英语口译练习资料（推荐5篇）
Your Honor Mr.Mayor, My Chinese friends, Ladies and Gentlemen，I feel honored to come here on my first visit to your beautiful city.On behalf of all the members of my mission(使团、代表团), I would like to take this opportunity to express our sincere thanks to our host for their earnest invitation and gracious hospitality we have received since we set foot on this charming land.I am also very happy that this visit has given me an excellent opportunity to convey to you and to the people of Shanghai warm greetings and sincere good wishes of the government and people of my country.Although we live with a distance of thousands of miles between us, “Long distance separates no bosom friends,” as one of your Tang poets said.市长先生阁下，中国朋友们，女士们先生们：
这是我首次访问你们这座美丽的城市，我为此深感荣幸。我愿借此机会，代表我们代表团的全体成员，向我们东道主的诚挚邀请，对我们一踏上这块充满魅力的土地便受到的友好款待，向东道主表示真诚的感谢。与此同时，我很高兴这次访问给予我一次极好的机会，向市长先生和上海人民转达我国政府和人民的热烈问候和诚挚的良好祝愿。虽然我们远隔万里，但贵国唐朝的一位诗人说得好，“海内存知己，天涯若比邻。”
Last but not least, I would like to extend in person our official invitation to the mayor of Shanghai.We would like His Honor to visit our city at his earliest convenience, so as to give us an opportunity to return the warm reception and hospitality we enjoy here.最后，我此行的又一项重要任务是向上海市长面呈来访我市的正式邀请，希望市长阁下在其方便的时候尽早访问我市，以便使我们能有机会来回报我们在这里受到的热情款待。
篇2 外宾答谢
外宾答谢1 Mr.Prime Minister and all of your distinguished guests this evening，On behalf of all of your American guests, I wish to thank you for the incomparable hospitality for which the Chinese people are justly famous throughout the world // I particularly want to pay tribute，not only to those who prepared the magnificent dinner，but also to those who have provided the splendid music.Never have I heard American music played better in a foreign land.//
外宾答谢2
Mr.Prime Minister, I wish to thank you for your very gracious and eloquent remarks.At this very moment，through the wonder of telecommunications, more people are seeing and hearing what we say than on any other such occasions in the whole history of the world.// Yet, what we say here here will not be long remembered.What we do here can change the world.//
篇3 21世纪的中国
主题导入：爱尔兰企贸部长马丁在科克大学举办的“21世纪的中国”国际研讨会上的致辞。Lord Mayor, President Murphy, Ambassadors, Professors, Ladies and Gentlemen，I would like to extend a very warm welcome to you all today.// And I want to say what a great pleasure it is to open this very singular Conference on China in the 21st Century in my beloved alma mater and in Cork, my home place.// Uniquely on this occasion, we are honored also to welcome our friends from the great and ancient land of China, including the distinguished former Ambassador to Ireland Shah Hilan and scholars of international renown from China’s foremost Universities.// I am also delighted to welcome world-acclaimed representatives from the academic, sporting, cultural, legal and business sectors – a veritable United Nations of excellence – from France, Germany, Great Britain, United States, Sweden, Norway, Switzerland, Iceland and Indonesia.// China, the most vibrant and discerning market in the world, will continue to be a key target for Irish companies.And let the record show, that this Cork International Conference on China in the 21st Century marked a renewed impetus in the relationship between our two countries.// I warmly welcome this ground-breaking conference and I congratulate the organizers in bringing this to fruition.I would like to conclude by thanking everyone for attending the Conference and again express my personal thanks to all who come from afar.// I wish you a successful conference and a fruitful outcome to your deliberations.Thank you.//
篇4 新加坡总理欢迎温家宝总理
欢迎温总理1 Your Excellency Premier Wen, Distinguished guest, Ladies and Gentlemen, Let me extend a very warm welcome to Premier Wen and his delegation to Singapore.// I am glad to have this opportunity to reciprocate the warm hospitality I received during my first official trip to China in 2005.//
欢迎温总理2 Singapore’s bilateral economic linkages with China are strong and growing.Trade and investment flows are large and increasing rapidly.Many Singaporeans have set up businesses in China and serve the Chinese market.// At the same time, many Chinese businesses are coming to Singapore.We are home to more than 2,500 companies from China, with 100 listed on the Singapore Exchange.//
