高考英语作文 高考作文(精选9篇)
开头:
1.Depending on personal experience, personal type and emotion concern, we find that some people hold the idea of..., while others prefer...
基于个人经历、个性类型和情感关注的不同,我们发现有人持……的观点,而另外一些人则更喜欢……
例句:Depending on personal experience, personal type and emotion concern, we find that some people hold the idea of living in the small town, while others prefer the big city.
基于个人经历、个性类型和情感关注的不同,我们发现有人喜欢生活在小城镇,而另外一些人则更喜欢大城市。
2.When asked about..., the vast/ overwhelming majority of/ most/ many/ quite a few people say/ think/ believe/ answer that... But...
当被问及……时,多数(大多数、许多)人认为(回答)……但是……
例句:When asked about choosing living place, the vast people think that living in the big city is perfect. But I think living in the small town is the better choice.
当被问及在选择居住地方时,多数人认为居住在城市是很棒的。但是我觉得住在小城镇更好。
3.When it comes to ..., some think/ hold/ believe...
当提及……时,有人认为……
例句:When it comes to sports, some believe basketball is the most popular one.
当提到运动时,有人认为篮球是最受欢迎的。
4.It has become apparent to us that...
对我们来说,……已经变得很明显了
例句:It has become apparent to us that living in a small town is more comfortable.
对我们来说,住在小城镇更加舒服。
5.Nowadays, it is commonly/ widely/ generally believed/ thought/ held that..., but I wonder/ doubt that...
如今,人们普遍认为……,但是我怀疑……
例句:Nowadays, it is generally believed that living in a big city is convenient, but I doubt that living in a small country is more comfortable.
如今,人们普遍认为住在大城市更便利,但是我觉得住在小城镇更加舒服。
6.With the rapid growth of..., ...have/has become increasingly important in our daily life.
随着……的快速增长,……日常生活中已经变得越来越重要。
例如:With the rapid growth of hi-tech skills, cellphone has become increasingly important in our daily life.
随着高科技的快速增长,手机在日常生活中已经变得越来越重要。
7.Recently the issue/ problem of...has been brought into focus/ brought to public attention/ in the limelight/ posed among the public.
近来,……的问题已经成为人们关注的焦点。
例句:Recently the issue of studying abroad has been brought into focus.
近来,出过留学的问题已经成为人们关注的焦点。
8.One of the hottest topics many people talk about now is...
人们热烈讨论的话题之一就是……
例句:One of the hottest topics many people talk about now is going abroad for study.
人们热烈讨论的话题之一就是出国留学。
结尾:
1.From above...
综上所述……
例句:From above, I think living in a big city is better.
综上所述,我认为居住在大城市是更好的。
2.Therefore, it is not difficult to draw the conclusion that...
因此,不难得出以下结论……
例句:Therefore, it is not difficult to draw the conclusion that living in a big city is better.
因此,不难得出居住在大城市更好的结论。
3.In a word, the whole society should pay close to the problem of... Only in this way can...in the future.
总之,全社会都应该密切关注……,只有这样将来才能……
例句:In a word, the whole society should pay close attention to the problem of protecting the environment. Only in this way can we have a good place to live in the future.
总之,全社会都应该密切关注环境保护问题,只有这样将来我们才能有一个生存的好地方。
4.To be sure, there may be difficulties we cannot overcome, but if we...
确实,有些困难我们无法克服,但如果我们能够……的话,……。
例句:To be sure, there may be difficulties we cannot overcome, but if we work hard, we can figure out another way to solve the problem.
确实,有些困难我们无法克服,但如果我们能够努力的话,我们就可以找到解决问题的另一种方法。
5.Taking into account all of these factors, we may reach the conclusion that...
考虑到所有因素,我们得出结论,……
例句:Taking into account all of these factors, we may reach the conclusion that study hard is good to us.
考虑到所有因素,我们得出结论好好学习对我们是有好处的。
6.In summary/ conclusion/ a word,...
总之……
例句:In summary, we should study hard.
总之,我们要好好学习。
7.As mentioned above,...
综上所述……
例句:As mentioned above, living in the small town is more comfortable.
综上所述,居住在小城镇更加的舒适。
8.Therefore, we have no reason to make a fuss about All in all,...
所以我们没有理由为……大惊小怪。总之,……
例句:Therefore, we have no reason to make a fuss about artificial intelligence. All in all, artificial intelligence will be more and more common in the future.
