美国留学：GRE如何拿高分？

美国留学：GRE如何拿高分？（精选6篇）

美国留学：GRE如何拿高分？篇1

GRE填空作为GRE考试的传统项目，可以说是无数考生最为痛恨的一个部分。为什么这么说呢?因为GRE填空本质上就是在考词汇。如果考生词汇量不够，掌握深度不足，那么就很难做好填空题，没有任何技巧和花招可用。因此，只有在备考中脚踏实地地背好单词，考生才可能拿到高分。而在GRE填空的备考中，考生尤其需要注意做好这3个复习步骤。

1. GRE词汇背诵不能停

如同开头所讲的，考生一定要突破单词障碍，千万不能放松单词的背诵。现在填空题对单词的要求量依然很大，很多单词都是平常没有见到过的。在做题的过程中，我们会遇到这样的情况，题目都看懂了，也知道空格中应该填什么样的词，但是一看选项就傻眼了，选项中的单词大部分都不认识。如果选项中的单词都认识了，那么填空题目也就搞定了。所以突破单词就是打开了填空题的第一道大门，单词是做题的基础，万万不能忽视。

2. 提升快速阅读和理解的能力

除了词汇基础外，考生还需要提高快速阅读和理解的能力。虽然填空题更多的考查的是单词的用法和精确含义，但是有些题目的句子本身也是很长的，例如两空题和三空题，尤其是三空题。做这样的题目时，如果考生具备有一定的阅读技能，就能起到事半功倍的效果，让考生能够快速理解句子的意思，做出适合的选择。

3. 勤加练习才能熟能生巧

无论是词汇还是阅读能力，归根到底还要落到实处，通过练习来检验成果。孰能生巧几乎可以适用于任何的考试。GRE填空的练习题有时候只做一遍是不够的，许多题目往往需要多做两遍，例如陈圣元句子填空，和一些模考中的题目。因为多做几遍这样的题可以帮助我们熟悉GRE填空题的出题思路，总结出一些重复的基本规律。同时许多快速阅读和理解的方法，也需要通过练习来加以熟悉，如此才能顺利运用到考试之中。

总而言之，虽然GRE填空考察的是词汇，看似难度不低，但只要考生在备考中打好词汇基础，在结合上文提到的一些备考要点和复习心得，想要取得高分也并非难事。

GRE考试填空题模拟练习

1. If efficacious new medicines have side effects that are commonly observed and _____, such medicines are too often considered _____, even when laboratory tests suggest caution.

Blank (i) Blank (ii)

A salutary D outdated

B unpredictable E safe

C unremarkable F experimental

答案：AE

2. A number of writers who once greatly _____ the literary critic have recently recanted, substituting _____ for their former criticism.

Blank (i) Blank (ii)

A disparaged D approbation

B lauded E ambivalence

C influenced F censure

答案：AF

3. The actual _____ of Wilson’s position was always _____ by his refusal to compromise after having initially agreed to negotiate a settlement.

Blank (i) Blank (ii)

A cowardice D betrayed

B rigidity E foreshadowed

C uncertainty F alleviated

答案：AE

4. Salazar’s presence in the group was so _____ the others that they lost most of their earlier _____; failure, for them, became all but unthinkable.

Blank (i) Blank (ii)

A mundane D practicable

B visionary E appealing

C eclectic F ignored

答案：AE

5. Although the architects concept at first sounded too _____ to be_____, his careful analysis of every aspect of the project convinced the panel that the proposed building was indeed, structurally feasible.

Blank (i) Blank (ii)

A unnoticed by D confidence

B reassuring to E exhilaration

C unexpected by F trepidation

答案：CD

6. He was regarded by his followers, as something of _____, not only because of his insistence on strict discipline, but also because of his _____ adherence to formal details.

Blank (i) Blank (ii)

A an acolyte D reluctant

B a martinet E sporadic

C a tyrant F rigid

答案：BF

7. The valedictory address, as it has developed in American colleges and universities over the years, has become a very strict form, a literary _____ that permits very little _____.

Blank (i) Blank (ii)

A experience D scientifically

B conjecture E empirically

C surmise F aesthetically

答案：AD

8. Although _____ is usually thought to spring from regret for having done something wrong, it may be that its origin is the realization that one’s own nature is irremediably _____.

Blank (i) Blank (ii)

A remorse D innocent

B skepticism E frivolous

C certitude F flawed

答案：CE

9. Unlike philosophers who constructed theoretically ideal states, she built a theory based on _____; thus, although her constructs may have been inelegant, they were _____ sound.

Blank (i) Blank (ii)

A genre D deviation

B feature E rigidity

C achievement F grandiloquence

答案：CD

10. Even though political editorializing was not _____ under the new regime, journalists still experienced _____, though perceptible , governmental pressure to limit dissent.

