历年考研英语翻译精解

2024-06-05 版权声明 我要投稿

历年考研英语翻译精解

历年考研英语翻译精解 篇1

(31)One difficulty is that almost all of what is called behavioral science continues to trace behavior to states of mind, feelings, traits of character, human nature, and so on.(32)The behavioral sciences have been slow to change partly because the explanatory items often seem to be directly observed and partly because other kinds of explanations have been hard to find.(33)The role of natural selection in evolution was formulated only a little more than a hundred years ago, and the selective role of the environment in shaping and maintaining the behavior of the individual is only beginning to be recognized and studied.(34)They are the possessions of the autonomous(self-governing)man of traditional theory, and they are essential to practices in which a person is held responsible for his conduct and given credit for his achievements.(35)Until these issues are resolved, a technology of behavior will continue to be rejected, and with it possibly the only way to solve our problems.2003年英译汉试题

(36)Furthermore, humans have the ability to modify the environment in which they live, thus subjecting all other life forms to their own peculiar ideas and fancies.(37)Social science is that branch of intellectual enquiry which seeks to study humans and their endeavors in the same reasoned, orderly, systematic, and dispassioned manner that natural scientists use for the study of natural phenomena.(38)The emphasis on data gathered first-hand, combined with a cross-cultural perspective brought to the analysis of cultures past and present, makes this study a unique and distinctly important social science.(39)Tylor defined culture as “...that complex whole which includes belief, art, morals, law, custom, and any other capabilities and habits acquired by man as a member of society.”

(40)Thus, the anthropological concept of “culture," like the concept of “set” in mathematics, is an abstract concept which makes possible immense amounts of concrete research and understanding.2004年英译汉试题

(41)The Greeks assumed that the structure of language had some connection with the process of thought, which took root in Europe long before people realized how diverse languages could be.(42)We are obliged to them because some of these languages have since vanished, as the peoples who spoke them died out or became assimilated and lost their native languages.(43)The newly described languages were often so strikingly different from the well studied languages of Europe and Southeast Asia that some scholars even accused Boas and Sapir of fabricating their data.1

(44)Being interested in the relationship of language and thought, Whorf developed the idea that the structure of language determines the structure of habitual thought ma society.(45)Whorf came to believe in a sort of linguistic determinism which, in its strongest form, states that language imprisons the mind, and that the grammatical patterns in a language can produce far-reaching consequences for the culture of a society.2005年英译汉试题

(46)Television is one of the means by which these feelings are created and conveyed--and perhaps never before has it served so much to connect different peoples and nations as in the recent events in Europe.(47)In Europe, as elsewhere, multi-media groups have been increasingly successful: groups which bring together television, radio newspapers, magazines and publishing houses that work in relation to one another.(48)This alone demonstrates that the television business is not an easy world to survive in, a fact underlined by statistics that show that out of eighty European television networks no less than 50% took a loss in 1989.(49)Creating a “European identity” that respects the different cultures and traditions which go to make up the connecting fabric of the Old Continent is no easy task and demands a strategic choice

(50)In dealing with a challenge on such a scale, it is no exaggeration to say “United we stand, divided we fall”

2006年英译汉试题

(51)I shall define him as an individual who has elected as his primary duty and pleasure in life the activity of thinking in Socratic(苏格拉底)way about moral problems.(52)His function is analogous to that of a judge, who must accept the obligation of revealing in as obvious a manner as possible the course of reasoning which led him to his decision.(53)I have excluded him because, while his accomplishments may contribute to the solution of moral problems, he has not been charged with the task of approaching any but the factual aspects of those problems.(54)But his primary task is not to think about the moral code, which governs his activity, any more than a businessman is expected to dedicate his energies to an exploration of rules of conduct in business.(55)They may teach very well and more than earn their salaries, but most of them make little or no independent reflections on human problems which involve moral judgment.2007年英译汉试题

(56)Traditionally, legal learning has been viewed in such institutions as the special preserve of lawyers, rather than a necessary part of the intellectual equipment of an educated person.(57)On the other, it links these concepts to everyday realities in a manner which is parallel to the links journalists forge on a daily basis as they cover and comment on the news.(58)But the idea that the journalist must understand the law more profoundly than an ordinary citizen rests on an understanding of the established conventions and special responsibilities of the news media.(59)In fact, it is difficult to see how journalists who do not have a clear grasp of the basic features of the Canadian Constitution can do a competent job on political stories.(60)While comment and reaction from lawyers may enhance stories, it is preferable for journalists to rely on their own notions of significance and make their own judgments.2008年英译汉试题

(61)he believes that this very difficulty may have had the compensating advantage of forcing him to think long and intently about every sentence, and thus enabling him to detect errors in reasoning and in his own observations.(62)He asserted, also, that his power to follow a long and purely abstract train of thought was very limited, for which reason he felt certain that he never could have succeeded with mathematics.(63)On the other hand, he did not accept as well founded the charge made by some of his critics that, while he was a good observer, he had no power of reasoning.(64)He adds humbly that perhaps he was “superior to the common run of men in noticing things which easily escape attention, and in observing them carefully.”

