简单句变复合句

简单句变复合句（精选2篇）

简单句变复合句 篇1

汉语翻译技巧简单句变复合句

一、练习讨论和讲评

本来，生命只有一次，对于谁都是宝贵的。但是，假使他的生命溶化在大众的事业里面，假使他天天在为这世界干事业是不死的，他会领略到“永久的年轻”的感觉。而“浮生如梦”的人，从这个世界拿去的很多，而给这世界的却很少——他总有一天会觉得疲乏得快要死亡：他连拿都没有力量了。衰老和无能的悲哀，像铅一样沉重，压在他的心头。青春是多么短啊。

One has but one life to live and, naturally, it is treasured by all.However, if one is dedicated to the cause of the people, if he does something every day for the world, he is living and, though eventually he will die, the cause he lives for—the cause of the people will never die.In other words, he will gain a sense of “eternal youth” As for the one who lives his life like a floating cloud;he takes a lot from the world but gives little in return.Sooner or later he will be approaching death with such tiredness that he will find himself deprived of the energy to “take”.Then the grief caused by age and impotence will make him feel as if a heavy load of lead was in the mind.How fast youth goes!他总有一天会觉得疲乏得快要死亡。Sooner or later he will be exhausted to death.他总有一天会觉得疲非常疲乏。然而“他总有一天会觉得疲乏得快要死亡。”的意义是：他总有一天会觉得疲乏，感到快要死亡了。Sooner or later he will be approaching death with such tiredness.Sooner or later he will be exhausted，having the sense that he will be approaching death.1.He was thirsty to death.He was extremely thirsty.2.He was stabbed to death.He died because he was stabbed.He was beaten to death.二、简单句变复合句

有时为了使英语句子的连贯性更强, 表达也更为贴切、自然、优美，我们将两个或者多个简单汉语句翻译成一个英语句子。英语句子之间加上and, but, or(或者, 否则), for(因为), while(而, 却), when(就在这个时候), not only...but also等并列连词, 使其成为并列复合句。如：

(1)我们户外活动需要三个小时，大概11点回来，校门一带关了。⑴ Our outdoor activity will last three hours.We’ll be back at about 11 o’clock.The school gate must be closed.→Our outdoor activity will last three hours and the school gate must be closedwhen we’ll be back at about 11 o’clock.⑵飞机七点起飞，赶快，要不赶不上飞机了。

⑵ The plane takes off at seven.You must hurry.You’ll miss the plane.→You must hurry or you’ll miss the plane which takes off at seven.⑶蜜糖甜蜜蜜，蜜蜂很刺人。

⑶Honey is sweet.The bee stings.→Honey is sweet but the bee stings.在两个或者多个简单句之间加上when, after, as, because, where, which, who等从属连词, 可以使简单句变成复合句。如：

（4）英语俱乐部可以组织各种活动，我们在活动中不但可以练习英语还可以学习更多英语。

（4）We will organize all kinds of activities in our English club.We can not only practise but also learn more English in the activities.(改为含定语从句的复合句)→We will organize all kinds of activities in our English club in which we can not only practise but also learn more English.（5）没有赶上头班车，他上学迟到了。

（5）He missed the first bus.He came to school late.(改为含状语从句的复合句)→Because he missed the first bus, he came to school late.→He missed the first bus, so he came to school late.即时练习将下列各组句子合并成并列复合句或主从复合句。（6），19世纪末，有一个闻名遐迩的侦探，名叫Sherlock Holmes，家住伦敦。

⑴ There was once a famous detective.⑵ He was named Sherlock Holmes.⑶ He lived in London.⑷ The time was at the end of the nineteenth century.---------There was once a famous detective named Sherlock who lived in London at the end of the nineteenth century.（7）.根据调查，79.3％的居民反映说，他们的主要目的是帮助父母亲生活得更好，67.7％说，他们努力工作是为了改变自己的命运。（7）⑴ 79.3％ of the surveyed citizens say that their main motivation is to help their parents to live a better life.⑵ 67.7％ claim that they work hard in order to change their own fate.---------79.3％ of the surveyed netizens say that their main motivation is to help their parents to live a better life while 67.7％ claim that they work hard in order to change their own fate.（8）知识就是力量，我们是大学生，必须努力学习。Knowledge is power.We are college students.We must study hard.-------We, who are college student, must study hard because knowledge is power.（9.）写作方法各种各样，同学们可以用这一种方法提供写作努力，增加自信力。

