be动词的过去时用法详解

be动词的过去时用法详解（精选2篇）

be动词的过去时用法详解 篇1

1.当一个句子的谓语表示一个动作，主语和它存在被动关系时，一般用被动语态表达。而在be+过去分词作表语结构中，从形式上看与被动语态相似，但从意义上分析，两者存在着明显的差异，被动结构强调一种被动关系；而表语结构强调的是主语所显示出的状态。试比较：

（1） The story was told by a famous fortune teller.这个故事是由一个有名的占卜者讲述的。

该句中强调的是告诉这个动作与主语故事之间的被动关系，它是典型的被动结构。

（2） This story is well told.这个故事讲得真好。

本句强调这个故事的特点是讲得好，属于be+过去分词充当表语结构。

（3） The museum is usually closed at 8 P.M.这个博物馆通常在八点关闭。

本句中的“is closed”强调的是关门的被动语态结构。

（4） The museum is now closed.这个博物馆现在不开放。

本句中的“is closed”表达的意思是主语博物馆的状态是不开放的。

2.被动结构中动作执行者（即主语）通常由介词by引导（by有时会省略）；而be+动词过去分词作表语结构时，其后往往接“in”，“with”，“at” ，“of”等介词构成一些短语，由此类介词引导的介词短语对主语的特征及其状态进行补充说明，尤其是说明人称主语的情绪或状态的较为多见，小结如下：

（1）在“be+动词过去分词”作表语时，连接介词为with，如在annoyed，contented，covered ，delighted ，exhausted ，pleased ，satisfied等词之后时，例句如下：

1）The battlefield was covered with the dead，the wounded and the dying after the war.战争过后，战场上遍布着死去的，受伤的和奄奄一息的人。

2）We are satisfied with the smoothness of the negotiation.我们对谈判的顺利进行很满意。

（2）在“be+动词过去分词”作表语时，连接介词为at，如在amazed，astonished，disappointed，excited，等词之后时，例句如下：

1）They were surprised at what the boy had did.他们对小男孩的行为感到惊奇。

2）The woman was delighted at the recovery of her stolen jewels.这位女士对珠宝的失而复得感到很高兴。

（3）在“be+动词过去分词”作表语时，连接介词为in，如在intended ，interested ，enriched ，engaged等词之后时，例句如下：

1） He is absorbed in technical innovations all day.他整日一心一意进行技术革新。

2） I suspect that he is more or less involved in the affair.我猜他跟这件事或多或少有点牵连。

（4）在“be+动词过去分词”作表语时，连接介词为of，如在tired ，beloved ，made ，tired，scared等词之后时，例句如下：

1） You will be convinced of your innocence as long as you can prove it.只要你能证明，别人就会相信你是清白的。

2）The force would be composed of troops from NATO countries.这支军队将由来自北约国家的部队组成。

综上，根据比较分析可以看出，“be+动词过去分词”有时是一种被动语态结构的表达，有时可以看作是be+表语+介词的一种结构，即构成主语+系动词+表语的句型。前者在被动语态中，动词的过去分词形式是一种主语及宾语间的被动关系的表达；而后者中，动词的过去分词形式作为动词的成分已弱化，而更多的呈现出形容词的特征，作表语成分，去表达主语的特征或所处的状态。如be made of，be tired of，be known to，be accused of，be satisfied with等，这种用法我们可称之为习惯固定搭配，或变成固定短语使用。

参考文献：

[1]L.G.亚历山大.朗文英语语法[M].外语教学与研究出版社. 1998.

