大学英语精读4课后

大学英语精读4课后（精选5篇）

大学英语精读4课后篇1

We were informed that the Minister of Finance was to meet us the next day.2.我觉得很奇怪，他似乎不记得自己的生日。

I thought it odd that he didn’t seem to remember his own birthday.3.学期论文最迟应在下星期二交来，可是大部分学生却至今几无进展。

Next Tuesday is the deadline for handing in the term papers, but most students have hardly made a dent in the work so far.4.看到学生人数不断减少，校长心里很难受。

It pained the headmaster to find the number of students shrinking.5.在那个国家一般用现金付账，但支票变得普通起来了，不久会代替现金作为人们结账的一种方式。Cash is commonly used in paying bills in that country, but checks are becoming more popular and will, in a short while, replace cash as a way for people to settle their accounts.6.该公司声称，这条河流的污染不是它造成的。

the company claims that it is not responsible for the pollution in river.unit2 1.比尔已是个成熟的小伙子，不再依赖父母替他作主。

Bill is a mature young man who is no longer dependent on his parents for decisions.2.这个地区有大量肉类供应，但新鲜果蔬奇缺。

There are abundant supplies of meat in this region, but fresh fruit and vegetables are scarce.3.工程师们依靠工人们的智慧，发明了一种新的生产方法，使生产率得以提高。

Drawing on the wisdom of the workers, the engineers invented a new production method that led to increased productivity.4.他花了许多时间准备数学考试，因此当他获知自己只得了个B时感到有点失望。

He spent a lot of time preparing for his math exam.Hence he was somewhat disappointed to learn that he got only a B.5.我们有充裕的时间从从容容吃顿午饭。

We have ample time for a leisurely lunch.6.地方政府不得不动用储备粮并采取其他紧急措施，以便渡过粮食危机。

The local government had to draw on its grain reserves and take other emergency measures so as to pull through the food crisis.unit3 1.萧伯纳在他一个剧本的前言中提出这样的看法：今天人们比在中世纪时更加迷信。

In the preface to one of his plays, Bernard Shaw advances the idea that people are more superstitious today than they were in the Middle Ages.2.丈夫死后，她只好独自挑起抚养五个孩子的经济重担。

After her husband died, she had to bear the severe financial burden of raising five children by herself.3.证明或驳斥某个观点的最好办法之一是从亲身经历中举出例子。

One of the test ways to prove or refute a point is to cite examples from your own experience.4.亨特说贝蒂老是夸大他的缺点，这话很可能会引起一场争吵。

Hunt’s statement that Betty always exaggerates his faults may well lead to a quarrel.5.科学家发现产生日全蚀这一现象的原因之前，每当黑暗在大白天降临时人们就怕得要命。

Before scientists discovered the cause of the total eclipse of the sun, people were extremely frightened when darkness fell in the middle of the day.6.一家人聚拢来讨论经济问题时，父亲一开头就说，每月存点钱是绝对必要的，遇到紧急情况，我们可以依靠积蓄。

When the family gathered to discuss matters of finance, Father started off by saying that it was absolutely necessary to set aside some money each month, for in an emergency we could fall back on our savings.unit4 1.这几个省的强队在会上一致宣布他们将参加下一届全国足球赛。

The strong teams from these provinces declared unanimously at the meeting that they would take part in the next national football matches.2.乔治因踢了对方球员企图使他丧失比赛能力而受到重惩。

George was severely punished for kicking an opponent in an attempt to put him out of action.3.药物学家们做了一系列实验来试验这种治癌新药；听说过此事的医生正急切地等着结果。

The pharmacologists have carried out a series of experiments to test the new medicine for cancer, and doctors who have heard of this are anxiously awaiting their result.4.那位业余歌手在歌吟比赛中击败了众多的职业歌手，真令人难以置信。

It is incredible that the amateur singer could have beaten the large number of professionals at the singing contest.5.我在打猎归家途中，看到史密斯先生和他的孩子们正使劲把汽车推出烂泥地，就赶紧走过去帮助他们。On my way home from hunting, I found Mr.Smith and his children straining to get their car out the mud and went immediately to help them.6.市领导为国家赢得荣誉的运动员举行了宴会，其中有一名来自我县的杰出田径运动选手。

The city leaders held a banquet in honor of the sportsmen who had won glory for our nation, and among them was the outstanding track-and-field athlete from our county.unit5 1.我确信这项所谓明智的决定，与期望相反，会带来极其严重的后果。

I am convinced that, contrary to expectations, the so-called informed decision will bring very grave consequences.2.诚然，他曾欺骗你，但他已经承认自己做错了，并道了歉。所以你不应该老是以怀疑的态度对待他。It’s true he once deceived you, but he has admitted he has done wrong and apologized.So you shouldn’t always treat him with suspicion.3.他在这个问题公开进行讨论之前就已表明了自己的立场。He had taken a stand on the issue before it was openly debated.4.在调查过程中，他们发现了种种形式的政治腐败，并揭露了许多贪官污吏

In the course of their investigation, they discovered various forms of political corruption and exposed a number of corrupt officials.5.玛丽的两难处境是：把真相告诉老板从而失信于她的同事，还是让老板蒙在鼓里从而辜负他的信任。Mary’s dilemma was whether to betray her colleagues by telling her boss the truth or to betray his trust by keeping him in the dark about it.6.首先，是什么使你认为这项规划会促进改革？其次，你怎么知道这些改革会让全县得到好处？ Now, in the first place, what has made you think this program will promote reforms, and in the second, how do you know these reforms will benefit the whole county?