⑴There are ways and ways to improve writing ability

(2)Students can improve their writing ability in this way.(3)They can strengthen their self-confidence.--------.Though There are ways and ways to improve writing ability , students can improve their writing ability in this way to increase their self-confidence.(10)这是上海最雄伟的大楼，许多外国专家在此住居。

1.This is the most magnificent building in Shanghai.2Many foreign experts live in the building.------In Shanghai, this is the most magnificent building in which many foreign experts live.三、练习

婚姻关系中人们争论最多的问题——如钱怎样花——通常并非真正的问题。关键的问题是：谁掌握控制权？年轻的时候，我对控制权的需要是源于害怕、缺乏信任和没有安全感。最后我终于意识到我不需要控制妻子——实际上也不应该控制她，而且不可能控制她，如果我试图控制她，就会毁了我们的婚姻。

简单句变复合句 篇2

简单句是由一个主语或并列主语加一个谓语或并列谓语构成的句子。简单句有五大基本句型:

①主语+不及物动词(S+V)

在该句型中,有时为了表示动作发生的频率、原因、结果、目的、场所、时间等,句末常带有状语。如:

We have been waiting for hours.我们已经等了几个小时了。

②主语+及物动词+宾语(S+V+O)

在该句型中,宾语可以由名词、代词、不定式、v-ing形式等充当,有时句子中还含有状语。如:

You can put the books in your bag.你可以把这些书放在你的包里。

③主语+系动词+表语(S+V+P)

在该句型中,表语通常由名词、形容词、介词短语、不定式等充当。系动词有两类,一类是说明情况的,如be,look,feel,seem,taste,sound,smell等;另一类是表示变化的,如become,get,turn,grow等。

【考题再现】Apples of this kind______.(2012·宁夏·33)

A.tastes good B.tastes well C.taste good D.taste well

【答案解析】本题考查系动词的用法。句意:这种苹果尝起来味道很好。本句主语是apples,选项A和B中系动词用第三人称单数tastes,故是错误的。well用作形容词时意为“身体健康的”,不符合句意,只能用taste good,意为“尝起来味道好”。所以选C。

④主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语(S+V+IO+DO)

在该句型中,间接宾语有时也可以是一个由to或for引导的短语,放在直接宾语之后,构成“主语+及物动词+直接宾语+介词+间接宾语”句型。如:

Could you pass me the dictionary?=Could you pass the dictionary to me?请你把字典递给我好吗?

They sang me a song.=They sang a song for me.他们给我唱了支歌。

★须在间接宾语前加to的常见动词有give,show,send,bring,pass,lend,tell,teach等;须在间接宾语前加for的常见动词有make,buy,do,sing,cook等。

★如果直接宾语为人称代词宾格时,则只能用“主语+及物动词+直接宾语+介词+间接宾语”的句型。如:

I'll show it to my brother.我要把它给我的弟弟看。

⑤主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语(S+V+O+C)

宾语补足语的作用是补充说明宾语的动作或状态,它可以由名词、形容词、动词不定式或介词短语等充当。如:

Please keep the classroom clean.请保持教室清洁。

She asked me to call Simon again.她让我再给西蒙打个电话。

★使役动词make,let,have等后接不带to的不定式作宾语补足语。如:

He made me work twelve hours a day.他让我一天工作12个小时。

★感官动词see,hear,watch,feel,find,notice等后既可接不带to的不定式作宾语补足语,也可接v-ing形式作宾语补足语。前者表示动作已经结束,后者表示动作正在进行。试比较:

I saw a girl get on the bus.我看见一个女孩上车了。(上车的动作已经结束)

I saw a girl getting on the bus.我看见一个女孩正在上车。(上车的动作正在进行)

【考题再现】—Is Tom in the next room?

