初中英语语法代词习题

初中英语语法代词习题（精选6篇）

初中英语语法代词习题 篇1

物主代词一般可以分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词，下面就是对他们两个的具体介绍。

物主代词的基本用法

物主代词分形容词性物主代词(my, your, his, her, its, our, your, their)和名词性物主代词(mine, yours, his, hers, its, ours, yours, theirs)。

形容词性物主代词在句只用作定语；名词性物主代词则不能用作定语，但可以用作主语、宾语、表语、连用of作定语。

如：His son is taller than hers. 他的.儿子比她的儿子高。

Her son is a friend of ours. 她的儿子是我们的朋友。

Ours is a great country. 我们的国家是一个伟大的国家

This is my desk and that’s hers. 这是我的书桌，那是她的书桌。

She clasped Helen’s hand in both hers. 她用双手握住海伦自手。

My view is the very opposite of his. 我的看法和他的看法恰恰相反。

He lives in the house which is opposite ours. 他住在我们家对面的房子里。

Our school beat theirs at baseball. 棒球赛我们学校打赢了他们的学校。

This is your pen. Mine is in the box. 这是你的铅笔，我的在铅笔盒里。

初中英语语法代词习题 篇2

对疑问代词语法化的共时性考察正是基于上述事实:疑问代词的疑问用法和各种非疑问用法构成一个连续体,体现着不同的语法化程度。本文在共时层面上展开对英语疑问代词的语法化研究,并深入挖掘其背后的认知机制。

1 英语疑问代词的非疑问用法及语法化路径

以what为例,1a)-1d)从共时角度体现了疑问代词what的语法化过程,其存疑度从1a)到1d)逐步下降,语法化程度却逐步升高。

1)a.What is your name?

b.She asked what my job was.

c.Nobody knows what will happen next.

d.What awful weather!

1a)中what为典型疑问用法;1b)-1c)为非疑问用法,wha的存疑度下降并指称逐步泛化,客观上不再具备确定的指称信息;当发展到1d),what已完全虚化为感叹语气的标记词。

由此可见,疑问代词的各种非疑问用法正是其语法化过程的体现。因此,在下文中,拟将把对各种非疑问用法语法特征的讨论归结为对疑问词各种语法化路径的探讨。通过对语料的分析,按照疑问代词所充当的句法成分,可将其非疑问用法(即语法化路径)划分为三种类型:

路径一:充当名词性从句中的连接代词

路径二:充当关系从句中的关系代词

路径三:充当感叹句标记词

要理解这些“语言形式和意义的演变”的理据所在,有必要进一步探索隐藏于它们背后的语法化认知机制。

2 英语疑问代词语法化的认知机制

不同学者对于语法化机制有不同的认识(Hopper&Traugott,2003;Bybee,1994;王寅,2005)。对于疑问代词而言,主观化、重新分析和转喻是其语法化的主要的认知机制。

2.1 主观化

对于主观化与语法化的关系,Traugott(1995)强调主观化是语法化的一个重要机制,并指出语法化中的主观化表现在如下几个互相联系的方面:“由命题功能变为言谈功能;由客观意义变为主观意义;由非认识情态变为认识情态;由非句子主语变为句子主语;由句子主语变为言者主语;由自由形式变为粘着形式。”(Traugott,1995)由此可发现,疑问代词的泛指、遍指、感叹等非疑问用法都包含有明显的主观化印记。某种程度上,疑问代词非疑问用法的语法化程度也是对其主观化程度的反映——说话人所说的每句话都是对自己的思想和观点的编码(语言的主观性),而不单单局限于对客观现实的陈述;当说话者将疑问代词置于一个非疑问句的句法环境和存疑度为零的语义环境时,就会采用特殊句式、语气等手段以体现其个人的情感和态度,而这种结构的发展、形成并固定有赖于主观化机制(唐燕玲,2009)。

从英语疑问代词的各条语法化路径来看,主观化机制主要体现在三个方面:首先,疑问代词的遍指用法(常现于路径一)具有较强的主观性。说话人往往通过疑问代词的遍指功能来表达自己对某件事的肯定或否定的态度。

2)I would not go,no matter who he was.

3)I would not go,no matter what he offered me.

如2)和3)所示,疑问词who和what的询问和传疑功能已经消失,不再表示客观语境,带有主观标记性,表示“任何什么人(或东西)都”,是说话人对某类人或事的概括,意义变得越来越植根于说话人对命题内容的主观信念和态度,已经是完全主观化的成分。此外,特殊句式“no matter+疑问代词”常现于此类用法,所以,某种程度上来说,疑问代词典型语义特征的消失与句法环境的改变密切相关。在这个过程中,客观语言形式逐渐获得抽象语用功能,而这种抽象的演变过程就是主观化过程。

其次,疑问代词在某些句法环境下可以自主地选择省略或保留(常现于路径二),而不影响句子的语法正确性。如,说话人可以按个人意愿选择保留关系代词的4a)或者选择省略关系代词的4b),而不会受到任何语法上的谴责,且对语义没有任何影响。

4)a.The watch which you gave me keeps perfect time.

b.The watch you gave me keeps perfect time.

