小学英语情态动词的用法

小学英语情态动词的用法（精选7篇）

小学英语情态动词的用法 篇1

一情态动词的基本用法

第一, 表示征求对方意见或许可的情态动词有must, can, could, may, might, shall等, 如:

——Must I hand in my homework today?——Yes, you must.Yes, you have to.

——No, you needn’t.No, you don’t have to (用mustn’t是讲不通的)

Can I come in and have a good look at your house with my girlfriend now? (比较口语化)

——Could I use your mobile phone as mine is power off? (语气委婉)

——Yes, you can. (回答不能用could)

MayMight I use your bicycle? (比较正式, 用might语气更委婉)

Shall I open the window to let in some fresh air? (shall此用法只用于第一和第三人称)

Shall he come to sit in this seat and listen to your speech? (同上)

第二, 表示邀请或请求的情态动词有can, will, would, could, 一般用于第二人称;用would和could时表示语气更加委婉, 如:

CanCould you lend me some money to buy some books and dictionaries?

WillWould you please tell us a story or joke for pleasure?

第三, 表示允许或许可的情态动词有can, may, 如:

You can sit here and do your homework because the seat is not occupied.

You may go to bed and get up as late as you like;nobody cares about that.

第四, 表示禁止的情态动词有can’t, mustn’t, shan’t等否定形式, shan’t多表按照某规定“不能”如:

They can’t wear whatever they like when they are at school.

Anybody mustn’t take books out of the library without permission.

You shan’t hand in your papers ahead of time in the examinations according to the regulations.

第五, 表示建议或劝告的情态动词有ought to, should, had better, need等, 如:

Parents ought to take care of their children when they are young and children ought to look after their parents when they are old. (ought to表示义务, 为别人做某事)

You should do a lot of exercise regularly to improve your health. (should表建议, 多指为自己做某事)

You had better put more clothes in case it is cold on the mountain, boy! (多用于上级对下级, 长辈对晚辈之间)

In order to learn English well, you need practice speaking English more often besides reading. (比较口语化)

第六, 表示能力的情态动词有can, could, be able to等。can表示现在的“能力”, could表示过去的“能力”, be able to用来填充can, could没有的时态, 但waswere able to除了表示过去的能力以外还表示“过去设法做成功某事”, 等于managed to do something或succeeded in doing something, 此用法不能被could代替, 如:

When I was in China I couldn’t speak English, but now in USA I can speak it fluently.

I am sure that this promising young man will be able to support his family in the future.

They charged 20 thousand dollars for the car but I was able to bring the price down. (managed tosucceeded in…)

第七, 表示推测的情态动词有may, might, must, can, could, should, ought to等。must表推测语气最强, 但只用于肯定式, 否定式中用can’t或couldn’t代替;mustmaymightcan’tcouldcouldn’t+have done表示对过去发生事情的推测;should, ought to表示“按理说应该”, 如:

It may be the headmaster’s office.I am not sure. (把握性不大)

He was careless.He might have won the first place otherwise. (过去的可能性很小)

——Who can it be? (can代替must)

——It must be our manager.

——No, it can’t he him.He is in Japan at the moment. (must不能用于否定句, 由can’t代替)

——Was it in the street that he played football yesterday?

——It could be in the street, but I am not sure. (可能性不大)

There were five men in your car during the long journey.It must have been uncomfortable. (=It couldn’t have been comfortable.可能性很大)

He was with me in the class at that time yesterday.He couldn’t have played basketball on the playground yesterday. (动词是过去式时用couldn’t have done, 不用can’t have done)

He should be over fifteen years old, because he is a student in the 11th grade.

She ought to turn up at any moment, for she is always on time for work.

第八, 表示轻微埋怨、责备或后悔的情态动词有shouldought toneedn’tcouldmight+have done, 如:

The movie star has died.You shouldought to have come here earlier. (过去该做而没做)

She is unhappy now.I shouldn’toughtn’t to have told her the bad news. (过去不该做而做了)

I needn’t have carried so much cash.All my bank cards could be available actually. (做了没必要做的事)

You could have married me at that time.I loved and love you but he doesn’t. (过去本可以做但没做)

She was out of mind.She might have passed the exam otherwise. (过去也许会但没有)

第九, 表示警告、允诺、命令或威胁的情态动词是shall, 常用于第二、三人称, 如:

You shall take the book to read as long as I finish it before Friday.

All the candidates shall remain at their seats until the bell rings announcing the end of the exam.

第十, 表示偏执的情态动词是must, 如:

If you must want to know my age, which is a privacy, let me tell you unwillingly.

Must you smoke at a no-smoking area?You will be punished seriously.

第十一, 表示怀疑的情态动词有should (竟然) , dare, can’t, 如:

Such a high official should be so rude to that little girl.What a shame!

How dare you say that I treated you unfairly?Actually I did it right.

Why can’t you know my telephone number and email address?We are good friends.

第十二, 表示习惯性的情态动词有will, would, will表示现在反复, would表示过去反复, 如:

After work he will go to the caféto have a cup of coffee every day.

Whenever and wherever he met him, he would stop the soldier and ask the same questions again and again in the army.

二情态动词用法区别

第一, must&have to。must表示主观上“必须”, have to表示客观逼迫“不得不”, 如:

We must study English very hard, which I like very much.

I have to study English very hard, because I have to pass the exam in the NMET.

