英语测试卷七年级期末(精选8篇)
B) 你将听到两段对话和一篇短文,每段对话或短文后各有几道小题,选出你认为最合适的答案,各听两遍。
听下面一段对话,回答第6~7题。
6 . Who will go boating in the park?
A. Andy. B. Jim and Kate. C. Andy, Jim and Kate.
7. Where will they meet?
A. At the gate of the park. B. At the gate of the school. C. At Kate’s home
听第二段对话,回答第8~10题。
8. Who is ill in hospital?
A. Mike’s mother. B. Mike’s grandfather. C. Mike’s grandmother.
9. When did Mike go to the hospital yesterday?
A. In the morning. B. In the afternoon. C. In the evening.
10. Which team won the match?
A. England. B. France. C. America.
C) 根据所听短文,回答第11~15题。
11. When does Daniel’s ideal school start?
A. At 9:00 a.m. B. At 3:00 p.m. C. At 9:30 a.m.
12. How many students are there in each class in Daniel’s ideal school?
A. Forty. B. Fifty. C. Fifteen.
13. Which is Daniel’s favourite subject?
A. Computer Studies. B. Maths. C. English.
14. What kind of food can Daniel eat every day?
A. Fruit and meat. B. Fruit and vegetables. C. Vegetables and meat.
15.Where does Daniel go on a school trip every month?
A. To a museum. B. To a cinema. C. To a park.
二、单项填空(共15小题,每小题1分,满分15分)
从A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的正确选项。
16. girls took part in the Happy Girl Competition, but only few of them succeeded.
A. Thousand of B. Two thousands C. Two thousand of D. Thousands of
17. —Do you hear there was fire in the hotel last night?
—Yes. fire was terrible.
A. the; The B. /; A C. the; A D. a; The
18. Do you know what Wang Lei yesterday?
A. happened B. happened to C. happens to D. will happen to
19. Our teacher asked us to write story.
A. a 80-word B. an 80-word C. a 80-words D. an 80-words
20. —Would you like to come to my home for supper with me tomorrow?
—I’d love to, but I a business trip (出差).
A. am going to having B. will having
C. am going to have D. had
21. Now many people like to play a game “QQ Farm”.
A. call B. calls C. called D. calling
22. —Can a plane fly the Pacific Ocean (太平洋) ?
—Yes, but it needs to go the clouds for hours.
A. across; through B. through; across C. cross; through D. through; across
23. It’s too late. go home, Sandy?
A. Why not B. Why don’t C. Would you like D. What about
24. In autumn, you can often see leaves in the air.
A. to fly B. flew C. have flown D. fly
25. —What is Amy cooking in the kitchen?
—Fish, I guess. good cook she is!
A. What a B. What C. How a D. How
26. —Mike, I can’t stop playing computer games.
—For your eyes, I am afraid you .
A. have to B. may C. would D. could
27. —Paul, why didn’t you close the windows yesterday?
—Really? I remember them before I left.
A. to close B. closing C. not to close D. not closing
28. — does it take to get to the bus stop from your home?
—About twenty minutes.
A. How far B. How much C. How long D. How many
29. Ann is a girl because she often leaves books in the park.
A. tidy B. brave C. careless D. friendly
30. —Do you know some butterflies taste with their feet?
— I can’t believe it.
A. Yes, you’re right. B. Oh, I think so. C. Certainly. D. Oh, really?
三、完形填空(共10小题,每小题1分,满分10分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后所给各题的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Long ago, a young man often said that he was very 31 and owned nothing. One day, an old man walked 32 . He heard the young man’s words and said, “Hello, young man! What are you 33 about? You have nothing? That’s not true! You have the most expensive things in the world, 34 you are a rich person.” The young man was very surprised and asked, “ 35 do you say that? You can see I have nothing. What are these expensive things?” Then 36 old man said, “If you sell your eyes to a rich blind man, you’ll 37 a lot of money and can get everything you want. Would you like to sell them?” The young man didn’t want to be blind, so he said, “No.” The old man asked again, “Then what about 38 your hands for some gold?” The young man shook (摇) his 39 for the second time. Finally, the old man said, “Now you understand. You have the most expensive things in the world.” So, the old man taught both the young man and us a lesson— 40 is the most important for us.
31. A. poor B. rich C. healthy D. strong
32. A. across B. past C. through D. away
33. A. talking B. drawing C. singing D. telling
34. A. but B. or C. so D. however
35. A. What B. When C. Why D. How
36. A. the B. a C. an D. /
37. A. save B. buy C. get D. collect
38. A. putting up B. selling C. turning D. washing
39. A. eye B. leg C. hand D. head
40. A. gold B. time C. health D. money
四、阅读理解(共10小题, 每小题1分,满分10分)
阅读下列材料,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中,选出最佳选项。
A
When you are in England,you must be very careful in the street because the traffic drives on the left. You must look at the right first and then the left, then you can cross the street. If the traffic lights are red, the traffic must stop. Then the people on foot can cross the road. If the traffic lights are green, the traffic can go. People on foot mustn’t cross.
When you go by bus in England, you have to be careful, too. Always remember the traffic moves on the left. Have a look first, or you will go the wrong way. In many English cities, there are big buses with two floors. You can sit on the second floors. From there you can see the city very well. It’s very interesting.
41. When you are in England, you must remember that .
A. there are not any traffic lights. B. the traffic drives on the left.
C. the traffic drives on the right. D. there are many cars on the road.
42. Before you cross a street in England, you must look at first and then .
A. the left, the right B. the right, the left
C. the front, the black D. the back, the front
43. Why must you be careful when you go by bus in England?
A. Because there are too many cars.
B. Because there are too many people.
C. Because you may go the wrong way.
D. Because the traffic lights are different from ours.
44. It’s interesting to in England.
A. cross the street
B. look at the traffic lights
C. look at the people in the street
D. sit on the second floor of a big bus and see the city
45. Which is the best title of this passage?[
A. Traveling in England B. Buses in England
C. Traffic in England D. Traffic lights in England
B
Mum gives little Tom ten yuan. Then little Tom goes shopping. He gets on the bus and sits down next to an old woman. Then he sees the old woman’s handbag is open. There is ten yuan in it. He quickly looks into his pocket. The money isn’t here now! Little Tom is sure that the old woman is a thief (小偷). He decides to take back the money from the old woman’s bag. He carefully puts his hand into the old woman’s bag, takes the money and says nothing. Suddenly the old woman shouts, “Where is my money? I can’t find it. There is a thief in the bus.” Little Tom feels strange. Then he sees ten yuan under his seat. Little Tom is thinking a question now, “Am I a thief?”