unit6 1.从书中吸取知识的最有效办法之一，是在页边空白处作有见地的笔记。

One of the most effective means of absorbing knowledge from a book is to make intelligent notes in the margins.2.热天很难保藏食品，使之保持新鲜与食用安全。很自然，很多人觉得在夏季还是不上饭店为好。In hot weather it is rather difficult to preserve food and keep it fresh and safe to eat.Naturally, many people prefer not to eat in restaurants during the summer months.3.阅读时在作者强调的论点底下划线，对我们会有所裨益。

It will do us good to underline the points that the author emphasizes in his book.4.经过好几天侦察，警方终于弄清这起谋杀案和新近发生的越狱事件有关。

After days of inquiry the police finally tied up the murder with the case of the recent escape from prison.5.我想劝说他们采纳我们的计划，首先因为这一计划所需资金较少，其次，不会造成环境污染。I want to persuade them to adopt our plan, because, in the first place, it calls for less funds and, in the second place, it will not cause environmental pollution.6.父亲用绳子把芹菜（celery）扎在一起，放在河里浸了浸，然后拿到菜场去卖。

Father bound the celery together with a rope and dipped it in the river for a while before he took it to the market for sale.unit 7 1.法庭的判决引起史密斯先生的朋友们的气愤，他们相信他是无辜的。

arouse anger / innocent

The court’s judgment aroused anger among Mr.Smith’s friends, who believed that he was innocent.2.当我们经过那家价格昂贵的餐馆时，父亲催我们快走，他说在这样高档的地方用餐是大大超过我们的经济能力的。

hurry sb along / a fancy place / well beyond our means

As we passed the expensive restaurant, father hurried us along saying that it was well beyond our means to have dinner at such a fancy place.3.老师在评价一篇文章并给它打分时，可能是根据总的印象而不是根据仔细的分析。

evaluate / grade / on the basis of / general impression / rather than / detailed analysis

A teacher may evaluate and grade an essay on the basis of his general impression rather than on a

detailed analysis.4.小狗将我的一张画搞坏了，我真想对它发火，可它那十分可爱的样子使我不禁笑着把它从地上抱了起来。

ruin / be inclined to / get angry at / could not help

I was inclined to get angry at the puppy for ruining my painting but he was so cute that I could not help but laugh and pick him up.5.如今人们理所当然地认为家里总是有自来水的，然而就在不久前，几乎人人都是从井里或小溪里向家里提水。

nowadays / take it for granted that

Nowadays people take it for granted that their homes have running water, but only a short time ago almost everyone had to carry water from a well or a stream to their home.6.安东尼彻夜未眠，因为他对于是否得插手此事举棋不定。

stay up all night / take a hand in / can not make up one’s mind

Anthony stayed up all night because he just could not make up his mind whether or not to take a hand in the matter.unit 8 1.上个周末，我们开车外出度假，希望避开城市的喧嚣和污染，可是汽车途中抛锚我们只好乘出租车回家。

get away from / break down

Last weekend we drove out on vacation hoping to get away from the noise and pollution of the city, but the car broke down on the way and we had to return home by taxi.2.请你注意并非所有的学生都愿意出席毕业典礼，所以学校才要求凡是想领取毕业证书的毕业生都得出席。

mind you / the graduation ceremony / require(从句谓语要用虚拟语气)/ graduating students

Not all of the students, mind you, are willing to attend the graduation ceremony so the school has to require that all graduating students attend the ceremony if they want to receive a diploma.3.对于妇女在社会中的地位问题，我们的许多看法来自封建时代，与今天的社会是格格不入的。

the role of women in society / derive from / be not relevant

Many of the ideas we have about the role of women in society are derived from feudal times and are not relevant in today’s society.4.如今人们的流动性比以往任何时候都大，这也许就是为什么移动电话十分普及的原因。

mobile / than ever before / mobile phones

People today are more mobile than ever before;perhaps this is why mobile phones have become so common.5.几乎每个孩子都曾梦想去太空旅游，体会一下在失重环境下生活是什么样子。

virtually / dream of / experience / in a gravity-free environment

Virtually every child has dreamed of traveling in space and experiencing what it would be like to live in a gravity-free environment.6.我们学校鼓励学生独立思考，不要受老师观点的束缚。

do independent thinking / restrict

Students of our school are encouraged to do independent thinking and not to be restricted by the teacher’s point of view.unit 9 1.任何一个国家，如打算为它的年轻一代提供一个可靠的未来，就应把环境保护放在优先地位。

the younger generation / a secure future / environmental protection / give priority

Environmental protection should be given priority for any country that plans to provide a secure future for the younger generation.2.与宁静而和平的乡村生活相比，城市生活既闹又吵。

compare with / quiet and peaceful / rural life / hectic and noisy

Life in the cities is hectic and noisy compared with rural life which is quiet and peaceful.3.在许多国家，学校要求学生每天早晨上课前向国旗宣誓效忠。

require / the flag of one’s country / pledge loyalty to…

In many countries schools require students to pledge loyalty to the flag of their country before beginning class every morning.4.干旱对环境的影响比水灾对环境的影响更具破坏力，因为干旱持续的时间更长。

the impact of a drought on the environment / be more destructive / last for a longer period of time