第二, would, used to, be used to doing&be used to do sth。would表示过去反复的动作, 而uesd to则侧重“过去如此, 现在已经不是那样了”以及“过去存在的状态”;be used to doing是表示“习惯于做某事”, 其中be有时态和人称的变化, 后跟动名词;be used to do something表示“某东西被用来做某事”, 如:

When he was in that factory, he would go to that coffee shop at the corner after work every day.

He used to smoke and drink a lot, but now he doesn’t.

There used to be a big temple where there is a school now. (过去的状态)

He has been used to working in such bad conditions.

Wood can be used to make desks and chairs as well houses.

第三, didn’t need to do&needn’t have done。didn’t need to do表示“过去没必要做也没做”, 而needn’t have done表示“过去没必要做但已经做了”, 如:

It was raining yesterday.I didn’t need to work in the fields, so I stayed at home. (没去工作)

It was Sunday yesterday.I needn’t have gone to school.But I forgot it and went as usual. (去学校了)

第四, need&dare。这两个词既可用作情态动词, 也可用作实义动词, 一般来说, 情态动词多用于否定和疑问句;实义动词用于各种句式, 后跟动词不定式, I dare say是固定短语, 意为“我认为、我相信”, 如:

——Need I finish my report by six o’clock today? (情态动词)

——Yes, you mustyou have to.

——No, you needn’tyou don’t have to.

As a Chinese high school student, I need to work at least 10 hours a day. (实义动词)

My car needs repairingto be repaired thoroughly. (实义动词, 后跟动名词主动表被动)

Tom daren’t go out alone when it is dark at night. (情态动词)

Dare you go home to face your parents when you haven’t done well in the exams? (情态动词)

I don’t dare to feel the snake even if it is dead. (实义动词)

第五, can’t have done&couldn’t have donecould have done。can’t have done和couldn’t have done均可表示must的否定推测, 强调从现在角度出发推测过去某事“不可能”;但当主句的谓语动词是过去式时, 就必须用couldn’t have done;could have done表示“过去有能力或有可能做某事但没有做”, 有惋惜、遗憾、批评、责备等意思, 如:

His jacket is still here, so he can’t (couldn’t) have gone home. (must的否定式)

My sister met him at the Grand Theatre yesterday, so he couldn’t have attended your lecture. (过去不可能)

You could have walked here instead of taking a taxi;it is so near.

第六, would like to do&would like to have done。would like to do表示现在或将来“想做某事”, 而would like to have done表示过去“想做某事但没做成”, 如:

I would like to go to the concert tonight, but my parents don’t allow me to.

I would like to have gone to the concert last night but I had to review lessons for the exams.

参考文献

[1]张道真.实用英语语法[M].北京:外语教学与研究出版社, 2002

情态动词的用法 篇2

can是最常用的情态动词之一，表示说话人的语气或情感，没有人称和数的变化，在句子中不能单独作谓语，只能和紧挨着它的动词原形一起构成复合谓语。基本意思是“能；会”。can的否定式为can not，缩写为can’t。过去式为could。 具体用法是：

1. 表示能力（如体力和脑力方面），意为“能；会”等。如：

①Can you speak English? 你会讲英语吗？

②Can you play the piano? 你会弹钢琴吗？

2. 表示请求或允许，多用在口语中，意为“可以；能”等。用于疑问句中用来提出要求，如：Can I…？“我可以……吗？”用来征求对方是否允许自己做某事，Can you…？“请你……好吗？”表示说话人的请求，如在句末加上please一词就显得更有礼貌了；用于否定句中表示不允许。如：

①Can I help you? 我能帮助你吗？

②Can you help me, please? 请你帮助我好吗？

③You can’t play basketball. 你不能玩篮球。

3. 表示可能。如：

①He can be at home now. 他现在可能在家。

②The moon can’t always be full. 月亮不可能常圆。

4. 表示怀疑。只能用于一般疑问句中，带有感情色彩。如：

Can it be true? 那会是真的吗？

5. 变否定句时，直接在后面加上“not”,可缩写成can’t或cannot, 但不能写成cann’t。 如：

①He can swim.→He can’t swim.

②Emma can see the pen on the desk.→Emma cannot see the pen on the desk.

6. 变一般疑问句时，将can直接移到主语前（原主语的首字母改成小写，第一人称应变为第二人称）即可。如：

I can see an orange on the table.→Can you see an orange on the table?

其回答可用Yes. OK或Certainly等作肯定回答；用No或Sorry等作否定回答。如：

——Can you look after my books, please? 你能照看一下我的书吗？

——OK. 可以。

用Certainly回答。此时语气更为肯定。如：

——Can I see your guitar? 我能看看你的吉他吗？

——Certainly. 当然可以。

情态动词have to

have to意为“必须，不得不”，表示外界的客观要求，含有迫不得已的意味。这是一个比较特殊的情态动词，与其它的情态动词can, may, must等用法基本相同。不同之处是有人称和数的变化，否定式和疑问式的构成方式。

have to与别的情态动词一样也是后接动词原形，这是情态动词的共同特点。一般的情态动词所用的时态受到一定的限制，而且没有人称和数的变化。 have to可用于多种时态，而且不同的时态有不同的形式：一般现在时中主语为第三人称单数时，要用has to；一般过去时中，要用had to；一般将来时中，要用will have to。如：