根据语言的“省力原则”,人们更倾向于省略关系代词。可就目前的语料看,“省略”策略的使用频率与文体有关——较于书面语,口语中更有可能省略关系代词。说话人主观上保留或省略关系代词体现出了他们对语用情景的自主反馈。在符合语法规范的前提下,疑问关系代词的省略与否受到说话人对文体的主观判断与期待。因此,是否在语言形式或结构上省略关系代词依赖于说话人的主观意愿。而这种“双选的”结构是否会逐渐演变为一道“单选题”,即演变为单一的语法化现象(“保留”或“省略”),则由包括“省力原则”在内的多种因素共同决定。

再次,疑问代词what用作感叹句标记词(路径三)也昭示着语法化过程中的主观化机制。如,1a)到1d)的变化也体现了主观化过程。说话人通过借助疑问代词形式向原本的名词短语或陈述句添加了个人或惊叹或欣喜的人际意义,体现了语言的主观性特征,并逐渐发展为典型的感叹句结构。

总之,疑问词的三种常见非疑问用法都在某些方面上受到了语言主观性的影响:由最初的疑问语义和句式发展为特指、泛指、遍指、乃至纯粹的感叹标记,并最终通过主观化过程固定为特定的语言形式或句法结构,实现语法化。

2.2 重新分析与转喻

重新分析是语言变化的主要机制(Hopper&Traugott,2003),是基于部分与整体、部分与部分的邻近关系的重新组合,与认知的转喻过程相关(王寅,2005:5)。这种过程导致历史上某一时期一种语法形式同时标示两种语法意义的重叠现象/过渡阶段的出现(张秀松,2011:12)。英语疑问代词的语法化与这种语用强化密切相关:一,路径一中疑问代词向连接词的转变可归因于重新分析;二,路径三中疑问代词what转为感叹功能可视为认知转喻过程。分析如下:

重新分析是指表层相同的结构,其内部构造因语用或其他原因被重新划分边界,从而从底层上改变了音位、词法、句法的结合方式(王寅&严振松,2005:4;赵学德&王晴,2009:4)。这种语法化机制突出地表现在疑问代词充当名词性从句中的连接代词的情况(语法化路径一)。

例如,在语言形式上,5a)和5b)具有相同的表层结构。但5a)中的疑问代词who为其典型疑问用法,用以向听话人询问信息,直接引语不与He asked构成主从关系;5b)中who则被重新分析为一个连接词,用以连接主句和从句两个命题,弱化了其原有的“询问”与“传疑”的语义特征,强化了其背后所体现的逻辑语义关系或称语法关系。同理,在其他名词性从句中充当连接词的疑问代词也都可看作是重新分析的结果。

5)a.He asked:“Who has come?”

b.He asked who has come.

认知转喻机制对疑问代词语法化的影响则主要体现在路径三中疑问代词语用功能的转变,即原本具有询问功能的疑问代词what被逐渐用以表达感叹。以6)和7)为例。

6)a.What’s the weather?

b.What awful weather!

7)a.What’s the flower like?

b.What a beautiful flower!

在某些交际场合,说话人所询问的信息可以凭借自己的主观认识或外在的客观情景找到合理答案:6a)的问话人可能正好在户外,一看便知答复;7a)中,flower可能正处在问话人的感知范围内,问话人已经看到并形成了自己的主观感受(即答复)。在上述语境中,说话人可能并不太期待听话人的答复,因为这个答复在多数正常情况下会与说话人自知的答复相一致;经历过多次这种无实质意义的问答后,说话人选择直接出说自己的感受。但与此同时,为了“调节交际,协调讲话人与听话人之间互动”,句首疑问词形式得以保留,以便在传达说话人个人感受的同时,也能唤起听话人的注意与共鸣。当这种用法达到一定的重复频度,疑问代词what便彻底失去了询问的语用功能,转为感叹语气,what的语法化(路径三)得以实现。这种语气上和语用上的转换体现了转喻的语法化机制。

3 结束语

本文从共时的角度、以英语疑问代词的各种非疑问用法为出发点,分析探讨了英语疑问代词的语法化路径及其背后的认知机制。需指出的是,鉴于语言变量的多样性,难免会有一些个案不在文中所述的语法化路径及机制之列(如疑问代词what就有许多非疑问用法的固定表达,亦可视为其特有的语法化结果)。此外,虽然本文的研究仅限于疑问代词,但许多非代词类疑问词亦符合文中的部分描述,但又不尽然;因此,从语法化角度,对英语疑问词进行全面系统的探究还有很大空间。

摘要：作为认知语言学的重要内容之一,语法化研究有历时与共时两种取向。研究选取共时的研究视角,以英语疑问词的非疑问用法为切入点,从句法和语义两个维度分析其语法特征,并将之归纳为疑问代词的三条语法化路径;由此对探究疑问代词所特有的语法化认知机制(主观化、重新分析和转喻等)进行了进一步探究,并发现,某种机制可能在某条语法化路径中发挥着更为突出的作用,而在其他路径中则略显解释力不足。

关键词：英语疑问代词,语法化路径,主观化,重新分析,转喻

参考文献

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[3]Hopper P J,Traugott E C.Grammaticalization[M].北京:外语教学与研究出版社,2001.