46. is sitting beside little Tom.
A. A young woman B. An old woman C. A young man D. An old man
47. Little Tom sees in the old woman’s handbag.
A. a wallet B. a packet C. ten yuan D. ten dollars
48. Little Tom is sure that the old woman is a .
A. thief B. teacher C. rich woman D. poor woman
49. Little Tom sees ten yuan under his seat.
A. his own B. the old woman’s C. the thief’s D. the driver’s
50. Which of the following is right?
A. Little Tom is a bad boy. B. Little Tom makes a mistake.
C. Mum gives little Tom twenty yuan. D. Little Tom often steals (偷) things.
五、词汇(共15小题,每小题1分;满分15分)
A) 根据所给提示及句意,写出句中所缺单词,使句子意思完整正确。
51. The world around us is full of _____ (令人惊奇的) things.
52. There are many _____ (钢琴) in the hall?
53. There is no smoke _____ (没有) fire.
54. My American friend Julia is the _____ (第九) child in her family.
55. The door is _____ (锁上的), so we can’t get into the classroom.
56. His grandfather lived _____ (独自) in a flat in Beijing, but he has a lot of friends.
57. Do not put anything hot into the _____ (/ˈrʌbɪʃ/) bin.
58. He was very sad when he _____ (/mɪst/) the last bus.
59. I don’t like _____ (西方) food, I prefer Chinese food.
60. There is _____ (没什么) important in today’s newspaper.
B) 根据句子意思用括号中所给词的正确形式填空。
61. We often knock on our _____ (neighbour) doors and shout, “Trick or treat.”
62. The two boys are looking forward to _____ (join) the Basketball Club.
63. Now we don’t have to _____ (do) too much homework every day.
64. Daniel _____ (carry) a large bag to school last Monday.
65. Suzy likes music and she plays the piano very _____ (good).
六、句型(满分20分)
A) 按要求改写句子。(每空1分,共8分)
66. The guide told me everything. (改为一般疑问句)
_____ the guide _____ you everything?
67. Can you show me how I can get to the railway station? (改为同义句)
Can you show me _____ _____ get to the railway station?
68. Take the second turning on the right, you’ll see the hospital. (改为同义句)
_____ _____ at the second turning, you’ll see the hospital.
69. We shall hold the party in Sunshine Park this Saturday. (对划线部分提问)
_____ _____ we hold the party this Saturday ?
B) 连词成句,注意大小写及标点符号。(每小题1分,共4分)
70. be, we, fire, with, careful, should
_____ .
71. like, I , the party, to, invite, you, would, to
_____ .
72. do, can, what ,for, in, we, the children, areas, poor
_____ ?
73. flies ,fast, how, the superman
_____ !
C) 根据所给汉语完成句子。(每空1分,共8分)
74. 张华用毯子扑灭了火。
Zhang Hua _____ _____ the fire with a blanket.
75. 我妹妹年龄不够大,上不了学。
My sister isn’t _____ _____ to go to school.
76. 去年我不会骑自行车,但现在我会了.
Last year, I _____ _____ a bike, but now I can.
77. 那只狗努力要穿过洞,但是失败了。
The dog _____ _____ go through the hole but failed.
七、根据短文内容及首字母提示,填写所缺单词。(共10小题,每小题0.5分;满分5分)
Jessie feels excited b 78 it is her first day to work at Mr. Smith’s shop. After breakfast she w 79 a pair of new shoes. She says g 80 to her mother and goes out of the house. The shop is n 81 her home so she walks there.
There is a heavy r 82 the night before and there is dirty water all over the street. W 83 she goes across the street, a car runs p 84 her and splashes (溅起) water on her. Her shoes g 85 dirty. Luckily, it is hot. She is very sad and she wants to cry. However, she knows she has to hurry to the shop so she s 86 to run. When she gets there, she sees a n 87 on the door. It says: CLOSED BECAUSE OF POWER FAILURE (停电).
78 b _____ 79 w _____ 80 g _____ 81 n _____ 82 r _____
83 W _____ 84 p _____ 85 g _____ 86 s _____ 87 n _____
八、书面表达(共10分)
你叫Andy,你参加了“小宠物主人俱乐部”,你将要做一个演讲,谈谈你和你的宠物,你的演讲将包含以下内容:
1.自我介绍:Andy,14岁,来自苏州;
2.养了一只猫,懒,喜欢睡在我腿上;还有一只鹦鹉,会重复我说话,我喜欢教她说英语;
3.结束语:我认为宠物……(至少两句)
注意:80词左右,不包含开头和结尾,不要逐句翻译,可以适当发挥。
Dear friends,
I’d like to share my experience of keeping pets with you. First let me introduce myself.
1. --- How do you usually come to school?
---___________ the school bus.
A. By B. With C. At D. On
2. ---Do you know ____________?
A. how old is Sam B. where he lives C. where is Tom D. how far does he live
3. The students in that village need to ________ a river to school.
A. across B. through C. cross D. crossing
4. We hope our dreams can ____________.
A. come out B. come true C. come up D. come through
5. ---________ does Cindy live from her offi ce?
--- Three kilometers.
A. How long B. How much C. How often D. How far
6. It takes him about 15 minutes _________ there.
A. walk B. walking C. to walk D. walks
7. James has ________ breakfast at home and play _____ guitar every day.
A. /, the B. the, / C. the, the D. a, the
8. We want people who are good _________ children.
A. at B. for C. in D. with
9. ---_________ do people usually eat dinner?
--- In the evening.
A. What time B. When C. What D. How
10. --- Can I borrow your bike?
---______________________.
A. I don’t have one. B. No, you can’t. C. Of course. D. Not at all.
11. Can you tell me what he _________ just now?
A. talked B. told C. spoke D. said
12. ---Must I do the dishes after dinner?