欢迎温总理3 Meanwhile, people-to-people exchanges are also growing in both directions, facilitated by unlimited number of flights between Singapore and any city in China.// Distinguished guests, ladies and gentlemen, may I now invite you to rise and join me in a toast to the good health and success of His Excellency Premier Wen Jiabao, to the peace and prosperity of China, and to the enduring friendship between our contries.//
篇5 告别晚宴
告别晚宴1 Dear Mr.Johnson, First of all, on behalf of the company, I congratulate you on your successful business trip.Your company is a world-class business.We are much honored to be your parener.We will sustain our rigorous management to ensure the qualitu of our products in accordance with the terms for time of delivery,quality and quantity.尊敬的Johnson先生：
首先，我代表本公司，对您此次的考察活动取得圆满成功表示热烈的祝贺！//
贵公司是业内知名的世界级企业，我们很高兴能有这个机会与您合作。我们将一如既往地加强生产管理，保证产品质量，优先满足贵公司的订单，按时按质量地完成生产计划，不断深化我们之间的合作。
告别晚宴2 Tomorrow you will leave Zhejiang province.We cherish this limited time with you.But our friendship will be ever-lasting.As a Chinese saying goes, “a bosom friend from after brings a distangt lang near”.We are looking forward to your mext visit to Zhejiang.We believe our partanership will continue to shtrengthen in the future.Now, I wish Mr.Johnson a smooth journey and all the best of luck in the future.明天，您就要离开浙江，踏上回国的行程了。在即将分别得时刻，我们的心情依依不舍，大家相处的时间是短暂的，但我们之间的友好情谊是长久的。// 中国有句古话讲得好，“海内存知己，天涯若比邻”，我们期待您在方便的时候再次来浙江做客，相信我们之间的合作会日益加强！//
最后，祝Johnson先生一路顺风，万事如意！//
篇6 鲍威尔致辞
主题导入：美国前国务卿鲍威尔在欢迎温家宝总理宴会上的讲话节选。
Good evening, ladies and gentlemen, and welcome to the State Department.// Mr.Premier, I welcome you to the State Department this evening, and I think it’s useful to let everybody know that you and I have one thing very much in common, even though we are just meeting for the first time, we are both geologists.// You actually went off and practiced geology.All I ever did was hiding behind rocks during my military career.// Mr.Premier, I know that the President is looking forward very much to your meeting tomorrow in the White House, where you and he will have many important issues to discuss.// But this evening here at the State Department is an opportunity for us to relax, to get to know one another, and to extend to you and your party some of Washington’s hospitality.// Mr.Premier, if, as the Chinese proverb says, a thousand-mile journey begins with the first step, then we’re well on our way to building a productive relationship between our two great countries.// And so I would like to propose a toast to the Premier, and to our Chinese colleagues: To the continued advancement of relations between the United States and China,// to a bright future four our nations and our neighbors, and to the work ahead of us to build a secure, prosperous and peaceful world!Ganbei!//
篇7 新年宴会致辞
主题导入：某公司领导在新年宴会上的致辞。亲爱的来宾、女士们、先生们，你们好！
值此新年即将来到之际，我谨代表销售班子，向长期以来支持和关心公司工作的领导致以美好的祝愿和深深的感谢！向支持我们业务的国内外合作伙伴致以新年的祝福！向公司全体员工及家属致以诚挚的慰问！祝大家新年快乐，身体健康!// 即将过去的2007年，是公司保持良好发展势头的一年。一年里，我们通过积极推进代理商制度，构建了和谐团队，使整个企业生产赢利及行业内地位得到了大大的提高。// 回顾一年来的工作，我们前进的道路上离不开领导的关心爱护，离不开兄弟单位和业务伙伴的理解支持，更离不开公司全体同仁的努力奋斗。在此，我代表公司销售班子向所有同志们表示崇高的敬意和诚挚的感谢！// 新的一年开启新的希望，新的历程承载新的梦想。2008年，正是我们创造梦想、扬帆起航的关键之年，我们将以更积极地态度，更真诚的服务，为公司开拓更美好的未来。谢谢大家！//
新年宴会1 Distinguished guests, ladies and gentlemen, good evening!On this New Year’s Eve, on behalf of our sales team.I would like to extend our best wishes and sincere thanks to all our executive managers for their constant guidance and support.Our regards also go to the clients from home and abroad, to the company’s colleagues and their families.We wish you all happy new year and good health!
新年宴会2 Year 2007 saw a remarkable progress in our company.In 2007 we dramatically increased pur profits and lifted our status in the industry by developing a united team of agents.We would never have made such an achievement if there were not support from our executives, understanding from parents and joint efforts from all colleagues.Soonce again, a big thank-you to all our friends.A new year means new hope, a new journey, a new dream.2008 is a key year for us to begin this new journey towards our dream.With great energy and dedication, we are determined to create a more beautiful future.Thank you!