[4]Traugott E C.Subjectification in Grammaticalization[C]//Dieter Stein,Susan Wright.Subjectivity and Subjectivisation.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,1995.

[5]石毓智,李讷.汉语语法化的历程——形态句法发展的动因和机制[M].北京:北京大学出版社,2001.

[6]石毓智.现代汉语语法系统的建立——动补结构的产生及其影响[M].北京:北京语言大学出版社,2003.

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[8]王寅,严振松.语法化的特征、动因和机制——认知语言学视野中的语法化研究[J].解放军外国语学院学报,2005(4):1-5.

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英语语法---名词、代词和冠词 篇3

名词是秃子，常要戴帽子，可数名词单，须用a或an，辅音前用a，an在元音前，若为特指时，则须用定冠，复数不可数，泛指the不见，碰到代词时，冠词均不现。【妙语诠释】

冠词是中考必考的语法知识之一，也是中考考查的主要对象。以上口诀包括的意思有：①名词在一般情况下不单用，常常要和冠词连用;②表示不确指的可数名词单数前要用不定冠词a或an，确指时要用定冠词the;③如复数名词表示泛指，名词前有this，these，my，some等时就不用冠词。英语语法---名词

(一）可数名词的复数构成 A.规则变化 1.单词后加S 2.单词后加ES(以CH等结尾的单词)3.以F或FE结尾，变为VE加S B.不规则变化

1.单复同形

deer sheep

fish

Chinese

Japanese

means 2.只有复数形式

people

police

cattl

clothes

trousers，glasses 3.不规则变化

man----men

woman----women

foot-----feet

tooth-----teeth mouse------mice

child-----children

German------Germans 4.复合名词的复数 1)将后一部分变成复数

Englishman---Englishmen gentleman---gentlemen policewoman----policewomen 2)将主要成分变成复数

looker-on----lookers-on

son-in-law----sons-in-law

3)如果前一词是man, woman，将两部分都变成复数 men doctors

women 小结

grown-up----grown-ups

名词单数变复数规则 【速记口诀】

单数变复数，规则要记住，一般加s，特殊有几处： 【妙语诠释】

①大部分单数可数名词变为复数要加s，也就是单词如果以ch，sh，s，x等结尾)，则一般加es;②以o结尾的单词除了两人(negro，hero)两菜(tomato，potato)加es外，其余一般加s;③以f或fe结尾的单词一般是把f，fe变为ve再加s;④英语中还有些单词没有规则，需要特殊记忆，如child—children，mouse—mice，deer—deer，sheep—sheep，Chinese—Chinese，ox— oxen，man—men，woman—women，foot—feet，tooth—teeth。

（二）名词所有格

1.表示有生命的东西的名词，所有格在名词后加’s Mr Li’s house

The cat’s food

James’ dog

The dogs’ food 2.表示无生命的东西的名词，用of+名词的结构来表示 The leg of the desk

the cover of the magazine 3.在时间，距离，度量，价值等名词后，可用名词所有格。Two months’ time

Today’s newspaper

fifty pounds’ weight 4.表示店铺或某人的家时，常在所有格后省去shop, home.The doctor’s

the tailor’s

my uncle’s

the barber’s 5.名词前有冠词，数词，不定代词或指示代词时，用of词组+所有格表示 a friend of John’s

that bike of Tom’s 6.某样东西为两人或多人共有，在后一个名词尾+’s.Jane and Fred’s mother

Jane’s and Fred’s mother Tom and Tim’s car

Tom’s and Tim’s car 小结

名词所有格用法 【速记口诀】

名词所有格，表物是“谁的”，若为生命词，加“’s”即可行，词尾有s，仅把逗号择;并列名词后，各自和共有，前者分别加，后者最后加;若为无生命词，of所有格，前后须倒置，此是硬规则。【妙语诠释】

①有生命的名词所有格一般加s，但如果名词以s结尾，则只加“’”;②并列名词所有格表示各自所有时，分别加“’s”，如果是共有，则只在最后名词加 “’s”;③如果是无生命的名词则用of表示所有格，这里需要注意它们的顺序与汉语不同，A of B要翻译为B的A(三)主谓一致

主语是复数，谓语用复数，主语是单数，谓语用单数。He is a student.We are students.1

and 连接两个名词，看有无the.The professor and writer is going to give us a lecture of writing.The professor and the writer are going to our school.2

主语单数+ with/as well as/ but/except/besides/including …+谓语单数

主语复数+ with/as well as/ but/except/besides/including …+谓语复数 A library with five thousand books is offered to the nation as a gift.3.有些名词复数形式作为一个整体，(如度量，距离，金额，时间，书名等）其谓语动词用单数。Two weeks ___(be)not enough to finish the work.1000 dollars ___(be)a large amount of money.4.There be 句型就近原则。

There ____ a pair of glasses on the desk.There ____ two patients and a nurse in the hospital.5.某些集体名词，如family ,team 等做主语时，若当一个整体看，谓语动词就用单数，若就其中一个一个成员来看，谓语动词就用复数，class , club, audience ,committee , crowd , government , party, public , team 等。其中population 的用法也类似