Blank (i) Blank (ii)

A commended D clear

B encouraged E discreet

C forbidden F overt

答案：CE

GRE考试填空题模拟练习

1. No longer______by the belief that the world around us was expressly designed for humanity, many people try to find intellectual______for that lost certainty in astrology and in mysticism.

Blank (i) Blank (ii)

A an accepted D anachronism to

B an underground E concern about

C an unknown F defiance against

答案：AE

2. Noting that few employees showed any______for complying with the corporations new safety regulations, Peterson was forced to conclude that acceptance of the regulations would be______, at best.

Blank (i) Blank (ii)

A enthusiasm D grudging

B indifference E indeterminate

C rectitude F unavoidable

答案：AD

3. Yellow fever, the disease that killed 4,000 Philadelphians in 1793, and so______Memphis, Tennessee, that the city lost its charter, has reappeared after nearly two decades in______in the Western Hemisphere.

Blank (i) Blank (ii)

A decimated D abeyance

B terrorized E secret

C corrupted F quarantine

答案：AD

4. Nature’s energy efficiency often______human technology: despite the intensity of the light fireflies produce, the amount of heat is negligible; only recently have humans developed chemical light-producing systems whose efficiency______ the firefly’s system.

Blank (i) Blank (ii)

A admire D elusive

B dismiss E relevant

C adapt F unconventional

答案：AE

5. Hampshire’s assertions, far from showing that we can______the ancient puzzles about objectivity, reveal the issue to be even more______than we had thought.

Blank (i) Blank (ii)

A candid D soliciting

B idiosyncratic E altering

C reticent F eschewing

答案：BE

6. Many of the earliest colonial houses that are still standing have been so modified and enlarged that the______design is no longer______.

Blank (i) Blank (ii)

A embellished D discernible

B initial E applicable

C appropriate F attractive

答案：BD

7. Ironically, the party leaders encountered no greater ______their efforts to build a progressive party than the______of the progressives already elected to the legislature.

Blank (i) Blank (ii)

A sustained D reasons

B restricted E substitutes

C hampered F justifications

答案：BF

8. As for the alleged value of expert opinion, one need only ______ government records to see______ evidence of the failure of such opinions in many fields.

Blank (i) Blank (ii)

A distribute D questionable

B consult E strong

C retain F circumstantial

答案：BE

9. Just as astrology was for centuries______faith, countering the strength of established churches, so today believing in astrology is an act of______ the professional sciences.

Blank (i) Blank (ii)

A benefit from D success

B obstacle to E reputation

C praise for F resistance

答案：BF

10. Though extremely______about his own plans, the man allowed his associates no such privacy and was constantly______information about what they intended to do next.

Blank (i) Blank (ii)

A outstrips D stimulates

B inhibits E rivals

C determines F reproduce

美国留学：GRE如何拿高分？篇2

一、词汇的积累

现在一份120分的中考英语试卷 (听力口语占30分) , 其中基础知识占25分, 选择题占15分, 词性转换题占10分, 单词拼写只在写作部分 (20分) 出现。但这并不是说词汇不重要, 相反, 它是重要的基础知识, 必须牢牢夯实。背记单词必须落实到行动, 最好每天给自己规定一定的任务量, 当天任务当天务必完成, 绝不拖拉推延。为了强化复习效果, 第二天应将前一天背过的单词再过一遍, 长期坚持不懈, 就可解决词汇积累的问题。这是考试成败的关键和基础, 经过这一步, 就意味着中考已经成功了一半。

二、解题指导

1. 听力题 (听力20分+口语10分)

收集历年听力试题的原文录音材料并熟读。学生对于读过的内容听起来会觉得格外亲切, 容易听懂。

2. 选择题 (15分)

平时练习时可把正确答案填到题上空白处, 多读几遍, 将常错的题收集整理到一个本子上, 把整个句子背下来。单项选择题考查的是基本词汇和基本语法, 一般不会很难, 细心是解题的关键, 要提防陷阱。遇到难解的题, 可暂时把该题搁置起来, 转移一下注意力, 先解决其他题目, 回头再来解答, 或许会有新的解题思路。

3. 完形填空 (15分)

回答完形填空题, 只研究空格本身对于解题毫无意义, 关键是看清楚整篇文章, 在整体中寻找解题线索。解完形填空题的总原则:先完意, 后完形。快速浏览全文, 领悟文章主旨, 通过上下文的语境来选择答案。

4. 阅读理解 (4篇共40分)

先看题目再做题, 在文中将问题相关部分做一些标记 (只看题干, 不看选项) 。除了最后一题可能会引申外, 一般的题目都可在文中找到出处, 所以拿不准的题要重新回到文中去找, 不能偷懒, 仅凭印象和感觉乱选。最后一题往往是推理和态度题, 要抓文段中心句来作答。

5. 任务型阅读 (10分)

