cost的过去式过去分词现在分词词义（通用11篇）
It cost him five hundred quid.
它花费了他500英磅。
Success has cost him dearly.
他为成功付出了高昂的代价。
The cost ran into the thousands.
成本达到千位数。
Here is a detailed costing of our proposals.
这是我们的`方案的详细成本计算。
It was costing us more than it was worth.
1. 作定语
1) 持续性动词过去分词和及物动词现在分词的被动式都可以当定语, 但两者在时间关系上是有差别的。如果定语所表示的动作是在谓语动词表示的动作之前发生或者是没有一定的时间性, 一般用过去分词。例如:
This is his written promise.
这是他的书面保证。
I have got a radio made in shanghai.
我买了一台上海的收音机。
如果定语所表示的动作在说话时正在进行或是与谓语所表示的动作同时发生, 则一般用现在分词的被动式。例如:
The bike being repaired is mine.
正在修理的那辆自行车是我的。
The problem being discussed is of vital important.
正在讨论的问题极其重要。
2) 现在分词被动式当定语一般只能置于被修饰的名词之后。例如:
Is this book being written?
这是那本正在写着的书吗?
The house being built is our reading-room.
正在修建的房子是我们的阅览室。
3) 短暂性动词的过去分词可以作定语, 短暂性动词的现在分词被动式一般不可作定语。例如:
Right:The book bought yesterday is very interting.
Wrong:The book being boughtyesterday is very interesting.
4) 不及物动词的过去分词可以作定语, 表示主动的、完成的意思。例如:
He is the comrade come from Beijing.
他便是那位北京来的同志。
The escaped prisoners were captured.
那些逃跑的罪犯被抓获了。
2. 作宾语补足语
1) 在使役动词have, get等后一般用过去分词而不用现在分词被动式。例如:
I must have these printed.
我一定得让人把这些东西印好。
Have you had your watch stolen?
你的表被人偷了吗?
2) 在感观动词see, hear, feel, find等后作宾补的分词, 如果表示完成意思的就用过去分词, 如果表示说话时正在进行的动作, 或是与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生, 则用现在分词的被动式。例如:
I find his room cleaned.
我发现他的房间打扫过了。
I heard the song being sung.
我听到有人在唱那支歌。
3. 作状语
过去分词与现在分词的被动式都可以作状语。例如:
Combined with practice, the theory is easy to learn.
理论只有与实践相结合, 才容易学到。
Being combined with practice, th theory is easy to learn.
但是在这种情况下, 过去分词用得较多, 现在分词被动式用得甚少。如果强调这个动作是此刻正在进行的, 或是与谓语表示的动作同时发生的, 我们可以用现在分词的被动式形式。例如:
Being asked to sing af song, she couldn’t very well refuse.
有人请她唱支歌, 她不好拒绝。
Being protected by a tombstone he felt be was quite safe.
有墓碑掩护着, 他感到很安全。
注意:如果这个动作先于谓语动词表示的动作, 可以用完成时的被动式。例如:
Having been experimented several times, this new product wil be put into mass production.
经过数次试验后, 这种新产品将投入批量生产。
Having been invited to speak, I’ll start marking preparations tomorrow.
由于应邀讲话, 明天我将开始作准备。
如果不强调这个动作的时间性, 可用过去分词。例如:
Confined to bed, he needed to be waited on in everything.
他卧病在床, 什么事都需要伺候。
United as one, they are fighting a battle.
他们团结得象一个人一样进行战斗。
4. 作表语
及物动词和不及物动词的过去分词都可以作表语, 但现在分词被动式不可作表语。如可以说:He is married.而不能说The tree is fallen.可以说:He is being married.而不能说:The tree is being fallen.