—Well,it's hard to say.But I heard him______loudly when I passed by just now.(2012·江苏盐城·13)

A.speak B.to speak C.spoken D.speaking

【答案解析】由when I passed by just now“刚才我经过时”可知是强调动作正在发生,hear sb.doing sth.“听见某人正在做某事”,现在分词作宾语补足语。故答案选D项。

备考精练

选择填空

( )1.There were few new words in the English competition for your daughter,______?

A.were there B.weren't there C.aren't there D.are there

( )2.______bad weather it is!It's rainy for nearly a month.

A.What B.What a C.How D.How a

( )3.—______is it to your home town from here?—Well,it takes more than two hours to get there by coach.

A.How soon B.How much C.How long D.How far

( )4.—______sweater do you like better,the red one or the blue one?—I prefer the blue one.

A.How much B.What C.Whose D.Which

( )5.Your English teacher has never lost his temper,______he?

A.has B.hasn't C.did D.didn't

复合句

复合句由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句组成。初中涉及的从句有宾语从句、状语从句、定语从句等。

一、宾语从句

在复合句中作主句宾语的从句叫宾语从句。宾语从句考查的重点通常有引导词、语序和时态等。

1. 引导词

①that引导宾语从句时,无词义,在口语或非正式文体中常被省略,引导的宾语从句为完整的陈述句。

【考题再现】I know______I promised to take you to dinner,but I won't finish working until ten o'clock.(2012·江西·40)

A.that B.if C.what D.why

【答案解析】此题考查宾语从句的引导词。if意为“是否”;what意为“什么”;why意为“为什么”。从句是一个完整的陈述句,可以用that连接,故选A。此句中的that也可以省略。

②whether/if引导宾语从句时,whether或if在句中充当句子成分,意为“是否”,不可省略。

【考题再现】Do you know______Zunyi or not tomorrow?(2012·黔西南·23)

A.whether are they leaving for B.whether they are leaving for

C.if they are leaving for D.if are they leaving for

【答案解析】宾语从句要用陈述句语序,所以排除A、D选项;if不能与or not连用,故选答案B。

③what,when,where,how,why,who,whose,whom,which等疑问副词、疑问代词引导宾语从句时,疑问副词和疑问代词本身具有一定的意义,在宾语从句中充当一定的成分,因此不可省略。

【考题再现】—Could you tell me______?I'd like to take part in it.—On July 5th.(2012·江苏南通·10)

A.when will the fashion show be held B.when the fashion show will be held

C.where will the fashion show be held D.where the fashion show will be held

【答案解析】宾语从句中从句的语序应是陈述句语序,排除A、C项。由答语“On July5th.”可知上句是询问时间,由选项B中的when可知B项符合题意。

2. 语序

在含有宾语从句的复合句中,宾语从句须用陈述句的语序。

【考题再现】—Could you tell me______?

—Of course.(2012·浙江杭州·26)

A.where's there a good place to eat B.where there's a good place to eat

C.where is a good place to eat D.where a good place to eat

【答案解析】宾语从句用陈述句语序,A和C都是疑问句的语序,可排除;D选项中缺少谓语动词也应排除。故选B。

3. 宾语从句的时态

①当主句是现在时态时,宾语从句可以根据实际需要用各种时态。如:

【考题再现】—Can you tell me______the prize,Tom?—Last year.(2012·北京·34)

A.when you got B.when did you get

C.when will you get D.when you will get

【答案解析】宾语从句用陈述句语序,主句为一般现在时态,从句时态不受限制,答语为过去的时间,从句部分也应用一般过去时态,故选A。

②当主句谓语动词是过去时态时,宾语从句中的时态只能用过去时态的某一形式,一般不能用现在时态或将来时态。

【考题再现】—What did you say just now?—I asked you______.(2012·宁夏·27)