书面表达在高考英语试卷中占据着举足轻重的地位。它检查考生驾驭和综合运用所学单词、短语、语法知识的能力, 测试考生清楚自如地用英语进行表达的熟练程度。高考英语书面表达分值在整个考卷中占有极大比重, 作文不过关, 不可能获得高分。近几年的高考书面表达具有贴近生活、注重创新与自主多元三个特色, 这也是本年度英语高考书面表达题命题的三大亮点。
1. 内容切入生活, 形式多种多样
总的来说, 今年的高考书面表达试题大多能够真正地从课本出发, 从英语课堂出发, 从学生生活出发, 并与时代热点紧密贴合, 内容上以校园生活为主, 引导学生关注生活, 给了考生们更大的发挥空间;形式呈现多样化的趋势。这一特点对往年高考的一个最好延续。
2. 突破思维定势, 高举创新旗帜
高考改革在不断深入, 其改革精神在高考试题中体现日益明显, 高考试题对教学的指导意义才更突出。摆脱教材绝对权威的束缚, 突破以往某些方面的思维定势, 学会创造性地思考问题, 已势在必行。今年高考英语试题书面表达的突破创新, 既有内容上的也有形式上的;内容上的突破, 即在材料选取与对材料运用的要求上与往年有所不同;形式上的突破主要指体裁上的突破, 近年来英语作文体裁, 主要分为叙述类、实用文类 (包括书信、卡片、说明、留言、填写表格等类) 、图表类、论证类等, 自主命题以来, 多数省市考查的体裁相对固定。
3. 鼓励个性和创意, 彰显自主和多元
写作是运用语言文字进行表达和交流的重要方式, 是学生认识世界、自我认识, 进行创造性表述的过程。近年来, 英语高考作文命题尽可能减少写作束缚, 尊重学生的需要, 开放思想, 激发学生表达的欲望, 为学生自主写作提供有利的条件和广阔的空间。今年高考作文命题在这方面的表现尤为突出, 题目设置的条件明显放宽, 鼓励学生自由、有个性、有创意地表达, 使作文内容更趋多元化个性化。显然, 这样的命题实际上是让写作主体 (即我) 真正成为作文的主角, 让“我”可以更自主地表达自己的所思所。
二、写作技巧
如何有效提高学生的英语写作水平的关键在于让学生学会一些写作技巧。拿到一篇作文题目要知道写什么、怎样构思、如何润色。
1. 审准题意, 明确要求
目前高考作文以控制性写作为主, 通常会借助图画、图表、表格、文字提示等题材形式呈现, 所涉及到的体裁通常有人物介绍、活动记述、热点议论、观点对比、书信日记等。不管是什么样的题材、体裁, 考生在下笔之前必须认真读题、仔细观察、明确要求。
(1) 确定主题
一篇作文要是没有明确的主题和鲜明的观点, 那就成了无本之木、散沙一盘。要是主题偏差, 那文章就迷失了方向, 自然也就失去了写作的价值和意义。
(2) 确定时态
虽然不同体裁的作文可能用不同的时态进行叙述, 但一篇作文是一个有机整体, 其中大多数句子应统一用一种基础时态。如故事和日记最好用过去时态, 而说理性和评论性作文通常用现在时态, 申请书、通知则多半用将来时态。
(3) 确定人称
有些作文题目明确指出用第几人称。而大多数情况下, 需要考生自己去判断该用哪一个人称。
(4) 确定文体
不同文体开头、结尾有不同的格式要求。并非所有的作文题目都为考生写好了开头、结尾, 所以有必要在平时练习中弄清楚、并记住各种文体的格式。如书信和电子邮件开头应有称呼语、问侯语, 结尾应有祝福词和落款。日记开头应标明日期、星期几、天气情况。口头通知 (Announcement) 在称呼语之后, 一般以“ (May I have your) attention, please”开头, 结尾应说“That’s all.Thank you (for listening) ”, 而书面通知 (Notice) 只需结尾署名落款。
2. 理顺要点, 分清层次
在写任何一篇作文之前, 必须有一个总体的构想和设计, 不仅要知道写什么内容, 还应对如何安排段落和层次做到心中有数。
(1) 明确要点
一般来说, 仅仅写文字提示和图画、图表、表格已明确给出的要点是不够的。考生还必须挖掘出两三个隐含的要点, 尤其是作文的开头 (第一段) 和结尾 (最后一段) 写什么, 需要考生自己开动脑筋去发现要点、组织语言。否则就可能会要点不全、表达不完整。另外, 如果给出了一些相关的参考词汇, 要尽量想办法在作文中用上这些参考词汇。
(2) 增补细节
高考书面表达以半开放式作文居多。题目只会对考生写作的方向和思路作一些提示, 考生必须根据提示语展开联想并补充出具体的写作内容和细节。
(3) 布局段落
高考作文以三段式为宜。第一段的作用是引入话题, 通常两句话即可, 第一句话为引出话题做必要的铺垫, 第二句话开门见山地提出本文话题和观点。事实上, 这两句话的信息都可从作文题干叙述中信手拈来。题目已明确给出的要点可以全部放在第二段叙述。第三段通常要求写出自己的看法、感想、希望等, 考生必须围绕全文中心话题做灵活巧妙的扩展和适度贴切的延伸。
(4) 划分层次
第二段是三段式作文的正文, 也是全文的重心所在。考生可以按时间、空间、重要性、逻辑联系、正反对比等一定的顺序, 合理有序地安排和组织好所有的要点及论据。否则就会有杂乱无章, 层次不明之感。
3. 精打细磨, 提升品质
明确了写作要点, 布局好文章结构之后, 一篇作文就初具雏形了。但考生还应在词汇选择、句式变化、连贯通畅等方面反复推敲、精心润色才能提升作文的档次和品质, 达到相对完美的境界。
(1) 遣词造句, 连句成篇
依据简单句的基本句型, 将各个要点翻译成正确通顺的英语句子, 进而连句成篇。翻译时要尽量用自己最熟悉、最有把握的词汇和短语, 特别注意句子结构的完整性和词语的固定搭配。尤其要确认每个句子都不残缺谓语动词, 时态、语态正确无误。
(2) 摒弃单调, 避免重复
在表达要点时, 要尽量注意语言形式的多样化, 避免单调和重复。与主题相关的词语常常会多次重复出现, 应注意同义词、 (下转第15页) (上接第26页) 近义词和代词的使用;百分数应多用“most”“many”“much”“some”“a few”“a little”“a quarter”“half”“three quarters”“double”“more than”“less than”“almost”“nearly”等词替换或修饰。在有把握的情况下适量使用含定语从句、状语从句、名词性从句的主从复合句, 使文章增色添彩, 提高作文的含金量。