The impact of a drought on the environment can be more destructive than that of a flood because it lasts for a longer period of time.5.洪水退走后，士兵们到村里帮助把水排出田里，以便及时重新种上庄稼。

recede / drain the water out of the fields / replant

When the flood receded, the soldiers came to the villages to help drain the water out of the fields so that crops could be replanted in time.6.有一个时候，每个人起码都认识几个邻居，可如今人们似乎太忙，无暇相互接触。

at one time / at least / stay in touch with one another

At one time everyone at least knew some of their neighbors, but today it seems that people are too busy to have time to stay in touch with one another.unit 10 1.退休的人如果找不到什么事情可做，常会意志消沉。

retired people / be depressed

Retired people are often depressed if they can’t find something to do.2.为了帮我们准备好参加辩论，教练要我们经常注意与我们自己的论点相悖的论点。

be aware of / arguments / reverse

To prepare us for the debate, the coach wanted us to be always aware of the arguments that are quite the reverse of ours.3.在工作日全家都忙着干活，但一到周末他们喜欢坐进汽车开到附近乡下兜风。

on weekdays / be busy working / drive around the nearby countryside

On weekdays the whole family were busy working, but when the weekend came they loved to get in the car and drive around the nearby countryside.4.医生往往为自己能够医治好病人罕见的疾病而自豪。

prides oneself on / cure / a rare disease

A doctor often prides himself on the ability to cure his patient of a rare disease.5.如果不按时将书归还图书馆或到期前不续借，就得按规定罚款。

not renewed before they are due / in accordance with regulations / pay a fine

If books are not returned to the library on time or not renewed before they are due, a fine must be

paid in accordance with regulations.6.总的说，很少有人不抱怨自己的工作的，然而一旦他们不能工作了他们又会不高兴。

on the whole / complain about

大学英语精读4课后篇2

关键词：独立学院,英语精读,课后练习

0 引言

在语言课程中, 要想达到熟练运用的目的, 就需要从各个方面以各种形式进行反复的操练, 大学英语的教学也是如此。目前国内普遍使用的大学英语的各种教材, 每个学习单元都配有相应的练习题。以笔者所在的南京某高校的独立学院为例, 采用的是, 本教材练习部分的篇幅大、覆盖面广, 包含了对学生文章内容理解、词汇记忆、语法结构、拓展写作等多方位的考察。但在实际教学过程中, 由于各种原因, 课后练习的处理还是存在不少问题:

第一是时间的限制。教材课后练习的量不少, 但是一般的教学进度计划的练习课只有2-3个课时, 不可能都放在课堂时间内当堂操练和讲解。

第二是学生的意识。如果教师把练习的准备工作放到课外, 能否达到练习的效果, 很大程度上取决于学生的自主学习能力和学习态度。独立学院的大部分学生语言基础较差, 学习积极性也不高, 无法独立完成练习, 他们要么不做, 要么就照抄教参的答案, 根本没有经过自己的思考。不管是哪种情况, 都失去了练习的意义。所以, 简单的把大部分练习推给学生课外自觉练习是不现实的, 主要还得靠教师在课堂上指导学生有效完成。

第三是教师的方法。在练习课上, 许多老师就是按照练习的编排顺序和学生逐题讲解或者对答案, 学生听得无趣, 老师讲的也无味, 课堂气氛沉闷。不少教师甚至认为练习做不做无所谓, 连核对答案这一步也省去。另外, 现在市面上的各种版本的教学参考书都写的非常详细, 从课文背景到语言点分析, 从文章结构到练习答案, 应有尽有, 对学生来说, 专门的练习课似乎已经没有什么必要了。

针对大学英语练习课的教法, 国内不少语言专家和大学英语教师都进行了相关的调查和研究, 从教材本身的编排、教师对练习的处理、学生课后自主学习等方面进行了探讨, 目的都是为了使练习课成为学生英语知识和技能得到巩固和提高的有效场所。笔者在总结前人研究的基础上, 根据自己在独立学院的具体教学实践, 以《21世纪大学英语读写教程》 (修订版) Text A后的练习为例, 对独立学院大学英语精读练习课的处理进行了初步的探索。

1 独立学院英语精读教程课后练习的处理方法

《21世纪大学英语读写教程》 (修订版) 的每个单元包括Text A, Text B和Text C三篇文章, 都配有相应的习题。其中Text A是精读课上的重点, 其余两篇文章一般由学生课后自主学习完成。Text A后面的练习主要由Reading Aloud, Comprehension of the Text, Vocabulary, Word Building, Structure, Cloze, Translation, Reading Analysis和Structured Writing等九个部分组成。Reading Aloud选择了课文的一两段文字供学生朗读和背诵来增加语感;Text Comprehension采用问答式题型引导学生对课文内容进行探索;Vocabulary练习帮助学生掌握常用单词和词组的用法;Word Building帮助学生熟悉并掌握一些常用的词缀以扩大词汇量;Structure部分操练一些常用的句型帮助学生提高写作能力;Cloze部分根据课文内容改写而成, 具有帮助学生进一步理解课文内容和巩固词汇知识的双重作用;Translation有英译汉和汉译英两种, 前者针对的是课文段落的翻译, 后者为句子翻译, 要求学生主要使用课文中学到的词汇和句型来遣词造句;Reading Analysis和Structured Writing是有机联系的, 指导学生在分析课文篇章结构特点的基础上, 进行模仿写作。以上这些练习题型的设置构成了一个紧扣单元课文的全方位的练习链。如何在有限的时间内充分而有效的利用这些丰富的练习非常关键。

1.1 灵活掌握做练习的时间

教师平时安排教学进度和进行备课的时候, 通常会把每次课的任务划分清楚, 分为词汇学习、课文讲解、课后练习等几个先后的步骤, 但是在实际的操作中不必拘泥。练习本身就是针对课文中的知识点进行设计的, 所以完全可以穿插到相应的学习过程中去, 或者说, 把不同的练习放在不同的授课时段来处理。比如说, Vocabulary中的词汇填空题, 在单词学习结束之后就要求学生完成, “趁热打铁”, 及时把所学知识进行实际应用和检查;Comprehension of the Text可以结合课文的讲解进行;Structure练习是对课文中出现的一些常用句型而展开的专项训练, 也可以将其穿插到课文内容讲解的时候进行, 在讲到文中相应原句的时候结合练习进行分析和训练, 目的明确, 效果会更好。其余的练习可以让学生统一在练习课上或课后完成。