--No, you ______________.
A. can’t B. needn’t C. mustn’t D. have to
13. Please get up and ___________ your clothes.
A. dress B. put up C. wear D. get dressed
14. Either you or your brother __________ singing very much.
A. likes B. like C. don’t like D. dislike
15. ---How does Jack ___________ the museum?
---By bus.
A. get B. arrive C. arrive in D. reach
16. --- How far is your home from your uncle’s?
---________________________.
A. It’s 20 kilometers far. B. It’s 20 kilometers away.
C. It’s 20 minutes bus ride D. It takes 20 minutes.
17. He wants to fi nd a _______ in a music club.
A. jobs B. work C. works D. job
18. Lucy often ____________to the bus stop.
A. rides a bike B. rides bike C. by bike D. on her bike
19. Sally goes to the park after ________ her homework.
A. doing B. do C. does D. to do
20. ---_____________________?
--- It’s wonderful.
A. What do you think of the football game? B. Do you want to go on a trip?
C. Can you play chess D. What time do you go to bed
二、完形填空。 (10分)
21. A. and B. but C. or D. so
22. A. at B. in C. on D. to
23. A. with B. by C. of D. on
24. A. go B. get C. leave D. getting
25. A. in B. at C. about D. to
26. A. in B. at C. on D. of
27. A. his B. he C. he D. she
28.A. his B. he C. our D. their
29.A. look B. read C. watch D. look at
30. A. go to bed B. goes to bed C. sleeps D. get bed
三、阅读理解 (共20小题, 每小题2分, 共计40分)
A
I have a cousin. His name is Eric. He is 15. He likes music and he can play the guitar very well. But he doesn’t want to join the music club. He wants to join the art club. He wants to learn to paint. I don’t like music or art, I like sports. I can play tennis. I can also swim but I can’t swim well. I want to join the sports club. My friends are in that club. I want to play sports with them.
31. How old is the writer’s cousin?
A. Five B. Fifteen C. Fifty D. Fourteen
32. What does Eric like?
A. music B. art C. swim D. sports
33. What club does Eric want to join?
A. music club B. art club C. sports club D. chess club
34. What does the writer dislike?
A. sports B. tennis C. swim D. music
35.Why does the writer want to join the sports club?
A. He can play tennis. B. He can swim.
C. He doesn’t like music club. D. His friends are in that club, he wants to play with them.
B
Sue and Linda usually go to school by car. They drive past a cinema, a supermarket and a food shop. The food shop is next to the supermarket. Jack and Michael usually go to school by bus. They go past a bank and a post offi ce. The bank is next to the post offi ce. Mary usually goes to work by bike. She rides a bike past a police offi ce, a library and a swimming pool.
( ) 36. How many people are there in this passage?
A. Five B. Three C. Four D. Two
( ) 37. Where is the bank?
A. It’s next to a swimming pool. B. It’s on the right.
C. It’s next to a post offi ce. D. It’s on the left.
( ) 38. How does Linda go to school?
A. By bike B. By bus. C. By car. D. On foot.
( ) 39. Where does Sue drive past?
A. A cinema. B. A post offi ce. C. A park. D. A bank.
( ) 40. What do they do?
A. They are singers. B. They are football players.
C. They are students. D. They are reporters.
C
Hi! My name is Tom. I am a school boy. My school is far from school. I must get up early in the morning. I usually go to school by bus. It takes me half an hour to get there. I have no time to have breakfast at home. I often have some bread for breakfast on the bus. I don’t want to be late for the morning exercise. I have lunch at school. Sometimes I play football with my classmates after school. I often get home at half past six.
( ) 41. Tom lives______.
A. next to his school B. in his school
C. far from his school D. with his friends
( ) 42. Where does Tom eat breakfast?
A. In the school` B. At home C. on the bus D. near the school
( ) 43. Tom gets home______.
A. at 5:30 in the afternoon B. at noon
C. with his classmates D. at 6:30P.M
( ) 44. How long does it take Tom to go to school?
A. one hour B. 5.5 hours C. Half an hour D. A morning
( ) 45.What does Tom sometimes do after school?
A. Does morning exercise. B. Plays football with his classmates.
C. Plays the guitar. D. Does his homework.
D
Alex’s day
Hello! I’m Alex. I often get up at 6:30 a.m. Half an hour later I have my breakfast. At 7:30 a.m. I take a bus to school. We have Math, Chinese and English classes from 8.00 a.m. to 11.30 a.m. I have lunch and talk with my classmates at school. We have three classes from 1:40 to 4:10 in the afternoon. After school, I often play with my classmates. We often play soccer, tennis and ping-pong. I go home at about 5:00p.m. I usually have dinner at 6:00p.m. Then I do my homework and watch TV. At about 10:30, I go to bed.
( ) 46. Alex goes to school at half past six in the morning.
47. What time does Alex eat breakfast?
_______________________________________.
48. How long does it take Alex to have breakfast?
________________________________________.
49. Where does Alex eat lunch?
_____________________________________.
50. Alex usually _______ before he goes to bed.
四、词汇 (10分)
51.There is no ___________ ( 桥梁 ) above the rive.
52. _________ the rive to school is dangerous for the students. (横过、越过)
53.What do you_______________ the school trip? (认为…怎么样)
54.The bus ride ___________me about 20 minutes every day. (花费)
55. He _________________ at seven o’clock. (刷牙)
56. Lisa is good at ______________________ ( 讲故事 ) .
57.Peter likes ___________________ ( 拉小提琴 ) .
58.He either does homework or________________ ( 散步 ) after lunch.