①I have to take Bill to hospital． 我必须带比尔去医院。

②Jill has to stay in the bed when she is sick．

当吉尔有病的时候，她不得不躺在床上。

③I had to sit down and rest every five minutes．

我不得不每五分钟坐下来休息一下。

④I’ll have to take you to see a doctor if you don’t feel well．

如果你觉得不舒服的话，我将不得不带你去看病。

have to的否定式一般要借助于助动词来构成。have to， has to，had to和will have to的否定式分别为don’t have to， doesn’t have to， didn’t have to和won’t have to。它的疑问式也要用助动词的相应形式构成。如：

①——Do you have to give up eating ice cream？

你必须放弃吃冰淇淋吗？

——No， I don’t have to， but I must eat less of it．

不，我不必，但是我必须少吃一点。

②What does she have to eat and drink？她必须吃什么，喝什么？

③We won’t have to worry about them． 我们不必为他们担心。

情态动词must

must是最常用的情态动词之一，虽有词义，但不完整，不能单独在句中作谓语，必须与动词一起构成谓语，没有人称和数的变化，而且只有一种形式，表示强烈的感情。其主要用法归纳如下：

1.表示主观看法。常译为“必须、应当”。如：

①The students must obey the school rules． 学生必须遵守校规。

②We must finish our homework every day.

我们每天都必须完成作业。

2.否定形式mustn’t表示“不应该”、“不可”、“不许”的意思，给人一种不能讲任何条件和借口的感觉。如：

①You mustn’t waste your time. 你不应该浪费时间。

②You mustn’t tell her about it. 你一定不要把这事告诉她。

3.否定回答用needn’t（不必），不用mustn’t。如：

——Must I hand in my exercise today? 我必须今天交练习吗？

——No, you needn’t. 不，不必。

4.表示说话人对事物的推断，只能用于肯定句，意为“一定；准是”，比may的语气肯定得多，否定句中多用can’t。如：

①Mr Smith must be a teacher． 史密斯先生肯定是教师。

②Mr Li Yang must be over forty years old.

李阳老师一定是四十多岁了。

情态动词have to和must在用法上的区别

have to强调客观需要做的事情，即表示由于外界条件的要求而不得不去做某事；而must则强调说话者主观上应该去做某事。如：

①Mother is ill． I have to look after her at home．

妈妈病了，我不得不在家照看她。

②All of us must work hard at English．

我们大家都必须努力学习英语。

have to的否定形式不能在have后加not，而应借助于助动词do来构成。同样，其疑问形式也不可将have移到主语前，而应借助于助动词do来帮助。而must则可变化自身构成疑问和否定。且以must开头的一般疑问句，其肯定回答应用Yes，…must．其否定回答应用No，…needn’t．而不可用No，…mustn’t．。如：

①They don’t have to clean the classroom now．

他们不必现在打扫教室。

②——Must we finish our homework now？

我们必须现在完成家庭作业吗？

——Yes， you must． （No， you needn’t．）

情态动词的用法 篇3

1. he play isn’t interesting, I really must go now.

2. I had to work when I was your age.

3) 表示推测、可能性(只用于肯定的陈述句)

1. You’re Tom’s good friend, so you must know what he likes best.

2. Your mother must be waiting for you now.

四、dare, need

1) dare作情态动词用时, 常用于疑问句、否定句和条件从句中, 过去式形式为dared。

1. How dare you say I’m unfair?

2. He daren’t speak English before such a crowd, dare he?

3. If we dared not go there that day， we couldn’t get the beautiful flowers.

2) need 作情态动词用时, 常用于疑问句、否定句。在肯定句中一般用must, have to, ought to, should代替。

1.You needn’t come so early.

2. ---- Need I finish the work today?

---- Yes, you must. / No, you needn’t.

3) dare和 need作实义动词用时， 有人称、时态和数的变化。在肯定句中，dare后面常接带to的不定式。在疑问句和否定句中，dare后面可接带to或不带to的不定式。而need后面只能接带to的不定式。

1. I dare to swim across this river.

2. He doesn’t dare (to) answer.

3. He needs to finish his homework today.

五、shall, should

1) shall 用于第一人称，征求对方的意见。

What shall we do this evening?

2) shall 用于第二、三人称，表示说话人给对方的命令、警告、允诺或威胁。

1. You shall fail if you don’t work hard.(警告)

2. He shall have the book when I finish it.(允诺)

3. He shall be punished.(威胁)

六、will, would

1) 表示请求、建议等，would更委婉。

Will / Would you pass me the ball, please?

2) 表示意志、愿望和决心。

1. I will never do that again.

2. They asked him if he would go abroad.

3) would表示过去反复发生的动作或某种倾向。would表示过去习惯时比used to正式，且没有“现已无此习惯”的含义。

1. During the vacation, he would visit me every other day.

2. The wound would not heal.

4) 表示估计和猜想。

It would be about ten o’clock when she left home.