His family _____(be)a happy family.All the world ________(be)waiting for the good news.6.成双成对构成的东西，如glasses, shoes, chopsticks, scissors等作主语，谓语动词用复数形式，但与a pair一起构成作主语时，谓语动词用单数。

7．each , every+名词，谓语用单数。

Each boy and girl ________(want)to serve the people in the future.8．以 either …or , neither …nor , not only … but also，not…but…等连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词的单复数应按照就近原则。

Either you or he ______(be)to go.Not only he but also I ______(be)wrong.9.…几分之几/。。百分之几+of +名词单数 + 谓语单数

…几分之几/。。百分之几+of +名词复数 + 谓语复数 Three-fifths of money _____(have)been used up.10.…one of +复数名词 +谓语复数

英语疑问代词语法学习 篇4

who、whom、whose、what、which

它们的具体用法如下：

1、疑问代词用于句首，构成特殊疑问句，在句中可作主语、宾语、表语或定语。例如：

Who broke the window just now?

刚才是谁把窗户打破的?

这里“who”作主语。

Who is the boy in white?

那个穿白衣服的男孩是谁?

这里“who”作表语。

Whom are you talking to?

你在跟谁说话?

这里“whom”作宾语。

Whose bike is that?

那是谁的自行车?

这里“whose”作定语。

What is this?

这是什么?

这里“what”作表语。

What are you looking for?

你在找什么?

这里“what”作宾语。

What time is it?

几点了?

这里“what”作定语。

Which is your favorite subject?

你最喜欢哪个科目?

这里“which”作表语。

Which boy do you like better?

你更喜欢哪个男孩?

这里“which”作定语。

2、疑问代词可用于引导名词性从句(主语从句、宾语从句和表语从句)。例如：

What we should do depends on you.

我们该做什么取决于你。

这里“what”引导的是主语从句。

No one knows what will happen next.

谁也不知道接下来会发生什么事。

这里“what”引导的是宾语从句。

This is what we can do now.

这就是我们现在能做的。

这里“what”引导的是表语从句。

Who broke the window is still unknown.

是谁打破了玻璃还不知道。

这里“who”引导的是主语从句。

I don’t know who you are looking for.

我不知道你在找谁。

这里“who”引导的是宾语从句。

Do you know whose is the dress on the chair?

你知道椅子上的裙子是谁的吗?

这里“whose”引导的是宾语从句。

值得一提的是：

“whom”是“who”的宾格，在比较正式的书面语中用作动词或介词的宾语，例如：

Whom did they invite?

他们邀请谁了?

With whom did you go?

你是和谁一起去的?

日常口语中，我们一般用“who”代替“whom”，但用作介词宾语位于句首时，只能用“whom”，例如：

Whom did you see at the party?

你在聚会中看见谁了?

可以说：Who did you see at the party?

To whom did you write to?

你给谁写信了?

不能说：To who did you write to?

不过可以这样说：Who did you write to?

初中英语语法代词习题 篇5

Not all the children in the class passed the test.

并不是班上所有的孩子都通过了考试。

部分否定：有的通过了，有的没有通过

None of the the children in the class passed the test.

班上没有一个孩子通过了考试。

完全否定：全部没有通过

Both of the shoes are not nice.

并不是两双鞋都好看。

部分否定：可能有一双不好看

Neither of the shoes are nice.

两双鞋都不好看。

完全否定：都不好看

Not everyone likes music.

并不是人人都喜欢音乐。

部分否定：有的人喜欢，有的人不喜欢。

No one likes this book.

没人喜欢这本书。

完全否定：都不喜欢

初中英语语法代词习题 篇6

1、- Which of these two skirts will you take?

-I’ll take , to give one of them to my sister.

A. either B both C. all D. neither

2、- Do you speak Chinese, or Japanese?

- I don’t speak of them. (，太原)

A. none B. all C. neither D. either

3、- How about the price of these washing machines?

- They are at least equal in price to, if not cheaper than, at other stores. (2003，南京)

A. others B. ones C. that D. those

4、- Your coffee smells great!

- It’s from Mexico. Would you like ?

A. it B. some C. this D. little

5、Meeting my uncle after all these years was an unforgettable moment, I will always

treasure. (NMET , 35)

A. that B. one C. it D. what

6、Dr. Black comes from either Oxford or Cambridge, I can’t remember .

(NMET, , 9)

A. where B. there C. which D. that

7、It was he said disappointed me. (上海，5)

A. what; that B. that; that C. what; what D. that; what

8、He and his brother are as tall as .

A. each of them B. themselves C. each other D. each other’s

9、- Did get through the driving test?

-No, . A few failed.

A. everybody; not all B. anybody; no one

C. everybody; none D. anybody; not all

10、Even if they are on sale, these refrigerators are equal in Price to, if not more expensive than,

at the other stores. (2003，黄冈中学)

A. anyone B. the others C. that D. the ones

11、- Excuse me, I want to have my watch fixed, but I can’t find a repair shop.

- I know nearby. Come on, I’ll show you. (2003，长春)

A. one B. it C. some D. that

12、The Parkers bought a new house but will need a lot of work before they can move in. (NMET , 25)

A. they B. it C. one D. which

13、Some people would rather ride bikes as bike ridding has of the trouble of taking buses.(上海，11)

A. nothing B. none C. some D. neither

14、- Which of the two books do you want?

