivation with high expectations from others _______ essential to their development. （2013年江苏卷）
A. is B. are C. was D. were
【解析】本题答案为A，考查主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，句子主语为students' inner motivation with high expectations from others，中心词为inner motivation，其谓语显然要用单数，可排除B、D两项。再根据generally （一般来说）可知，题干陈述的是通常情况，所以用一般现在时。故正确答案为A。题干句意为：“一般来说，别人对其期望很高的学生的内在动力对其自身的发展至关重要。”
以上就是近五年高考英语对特殊句式考查的几个主要方面，大家在备考过程中要熟悉每一个考点所涉及的知识点，并要不断总结相应的解题思路和方法，才能在高考中完胜特殊句式。
作者简介：
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