托福写作高分文章怎么写

托福写作高分文章怎么写

托福写作高分文章怎么写 篇1

托福写作高分文章怎么写？

当面对重重阻力的时候，很多人不禁产生了怀疑。我们是否应该使用模板?使用模板是否会导致低分?我们到底该用什么模板?其实答案很简单，模板应该用，必须用，大胆用!

但是有一个十分重要的前提性条件，那就是模板一定是要原创的!原创的?!开玩笑，我们这辈子从来就没自己思考过，一直都是老师喂到我们嘴里的!是的，这就是你一直咒骂中国式教育的起点。其实很多满分作文都是使用了模板，但是由于使用的十分之精巧，同时再加上是原创托福作文模板，因此连考官也拿他没有办法，人家写的就是棒吗!

OK，先来看两段例子!第一段是不好的例子，第二段是好的例子。

Nowadays，thanks to the development of Internet，we are exposed to a vast ocean of information.Some argue that so much information brings a great benefit to our life and study.But for me，the experience with surfing Internet leads me to believe that accessing much information cause more problems than it solves.——————————————————————————————

Perhaps no issue in this world is as significance to students as education.Despite various responses people may have on the topic concerning the issue regarding which thing should the education aim at.I，given the chance，prefer to endorse that preparing for careers should have primary consideration.当看到第一篇文章的时候，已经没有了当初得的兴奋，因为这样的文章实在是太常见了!首先Nowadays这个单词是被无数老师推崇的“高级”单词。一直无法理解，为什么有的单词会更高级。然后thanks to节宾语，天呐!多么明显的模板!当我往下看的时候，我只能无意识的检查是否有语法错误，没有语法错误的话，我也就只能给个一般的分数就好了。

托福写作中间段怎么写 篇2

托福写作中间段怎么写？

托福写作中间段怎么写？如何打造托福写作的中间环节呢?在托福作文的中间部分，应该如何安排内容已达到整体的作文效果。下面，小编给大家一些建议，供广大同学们参考。

技巧

一、.Q：一定需要三大段论点理由展开来证明开头观点吗?

A：No.中间段可以有一个论点展开，也可以拿到满分。同学们可以参看ETS的第三版p202页的官方范文5分和4分赏析。

技巧

二、Q： 托福写作备考中的独立写作中间段结构是什么?

A： 论点Main point Sentence+论据Details.尽量不要突兀地写for example，需要指明例子之前的论点句。

技巧

三、Q： 怎么展开一个中间段落才能做到评分标准5分要求呢?

A： 其实有很多方法将论点展开Details，比如：我强化班会重点介绍的几种：Specific personal example 少而精;General example 多而简;compare& contrast对比反差;Study &Survey 调查数据;Famous people权威名人;Quotation名言谚语;等。

技巧

四、Q： 以上是不是每种方法都要在独立写作中间段用上?

A： 这几种方法都是平行关系，可以挑选一种方法即可展开一个论点句。当然，也可以挑选其中两三种方法使得一个段落展开地非常细致。

技巧

五、Q： 独立写作是不是中间段字数越多越好?

A： 展开的Details的语言部分非常重要，比如由电脑自动评分E-rater主要评判Grammar，Usage，Style，lexical complexity等方面。

技巧

六、Q： 独立写作的中间段是不是一定需要所谓的“辨证式/反证式/让步式”写法?

托福写作高分文章怎么写 篇3

一.托福独立写作技巧之文章开头

托福独立写作的开头无外乎介绍背景，引出话题，表明观点和限定下文发展四个方面。背景介绍一定要把握住关键词，不能跑题。很多学员死记硬背了一些开头句式，遇到什么题目都往里面套，结果当然很牵强。很多独立写作的题目完全可以逆向思维，题目说什么往往现实生活缺什么，可以从相反的方向入手去写。如：

In order to improve teaching quality, colleges and universities should increase professors’ salary. Do you agree or disagree?