一、现在分词与过去分词当定语
现在分词与过去分词当定语的区别首先表现在被修饰词与现在分词之间是主动关系，过去分词当定语时被修饰的词与分词之间则是被动关系。单个分词作定语通常置于被修饰词之前，分词短语则要后置。例如：
The president made an inspiring speech(= which was inspiring) at the meeting.总统在会上作了令人鼓舞的演说。
The man sitting (= who is sitting) at the desk is his secretary.坐在桌旁那个人是他的秘书。
The moved children (= who were moved) were determined to work harder at their lessons.受感动的孩子们决心更加努力地学习功课。
She showed me the book recommended by the professor (=which was recommended ).她把教授推荐的书给我看了看。
现在分词与过去分词当定语的另一个区别是现在分词表示动作正在进行，过去分词则表示动作已经完成。例如：
It is well known that China belongs to a developing country.众所周知，中国属于发展中国家。
We are determined to work harder so as to catch up with the developed countries.我们决心更加努力工作以便赶上发达国家。
不及物动词的过去分词只表示动作完成，没有被动含义。
I was watching the risen moon on the balcony when the telephone rang.我正在阳台上看升起了的月亮突然间电话铃响了。
二、现在分词与过去分词当补语
现在分词当补语表示主动或动作正在进行；过去分词则表示被动或动作已经完成或者指状态。例如：
I saw some foreign guests entering the headmasters office.我看见有几位外宾正走进校长的办公室。
Waiting outside the operating room，she felt her heart beating violently.她等候在手术室外，觉得心在猛烈地跳动。
The children were found playing by the side of the river.有人发现孩子们在河边玩。
Yesterday my husband had the computer repaired.昨天我丈夫让人把电脑修理好了。
The villagers found the river seriously polluted.村民们发现河流被严重地污染了。
All the doors were found locked.所有的门都是锁着的。
三、现在分词与过去分词当状语
现在分词当状语所表示的动作是句子主语所执行的，也就是说主语与现在分词之间包含的是主动关系。过去分词当状语时，句子的主语则是分词动作的承受者，即主语与过去分词之间存在着被动关系。例如：
Entering the laboratory，the professor began to do the chemical experiment.教授走进实验室就开始做化学实验。
Not having heard from his parents for a long time，the young man became worried.由于很久没有收到父亲的来信，年青人感到焦虑不安起来。
Seen from the hill，the town looks very beautiful.从小山上往下看，这个城镇显得非常美丽。
Miss Yang walked into the classroom，followed by a group of students.杨小姐走进教室，后面跟着一群学生。
四、现在分词与过去分词用于独立主格结构
在独立主格结构中，如果分词的逻辑主语与分词之间是主动关系用现在分词，如果两者之间表示的是被动关系或指状态则用过去分词。例如：
Weather permitting (= If weather permits)，we will go out for a picnic next Sunday.如果天气允许，我们下个星期日去野餐。
He related his adventure in the mountains，his eyes sparkling with joy.他叙述他在山中的奇遇，眼睛里闪烁着喜悦的光芒。
Everything taken into consideration (=If everything is taken into consideration)，his plan is more workable than yours.考虑到各方面情况，他的计划比你的更可行。
五、现在分词被动式与过去分词的区别
现在分词的被动式与过去分词都可以表示被动含义，但是在使用时我们应该注意到如下区别。
1、现在分词的被动式表示动作正在被进行，过去分词表示动作已经完成。
The suggestion being discussed was put forward by Mr.Li.正在讨论的这个建议是李先生提出来的。
The problem discussed at the meeting yesterday was of great importance.昨天会上讨论过的问题非常重要。
不过有时现在分词被动式与过去分词所起的作用相同。
This (being) done，I set about cleaning
the windows.做完这个，我开始擦窗子。
2、过去分词可以当定语，但是现在分词被动语态完成式通常不当定语。
The children were deeply moved by the story told by the PLA man.(正)
The children were deeply moved by the story having been told by the PLA man.(误)
3、强调条件时，一般只用过去分词。
Compared with other women，your mother is really lucky.同其他妇女相比，你母亲真的很幸运。
4、如果用作时间状语，既表示被动又表示完成，可用过去分词也可用现在分词被动语态的完成式。
The experiment (having been) done，the students left the laboratory.做完了实验，学生们就离开了实验室。
但是如果只强调被动，则用过去分词。如果只强调动作完成，则用现在分词被动语态的完成式。
Once seen，it can never be forgotten.一旦见过，就绝不会忘记。
1、fold的基本意思是“折叠”,可指对折,也可指交叠,引申可表示“包围,包起,笼罩”。
2、fold用作及物动词时,接名词或代词作宾语,可用于被动结构; 也可接副词away, up或介词in, around, into 等短语作宾语补足语。
3、 fold也可用作不及物动词,这时主动形式常含有被动意义。
4、fold偶尔可用作系动词接形容词作表语。
1.____ the house on fire, he dialed 119.A.To see B.Seeing C.Having seen D.Being seen
2.I fell down and broke three of my teeth.I wonder how many times I have to come here and get my false teeth ____.A.fix B.fixing C.fixed D.to fix 3.We’re ___ to listen to her ____ voice.It’s ___ to hear her sing.A.pleased;pleasing;pleasure
B.pleased;pleasant;a pleasure C.pleasing;pleased;a pleasure D.pleasing;pleasant;pleasure 4.___a post office, I stopped____ some stamps.A.Passed, buying B.Passing, to buy C.Having passed, buy D.Pass, to buy
5.____with the size of the whole earth, the highest mountain does not seem high at all.A.Comparing B.To compare C.Compared D.Having compared 6.Here are some new computer programs ____for home buildings.A.designing B.design C.designed D.to design
7.____a little money, Jimmy was able to buy his mother a lovely new lamp.A.To save B.Saving C.Saved D.Having saved
8.The teacher came into the classroom ____by his students.A.following B.to be following C.followed D.having followed 9.With the money ___, he couldn’t buy any ticket.A.to lose B.losing C.lost D.has lost