套语翻译及背诵
致欢迎词
尊敬的Johnston先生，尊敬的各位美国朋友，女士们，先生们：
今天，非常荣幸也非常高兴在这里设宴欢迎David Johnston先生以及美国友好代表团一行。// 中国有句古话：“有朋自远方来，不亦悦乎。”所以首先让我代表浙江省委、省政府和浙江人民，向我们远道而来的各位贵宾表示热烈的欢迎。// 我相信友好代表团的此行一定能够进一步增进相互了解，加深友谊，推进双方在经贸、教育等领域展开更为深入和广泛的合作。
最后，我祝代表团的所有朋友浙江之行愉快！// 在此，让我们共同举杯，祝此次访问圆满成功！祝我们的友谊地久天长！谢谢。
Respected Mr.Johnston, Distinguished American guest, Ladies and Gentlemen: It’s my great honor and pleasure to hold this banquet in honor of Mr.Johnston and all American friends in the Good-Will Delegation.An ancient saying in China goes that it is such a delight to meet friends coming afar.So, hereby, on behalf of Zhejiang Provincial Government and our people, I would like to extend our warm welcome to our American friends.I am convinced that your visit to Zhejiang will deepen our understanding, enhance friendship between our people and promote more extensive cooperation in economy, trade, education and other fields.In closing, I will all of you a pleasant stay in Zhejiang!May I have the honor of inviting you to join me in a toast? To the success of this visit!To the ever-lasting friendship between us!Thanks!
套语翻译及背诵
致感谢词
Governor Li, distinguished guests, our Chinese friends, ladies and gentlemen, It is a special honor for me to have this opportunity to speak on behalf of all the members of our delegation.First of all, I would like to express our sincere thanks to Governor Li for inviting us, and all the hard work you’ve done to the arrangement of our visit.We are also grateful for such a marvelous dinner tonight.// Every member of our delegation and I hope that we shall enjoy the friendly contact and exchanges in the following days.We are convinced that this visit will surely help enhance the understanding and friendship between us.// I am very impressed by the hospitality and warmth we have received here.You must have had a very busy time making all the preparations, which deserves our sincere appreciation.// I hope that Mr.Li and other Chinese friends will be able to visit our country in the future, so that we will have the opportunity to return some of your kindness as a host.// We are convinced that our cooperation will become more extensive through frequent mutual visits and exchanges.Now, we are making the first step.Well begun is half done, as we said.So this visit will pave the way for our further cooperation.// In closing, I would like to invite you to join me in a toast.To the friendship between us!To the health of our Chinese friends!Cheers!Thank you.李省长，各位嘉宾，中国朋友们，女士们，先生们：
非常荣幸代表我们代表团的所有成员上台致词。首先我要向李省长表达我们衷心的谢意，谢谢您的邀请，也感谢你们为我们此次浙江之行所做的精心准备。我们也非常感谢你们今晚为我们准备得如此丰盛的晚宴。我以及代表团的所有成员都衷心希望在接下来的几天中能和我们的中国朋友进行友好的交流。我们相信此次的浙江之行一定能增进我们之间的理解和友谊。
你们的盛情款待和悉心安排让我难以忘怀。你们一定为此忙碌准备多时，在此我们再次表示感谢。我也期望李省长和我们的中国朋友能来美国访问，这样我们就有机会回馈你们的盛情款待。我相信随着双方频繁的互访，我们的合作一定会更加深入广泛，现在我们就迈出了第一步。俗话说，好的开始就是成功的一半，那么我们此次的浙江之行也将为我们今后进一步合作奠定基础，开辟道路。
第一, 教科书中提供的典型对话 (Sample Dialogues) 内容过长且部分内容过于陌生, 与学生日常习惯差别过大。
第二, 教科书中提供的用于形成新的对话的提示信息 (Cues) 词汇过于生硬, 部分情境与学生的生活经历不相符合, 学生无法畅所欲言。
第三, 由于学生必须谈论非亲身经历的话题, 因此, 学生感到课堂有些枯燥, 并逐渐形成被动学习的习惯。
第四, 教师习惯性地让学生两人或三人一组就所规定的同一话题或情境编排新的对话, 学生逐渐形成了在所规定的一段时间 (如十分钟) 内逐字逐句地创造对话的不良习惯, 从而使教师和学生再度陷入新的教和学的尴尬局面。
面对上述问题, 笔者经过思考和多次课堂实验, 以及与外籍教师进行讨论和合作教学后, 发现教师可以通过围绕以学生切身经历为中心的生活情境展开的, 采用融入口译的新的练习形式, 激发学生口头表达的兴趣, 调动学生参与活动的积极性, 并帮助学生树立学习和使用英语的自信心。在此, 笔者将以一堂口语训练课为例, 集中说明这种练习形式的展开过程。
首先, 针对谈话主题“疾病” (Illness) , 与学生一起讨论并列出说明疾病的常见词汇和描述所患疾病的常用句型, 如:Ihave a rash.I feel like vomit.等。
其次, 在教师作出示范后, 让学生在没有时间准备的情况下, 随意运用句型讲述自己曾经身患各种疾病的经历。
再次, 在初步的练习基础上, 让学生回想并谈论自己到医院看病, 与医生交谈的经历。
最后, 让学生以三人为一组 (第一位学生为病人, 第二位为医生, 第三位为翻译人员) 重现各自的看病经历, 并且严格遵守练习规则:三人轮流扮演三个不同角色, 病人只能讲汉语, 医生只能讲英语, 而翻译人员必须保证在他的语言诠释过程中病人与医生的交流不会产生误解。
在三人一组的练习过程中, 几乎全部学生都能够全心投入并将对话演绎地淋漓尽致。以下是笔者记录的其中一则对话:
(一位俨然一副病态的女士躬腰与她的翻译一同走向医生)
病人:哎吆, 大夫呀, 你快看看我吧, 我好难受呀!