这个题目完全可以围绕教学质量展开，再谈到提升教学质量的方法，引入题目观点，后表明自己立场。从反面入手可以谈教学质量下滑令人担忧，人们为提升教学质量在想各种办法，有人建议增加教授们的工资作为激励手段，考生此时应表明自己的立场及理由。按这样的思路，第一段可以轻松达到50词以上。正如官方指南所讲“不要仅仅为了增加文章字数而死记硬背一些冗长的首末段。”

Nowadays, the decline of teaching quality has worried the public a lot. Some people suggest that the government should increase salary for professors in college and universities as incentives to improve teaching quality. From my perspective, this is an effective way to make the teaching staff willing to devote to their teaching. I feel this way for two major reasons.

这样的开头既能很好地交代背景、引出话题又利于下文的展开。

二.托福独立写作技巧之展开论述

根据OG,评分人员评估考生作文的质量，即评估考生如何展开论点，组织文章结构。所以考生要学会用包括事例、细节、理由等在内的各种方式来支持文章的观点。我的主体段落通常采用总-分-总的思路去写。主体段落第一句必须是观点清楚的主题句，这个段落必须围绕主题句的controlling idea来展开，否则就会出现不切题的可能。论点的展开我通常会用到的写作手法有原因分析法，后果延伸法，反面假设法或正反对比法以及举例论证法，最后以归纳总结作为整个段落的结束。运用这些方法写出的文章自然逻辑性强，组织严密，能很好地为主题服务。以赞同在公共场合禁烟为例，我的主体段落展开如下：

Firstly, smoking is detrimental to the health of smokers and people around them. It is because tobacco contains many harmful even poisonous substances such as tar and nicotine, which can give rise to many respiratory diseases, say lung cancer. If smoking is prohibited in public places, people do not need to worry about these terrible diseases. A typical example of this is mu uncle, mu mother’s younger brother, who used to smoke many cigarettes a day, and later he was found to be sick with lung cancer. He had to accept an operation to cut off part of his lung. What’ more, he had to suffer from the subsequent chemical treatment. Thus, for the health of smokers and people around, smoking must be banned in public places.

上面这段文章运用这些手法比较容易地写出127个词，所以考生在写主体段落时一定要有清楚的思路，紧扣中心思想，运用上述写作方法就能较好地把握段落的统一性、渐进性和连贯性，使文章结构严谨，条理清晰。

三.托福独立写作技巧之总结全文

很多考生在前文纠结时间太好，以至于最后没有时间去结尾。没有结尾的文章结构是不完整的。结尾可以从单个方面入手：concluding phrase, restatement of your standpoint and summary of your ideas. 从这三个方面入手，考生的构思好文章开头后就可以很快地敲定文章的结尾。

托福写作模板:公共交通

托福写作模板及范文参考：

Should governments spend more money on improving roads and highways，or should governments spend more money on improving public transportation (buses，trains，subways)? Why? Use specific reasons and details to develop your essay.

托福写作范文参考：

Should governments spend more money on improving roads and highways or on improving public transportations? There seems to be a difficult problem since many reasons should be involved. However， after carefully pondering it， I buttress the last one， spending the money on improving public transportation. The reasons are presented below：

There is no denying that improving the public transportation will surely alleviate the pollution given off by enormous cars. If a city has not a developed public transportation， the air will be polluted more heavily. What a dirty environment we will live in! Every day breathing into the air filled with the flour of the gasoline， seeing the sky with the dull color will be the title of our life.

So the essence of environment has been realized by an increasingly number of people， to the governments， the protection of environment is especially an undeniable mission. Another reason I agree with it is that developed public transportation will decrease the frequency of the traffic jams. Perhaps no worse word than “traffic jams” exists， to the businessmen who believe in “Time is money”. Traffic jams not only cost the people time and expense， but also create a bad mood for work. It greatly decreases the efficiency of the whole city. I imagine how can a city whose avenue full of traffic jams develop its economics?

Finally， I want to say that improving the public transportation provide a great number of ways of transportation for most of the poor people who can not afford to buy a car. It is known that our citizens is not made of only people who has the ability to own a car， but the very poor people are also included. I believe that however the technology is improved， the public apparatus should not be ignored， because it serves the people all over the city.

Nevertheless， the private transportation has its own advantages， for instance， it can save a lot of time in some cases， provide some convenience for people. But improving on roads and highways is advantageous only conditionally. Based on the above discussion， I agree with the opinion that the government should spend money on improving public transportation not only it can protect environment and save time for people， but it also can create a convenient environment for all the citizens.