(3) 精心润色, 自然过渡
一篇作文是一个有机整体、句与句之间、段与段之间必然存在其内在的逻辑联系, 所以考生有必要恰当地使用一些过渡性词句, 使自己的作文浑然一体、脉络清晰、层层展开。
三、结语
综上所述, 一篇优秀的高考作文绝不是单词的简单堆积, 句子的无序排列。我们应力求做到结构完整、主题突出、内容翔实、语言无误、表达顺畅、富于变化。当然, 这也绝非一蹴而就的易事, 需要长期的细心琢磨、勤写多练方能功到自然成。
摘要:书面表达在高考英语试卷中占据着举足轻重的地位。它检查考生驾驭和综合运用所学单词、短语、语法知识的能力, 测试考生清楚自如地用英语进行表达的熟练程度。
一、提高的练习方法
一是在高考时紧张的心理状态下以及短暂的构思时间中,很多考生针对题目中给出的话题可能在脑中浮现出一些观点,但仍然感到无从下手,不知道如何把这些观点按照一定的结构组织起来,使其不再是一个个的观点,而是一套观点。
二是很多考生的语言表达功底不够深,总是用过于简单化的句子甚至是中式的句子来表达自己的意思,这样导致在语言上没有亮点,甚至还有很多语法等方面的错误。
高考写作评分要求中,对20~25分这一档的文章有一条是:“应用了较多的语法结构和词汇。语法结构或词汇方面有些许错误,但为尽量使用复杂结构或较高级词汇所致。”由此可见,较为高级的语法结构是写作时的一个亮点,这也就意味着考生需要挖空心思地使用一些有一定难度的句型、短语等,以此来表现自己的英语实力。
在这里我给大家提供一种比较切实可行迅速提高的练习方法,在接下来的时间里只要大家按照这个方法来,就一定会有收获。找出历年真题,一周只需要写两篇,但是要这么来写。
1.把你要写的内容要点用九到十句的汉语表达出来。
2.逐一地进行翻译,不是用简单句,而是要刻意地去想 。
(1)可以用什么样的复杂句。
(2)怎样去避开不会的表达,转义。
例如:
这本书是如此的有趣,以致于我读了一遍又一遍。
1)This book was so interesting that I read it again and again。
2)This was such an interesting book that I read it again and again。
3)This was so interesting a book that I read it again and again。
4)So interesting was this book that I read it again and again
二、提高英语构思的几个方面
首先大家应该了解的就是高考写作的结构。一篇文章的结构就相当于人的骨架。人的外形可以长得千奇百怪,但有一点必然是一样的,那就是每个人的骨架。有些畸形人之所以被视为畸形,就在于骨架跟正常人不一样。高考作文也同样如此,不同人写的文章在遣词造句等方面很可能是不同的,但作为一篇经典的地道的英文议论文,其结构必然是一样的。
在正式写作之前,首先需要列一个提纲,知道自己将要写什么。比如一块手表给一个朋友带来的影响可以有两个方面:一是这个朋友以前没有什么时间观念,有了这块表之后他可能会更加关注时间观念,做事情更加准时。二是这个朋友曾告诉你离开高中后很可能会十分想念高中的朋友,有了这块表,可以使他不那么孤单。
1.攻克图表作文难关
如何根据图画的内容,运用正确的语言和规定的篇幅来写好这类文章呢?例如:你校学生会组织两组同学分头到附近的两个村庄搞社会调查,了解农民致富的情况。调查结果如下表格…… 请根据以上提示写一篇100字左右的短文 。——《2005年普通高考学校全国二次模拟联考》
2.把握结构逻辑
(1)仔细审题,看懂图表的意思,整理要点,决定语言形式。
(2)开头直截了当,尽快入题,不要拐弯抹角,拖泥带水。
(3)行文一般以10个句子为宜。若用少于8句话来表达,句子容易表达不清;若用多于10句话来描述,则句子零乱与琐碎,文章缺乏整体感。
(4)用最有把握的词语句型将规定内容加以表达,并根据图表大意议论。
(5)应按照合理顺序,适当使用一些过渡性的连接词,将句子连珠成串。
(6)结尾要干净利落,既不能拉杂,也不能草率,要显得自然,恰当得体。
三、英语写作、应试答题技巧
高考的考场上,考生要把自己的水平最大限度地发挥出来,掌握一定的应试技巧也是相当重要的。
技巧一:缜密审题,明确要求。弄清题意,确定已知条件,挖掘隐含条件,明确题目要求,寻找条件与问题之间的联系。
技巧二:先易后难,紧中有序。在答题时,为了做到紧中有序,可以在考前或统览全卷时就大体的分配一下答题的时间,按照“量体裁衣,看分花时”的原则,预先为每门考试做一个时间规划。
技巧三:简明扼要,卷面整洁。答题时要抓住要点,按照一定的逻辑顺序,简明准确的组织答案。
技巧四:涂卡及时,检查得法。一定要及时的填涂答题卡。检查的几个步骤是:有无漏题→笔误→审题是否正确→答题所用原理概念是否正确。
技巧五:提示议论文写作技巧。文章开头,能依据提示确立主题句(topic)阐明观点或看法;使用连接词分层次说明理由、缘由(supporting sentences);归纳总结,首尾呼应。做到论点正确无误;论据可靠充分。论据可以是人们公认的真理,也可以是经过实践考证的经典著作;论证合理严密。常用论证法有归纳法、推理法、对比法。
技巧六:记叙文写作技巧。一般说来记叙文有时间、地点、人物、事件、原因和结果六要素,写作时要明白清楚地给予表达。记人时,要注意介绍人物的身世、经历和事迹等。叙事时要描写事情发生与发展的过程。
技巧七:应用文写作技巧。主要以写信为主。英文书信由6个部分组成。它们是信头、信内地址、称呼、正文、结束语、签字。格式一定要正确。信的正文和写文章一样,要分段写,每一段有一个中心思想。