(65)Darwin was convinced that the loss of these tastes was not only a loss of happiness, but might possibly be injurious to the intellect, and more probably to the moral character.2009年英译汉试题

(66)It may be said that the measure of the worth of any social institution is its effect in enlarging and improving experience;but this effect is not a part of its original motive.(67)Only gradually was the by-product of the institution noted, and only more gradually still was this effect considered as a directive factor in the conduct of the institution.(68)While it is easy to ignore in our contact with them the effect of our acts upon their disposition, it is not so easy as in dealing with adults.(69)Since our chief business with them is to enable them to share in a common life we cannot help considering whether or no we are forming the powers which will secure this ability.(70)We are thus led to distinguish, within the broad educational process which we have been so far considering,a more formal kind of education--that of direct tuition or schooling.2010年英译汉试题

(71)Scientists jumped to the rescue with some distinctly shaky evidence to the effect that insects would eat us up if birds failed to control them.(72)but we have at least drawn near the point of admitting that birds should continue as a matter of intrinsic right, regardless of the presence or absence of economic advantage to us.(73)Time was when biologists somewhat overworked the evidence that these creatures preserve the health of game by killing the physically weak, or that they prey only on “worthless species.(74)In Europe, where forestry is ecologically more advanced, the non-commercial tree species are recognized as members of native forest community, to be preserved as such ,within reason.(75)It tends to ignore, and thus eventually to eliminate, many elements in the land community that lack commercial value, but that are essential to its healthy functioning.2011年英译汉试题

(76)Allen’s contribution was to take an assumption we all share-that because we are not robots we therefore control our thoughts-and reveal its erroneous nature

(77)while we may be able to sustain the illusion of control through the conscious mind alone, in reality we are continually faced with a question: “Why cannot I make myself do this or achieve that? ”

(78)This seems a justification for neglect of those in need, and a rationalization of exploitation, of the superiority of those at the top and the inferiority of those at the bottom.(79)circumstances seem to be designed to bring out the best in us and if we feel that we have been “wronged” then we are unlikely to begin a conscious effort to escape from our situation.(80)The upside is the possibilities contained in knowing that everything is up to us;where before we were experts in the array of limitations, now we become authorities of what is possible.46.yet, when onelooks at the photographs of the gardens created by the homeless, it strikes onethat, for all their diversity of styles, these gardens speak of various otherfundamental urges, beyond that of decoration and creative expression。

【参考译文】然而,看着无家可归者绘制出的花园图片时,人们会突然想到,尽管这些花园风格多样,它们都显示了人类除了装饰和创造性表达之外的其他各种基本诉求

47.A sacred placeof peace, however crude it may be, is a distinctly human need, as opposed toshelter, which is a distinctly animal need。

【参考译文】无论地方多么简陋不堪,寻求一片静谧圣土是人类特有的需求,而动物需要的仅是仅是避难栖息之地。

48.The gardens ofthe homeless, which are in effect homeless gardens, introduce form into an urbanenvironment where it either didn’t exist or was not discernible as such。

【参考译文】无家可归者的乐园,实际上是一个毫无家气息的地方,给城市环境带来了一种新的形式。

无家可归者描绘的花园实质上是无所依附的,这些花园把一种形式引入城市环境中,而这样的城市环境中,形式要么根本不存在,要么就完全不是以这种明显的方式存在。

49.most of usgive in to a demoralization of spirit which usually blame on some psychologicalconditions, until one day we find ourselves in a garden and feel the oppressionvanish as if by magic。

【参考译文】我们大多数人会深陷于精神萎靡的状态,并常常将此归咎为一些心理原因,直到某天我们发现自己置身花园中,感到如魔法般烦闷尽消

50.It is thisimplicit or explicit reference to nature that fully justifies the use of theword garden, though in a “liberated” sense, to describe these syntheticconstructions。

历年考研英语翻译精解 篇2

英译汉,俗称翻译,在考研英语试卷中虽然只有10分的值数,但是每个理智的考生都会同意,倘若我们没有在备考中充分地学到必要的翻译知识,那么我们将会在其它的项目比如完形填空、阅读理解等中遇到很大的困难。所以,要想使自己在其它项目中取得骄人的业绩,就必须从一开始重视翻译!