托福写作模板:英法战争

The war between Britain and France

In the late eighteenth century, battles raged in almost every corner of Europe, as well as in the Middle East, south Africa ,the West Indies, and Latin America. In reality, however, there was only one major war during this time, the war between Britain and France. All other battles were ancillary to this larger conflict, and were often at least partially related to its antagonist’ goals and strategies. France sought total domination of Europe . this goal was obstructed by British independence and Britain’s efforts throughout the continent to thwart Napoleon; through treaties. Britain built coalitions (not dissimilar in concept to today’s NATO) guaranteeing British participation in all major European conflicts. These two antagonists were poorly matched, insofar as they had very unequal strengths; France was predominant on land, Britain at sea. The French knew that, short of defeating the British navy, their only hope of victory was to close all the ports of Europe to British ships. Accordingly, France set out to overcome Britain by extending its military domination from Moscow t Lisbon, from Jutland to Calabria. All of this entailed tremendous risk, because France did not have the military resources to control this much territory and still protect itself and maintain order at home.

French strategists calculated that a navy of 150 ships would provide the force necessary to defeat the British navy. Such a force would give France a three-to-two advantage over Britain. This advantage was deemed necessary because of Britain’s superior sea skills and technology because of Britain’s superior sea skills and technology, and also because Britain would be fighting a defensive war, allowing it to win with fewer forces. Napoleon never lost substantial impediment to his control of Europe. As his force neared that goal, Napoleon grew increasingly impatient and began planning an immediate attack.

托福考生托福写作高分经验 篇4

江同学的英文基础水平不错，但在写作方面缺少系统的练习。在了解江同学的基本情况之后，我给她制定了十分具有针对性的备考计划。

在综合写作方面，主要通过课上讲评和课后练习的方式进行的。在做题时，要求江同学要注重阅读和听力部分的一一对应的反驳关系。在课程中，进行了对阅读的总观点和分论点进行改写的练习，于此同时也讲解了如何使表达更有简洁性。听力内容方面，则让江同学要做到尽量还原原文，尤其是细节部分更要表达完整准确。在注重技巧训练的同时也时刻提醒学员要打好基础，加强单词方面的背诵与默写。在单词背诵方面，我主要借鉴《词以类记》这 本书的按学科分类部分的方法来扩展江同学词汇量，并且让她在平时的学习中注意搭建单词发音与拼写之间的联系。

在独立写作方面，我们首先讲解了题型的分类和相应的解题技巧。通过对主题句的写作练习，一方面纠正了江同学的一些语言表达上的错误，同时提醒她要加强主题句与段落展开之间的联系。课后我也会布置适量的作业来检查她对课上所讲内容的掌握情况。在作业讲评中，我发现江同学比较喜欢使用说理的形式来展开段落，这就使得她的表达比较单一。为了让她文章段落的表达更加多样化，我有意通过不同题型的讲解来使得江同学逐步掌握使用例证法和数据报道等形式的段落展开方式。

江同学于7月18日参加了第一次托福考试，写作成绩26总分105。相信这样的分数对于大多数托福考生来说已经足够高了，但是对于想申请顶尖名校的学霸来说还差那么一点点。为此，在后续的课程中，我给她制定了更严密的备考计划。要想更上一层楼取得更高的分数，就意味着要尽可能地减少各种错误并使文章出彩，比如要注重单词的拼写，加强多样化的表达等。那么就要首先从审题方面下手，比如独立写作三选一的题目，江同学在读题目方面有时不太认真。这时我会指出她审题方面的问题，并且要求她注意审题，尤其应关注题目中的一些细节信息，这样有助于更好地思考分论点。此外，课上我还会拿出江同学文章中的一句话要求她进行词汇的同义替换和句式的改写。在写名词和动词时，会要求她要慢下来，思考一下正确的表达形式。具体来说就是名词要不要加定冠词或者复数的变化，动词则要注重时态和单三形式的变化。在每篇文章的讲评中，我都会不厌其烦地指出她的各种语法和拼写错误，找出犯错误的原因，让她自行改正错误并鼓励她在今后的写作中要提高注意力，避免重复犯错。在解题思路方面，不仅加强了对江同学独立写作分论点方面万能理由的补充，还进行了相关词汇的补充，从而使语言表达更加多样化。