1. Happiness takes no account of time.
【翻译】欢乐不觉时光过。
【解释】
这句话在写各种记叙文时都能用得上,一般放在最后一段的开头,常见于北京卷情景作文的“外出活动”类话题。一旦出现“大家一起出门,做了个什么事儿,然后回家或回学校”这样的话题时,就可以在文章的最后一段写上这样一句话:
As the saying goes, happiness takes no account of time. After 3 hours‘ work, talk and laugh, a gorgeous sunset reminded us that it‘s time to return. Exhausted as we were, we felt our time and effort extremely worthwhile,for 。。。(此处写上活动的意义,如“we devoted the whole afternoon to environmental protection.”)。
正如谚语有云,欢乐不觉时光过。经过了三个小时的辛劳与欢笑,壮丽的夕阳告诉我们,该回家了。尽管很疲惫,我们仍然觉得这些时间、精力花的很值,因为。。。(此处写上活动的意义,如“我们把整个下午都贡献给了环保事业。”)。
北京卷考“外出捡垃圾”,考“外出种树”,两年的真题都能用到这个谚语和上述表达,大家一定要认真掌握,活学活用!
2. Time and tide wait for no man.
【翻译】时光如潮水,奔腾不待人。
【解释】
这句话是“珍惜时间”话题的必备表达。既可以放在文章开头,又可以放在最后一段第一句。
“Time and tide wait for no man.“ What a truth it is! If the tide has receded, how can a sailor sail away for his voyage in the sea? Similarly, if the time has gone,how can we enrich our journey in our life?
”时光如潮水,奔腾不待人”,这是何等的真理!潮水退去,水手如何能继续海中的航行?时光流逝,你我如何再灿烂生命的`旅程?
【注解】
1、为了体现充沛的情绪,这里用了两个反问句,形成了颇为严格的对仗结构。
2、这句话的汉语和英语同样精彩,值得玩味:在翻译过程中,使用了一个汉语写作中的重量级技巧:形容词当动词用。看出在哪儿了吗?对,就是这个“灿烂生命的旅程”。这着着实实是一个技巧!相似的表达还有很多,老师当场写首诗教给你们:
寂寞我的冬夜
去温柔你的黎明
湿润我的眼眶
去多彩你的黄昏
不安了生命的轨道
又渺小了宇宙的星辰
只期待与你相遇
是沧桑不变的真诚
【试题回放】
假设你是李越,你的加拿大笔友Steve来信说,他和他的一些同学正在学中文,请你推荐两本学中文的词典。根据下表提供的信息,请你给他写一封回信。英汉/汉英词典新华字典收词(字)18,000(英语)20,000(汉语)10,000,价格52元、11元,特点大量例子、用法说明,适合初学者。中国最常用的汉语字典参考词汇:推荐recommend (V.),英汉/汉英词典The English-Chinese 、Chinese-English Dictionary (ECCED),新华字典Xinhua Dictionary (XD)。
Dear Steve:
I’m so pleased to learn that you and your classmates are learning Chinese.I’d like to recommend the following two dictionaries.The English-Chinese/Chinese-English Dictionary is really a good one for beginners. It has 18,000 English words and 20,000 Chinese words. Besides plenty of examples, it has many notes telling you bow to use a word. Xinhua dictionary is the most popular Chinese dictionary , and it has a vocabulary of 10,000 words. It may also be useful to some advanced learners of Chinese. Of the two, ECCED is the more expensive, costing 52 yuan, and XD costs 11 yuan.Please let me know if you want me to buy these dictionaries.