七、should, ought to

1) should, ought to表示“应该”，ought to表示义务或责任，比should语气重。

1. I should help her because she is in trouble.

2. You ought to take care of the baby.

2) 表示劝告、建议和命令。should, ought to可通用，但在疑问句中常用should。

1. You should / ought to go to class right away.

2. Should I open the window?

3) 表示推测

should , ought to (客观推测), must(主观推测)。

1.He must be home by now. (断定他已到家)

2.He ought to/should be home by now.(不太肯定)

3. This is where the oil must be.(直爽)

4. This is where the oil ought to/should be.(含蓄)

八、情态动词+不定式完成式(have done)

1) can / could + have done在肯定句中表示“本来可以做而实际上能做某事”，是虚拟语气;在疑问句或否定句中表示对过去行为的怀疑或不肯定, 表示推测。

1. You could have done better, but you didn’t try your best. (虚拟语气)

2. He can’t have been to that town.(推测)

3. Can he have got the book?(推测)

2) may / might +不定式完成式(have done)

表示对过去行为的推测。不能用于疑问句中，没有虚拟语气的用法。Might所表示的可能性比may小。

1. He may not have finished the work .

2. If we had taken the other road, we might have arrived earlier.

3)must +不定式完成式(have done)

用于肯定句中，表示对过去行为的推测。意为“一定、想必”。其疑问、否定形式用can，can’t代替。参看1) can / could + have done表示推测。

1. You must have seen the film Titanic.

2. He must have been to Shanghai.

4)should +不定式完成式(have done)

用于肯定句中，表示对过去行为的推测。

He should have finished the work by now。

表示“本应该做而实际上没有做某事”，其否定式表示某种行为本不该发生却发生了。可以与ought to +不定式完成式(have done)互换。

1. You ought to / should have helped him. (but you didn’t.)

2. She shouldn’t have taken away my measuring tape, for I wanted to use it.

5) needn’t +不定式完成式(have done)

表示“本来不必做而实际上做了某事”。

You needn’t have watered the flowers, for it is going to rain.

6) will +不定式完成式(have done)

主要用于第二、三人称，表示对已完成的动作或事态的推测。

备战高考情态动词用法练与析 篇4

1. - Has Li Lin started? He said he would join in the party.

- He ______. He is a man of keeping his word.

A. could have left B. must have left

C. can’t come D. won’t be coming

2. - May I park my car here?

- No, you ______. No car is allowed to park here.

A. may not B. needn’t C. mustn’t D. daren’t

3. - Excuse me, could you tell me where the Yajia Supermarket is?

- It’s two blocks straight ahead. You ______ miss it.

A. mustn’t B. can’t C. needn’t D. shouldn’t

4. - I saw Mr. Sun at Tongyu Station this morning.

- You ______. He’s still on holiday in Hawaii.

A. couldn’t have B. mustn’t have

C. shouldn’t D. needn’t

5. - How about paying a visit to Dr. Wang, our former Chinese teacher?

- Good idea. I will e-mail him today so that he ______ know ______ to expect us.

A. shall; why B. could; when C. would; what D. will; how

6. Everything has two sides. Beautiful songs, sometimes, ______ be just noise to others.

A. must B. may C. should D. could

7. Someone ______ my umbrella. I found it wet yesterday.

A. must be using B. must have used

C. must use D. must have been using

8. - How dangerous it was!

- Yes, but for the passer-by’s quick action, the girl ______.

A. was drowned B. could have been drowned

C. had drowned D. should be drowned

9. You ______ scold such a pupil who always keeps silent so seriously that you ______ hurt him.

A. should; can B. may; will

C. mustn’t; may D. can’t; must

10. - Why does Alice know so much about Angkor Wat?

- She ______ have been there, or ...

A. must B. oughtn’t to C. may D. can’t

11. - You may laugh, but I’ve been thinking of becoming a vegetarian.

- Oh, you ______ be crazy. You will be hungry all the time.

A. must B. may C. will D. need

12. - What’s the matter with you?

- Oh, I’m not feeling well in the stomach. I ______ so much fried fish just now.

A. shouldn’t eat B. mustn’t have eaten

C. shouldn’t have eaten D. mustn’t eat

13. - ______ he have been chosen as captain of the football team?

- Yes, he ______.

A. Can; must have B. Must; must have

C. Can; must D. Must; must

14. Mr. Zhang ______ in Shanghai tomorrow morning.

A. can have arrived B. will have arrived

C. may have arrived D. must have arrived

15. Miss Wang started at 8 o’clock, and she ______ be there now.

A. should B. can C. can’t D. need

16. - It must be Mr. Li who did it.

- No, it ______ be Mr. Li.

A. mustn’t B. wouldn’t C. can’t D. may

17. You ______ finish reading the book as soon as possible.

A. may B. can C. need D. should

18. - Need you go to work now?

- Yes, I ______.

A. must B. need C. can D. dare

19. Your trousers are dirty. ______ them for you?

A. Shall I wash B. Will I wash

C. Am I going to wash D. Am I washing

20. You are late for school today. You ______ to school earlier.

A. ought to come B. should have come

C. ought have come D. should come

21. We must learn from Lei Feng, ______ we?

A. may B. can’t C. don’t D. needn’t

22. She must be hungry, ______ she?

A. isn’t B. needn’t C. doesn’t D won’t

23. He ought to come here early, ______ he?

A. would B. should C. didn’t D. shouldn’t

24. You used to smoke, ______ you?

A. used to B. don’t C. didn’t D. shouldn’t

25. You ought ______ for what you haven’t done.

A. not to be punished B. not be punished

C. to not punished D. to not be punished

26. ______ you please tell me the way to the post office?