- I want . Please show me .

A. none; another B. all; the other C. neither; the other D. neither; another

15、Who can you turn to in time of danger, it not .

A. any B. us C. we D. ours

16、- There must be a dozen pens in this house but I can never find one when I need one.

- Keep looking. is sure to turn up. (2003，海淀)

A. One B. It C. That D. This

17、The best job is which uses your skill in doing something together with your interest in the subject. (2003，东北三校)

A. something B. the one C. one D. it

18、If you can dream , you can do .(2003，福州)

A. one; it B. it; one C. one; one D. it; it

19、Some of the wheat is from Canada. What about ? (2001上海春季，24)

A. another B. the other C. others D. the rest

20、We are trying to do the work better with money and people.

A. less; a little B. less; fewer C. fewer; less D. a few; a little

21、Animals do not “talk” with words. They use smells, sounds and movements to communicate

with animal. (2003，东城)

A. any other B. another C. each other D. the other

22、- There’s coffee and tea; you can have .

-Thanks.

A. either B. each C. one D. it

23、Don’t’ that all these who get good grades in the entrance examination will prove to be most successful. (1998上海，23)

A. take as granted B. take this for granted

C. take that of granted D. take it for granted

24、- Is there anyone who is going to the Great Wall?

- .

A. None B. No one C. No D. Not any

25、If a student can make what has been learned , whether in class or from social practice,

he will make steady progress. (2003， 南京)

A. his own B. him C. himself D. his

26、The mother didn’t know to blame for the broken glass as it happened while she was out.(NMET 2002, 24)

A. who B. when C. how D. what

27、They were all very tired, but of them would stop to take a rest. (NMET 1995, 16)

A. any B. some C. none D. neither

28、Forty percent of the students in our class are boys, are girls.

A. the others B. others C. another D. the other

29、A sheep on this kind of special grass which usually grows much faster than

on ordinary. (2003，南京)

A. fed; one B. feeds; the one C. fed; that D. feeding; it

30、I hope there are enough glasses for each guest to have . (NMET 1995, 21)

A. it B. those C. them D. one

31、The population of China is larger than of Japan.

A. those B. the one C. that D. it

32、- Have you finished all of the exercises?

- Yes, completely. is left. (2003，黄冈)

A. Nothing B. No one C. Neither D. None

33、Life in the city is quite different from in the country. (2003，徐州)

A. that B. one C. the one D. which

34、If this dictionary is not yours, can it be? (NMET 2001北京春季，13)

A. what else B. who else C. which else’s D. who else’s

35、- Wasn’t it Dr. Wang who spoke to you just now?

- . (1996上海，28)

A. I didn’t know he was B. Yes, it was

C. No, he wasn’t D. Yes, he did

36、is it has made Peter he is today?

A. What; that; that B. That; that; what

C. What; what; that D. What; that; what

37、- The boys are not doing a good job at all, are they?

- . (NMET 2003北京春季，22)

A. I guess not so B. I don’t guess C. I don’t guess so D. I guess not

38、It was because of bad weather the football match had to be put off. (2003上海春季)

A. so B. so that C. why D. that

39、Joan had often heard said that Marley had no money.

A. one B. once C. it D. her

40、- Is your school life of other teens?

- In many ways, yes. (2003，重庆)

A. this B. the same C. one D. that

41、Equipped with modern facilities, today’s libraries differ greatly from . (2003上海春季)

A. those of the past B. the past C. which of the past D. these past

42、The children were catching butterflies in the garden. Some caught a lot, and others caught

at all.

A. nothing B. none C. no one D. neither

43、Jack is one of those men who I am sure always do best even in the most difficult

situations. (2003，长春)

A. his B. your C. their D. one’s

44、There’s a feeling in me we’ll never know what a UFO is - not ever. (2002上海，35)

A. that B. which C. of which D. what

45、Try hard to make what the teachers teach , and you’ll make rapid progress in your studies.

A. you B. yours C. yourself D. yourselves

46、We can’t believe that he drew such a big conclusion according to he took for granted(想当然). (2003，南京)

A. as B. that C. what D. it

47、Our city has changed a lot; who can tell what it will be like in ten years? (2003，黄冈

中学)

A. other B. next C. more D. another

48、It is the ability to do the job matters not where you come from or what are.

(NMET , 24)

A. One B. that C. what D. it

49、Iraq promised in time to destroy guided missiles(导弹)the following day.

(2003，金华九校)

A. such five other B. another five such

C. other such five D. five another such

50、Both teams were in hard training, was willing to lose the game. (2001上海，22)

A. either B. neither C. another D. the other

51、- Susan, go and join your sister cleaning the yard.

- Why ? John is sitting there doing nothing.

A. him B. he C. I D. me

52、In face is a hard job for the police to keep order in an important football match.

(2001上海，33)

A. this B. that C. there D. it

53、He is one of the students, who, I’m sure, always do best.

A. his B. my C. one’s D. their

54、I would appreciate very much if you could change the plan a bit to make it more

workable. (2003，金华九校)

A. it B. that C. this D. you

55、- Do you want tea or coffee?