59.I want to be ____________________ when I grow up. (音乐家)
60. The school needs help to teach children______________ ( 游泳 ) .
五、连词成句 (10分)
61. does, you, get, how, it, long, take, to, school, to
________________________________________________?
62. is, a, river, between, there, home, her, and, hospital, the
________________________________________________.
63. far, he, live, the, how, does, library, from
________________________________________________?
64. I, take, to, the, usually, subway, park, the
________________________________________________.
65. club, want, what, to, do, you, join
________________________________________________?
66. he, play, can, the, or, drums, basketball
________________________________________________?
67. do, usually, time, get, what, you, up
________________________________________________?
68. they, bus, take, the, do, work, to
________________________________________________?
69. knows, she, it, not, is, her, for, good
________________________________________________.
70. I, clean, sometimes, an, for, my, half, hour, room
________________________________________________.
六、写作 (10分)
请根据以下信息介绍你的朋友Jim的基本情况。80词左右。
擅长打篮球, 会弹钢琴, 想加入了游泳俱乐部学习游泳。
每天早上7:00起床, 穿好衣服, 吃过早饭后7:45去上学, 下午4点放学回家。
通常花15分钟骑自行车上学, 如果下雨会乘公交车。
晚饭后或者做作业或者锻炼。
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
(答案见本期)
单项选择
1-5 DBCBD 6-10 CADBC 11-15 DBBAD 16-20 BDAAA
完形填空
21-25ABBCB 26-30AADCA
阅读理解
31-35 BABDC 36-40 ACCAC 41-45 CCDCB
46. F 47. At 7:00 48. 30 minutes
49. At school 50. Does homework and watches TV
词汇
51.Bridge 52.Crossing 53.think of 54.takes 55.brushes teeth
56.Telling stories 57.playing the violin 58.takes a walk 59.a musician 60.to swim
连词成句
61.How long does it take you to get to school?
62.There is a river between her home and the hospital.
63.How far does he live from the library?
64.I usually take the subway to the park..
65.What club do you want to join?
66.Can he play the drums or basketball?
67.What time do you usually get up?
68.Do they take the bus to work?
69.She knows it is not good for her.
70. I sometimes clean my room for half and hour.
写作
4.找出成语中意思相反的词。
扬长避短()——()
自始至终()——()
转危为安()——()
阴差阳错()——()
5.选字、词填空。
着了过
中国人民志愿军罗盛教正好走()这里。他听到叫声,知道出()事,就急忙向河边跑去。他一边飞奔,一边脱棉衣。冰窟窿里泛()水花,罗盛教猛地跳()下去。冰下的流水很急,不知把孩子冲到哪里去()。
虽然……但是……
因为……所以……
()给飞机装上雷达,()飞机在夜里飞行十分安全。
()爸爸的回头只发生在一瞬间,()却打动了在场的所有人。
日积月累
1.把诗句补充完整。
莫愁前路无知己,____________。
停车坐爱枫林晚,____________。
2.用动物的名填空,补充成语。( )视眈眈 画( )点睛 老( )识途
3.名人名言填空。
______是天地间最伟大的爱。——梁实秋多责备_______,多原谅_______。——谢觉哉
快乐读书屋
1.选择人物填空:
本册书第一篇课文就讲述了爱国将领邓世昌的故事,在这本书中,还有一些人物,他们也给我们留下了深刻的印象。如:
吉鸿昌宋庆龄华罗庚贝多芬
选择人名填在下面的横线上。
从小就深知对人要讲信用的_____________
死也不倒下的爱国将领_____________
才华出众不畏权势的音乐家_____________
冲破阻力回国工作的数学家_____________
2.读课文片段,回答问题。
春天,树木抽出新的枝条,长出嫩绿的叶子。山上的积雪融化了,雪水汇成小溪,淙淙地流着。小鹿在溪边散步。它们有的俯下身子喝水,有的侧着脑袋,欣赏自己映在水里的影子。溪里涨满了春水。一根根原木随着流水往前淌,像一支舰队在前进。
这段话共有______句话,描写的是小兴安岭______季的美丽景色。分别描写了树木、融化的积雪、_______、溪水、_______五种景物。
仿照画线的句子写一句话。
___________像______。
《美丽的小兴安岭》这篇课文是按_______顺序具体描写了小兴安岭四个季节的美丽景色。
3.读短文,回答问题。
爸爸告诉小华
( )爸爸告诉小华:“120是急救电话号码,像这样的服务电话还有很多,如110是匪(f5i)警(jing)电话,119是火警电话。 114是查号电话,121是天气预报电话,122是道路交通事故报警电话。”
()小华家最近安装了一部电话。
()小华问爸爸:“真奇怪,怎么一打电话救护车就来了______”
()一天,爷爷病了,爸爸连忙拨(b6)打120,救护车很快就到了。
()听了爸爸的话,小华觉得电话的作用可真大。
按顺序重新排列上面的句子,把序号写在( )里。
在_______上中填标点。
遇到下面的情况,可以拨打什么电话?你知道吗?
(1)小华想知道少年宫在哪,可以拨打______查问少年宫的电话号码。
(2)小华的妈妈想知道明天的天气情况,可以拨打________查问。
(3)小华爸爸在路上看见一起车祸,可以拨打_______报警。
以《我喜爱的________ 》为题写一篇习作。
伫立()咫尺()溃退()翩跹()
xiè()气 真zhì()gèn()古 bīn()危
2.下列文学常识说法有误的一组是()(2分)
A.《黔之驴》——唐朝——柳宗元 B.《松树金龟子》——法国——法布尔
C.《破阵子》——宋朝——辛弃疾 D.铁扇公主——《西游记》——明代——施耐庵
3.下列各句没有语病的一句是()(2分)
A.正确地使用标点符号,有助于我们准确地表达思想,交流信息。
B.我国正在全面建设小康社会,努力为构建社会主义和谐社会。
C.华南农业大学兽医学院使用并研制了禽流感灭治乳剂疫苗。
D.由于原始人类还处在蒙昧和没有开化的阶段,所以当他们编制各种美丽的神话时,他们并没有意识到自己正在进行艺术创作。
4.默写上句或下句。(8分)
①,关山度若飞。②了却君王天下事。
③,长河落日圆。④晴川历历汉阳树。
⑤晨兴理荒秽。⑥足蒸暑土气。
⑦,佳人才唱翠眉低。⑧出淤泥而不染。
5.轻松斗智,快乐推理。(3分)
一位缺衣少食、无依无靠的贫苦妇女。无意中救了一个妖怪。
妖怪为了报答她,提出可以满足她的三个心愿。但有一个条件:无论提出什么要求,她的仇人都将得到她所得到东西的一倍。
于是,妇人首先向妖怪提出了两个心愿:
第一是要一笔钱,第二是要一栋房子。这样,她的仇人便得到了两倍于她的财产。
在得到了维持生计的东西后。妇人又提出了第三个心愿……
你想想,她会提出一个什么要求,能让她的仇人受到惩罚,而确保自己能好好生活下去呢?