英译汉试题为5小题,每题2分,共10分。在一篇约400字的短文中有五个划线部分,考生应根据上下文将各划线部分译成汉语。要求译文准确、完整、通顺。

从测试要求来看,考生应能理解原文,同时译文正确,文字通顺,语句符合汉语习惯评分标准规定:

1.    译文正确,文字通顺,可给满分;

2.    汉语出现错别字,按整篇累计扣分,每4个错别字扣1分;

3.    语句不符合汉语习惯、语序错误、用词不当或漏译使句意含糊不清,酌情扣分;

4.    理解完全错误或译文混乱不成句,不给分;

5.    如同一句出现两种或两种以上正确译法可给分;其中一种译法错误,酌情扣分。

题材内容:

所选文章的题材涉及科普、社会生活、历史、文化、政治、经济等方面的常识性内容,体裁多为议论文,也有说明文或记叙文。例如:

1994年:关于科学发展;

1995年:关于标准化教育和心理测试;

:关于科学研究领域的发展差异;

:关于动物的权利问题;

:关于宇宙起源问题;

:关于历史研究方法;

:关于工业经济;

:关于科技;

:关于人类行为科学问题;

:关于人类学的问题;

:关于人类语言与思维问题;

:关于媒体发展对人类社会的影响;

:关于美国对知识分子的定义问题;

: 关于法律学习与媒体的关系响;

:达尔文对思维能力的.看法;

:关于教育种类划分的问题。

所以考生平时不仅要阅读专业的英文文献,同时要广泛阅读其它专业的科普文献。只要在学习英语的过程中,注意扩大阅读量,拓宽自己的知识面,同时经常进行一些必要的翻译练习,掌握必要的翻译理论和翻译技巧,提高汉语表达能力,就不会在考试中束手无策,无从下手了。

英语短语精解 篇3

This story took place 2 years ago.这个故事发生在两年以前。

2.in memory of 纪念

This photo is in memory of my father.这张相片是纪念我父亲的。

3.dress up 盛装、打扮

We dressed up to go to the party.我们盛装去参加聚会。.4.play a trick on 戏弄、玩弄

He played a trick on me.他开了我一个玩笑。

5.look forward to 期望、期待

I look forward to meeting you.我期待见到你。

6.as though 好像

It seems as though it is going to rain.好像要下雨了。

7.have fun with 玩的开心

I have fun with my friends everyday.我每天和我的朋友玩得很开心。

8.turn up 出现

He turned up at the meeting.他在会议上出现了。

9.day and night 日夜We read English day and night.我们日夜读英语。

10.keep one’s word 遵守诺言He kept his word.他遵守了诺言。

11.hold one’s breath屏住呼吸

Rina asked us to hold our breath.Rina叫我们屏住呼吸。

12.set off出发He set off yesterday.他是昨天出发的。

13.remind…of…使…想起…

This photo reminds me of her.这张相片让我想起了她。

14.ougth to 应该 应当 We ought to study hard.我们应该努力学习。

15.lose weight 减肥He wants to lose weight.他想减肥。

16.get away with 不受处罚

You won’t get away with it if you cheat in the exam.你一定会受处罚如果你在考试中作弊。

17.tell a lie 说谎He told a lie.他说谎了。

18.win …back 赢回…重新获

He wants to win her love back.他想赢回她的爱。

19.earn one’s living 谋生

I should learn to earn my living.我应该学会谋生了。

20.in debt负债

I am in debt now.我现在是负债的。

21.cut down 删减Please cut down this word.请删掉这个单词。

22.before long 不久以后

Before long he will be a teacher.不久以后他将成为一名老师。

23.put on weight 增肥I wants to put on weight.我想增肥。

英语优秀精解46 篇4

优秀范文

A Map of the World

This is a map of the world.There are many countries in the world.This is our country-China.It’s a large country.It looks like a big cock.Beijing is the capital of China.We love Beijing.We love China.We must study hard for our motherland.参考译文

一张世界地图

英语优秀精解59 篇5

优秀范文

Moon Festival

Many people in Asia celebrate the night of the Moon Festival.On the night of the Moon Festival ,children carry beautiful lanterns.The lantems are different shapes.Some lanterns look like pigs, some look like fish, some look like lions.Families give moon cakes for good luck.The cakes are also different shapes.Some look like pigs, some look like stars, some look like fish.This is special holiday for many people.What’s your special holiday?