1.2 合理调整练习的形式

教材在练习的编排上考虑到的是所有学生的需要, 从语言的各个方面进行了设计。教师在教学中应该根据自己学生的实际水平和需要, 将课后练习进行适度的调整或者加工改造, 使练习的难易度和趣味性更容易被学生接受, 从而调动学生的积极性, 提高做练习的效果。比如说, Vocabulary部分的填空练习, 不仅要把合适的词和正确的形式放进去, 还要解释整句话的意思;Comprehension of the Text中的问题的数量和难度不一定合适, 教师可以删减部分, 或者改变问题的说法;Structure中给的练习句子很多, 在课堂上只需挑选三四个比较有代表性的句子训练一下就可以了, 节省时间;中译英练习可以要求学生为每个句子提供不同版本的翻译, 尝试使用多样的词汇和句型, 避免学生照抄答案;Reading Analysis和Structured Writing部分结合四六级考试的写作要求进行练习, 学生动脑动笔的目的性和动力就更强。

2 需要注意的问题和建议

2.1 参考书的使用问题

独立学院的学生由于缺乏扎实的语言基础和良好的学习习惯, 不善或不愿独立思考, 所以他们对各类教学参考书的依赖性较强, 平时学习、做练习和复习迎考都指望参考书, 导致上课不认真听讲、课后照搬答案, 死记硬背而非真正掌握了知识点。所以教师在一开始就要强调参考书的正确使用:课堂上不要带来, 课后作为复习整理时查漏补缺的参考。

2.2 教师之间加强合作

教师要安排好练习课, 势必会增加备课量, 而且理想的做法是针对各个单元的特点和学生不同学习阶段的需要采用相应的方式方法, 单个教师的时间、精力和创新性可能不够, 考虑也未必周到。如果教研室的教师可以合作编写和建立一套与课文配套的练习活动资源库, 提供多样的设计和材料供教师和学生选择, 就可以大大减少教师的负担。

3 结语

总而言之, 大学英语课时少, 任务重, 练习量大, 内容多, 如何上好大学英语的练习课非常关键;独立学院的学生的语言基础和心理特点更是需要教师的耐心和爱心。这些都要求独立学院的英语教师要加大备课力度, 关注学生需求, 群策群力, 精心设计课内课外的教学和练习活动, 才能使学生的各项语言技能得到全面的训练和巩固, 实现既定的教学目标。

参考文献

[1]陈淑贤.《大学英语教程》练习课教学初探[J].黑龙江高教研究, 1994 (03) .

[2]李艳.谈《大学英语》 (全新版) 《综合教程》课后练习的处理方法[J].成都教育学院学报, 2006 (11) .

[3]毛立群.外语综合实用能力的培养与练习设计[J].外语界, 2004 (03) .

[4]宋梅.“流动工作站”——大学英语练习课的新形势[Z].复旦外国语言文学论丛 (2008年秋季号) .

现代大学英语精读1课后答案篇3

hunt；

drank；

queer；

asleep；

woke；

occurred；

absence；

portrait；

replace.3．Grammar Work Put in the blanks with correct verb forms.(1)was surfing；

was cut；

(2)will have planted；

(3)was；

had not been；

(4)has been married；

(5)is；

will be；

(6)is；

must have rained 4．Written Work Write what you’ve learnt from the text about the little boy’s life in school in about 100 words.5．Translation(1)也许所有教育最有价值的结果就是培养你有具有让你完成你不得不做的任何该做的事,不管你愿不愿意做.(2)教育就是能让我们不断地发现我们的无知.2、Lesson 2 Going Home Answers 1.Oral work(1)What do you know about these young people?(2)How did the young people feel when they heard the story ? 2.Vocabulary test 1)choose the right word and put in the proper form:(1)across(2)rise(3)attend/ take part in(4)reach(5)since(6)above/ below 2)Put in the missing words.screaming；

clenched；

triumph；

exaltation；

except；

stunned；

misty；

covered；

ribbons；

banner 3.Grammar work Translation.(1)Nobody could tell where the treasure was hidden.(2)The traffic will be very heavy on the road during the rush hour everyday.(3)He may have given her advice, but I doubt if it does her any good.(4)What she learned at university proved useful in her research.(5)If he had waited for the traffic lights to change, he would not have been killed.(6)If not I had seen him at the party yesterday evening!4.Written Work 略.5.Translation(1)多给人原谅比多去谴责(2)如果我们想要去爱,我们必须学会如何去原谅.3、Lesson 3 Massage of the Land Answers 1.Oral work(answers omitted)2.Vocabulary test 1)(1)unfaithful(2)take out(3)talk over(4)send for(5)sent away(6)send up 2)Put the missing words(1)sick / ill(2)alone(3)out(4)phone(5)on(6)until(7)church(8)only(9)answered(10)needed(11)clever(12)save(13)bit(14)now 3)Write the numbers in words.(1)Two hundred and eight(2)One thousand five hundred / fifteen hundred(3)Seven thousand, one hundred and twenty-eight.(4)two dollars six-five / two dollars and sixty-five cents.(5)fourth(6)twenty-first(7)thirtieth(8)one half, three quarters, four fifths 3.Grammar work(answers omitted)4.Written Work One possible version: My parents were born, brought up and married on this land.They have been living there through their life.They got up at sunrise and retired with their chickens.They planted and reaped rice and raised a few goats, cows and chickens which could provide what they needed in their daily life..However, the piece of lands was no longer fertile, bleeding year after year, like them, getting old and exhausted.The soil was not difficult to till when there was a lot of rain, but in a bad year, it was not only the ploughs that broke but their hearts, too.The farmer life is hard but my parents are enjoying it.They cherish their land and never want to leave it.5.Translation.1)家再贫寒，也没有任何地方能和它比。