A. Must B. Need C. Would D. Should

27. I’m sure he ______ have the computer sooner or later.

A. shall B. can C. must D. would

28. It is important that we ______ learn how to drive.

A. have to B. should C. need D. shall

答案及解析：

1. B。从He is a man of keeping his word中可以看出，李林肯定已经出发来参加聚会了，这是对已经发生的事情非常肯定的推测，故用must have done。注意must表推测时，不能用于否定句和疑问句中。

2. C。此题考查以情态动词提问的一般疑问句的回答。在英语中，以某些情态动词提问的句子，出于礼貌委婉或句意的需要，回答时，要换用另一个情态动词。在回答must开头的一般疑问句时，肯定回答用must，否定回答用needn’t或don’t have to;在回答may开头的一般疑问句时，肯定回答用may，否定回答用mustn’t;在回答need开头的一般疑问句时，肯定回答用must，否定回答用needn’t。

3. B。根据题意，此处需要表示“推测”的否定结构，故can’t为正确答案。

4. A。这是一个省略句，couldn’t have done表示对过去发生的动作的否定推测，意为“不可能……”。

5. B。这是一个综合题。本题so that后的目的状语从句中的谓语动词要用“情态动词( may / might / can / could ) + 动词原形”。When to expect us表示“我们什么时候可到达”。“疑问词+不定式”结构在句中作know的宾语。

6. B。由sometimes可知，此处应用表示可能性不大的情态动词，即may。

7. B。由后句可知，这是对过去发生的事情的肯定推测，故B项正确。

8. B。but for的意思是“要不是”，语法功能上等同于if 引导的否定虚拟条件句，因前句中How dangerous it was可知应与过去事实相反。

9. C。mustn’t表示“不准许”，may表示可能性，所以C正确。

10. C。句意：她或许到过那里，或者……。or ... 是重要的信息，说明还有其他的可能性。A的说法太绝对，与or ... 提供的信息冲突。

11. A。must表示的把握最大，may表示有可能，need不表示推测，will表示将来。根据句意可知A正确，表明对对方的不理解和责备，语气比较坚决。

12. C。shouldn’t have done 表示“本不该做……，但实际上却做了”。

13. A。疑问句中可以用can, 肯定句用must。

14. B。will + have done，表示对将来必然进程的猜测。

15. A。should 表示主观性猜测，译为“应该”。

16. C。can’t 表示否定的猜测，侧重于主观判断，译为“决不会;不可能”。

17. D。should表示劝告某人应该做某事。

18. A。need引导的一般疑问句，肯定回答应用must。

19. A。Shall I ... ?是征求对方意见时常用的句型。

20. B。should have done表示“过去某件事应该做而实际上没有做”，此处含有责备之意，也可用ought to have come。

21. D。反意疑问句中，当must作“必须”解时，可以用needn’t / mustn’t构成附加疑问句。

22. A。反意疑问句中，陈述部分的must表示对现在情况推测时，附加疑问句中通常依据must后面的动词形式确定助动词。

23. D。反意疑问句中，陈述部分的谓语有ought to 时，附加疑问句中应用shouldn’t 或oughtn’t。

24. C。反意疑问句中，陈述部分的谓语有used to 时，附加疑问句中应用didn’t 或usedn’t。

25. A。ought to 的否定式是ought not to。

26. C。Would you please ... ?是向对方提出请求或询问时常用的婉转而有礼貌的句型。

27. A。主语是第三人称时，shall表示说话人给对方的“允诺;命令;指示;意愿”。

高中英语情态动词语法题 篇5

第一组题

1.I was really anxious about you.You______ home without a word.A.mustn’t leaveB.shouldn’t have leftC.couldn’t have leftD.needn’t leave

2.----Is John coming by train?

----He should, but he ________ not.He likes driving his car.A.mustB.canC.needD.may

3.A left-luggage office is a place where bags _______ be left for a short time, especially at a railway station.A.shouldB.canC.mustD.will

4.----Isn’t that Ann’s husband over there?

----No, it _______ be him-----I’m sure he doesn’t wear glasses.A.can’tB.must notC.won’tD.may not

5.You ________ be tired-----you’ve only been working for an hour.A.must notB.won’tC can’tD.may not

6, I often see lights in that empty house.Do you think I _______ report it to the police?

A.shouldB.mayC.willD.can

7.Mr.White _________ at 8:30 for the meeting, but he didn’t show up.A.should have arrivedB.should arrive

C.should have had arrivedD.should be arriving

8.----Tom graduated from college at a very young age.----Oh, he ________ have been a very smart boy then.A.couldB.shouldC.mightD.must

9.----Who is the girl standing over there?

----Well, if you ________ know, her name is Mabel.A.mayB.canC.mustD.shall

10.Children under 12 years of age in that country ________ be under adult supervision when in a public library.A mustB.mayC.canD.need

11.“The interest ________ be divided into five parts, according to the agreement made by both sides,” declared the judge.A.mayB.shouldC.mustD shall

12.----I don’t mind telling you what I know.----You _______.I’m not asking you for it.A.mustn’tB.may notC.can’tD needn’t

13.I _______ pay Tracy a visit, but I’m not sure whether I will have time this Sunday.A shouldB.mightC.wouldD.could

14.----I’ll tell Mary about her new job tomorrow.----You _________ her last week.A.ought to tellB.would have toldC.must tellD.should have told

15.----Excuse me.Is this the right way to the Summer Palace?

----Sorry, I am not sure.But it _______ be.A mightB.willC.mustD.can

16.----Excuse me, but I want to use your computer to type a report.----You _________ have my computer if you don’t take care of it.A shan’tB.might notC.needn’tD.shouldn’t

17.----Mum, I’ve been studying English since 8 o’clock._______ I go out and play with Tom for a while?