6.用手机短信交流信息,便捷又时尚。
短信的编写,要求语言简练,精美。如下面这条教师节短信:“您是一把伞,为我遮风蔽雨;您是一盏灯,为我照亮前程,衷心祝福您,我永远敬爱的老师!”这不仅符合短信编写的要求,而且很好地表达了学生的心意。请你仿用这条短信的修辞手法(比喻),给你的妈妈拟写一条母亲节短信。(4分)
7.写出你喜欢的一部课外文学名著及该作品的主人公,并简要写出这部作品给你的启示。(启示不超过25个字)(4分)
作品名 主人公 启示
第二部分:阅读理解(59分)
(一)阅读《母亲的眼泪》,回答问题。(14分)
母亲很贤淑。却性格坚毅,她不像有的女人,动不就一把眼泪一把鼻涕。在我的记忆中,母亲只流过三次眼泪。
一次是我正念小学四年级。那时我们家很穷,我一年四季都打赤脚,寒冷的冬天,我的脚背上裂开了一道道口子,一走动,殷红的血球就直往外滚。晚上围在冒着浓烟的火塘边,劳累了一天的母亲用热水帮我洗去脚上的污垢。然后就把我伤痕累累的双脚抱在怀里轻轻揉搓。干裂的冻口在母亲的揉搓下慢慢变软,母亲就用炭火把羊油烤化后滴进我脚背上殷红的裂口里,山里人都普遍用这种土办法来治疗手脚上的冻口。我疼得咝咝直吸凉气,母亲的眼泪像断线的珠子,与羊油一起滴在我布满裂口的脚背上。
见到母亲第二次流泪时,我已快念完高中。我莫名其妙地病倒了,病因无法确诊。一个星期,我都处于昏迷状态。滴水未进。医院下了病危通知。高烧的我迷迷糊糊感到有凉飕飕的东西一点一点滴落在我脸上,并慢慢溢开来,我艰难地睁开眼睛,看到母亲跪在我的身边。泪流满面地凝视着我。醒来后,我就再也没有昏迷,并奇迹般地一天天好起来了。
母亲第三次流泪是为我考取了大学,家里却无法为我准备像样的行李而发愁。开学的那天阴雨连绵,因为要步行六十多公里的山路到山外的一个小镇上乘车。母亲很早就起来给我做饭,她给我做的是糖水面条。她一边往碗里捞面,一边对我说:家里穷,你这虽是去念大学,却要看许多白眼,受许多委屈,就多忍着点吧。说着,眼泪扑簌簌地掉进碗里。我吃面,母亲就帮我打点行李。她折叠着的毡条年纪比我还大,上面层层叠叠地印满了地图似的尿痕。母亲边折边流泪。我也鼻子酸酸的.我平生第一次吃甜食吃出了咸味。
书上说,眼泪是软弱的具体写照。我说,不!母亲的眼泪使我体味到,眼泪也是爱。流泪,是因为爱太多,满得往外溢的一种结果。
现在,我已是一名大学讲师了,但只要一闭上眼睛。母亲流泪的情景犹在眼前,它一直是我自强不息、积极进取的精神动力和源泉。
8.母亲的眼泪教“我”学会了坚强,从字里行间中我们读出了作者的母亲是一个什么样的女人?(用文中词语回答,3分)
9.在“我”的记忆中,母亲流过的三次眼泪是按照_______顺序叙说的,在文中标志这一顺序的词语是___________、___________、______________。(4分)
10.“我平生第一次吃甜食吃出了咸味”中的“咸味”指什么?(3分)
11.如何理解“眼泪也是爱。流泪,是因为爱太多,满得往外溢的一种结果”。(4分)
(二)阅读《蜘蛛》,回答问题。(11分)
①全世界的蜘蛛有35000余种,常见的种类有圆蜘蛛、球腹蛛、拉士蛛、蝇虎、壁线、漏斗网蛛等。世界上最大的蜘蛛是拉丁美洲的捕鸟蜘蛛,它织的结实的网,能载得住重达300克的小鸟。1945年在巴西采集到一只雌性袋蜘蛛,它的体长23.68厘米,重将近85克,外形好像一只大螃蟹,是至今世界上最重的蜘蛛。拉丁美洲有一种常聚居在一起的蜘蛛,叫做“马略斯”,它结的网犹如一条大被单。危地马拉北部有一种叫做“司塔马利维”的蜘蛛,全身白色,能吐出非常坚韧的彩色蛛丝,织成的网五颜六色,十分好看,当地居民常用来当窗帘。1935年在墨西哥捕到一只成年雌性袋蜘蛛,当时估计它的年龄为12岁,后来又在实验室养了16年,总年龄为28岁,称得上是长寿的蜘蛛。
②科学家曾把蜘蛛带到宇宙空间去,观察它在失重状态下能否织网,结果蜘蛛第一次失败了,但不久适应了失重状态,把网织成了。
③蜘蛛在织网时,首先要在两地之间架“天索”,把丝固定在一定的地方,并在固定的丝上来回走几趟,使丝加粗。然后在“天索”上设置对角线,再在对角线的中央织一个白点,这是将来网的中心。以后往返于中心和圆周之间织许多呈辐射状的半径线。接着自圆心向外作第一螺旋线,再自外向里织粘性强的第二螺旋线。织好第二螺旋线后,将第一螺旋线及其部分射线吃掉,并继续自外向里作螺旋线。愈近中心,每圈间的距离也愈密,直到不可辨认的地步。这正符合数学上的对数螺线的情况。蜘蛛的确不愧是“数学家”、“织网家”。
④国内外常用蜘蛛制作药物治病。
⑤在光学仪器上,采用很细的蜘蛛丝作义丝之用。
⑥在仿生学上人们正在研究蜘蛛的“液压腿”,并据此研制了一种“步行机”。蜘蛛几乎是个“瞎子”,但一旦昆虫触动蛛网,它依靠腿上极灵敏的振动传感器,就能立刻扑过去捉住食物。科学工作者将蜘蛛的腿进行解剖,发现腿里没有肌肉。蜘蛛的这项本领,是依靠腿里一种不寻常的液体来实现的。当腿中充满“血液”时,原来的软腿就会变硬,腿就变成了一种特殊的液压传动机构,蜘蛛就能快速行动和跳跃。于是人们模仿蜘蛛的“液压腿”,研制了一种“步行机”,以期能为瘫痪病人服务。人们还试图用蜘蛛中血压自动调节的原理,寻找自动调节人体血压的方法,治疗高、低血压病。
12.第一段中,作者介绍了几种特殊的蜘蛛,其中织网有特点的蜘蛛是(3分)
13.“蜘蛛织网技能之高妙,使人诧异,在任何环境里都能进行。”一句是从文中段首抽出来的,把它还原,应放在第 段的开头。(2分)
14.第4段说明了蜘蛛织网的过程,请按先后顺序填写。(3分)
;设置对角线、确定网的中心;。
15.最后一段画线句子中的“这项本领”指的是什么?(3分)
(三)阅读《沁园春·雪》,回答问题。(19分)
北国风光,千里冰封,万里雪飘。望长城内外,惟余莽莽;大河上下,顿失滔滔。山舞银蛇,原驰蜡象,欲与天公试比高。须晴日,看红装素裹,分外妖娆。。惜秦皇汉武,略输文采;唐宗宋祖,稍逊风骚。一代天骄,成吉思汗,只识弯弓射大雕。俱往矣,数风流人物,还看今朝。