作为一名高中生，平常的课业压力之大是不难想象的。从4月2日的首次课到8月28日上完最后一节写作课。在这5个月的写作1对1辅导期间，我们一共上了14节课，平均下来10天才能上一次写作。但如果细看课表的话，学员由于课业压力大，有时甚至两周才能上一次写作课，这样不均匀的上课频率其实并不太利于备考。因此，上课时间的有效利用与互动就显得更加珍贵。不过江同学的学习态度认真，理解能力强，互动能力也很好，同时对待作业也能按时认真完成，才使得她的写作能够不断的进步。我们每次的课后作业都是根据江同学下次课的上课时间来布置的，这样不仅可以督促学员认真高效完成，同时也可以让她及时整理此前课上所学的知识点，不断巩固与消化。

当然学霸有时也会出现问题，在长时间的备考过程中，江同学也会难免出现懈怠的情绪。记得有一次综合写作作业的完成质量相比从前有所下降，我便立即提醒她要引起足够的重视。并且要求江同学继续背诵综合写作模板，同时课下要求她加强综合写作的练习并根据阅读和听力原文进行自检。

功夫不负有心人，江同学于209月3号再战托福，写作部分拿到了令人羡慕的满分，总分也再创新高达到了111分。当问及学员高分的体会时，孩子的回答也很简洁——多练多写。这四个字看似简单，但实际上包含太多背后需要付出的努力。

以上就是小编为大家整理00后考生托福写作高分经验分享，希望可以扬长避短，找到适合自己的方法来提升自己的托福写作成绩。最后，小编预祝大家托福考试能取得理想的成绩。

托福写作模板：如何提升演讲能力

题目：

After your presentation, which way would you choose to identify your weakness and improve your presentation?

1) reviewing the recording on your own;

2) inviting your colleagues or classmates to make suggestions for improvement.

范文1：For Choice 1

To improve my performance after giving a presentation, it is best to review a recording of it by myself. This process lets me observe all aspects of the presentation, evaluate changes at my own pace, and avoid being defensive.

First, a video recording gives significantly more information than just relying on comments made by colleagues or classmates. I can analyze and improve on even small points that others may not have noticed or found worth mentioning. For example, a couple years ago, I gave a presentation that I had extensively prepared for. It had strong organization and flow. Classmates raved about the content, but mentioned that I looked scared. I was confused, because I had felt confident. However, I noticed in the video later that I was continually fingering my notes. For my next presentation, I placed the notes within view but did not hold them, rendering my appearance more professional.

Another reason I prefer watching a recording is my pace of learning. I can focus on the points I want to redo, replaying the material as often as I want, confirming even tiny details. In fact, I can even take long breaks to think about what I see or to try out alternate delivery styles. I do not have to inconvenience my friends by asking them for feedback or taking up their time. If others are involved in the evaluation process, I feel much more rushed because I do not want to bother people who have agreed to help me.

Finally, reviewing a recording by myself eliminates a serious problem that hinders progress: my pride. I do not like to admit it, but I often get defensive about feedback and want to explain why certain things happened. I feel resentful about negative comments rather than see them as stepping stones towards improvement. It is a natural tendency, but it definitely hinders my ability to assimilate outside feedback. Furthermore, friends try to be polite, so they may not mention minorpoints that I might have improved because they don’t want to seem too critical. Emotions get in the way of a thorough critique.

To improve my future performance, I find it best to review videos of my presentations by myself. I can evaluate all aspects of the presentation, take as much time as I need, and avoid the inevitable problem of emotional involvement swaying the critique.

at my own pace 按照自己的步伐走

rave about the content 对内容赞不绝口

place the notes within view 把笔记放在眼前,把笔记放在视线范围内

inconvenience my friends 麻烦我的朋友

take up their time 占用他们的时间

see them as stepping stones towards improvement 把它们看作是迈向进步的垫脚石

get in the way 妨碍,阻碍

范文2：For Choice 2

It is essential to get the feedback of people in the audience to learn about mistakes and improve on a presentation. Spectator critiques help identify the big picture and reveal points that you can’tsee in an honest, unbiased way.