- . I really don’t mind. (NMET 2000北京春季，6)

A. Both B. None C. Either D. Neither

56、Who was that called him “comrade?”

A. one B. that C. it D. her

57、When you are reading fast, your eyes will be one or two word groups ahead your mind is

taking on. (2003，东北三校)

A. one B. the others C. the one D. others

58、child is pleased, for of them has got his own share. (2003，山西)

A. Each; each B. Every; every C. Every; each D. Each; everyone

59、- He was nearly drowned once.

- When was ?

- was in 1998 when he was in middle school. (NMET 2002 北京春季，30)

A. that; It B. this; This C. this; It D. that; This

60、- Do you have a camera?

- No. But my farther has . He just bought a week ago.

A. one; one B. it; it C. one; it D. it; one

61、The book you refer to isn’t . It belongs to .

A. mine; her B. mine; hers C. me; you D. his; mine

62、- Hello. Is that Mr. White or Mr. Jack speaking?

- Sorry, . (2003，兰州)

A. both of them are not in B. none of them are in

C. neither of them is out D. would you please ring them up this afternoon?

63、I agree with most of what you said, but I don’t agree with . (NMET , 14)

A. everything B. anything C. something D. nothing

64、- Can you come for dinner on Saturday or Sunday?

- I’m afraid day is possible. (2003, 南通)

A. either B. neither C. some D. any

65、Shanghai is larger than in China.

A. all cities B. any city C. any other city D. any other cities

66、- Where is my blue shirt?

- It’s in the washing machine. You have to wear different one. (NMET 2003，春)

A. any B. the C. a D. other

67、It was such a tiny village that knew else well.

A. anybody; somebody B. everybody; everybody

C. anybody; anybody D. nobody; nobody

68、- Who knocked at the door?

- I’ve no idea. I just pretended nobody was at home, so I didn’t ask who was.

(2003，昆明)

A. he B. that C. she D. it

69、was in 1979 I graduated from university. (1998上海，4)

A. That; that B. It; that C. That; when D. It; when

70、- Why don’t we take a little break?

- Didn’t we just have ? (NMET 2000, 23)

A. it B. that C. one D. this

71、doesn’t seem to have been any difficulty solving the problem.

A. It B. He C. There D. That

72、- of them is your English teacher?

-The man wearing a blue coat.

A. Which B. Who C. What D. Whom

73、- Who is making so much nose in the garden?

- the children. (2003，海淀)

A. It is B. They are C. That is D. There

74、Shanghai is really a fascinating city and we’ve decided to stay for two weeks.

A. another B. other C. the other D. other’s

75、One of the sides of the board should be painted yellow, and . (NMET 2000北京春季，21)

A. the other is white B. another white

C. the other white D. another is white

76、Friendship will not come to you naturally when you show to others. (2003，辽宁)

A. none B. nothing C. no one D. little

77、Few pleasures can equal of a cool drink on a hot day. (NMET 1999广东，29)

A. some B. any C. that D. those

78、- What kind of food would you like to eat?

- but Japanese.

- How about Korean, then? (2003，西城)

A. Anything B. Something C. Everything D. Nothing

79、Please write your composition line to leave space for the teacher’s correction.

A. one another B. each other C. any other D. every other

80、With she needed . she left the market-place. (2003，徐州)

A. something; to buy B. anything; having bought

C. everything; buying D. everything; bought

81、I hate when people talk with their mouths full. (NMET 1998, 8)

A. it B. that C. these D. them

82、It is these poisonous products can cause the symptoms of the flu, such as headache and aching muscles.

A. who B. that C. how D. what

83、Three people spoke at the meeting. was a doctor; was a student; was a teacher.

A. He; she; I B. The first; the other; the rest

C. One; another; the third D. This; that; the last

84、- Have you informed Tom and Ann that some foreign experts will visit our company at 8:00

tomorrow morning?

- Yes, I have. But of them asked me to tell you that they would not be able to come.

A. any B. either C. both D. two

85、is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.

(NMET 1995,36)

A. There B. This C. That D. It

86、- Don’t you think Jack’s health has been ruined by over drinking?

- Yes, he told me himself. (2003，东北三校)

A. the thing B. it C. so D. the fact

87、friends Betty had made there were all invited to her birthday party. (1997上海，21)

A. Few of B. Few C. The few D. A few

88、- You’re always working. Come on, let’s go shopping.

- you ever want to do is going shopping. (2002北京春季， 32)

A. Anything B. Something C. All D. That

89、Of all my friends will be able to persuade Tom to change his mind. He is so firm upon it.