Yours,
Li Yue
【名师点评】
Over the past couple of years, a variety of talent shows have emerged on TV channels across the nation, from Super Girls to Happy Boys and so forth.This type of entertainment program is intensely popular, especially among young adults and has produced profound impacts on their studies and life.There are a couple of reasons behind the tide.To start with, young folks need role models to learn from.So many of them are crazy for contestants participating in these programs.This gives rise to the increasing emergence of these shows because TV networks naturally need to cater to young audiences.Plus, thanks to economic and political reforms carried out by the government, this crop of young generation have more freedom and desire to express and showcase themselves.Therefore, a growing number of young people desire to get involved in these shows.This is a divisive topic.On my personal level, the talent show is a superb means of relaxing and amusing and can hugely relieve our strains.As senior high school students, however, we could not afford to indulge in them and should be aware of the utmost importance of studies.食品安全问题
On the Food Security
Over the past couple of years, several cases of the food scandal have been disclosed on various media.The problem of food security has become a hot button across society.The prevalence of food insecurity has greatly impacted public health, which the government could not afford to ignore, according to the online edition of the People Daily.There are a couple of driving forces, I would argue, behind this undesirable tide.First, in the course of the rapid economic evolution, we ignore moral education, giving rise to the rising rate of the problem.More importantly, the lack of adequate regulation and punishment on those illegal producers enforces the trend.As Confucius instructed, it is better late than never.Prompt and strict measures should be taken to turn back this evil trend.The government should launch a massive moral campaign to educate all citizens and draw up tougher laws to crack down on those irresponsible corporations and prohibit them from entering the food industry again.I am firmly convinced that through our combined efforts we are bound to enjoy more risk-free foods in the days ahead.社会不文明现象
On Uncivilized Behaviors
We cannot fail to notice that countless uncivilized behaviors exist in our daily lives, such as spitting, talking loudly, littering, saying nasty words in public places and so forth.All these are bad manners that we should not lose sight of.As an ancient land enjoying a splendid civilization spanning over 5,000 years, China is witnessing a surge in improper acts that every Chinese citizen should feel ashamed of.Uncivilized behaviors by a host of Chinese both at home and abroad have seriously affected China’s image, according to an editorial posted on People Daily’s official website.As Chinese, we should not get offended when others point out our weaknesses but should focus more attention on improving ourselves.We should strive to identify the causes of those improper behaviors and find ways to eliminate them.There are a host of causes, I would argue, behind this trend.To name only one: the lack of moral education.The government should wage a massive moral campaign to fight against this trend and we ourselves should endeavor to behave decently in our daily lives.As college students of the new age, we should take the leading role.感恩
On Cultivating the Sense of Gratitude
On college campuses across the nation, there is a noticeable phenomenon that we cannot afford to ignore: far too many young college students lack the sense of gratitude, one of the countless traditional virtues of this ancient land with a splendid civilization spanning over 5,000 years.These young adults were not and are not aware of the huge importance of expressing gratitude to those who once helped them, from teachers to parents and so forth.Personally, I deem that the root cause of students without a graceful heart is that they receive an education not valuing the moral sphere.I strongly believe that joint efforts from folks across society are the final remedy for this social headache.As young university students of the new era, we should make our own contributions to this cause.Imagine a world without the sense of gratitude.This kind of world is doomed to failure.Simply put, we should join our hands to heighten our awareness of fostering a graceful heart.Only in this way can we build our society into a harmonious one.My fellow students, I beg you to act from now on.1.低碳生活(话题来源:哥本哈根气候大会)