任务型阅读相对完形填空和阅读理解更容易得满分, 翻译题可以意译, 但不能漏译。填词时必须认真看上下句。回答问题时要注意问句中的人称和时态, 再到文章中去找相关的句子。写出近义句是最容易得分的, 到文章中去找, 再写下来。主题句是文章的主旨, 要关注文章第一段和最后一段的首尾句。务必记住主题句的表达必须是完整意义的句子, 是一句让没看过文章的人也知道这篇文章所写的内容的句子。

6. 首字母填空 (10分)

通读全文、掌握大意后, 逐字逐句地仔细阅读, 从文章中找出句与文、句与句、词与句、词与词之间的关系, 尤其是一些不易察觉的隐含的微妙关系, 用已知信息去获取未知信息, 以便初步确定答案。在答题过程中, 可以把有把握的词先填好, 逐步减少空格对阅读造成的障碍, 然后再仔细推敲剩下的难题。

7. 书面表达 (20分)

书面表达是主观题, 主观题意味着需要人工阅卷。解题时要抓住阅卷老师的心理, 注意卷面整洁。书面表达在阅卷时遵循内容第一, 语言第二, 结构第三的原则。也就是说要点要写全, 不能遗漏要点, 注意句型的多样化。

英语是一种水平测试, 只要方法正确, 多一分功夫, 就会增加一分分数。

参考文献

[1]中华人民共和国教育部.全日制义务教育英语课程标准 (修订稿) [M].北京:北京师范大学出版社, 2004.

[2]周淑清.初中英语教学模式研究[M].北京:北京语言大学出版社, 2004.

高考英语作文五步法你如何拿高分篇3

错误的认识

等到高三再练作文也不迟。英语作文能及格就行，不求高分

现实

到了高三最后一学期醒悟时，英语作文仍是满篇病句书，难过20分大关。语言的写作运用能力不是一朝一夕就能形成的。因此，只有厚积才能薄发！积累不能等，从现在开始，从平时做起！规范不能等，从现在做起，在每一次训练中找进步！高考英语作文能拿高分，而且要拿高分！

高考作文高分卷的特点

根据高考最新《考纲》、书面表达的评分标准以及高考后的阅卷情况，可以看出书面表达高分卷应具备以下特点：

外在美：书写清楚，字母匀称，词、行间距适当，卷面整洁。

结构美：有合理的段落层次，多为3段式，条理清晰；每段有每段的主题。

词汇美：词汇反映你知识贮存量的多少，也是衡量英语水平的一个重要标志。like→Be fond of，be addicted to/help→do sb a favor

句式美：运用得当的高级句式结构可以给文章增色不少，从而使整篇文章因此而生辉。

衔接美：使用恰当的连接词，对写一篇有“英语味”的文章很重要，能使文章上下衔接自然、紧凑。

那么，如何才能写出这么一篇“五美俱全”的优秀的高考作文呢？根据多年的教学经验，我把英语作文答题总结出“书面表达五步法”，即：

Step1：审题

Step2.抓要点

step3.写草稿

Step4.修改、整合

Step5.抄写

Step1：审题

审题是写好作文的第一步，也是最重要的环节之一。只有审好题，才能使内容不偏离主题，不随意乱发挥，避免因为离题而十失分。因此，审好题是得高分的前提。审好题要做到四确定：

1、确定体裁和格式：不同体裁的文章有不同的写作要求和方法，所以考试在读懂题目要求的前提下，要先确定文章的体裁是应用文、说明文、记叙文还是议论文。近年高考作文以应用文为主。确定好体裁后，在按照该体裁的写作要求和格式进行谋篇构思。

2、确定主体时态。确定了体裁和格式后就要看一看应该用什么主体时态来行文。一篇作文中一般只有一种主体时态。

3、确定中心人称。人称混乱是书面表达的大忌。一般来说，一篇作文中只有一个中心人称贯穿文章始终，使全文逻辑关系一致。当然，根据文章需要，有时也会出现其他人称，但必须保证不能混乱，不能引起歧义。

Step2.抓要点

动笔之前先列出一个提纲是很必要的，这样可以事半功倍，不必再写一句绞尽脑汁想一句。

1、想好开头句。英语作文字数有限，所以开头要求开门见山，就事论事，直奔主题，不需要像语文作文那样进行渲染衬托。

2、安排好段落结构。高考作文基本由10个左右的句子构成，多数情况写成三段式即可：开头、主体、结尾。

3、准确全面的列出要点。高考作文一般3～5个要点，有时基本要点在题目中已经给出，有时则需要我们自己根据要求进行适当发挥补充。。审题时应把要点逐个列出来，这样就可以避免出现离题或遗漏要点的情况。

step3.写草稿

写草稿是很重要的一步，应该养成习惯。但这也是好多同学往往在匆忙中容易忽略的。结果导致想一句写一句，卷面脏乱差，给批卷老师留下很差的第一印象，分数自然很低。我们在写草稿的时候很放松，不必担心写错，可以随意大胆写，所以一气呵成，反而可以更加有效率。