参考译文

中 秋 节

考研英语语法重难点精解 否定句 篇6

一、用否定词表示否定结构

常用的否定词有not, no, never, none, nothing, nobody, nowhere, neither, nor, hardly, seldom, scarcely, barely, rarely, little, few等,否定词置于句首时,句子要倒装,但否定的名词词组或代词作主语放在句首时,则不需要倒装。

例句: Nowhere do 1980 census statistics dramatize more the American search for spacious living than in the Far West. (选自Text 4)

分析: 该句是简单句,nowhere置于句首引起倒装。原句为:1980 Census statistics dramatize the American search for spacious living in nowhere more than the Far West.

译文: 1980年人口普查的统计数字淋漓尽致地表明,没有哪个地方比美国最西部更能凸显美国人想找寻更广阔的生存空间。

例句: Not everyone agrees on the numbers of Americans who are homeless.

(选自Use of English)

分析: 该句是复合句,who are homeless是修饰Americans的定语从句。

译文: 人们对美国无家可归者的人数并不能达成共识。

例句: Not all that shift can be attributed to the movement out of the snow?belt, census officials says.(选自19Text 4)

分析: 该句是简单句。

译文: 人口普查官员说,并不是所有的迁移都是因为人们想搬出寒带地区。

二、一般否定(也称全部否定)

在否定句中用表示全部否定的词,如never, neither, none, nobody, nothing, nowhere是对事实的全部否定。

例句: Help will come from the UN, but the aid will be nowhere near what is needed.

(第5题)

分析: 该句是并列复合句,but前是一简单句。

译文: 联合国将提供帮助,但这一帮助距所需要的数额还相差很远。

例句: Writing for the National Immigration Forum, Gregory Rodriguez reports that today?s immigration is neither at unprecedented level nor resistant to assimilation.

(选自20Text 1)

分析: 该句是复合句,分词短语writing for...在句中作状语表示时间,相当于when he writes for...。

译文: 罗得里格斯在写给国家移民论坛的`一篇文章中提到,今天的移民既不像以前那样大规模的涌入,也不会拒绝融合。

三、部分否定

否定词not与表示全部概念的词如all, both, everybody, everything连用,不否定全句,而是否定句中某一部分,表示“不全是”、“不都是”、“并非”,也可与always, many, much, often连用。

例句: Yet not all of these races are intellectually inferior to the European races, and some may even have freshness and vitality that can renew the energies of more advanced race. (年第17题)

分析: 该句是复合句,that can renew...是一个修饰freshness and vitality的定语从句。

译文: 但是,在智力方面这些种族并不一定低于欧洲种族,而且有一些使较先进的种族恢复能量的清新力量与活力。

例句: It is not always easy to talk about the role of the mass media in this overwhelmingly significant phase in European history.

分析: 该句是简单句,it是形式主语,真正的主语是to talk about the role of...。

译文: 谈论大众媒体在欧洲历史上这个具有非凡意义的阶段所发挥的作用并不总是一件易事。

例句: Not everyone experiences the kinds of severe chronic stresses Adeline Alvarez describes. (选自20Text 1)

分析: 该句是复合句,其中Adeline Alvarez describes是一个修饰stresses的定语从句。

译文: 并不是人人都经历过阿尔瓦雷斯女士所描述的那种长期的高压。

四、转移否定

在主从复合句中,否定词形式上否定主句谓语,其实否定从句谓语,在动词believe, think, suppose, expect, assume, feel, guess, imagine等前加not是否定其所引导从句的谓语。

例句: I don?t think it advisable that he(should) be assigned to the job since he has no experience whatsoever.

分析: 该句是复合句,it是形式宾语,真正的宾语是that he(should) be assigned to the job。

译文: 我认为派他做这项工作不明智,因为他没有任何经验。

例句: I don?t suppose that anyone will object to my leaving for Beijing.

分析: 该句是复合句,that后是suppose的宾语从句。

译文: 我认为没人会反对我去北京。

五、持续否定

在同一个句子中重复使用同一否定词,也可用不同否定词来加强语气,这种情况就是持续否定。

例句 : The problem is very difficult and obscure: health?care costs have not been, aren?t, and won?t continue to increase faster than government revenues.

分析: 该句是并列句。

译文: 问题晦涩难懂,那就是在过去、现在和将来健康福利的支出都不会比政府税收增加得快。

六、省略否定

在上下文环境中,否定结构可用省略的形式。

例句: ――Mothers and fathers can do a lot to ensure a safe landing in early adulthood for their kids.