----No, I am afraid not.Besides, it’s raining outside now.A Can’tB.Wouldn’tC.May notD.Won’t

18.Tom, you _______ leave all your clothes on the floor like this!

A.wouldn’tB mustn’tC.needn’tD.may not

19.John, look at the time.________ you play the piano at such a late hour?

A MustB.CanC.MayD.Need

20.I ________ have been more than six years old when the accident happened.A.shouldn’tB couldn’tC.mustn’tD.needn’t

第二组题

1.He ________ have completed his work;otherwise, he wouldn’t be enjoying himself by the seaside.A.shouldB mustC.wouldn’tD.can’t

2.There _________ be any difficulty about passing the road test since you have practiced a lot in the driving school.A.mustn’tB.shan’tCshouldn’tD.needn’t

3.----I’ve taken someone else’s green sweater by mistake.----It ______ Harry’s.He always wears green.A could beB.will beC.mustn’t beD.has to be

4.He paid for a seat, when he _________ have entered free.A couldB.wouldC.mustD.need

5.----The woman biologist stayed in Africa studying wild animals for 13 years before she returned.----Oh, dear!She ________a lot of difficulties!

A.may go throughB.might go through

C.ought to have gone throughDmust have gone through

6.The World Wide Web is sometimes jokingly called the World Wide Wait because it _____ be very slow.A.shouldB.mustC.willD.can

7.----Catherine, I have cleaned the room for you.----Thanks.You ________ it.I could manage it myself.A.needn’t doBneedn’t have doneC.mustn’t doD.shouldn’t have done

8.This cake is very sweet.You ________ a lot of sugar in it.A.should putB.could have putC.might putD.must have put

9.----Tom is never late for work.Why is he absent today?

----Something _________ to him.A.must happenB.should have happened

C.could have happenedD must have happened

10.----Do you know where David is ? I couldn’t find him anywhere.----Well.He _______ have gone far----his coat’s still here.A.shouldn’tB.mustn’tC can’tD.wouldn’t

11.----Lucy doesn’t mind lending you her dictionary.----She _________.I’ve already borrowed one.A.can’tB.mustn’tC.needn’tD.shouldn’t

12.Helen ________ go on the trip with us, but she isn’t quite sure yet.A.shallB.mustC.mayD.can

13.There’s no light on----they ________ be at home.A can’tB.mustn’tC.needn’tD.shouldn’t

14.We hope that as many people as possible _________ join us for the picnic tomorrow.A.needB.mustC.shouldD.can

15.----What’s the name?

----Khulaifi.__________ I spell that for you?

AShallB.WouldC.CanD.Might

16.Black holes ________ not be seen directly, so determining the number of them is a tough task.A.canB.shouldC.mustD.need

17.We _________ have proved great adventurers, but we have done the greatest march ever made in the past ten years.A.needn’tB.may notC.shouldn’tD.mustn’t

18.----Mr.Gordon asked me to remind you of the meeting this afternoon.Don’t you forget it!----OK, I _________.A won’tB.don’tC.willD.do

19.The weather turned out to be fine yesterday.I ______the trouble to carry my umbrella with me.A.should have takenB.could have taken

C needn’t have takenD.mustn’t have taken

20.----Could I have a word with you, mum?

----Oh dear, if you ________.A.canB.mustC.mayD.should

第三组题

1.As you worked late yesterday, you ________ have come this morning.Aneedn’tB.mayn’tC.can’tD.mustn’t

2.If it were not for the fact that she ______ sing, I would invite her to the party.A.couldn’tB.shouldn’tCcan’tD.might not

3.The workers will go on strike if the demands they _________put forward are turned down.A.couldB.wouldC./D.had

4.----I think I’ll give Bob a ring.----You _______.You haven’t been in touch with him for ages.A.willB.mayC.have toD should

5.----May I smoke here?

----If you ________, choose a seat in the smoking section.A.shouldB.couldC.mayDmust

6.----Must he come to sign this paper himself?

----Yes, he ________.A.needB mustC.mayD.will

7.Some aspects of a pilot’s job __________ be boring, and pilots often _______ work at inconvenient hours.A.can;have toB.may;canC.have to;mayD.ought to;must

8.----Is Jack on duty today?

----It ______ be him.It’s his turn tomorrow.A.mustn’tB.won’tCcan’tD.needn’t

9.----How’s your tour around the North Lake? Is it beautiful?

----It ________ be, but it is now heavily polluted.A.willB.wouldC shouldD.must

10.In crowded places like airports and railway stations, you ________ take care of your luggage.A.canB.mayC.mustD.will

11.----Guess what? I have got A for my term paper.----Great!You ________ read widely and put a lot of work into it.A.mustB.shouldC must haveD.should have

12.----She looks very happy.She ________ have passed the exam.----I guess so.It’s not difficult after all.A.shouldB.couldC mustD.might

13.----What do you think we can do for our aged parents?

----You ________ do anything except to be with them and by yourself.A.don’t have toB.oughtn’t toC.mustn’tD.can’t

14.----Turn off the TV, Jack._________ your homework now?

----Mum, just ten more minutes, please.A.Should you be doingB.Shouldn’t you be doing

C.Couldn’t you be doingD.Will you be doing

15.My MP4 player isn’t in my bag.Where ______ I have put it?