Direction: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the topic of “Low-carbon Life”.You should write at least 150 words following the outline given below:
1、低碳生活方式受到人们的欢迎
2、低碳生活的意义
3、我们应该„„
Recently, low-carbon becomes a high-frequency and fashionable word which gets the greatest concern in the world.Low-carbon life means a kind of lifestyle in which people do their best to reduce energy consumption and carbon greenhouse gas emissions.It is of vital importance for the whole world to practice the low-carbon lifestyle.Firstly, our natural resources and energy are limited;therefore, it is absolutely necessary for us to save and protect them.Secondly, in order to protect our environment from serious greenhouse effect, we need a low-carbon emission.It is low-carbon life that enables our next generations to live a better and superior life.What we should bear in mind is that the earth is common home.Thus, every one is well advised to practice this lifestyle and there are several ways for us to do this.Firstly, every one is expected to cultivate their awareness of saving energy.Then, we are also hoped to help our families and friends to live a low-carbon life.Only by doing so can we hope to create a world where all humans enjoy a clean and tidy environment.(185words)
2.与前文相关主题
Pollution: An Increasing Concern in China
1. 中国的污染的现状
2. 造成污染的原因
3. 解决的办法
It is reported that ten big cities in China are being ranked among the top twenty cities with the highest pollution index in the world.This means it is high time we did something to bring the situation under control.Many factors are contributing to the deteriorating situation: industrial wastes pumped into the air, the lakes and rivers;a increasing number of automobiles crowding into the streets;the widespread use of plastic bags etc.To my view, stiffer laws and regulations must be implemented to check pollution.Industries that release wastes without permission should be heavily fined.Cars should be equipped to minimize the exhaust they release into the air.And the use of plastic bags and disposable meal boxes should be banned.What’s more, the media should play an important role in implanting a sense of environmental consciousness into people’s mind.If everybody works toward a common goal of making the environment better, we can create a cleaner and lovelier world for us and for the coming generation.世博主题:Better City, Better Life(太长,用时需改短)
Nowadays, with the fast development of economy of the world, many cities become bigger and bigger and many modern cities are appearing.Thus, we face the complex problem: Urbanization.Urbanization has been a subject of heated discussion for a long time.Some people are in favor, while others are opposed.In my opinion, urbanization benefits human beings rather than do harm to them.Two reasons may account for my conclusion.Firstly, urbanization enriches our life.We can imagine what will happen without convenient traffic system, without big department stores, without KTVs and many other entertainments? To some extent, it is impossible for human beings to live in this world.Urbanization make it possible for us to enjoy our life more than before, Also, urbanization quicken the pace of science, especially in the communication field, in the early time, if we want to connect with our family members or friends, the only way we can choose is writing letters.But urbanization changed this situation, we can talk with the friends in the foreign countries with our any difficulties through the Internet, we gain whatever information we need on the internet.These conveniences are brought by the urbanization.Secondly, urbanization also raise our country economy.As we all know, the policy of Reform and Opening give our country a golden opportunity to develop our economy, we have a direct feeling about the dramatic increasing of our living standard, many productions that we cannot afford in the past time can be owned in today.This phenomenon proves that urbanization benefits our life basically.With the fast step