――I hope not. (选自Part C)

分析: 上一分句为简单句,下一分句为省略相同成分的简单句。

译文: ――父母可以为他们的孩子做许多事情来保障他们在步入成年前有一个安全的环境。

――我并不希望如此。

七、转换否定

英语中有些句子形式上是肯定而实际上表示否定含义,也有些句子形式上是否定而实际上表示肯定含义。

例句: Young scientists cannot realize too soon that existing scientific knowledge is not nearly so complete, certain and unalterable as many textbooks seem to imply.

分析: 该句为复合句,其中can?t be too后接形容词意为“越……越好,再……也不过分”,本句中cannot realize too soon同为此结构,另外not nearly意为“远不”。

译文: 年轻科学家应尽快认识到现有的科学知识远不像许多教科书中所描述的那样全面,那样肯定,那样一成不变。

例句: Copernicus showed that―far from being the center of the universe, about which the Sun, the Moon, the planets, and the stars revolved in clockwise homage―the Earth is just one of many small worlds.

分析: 该句是复合句,主干部分为Copernicus showed that the Earth is just one of many small worlds,形容词短语far from being...是宾语从句的主语the Earth的补足语,说明主语情况;定语从句about which...修饰the center of the universe。

译文: 哥白尼证明地球根本不是太阳、月亮及其他行星和星球按顺时针方向绕其转动的宇宙中心,它只不过是许多小小世界当中的一个而已。

八、重复否定

重复否定不同于双重否定,它是在不同时间内,从句或主句中作同一否定。

例句: The expression in his eyes was not anger, nor surprise, nor disapproval, nor horror, nor any of the sentiments she had been prepared for.

分析: 该句是复合句,其中定语从句she had been prepared for修饰the sentiments。

译文: 他的表情既不是愤怒,也不是惊讶,又不是不满,更不是厌恶,不是她所预料的任何一种表情。

下列情况也是表示重复否定,意为“更不用说,更谈不到,更提不上,休说,莫谈,哪里,何况”,后接名词、动词、介词短语、不定式等。

(一)much less/still less/even less用于否定句

例句: Normally, Americans do not assess their visitors in such relaxed surroundings over prolonged small talk; much less do they take them out for dinner, or around on the golf course while they develop a sense of trust and rapport.

分析: 该句包含while引导的并列句,其中much less置于句首引起倒装。

译文: 一般情况下,美国人不会在这种轻松的环境中通过长时间的闲聊来评价他们的来访者,更不通过把来访者带到外面吃饭或去高尔夫球场来建立信任和融洽的关系。

(二)much more/still more/even more用于肯定句

例句: He could solve much more difficult questions, still more simple ones.

分析: 该句是简单句。

译文: 他连再难的问题都能解决,更别说这些简单问题了。

例句: We are ready to give our lives for our motherland, much more to suffer some hardships.

分析: 该句是简单句。

译文: 为了祖国我们随时贡献我们的生命,更不必说吃点苦了。

(三)let alone适用于肯定句或否定句

历年八级汉英翻译材料 篇7

1992年

戎夷离开齐国到鲁国去。碰到天气酷寒,在鲁国城门关闭后才赶到城边,只好跟他的一个门徒在城外露天过夜。夜晚,天气越来越冷。戎夷便对那个门徒说:“你把衣服给我穿,我就会活下来。我把衣服给你穿,你就会活下来。我是治理国家的杰出人才,为了普天下的利益而爱惜自己的生命;你是一个普通人,不必吝惜自己的生命,你把你的衣服给我吧。”门徒说:“我这平庸的人,又怎能慷慨地把衣服给你这个杰出的穿呢?”戎夷听了,叹息说:“唉,我的主张看来不能实现了!”说完,便把身上的衣服脱下来给门徒穿上。到了半夜,自己冻死了,却救活了这个门徒。

说是戎夷能把一个时代治理好,那还没有证明;但是,他那想有利于人类的思想,算是达到了不能再高的程度了。

1993年

徐霞客一生周游考察了十六省,足迹几乎遍及全国。他在考察的过程中,从来不盲目迷信书本上的结论,他发现前任研究地理的记载中有许多不很可靠的地方。为了进行真实细致的考察,他很少乘车坐船,几乎全靠双脚翻山越岭,传图跋涉;为了弄清大自然的真相,他总是挑选道路艰险的山区、人迹稀少的森林进行考察,发现了许多奇山秀景;他常常选择不同的时间和季节,多次重游各地名山,反复观察变换的奇景。