Step4.修改、整合

在列好草稿之后，不要着急誊写，快速检查一篇，首先看有没有出现低级错误，比如时态、主谓一致、冠词等；其次，要想使文章丰满结构清晰，还要恰当的使用一些关联词，吧各个句子和段落连接起来，使文章衔接自然；最后，关注句式的整合提高，一些简单句，可以通过一些简单的变化，使之成为高级句式，比如非限制性定语从句、非谓语动词、倒装句等，这些往往是得分的亮点。

Step5.抄写

高考作文是人工阅卷。漂亮的字体、整洁的卷面无疑会使阅卷老师眼前一亮，这个美好的第一印象会为你取得高分埋下伏笔。实际上，每一篇获得高分的高考作文都是形式与内容的完美结合。

美国留学：GRE如何拿高分？篇4

GRE阅读的能力提升来自长期的阅读量积累和对阅读技巧的磨练，假如考生两者都有所欠缺，那么想要在阅读部分提分，就需要尽可能注意导致扣分的各类问题，通过减少损失来获得提升。gre阅读做题步骤或许你能知道，但是自己的一些做题方法还有技巧的话，那就不是简单的了，还有如果你想知道gre阅读怎么练习的话，那就要认真的把下面的内容看完。

GRE阅读高分来之不易，而能够做好阅读的考生，往往都掌握着一些关键性的技巧，并且对可能导致低分的注意事项也心知肚明。本文汇总了来自天道教育GRE高分考生们的阅读经验，为大家介绍6条阅读高分注意事项和低分禁忌。

GRE阅读高分注意事项：掌握文章常见套路结构

对于考生来说，GRE阅读最令人欣慰的一点，也许就是其文章结构的规范性和公式化。几乎所有的GRE阅读文章都是同一个模子里出来的：第一段探讨一个高深的话题，第二段质疑一个关于此话题来自其他人的观点或看法，最后一段作者再给出自己的意见和结论。而最让考生头疼的一点，则是话题本身的无趣性。无论如何，考生在阅读中，需要做到主动去了解熟悉文章结构，通过多阅读掌握GRE文章的常见结构套路，而不是被动的等着看文章然后见招拆招。

GRE阅读高分注意事项：读完文章再看题

关于做阅读，一直以来有这么一种说法，那就是先读题目再看文章，看似能节省很多时间，其实却是最愚蠢不过的做法。带着一肚子问题看文章，先不谈能记住多少问题，首先脑子里就已经塞进了一堆东西，这种状态下的阅读只会降低效率，最后文章没看懂，题目全忘了，白费一番功夫。正确的做法是先读完全文。仔细看完整篇文章并在此基础上进行解题，而不要囫囵吞枣的快速看过，其实什么都没记住。

GRE阅读高分注意事项：自带问题看文章

上面说了不要先看题目，为什么这里又要说带着问题看文章呢?这里的问题，其实是指的一些常见的容易出题点，再看文章的过程中，主动去寻找这些常见问题点，适当做一些标记帮助定位，将有助于快速解题。下面是这些需要在阅读过程中寻找的问题点：

1. 文章讨论的是什么?

2. 就讨论的内容，作者给出了几个解释或理论，分别是什么?作者对于这些解释/理论的态度是什么?

3. 为什么作者觉得自己提出的理论最好?

4. 文章的主题是什么?

GRE阅读低分禁忌：过度关注细节

很多GRE阅读文章，都会包含大量的各种细节，有数据、有描述、有具体说明等。对于这些细节，在不影响阅读的情况下，建议大家不要过度深入，看过即可。很多细节其实都是无关紧要的干扰内容，完全不会出现在之后的题目中，考生要做到的是把握整体。不少同学会因为纠结于细节而反反复复的阅读同一段内容，浪费大量时间，殊为不智。

GRE阅读低分禁忌：冷门内容缺乏兴趣

GRE文章的内容，对于考生来说，有时候的确会显得颇为无趣，尤其是一些比较冷门的科技内容，平时即使放在眼前估计也不会去看。带着消极、不想看的态度去解题，当然不会有太好的结果。所以，建议大家在阅读时，尽量把文章内容都想象成自己最想看，最感兴趣的内容，哪怕是自欺欺人，也尽可能的把这些文章当成自己喜欢看的内容，用积极的态度去看文章。

GRE阅读低分禁忌：没有主见被选项误导

看完文章，看题目，然后看选项，应该是很多人做题的方法。但GRE阅读的出题者，在这里又为考生设置了陷阱。一道题五个选项，除了正确选项外，其他选项往往都写得似是而非，迷惑性极高，如果考生想要靠脑海中对文章的记忆来一一排除这些选项，往往会反受其扰，混淆了自己原本还算清晰的思路。最好的做法是看完题目后，先不急着看选项，而是根据自己之前对文章的理解，回到文章中找到相关的内容，并总结出自己对于问题的答案，然后带着这个答案，再到选项中去寻找比较匹配的结果。这么做，就能较好的避免被错误选项干扰。

GRE阅读想要拿到高分虽然难度不低，短期内提升也比较困难，但只要考生能够掌握好上述高分注意事项并避开低分禁忌，相信还是能在阅读中有所进步的。

GRE考试阅读理解模拟题及答案解析

Currently, the paramount problem in the field of biomaterials, the science of replacing diseased tissue with human-made implants, is control over the interface, or surface, between implanted biomaterials and living tissues.