of urbanization, many job opportunities are supplied in the occupation market which makes many rural migrant workers get a solid work in the urban area.They also contribute to the economic development in the urban area.These prosperities are definitely brought by the urbanization.I live in Shanghai, and it is a typical big city in China.I found that we also have many negative sides of urbanization.For instance, we can talk to the friends thousands miles away, but we don’t know our neighbors in the high-rises;many migrant workers do not enjoy the same profits and rights as the permanent unban residents and this will make their living without and insurance system.But we don’t need to be so pessimistic of the situation at hand.It is evident that the advantages of urbanization outweigh the disadvantages.What we should do is to remain the positive side , meanwhile to conquer the negative side.Our government will also introduce many effective policies to narrow this contradictory.So we have enough reasons to believe the situation will become better and better so that we can reach our aim ”better city, better life ”!
4.校园安全问题
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the topic Campus Security.You should write at least 120 words, and base your composition on the outline(given in Chinese)
1)近年来发生在校园的意外事件不断增加,校园安全问题备受关注
2)对此我们应该采取哪些措施
本题属于提纲式文字命题。提纲第1点要求阐述目前校园里出现的一种问题,提纲第2点要求提供解决办法,由此可判断本文应为问题解决型作文。
根据所给提纲,本文应包含以下内容:阐述“目前校园意外事件不断出现”这一问题,校园安全问题备受关注的现状;我们应当采取哪些措施来应对;总结全文。
Campus Security
Security issue may sound clichéd, but when it comes to the campus security, we have to take it seriously.Nearly every day, there are reports to the security office on campus that valuable things are stolen away.A surrounding with stealing, mugging can’t be worse for studying.In such cases, what measures should be taken to improve the campus security?
On the one hand, we students should strengthen our security awareness.Once we smell out something unusual, we should report it to the campus guard immediately.On the other hand, more equipment such as monitors should be installed on campus so as to detect crimes as soon as possible.Besides, a proper amount of security guards should be arranged to patrol the campus。
先介绍一下2008年全国卷Ⅰ的作文内容。其内容大致如下:假定你是李华, 从小喜欢大熊猫 (panda) , 一直通过有关网站 (website) 关注三年前在美国圣迭哥动物园出生的大熊猫“苏琳”和她的母亲“白云”。现在苏琳即将三岁。请根据以下要点给动物园工作人员写一封信。信的内容要包括四个方面:1.自我介绍;2.祝贺苏琳生日;3.感谢工作人员;4.索取苏琳三岁生日照。其实, 无论是从作文的题材还是内容, 我们都不能够说这是一篇很难写的英语作文。但是, 看似很简单的英语作文, 考生们却在表达时出现了这样那样的错误。
一、考生的主要错误
1. 审题不清, 离题偏题。
很多考生平时没有养成认真审题的好习惯, 拿到试卷后马马虎虎地看了一眼便开始下笔了。他们根本不知道作文的要点是什么, 以致离题千里。有一篇比较典型的作文内容大致
如下:I hate pandas.I think people should pay attention to the peo ple in Sichuan Province because of the terrible earthquake....还有
的考生根本不知道白云和苏琳是母女关系, 而是把白云当成了女儿, 并且以为女儿白云和母亲苏琳都在美国出生, 如此的错误, 让阅卷教师啼笑皆非。
2. 错句太多, 影响表达。
本篇作文中, 普遍存在的错误是“I am very like the pan da.”其实阅卷教师很明白学生想表达他对熊猫的喜爱之情, 却不料笔下误变成了他非常像熊猫了。还有一个典型的错误是这样的:“I know Sulin is born in an American zoo.”或“He was birthed in America.”有很多常见的基本的英语表达学生都不会使用, 一用就出错误。一篇百字的英语作文, 如果没有几个正确的英语句子, 那么得分肯定高不了。
3. 句式单一, 乏味单调。
句子结构直接影响意义的表达和文章的档次。其实高考对书信的写作要求不算很高, 只要要点齐全、语言流畅、过渡自然即可。可是, 我在阅卷中发现部分考生写出的英语句子不是主系表结构就是主谓宾句式, 一个句子通常是三五个单词, 一篇作文当中找不出其它的句式来。这样的一篇英语作文让教师读起来味同嚼蜡, 分数自然不会高。
4. 乱涂乱抹, 字迹潦草。
很多考生可能没有打草稿的习惯, 把作文直接写在答题纸上。可是写完以后又觉得某个地方没有写好, 于是没有办法, 就直接在答题卷上胡乱改起来。如此改动几处, 卷面已是面目全非了。更何况从2008年起英语高考是网上阅卷, 阅卷教师不是直接在答题卷上打分, 而是把英语第二卷扫描到电脑里, 这样涂改得很乱的作文被放大以后就更难看了。还有的考生书写还不如初中生水平, 标点符号与大小写全不在乎, 教师不知道他在表达什么意思。而评分标准就有这样一条规定:如书写较差影响交际, 将分数降低一个档次。
二、临场发挥的技巧
1. 仔细审题, 吃透要求。
审题包括审要求, 审文体, 审人称。首先, 要特别注意高考书面表达题中的“注意”一项。对于题目所提供的说明, 无论是英语还是汉语, 都应该认真分析、反复推敲, 弄清楚提出的内容要求, 抓住所要表达的信息点。其次, 审题时要注意不同文体在格式上的要求, 英语汉语相同的文体在表达方式上有很大的差异。最后是确定人称。书面表达中的人称关系尤为重要, 因为能否确定人称决定了考生能否从合适的身份、口气, 适当的角度进行表达, 这对获取高分很重要。
2. 列出要点, 合理布局。
书面表达一定要切题, 抓住中心, 紧扣要点, 不要任意发挥, 防止画蛇添足, 节外生枝。更要注意不要出现丢三落四、要点不全的现象。因此, 在审清题意后, 要列出所要表达的要点, 整理好各要点的表达顺序和层次。在行文前最好把各要点用清楚明白的简要形式列出或标明。列要点时要将要点列详细一些, 防止遗漏。
3. 依据提纲, 扩展成文。
列出要点, 编制提纲后再将其扩展成文, 这一步骤最好在草稿纸上进行, 便于修改增减, 这是整个写作过程的关键环节。一篇百字左右的英语作文一般由八至十个句子组成。句子太少就容易繁杂冗长, 太多则容易零乱、琐碎, 使文章缺乏整体感。写作时应避免母语干扰, 用最准确的语言表达。如果遇到可用不同词语表达同一意思的情况, 应扬长避短, 尽量选择自己最有把握的最熟悉的表达方式。写作中应使用过渡词, 使全文通顺连贯, 过渡自然, 层次分明。
4. 仔细检查, 查漏补缺。
将提纲扩展成文后, 还要反复检查。一看体裁、内容及人称是否符合试题的要求。二看要点是否有遗漏。三看句子结构是否完整, 词语搭配是否正确得当。四看语法、大小写和标点符号有无遗漏错用。
关键词:文体分析;评分标准;具体步骤;有效训练
中图分类号:G632 文献标识码:B 文章编号:1002-7661(2014)06-214-01