2）家庭生活中标最重要的不仅是成员之间的心领神会，还需要心领神犀一点通。

3）我的丈夫对此却比我安心多了。他总是不闻不问、不紧不慢，沉默寡言，自个儿过日 4、Lesson 4 The Boy and the Bank Officer Answers 1.Oral work(answers omitted)2.Vocabulary test 1)Choose the right word and put it in the proper form.(1)take(2)bring(3)possibly(4)probably(5)probably(6)each(7)every 2)Put in the missing words.(1)relied(2)time(3)still(4)when(5)to(6)a(7)finally(8)started(9)As(10)trying(11)attention(12)tickets(13)then(14)back 3． Grammar work.Put in a, an, the, or “/” in the blankets(1)a, /,/(2)the(3)/,the(4)/,a(5)/, /(6)the, the(7)the, an 4．Written work One possible version: I was forced again by the bully to go to the bank for money.I handed over my own savings-account book to the bank officer, but unfortunately, he refused by saying that I was too young to withdraw money.I couldn’t believe it.When did this tiresome rule come out? A warn-hearted man argued with him that this so-called policy was ridiculous.But the officer insisted his opinion, I became hopeless.Suddenly, the kind man said to the officer that why you let the boy withdraw money before but not now.The officer annoyed, and still persisted in his refusal.This moment, I was totally upset and walked out of the bank.“What should I do? How can I deal with the wicked guy?” 5．Translation.1）我们应该为保持一个安全的环境作出自己的贡献。

2）人生最大的教训是知道即使傻瓜有时也是对的。

3）当时正式吃午饭的时候，银行只有一个又一个职员值班。他是个人40来岁的黑人，梳着短短的平头，留着一字胡，穿着一身整洁熨汤过的棕色西装。他浑身上下都显示出他是个穿着讲究、有身份的人。

5、Lesson 5 Angels on a Pin Answers 1.Oral work 1)How can we control the frequent floods in the Yangtzi River valley? 2)What do you think is the best way to fight against pollution(crime/corruption/smoking?)2.Vocabulary text 1)Choose the best word and put it in the proper form.(1)locked(2)disappointed(3)excited(4)surrounded(5)solved/settled(6)finished 2)Put in the missing words.(1)thirsty(2)in(3)best(4)why(5)so(6)finished(7)out(8)wasn’t(9)idea(10)back(11)against(12)climb(13)on(14)get(15)help(16)thought(17)advice(18)when(19)quickly(20)after(21)promise(22)but(23)as(24)have(25)before 3.Grammar work 1)Complete the exercises on the passive form(1)Hamlet was written by Shakespeare.(2)She was caught shoplifting.(3)Your bicycle is being repaired now.(4)A Roman pavement has just been found under Oxford Street.(5)Has Peter been invited to supper tonight?(6)Stamps are not sold in university bookstores.4.Written work Imagine yourself to be the student in the story and describe your experience of the exam in about 100 words.5.Translation(1)光勤劳是不够的，蚂蚁也是勤劳的。要看你为什么而勤劳。

(2)时间是个多才多艺的表演者。它能展翅飞翔，能阔步前进，能治愈创伤，能消逝而去，也能揭示真相 6、Lesson 6 The Monsters Are Due on Maple Street Answers 1.Oral work Read aloud the paragraphs in the play and act out the play.2.Vocabulary test 1)Choose the best word and put it in the proper form.(1)homely(2)weekly(3)fortnightly(4)timely(5)friendly(6)unlikely 2)Put in the missing words.(1)physically(2)for(3)started(4)with(5)race(6)times(7)heard(8)down(9)turned(10)bent(11)make(12)all(13)together(14)stood(15)on 3.Grammar work 1)Make each pair of sentences in to one sentence.(1)I’m sorry for those people who haven’t got a sense of responsibility.(2)He had a simple idea which changed the world.(3)It’s a book everybody talks about but nobody reads(4)I met a girl whose beauty took my breath away.(5)The dentist pulled out the two teeth which had been causing a lot of trouble.(6)All the poems she wrote were destroyed in a fire.4.Written work In about 100 words, write a summary of the play with the help of the following questions.1)When and where did the event tae place? 2)What happened one night? 3)What were people’s first reactions? 4)What did Tommy tee the people? 5)What was the effect of Tommy’s words? 6)What is the message of the story? 5.Translation(1)生活而无目标，犹如航海之无指南针。

(2)胜利是不会向我走来的，我必须自己走向胜利。

7、Lesson 7 Mandela’s Garden Answers 1.Oral work.2.Vocabulary test.1)Choose the right word and put it in its proper form.(1)earth(2)land, soil(3)remove(4)moved(5)learn(6)study 2)Put in the missing words.(1)who(2)history(3)went(4)animals(5)out(6)and(7)ago(8)grew(9)planted(10)stay(11)women(12)hunting(13)home 14)agriculture 3.Grammar work.Choose an appropriate conjunction from as/ since/until/when/while.1)While 2)since 3)When 4)until 5)As 6)as 4.Written work..5.Translation.1)事后诸葛亮。