A.who is she B.who she is C.who was she D.who she was

【答案解析】宾语从句要用陈述句语序,所以排除A、C选项。本句主句I asked you是一般过去时,从句也应该用一般过去时,选项D是who she was,是一般过去时,符合题意。所以选D。

③如果宾语从句表示的是客观事实、客观真理,无论主句时态如何,宾语从句中的时态都使用一般现在时。

【考题再现】Our physics teacher told us light______faster than sound last term.(2007·潍坊)

A.travels B.travel C.traveled D.traveling

【答案解析】题意为“物理老师告诉我们,光的传播速度比声音的传播速度快”,宾语从句表示的是客观事实,所以选A。

二、状语从句

在复合句中,修饰主句中的动词、形容词或副词等的从句叫状语从句。状语从句根据表达的意思可以分为时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、让步、比较、条件等。

1. 时间状语从句。引导词有when,while,till,until,since,after,before,as soon as等。注意:在时间状语从句中,当主句是将来时态时,从句通常要用一般现在时。

【考题再现】Betty will ring me up when she______in Beijing.(2011·重庆·34)

A.arrive B.arrives C.arrived D.will arrive

【答案解析】本题考查时间状语从句的时态,如果主句和从句的动作都发生在将来,从句时态要用一般现在时表示将来,所以选B。

2. 原因状语从句。引导词有because,as,since等。注意:汉语中,我们经常说“因为……所以……”,但是在英语中,有了because,就不能再用so。

【考题再现】The family had to stay at hotel,______it was raining hard.(2012·山东临沂·23)

A because B.although C.until D.unless

【答案解析】根据句意:这一家人不得不待在旅馆,因为天正下着大雨。because意为“因为”;although意为“尽管,虽然”;until意为“直到”;unless意为“除非,如果不”。根据句意选A。

3. 比较状语从句。以than,as...as为引导词。

【考题再现】Bob often says that swimming is______than hiking in reducing weight,bu he always spends more time on swimming.(2012·江苏南通·13)

A.less useful B.less interesting C.more useful D.more interesting

【答案解析】由从句中than可知用比较级,通过后面but表达的转折句意“花更多的时间在游泳上”可知,前句句意为“Bob经常说对于减肥游泳不如远足有用”,用less useful than表达“不如……有用”。故选A。

4. 条件状语从句。以if,unless(=if not)引导。注意:和时间状语从句一样,主句是一般将来时,从句则用一般现在时。

【考题再现】If our government______attention to controlling food safety now,our health______in danger.(2012·广东·36)

A.won't pay;is B.doesn't pay;is

C.won't pay;will be D.doesn't pay;will be

【答案解析】if引导的条件状语从句使用一般现在时表示将来,主句使用一般将来时。句意为“如果政府现在不注意控制食品安全,我们的健康将会受到威胁。”故选D。

三、定语从句

在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的句子叫定语从句。定语从句所修饰的词叫先行词。定语从句作定语时位置在先行词的后面。引导定语从句的词有关系代词that,which,who(宾格whom,所有格whose)和关系副词when,where,why等。

1. 关系代词的用法

①that指物,有时也指人,在定语从句中作主语或宾语。作主语时不可省略,作宾语时可省略。

【考题再现】Zhang Lili is considered as the most beautiful teacher______gave her love to her students in danger.(2012·江苏扬州·12)

A.who B.that C.whom D.which

【答案解析】B。定语从句的先行词the most beautiful teacher是“人”,在定语从句中充当主语,因此用关系代词who或that引导来引导,同时先行词由形容词的最高级修饰,只能用that来引导,故选B。

②which指物,不指人,在从句中作主语或宾语。作主语时不可省略,作宾语时可省略。

【考题再现】Please pass me the cartoon book______has a Mickey Mouse on the cover(2012·天津·44)