1994年

人是一个复杂的矛盾体。为了不受干扰地工作,常常要逃避世俗的热闹;可一旦长期陷入孤境,又感到痛苦,感到难以忍受。

一般情况下,我喜欢孤独。

我的最大爱好是沉思默想。我可以一个人长时间地独处而感到愉快。独享欢乐是一种愉快,独自忧伤也是一种愉快,孤独的时候,精神不会是一片纯粹的空白,它任然是一个丰富多彩的世界。情绪上的大欢乐和打悲痛往往都在孤独中产生。孤独中,思维可以不依照逻辑进行,孤独更多地产生人生的诗情——激昂的和伤感的。孤独可以使人的思想向更遥远更深邃的地方伸展,也能使你对自己活环境作更透彻的人士和检讨。

当然,孤独常常叫人感到无以名状的忧伤,而这忧伤有时又是很美丽的。我喜欢孤独,但我也惧怕孤独。

1995年

简.奥斯丁的小说写的都是三五户人家居家度日,婚恋嫁娶的小事。因此,不少中国读者不理解她何以在西方享有那么高的声誉。但一部小说开掘得深不深,艺术和思想是否有过人之处,的确不在题材的大小。有人把奥斯丁的作品比作越咀嚼越有味道的橄榄。这不仅仅因为她的语言精彩,并曾对小说艺术的发展有创造性贡献,也因为她的轻快活泼的叙述实际上并不那么浅白,那么透明。史密斯夫人曾说过,女作家常常试图修正现存的价值秩序,改变人们对“重要”和“不重要”的看法。也许奥斯丁的小说能教我们学会转换眼光和角度,明察到“小事”的叙述涉及的那些不小的问题。

1996年

近读报纸,对国内名片盒请柬的议论颇多,遇事想起客居巴黎时常常见到法国人手中的名片和请柬,随笔记下来,似乎不无借鉴之处。

在巴黎,名目繁多的酒会、冷餐会是广交朋友的好机会。在这种场合陌生人相识,如果是亚洲人,他们往往开口之前先毕恭毕敬地用双手把自己的名片呈递给对方,这好像是不可缺少的礼节。然而,法国人一般都不大主动东送名片,双方见面寒暄几句,甚至海阔天空地聊一番,也就各自走开了。只有当双方谈话投机,希望继续交往时,才会主动掏出名片。二话不说先递名片反倒有些勉强。

法国人的名片讲究朴素大方,印制精美。但很少有镶金边的,闪光多色的或带香味的,名片上的字体纤细秀丽,本人的名字也不过分突出,整张纸片上空白很大,毫无拥挤不堪的感觉。

1997年

来美国求学的中国学生与其他亚裔学生一样,大多非常刻苦勤奋,周末往往会抽出一天甚至两天的时间去实验室加班,因此比起美国学生来,成果出的较多。我的导师是亚裔人,嗜烟好酒,脾气暴躁。但他十分欣赏亚裔学生勤奋与扎实的基础知识,也特别理解亚裔学生的心理。因此,在他的实验室所招的学生中,除有一名来自德国外,其余五位均是亚裔学生。他干脆在实验室的门上贴一醒目招牌:“本室助研必须每周工作七天,早上10时至晚12时,工作时间必须全力以赴。”这位导师的严格及苛刻是全校有名的,在我所呆的3年半中,共有14为学生被招进他的实验室,最后博士毕业的只剩下5人。1990年夏天,我不顾别人劝阻,硬着头皮接受了导师的资助,从此开始了艰难的求学旅程。

1998年

1997年2月24日我们代表团下榻日月潭中信大饭店,送走了最后一批客人,已是次日凌晨3点了。我躺在床上久久不能入睡,披衣走到窗前,往外看去,只见四周群峦叠翠,湖面波光粼粼。望着台湾这仅有的景色如画的天然湖泊,我想了许多,许多……

这次到台湾访问交流,虽然行程匆匆,但是,看了不少地方,访了旧友,交了新知,大家走到一起,谈论的一个重要话题就是中华民族在21世纪的强盛。虽然祖国大陆、台湾的青年生活在不同的社会环境中,有着各自不同的生活经历,但大家的内心都深深铭刻着中华文化优秀的传统的印记,都拥有者振兴中华民族的共同理想。在世纪之交的伟大时代,我们祖国正在走向繁荣富强,海峡两岸人民也将加强交流,共同推进祖国统一大业的早日完成。世纪之交的宝贵机遇和巨大挑战将青年推到了历史的前台。跨世纪青年一代应该用什么样的姿态迎接充满希望的新世纪,这是我们必须回答的问题。

日月潭水波不兴,仿佛与我一同在思索……

1999年

加拿大的温哥华1986年刚刚度过百岁生日,但城市的发展令世界瞩目。以港立市,以港兴市,是许多港口城市生存发展的道路。经过百年开发建设,有着天然不冻良港的温哥华,成为举世闻名的港口城市,同亚洲、大洋洲、欧洲、拉丁美洲均有定期班轮,年货物吞吐量达8,000万吨,全市就业人口中三分之一从事贸易与运输行业。