The physical properties of most tissues can be matched by careful selection of raw materials: metals, ceramics, or several varieties of polymer materials.

Even the requirement that biomaterials processed from these materials be nontoxic to host tissue can be met by techniques derived from studying the reactions of tissue cultures to biomaterials or from short-term implants.

But achieving necessary matches in physical properties across interfaces between living and non-living matter requires knowledge of which molecules control the bonding of cells to each other — an area that we have not yet explored thoroughly.

Although recent research has allowed us to stabilize the tissue-biomaterial interface by controlling either the chemical reactions or the microstructure of the biomaterials, our fundamental understanding of how implant devices adhere to tissues remains woefully incomplete. (159 words)

1. According to the passage, the major problem currently facing scientists in the field of biomaterials is

(A) assessing and regulating the bonding between host tissue and implants

(B) controlling the transfer of potentially toxic materials across the interface of tissue and implant

(D) deciding in what situations implants are needed

(E) determining the importance of short-term implants to long-term stability of tissue implant interfaces

2. The passage suggests which of the following about the recent research mentioned in the last sentence ?

(A) It has solved one set of problems but has created another.

(B) It has concentrated on secondary concerns but has ignored primary concerns.

(C) It has improved practical applications of biomaterial technology without providing a complete theoretical explanation of that improvement.

(D) It has thoroughly investigated properties of biomaterials but has paid little attention to relevant characteristics of human tissue.

(E) It has provided considerable information on short-term implant technology but little on long-term implant technology.

Islamic law is a particularly instructive example of “sacred law.”

Islamic law is a phenomenon so different from all other forms of law — notwithstanding, of course, a considerable and inevitable number of coincidences with one or the other of them as far as subject matter and positive enactment are concerned — that its study is indispensable in order to appreciate adequately the full range of possible legal phenomena.

Even the two other representatives of sacred law that are historically and geographically nearest to it, Jewish law and Roman Catholic canon law, are perceptibly different.

Both Jewish law and canon law are more uniform than Islamic law.

Though historically there is a discernible break between Jewish law of the sovereign state of ancient Israel and of the Diaspora ( the dispersion of Jewish people after the conquest of Israel ) , the spirit of the legal matter in later parts of the Old Testament is very close to that of the Talmud, one of the primary codifications of Jewish law in the Diaspora.

Islam, on the other hand, represented a radical breakaway from the Arab paganism that preceded it; Islamic law is the result of an examination, from a religious angle, of legal subject matter that was far from uniform, comprising as it did the various components of the laws of pre-Islamic Arabia and numerous legal elements taken over from the non-Arab peoples of the conquered territories.

All this was unified by being subjected to the same kind of religious scrutiny, the impact of which varied greatly, being almost nonexistent in some fields, and in others originating novel institutions.

This central duality of legal subject matter and religious norm is additional to the variety of legal, ethical, and ritual rules that is typical of sacred law.

In its relation to the secular state, Islamic law differed from both Jewish and canon law.

Jewish law was buttressed by the cohesion of the community, reinforced by pressure from outside; its rules are the direct expression of this feeling of cohesion, tending toward the accommodation of dissent.

Canon and Islamic law, on the contrary, were dominated by the dualism of religion and state, where the state was not, in contrast with Judaism, an alien power but the political expression of the same religion.

But the conflict between state and religion took different forms; in Christianity it appeared as the struggle for political power on the part of a tightly organized ecclesiastical hierarchy, and canon law was one of its political weapons.

Islamic law, on the other hand, was never supported by an organized institution; consequently, there never developed an overt trial of strength.

There merely existed discordance between application of the sacred law and many of the regulations framed by Islamic states; this antagonism varied according to place and time.

For the following question, consider each of the choices separately and select all that apply

3. The passage provides information to answer which of the following questions EXCEPT?

□A Does Islamic law depend on sources other than Arab legal principles?

□B What secular practices of Islamic states conflicted with Islamic law?

□C Is Jewish law more uniform than canon law?

4. It can be inferred from the passage that the application of Islamic law in Islamic states has

(A) systematically been opposed by groups who believe it is contrary to their interests

(B) suffered irreparably from the lack of firm institutional backing

(D) remained unaffected by the political forces operating alongside it

(E) benefited from the fact that it never experienced a direct confrontation with the state

5. Which of the following most accurately describes the organization of the passage?

(A) A universal principle is advanced and then discussed in relation to a particular historical phenomenon.

(B) A methodological innovation is suggested and then examples of its efficacy are provided.

(D) A general opinion is expressed and then supportive illustrations are advanced.