翻译:Doctor, please have a look at me, I feel so bad.
医生:Ok, Let me see.Howdo you feel then?
翻译:你感觉如何?
病人:我觉得头好难受, 这儿也难受 (病人捂着胸口) , 浑身都难受。
翻译:Her head feels bad, so is her chest.And she feels very bad.
医生:Do you feel hot?
翻译:你发烧吗?
病人:恩, 我觉得头烫, 胳膊也烫, 全身都烫, 但又觉得浑身发冷。我这是怎么了, 大夫?
翻译:Her body feels very hot, but also cold.So what’s wrong with her?
医生:Ok, let me take her temperature.
翻译:医生要给你量体温。
病人:好。
医生:Oh, you are running a high temperature.You need have a rest for a fewdays, and take some medicine.
翻译:你发高烧了。你得好好休息几天, 再吃点药。
病人:哦, 知道了, 大夫。
翻译:She gets it, doctor.
医生:There is nothing serious.Don’t worry.You’ll be better soon.
翻译:别担心, 没什么大事, 很快就会好的,
病人:谢谢大夫, 再见。
翻译:Thank you, doctor.Goodbye.
医生:Goodbye, Miss.
经过几次课堂实践后, 笔者在学生中进行了调查并收集整理了较为典型的学生反馈意见。学生的反馈大致如下所述:
第一, 在这样的活动中, 学生的大脑始终处于高速运转中, 大多数学生不会走神。
第二, 这种训练活动有助于加深对句型的记忆和对英语习惯的了解, 并有助于纠正自身使用中国式英语的不良习惯。
第三, 这种训练形式有助于让学生喜欢用英语表达自己的生活和思想, 完全没有枯燥无味的感觉。
对于学生在学习中所遇到的各种问题, 笔者通过采取上述训练形式进行多次课堂实践, 以及随后对学生各种反馈意见进行收集整理, 笔者对这一语言训练方式充满信心。
最后, 作为英语教师队伍中的一员, 笔者有下列几条建议, 供大家参考:
第一, 教师在教学过程中, 不应受到教材的控制, 而应该根据自己所教学生群的特点 (学生的性格、学生学习英语的动机、学生的英语基础知识等) 对教材所提供的素材和练习加以修整, 大胆理性地寻找并制定出适合自身所教学生的教学资料, 包括教学目的, 教学内容, 教学方法和主要教学活动形式等。
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Children start out as natural scientists，eager to look into the world around them.Helping them enjoy science can be easy;there’s no need for a lot of scientific terms or expensive lab equipment.You only have to share your children’s curiosity.Firstly，listen to their questions.I once visited a classroom of seven-year-olds to talk about science as a job.The children asked me “textbook questions” about schooling，salary and whether I liked my job.When I finished answering，we sat facing one another in silence.Finally I said，“Now that we’re finished with do you have questions of your own about science？”
After a long pause，a boy raised his hand，“Have you ever seen a grasshopper(蚱蜢)eat? When I try eating leaves like that，I get a stomachache.Why？”
This began a set of questions that lasted nearly two hours.Secondly，give them time to think.Studies over the past 30 years have shown that，after asking a question，adults typically wait only one second or less for an answer，no time for a child to think.When adults increase their “wait time” to three seconds or more，children give more logical，complete and creative answers.Thirdly，watch your language.Once you have a child involved in a science discussion，don’t jump in with “That’s right” or “Very good”．These words work well when it comes to encouraging good behavior.But in talking about science，quick praise can signal that discussion is over.Instead，keep things going by saying “That’s interesting” or “I’d never thought of it that way before”，or coming up with more questions or ideas.Never push a child to “Think”．It doesn’t make sense，children are always thinking，without your telling them to.What’s more，this can turn a conversation into a performance.The child will try to find the answer you want，in as few words as possible，so that he will be a smaller target for your disagreement.Lastly，show;don’t tell.Real-life impressions of nature are far more impressive than any lesson children can learn from a book or a television program.Let children look at their fingertips through a magnifying glass(放大镜)，and they’ll understand why you want them to wash before dinner.Rather than saying that water evaporates(蒸发)，set a pot of water to boil and let them watch the water level drop.1．According to the passage，children are natural scientists，and to raise their interest，the most important thing for adults to do is ________.A．to let them see the world around
B．to share the children’s curiosity
C．to explain difficult phrases about science
D．to supply the children with lab equipment
答案 B
解析 细节理解题。根据文章第一段第三句可推知此题的答案为B项。