10.There was so much noise in the room that the speaker couldn’t make himself ____.A.being heard B.hearing C.heard D.hear 11.The result of the test was rather _____.A.disappointed B.disappointing C.being disappointed D.disappoint
12.I’ve never heard the word ____in spoken English.A.use B.used C.using D.being used
13._____how to do the homework, I went to ask my teacher for help.A.Not to know B.Not knowing C.Knowing not D.Not known 14.Deeply __, I thanked her again and again.A.being moving B.moved C.moving D.to be moved 15.With winter _____on, it’s time to buy warm clothes.A.came B.comes C.come D.coming
16.____the office, the foreign visitors were shown round the teaching building.A.Having shown B.Showing C.Has shown D.Having been shown
17.He went from door to door, ____waste papers and magazines.A.gathering B.gathered C.gather D.being gathered
18.The student corrected his paper carefully, ____the professor’s suggestions.A.follow B.following C.followed D.being followed 19.The ___price will save you one dollar for each dozen.A.reduce B.reducing C.reduced D.reduces
20.People ____in the city do not know the pleasure of country life.A.live B.to live C.lived D.living
21.The foreigner tried his best, but he still couldn’t make his point ___.A.understand B.understanding C.to understand D.understood 22.The scientists were waiting to see the problem ______.A.settle B.settled C.to settle D.settling
23.The library’s study room is full of students _____for the exam.A.busily prepared B.busy preparing C.busily prepare D.are busily preparing
24.The ground is _____with ____ leaves.A.covering, falling B.covered, falling C.covered, fallen D.covering, fallen
25.Lessons ____easily were soon forgotten.A.to learn B.learn C.learned D.learning
26.The wallet ____several days ago was found ____in the dustbin outside the building。A.stolen, hidden B.stealing, hiding C.stealing, hidden D.stolen, hiding
27.A person _____a foreign language must be able to use the foreign language, ______all about his own.A.to learn, to forget B.learning, to forget C.to learn, forgetting D.learning, forgetting
28.___different kinds of pianos, the workers farther improved their quality.A.To produce B.Being produced C.Produced D.Having produced
29.The students in the university are all taking courses ___a degree.A.coming to B.going to C.leading to D.turning to
30.Many things _____impossible in the past are very common today.A.consider B.considering C.considered D.be considered
31.___many times, he still couldn’t understand.A.Having been told B.Having told C.He having been told D.Telling
32.The old sick lady entered the hospital, ____her two sons.A.to support B.supporting C.supported by D.having supported
33.China is one of the largest countries in the world, _____9.6 million square kilometres.A.to cover B.covered C.covers D.covering
34.____and happy, Tony stood up and accepted the prize.A Surprising B.Surprised C.Being surprised D.To be surprising
35.The visiting Minister expressed his satisfaction with the talks,____ that he had enjoyed his stay here.A.having added B.to add C.adding D.added
36.“Can you read?” Mary said ____to the notice.A.angrily pointing B.and point angrily C.angrily pointed D.and angrily pointing
37._____ the composition, John handed it to the teacher and went out of the room.A.Writing B.Having written C.Written D.Being written
38.Were you ____when you saw that wild animal ? A.fright B.frightening C.frightened D.frighten
39.Properly _____with numbers, the books can be easily found.A.marked B.mark C.to mark D.marking
40.The child sat in the dentist’s chair ____.A.tremble B.trembling C.trembled D.to trembled
41.At this moment the bell rang, _____the end of class.A.announce B.announcing C.announced D.to announce 42.He walked down the hills, ____softly to himself.A.sing B.singing C.sung D.to sing
43.I had to shout to make myself _____ above the noise.A.heard B.hearing C.hear D.to hear
44.The graduating students are busy ___material for their reports.A.collect B.to collect C.collected D.collecting
45.The cars ____in Beijing are as good as those ____in Shanghai.A.produce, produce B.produced, produced C.produced, producing D.producing, producing
46.When I came in, I saw Dr.Li _____a patient.A.examine B.examining C.to examine D.examined
47.____a satisfactory operation, the patient recovered from illness very quickly.A.Having been given B.Having given C.Giving D.Being given