非谓语动词之过去分词的用法练习 篇2

1．______ twice，the postman refused to deliver our letters unless we chained our dog.A．Being bitten

B．Bitten

C．Having bitten

D．To be bitten 2．Passengers on board aren’t allowed ______ calls during take­off.A．making or receiving

B．to make or receive C．to have made or received

D．having made or received 3．Is there any possibility of this product ______ in Paris or New York market? A．trying out

B．to try out

C．being tried out

D．tried out 4．Mr Jones，a professor，______ for his excellent lectures，is popular with his students.A．known

B．knowing

C．to be known

D．having known 5．—Why are the students working so hard these days? — ______ ready for the coming entrance examination.A．To get

B．Get

C．Getting

D．Got 6． In 2010，China enjoyed its best Winter Olympic Games results，______ 11 medals in Vancouver—five gold included.A．to collect

B．collected

C．being collected

D．collecting 7．The girl glanced over her shoulder and found herself ______ by a young man in black.A．was followed

B．followed

C．following

D．had been followed 8．An air France jet is reported ______ in the Atlantic Ocean with 228 people aboard，the airline’s worst disaster in its

75-year history.A．to have crashed

B．to have been crashed

C．having crashed

D．having been crashed 9．Alcohol is classified as a downer，and although it is legal，it can damage the liver and do great harm if ______ in

large quantities.A．consume

B．to consume

C．consuming

D．consumed 10．______ in the leg made it impossible for me to walk as fast as usual.A．Being injured

B．To be injured

C．Having injured

D．Injured 11．Misunderstandings ____ from lack of social communication，unless ____ properly，may lead to serious problems.A．arisen；handling

B．arising；handled

C．rising；handled

D．risen；handling 12．______ by a greater demand for green products，the food company has set higher standards to ensure the quality.A．Driven

B．Being driven

C．To drive

D．Having driven 13．—Will the match be cancelled because of the bad weather? —No.Rain or shine，the match will be held as______.A．schedule

B．scheduling

C．scheduled

D．to schedule 14．Subway Line 4，______ into use in September，has made traveling in Beijing easier.A．having been put

B．putting

C．being put

D．put 15．On the bank of the river，we found him ______ on a beach，with his eyes ______ on a kite in the sky.A．seated；fixing

B．sitting；fixing

C．seated；being fixed

D．sitting；fixed 16．Tsinghua University，______ in 1911，is home to a great number of outstanding figures.A．found

B．founding

C．founded

D．to be founded 17． The players ______ from the whole country are expected to bring us honor in this summer game.A．selecting

B．to select

C．selected

D．having selected 18．The island，______ to the mainland by a bridge，is easy to go to.A．joining

B．to join

C．joined

D．having joined 19．Michael put up a picture of Yao Ming beside the bed to keep himself ______ of his own dreams.A．reminding

B．to remind

C．reminded

D．remind 20．______ an important role in a new movie，Andy has got a chance to become famous.A．Offer

B．Offerring

C．Offered

D．To offer 21．The rare fish，______ from the cooking pot，has been returned to the sea.A．saved

B．saving

C．to be saved

D．having saved 22．Even the best writers sometimes find themselves ______ for words.A．lose

B．lost

C．to lose

D．having lost 23．______ into English，the sentence was found to have an entirely different word order.A．Translating

B．Translated

C．To translate

D．Having translated 24．I’m calling to enquire about the position ______ in yesterday’s China Daily.A．advertised

B．to be advertised

C．advertising

D．having advertised 25．Lucy has a great sense of humour and always keeps her colleagues ______ with her stories.A．amused

B．amusing

C．to amuse

D．to be amused

1．答案：B 2．

3．答案：C

4．答案：A

5．答案：A

6． 答案：D

7．答案：B 8．据报道一架法国喷气式飞机坠入大西洋，机上有228人，这次事故是该航空公司75年来最严重的。答案：A 9．答案：D

10．答案：A

11．答案：B 12．句意：绿色食品的巨大需求使食品公司制订了更高的标准以保证质量。答案：A

13．答案：C 14．

15．答案：D 16．

17．答案：C

18．答案：C

19．答案：C

20．答案：C

21．答案：A 22．句意：甚至连最好的作家有时也发现自己词穷(找不到好词)。(be)lost for words表示“难以用言语表达、无以应对”。答案：B