2．In the last sentence of the first paragraph，the word “lists” could best be replaced by ________.A．any questions
B．any problems
C．questions from textbooks
D．any number of questions
答案 C
解析 推理判断题。根据文章第一段第六句可推知此题的答案为C项。
3．According to the passage，children can answer questions in a more logical，complete and creative way if adults ________.A．ask them to answer quickly
B．wait for one or two seconds after a question
C．tell them to answer the next day
D．wait at least for three seconds after a question
答案 D
解析 推理判断题。根据文章第四段最后一句可推知此题的答案为D项。
4．In which of the following paragraph(s)does the author tell us what to say to encourage children in a science discussion?
A．The second and third.B．The fourth and fifth.C．The fifth and sixth.D．The seventh.答案 C
解析 细节理解题。根据问题的内容可在文章的第五、六段找到答案。
5．The author mentions all of the following techniques for adults to share with their children’s curiosity except that adults should ________.A．tell their children stories instead of reciting(背诵)facts
B．offer their children chances to see things for themselves
C．be patient enough when their children answer questions
D．encourage their children to ask questions of their own
答案 A
解析 推理判断题。根据文章内容：从第四段排除C项；从文章前三段的内容排除D项；从第七段排除B项。从而可推知答案为A项。
B
“Sesame Street” has been called “the longest street in the world”．That is because the
television program by that name can now be seen in so many parts of the world.That program became one of American’s exports soon after it went on the air in New York in 1969.In the United States more than six million children watch the program regularly.The viewers include more than half the nation’s pre-school children，from every kind of economic，racial，and geographical group.Although some educators object to certain elements in the program，parents praise it highly.Many teachers also consider it a great help，though some teachers find that problems arise when first graders who have learned from “Sesame Street” are in the same class with children who have not watched the program.Tests have shown that children from all racial，geographical，and economic backgrounds have benefited from watching it.Those who watch it five times a week learn more than occasional viewers.In the US the program is shown at different hours during the week in order to increase the number of children who can watch it regularly.The programs all use songs，stories，jokes，and pictures to give children a basic understanding of numbers，letters and human relationships.But there are some differences.For example，the Spanish program，produced in Mexico City，devotes more time to teaching whole words than to teaching separate letters.Why has “Sesame Street” been so much more successful than other children’s shows? Many reasons have been suggested.People mention the educational theories of its creators，the support by the government and private businesses，and the skillful use of a variety of TV tricks.Perhaps an equally important reason is that mothers watch it along with their children.This is partly because famous adult stars often appear on it.But the best reason for the success of the program may be that it makes every child watching feel able to learn.The child finds himself learning，and he wants to learn more.A．a street in the US6．“Sesame Street” is actually ________.B．a program for children
C．a program for teachers
D．a program for students
答案 B
解析 细节理解题。根据文章第二段第一句可推知此题答案为B项。
7．Children who often watch the program ________.A．can have problems in school
B．will find it a great help
C．will take no interest in their studies
D．will be well educated
答案 B
解析 推理判断题。根据文章第四段第一句可推知此题答案为B项。
8．What is special about the program?
A．It offers great fun.B．It makes children feel able to learn.C．It is shown at different hours during the week.D．Children learn and enjoy themselves while watching.答案 D
解析 推理判断题。根据文章第五段第一句可推知此题答案为D项。
9．Why is “Sesame Street” so popular in the world?