(E) A controversial viewpoint is presented and then both supportive evidence and contradictory evidence are cited.

6. The passage suggests that canon law differs from Islamic law in that only canon law

(A) contains prescriptions that nonsacred legal systems might regard as properly legal

(B) concerns itself with the duties of a person in regard to the community as a whole

(D) developed in a political environment that did not challenge its fundamental existence

(E) played a role in the direct confrontation between institutions vying for power

生物材料领域，也就是研究用人造植入物取代病变组织的科学，当下该领域遇到的最大问题，是(无法)控制植入材料和活体组织的结合部或表面。

The physical properties of most tissues can be matched by careful selection of raw materials: metals, ceramics, or several varieties of polymer materials.

多数组织的物理特性可以通过仔细选择原料来匹配，比如金属，陶瓷，或多种聚合材料。

甚至由这些材料生产的植入物对植入组织无毒的要求，都可以通过对组织培养反应的研究和短期植入来达成。

但想要必然达到活体组织与植入物结合部物理上的必然匹配，需要掌握控制细胞间连结分子的知识，这是个目前我们尚未完全探索的领域。

尽管最近的研究可以让我们通过控制化学反应或植入物的微观结构使组织与植入物的结合部趋于稳定，但可惜我们还是未能完全解释植入物如何才能与活体结合。

1. According to the passage, the major problem currently facing scientists in the field of biomaterials is

(A) assessing and regulating the bonding between host tissue and implants

(B) controlling the transfer of potentially toxic materials across the interface of tissue and implant

(D) deciding in what situations implants are needed

(E) determining the importance of short-term implants to long-term stability of tissue implant interfaces

选A

A (问题是无法)评估和调节活体组织和植入物之间的连接。

句 1 ，control 即对应 regulate ;assess 评估，要评估二者的连接，首先要观察到连接，现在观察不到连接，也就无法评估。

2. The passage suggests which of the following about the recent research mentioned in the last sentence ?

(A) It has solved one set of problems but has created another.

(B) It has concentrated on secondary concerns but has ignored primary concerns.

(C) It has improved practical applications of biomaterial technology without providing a complete theoretical explanation of that improvement.

(D) It has thoroughly investigated properties of biomaterials but has paid little attention to relevant characteristics of human tissue.

(E) It has provided considerable information on short-term implant technology but little on long-term implant technology.

选C

句 4、5 。

Islamic law is a particularly instructive example of “sacred law.”

伊斯兰教法是 “宗教法” 的一个特别典型的例子。

(

instructive 启蒙的，提供丰富知识的，有意义的，句子说伊斯兰教法作为例子用来解释“宗教法”特别地 instructive ，意译成典型的，有说服力的。

)

当然，尽管伊斯兰教法和其他形式的法律在主题与明确立法方面难免存在大量巧合，但它仍然与其他法律有着如此明显的区别，所以为了充分理解各种可能的法律现象，研究伊斯兰教法是绝对必要的。

Even the two other representatives of sacred law that are historically and geographically nearest to it, Jewish law and Roman Catholic canon law, are perceptibly different.

即使另外两种典型的宗教法，J 犹太教法和 C 罗马天主教法，在时间与空间上都和伊斯兰教法最为接近，伊斯兰教法与它们仍有明显区别。

Both Jewish law and canon law are more uniform than Islamic law.

相较于伊斯兰教法，J 法和 C 法更统一。

尽管历史上古以色列的 J 法与 D 大流散时期(犹太王国公元前六世纪被巴比伦人攻陷后被俘往巴比伦或被驱逐流散世界各地，公元前538年起至今，都被称为大流散时期)的 J 法有明显的断裂，但旧约晚期部分的法律事务的精髓与犹太教法典 T 非常接近，T 是 D 时期 J 法最主要的一部法典。

另一方面，伊斯兰教则从根本上脱离了早于它产生的阿拉伯异教信仰体系;伊斯兰教法产生于一系列综合考察，从宗教角度看，这些考察涉及的法律主题千差万别，既包括了伊斯兰教以前的阿拉伯法律元素，也包括大量从他们占领的非阿拉伯人聚居地区借鉴的法律元素。

(

异教徒 [pagan]

__、犹太教及伊斯兰教以外的宗教信奉者。早期基督徒常用这个名称指崇拜多神的非基督徒。__传教士常企图通过在异教徒的圣地搭建教堂，或将__节日与异教徒的仪式联系起来(如将圣诞节和冬至庆典结合)，来消除异教徒的宗教活动。异教徒一词亦用以指称非__哲学家。

(大英袖珍百科)

这个词起源上是相当文化本位主义的，不信上帝系列宗教的都不是正统，实在很傲慢。只是为了行文方便，才沿用了异教的说法。

在我看来所有教都只是教，没啥异不异的，要异大家都异好了。

)

所有这些都被统合于皈依同一种信仰监督之下，其影响差异很大，有些领域感受不到，在其他一些领域则催生了新制度。

This central duality of legal subject matter and religious norm is additional to the variety of legal, ethical, and ritual rules that is typical of sacred law.