48.____a satisfactory operation, the doctor believed the patient would recover from his illness very soon.A.Having been given B.Having given C.Giving D.Being given
49.He wrote a letter to me _____that his trip to Japan had been put off because of the bad weather.A.inform B.informing C.informed D.being informed
50.He reads newspapers every day to keep himself ____about what’s going on in the world.A.inform B.informing C.informed D.being informed II.用适当的非谓语动词形式填空
1.She caught the student _______(cheat)in exams.2.When I got there, I found him _________(repair)farm tools.3.When I got there, I found the farm tools _______.(repair)4.Just then he heard someone _______(call)for help.5.He worked so hard that he got his pay ______.(raise)6.The missing boys were last seen _______(play)near the river.7.___________(compare)with the old one, the new building looks more beautiful.8.The workers had the machines _______(run)all night long to finish the work on time.9.People in the south have their houses ______(make)of bamboo.10._______(lose)in thought, he almost ran into the car in front of him.1.（江西卷22）_____ the right kind of training, these teenage soccer players may one day grow into the international stars.A.Giving B.Having given C.To give D.Given
2.（江西卷34）The government plans to bring in new laws _____ parents to take more responsibility for the education of their children.A.forced B.forcing C.to be forced D.having forced
3.（辽宁卷22）When we visited my old family home, memory came______ back.A.flooding B.to flood C.flood D.flooded 4.（辽宁卷27）, you need to give all you have and try your best.A Being a winner B To be a winner C Be a winner D Having been a winner 5.（湖南卷21）Every evening after dinner, if not from work, I will spend some time walking my dog.A.being tired B.tiring C.tired D.to be tired
6.（湖南卷25）At the age of 29, Dave was a worker, in a small apartment near Boston and ______ what to do about his future.A.living;wondering
B.lived;wondering
C.lived;wondered
D.living;wondered
7.（湖南卷29）Nowadays people sometimes separate their waste to make it easier for it.A.reusing B.reused C.reuses D.to be reused
8.（山东卷22）We are invited to a party _______in our club next Friday.A.to be held B.held C.being held D.holding 9.（山东卷25）The number of foreign students attending Chinese universities ___ rising steadily since1990.A.is B.are C.has been D.have been
10.（重庆卷29）With the world changing fast, we have something new _______with all by ourselves every day.A.deal B.dealt C.to deal D.dealing 11.（北京卷27）The way the guests ___ in the hotel influenced their evaluation of the service.A.treated B.were treated C.would treat D.would be treated 12.（北京卷28）All of them try to use the power of the workstation ___ information in a more effective way.A.presenting B.presented C.being presented D.to present 13.（北京卷34）____ twice, the postman refused to deliver our letters unless we changed our dog.A.Being bitten B.Bitten C.Having bitten D.To be bitten 14.（天津卷4）__ the project in time, the staff were working at weekends.A.Competing B.Having completed C.To have completed D.To complete 15.（天津卷9）_____ by the advances in technology, many farmers have set up wind farms on their land.A.Being encouraged B.Encouraging C.Encouraged D.Having encouraged 16.（浙江卷3）_____ and short of breath, Andy and Ruby were the first to reach the top of Mount Tai.A.To be tried B.Tired C.Tiring D.Being tired
17.（浙江卷7）There is a great deal of evidence that music activities engage different parts of the brain.A.indicate B.indicating C.to indicate D.to be indicating
18.（全国卷II 6）It is often ___that human beings are naturally equipped to speak.A.said B.to say C.saying D.being said 19(重庆卷25.)Michael’s new house is like a huge palace, ____with his old one.A.comparing B.compares C.to compare D.compared 20.（四川卷2）He told us whether ___a picnic was still under discussion A.to have B.having C.have D.had 21.（四川卷4）Ladies and gentlemen, please remain ____ until the plane has come to a complete stop.A.seated B.seating C.to seat D.seat 22．（四川卷10）________ many times, he finally understood it.A.Told B.Telling C.Having told D.Having been told 23.（江苏卷26）Schools across China are expected to hire 50,000 college graduates this year as short-term teachers, almost three times the