A．Because it is supported by the government and businesses.B．Because it uses a variety of skillful tricks.C．Because mothers watch it along with their children.D．Because it makes every child watching it feel able to learn.答案 D
解析 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段倒数第二句可推知此题答案为D项。
10．The best title for this passage can be ________.A．TV Programs
C．Sesame Street
答案 C
解析 标题归纳题。本文主要介绍电视节目Sesame Street所产生的影响及它成功的原因，所以选C项。
Ⅱ.微写作
写作素材
1．我们的未来由很多事情决定，例如机遇、贵人相助等。
2．但是我们自己的态度、决心与勤奋起着更重要的作用。
3．也就是说，我们的未来由我们自己做主。
(素材来源于2012·浙江·书面表达)
提示：尽量使用高级表达：such as；in other words等。
连句成篇(将以上句子连成一篇50词左右的英语短文)
Our future is determined by many things，such as opportunities and others’ help，but our own attitude，determination and hard work play a more important role.In other words，we are the
master of our own future.1．curiosity n．好奇 curious adj.好奇的 be curious about对„„好奇 out of curiosity出于好奇
2．target n．靶子；目标 on target准确命中 off target未准确命中 set a target订目标 meet a target达到目标
3．look into向„„里看；调查 look on旁观 look up to尊敬；敬仰 look down on轻视 looksb.in the eye直视某人 B．Educating Children D．A Great Success
4．object to反对 with the object of带着„„的目的5．The child will try to find the answer you want，in as few words as possible，so that he will be a smaller target for your disagreement.句中so that引导目的状语从句，主句中you want为省去关系代词which/that的定语从句。学会一种单词记忆法
9．联系记忆：记忆单词最好不要孤立地记，尽可能地和有关的东西联系来记。(1)联系所学的文章大概意义，联系上下文，(2)联系短语和搭配。
10．感官记忆：记单词时，不要只用一种感官，尽可能地用多个感官，耳听、嘴读、手写、眼看、心记等。
如何做词义猜测题？
这种类型的问题重点考察的不是学生词汇量的多少，而是考查学生是否具有利用语境线索推测和判断单词词义的能力。如本节A篇第2题要求考生判断lists的意义，list对许多同学来说可能不是生词，但它考查的是在本篇文章中的具体意义，这就要结合上下文语境来推断，而不仅仅是利用原有的自己头脑中的对该词所掌握的意义来确定。参考文章第一段第六句The children asked me “textbook questions”就可推知此题的正确答案。
下面介绍几种方法：
1．注意that is，this is，in other words，namely，that means等过渡词直接引出的同义解释；
2．注意and，not only...but also，besides，similarly，likewise，in the same way等过渡词引出的相同或类似的意思；
3．注意生词前后的but，however，while，on the contrary等过渡词引出的对立关系；
4．注意for example，such as，a case in point is等过渡词引出具体例子来说明或阐述；
5．注意生词前后标点符号所暗示的语义关系。例如：冒号引出具体说明或例子，分号引出类似或对立的观点，破折号引出同位语等；
6．注意修饰生词的同义词、反义词、定语从句、同位语或独立句；
?Architecture is to building as literature is to the printed word. The best buildings are often so well constructed that they outlast their original use. They then survive not only as beautiful objects, but as documents of the history of cultures. These achievements are never wholly the work of individuals. Architecture is a social art.
The renaissance brought about an entirely new age, not only in philosophy and literature but in the visual arts as well. In architecture, the principles and styles of ancient Greece and Rome were brought back to life and reinterpreted. They remain dominant until the 20th century.
Many kinds of stone are used as building materials. Stone and marble were chosen for important monuments because they are not burnable and can be expected to endure. Stone architecture was often blended with stone sculpture. The use of stone has declined, however, because a number of other materials are more adaptable to industrial use.
The complexity of modern life calls for a variety of building. More people live in mass housing and go to work in large office buildings; they spend their income in large shopping centers, send their children to many different kinds of schools, and when they are sick they go to specialized hospitals and clinics. All theses different types of buildings accumulated experiences needed by their designers.
By the middle of the 20th century, modern architecture, which was influenced by new technology and mass production, was dealing with increasingly complex social needs. Important characteristics of modern architectural works are expanses of glass and the use of reinforced concrete. Advances in elevator technology, air conditioning, and electric lighting have all had important effects.
EXERCISE:
1. Paragraph 2_____________.
2. Paragraph 3_____________.
3. Paragraph 4_____________.
4. Paragraph 5_____________.
A Building materials
B Need of greater building varieties in modern life
C Restoration of ancient civilizations
D Evolution in style
E factors affecting modern architecture
F A social art
5.Some buildings are so well constructed that they are not only useful______.