A. some B. anyone C. none D. neither

90、It was for this reason her uncle moved out of New York and settled down in a small village. (2001上海春季，32)

A. which B. why C. that D. how

答案解析：

1、B 从答语“我要将其中一条给妹妹”可知答话人两条裙子都要买。

2、D 根据语境“你说汉语还是日语?”“我哪种语言都不讲”所以not…either表示两者都不，故选D。

3、D 用those来代替复数名词。

4、B 文中指的是“一些咖啡”，A it表示全部咖啡，不合理，C this指“这个”不修饰不可数名词，在句中不能单独使用，故排除A，C。

5、B one指人moment作同位语，解释一个永远珍惜的时刻。I will always treasure是定语从句，作one的定语，省略了关系代词which或that。

6、C 布莱克教授来自牛津大学或剑桥大学，我不记得是哪一座大学。“哪一座”要用which表达。

7、A 这是强调句，对what引导的主语从句进行强调，what在主语从句中作said的宾语。

8、C each other 表示“互相”。

9、A 此题用everybody强调“每个人都通过了驾驶测试吗?”答语No, not all为部分否定，与下文A few failed相吻合。

10、D “if not more expensive than”当成是插入语，“these refrigerators are equal in price to

at the other stores”，空格代替the refrigerators所以不能用anyone，that;而B由于数目不定，不能加the。

11、A one用来代替刚提到的人或一种可数的物，it也指刚刚提到过的事物，但指同一个，C、D显然不符合题意。

12、B it在句子中的指代The Parkers所买的房子。在英语中，如果所指的是同种事物要用代词it和they(them);如果指代的是同一类事物要用代词one和ones。

13、B nothing是不定代词，不能放在介词of的前面：neither(两者)都不;some与句子的意思不符，都不能作为答案。None of the trouble of taking buses没有乘公共汽车的麻烦。

14、D 答语意为：“两本我都不要，请给我另外一本。”其他三个选项不定代词表达的数上或意思上与问候语相矛盾。

15、B turn to sb. 表示“向……请求帮助”。从句是个省略句。If not us即if you don’t turn to us.

16、A 此处One特指上文提到的“the one I need”。

17、C 该句中缺少一个先行词，A，B项也可做先行词，但引导词应用that，因此正确选项为C。

18、D If you can dream it, you can do it意思是如果你能想到你就能做到，it和one作代词时，one指代前已提到过的可数名词的单数形式，复数用ones，而it即可指代可数名词也可指代不可数名词。

19、D wheat是不可数名词，不能用others代替。the rest既可以代可数名词，也可以代不可数名词。

20、B less是little的比较级，fewer是few的比较级，都表示“较少”，前者通常修饰不可数名词，后者修饰可数名词。

21、C 根据意思排除A、D，而B another用于one…another所以选C，“他们之间交流”。

22、A either用于肯定句时表示“(两者中的)任一个”。因为只有coffee和tea可供选择，所以要选either。

23、D take it for granted是固定搭配，想当然。it在句子中作形式宾语，that从句作真正的宾语。

24、B None通常回答“How many…?”的用语，此处No one“没有人”，回答一般疑问句用“Is there anyone…?”合适。

25、D 这道题主要考查对句意的理解，“如果一个学生能够把所学的知识变成他自己的东西，不管是在课堂上还是在社会实践上，他就能取得稳步的发展”，his是名词性物主代词，相当于his own knowledge。

26、A know后接“疑问词+to do sth”作宾语。blame是及物动词，who表示人，作宾语。妈妈不知道对她碰巧外出时玻璃被打破这件事该责备谁。

27、C 根据but一词可知没有人愿意停下来休息。要填none。前句中用力代词all，说明不止两个人，所以neither不能作为答案。

28、A the others特指一定范围内的其他全部，意为“其余的”。

29、A 用过去分词修饰A sheep表示被动，one代替前面的单数名词a sheep。

30、D glass当“玻璃杯”讲时，是可数名词，要用one代替。

31、C population作“人口”的总称是不可数名词，不可数名词在比较状语从句中第二次提到时用that代替，不能用one(s)，those替代。

32、D 一道题也没有留下。No one指人，Neither两者都不。

33、A 在这道题中，that用来代替抽象名词，one与the one都是指代可数名词的。

34、D who else其他什么人。条件状语从句中所说是谁的词典，主句的主语要用所有格who else’s，表示其他什么人的。

35、B 疑问句是一个强调句，it在句子中作主语，所以回答这样的问题也要用Yes，it was或No，it wasn’t。

36、D 首项填入what，即强调句型中被强调的部分，第二项填入that构成强调句型;Is it…that…?第三项填入what引起一个名词性从句作Peter的补足语。

37、D I guess not. 我认为他们没做好工作。为了避免重复，用not替代are not doing a good job at all。

38、D 这是一个强调句，对because of bad weather进行强调。强调句的结构是“It is(was)+被强调部分+that(who)”。

39、C 此处用it作形式宾语，代替后面的that从句。过去分词said作宾语补语。

40、D that指school life意为“你的学校生活像其他十几岁的人吗?”而其他选项并不能指代，one of表示其中之一。

41、A those指代上文提到的libraries，those of the past指过去的图书馆。

42、B none用来特指前面提到的butterflies;none=not any butterflies。

43、C 根据句意排除B，考查“do one’s best”的用法，Jack只是这么众多人中敢于面对困难的人之一，分析清楚句子前后关系可以判断C为正确答案。

44、A 同位语从句that we’ll never know what a UFO is -not ever作a feeling的同位语，解释a feeling的具体内容。that连接同位语从句时，只起连接作用，不作从句的任何成分。

45、B To make what the teachers teach yours意为：“使老师教的内容变成你自己的知识”，what the teacher teach使make的宾语，yours作make的宾语补足语。