number hired last year, _____ reduce unemployment pressures.A.help B.to have helped C.to help D.having helped
24.（江苏卷32）Distinguished guests and friends, welcome to our school, the ceremony of the 50th Anniversary this morning are our alumni(校友)from home and abroad.A.Attend B.To attend C.Attending D.Having attended 25.（全国卷I 30）The children all turned the famous actress as the entered the classroom.A.looked at B.to look at C.to looking at D.look at 26.（全国卷I 35）Now that we’ve discussed our problem, are people happy with the decisions____ ? A.taking B.take C.taken D.to take 27.（福建卷32 not to miss the flight at 15:20, the manager set out for the airport in a hurry.A.Reminding B.Reminded C.To remind D.Having reminded 28.（福建卷34）In April, 2009, President Hu inspected the warships in Qingdao, ____the 60th anniversary of the founding of the PLA Navy.A.marking B.marked C.having marked D.being marked 29.（全国卷II 16）They use computers to keep the traffic ______ smoothly.A.being run B.run C.to run D.running 30.（陕西卷12）I still remember to the Famen Temple and what I saw there.A to take B to be taken C taking D being taken 08 1.（全国I卷26）I like getting up very early in summer.The morning air is so good ____.A.to be breathed B.to breathe C.breathing D.being breathed 2.（安徽卷30）__ in the fields on a March afternoon, he could feel the warmth of spring.A.To walk.B.Walking C.Walked D.Having walked 3.（福建卷22）___ in the queen for half an hour, the old man suddenly realized he had left the cheque in the car.A.Waiting B.To wait
1.This ____ a picture of a school, and that ____ a picture of a factory.2.These _____coats for men, and those _____ coats for women.3.It ____ sunny today, but it _____ rainy yesterday.I hope it ____ fine tomorrow.4.They ____ middle school students last year, but now they ____ college students.5.I _____ a student of English, and my sister _____ a student of history.6.I ______ very glad to see you.7.She _____ often late for school 8.On very cold winter days the lake _____ often covered with ice.9.Now some mummies _______ on show in some museums.10.The students _____ often busy with their homework.用have的适当形式填空
1.A man _____ a face and two hands, and a clock ____ a face and three hands.2.“They are free” means “ They _____ nothing to do.”
3.Uncle Wang _____ neither a radio nor a TV set before but now he _____ both a radio and a TV set.4.Before liberation, the working people _______ not enough to eat or wear, and many of them _____ no house to live in 5._____ you a car ? No, but I _____ one last year.用动词的适当形式填空 1.My brother usually _____(get up)at six o’clock.2.The earth ______(go)round the sun.3.The cat _____(catch)mice very well.4.My sister always ________(wash)clothes for me.5.We ______(read)English every morning.6.Kate _______(study)Chinese harder than Peter.7.They ______(do)their homework carefully every day.8.Mary and Rose ________(see)a film once a week.9.Japan _______(lie)to the east of China.10.When spring ______(come), the trees _______(turn)green.11.____ they _____(watch)TV every Saturday evening ? 12.My father _____(not have)his lunch in the factory.He always has it at home.13._____ it _____(take)you one hour to go to school every day ? 14.I ___________(not like)apples.15.We ________(not study)Russian.We study English.16.______John ______(sing)very well ? 17.______the baby ______(sing)very well ? 18.Her sister ________(not look)like her mother.选择填空
(D)1.The Smiths usually _____ lunch at home.A.haven’t B.hasn’t C.hadn’t D.don’t have(A)2.“ You _____ a class meeting today” said the teacher.A.don’t have B.didn’t have C.doesn’t have D.haven’t(C)3.How often _____ a football match ? A.had you B.have you C.do you have D.have you had(C)4.Martin often _____ his model plane on Saturday afternoon.A.fly B.flys C.flies D.is flying(B)5.The little always ____ his hands before he ____ anything.A.was…eat B.washes…eats C.washs…eats D.washes…eates(B)6.Father usually _____ newspapers after supper.A.read B.reads C.is reading D.has read(A)7.The Blacks often _____ to the cinema on Saturday evenings.A.go B.goes C.have gone D.are going(A)8.People _____ trees in spring every year.A.plant B.plants C.are planting D.have planted(B)9.Tom _______to buy some medicine for his cough.A.want B.wants C.has wanted D.is wanting(A)10.Mr Smith has been busy these days, He _____ tired and ______ a good