既是法律主题，又是宗教规范的核心两重性，再加上典型宗教法所特有的各种法律，伦理，宗教仪式规矩。

In its relation to the secular state, Islamic law differed from both Jewish and canon law.

伊斯兰教法与世俗国家的关系，跟 J 法和 C 法情况都不同。

J 法的基础是被外界势力压迫的民众的凝聚，它的发条都直接表达这种凝聚的感觉，倾向于调和不同意见。

C 法和伊斯兰教法则与 J 法相反，是被宗教与国家两重性概念主导的，这种语境下，对比犹太教的情况，国家不是与犹太教对立的外来势力，而是本土宗教的政治表达。

但国家与宗教的冲突形式各异：在__，冲突表现为要与一个组织严密的教士统治集团争取政治权利，而 C 法就是一种政治武器。

Islamic law, on the other hand, was never supported by an organized institution; consequently, there never developed an overt trial of strength.

另一方面，伊斯兰教法则从未获得任何有组织的支持;因此，从没有发展出公开斗争的力量。

There merely existed discordance between application of the sacred law and many of the regulations framed by Islamic states; this antagonism varied according to place and time.

只是宗教法的实施和伊斯兰教国家制定的许多规定存在不和;这种对抗因时因地而异。

For the following question, consider each of the choices separately and select all that apply

3. The passage provides information to answer which of the following questionsEXCEPT?

□A Does Islamic law depend on sources other than Arab legal principles?

□B What secular practices of Islamic states conflicted with Islamic law?

□C Is Jewish law more uniform than canon law?

选BC

注意题干，选 EXCEPT 项

A 句 6 显示，伊斯兰教法确实引入了一些非阿拉伯原则。

B 句 14 显示，伊斯兰国家在执政中确实与伊斯兰教法存在某些不和，但具体是什么，文中没有介绍，所以选 B 。

C 句 4 显示，J 和 C 更 uniform ，但无法比较二者的关系，所以选 C 。

4. It can be inferred from the passage that the application of Islamic law in Islamic states has

(A) systematically been opposed by groups who believe it is contrary to their interests

(B) suffered irreparably from the lack of firm institutional backing

(D) remained unaffected by the political forces operating alongside it

(E) benefited from the fact that it never experienced a direct confrontation with the state

选C

见句 14 。

5. Which of the following most accurately describes the organization of the passage?

(A) A universal principle is advanced and then discussed in relation to a particular historical phenomenon.

(B) A methodological innovation is suggested and then examples of its efficacy are provided.

(D) A general opinion is expressed and then supportive illustrations are advanced.

(E) A controversial viewpoint is presented and then both supportive evidence and contradictory evidence are cited.

选D

所谓的 general oponion 就是句 1 ，Islamic law is a particularly instructive example of “sacred law.”

后面的内容，都是从各方面比较，来证明这个观点。

6. The passage suggests that canon law differs from Islamic law in that only canon law

(A) contains prescriptions that nonsacred legal systems might regard as properly legal

(B) concerns itself with the duties of a person in regard to the community as a whole

(D) developed in a political environment that did not challenge its fundamental existence

(E) played a role in the direct confrontation between institutions vying for power

选E

考研政治如何拿高分篇5

考研政治看似简单，但得高分并不简单。考研政治得高分，关键在于将政治理论知识转化为实际的做题能力。而做题能力的获得又分两种：一种是做客观题的能力;一种是做主管分析题的能力，如果方法找对了可以达到事半功倍的效果。

理解为主，背记为辅。

许多考生都认为政治背背就可以或在考前突击一下就行了。抱这种态度想考研的同学，请尽早打消这一错误念头。政治是需要背诵，但是，是有方法可究的。政治考试是考查同学们在所学理论知识的基础上，与实践相结合的能力，还有利用所学基础理论来判断试题的能力。好多考生只是背诵，但忽略了理解，感觉自己什么都背会了，但是成绩出来后，全哭了。

目前题库类的资料大多已经上市，有些朋友已经开始几百上千的做题了。我个人认为，目前做题不宜太多，关键还是吃透书本，吃透历年真题，再辅以新的题库做练手。现在这个阶段做题时不要过分在意正误，而是在于题所反应的知识点，做对了，不见得你掌握了某个知识点，做错了，要详细分析错在哪里。总之，现阶段最好还是以真题为主，力求精透，不要急着做完多少道题。

考试大纲在“评价目标”中明确规定：“政治理论考试在考查基本知识、基本理论的基础上，注重考查考生运用马克思主义的基本立场、观点和方法来观察和解决实际问题的能力。”这是考试的要求，也是我们复习时应特别注意的一个重要方面，尤其是哲学，要把抽象的理论化作实际工作中的方法论，把理论和实践结合起来，这是马克思主义哲学的特点。背的再多、做的再多，不总结不分析都是徒劳，所以考研政治死记硬背、盲目做题是不够的，要尽量多思考，多分析。