No matter how impartial you want to be, a self-evaluation is biased. It incorporates points that are not relevant to the performance you gave. For example, you may think you did excellent given your limited practice time or great amount of stress, but your audience is unaware of these factors. The viewers only evaluate what they see, which is a far more accurate measure of a presentation. A self-evaluation may also ignore issues that were “just accidents.” However, such points may reallybe important detractors that need to be addressed.

People in the audience also provide insight into the big picture. They only have time to note specific glaring details or outstanding highlights. Otherwise, their feedback gives you the overallimpression of the performance, which is something intangible and essential to the presentation’ssuccess. If you compare the feedback of several observers, you can isolate the main patterns. As a result, you can understand the most important parts that need changed. If you only refer to a video on your own, you may get caught up changing minor details rather than addressing the key elements that are needed to alter the overall flow or lasting effect.

Finally, classmates or colleagues may identify things you take for granted such as mannerisms, repeated words, or even problems with visual aids. One example is a teacher who gave a presentation using an old slide projector that kept jamming. The teacher apologized when that happened and kept going with the lecture. He had no idea how distracting it was, to the point that students remembered joking about which slide would get stuck next better than they remembered the content. The teacher, however, was so used to fixing the projector that he barely noticed it. The feedback showed him the value of replacing his visual aids with newer equipment, an issue he had never considered was important.

Since an audience gives you honest evaluations of the overall impression of a presentation and identifies points you may not see on your own, it is important to get feedback from people in the audience in order to improve your presentations.

spectator critiques 旁观者的评论

in an honest, unbiased way 以诚实、公正的方式

a far more accurate measure of a presentation 对报告或展示一种更为准确的评价

provide insight into the big picture 洞察全局

glaring details 明显的细节

outstanding highlights 突出的亮点

visual aids 视觉辅助

托福写作模板：当今的学生是否更关心政治

题目：当今的学生是否更关心政治

Do you agree or disagree with the following statement:

Students are more interested in politics today than they were in the past.

Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.

范文1：Argument 1 (for)

Students today are more interested in politics than students were in the past. The methods of presenting politics to the general audience have changed. Now that it is more entertaining and easier to watch the progress of local and international events, students have a greater desire to follow political issues.

In the past, political issues were considered serious topics that needed to be treated with dignity and respect. That attitude has changed in recent years, so that now political events such as debates are colorful spectacles designed to engage and entertain. Politicians are often viewed asamusing and mocked by actors and the media. As a result, students enjoy seeing what antics the politicians are up to. This new attitude is a far cry from the dry, solemn tone of yesteryear.

Not only are political proceedings considered more entertaining, but they are also easier to access now than they were in the past. It is easy to look up issues on the internet or smart phones, so students can read about political events at any time. They do not have to buy a newspaper ordedicate a certain time to watching news on the television. Instead, they can read on the bus or while waiting to meet a friend. In fact, social media also rapidly spreads news about political events, allowing the news to reach millions more students than it would have in the past.

At the same time that technology makes news about politics more accessible, it encourages more awareness of events so that students do not feel left behind. Students want to follow issues so that they can converse in witty ways with their friends. They do not want to appear “out of the loop,” so they read up on what is happening. They take time to scan headlines and watch videos so that they are able to discuss such things with their peers.

Today, politics are presented as diverting and entertaining. New technology makes it easier for students to access news. In turn, students have more of a desire to learn about the news so they can keep up with their friends. As a result, students today follow politics much more than they did in the past.

the general audience

普通观众，大众

be viewed as X.X.X

被当做 X.X.X

be up to

从事于，忙于

be a far cry from the dry, solemn tone of yesteryear

与过去干巴巴的、严肃的语气大不相同

dedicate a certain time to do

花一定的时间去做

in witty ways

以诙谐的方式

out of the loop

在局外，在圈外

范文2：Argument 2 (against)

In the past, students were more aware of political issues than they are today. Most students today are raised in an environment that does not encourage insightful analysis of local and world events. Although technology has increased the availability of news, it does not mean that students regularly access it.

First, students lack the encouragement to interpret the news that they see. In the past, families often watched political news together around their single television. After seeing the news, they might argue different sides of the issue and analyze the ramifications of the decisions. Families sitting around the dinner table would invariably discuss politics. However, these opportunities are greatly reduced because families have more than one television, allowing members to view completely different shows. Very few families today sit down for a dinner with all members present. The structure of the home has changed so that students are not encouraged to participate in discussions about politics.