rest.A.feels…needs B.has felt…has needed C.feels…will needs D.is feeling…is needing(B)11.When he was a child, Mother told Tom the earth _______round.A.was B.is C.are D.Were(A)12.From the magazine I learned there ____ no air or water on the moon.A.is B.are C.was D.were(B)13.The farmer told his children that crops _______without water.A.aren’t living B.can’t live C.isn’t living D.doesn’t live(B)14.Even a child knows that Sunday _____after Saturday.A.come B.comes C.is coming D.has come(A)15.I’ll return the book to Jack if I_______ him tomorrow.A.see B.will see C.am going to see D.saw(C)16.Mother will do some shopping if she _______free this Sunday.A.is going to be B.will be C.is D.was(D)17.Miss Green will go to the meeting if she _____ better this afternoon.A.feel B.will feel C.can feel D.feels(C)18.If I _____some tickets, I will give you one.A.has got B.will get C.get D.gets(B)19.Mike will come to play with us as soon as he _____ writing the composition.A.finished B.finishes C.will finish D.is finishing(A)20.The students will wait here until their new teacher ______.A.comes B.will come C.have come D.is coming(D)20.I go to bed before she _____ “Good night” to her mother.A.say B.had said C.said D.says(A)21.When the meeting ____over , we will go to the dining-room.A.is B.was C.will be D.are(D)22.I ___ at that school ten years ago.A.study B.had studied C.have studied D.studied(D)22.The policeman ______ the thief but found nothing in his pocket.A.has searched B.will search C.is searching D.searched(C)23.The baby _____ at his mother as soon as he saw her.A.smiles B.smile C.smiled D.had smiled(C)24.What did you do last Sunday ? I _____ the piano at home.A.am playing B.have played C.played D.plaid(D)25.The young man got up very early that morning and _____ not to be late again.A.try B.tries C.tried D.tried(B)26.The car ______ and an old man with glasses came out.A.stops B.stopped C.stoped D.was stopping(C)27.The visitor _____that they would go to the Great Wall the next morning.A.hear B.hears C.heard D.heared(B)28.The policemen _____ the thief while he was sleeping.A.cought B.caught C.catched D.Catch 29.The teacher _____ a map on the blackboard before she gave the lesson.A.hanged B.hung C.hang D.hangs(D)30.Mike _____ out a knife and _____ the paper into pieces.A.bringed…cut B.braught…cutted C.brought…cuted D.brought…cut(A)31.Something ____ from the tree and ____ the boy hard.A.fell…hit B.felt…hitted C.fallen…hitted D.falled…hit(A)32.When ___ his car lost ? A.did Mr Smith find B.did Mr Smith found C.Mr Smith found D.were Mr Smith find(D)33.Mrs Black ____ anything at the shop that day.A.not bought
B.don’t buy C.doesn’t buy
D.didn’t buy(A)34.The old man ____ off until the bus started.A.did not get B.has not got C.will not get D.not got(D)35.The teacher ____ what Peter had told her.A.not understood B.understand not C.won’t understand D.didn’t understand(B)36.I ____ at home yesterday afternoon.A.did not be B.was not C.were not D.am not(A)37.Jenny ____ good at sports when she ____ a schoolgirl.A.wasn’t…was B.didn’t…was C.weren’t…is D.isn’t…was(A)38._____ Tom able to speak three languages when he ____ only ten years old? A.Was…was B.did…was C.does…is D.Is…was(A)39.Why ____ she late for school this morning ? A.was B.did C.were D.does(B)40.The people at the meeting _____ surprised at the news.A.are B.were C.is D.did(C)41.Because the parents _____ pleased with their sons homework, they asked him to do it again.A.not were B.did not C.weren’t D.was not(C)42.______ a good time yesterday evening ? A.Did John has B.Did John had C.Did John have D.Had John had(C)43.It rained so hard yesterday that we _____ a good time in the park.A.had not B.have not C.didn’t have D.don’t have(D)44.Betty looks tired, ______ a rest at noon ? A.Had she B.Had she had C.does she have D.did she have(A)45.The policemen ____ into the house as soon as they got out of the car.A.rushed B.rush C.to rush D.rushing(D)46.What ____ when you looked out of the window ? A.have you seen B.were you seeing C.do you see D.did you see(A)47.Peter ____ well as his mother asked him to get up.A.didn’t feel B.doesn’t feel C.hadn’t felt D.wouldn’t felt(D)48.Jack ____ the policemen as soon as he found the spy.A.has called B.had called C.calls D.Called
我参加了几次聚会，过得很愉快。
As time went by we saw less and less of each other.