无论是新疆参加的全国一卷,还是全国二卷,还是2011年参加的课标卷,我们的高考试卷的最后一个大题都是英语作文,分值占据25分或者30分。和田地区的学生普遍英语基础较差,写作能力差。但是通过本人16年来的英语执教,我发现再差的学生,其实在写作上都是可以培训的,都是在高考中可以拿到一定分数的项目。而且,通过严格的训练,分值是可增的。可以这么说,如果在高考场上,你想要成为一个24分(现在满分为25分)的写作高手,那么你就可以实现你的目标。如果你很差,你给你自己定位是15分的人,那么你能拿到这样的分数,前提是你需要按照我的步骤。也就是说,在高考场上,英语作文是最具定的一个你能够拿到多少分的项目。那么,我们必须想尽一切办法,在平时的训练中,确保写作分数稳拿。
一、高考卷英语作文文体分析
历届的英语作文文体无非以下类型:书信;看图作文;发言稿;电子邮件;说明文;新闻报道;议论文(正反观点对比);记叙文;自我介绍;介绍他人等文体。我们在体裁上要有多种准备。但是,不论如何,高考英语作文总是要求叙述一件事情或者介绍一个人,并要求尽可能表达清楚、连贯。因此,准备的重点应该放在记叙文、应用文和议论文上。
二、新疆高考英语作文的评分标准
1、词数100字左右。针对和田学生基础不是很好的情况下,我建议好的学生最多不要超过120字,差一点的学生写80个字就可以了。因为写得多,错的概率就越大。在高考作文中,80—120字范围以外的首先是要扣2分的。
2、可适当增减,以使行文通顺。
3、简单通畅,符合英文习惯。
4、适当应用中学阶段所学句型,例如定语从句的应用。
5、上下行文之间有一定的连接词,转折词,或常用副词词组,以便文章通顺。
三、高考场上英语作文的具体步骤
1、审题。拿到题目以后,首先要认真审题,要看写的文章是什么体裁来写,并且确立时态。 要按照所提供的信息去写。千万不可随意立意选材,随意发挥。要把内容要点概括到文章中去。
2、构思和组织材料。在确定题目以后,就可以对文章本身进行构思和组织材料。
3、拟定提纲。构思好以后,要通过列提纲是要写的内容条理化。可以逐条列出要求表达的各个要点。写提纲有以下几点好处:(1)可以扩大思路。(2)可以按次序安排好素材。(3)将文章文段。(4)明确写作的中心思想,不致离题。
4、定稿。一篇文章的最大工程就是写出初稿。新疆的英语高考作文基本上是三段式作文。第一段,两个至三个简单句。第二段,四个至五个简单句。第三段,两道三个简单句。其中,适当地穿插一定的中学所学句型,例如,定语从句等。
5、化难为易。我认为这是写英语作文的一个精髓的东西。我们现行的英语高考作文,只要求用简单通畅,符合英文习惯的句型来写。那么,我们的构思,永远不可以脱离这个要素。我们要学会分解中文句子,化难为易,化长为短,用平常我们熟悉的句型,用我们平时掌握的句型来写。切不可按照中文的习惯,一字不漏地去翻译。语言不是我们去按照另一种语言习惯去编,而是英语这种语言的重组。我们可以用一种最简单的方式,把句子掐短,添加适当的主语,这样句子就短了,我们就不容易犯错误。如果我们平常背诵的句型准确无误,我们才能去使用。如果我们不会写某个单词,则我们可以换成另一种方式来表达。高考英语作文,主要考的是句型,只要句型没有问题,某一个单词错误不是最主要的问题。如果我们不能把握好化难为易的原则,那么,我们写出来的很可能就是中文式英语,错漏百出。
6、把握时间。正常情况下,在高考,由于时间仓促,学生不会灵活安排时间,及至到了写作时,没有时间,而导致作文乱画,得分很低。那么在平时的训练中,我们就要给学生灌输先易后难的原则,一定要确保作文能够得到的分数。哪怕先写作文也行。这就需要我们平时的模拟考试以及庭作业中布置作文时,都要把握好作文的时间:15分钟至20分钟。
7、注意卷面的整洁。一篇字迹优美,卷面干净的作文,至少可以多拿2分。请大家一定要注意和在乎。
四、高中英语老师对学生进行有效地训练
第一阶段:背诵积累阶段。《5年高考英语满分作文》这本书很好。我们在高一高二时,几乎把这本书上面所涉及到的漂亮句型过了一遍。平时几乎每一天我们都背诵、听写。
第二阶段:给出句子结构和关键词,组织学生来串文章。先让学生口头上串,同桌可以商量讨论,然后领着学生口头上串。再让学生写在自己的作文本上,老师批改,学生修正。最后,给出范文,并且要求默写范文。自己本人在高一高二,用了两年的时间来做这件事。
第三阶段:实战练习。本人所任教的班级,高三时几乎每一周要进行两篇作文的实际演练。先让学生自己写,老师当面指出错误,学生回家修改,直到正确为止。然后,老师再给出较好的句型和关键词,带领学生口头上串。学生把范文要求写在作文本上,再批改,再听写、默写。
1.There is no doubt that + 句子~~(毫无疑问的...)
例句:There is no doubt that our educational system leaves something to be desired.毫无疑问的我们的教育制度令人不满意。
2.~~~ enable + Object(宾语)+ to + V(..使..能够..)
例句:Listening to music enables us to feel relaxed.听音乐使我们能够感觉轻松。
3.spare no effort to + V(不遗余力的)
We should spare no effort to beautify our environment.我们应该不遗余力的美化我们的环境。
4.be closely related to+名词(与...息息相关)
例句:Taking exercise is closely related to health.做运动与健康息息相关。
5.It is time + S + 过去式(该是...的时候了)
例句:It is time the authorities concerned took proper steps to solve the traffic problems.该是有关当局采取适当的措施来解决交通问题的时候了。
(It is high time that we put considerable / great / special emphasis on …)
6.When it comes to …当提到。。
7.Different people have/hold different opinions/views on the question/problem/matter.Some believe that...;Others argue that...;Still others maintain that...8.Taking all these factors into consideration, we naturally come to the conclusion that…
把所有这些因素加以考虑,我们自然会得出结论…
(From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw a conclusion that….)
From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw a conclusion that part-time job can produce a far-reaching impact on students and they should be encouraged to take part-time job, which will benefit students and their family, even the society as a whole.通过上面的讨论,我们不难得出结论:业余工作对学生们会产生深远的影响,我们应鼓励学生从事业余工作,这将有利于学生和他们的家庭,甚至整个社会。
9.A number of factors might contribute to(lead to 或者account for)the phenomenon(problem).(There are three factors accounting for the problem of …)
10.Only in this way can we adapt ourselves to the society quickly after we graduate.总结
on the whole,in conclusion,in a word,to sum up,in brief,in summary,to conclude,to summarize,in short.,As has been stated...列出解决办法:
Here are some suggestions for handling…
这是如何处理某事的一些建议.The best way to solve the troubles is…
解决这些麻烦的最好办法是…
People have figured out many ways to solve this problem.人们已找出许多办法来解决这个问题.表示重要、必要、困难、方便、可能
1)It is important(necessary,difficult,convenient,possible)for sb.to do sth.
2)We think it necessary to do sth.
3)It plays an important role in our life.
辩论中常用的句型:
1)There is no doubt that...2)It is obvious/clear that...3)As is known to all,...5)It goes without saying that...(不用说,不成问题,很自然……)
【高考英语作文 高考作文】推荐阅读:
高考英语作文练习05-26
高考英语作文高级06-13
高考英语作文结尾06-19
四川高考英语作文06-22
预测高考英语作文07-18
高考英语作文模块07-25
高考英语作文万能10-21
高考英语必背英语作文06-04
高考英语作文评分细则06-03
海边野餐高考英语作文06-12