Second, priorities have changed so that students don’t have time or don’t want to watch politics. Why pay attention to dry, boring news when there are social media and extremely engaging video games? Students would prefer to gossip with friends about school and peers rather than discuss details of law and commerce. In the past, if students were not outside playing, they were isolated at home, leaving them with little to do other than pick up the newspaper and read events. However, today students can message friends or become absorbed in the internet, options that let them pursue other things than politics.

Finally, the way news is presented leaves students less educated about political events than they were in the past. Today, news is given as short, catchy headlines or video shots. For example, students may get a brief look at the highlight of a debate, but they do not understand the background or implications of the decision. They may see the funny moment when a politicianmakes a verbal slip, but they do not have any context for it. The current trend of making politics amusing is shifting the population’s awareness from a thoughtful analysis of politics to a humorous anecdote without a framework of reference.

Students today are not nearly as aware of political issues as they were in the past. Changing family structures, priorities, and news presentation methods have turned the tide towards a more superficial understanding of politics.

insightful analysis of local and world events

对当地和世界事件的深刻分析

analyze the ramifications of the decisions

去分析这些决定的后果

gossip with X

与X闲聊

become absorbed in

专注于，沉迷于

catchy headlines

吸引眼球的标题

make a verbal slip

犯口误

a thoughtful analysis of politics

托福写作高分 篇5

While knowledge is of course needed to get a job done, a person who can adapt well can find the information needed to succeed. A person does not need to know everything as long as he knows how to find answers. This point is made clear through a simple situation: a person needs to make a telephone call. The person can remember the telephone number and make the call. However, a person without that knowledge can still make the call if he is flexible enough to search for the phone number from a friend, a phone book, the internet, or other resource. It is clear that ability to learn is more effective than knowing the answer when an unfamiliar phone number is needed.

A person who can adapt can also bring new innovations to a workplace. Instead of just following the same pattern that everyone else uses, the adaptable personcan see better ways to complete tasks. For example, he could streamline processes or simplify procedures so that time and money is saved. The person is a much more valuable asset to the company than a person who sticks to routine. The adaptable person is therefore more likely to be promoted or given pay raisesbecause of his productivity.

Finally, an adaptable person can better handle crises or unexpected situations. Even if he does not have specific answers, he can react quickly and capably in an emergency. A dramatic example is when a fire breaks out in the building. A person who does not adapt well may panic or freeze. Alternately, he may stubbornly try to complete a task such as shutting down his computer before fleeing the building. By contrast, the adaptable person does not need to know procedures to use unfamiliar fire extinguishing equipment, seek safety, or help others find their way out of the building. This ability to deal with problems helps in ordinary situations such as organizational restructuring or transfers, too.

The ability to adapt helps a person succeed in many aspects of work and regular life. The person can solve problems, create more productive systems, and react effectively in new situations. Therefore, the ability to adapt is more important than having specific knowledge.

词句积累

knowledge is of course needed to get a job done 完成工作当然需要知识

the adaptable person 适应性强的人

streamline processes 精简流程

simplify procedures 简化程序

stick to routine 坚持常规

pay raises 涨薪

托福写作高分技巧揭秘 篇6

如果你是员工，公司的预算是拿来改善电脑等技术?还是改善工作室，让员工舒服办公?

话题分类：工作类&社会类

解题思路：

托福独立写作高分逻辑词汇 篇7

在OG给出的托福独立写作评分标准中，逻辑被重点强调：

“An essay at this level largely accomplishes all of the following:

1. Effectively addresses the topic and task.

2. Well organized and well developed, using clearly appropriate explanations, exemplifications, and /or details.

3. Displays unity, progression, and coherence.

4. Displays consistent facility in the use of language, demonstrating syntactic variety, appropriate word choice, and idiomaticity, though it may have minor lexical or grammatical errors.”

1.增补(Addition)

in addition， furthermore， again， also， besides， moreover， what`s more， similarly， next， finally.