A.whom B.whose C.who D.which

【答案解析】先行词the carton book是物,用which引导定语从句。故选D。

③whom指人,为who的宾格形式,在定语从句中只充当宾语。

【考题再现】—Do you know the kid with______Bob is talking over there?—Yes,it's my cousin.(2011·湖北黄石·29)

A.who B.that C.不填D.whom

【答案解析】定语从句修饰kid,kid是人,且关系代词在定语从句中作宾语,所以应用“whom”。故选D。

2. 关系副词的用法

①when指时间,在定语从句中作时间状语。如:I still remember the day when I firs came to the Great Wall.我还记得我第一次来长城的那天。

②where指地点,在定语从句中作地点状语。

【考题再现】This is the primary school______I studied three years ago.(2012·四川宜宾·26)

A.where B.when C.that D.which

【答案解析】定语从句的先行词the primary school,在定语从句中充当的是地点状语,所以用关系副词where引导,故选A。

③why指原因,相当于for which,在定语从句中作原因状语。如:That's the reason why she spoke.那就是她发言的原因。

备考精练

( )1.Miss Green asked him______.

A.where did he live B.when does he leave

C.where he lived D.when he leaves

( )2.Please asked that man______he will go to see the match.

A.who B.what C.whether D.which

( )3.I don't know if it______this afternoon.If it______,I won't go out.

A.will rain,rains B.will rain,will rain

C.rains,rains D.rains,will rain

( )4.The teacher said that the earth______around the sun.

A.will go B.goes C.went D.would go

( )5.The girl asked the teacher______.

A.what does the library look like B.what did the library look like

C.what the library look like D.what the library looked like

Keys:1—5 CCABD

并列句

并列句是两个或两个以上的简单句(即分句)由并列连词(and,so,but,or等)连在一起而构成的句子。

1.表示联合关系的并列句:

这类并列句常用并列连词and(和),not only...but also...(不但……而且……)等来连接,这时分句之间是并列关系或顺承关系。and一般不译出来。

【考题再现】______my father______my mother take good care of me.I love them so much.(2012·福建福州·39)

A.Either;or B.Both;and C.Neither;nor

【答案解析】either...or...,neither...nor...连接两个主语时,其谓语动词应与最近的一个主语在人称和数上保持一致。both...and...表示两者都……,谓语动词用复数形式。由句中谓语动词take可知主语为复数形式,故选B。

2.表示转折关系的并列句

这类并列句常用but(但是;可是),yet(可是),while(而)等来连接,前后分句之间有意义上的转折关系。

【考题再现】—How was the food in the town?

—Terrible,______we still had a good time there.(2012·浙江台州·18)

A.or B.so C.but D.because

【答案解析】terrible和had a good time存在一种转折关系,故选but。

3. 表示因果关系的并列句

这类并列句常用连词so(因此;所以),for(因为)等连接,后面分句与前面分句之间有因果关系。

【考题再现】A snake bit him,______he went to see a doctor at once.(2012·天津·37)

A.if B.where C.because D.so

【答案解析】句意“一条蛇咬了他,因此他立刻去看医生了”。根据句意可知,被蛇咬是原因,去看医生是结果,故用so来引导,选D。

4. 表示选择关系的并列句

这类并列句常用并列连词or(或者),either...or...(要么……要么……)等连接。【考题再现】—Do you prefer classical music______pop music?

—Pop music,I think.(2012·湖北襄阳·38)

A.to B.or C.than D.for

【答案解析】句意“你更喜欢古典音乐还是流行音乐?”or是“或者,还是”,故选B。

备考精练

( )1.When you're learning a foreign language,use it,______you'll lose it.

A.and B.or C.but D./

( )2 Work hard,______you'll pass the final exam.

A.or B.but C.because D.and

( )3.Mr Zhang doesn't feel well today,______he still works very hard.

A.but B.and C.or D.then

( )4.Speak loudly,______you are sure to speak good English.

A.but B.for C.and D.or

( )5.—Bob,you don't work hard at geography.—My dad says that the world is changing every day,______I decide to wait until it stops.