6.Ancient Greek and Roman architectural styles, which were restored during renaissance, were still influential _____.
7. As modern life becomes more complex, people have to put up many different kinds of buildings _____.
8. The use of new building materials and the introduction of such new technology as the elevator and the air-conditioner have played an important role ______.
A to meet their needs
B but also beautiful to look at
C in the development of modern architecture
D to design more buildings
E even in the 20th century
F to outlast their original use
KEY: C A B E B E A C
PASSAGE 21
How to Argue with Your Boss
?Before you argue with your boss, check with the boss#39;s secretary to determine his mood. If he ate nails for breakfast, it is not a good idea to ask him for something. Even without the boss#39;s secretary, they are keys to timing: don#39;t approach the boss when he#39;s on deadline; don#39;t go in right before lunch, when he is apt to be distracted and rushed; don#39;t go in just before or after he has taken a vacation.
If you#39;re mad, that will only make your boss mad. Calm down first. And don#39;t let a particular concern open the floodgates for all your accumulated frustration. The boss will feel that you think negatively about the company and it is hopeless trying to change your mind. Then, maybe he will dismiss you.
Terrible disputes can result when neither the employer nor the employee knows what is the problem the other wants to discuss. Sometimes the fight will go away when the issues are made clear. The employee has to get his point across clearly in order to make the boss understand it.
Your boss has enough on his mind without your adding more. If you can#39;t put forward an immediate solution, at least suggest how to approach the problem. People who frequently present problems without solutions to their bosses may soon find they can#39;t get past the secretary.
To deal effectively with a boss, it#39;s important to consider his goals and pressures. If you can put yourself in the position of being a partner to the boss, then he will be naturally more inclined to work with you to achieve your goals.
EXERCISE:
1. Paragraph 2____
2. Paragraph 3____
3. Paragraph 4____
4. Paragraph 5____
A Keep your voice low all the time
B Put yourself in the boss#39;s position
C Propose your solution
D Don#39;t go in when you are angry
E Make the issue clear
F Never give in
5. If you want to ask the boss for anything, it is important to find out first ______.
6. It is necessary to make clear to the boss _____.
7. It is not wise to present the boss with a problem _____.
8. You must be considerate and think of the troubles _____.