16.默写文中划线的语句,两句诗在文中起 的作用。(3分)
17.面这段文字是对“山舞银蛇,原驰蜡象”的赏析,看看人家是怎么赏析的,请你就“惟余莽莽、顿失滔滔”写一点赏析文字。(4分)
“山舞银蛇,原驰蜡象”属于动态描写,前者舒展柔美,后者奔腾壮烈,让人联想到艺术表演和体育运动,美感非常丰富,二者又都有奔放活泼的气势,显得神采飞扬。
18.阅读下阕,说说“秦皇汉武”,“唐宗宋祖”,有什么值得肯定的地方,他们又有什么不足?(4分)
19.根据这首词的本意,写一个你赞赏或熟悉的“风流人物”,并说出理由。(4分)
20.对历史上的成吉思汗,有很多评价,阅读下面摘选的几则材料,结合本文,说说你从中有什么发现。(4分)
(1)电视连续剧《成吉思汗》主题曲:(男)长天飞沙,壮士血在狂号,(女)原野飞花,壮士怀抱冷傲。(男)一代天骄,千秋知我名号,(女)谈笑造时势,问谁领风骚。
(2)黑格尔在他的《历史哲学》中评价成吉思汗和蒙古帝国:“他们,出现于文明化了时代的野蛮人,在几年之内突然把罗马世界、波斯世界和中国世界变成了一堆废墟。”
(3)普希金描述成吉思汗入侵时说:“蒙古人征服俄罗斯以后,除了肆无忌惮的攫取和破坏,既没有给予我们代数,也没有给予我们亚里斯多德。”
(四)阅读《爱莲说》,回答问题。(15分)
水陆草木之花,可爱者甚蕃。晋陶渊明独爱菊。自李唐来,世人甚爱牡丹。予独爱莲之出淤泥而不染,濯清涟而不妖,中通外直,不蔓不枝,香远益清,亭亭净植,可远观而不可亵玩焉。
予谓菊,花之隐逸者也;牡丹,花之富贵者也;莲,花之君子者也。噫!菊之爱,陶后鲜有闻。莲之爱,同予者何人?牡丹之爱,宜乎众矣!
21.解释下列加点在文中的意思。(4分)
⑴可爱者甚蕃 ⑵出淤泥而不染 ⑶不可亵玩 ⑷陶后鲜有闻
22.用现代汉语写出“中通外直,不蔓不枝”的意思。(2分)
23.用原文的语句回答。(6分)
(1)文中体现菊花高洁、质朴的句子:
(2)比喻君子不同流合污的语句:
(3)比喻君子美名远扬的语句:
24.作者在文中为了表达自己的思想感情,用“莲”自比,又用“菊”和“牡丹”来衬托。联系你自己的志趣和追求,写出你最喜爱的一种花,并用一句话概括喜爱的原因。(3分)
第三部分:作文(60分,其中卷面书写4分)
生活在集体之中,你一定有过与人合作的经历,如相互切磋学习经验,一起参与科技制作,分工创办班级小报,共同夺取球赛胜利,等等。在交流中学会学习,品尝快乐;在协作中学会做事,分享成功。
请选取你生活中的一段经历,以“合作“为题,写一篇文章,表达自己的真切体验。
七年级语文期末综合测试题参考答案
第一部分:知识积累与运用
1、zhù zhǐ kuì xiān 泄 挚 亘 濒(每空0.5分,共4分)
2、D
3、A
4、略
5、把我吓个半死
6、不设标准答案。如:“您是春风,为我吹散心头愁云;您是大树,为我送来夏日清凉;您是港湾,让我停泊心灵之船。妈妈,衷心地祝您,母亲节快乐!”(4分。能运用比喻修辞手法1分;用语得体,符合子女身份1分;句子通顺2分。)
7、略
第二部分:阅读理解(59分)
(一)8、母亲是一个很贤淑,却性格坚毅的女人
9、时间 小学四年级 已快念完高中 考取了大学
10、是“眼泪”,饱含着母亲的辛酸与无奈
11、围绕穷与爱回答即可
(二)12、捕鸟蜘蛛(最大的蜘蛛),“马略斯”,“司塔马利维”(每空1分,共3分)
13.第2段(1分)
14.在两地之间架“天索”;织半径线;织螺旋线(每空1分,共3分)
15.一旦昆虫触动蛛网。它依靠腿上极灵敏的振动传感器,就能立即扑过去捉住食物。(共2分,多写、少写均扣1分)
(三)16、江山如此多娇 引无数英雄竞折腰 承上启下
17、“惟余莽莽、顿失滔滔”属于静态描写,前者强化了白茫茫的景色,用视觉形象赋予冰封雪飘的风光以更为具体、丰富的直觉,气象奇伟而雄浑。后者写出了变化之速,寒威之烈,又使人自然想到昔日这条母亲河滚滚滔滔的气势。“莽莽”“滔滔”都用叠音,音响浑厚,产生一种气势磅礴的效果。(4分,分句赏析每句2分,能作赏析、意对即可。)
18、值得肯定的地方是:他们比较注重武功,在建功立业方面卓有成效。(2分,意对即可。)他们的不足在于:文治方面稍微差了一些,他们对文治重视不够。(2分,意对即可。)
19、不设统一答案。(4分,所举人物应该在文武两方面都有作为,应概述具体事迹。根据内容把握和语言表述分4、3、2、1四个等级给分。)
20、不设统一答案。(4分,(1)历史上的成吉思汗野蛮、凶残,肆意掠夺,破坏人类文明。(2)电视连续剧美化了成吉思汗的形象,把他视作“壮士”、英雄。如从其他角度有独特发现,也符合要求。)
(四)21、(1)多(2)沾染(污秽)(3)亲近而不庄重(4)少(4分,意对即可。)
22、中间贯通,外面挺直,不牵牵连连,不枝枝节接。(2分,意对即可。)
23、(1)予谓菊,花之隐逸者也(2)出淤泥而不染(3)香远益清(6分,每小题2分。)
24、写出花名(1分),有自己的理由(1分)。用文中的花名、观点正确也可。
第三部分:作文(65分,其中卷面书写5分)
一、单项选择(每小题2分,共20分)
1.刚踏入初中校门的小军,充满了迷茫,原来想象中的美好生活,竟然有这么多的不如意。你认为此时的小军应该…………………………………………………………()
A、归咎于环境不尽人意B、为自我的适应能力差而自卑
C、主动寻求自身改变,积极适应新的环境D、顺其自然,环境好坏无所谓
2.一位高考状元在介绍自己学习经验时说:“如果你早晨起床后头脑不清醒,那你就不要跟着别人一起背单词;如果你觉得多做一点习题对你有用,那你也可跳进题目的浅海去遨游一番。”这段话的含义是:…………………………………………………()
A.早晨背单词,学习效率不高B.学习要敢于创新
C.要注意学习别人的学习方法D.只有适合你自己的学习方法,才是最好的方法