2.比较(Comparison)

in the same way， likewise， similarly， equally， in comparison， just as

3.对照(Contrast)

whereas， in contrast， on the other hand， instead， however，nevertheless， unlike， even though， on the contrary， while

4.因果(Cause and effect)

because， because of， for， since， due to， owing to， thanks to， as a result(of)， accordingly， hence， so， thus

5.强调(Emphasis)

certainly， above all， indeed， of course， surely， actually， as a matter of fact， chiefly， especially， primarily， in particular， undoubtedly， absolutely， most imprtant

6.让步(Concession)

although， though， after all， in spite of， nevertheless， still， provided， while it is true...

7.例证(Exemplification)

for example， for instance， that is， namely， such as， in other words， in this case， by way of illustration.

8.总结(Conclusion)

to sum up， to conclude， in a word， in short， in brief， all in all， in all， to put it in a nutshell， in summary

9.推断(Inference)

therefore， as a result(of)， consequently， accordingly， so， otherwise

10.时间和空间(Time and space)

afterward， after， first， later， then， soon， outside， near， beyond， above， below， on the right(left)， in the middle， opposite， in front of

托福写作范文：Archaeology

Archaeology is a source of history, not just a bumble auxiliary discipline. Archaeological data are historical documents in their own right, not mere illustrations to written texts, Just as much as any other historian, an archaeologist studies and tries to reconstitute the process that has created the human world in which we live - and us ourselves in so far as we are each creatures of our age and social environment. Archaeological data are all changes in the material world resulting from human action or, more succinctly, the fossilized results of human behavior. The sum total of these constitutes what may be called the archaeological record. This record exhibits certain peculiarities and deficiencies the consequences of which produce a rather superficial contrast between archaeological history and the more familiar kind based upon written records.

Not all human behavior fossilizes. The words I utter and you hear as vibrations in the air are certainly human changes in the material world and may be of great historical significance. Yet they leave no sort of trace in the archaeological records unless they are captured by a Dictaphone or written down by a clerk. The movement of troops on the battlefield may “change the course of history,” but this is equally ephemeral from the archaeologist’s standpoint. What are perhaps worse, most organic materials are perishable. Everything made of wood, hide, wool, linen, grass, hair, and similar materials will decay and vanish in dust in a few years or centuries, save under very exceptional conditions. In a relatively brief period the archaeological record is reduce to mere scraps of stone, bone, glass, metal, and earthenware. Still modern archaeology, by applying appropriate techniques and comparative methods, aided by a few lucky finds from peat-bogs, deserts, and frozen soils, is able to fill up a good deal of the gap.

托福写作范文：Types of Speech

Standard usage includes those words and expressions understood, used, and accepted by a majority of the speakers of a language in any situation regardless of the level of formality. As such, these words and expressions are well defined and listed in standard dictionaries. Colloquialisms, on the other hand, are familiar words and idioms that are understood by almost all speakers of a language and used in informal speech or writing, but not considered appropriate for more formal situations. Almost all idiomatic expressions are colloquial language. Slang, however, refers to words and expressions understood by a large number of speakers but not accepted as good, formal usage by the majority. Colloquial expressions and even slang may be found in standard dictionaries but will be so identified. Both colloquial usage and slang are more common in speech than in writing.

Colloquial speech often passes into standard speech. Some slang also passes into standard speech, but other slang expressions enjoy momentary popularity followed by obscurity. In some cases, the majority never accepts certain slang phrases but nevertheless retains them in their collective memories. Every generation seems to require its own set of words to describe familiar objects and events. It has been pointed out by a number of linguists that three cultural conditions are necessary for the creation of a large body of slang expressions. First, the introduction and acceptance of new objects and situations in the society; second, a diverse population with a large number of subgroups; third, association among the subgroups and the majority population.

Finally, it is worth noting that the terms “standard” “colloquial” and “slang” exist only as abstract labels for scholars who study language. Only a tiny number of the speakers of any language will be aware that they are using colloquial or slang expressions. Most speakers of English will, during appropriate situations, select and use all three types of expressions.

托福综合写作万能模板

The speaker is mainly discussing _____, which differs from the main idea in the reading that____.

First of all, the speaker thinks that (the first point offered in the listening). By contrast, the reading materials believes that(the first main point appeared in reading). From the speaker, (the specific reasons or example to support the first point offered by the speaker).

Also, the speaker raises the issue that (the second point offered in lecture), which contradicts what is stated in the reading that(the second point and some concrete reasons or examples). The speaker tells us that (the second point and some concrete reasons or examples).