温哥华的辉煌是温哥华人的智慧和勤奋的结晶,其中包括多民族的贡献。加拿大地广人稀,国土面积比中国还大,人口却不足3,000万。吸收外来移民,是加拿大长期奉行的国策。可以说,加拿大除了印第安人外,无一不是外来移民,不同的只是时间长短而已。温哥华则更是世界上屈指可数的多民族城市。现今180万温哥华居民中,有一半不是本地出生的,每4个居民中就有一个亚洲人。而25万华人对温哥华的经济转型起着决定性作用,其中有半是近5年才来到温哥华地区的,使温哥华称为亚洲以外最大的中国人聚居地。

2000年

中国科技馆的诞生来自不易。与国际著名科技馆和其它博物馆相比,它有些先天不足,后天也缺乏营养,但是它成长的步法却是件事而有力的。它在国际上已被公认为后起之秀。

世界上第一代博物馆属于自然博物馆,它是通过化石、标本等向人们介绍地球和各种生物的演化历史。第二代博物馆属于工业技术博物馆,它所展示的是工业文明带来的各种阶段性成果。这两代博物光虽然气到了传播科学知识的作用,但是,它们把参观者当成了被动的旁观者。

世界上第三代博物馆是充满全新理念的博物馆。在这里,观众可以自己去动手操作,自己细心体察。这样,它们可以更贴近先进的科学技术,去探索科学技术的奥妙。

中国科技馆这是这样的博物馆!它汲取了国际上一些著名博物馆的长处,设计制作了力学、光学、电学、声学、热学、生物学等展品,展示了科学的原理和先进的科技成果。

2001年

乔羽的歌大家都熟悉。但他另外两大爱好却鲜为人知,那就是钓鱼和喝酒。晚年的乔羽喜爱垂钓。他说:“有水有鱼的地方大都是有好环境的,好环境便会给人好心情。我认为最好的钓鱼场所不是舒适的、给你准备好饿鱼的垂钓园,而是那极其有吸引力的大自然野外天成的场所。”钓鱼是一项能够陶冶性情的运动,有益于身心健康。乔羽说:“钓鱼可分三个阶段:第一阶段是吃鱼;第二阶段是吃鱼和情趣兼而有之;第三阶段主要是钓趣,面对一池碧水,将忧心烦恼全都抛到一边,使自己的身心得到充分休息。”

2002年

大自然对人的恩赐,无论贫富,一律平等。所以人们对于大自然,全都一致并深深地依赖着。尤其在乡间,上千年来人们一致以不变的方式生活着。种植庄稼和葡萄,酿酒和饮酒,喂牛和挤奶,锄草和栽花;在周末去教堂祈祷,作礼拜;在节日到广场拉琴、跳舞、唱歌;往日的田园依旧是今日的温馨家园。这样,每个地方都有自己的传说,风俗也就衍传了下来。

2003年

得病以前,我受父母宠爱,在家中横行霸道,一旦隔离,拘禁在花园山坡上的一栋小房子里,我顿感打入冷宫,十分郁郁不得志起来。一个春天的傍晚,园中百花怒放,父母在园中设宴,一时宾客云集,笑语四溢。我在山坡的小屋里,悄悄掀起窗帘,窥见园中大千世界,一片繁华,自己的哥姐,堂表弟兄,也穿插其中,个个喜气洋洋。一霎时,一阵被人摒弃、为世人所遗的悲愤袭上心头,禁不住痛哭起来。

2004年

在人际关系问题上我们不要太浪漫主义。人是很有趣的,往往在接触一个人时首先看到的都是他或她的优点。这一点颇像是在餐馆里用餐的经验。开始吃头盘或冷蝶的时候,印象很好。吃头两个主菜时,也是赞不绝口。愈吃愈趋于冷静,吃完了这顿宴席,缺点就都找出来了。于是转喜为怒,转赞美为责备挑剔,转首肯为摇头。这是因为,开始吃的时候你正处于饥饿状态,而饿了吃糠甜如蜜,饱了吃蜜也不甜。第二,你初到一个餐馆,开始举筷时有新鲜感,新盖的茅房三天香,这也可以叫陌生化效应吧。

2005年 一个人的生命究竟有多大意义,这有什么标准可以衡量吗?提出一个绝对的标准当然很困难;但是,大体上看一个人对待生命的态度是否严肃认真,看他对待工作、生活的态度如何,也就不难对这个人的存在意义做出适当的估计了。