2)自食其果。

8、Lesson 8 My Personal Manager Answers 1.Oral work.2.Vocabulary test.1)Complete the sentences, using the proper form of the phrasal verbs listed below: look after/look at/ look around/ look like/ look back/ look up/ look out.(1)look after(2)look like(3)look at(4)look around(5)Looking back(6)looked up 2)Put in the missing words.(1)dancing(2)going(3)meeting(4)sitting(5)working(6)joining(7)running(8)lifting(9)doing(10)taking(11)Exercising(12)wasting 3.Grammar work.Complete the exercises on comparatives and superlatives.1)nicer 2)father/further 3)less anxious 4)worse 5)more…than 6)latter 4.Written work.5.Translation.1)人多力量大。

2)世上无难事，只要肯攀登。

大学英语精读4课后篇4

Unit 1

英译汉：Today, a gap year refers mostly to a year taken before starting university or college.During their gap year, American students either engage in advanced academic courses or do some volunteer work to improve their knowledge, maturity, decision-making, leadership, independence, self-sufficiency and more, thus improving their résumés before going to college.British and European students, however, take a much more holiday-style approach to the gap year by generally working for 3–6 months and then travelling around the world before college begins.This is intended to expand their minds, personal confidence, experiences and interests prior to college.It is a much less structured approach than taken in the United States, and is generally viewed by parents as a formative year for young adults to become independent and learn a great deal of responsibility prior to engaging in university life.参考译文：如今，间隔年最为普遍的含义是指上大学前的一年。在这一年中，美国学生或是学习高级学术类课程，或是做一些志愿服务，以此来提高自己的知识水平、成熟度、决策力、领导力、独立性、自给自足以及多方面的能力，力求在上大学之前让自己的简历变得更加完善。然而，英国和欧洲的学生更倾向于把间隔年当作假期来看待。他们通常用3-6个月的时间打打工，然后利用剩余的时间在大学开学前环球旅行。这样，在上大学前，他们可以增长见识，提升自信，丰富阅历，培养兴趣。与美国的间隔年不同，英国和欧洲的做法没有那么周密的安排。家长们通常把间隔年看作是年轻人成长起来的一年，他们在开始大学生活之前变得独立，并学会承担很多责任。

汉译英：今天，很多中国的大学非常重视培养学生的创新意识和创业精神（entrepreneurship）。很多知名大学与多家公司建立长期的合作关系。这些公司会定期从大学中录用合格的毕业生。此外，有些校友还创建启动资金，支持学生创办自己的企业。一些大学的校长表示，创业与学习并不矛盾，鼓励学生创业可以帮助他们将专业知识应用于实践，提升自身的竞争力(competitiveness）。

参考译文：Today, many Chinese universities attach great importance to cultivating innovation awareness and entrepreneurship.Many prestigious universities establish long-term relationships with a lot of companies.These companies recruit qualified graduates from the universities on a regular basis.What’s more, some alumni even create start-up funds to support students in starting their own business.The presidents of some universities say that doing business and studying are not in conflict and that encouraging students to set up businesses can help them put their specialized knowledge into practice and raise their competitiveness.比如，把冰糖和梨放在一起蒸是很好的药膳，可以起到润肺（moisten lung）、化痰（dissolve phlegm）、止咳（arrest cough）的作用。

For example, pear steamed with rock sugar is a medicated diet, good for moistening the lung, dissolving phlegm and arresting cough.药膳不仅具有药物的疗效，还具有食物的美味。Chinese medicated diets have not only the efficiency of medicine, but also the delicacy of food.药膳是中国人日常饮食的重要组成部分，现在就连外国人也开始喜爱、接受中国药膳。They are an important part of Chinese people’s daily meals.Even people from other countries have come to love and consume Chinese medicated diets.Unit 2

英译汉：Table manners are the rules of etiquette that should be observed by diners.In the UK, the host or hostess takes the first bite after all food is served and everyone is seated.Food should always be tasted before salt and pepper are added.It is acceptable to take some butter from the butter dish with a butter knife and put it onto a side plate.This prevents the butter in the dish from gathering bread crumbs as it is passed around.It is impolite to reach over someone to pick up food or other items.Diners should always ask for items to be passed along the table to them.Food should always be chewed with the mouth closed.It is rude to eat noisily.Talking with food in one’s mouth is also seen as very impolite.When someone has finished eating, they should place the knife and fork together on the plate and place the napkin unfolded on the table.参考译文：餐桌礼仪是就餐者必须遵守的礼仪规范。在英国，要等到所有的饭菜端上桌、所有的就餐者都就座后，男主人或女主人才带头开始吃。应该在尝过饭菜之后再加盐和胡椒。可以用黄油刀从黄油盘中取一些黄油放在小寸盘子中，这样可以防止黄油在盘子传递的过程中粘上面包屑。不要探起身子隔着人去拿食物或其他东西，这样做不礼貌。就餐者应请同桌的人把需要的物品递过来。嚼饭菜的时候一定要闭着嘴, 吃饭吧唧嘴不礼貌。而且边吃东西边说话也是很不礼貌的行为。吃完后，应该把刀叉放在盘子上，把用过的餐巾展开放在餐桌上。

汉译英：中国药膳（Chinese medicated diet）源远流长，是中国宝贵的文化遗产，也是中医养生学的重要内容。药膳对预防疾病和强身健体有着显著的功效。比如，把冰糖和梨放在一起蒸是很好的药膳，可以起到润肺（moisten lung）、化痰（dissolve phlegm）、止咳（arrest cough）的作用。药膳不仅具有药物的疗效，还具有食物的美味。药膳是中国人日常饮食的重要组成部分，现在就连外国人也开始喜爱、接受中国药膳。