A to give the boss your advice
B how he is feeling
C the boss may have
D what you really want to talk to him about
E without suggesting a way to solve it F how unhappy you are
F how unhappy you are
通訳訓練方法
翻译训练法不仅可以提高翻译能力，而且对于日语学习者来说，还可以有效的提高我们的汉语和日语的综合能力。1跟读(シャドーウイング)所谓跟读，根据字面意思就是像影子一样学别人说话，方法是一边听别人说的话，在1-2秒钟之后，一边以同样的语调和速度进行出声模仿练习。跟读是一个需要高度注意力的非常严格的训练方法。要做好跟读需要注意的是： 1)首先对跟读内容要理解
2)在跟读时注意原声资料里话语中的停顿与话语的强弱
2复述（リプロダクション）
将听到的语言按照原样进行重复的训练
我们在进行练习时，先从复述一个词汇，短语开始，再不断进行扩大延长到一个长句子。复述是强化我们记忆力的一个不可或缺的重要训练。
3视译（サイト・トラスレーション）
视译是一种常见的翻译形式，就是一边看原文一边出声翻译出译文的翻译形式 会议常采用这种翻译形式，也是非常好的练习方法。
还有一种称为“音读视译”的方法，就是将原文用较慢的语速读出来，接下来眼睛离开原文把原文出声的翻译出来。
第一课
東京案内
キーワード
原宿（はらじゅく）
竹下通り（たけしたどおり）秋葉原（あきはばら）賑わう おしゃれな 雑貨
オープンカフェ 軒を連ねる
一見（いっけん）
雑然とした（ざつぜん）いわゆる 原宿らしさ 裏原宿
情報をキャッチする 電気街
アニメ・コミック専門店 フィギャア
ゲーム関連専門店 オタクの聖地 歩行者天国 コスプレ
新宿案内
それでは、新宿の地図を使って、皆様に新宿をご案内いたします。新宿駅は一日に３５０万人が乗降する日本の一のターミナル駅です。駅構内の人の多さと混雑は東京駅を凌ぎ、初めて新宿駅を訪ねた人は人の多さにまず異様な雰囲気を感ずるでしょう。
地盤が堅固で高台にある新宿駅は駅構内の地下が開発され、地下道と地下街が発達しています。
“新宿駅”といっても各線のホームは構内外の周辺に散在し、各線共に新宿駅と称しているので不馴れの人にとっては地下道で戸惑います。歩いているうちに東西南北の方角が全く分からなくなることもあります。
新宿の大開発が行われて、最初に建築された高層ビルは京王プラザでした。その次々と高層ビルができ、一躍新宿が日本一の高層ビル街となりましたが、なかでもビッグトピックスになったのは東京都庁でした。
東京駅の東口と西口を結ぶ地下通路は新宿３丁目方面から東京都庁辺りまでと、歌舞伎町界隈までを一帯にする大規模な地下街となっています。
歌舞伎の界隈は飲食店と風俗店が密集しており、夜通し賑わっています。裏路地を一人歩きをすると昼間でも客引きに声をかけられることがあるので、間違わないように注意して歩きましょう。
西口正面の一角にある電化製品の格安量販店は“ヨドバシカメラ”本店です。カマラ、パソコン、オーディオ、家庭電化製品の販売でヨドバシ＝淀橋の名前を全国に知られています。電化製品を買い求めたい方はぜひ寄ってみてください。
南口側に高島屋、東急百貨店、紀伊国屋、レストラン街があり、ショッピングとグルメが楽しめます。
乗降：じょうこう 上下车 ターミナル： 交通枢纽 凌ぐ：しのぐ 超过，凌驾 地盤：じばん 地盘，地面 堅固：けんご 坚固
高台：たかだい 高台，高地 構内：こうない 建筑物内部 散在：さんざい 分散在 不馴れ：ぶなれ 不熟悉
戸惑う：とまどう 迷惑，找不到头绪 方角：ほうがく 方向
京王プラザ：けいおうプラザ 京王购物广场 一躍：いちやく 一跃 トピック： 话题
歌舞伎町：くぶきちょう 歌舞伎町 界隈：かいわい 一带 夜通し：よどおし 彻夜 裏路地：うらろじ 小巷
客引き：きゃくひき 拉客的人 格安：かくやす 低价格
量販店：りょうはんてん 量贩店 高島屋：たかしまや 高岛屋百货店 東急：とうきゅう 东急百货店
紀伊国屋：きのくにや 纪伊国屋（书店）
大连导游 学习要点：
1学习导游的基础知识
2如何翻译固有名词和简称
大家早晨好，我叫刘小宇，是今天的导游。今天我们一起游览旅顺和大连，希望大家能度过一个愉快的周末。请多关照。
首先为大家介绍一下今天的日程。我们上午去旅顺的著名景点203高地，大约需要一个小时车程。在那里大概呆一个小时，然后我们返回市内，中午在星海广场的“星海渔港海鲜酒店”就餐，然后在星海广场散步一个小时。下午2点半左右出发沿着滨海路观赏北大桥，老虎滩等大连的海景，4点左右返回宾馆。全程大约需要6个小时。
大家请往右边看，现在我们经过大连火车站，最早是日本设计师设计，据说和上野车站的风格比较相似。虽然经过几次改造，但外观仍保留了原来的设计风格。从这里可以乘火车到达北京、哈尔滨、长春等城市。火车的条件非常好，如果列车旅行感兴趣的朋友，可以尝试一下。
现在我们进入中山路，和中国的许都城市一样，中山路是大连的主干道。道路两旁栽种着巨大的法国梧桐树，这些树的树龄都有几十年了。日本也可以经常看到这样的树吗？
现在左边看到的是星海广场，据说这里是亚洲最大的广场。是大连有代表性的景点，20年之前，这里是一片滩涂，也是从事海带和裙带菜养殖的地方。现在全部进行了填埋建设了很多展览馆、办公楼和高级饭店，每年都举办很多国际展览会及大型商务演出活动。这些活动有很多是和日本相关的，有很多日本朋友来参加。周末等假日，大连人很喜欢在广场上散步，中午在这里请大家品尝大连海鲜。
现在我们左侧经过的是海星公园，这是大连著名的海滨公园和海水浴场。即使冬天也有冬泳爱好者在游泳。道路右边的有轨电车是大连具有代表性的交通工具，这条电车线路也有70多年的历史了，由于大连的发展现在长度比10年前延伸了2倍。
我们看到右边有很多新的建筑，这就是大连的高新技术产业园区。园区建设始于1996年，主要是软件外包业和生物工程和动漫产业等2000多家企业在这里投资，在这10多年取得了很大的发展，现在正在进行第二期工程的建设和招商。
现在我们已经进入了旅顺口区，马上就要到达203高地景点了，现在是9点50分，下车后是自由参观，1小时之后，也就是11点在停车场集合，希望大家遵守时间。（中略）