随着时间的.推移，我们见面越来越少。
The car went out of production in .
这种汽车已于停产。
In the normal course of events she would have gone with him.
要是事情发展顺利的话，她已同他一块儿走了。
They had gone two days without food.
What should we do to raise money for them?
为他们筹集一些钱我们应做什么?
I think we should raise some money for them.
我认为我们应为他筹集一些钱。
Yeah, but a boss likes that? To deal with him every day, you should get a raise!
(1) AAA型(动词原形、过去式、过去分词同形)
cost(花费) cost cost
cut(割) cut cut
hit(打) hit hit
hurt 伤害) hurt hurt
let(让) let let
put(放) put put
read (读) read read
(2) AAB型(动词原形与过去式同形)
beat(跳动) beat beaten
(3) ABA型(动词原形与过去分词同形)
become(变成) became become
come(来) came come
run(跑) ran run
(4) ABB型(过去式与过去分词同形)
dig(挖) dug dug get(得到) got got
hang(吊死) hanged hanged hang(悬挂) hung hung
hold(抓住) held held shine(照耀) shone shone
sit(坐) sat sat win (赢) won won
meet(遇见) met met keep (保持) kept kept
sleep(睡) slept slept sweep(扫) swept swept
feel(感觉) felt felt smell(闻) smelt smelt
leave(离开) left left build(建设) built built
lend(借出) lent lent send (传送) sent sent
spend(花费) spent spent lose (丢失) lost lost
burn (燃烧) burnt burnt learn(学习了) learnt learnt
mean(意思是) meant meant catch(抓住) caught caught
teach(教) taught taught bring(带来) brought brought
fight (战斗) fought fought buy(买) bought bought
think(想) thought thought hear (听见) heard heard
sell(卖) sold sold tell(告诉) told told
say(说) said said find(找到) found found
have/has(有) had had make(制造) made made
stand(站) stood stood understand明白understood understood
(5) ABC型(动词原形、过去式与过去分词三者不同形)
begin(开始) began begun drink(喝) drank drunk
ring(铃响) rang rung sing (唱) sang sung
swim(游泳) swam swum blow(吹) blew blown
draw (画) drew drawn fly(飞) flew flown
grow(生长) grew grown know(知道) knew known
throw(投掷) threw thrown show(出示) showed shown
break(打破) broke broken choose(选择) chose chosen
forget(忘记) forgot forgotten (forgot) speak(说，讲) spoke spoken
wake(醒) woke woke drive(驾驶) drove driven
eat(吃) ate eaten fall(落下) fell fallen
give(给) gave given rise(升高) rose risen
take(取) took taken mistake(弄错) mistook mistaken
ride(骑) rode ridden write(写) wrote written
do(做) did done go(去) went gone
lie(平躺) lay lain see(看见) saw seen
wear (穿) wore worn
用法1：catch作“懂得”“理解”“听来”解时,多用于否定句,有时也可以用于疑惑句。
用法2：catch at的意思是“设法抓住”,并不掩饰抓住与否。catch on表示“变得流行,抓住,懂得”等, catch out表示“远足不在”“抓住短处”, catch up with表示“赶上”“补上”“抓住”“带到不良后果”。
用法3：在表示“赶上火车”时,英国人用catch a train; 美国人则用make a train。
He shrank cringingly to one side.
他卑躬屈膝地退缩到一边。
In 15 of the 50 states, it shrank.
50个州中有15个都出现负增长。
The suit has shrunk out of shape.
那套衣服缩得走了样。
The dress must have shrunk.
肯定是裙子缩水了。
The moonlight made deep black shadows in the shrunken cheeks.
月光照在凹下去的脸颊上，形成深深的.黑影。
The analysis on shrunken cause of dome roof oil tank is made.
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