参考译文：Chinese medicated diets have a long history.They are part of the valuable cultural heritage of China and an important part of Chinese health study.Medicated diets have a notable effect on the prevention of diseases and improvement of physical fitness.For example, pear steamed with rock sugar is a medicated diet, good for moistening the lung, dissolving phlegm and arresting cough.Chinese medicated diets have not only the efficiency of medicine, but also the delicacy of food.They are an important part of Chinese people’s daily meals.Even people from other countries have come to love and consume Chinese medicated diets.中国的父母历来重视孩子的教育。

Chinese parents pay a lot of attention to their children’s education.他们认为，如果孩子做事时能得到大人适当的指导，就会更愿意完成复杂的工作，因此，―手把手教‖被视为教育孩子的最佳方式。They hold that

children are more willing to accomplish complicated tasks if adults can give them proper guidance.Therefore, ―teaching by giving step-by-step directions‖ is taken as the best way to educate children.近年来，受西方教育观念的影响，中国的父母开始注重培养孩子的独立性和创造力。In recent years, under the influence of Western ideas of education, Chinese parents are beginning to give more priority to fostering independence and creativity in children.他们鼓励孩子参加兴趣班学习绘画或音乐，希望孩子通过不断的学习和探索而获得全面的发展。

They encourage their children to attend interest classes to learn painting or music.They hope that their children will become all-round individuals by constantly learning and exploring.Unit 4

英译汉：In the United States, the vast majority of Americans live with people to whom they are related by blood or marriage.Most American couples have two or three children, though larger families are not unusual.Typically, the family consists of parents and their minor children.Middle-aged and elderly people generally do not live with their married children.However, parents usually keep in close contact with their grown children.On holidays, members of the larger family group — grandparents, aunts, uncles, and cousins — often dine together.In the past, very few people would have liked living with their parents beyond childhood.But recently, more and more young American people have been returning home after graduating from college.Some of them decide to stay home and save money while working hard toward the day they can establish a home of their own.This is a practical decision, as so much work —academic and professional — is needed today in order to become self-sufficient.参考译文：在美国，绝大多数美国人都与有血缘关系或婚姻关系的人一起生活。大部分美国夫妻有两三个孩子，虽然更大的家庭也并不少见。一个美国家庭通常包括父母及未成年子女。中老年人一般不跟已婚子女住在一起。不过，父母常常与成年子女保持密切的联系。假期的时候，大家庭的成员（包括祖父母、姨妈 / 姑姑、舅舅 / 叔叔及堂 / 表兄弟姐妹们等）经常一起聚餐。过去，孩子长大后很少有人愿意跟父母住在一起。但是近年来，越来越多的美国年轻人大学毕业后回家与父母同住。有些人决定住在家里，一边努力工作一边攒钱，直到有一天他们有能力自立门户。这是一个现实的决定，因为现在一个人要想实现自给自足就需要在学业和职业上付出大量的努力。

汉译英：中国的父母历来重视孩子的教育。他们认为，如果孩子做事时能得到大人适当的指导，就会更愿意完成复杂的工作，因此，―手把手教‖被视为教育孩子的最佳方式。近年来，受西方教育观念的影响，中国的父母开始注重培养孩子的独立性和创造力。他们鼓励孩子参加兴趣班学习绘画或音乐，希望孩子通过不断的学习和探索而获得全面的发展。

参考译文：Chinese parents pay a lot of attention to their children’s education.They hold that children are more willing to accomplish complicated tasks if adults can give them proper guidance.Therefore, ―teaching by giving step-by-step directions‖ is taken as the best way to educate children.In recent years, under the influence of Western ideas of education, Chinese parents are beginning to give more priority to fostering independence and creativity in children.They encourage their children to attend interest classes to learn painting or music.They hope that their children will become all-round individuals by constantly learning and exploring.Unit 5

英译汉：Social networking sites are an important part of life in the US.About two-thirds of American adults online use social media platforms such as Facebook, Twitter, MySpace or LinkedIn.Connecting with family members and friends is a primary consideration in their adoption of social media tools.Some media users go to these sites in order to stay in touch with current friends and family members, while others try to connect with old friends they’ve lost touch with.Sharing hobbies or interests, making new friends, reading comments by public figures and finding potential romantic partners are also among the reasons for using social networking sites.Social networking sites can also serve as information networks where people share information with other users.Instead of searching through a news source such as the website of The New York Times or ESPN that caters to all people, a person can check their Twitter account and find out about their favourite team’s scores and news.参考译文：社交网站是美国人生活的重要组成部分。有大约三分之二的美国成年网民使用像脸书、推特、我的空间或领英这样的社交媒体平台。与家人和朋友联系是他们使用社交媒体工具的首要因素。一些社交媒体用户到这些网站上去是为了与现在的朋友和家人保持联系，有的人则是为了联系已失去联系的故友。分享共同的兴趣爱好、结交新朋友、阅读公众人物的评论、寻找潜在的浪漫情缘也是人们使用社交网站的原因。社交网站也可以用作信息网站，人们可以在社交网站上与网友分享信息。要想了解自己喜爱的球队的比赛得分和消息，人们可以登录他们的推特账户去查看，而不用搜索面向大众群体的信息网，如《纽约时报》的官网或娱乐与体育节目电视网。

汉译英：最近的调查显示，中国手机网民的数量超过电脑网民，网民的手机上网率高达85.8％。手机已成为继电视、广播、报纸、杂志之后的第五大媒体。中国人通过手机上网，享受微博、微信、播客（podcast）等新媒体所带来的便利与好处。新媒体生动、实时、互动的特点吸引了大批的年轻人。微信朋友圈让人们能够经常与朋友互动交流，而播客则满足了人们表达自我、张扬个性的需要。