古来一切有成就的人,都很严肃地对待自己的生命。当他活着一天,总要尽量多工作、多学习,不肯虚度年华,不让时间白白地浪费掉。我国历代的劳动人民以及大政治家、大思想家等等都莫不如此。

2006年

中华民族自古以来从不把人看做高于一切,在哲学文艺方面的表现都反映出人在自然界中与万物占着一个比例较为恰当的地位,而非绝对统治万物的主宰。因此,我们的苦闷,基本上比西方人为少为小;因为苦闷的强弱原是随欲望与野心的大小而转移的。农业社会的人比工业社会的人享受差得多,因此欲望也小得多。况中国古代素来以不滞于物,不为物役为主要的人生哲学。并非我们没有守财奴,但比起莫里哀与巴尔扎克笔下的守财奴与野心家来,就小巫见大巫了。中国名族多数是性情中正和平、淡泊、朴实,比西方人容易满足。

2007年

暮色中,河湾里落满云霞,与天际的颜色混合在一起,分不清哪是流云哪是水湾。也就在这一幅绚烂的图画旁边,在河湾之畔,一群羊正在低头觅食。他们几乎没有一个顾得上抬起头来,看一眼这美丽的黄昏。也许它们要抓紧时间,在即将回家的最后一刻再次咀嚼。这是黄河滩上的一幕。牧羊人不见了,他不知在何处歇息。只有这些生灵自由自在地享受着这个黄昏。这儿水草肥美,让它们长得肥滚滚的。如果走近了,你会发现它们洁白的牙齿,以及那丰富而单纯的表情。

2008年

都市寸土千金,地价炒的越来越高,今后将更高。拥有一个小小花园的希望,对寻常之辈不啻是一种奢望,一种梦想。

我想,其实谁都有一个小小花园,这便是我们的内心世界。人的智力需要开发,人的内心世界也是需要开发的。人和动物的区别,除了众所周知的诸多方面,恐怕还在于人有内心世界。心不过是人的一个重要的脏器,而内心世界是一种景观,它是由外部世界不断地作用于内心渐渐形成的。每个人都无比关注自己及至亲至爱之人心脏的健损,以至于稍有微疾便惶惶不可终日。但并非每个人都关注自己及至亲至爱之人的内心世界的阴晴。

2009年

我想不起来哪一个熟人没有手机。今天没有手机的人是奇怪的,这种人才需要解释。我们的所有社会关系都储存在手机的电话本里,可以随时调出使用。古代只有巫师才有这种法宝。

手机刷新了人与人的关系。会议室门口通常贴着一条通告:请与会者关闭手机。可是会议室里的手机铃声依然响成一片。我们都是普通人,并没有多少重要的事情。尽管如此,我们也不会轻易关掉手机。打开手机象征我们与这个世界的联系。手机反映出我们的“社交饥渴症”。最为常见的是,一个人走着走着突然停下来,眼睛盯着手机屏幕发短信。他不在乎停在马路中央还是厕所旁边。

为什么对手机来电和短信这么在乎?因为我们迫切渴望与社会保持联系。2010年

朋友关系的存续是以相互尊重为前提的,容不得半点强求、干涉和控制。朋友之间,情趣相投、脾气对则合;反之,则离、则绝。朋友之间再熟悉、再亲密,也不能随便过头、不恭不敬。不然,默契和平衡将被打破,友好关系将不复存在。每个人都希望拥有自己的私密空间,朋友之间过于随便,就容易侵入这片禁区,从而引起冲突,造成隔阂。待友不敬,或许只是一件小事,却可能已埋下了破坏性的种子。维持朋友亲密关系的最好办法是往来有节,互不干涉。

2011年

现代社会无论价值观的持有还是生活方式的选择都充满了矛盾。而最让现代人感到尴尬的是,面对重重矛盾,许多时候你却别无选择。匆忙与休闲室截然不同的两种生活方式。但在现实生活中,人们却在这两种生活方式间频繁穿梭,有时也说不清自己到底是“休闲着”还是“匆忙着”。譬如说,当我们正在旅游胜地享受假期,却忽然接到老板的电话,告诉我们客户或工作方面除了麻烦——现代便捷先进工具在此刻显示出了它狰狞、阴郁的面容——搞得人一下子兴趣全无,接下来的休闲职能徒有其表,因为心里已是火烧火燎了。

2012年

泊珍到偏远的小镇的育幼院把省在那里养到易碎的孩子接回来。但泊珍看他第一眼,仿似一声雷劈头而来。令她晕头涨脑,这一岁的孩子脸型长得如此熟悉,她心里的第一道声音是,不能带回去!

上一篇:责任高于一切文档下一篇:关于留守儿童,英文论文