A.canB.mustC.shouldD.would

16.----My can’s really fat.----You ________ have given her so much food.A.wouldn’tB.couldn’tC.shouldn’tD.mustn’t

17.The biggest problem for most plants, which ________ just get up and run away when threatened, is that animals like to eat them.A.shan’tB can’tC.needn’tD.mustn’t

18.The teacher ______ have thought Johnson was worth it or she wouldn’t have wasted time on him, I suppose.A.shouldB.canC.wouldD must

19.----Where is my dictionary ? I remember I put it here yesterday.----You _______ it in the wrong place.A.must putB.should have putC.might putD might have put

20.----What does the sign over there read?

----“No person _______ smoke or carry a lighted cigarette, cigar or pipe in this area.”

A.willB.mayC.shallD.must

参考答案

第一组

1-5 BDBAC6-10 AADCA11-15 DDADA16-20 AABAB 第二组

1-5 BCAAD6-10 DBDDC 11-15CCADA16-20 ABACA 第三组

小学英语情态动词的用法 篇6

一、通过多媒体资源来创设情境

根据情境教学模式的要求, 教师可以运用多媒体资源来创设相关的情境, 从而能够有效活跃课堂的教学气氛, 加强学生的理解效果。教师可以运用播放歌曲、电影片段或动画片片段等相关视频资源的形式, 以及展示图片的方式来创设相关的情境等。当然, 在选择相关的多媒体资源时, 教师应该充分考虑学生的年龄特点和兴趣所在, 力求使创设好的情境能够迅速吸引学生的眼球, 以起到良好的效果。比如, 在讲解高中英语中关于dare这个情态动词的特殊用法时, 教师便可以利用情境教学的策略, 先在PPT上为学生展示出几幅关于《中国好声音》的图片, 或者让学生欣赏一段某位学员在《中国好声音》比赛时的歌曲。学生看到这些资源后, 注意力被马上吸引过来, 急于知道接下来教师要讲什么。这时候, 教师便可以运用如下方式来引导学生:

T: Are you familiar with this famous TV show in China?

Ss: Yes. It’s Voice of China.

T: How to say“你敢和中国好声音的成员竞争吗”? If we use the modal verb“dare”, then...

Ss: (在教师的引导和点拨之下) Dare you compete with the students in Voice of China?

T: OK. If we adopt the auxiliary verb“do”, how can we say this sentence?

Ss: (在教师的引导和点拨之下) Do you dare to compete with the students in Voice of China?

这种方式能有效加强学生的记忆效果, 帮助他们理解dare这个词在用法上和其他普通情态动词的异同之处, 从而能够取得良好的教学效果。反之, 如果教师直接向学生灌输dare的用法, 势必不会达到这样的教学效果。

二、通过学生的实际生活来创设情境

在高中英语语法教学过程中, 除了通过多媒体资源来创设情境之外, 还可以通过学生的实际生活来进行创设。事实上, 如果能将课堂上的语言知识点和学生的实际生活紧密地联系起来, 不仅能够有效地帮助学生降低学习过程中的难度, 还能使他们获得更多的成就感和满足感。同时, 这样的策略较为简单, 操作起来也比较方便。比如, 在讲解高中英语中关于情态动词表示推测的用法时, 教师可以通过学生的实际生活来创设如下情境:

T: Boys and girls, today, I have good news for you. Do you want to get it?

Ss: Of course.

T: In our class, Zhang Yang gets the first prize in the English speech competition held in our school.Do you want to know what contributes to his success?

S1: 肯定是因为张扬注重英语口语的训练。

T: Boys and girls, how can we say“肯定是”in this sentence?

Ss: Must.

T: Yes, you are right. We can say“It must be Zhang Yang’s focus on the training of oral English.”

S2: 可能是因为张扬在演讲时没有紧张。

T: Good. How can we say“可能是”in this sentence?

Ss:Can or may.T:...

T:...

通过这种教学方式, 可以有效地将情态动词表示推测的相关用法与学生的实际生活紧密地联系起来。这样不仅可以有效地激发学生的学习兴趣, 而且还可以通过相关的情境帮助学生理解相关知识点的用法。

三、通过故事来创设情境

根据情境教学模式的要求, 教师还可以通过故事来创设相关的情境。这是因为故事具有一定的虚构性, 通过故事来创设语境会更为简单方便, 也有利于充分发挥学生的想象力, 培养学生的想象性思维。但是, 在选择相关的故事时, 教师必须注意, 选择的故事要有一定的针对性, 符合本课时的教学目标, 不可为了讲故事而讲故事。比如, 在讲解高中英语中关于may和might这两个情态动词表示请求和允许的用法时, 教师可以通过这样的方式来给学生创设故事语境:“One day, an elephant wants to enjoy a performance in the forest.However, he hasn’t finish his homework. Thus, he must ask for his mother’s permission. Can you help him? How can he ask for permission?”这时候, 学生可能会回答:“Mom, may I enjoy a performance in the forest today?”也有学生可能会回答:“Mom, might I enjoy a performance in the forest today? After that, I will finish my homework as soon as possible.”然后, 根据学生的回答, 教师可以进一步对学生进行点拨, 帮助他们辨清表示请求和允许时, 运用may和运用might有什么异同, 两者是否能互换, 在这种情况下might是否是may的过去式等问题。从整体上来看, 通过这种方式, 学生可以在一种较为轻松愉悦的环境中进行语法学习, 而不是机械式地背诵相关的语法知识点, 或者进行题海战术训练。