参考译文：A recent survey indicated that the number of people accessing the Internet by mobile phone has overtaken the number of Internet users on computers.Online access on mobile phones has risen to 85.8%.The mobile phone has become the fifth mass medium after the traditional four media: television, radio, newspapers and magazines.With online access by mobile phone, Chinese people are enjoying the convenience and benefits of all kinds of new media like MicroBlog, WeChat, and podcasts.The vividness, real-timeness and interactivity of such media have attracted many young people.While WeChat’s circle of friends enables people to communicate and interact frequently with friends, podcasts meet people’s need for self-expression and displaying individuality.unit 8

英译汉：Yoga is a physical, mental and spiritual practice or discipline originated in India.But B.K.S.Iyengar(艾扬格)is believed to be the person who helped make yoga popular in the West.Iyengar was born into a poor family.His childhood was plagued by malaria, influenza and tuberculosis.Doctors predicted he would not live past 20.After being introduced to yoga at the age of 16, it took the young man six years to fully regain his health.In 1952 the violinist Yehudi Menuhin(耶胡迪• 梅纽因)met Iyengar in India and then brought him to London.Iyengar taught yoga there, and showed people that yoga is for everyone and that, for modern people who suffer from physical pains and mental stress, yoga is the way to help integrate the mental and the physical plane, bringing about a sense of inner and outer balance.参考译文：瑜伽源于印度，是身体、心理、精神方面的修行或训练。真正使瑜伽在西方得到普及的人是B.K.S.艾杨格。艾杨格出生在一个穷苦的家庭。在童年时代，他受到过疟疾、流行性感冒和肺结核的折磨。医生预言他活不过20 岁。16 岁那年他接触到了瑜伽。在此后的六年里，这个年轻人靠练瑜伽完全康复了。1952 年，小提琴家耶胡迪 · 梅纽因在印度遇见艾杨格，并把他带到了伦敦。艾杨格在伦敦教瑜伽。他向人们表明瑜伽适合每一个人。对于遭受身体病痛和精神压力双重折磨的现代人而言，瑜伽是帮助他们协调身心，达到内外平衡的途径。

汉译英：养生气功（health qigong）在中国很流行。每天早晨在公园里，我们都可以看到练气功的人们。作为一种传统的保健运动，气功要求耐心和专注。经过长期的静心修炼之后，那些承受巨大压力的人就能逐渐恢复健康，体健心静（mental serenity）。随着现代科学的发展，传统的养生气功已经发展出新的形式以适应现代社会的需求。

精读6课后词汇篇5

【根据余老提示，对于词汇选择以及英英两题，课后Vocabulary该是一项复习要点】

【有错误之处，麻烦看到的人在群邮件中回复指出。不胜感激！】

第一课

A：(句中词汇解释)

conscience – a sense of right and wrong, with an urge to do right

republic – a state or nation in which the supreme power rests in all the citizens entitled to vote and is exercised by representations elected, directly or indirectly, by them and responsible to them

intellectual – appealing to the intellect

virtue – efficacy

to repair to – to go to(a place, esp.go in large numbers to)

design – plan

case – fact

belief – faith, conviction

convenience – benefit, profit

high circle – the high class of the rich

B：（文中新词）

ailment – a mild ,chronic illness小病，失调，疾病

preoccupation – mentally being wholly occupied with or absorbed in one’s thought全神贯注,入神 to augmentfertility;productiveness 生育力,多产，富饶，肥沃

ameliorationprevail制服，压倒

amorphous – vague;without definite form无定形的, 杂乱的enterprise – a bold, difficult , dangerous or important undertaking 事业计划

to succor – to give assistance to in times of need or distress;to help;to aid帮助，救济，支援

to louse up – to spil;to ruin〔美俚〕变坏；弄糟；毁坏

allegation – an assertion or statement made without proof 宣称声称

replete(with)– well-filled or plentifully supplied充分供应的，饱满的；吃饱了的；塞满的monkey wrench 活扳手

coffee maker – a utensil, as an electrical applicance, for brewing coffee

aberration – a departure from what is right or correct 偏差，越轨

to seduceof, based on, or expressing existence关于存在的，依据存在经验的nitrate 硝酸盐

to excrete 排泄

to metabolize（使）产生代谢变化

algae 海藻

to ingest – to take(food)in to the body, as by swallowing, inhaling or absorbing咽下，摄取，吸收 innocuouslyto come near or nearer to sb./ sth.In space or time

faithcommitment of philosophy

to reportpower of learning, understanding, and reasoning

to conditionto express in another language or in simpler words

temper(fo a person)not a slave or prisoner;allowed to move where one wants;having physical freedom to betrayworldly世俗的to endow-to provide with some talent or quality 授与，赋与

creed – a set of beliefs, principles or opinions on any subject教义，信条

Americanism – a thing of feature, characteristic of, or peculiar to the US对于美国的忠诚与拥护;美国精神 to construe – to explain or deduce the meaning of;to interpret解释，给…下注解；推论

spectrum – a continuous range or entire extent范围，幅度

empirical – relying or based solely on experiment and observation rather than on scientific principles经验主义的 pragmatism – concerned with actual practice, everyday affairs, etc.not with theory or speculation实用主义

freehold – an estate in land held for life or with the right to pass it on through inheritance永久业权

salient – prominent;conspicuous;most noticeable显著的，卓越的，惹人注目的per se – by or in itself本身

discourse-communication of ideas, information, etc.esp.by talking, conversation讲演，论说

besetting sin – the fault that especially or most frequently tempts one易犯的恶习

fatalistic 宿命论

custodyto celebrate

at issueto train to develop self-control, character

someone’s writ runsmilitary strength

to stayto extract sth.From sth.B：

to split asunder – to disunite

bonds – shackles 束缚，桎梏

invective – violent verbal attack 猛烈抨击痛骂