构建知识框架，灵活运用基础知识。

考生的一个必修课之一就是在复习过程中搭建自己的知识框架，比如一提到辩证法就会联想到包括联系、发展的`总特征;对立统一、否定之否定、质量互变规律等三大规律。当考生拿到试题后能够还原到自己构建的知识框架中，考研的基本分数就已拿到，所以，做题也好，关注时政热点也罢，最终落脚点是用自己已形成的知识框架去说明实际问题。

多做练习，训练思维。

有的同学平时这方面做的不够，所以选择题失分很严重!希望大家吸取教训。“前事不忘，后世之师”!其实仔细研究历年政治真题，会发现很多选择题可以触类旁通，多做练习可以发现自己思维的错误，开阔视野，增长见识。古人云“凡观千剑而后识器，操千曲而后晓声”。这是千真万确的，大家千万不要以为知识点都掌握透了，就可以不做习题和做练习，可以拿做练习的时间去训练英语了。结果在考场上吃了很多亏，而且是大亏!其实这种观念是错误的，尤其是多项选择题，平时做多了习题，可以训练自己的“题感”!

高考英语作文如何拿高分篇6

各个档次的给分范围及标准(满分25分)

A.第五档(很好)：(21-25分)1.完全完成了试题规定的任务。2.覆盖所有内容要点。3.应用了较多的语法结构和词汇。4.语法结构或词汇方面有些许错误，但为尽力使用较复杂结构或较高级词汇所致;具备较强的语言运用能力。5.有效地使用了语句间的连接成分，使全文结构紧凑。6.完全达到了预期的写作目的。

B.第四档(好)：(16-20分)1.完全完成了试题规定的任务。2.虽漏掉1、2个次重点，但覆盖所有主要内容。3.应用的语法结构和词汇能满足任务的要求。4.语法结构或词汇方面应用基本准确，些许错误主要是因尝试较复杂语法结构或词汇所致。5.应用简单的语句间的连接成分，使全文结构紧凑。6.达到了预期的写作目的。

C.第三档(适当)：(11-15分)1.基本完成了试题规定的任务。2.虽漏掉一些内容，但覆盖所有主要内容。3.应用的语法结构和词汇能满足任务的要求。4.有一些语法结构或词汇方面的错误，但不影响理解。5.应用简单的语句间的连接成分，使全文内容连贯。6.整体而言，基本达到了预期的写作目的。

D.第二档(较差)：(6-10分)1.未恰当完成试题规定的任务。2.漏掉或未描述清楚一些主要内容，写了一些无关内容。3.语法结构单调、词汇项目有限。4.有一些语法结构或词汇方面的错误，影响了对写作内容的理解。5.较少使用语句间的连接成分，内容缺少连贯性。6.信息未能清楚地传达给读者。

E.第一档(差)：(1-5分)1.未完成试题规定的任务。2.明显遗漏主要内容，写了一些无关内容，原因可能是未理解试题要求。3.语法结构单调、词汇项目有限。4.较多语法结构或词汇方面的错误，影响对写作内容的理解。5.缺乏语句间的连接成分，内容不连贯。6.信息未能传达给读者。

F.不得分：(0分)未能传达给读者任何信息：内容太少，无法评判;写的内容均与所要求内容无关或所写内容无法看清。

从上面可以看出英语作文高分的关键因素及高分秘诀：

三点关键定档因素(不跑题是前提)

词汇多样性

语法复杂性

文章连贯性

书面表达的五项秘诀：

审题，遣词，造句，润色，谋篇

既然知道了这些关键因素和高分秘诀，我们要如何从这些方面入手呢?

审题的概念

拿到试卷后，首先浏览书面表达的题目，研究题目要求。正确的审题内容包括A、审标题B、审体裁C、审要点。审标题：看文章是否要求有题目(title)或者主题(topic)能够确保你不跑题;审体裁：确能够定文章的文体，为你写作提供方向。审要点：如果英语作文中，有要求要点的，一般打分时是踩点给分的，准确把握住要点，是高分的一个诀窍。

如何审要点?要做到以下两个方面：

总结归纳要点：不是所有内容都要写出来，而是抓住其中的关键要点、衔接要点!

理顺要点：将提炼的要点按逻辑关系(如时间关系、因果关系、转折关系等)重新安排，这样整篇文章看起来就整体有序，流畅自然，更加容易打动评分老师，从而作文分数提升一档。

构思文章提纲：根据题目的要点，安排好段落和主次关系。要形成良好的分段意识，写作分段是必须要进行的(2至4段为佳)，这样显得文章不会拥挤并且层次分明。在行文意识上，要注意突出要点。

遣词的注意点

不出现语言错误

词语和短语搭配

适度使用加分词汇

避免词语重复

注意词语和短语搭配使用

可以适度的使用加分词句：高级词、同义词、短语等替代

造句的原则