情态动词用法小结 篇7

一、情态动词基本用法的高频考点

1. can表示理论上的可能性，意为“可能会”。例如：

Even an experienced teacher can make mistakes.即使一名有经验的老师也有可能会犯错误。（理论上的可能性，事实上末发生）

2. must表示“硬要，偏要”。例如：

Must you shout so loudly？ 你非要这么大声叫嚷吗？

mustn’t表示“禁止”。例如：

You must not take the books out of the library. 不准把书带出图书馆。

Must we send in our plan this week？ 我们必须这星期交计划吗？

No， you needn’t/don’t have to. 不，没有必要。

（此处不表示“禁止”，所以不能用mustn’t回答）

3. shall用于第二、三人称，表示说话者给对方的命令、警告、允诺或威胁。例如：

All of you shall arrive before five o’clock.（命令）你们都要五点前到达。

You shall fail if you don’t work harder.（警告）如果你不更努力工作的话，你就会失败。

You shall get a gift on your birthday. （允诺）在你生日的那天 ，你会得到一个礼物。

He shall be punished. （威胁）他会受到惩罚的。

4. should表示惊讶、意外等情绪，译作“竟然”。

I can’t believe that he should speak ill of me. 我无法相信他竟然说我的坏话。

有一定根据的推测，译作“按道理应该”。例如：

They should be at home now， for they have been away for two hours. 他们都已经走了两小时了，他们现在应该到家了。（根据时间推测）

5. will表示事物的某种性质和倾向。例如：

Wood will float on the water. 木头会浮在水上。

The drawer won’t open. 抽屉打不开。

6. would表示过去的习惯性动作，译作“过去常常”（used to）。例如：

When he was young， he would listen to music alone in his room on weekends. 在年轻的时候，他经常周末独自一人待在他的房间里听音乐。

7. may常用的固定搭配：may well完全能，很可能；may as well 最好，倒不如。例如：

Her appearance has changed so much that you may well not recognize her. 她的容貌改变了如此之多，你很可能认不出她了。

You may as well do it at once. 你最好马上就做这件事。

二、“情态动词+have done”的用法

1. 表示对过去发生事情的推测

must have done，过去一定做过某事。（很有把握的肯定推测）

can’t have done，不可能做过某事。（很有把握的否定推测）

may/might have done，可能已经做过某事。（不太有把握的肯定推测）

may/might not have done，可能还没有做过某事情。（不太有把握的否定推测）

例如： It must have rained last night， for the road is quite muddy. 昨晚一定下雨了，因为路很泥泞。

Jack can’t have arrived yet， otherwise he would have telephoned us. 杰克不可能已到家了，否则他就给我们打电话了。

Tom hasn’t come back yet， He may have missed the bus again. 汤姆还没有回家，他可能又错过了公交车。

例1 （2012年高考湖北卷） As the shopkeeper Mr Johnson was selling me the bicycle， he said， “this is the best thing you ____ have done. Life has become hopelessly complicated.”

A. would B. should C. must D. could

解析 D。考查情态动词辨析。根据语境可知，该句意为：这是你所能做到的最好的事。could have done意为“能够做到……”， 与语境相符，故选D项。A项意为“愿意”，B项意为“应当”，C项意为“必须”，都与语境不符。

2. 表示“（过去）本……而实际上……”

should/ought to have done， 本应该做而实际上没有做。

needn’t have done， 本不需要做而实际上做了。

would have done， 本打算要做而实际上没有做。

could have done， 本能够做而实际上没有做。

例如：We should have studied last night， but we went to the concert instead. 昨晚我们本应该学习的，可是我们却去听了音乐会。

I was really anxious about you. You shouldn’t have left home without a word. 我真的是很担心你，你不应该不说一句话就离家出走。

There was plenty of time. She needn’t have hurried. 有足够的时间，她没有必要赶忙。

I stayed at a hotel while in New York. 我在纽约期间住的是宾馆。

Oh， why don’t you call me？ You could have stayed with me. 哦，你为什么不打我电话？你本可以和我待在一起的。

例2 He looks sleepy. He must ___________ last night， writing the essay. （stay）他看起来犯困。昨晚他肯定熬夜写论文了。

解析 have stayed up. 根据句子中文翻译中的“昨晚肯定”以及题干中的last night可知是对过去发生的事情的肯定猜测，要用must have done结构。

3. 用于if引导的非真实条件句中，表示虚拟语气

若含if的非真实条件句或省略if的含蓄性非真实条件句的从句的谓语时态为过去时，且主句也讲的是过去的事情，主句的谓语部分要用should/would/could/ might have done的结构。例如：

If I hadn’t drunk alcohol last night， I could have driven my car home.如果昨晚我没有喝酒的话，我就能开车回家了。

例3 Had we not used an out-of-date train schedule， we ___________ the train. （miss） 要不是用了一张过期的列车时刻表，我们就不会误了火车。

解析 would not have missed. 此句考查的是if的含蓄性非真实条件句的虚拟语气，从句用的是过去完成时（had used倒装）表示过去的动作，主句讲的也是过去的事情，所以要用情态动词加have done的结构，由于是否定句，故用would not+ have done表达.

例4 （2015年高考湖北卷）If she had been aware that the mushroom were poisonous， she them for dinner.（pick）要是知道这些蘑菇有毒，她不会采来做晚餐了。