46、C what引导名词性从句作介词to的宾语。

47、D another再，又一;其它均不对。

48、B 这是强调句，对主语the ability to do the job进行强调。

49、B 考查定语与中心语的修饰关系，我们一般用another+基数词表示“另外几个”“又有几个”，如：Please have another one apple. “再吃一个苹果吧”，故我们用another five，表示中心词的性质的词语较数词来说要离中心词近，如：another ten big apples“还有10个大苹果”。

50、B 所提供的语境是两队都在刻苦训练，双方都不愿意在比赛中失败，要选neither。

51、D 在自由对话中，常用人称代词的宾格代替主格。

52、D it在句子中作形式主语。真正的主语是to keep order in an important football match。

53、D who always do their best是一个非限定性定语从句，修饰students，I’m sure是插入语。

54、A 我们在英语中用it做形式主语或形式宾语，不用其他词，该句正是缺少一个形式宾语。

55、C 问话中使用了连词or，表示让对方选择茶或咖啡。根据答句I really don’t mind，可确定要填Either，(两者中的)任意一种。

56、C 此句为强调句型的问句。疑问词who用来提问被强调的主语。空白处填入it。

57、C 此处the one指代the group为先行词，因后面有定语从句修饰，必须用the。

58、C 此处考查Every和each的区别，each指一定数目中的“每一个”，“个别”意义较重;every指数目不确定的许多人或物中间的“每一个”，“整体”意义较重，表示“大家一致”;根据这个分析应选C，小孩们都高兴，因为他们中的每一个都获得了自己的一份。

59、A that用于指代前面提到的事。When was that?那件事是什么时候发生的?回答When was that?时，要用it指代上文提到的事。It was in 1998 when he was in middle school. 那是在他在中学时。

60、C 第一空白处填one表示泛指，第二处填it，指爸爸有的那台相机。

61、A 前项用名词性物主代词mine作表语;后项用宾格代词her作介词to的宾语。

62、D 根据语法，A中为不完全否定，不合题意，B中none用于否定三个或三个以上单位名词的群体，C的意思不对。

63、A I don’t agree with everything. 是一个部分否定的句子，和前面的I agree with most of what you said。(我同意你说的大部分意见。)意思相近。

64、B 表示哪一天都不可能。

65、C 本题是以上海与中国的其它城市比，则要排除本身。其排除方法可用any other+单数名词(一般不用复数)。若将上海同其它国家城市比，就不须用other了。

66、C 题意知识简单表示“需要意见衣服”，由于不知“我”共有几件衣服，故排除B，other前无the，后需用复数名词，排除D，any过于强调“任意一个”把问题考虑得过于复杂，不选A。

67、C 此句意思是：“任何人都知道任何别的人”。

68、D 此题未指明敲门人的性别，所以用it。

69、B 这是强调句，对时间状语in 1979进行强调。

70、C break是可数名词，休息。One表示泛指，指代a little break。

71、C There与seem连用，表示“好像(存在)有”。不定式to have been是to be的完成体。

72、A 从答语“那位穿外套的人”可知提问的是“众多人中的哪一位”。

73、A 答案写完整是一个强调句型：It is the children that is making so much noise in the garden.

74、A another在一般情况下后接单数名词或one。意思是“另一个”。但如果复数名词前有数词或few，several等词，可用another修饰，意思是“另外多少个”。

75、C 这是一个省略句，在the other和white之间省略了is painted。选项A有很大的干扰性，the other is white的意思是“另一面是白色的”，而不是“漆成白色的”。

76、A 要根据选项中各自意思来分别，none，“没有人”，“nothing没有任何东西”;little“少许，几乎没有”;no one“没有人”;nothing“没什么可见”;“none”意义要广一些，用“none”较合题意。

77、C that在句子中代the pleasure。一些考生只注意到few pleasures是复数，而没有注意到这里指的是饮一杯冷饮的乐趣，误填those。

78、A “but Japanese”除了日本之外的，可知其意思是除日本的anything。

79、D 本题旨在考查“每隔……”这一习惯表达。every other line意为“每隔一行”，every other day意为“每隔一天”。

80、D 这道题考查with短语的用法以及对整个句子的历届。她把一切需要买的东西买过后就离开市场了，首先要强调“每件东西都买了”，所以用everything，而选项C用ing形式表明动作仍在进行，这与整个句意不相符。故选D。

81、A it在句子中作形式宾语。When引导的从句作真正的宾语。

82、B 这是一个强调句，对主语these poisonous products进行强调。

83、C 列举三个人或物时用：one…, another (or a second), the third (or the other); 列举四个人或物时用：one…, another…, a third…, the fourth (or the other)。

84、C 根据问话中Tom和Ann是两个人，又根据But表示转折，所以选C，both表示两者都。

85、D that English is being accepted as an international language是主语从句。It作形式主语。

86、C 此处用so代指“Jack’s health has been ruined by over drinking”。

87、C friends后接定语从句，要在few前加定冠词the。

88、C all后接定语从句you ever want to do, 省略了作to do宾语的关系代词that。

89、C 从下文He is so firm upon it可知“所有朋友中没有人能说服汤姆改变主意”。

90、C 这是一个强调句。对for this reason进行强调，其明显标志是介词for。