3.下面观点正确的是…………………………………………………………………()
A、只有人类的生命才是地球上最珍贵的财富。
B、人类是生命的主宰,可以随意对待地球上的其他生命。
C、人类是自然界的一部分,是丰富多彩的生命的重要组成部分。
D、人类应该左右地球生命的成长过程。
4.是蓓蕾总会开出美丽的花,是果树总会结出成熟的果。这句话告诉我们()
A、只要付出时间和努力,青春之花就会开放
B、每个人的成长和发育的过程是不一样的
C、只要进入青春期,我们的身体就会立即发生各种变化
D、青少年总是容易脱离现实,沉湎于幻想
5.学习中有苦也有乐,但在世界的一些地方的儿童因为战争、贫穷和疾病等原因失去了上学的机会,失学给他们的人生留下了不可弥补的遗憾。这就告诉我们()
①要更加珍惜现在学习的美好时光②在学习的过程中有苦有乐,我们要做好吃苦的准备③要克服学习中的困难,不要放弃现在的学习权利④享受学习中的苦与乐
A.①②③④B.①③C.①②④D.②③④
6.“我个人是一个小分子,集体是一个大分母。”在班集体中:()
A、我个人的力量无关紧要
B、班集体与个人是对立的.关系
C、每个人的力量越大,班集体的力量也就越大
D、班集体会束缚个人的发展
7.加强自护,应牢记常用的紧急号码,下列关于急救、匪警、消防的紧急号码正确的一组是()
A.10119B.122119、110
C.114119120D.110911120
8.正确认识自己,就是要做到()
A、注重打扮自己的外在形象B、对自己的长处和短处都愉快接受
C、用全面的发展的眼光看待自己D、降低对自己的要求
9.对于青少年来说,树立合理的成长目标有利于未来发展,关于这一点,下面说法正确的是()
A.偶像作为我们心中的理想形象,我们只需要努力模仿就行了
B.树立理想需要建立在我们了解自己个性特点与潜能的基础上
C.只要有了理想,无论如何都会实现的
D.树立理想需要了解社会对各种职业的角色期待,从社会发展的角度来确立个人的成长目标
10.小华为了激发学写好作文的潜能,在铅笔盒中写下“我能行,一定行”的话。这属于发掘自己潜能的哪种方法()
A、心中树立一个更好的”自我形象”B、改变习惯法
C、给予自己积极的暗示D、正确评估法
二、简答题(每小题4分,共20分)
1.如何创建一个优秀的集体?(4分)
答:___________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
2.如何做学习的管理者?(4分)
答:______________________________________________________________________
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_______________________________________________________________________
3.怎样让生命之花绽放?(4分)
答:______________________________________________________________________
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4.青春的内涵是什么?(4分)
答:_____________________________________________________________________
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5.小强是一名中学生,他曾经为自己制定了好几个目标,但总是过不了几天就放弃了,聪明的你能否告诉他应该怎么做呢?(4分)
答:________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
三、分析(共20分)
1.欣赏漫画《两只小花狗》简要回答问题:
(1)请运用所学知识评析这两只小花狗所犯的错误在哪里?(4分)
答:_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
(2)从漫画中你有没有找到自己的影子,你又得到了什么启示?(7分)
答___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________
2、张强同学非常喜欢文学,他的作文经常被老师在班里当作范文供大家欣赏学习,所以,张强觉得自己在写作方面有潜力,于是他打算开发自己在写作方面的潜力。他请朋友为自己画了一幅漫画“我将成为优秀作家”的漫画像,时刻提醒自己“我将成为优秀作家”,“我一定会成功”等,还坚持每天写日记。
读完材料,请回答:
(1)张强同学有哪些可能的途径来认识到自己的写作潜能?(3分)
答:___________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
(2)张强又是怎样进一步发掘自己写作潜能的?(3分)
答:___________________________________________________________________
(3)请结合你自己的实际,制定一个切实可行的发掘自己潜能的计划。(3分)
我打算先开发自己____________方面的潜能,设计的“自我形象”是___________,积极暗示自己______________,然后每天坚持________________。
四、应用与探究(共10分)
在不知不觉中,我们的身经历着一系列微妙变化,这意味着我们正在长大,开始从儿童向成年过渡,已经跨入青春期的大门,开始人生最美丽的春天。此时,我们可以认识更多的新朋友,一起欢快地成长。但青春期的心理也充满着矛盾,这些矛盾有时候让我们感到苦闷,如果处理不好这些矛盾,它们将成为阻碍我们发展的阻力,怎麽办呢?相信你会很好地处理以下的情况:
{1}你生病了,一星期没上学,朋友每天放学后给你补课,使你并未落下功课。请你说一句感激的话。(2分)
{2}放学路上,好朋友约你去网吧上网,请你说一句拒绝的话。(3分)
考经问典1.D 2.B 3.B 4.B 5.C
巧练过关6.A 7.(1)来自两个不同学校的学生。 两个学生是学校里的。(2)侦察兵发现了敌人。 敌人的侦察兵被发现了。8.D 9.C 10.元宵、七夕、重阳、春节
品味感悟
(一)11.虽有自卑,但从未放弃自己的理想。 12.感到难过、幸福,但没有骄傲。 13.作为成功者不去讥笑那些身处逆境的人,有一颗善良的心。 14.紫丁香在他面前把枝条垂到水里去。太阳照得很温暖,很愉快。 15.面对失败,要不屈不挠,充满自信;面对成功,要戒骄戒躁,谦虚谨慎。
(二)16.①属于 ②团结 ③认为……奇特 ④领着,引着 17.①书具 ②仲永 ③诗 ④仲永环谒这件事 18.生五年 仲永作诗 仲永 不使学 19.从这以后,人们指定某种事物叫他作诗,他立即可以完成。 20.一个人的成功,不能仅凭天资,更重要的是要靠后天的学习。
积累创新 (一)21.老师像妈妈。 22.美丽纯洁 23.(a)处表现杨老师的羞恼(难堪、生气)的心理。 (b)处表现杨老师对恩师怀念、感激(崇敬)的情感。 24.①老师的眼泪②老师的教诲(老师的话深深地印在我的脑海里或老师那慈母一样的爱) 25.可从“自信、乐观、宽容、豁达”等方面谈。
(二)26.恶作剧(淘气) 河面结冰年老体弱27.因为老人失去可爱的儿子深感痛苦,于是把父爱转移到“我们”身上,每天接送“我们”上学,所以觉得“心里好受些”。 28.愧疚感激 29.(1)老师把学生摆渡到知识的王国。 (2)医生把患者摆渡到健康的王国。
益智乐园 30.左右开弓 无言以对 无中生有 来之不易
一、教学构思
(一)巧用竞赛激发兴趣
为了增强课堂的趣味性,激活学生的思维,激发他们的热情和能量,笔者从学校刚刚结束的英语阅读竞赛入手,把竞赛搬进课堂,通过竞赛争夺星星的方式评选班级阅读之星。
(二)名人效应营造氛围
通过播放学校阅读之星———Peter的采访视频,介绍阅读的三条妙计:Guess the meaning from the context(根据语境推测意思);Read pictures to predict(看图预测文章内容);Scan for the information(扫读文章寻找信息)。由此导入本节课,利用身边优秀学生的名人效应,营造轻松的课堂氛围,使学生更乐于接受课堂教学,从而使课堂教学更有效。
(三)步步为营落实策略
笔者根据学情选取相应的三条阅读策略进行专项指导,既符合学生的认知水平,又着眼于阅读理解三步骤:从解决阅读中的字词理解到把握文章的主要内容,再到回读文章找寻信息完成读后练习。整堂复习课的阅读选材话题多样,体裁各异,由浅入深,层层递进;策略落实方式多变,针对性强,层层剖析,步步为营。
二、教学过程
(一)根据语境推测意思
笔者巧用英语谚语进行示范和概括。四组谚语如下。
●I lost my i Phone.I’min blue.
●I got 100 in the English test.English is apiece of cakefor me.
●David Beckham loves his daughter so much!She’sthe apple of his eye.
●Teacher:Boys and girls,pleasebe all ears.I have an important thing to tell you.
经过四组小测试,学生对猜测词义的奥秘心领神会———细读内容,根据上下文推断出字词的真实含义。于是笔者趁热打铁提高难度,鼓励学生运用这一阅读策略判断形容词“available”和名词“waste”在句中的词义。两个例句分别为:
●Are youavailabletomorrow?Let’s watch a movie if you have time.
●Don’t play computer games too much!It’s awasteof time.
猜测词义后,在教师的引导下,学生对新词加以巧妙运用能加深体会并达到学以致用的目的。例如:
T:My son is the apple of my eye.
S1:I’m the apple of my mother’s eye.My mother is the apple of my father’s eye.
T:What do you think is also a waste of time?
S2:It’s also a waste of time to watch TV a lot.Chatting on QQ is also a waste of time.
贴近学生生活实际的拓展运用不仅可以调动学生的兴趣,还能够鼓励学生在语境中理解词义,甚至举一反三,巧妙运用,提升学生的学习积极性。
(二)看图预测文章内容
把握文章的主题对于七年级学生来说是一个难度较大的阅读任务,而“把握图片,读取信息,预测内容,推断主题”能给学生提供有效的学习阶梯。以“Animals”“My family”“Sports”“Clothes store”四个学生学过而且又感兴趣的话题为例,既能回顾本学期所学内容,又能使学生掌握读图预测的阅读策略。
以“Sports”这一话题为例,主题文章配图见图1。
教师根据图片,设置如下问题进行引导。
●What can you see in the picture?
●What sports do you like?What sports things do you have?
●What do you think the passage will tell us?
学生对于讨论熟悉的话题兴趣十足,纷纷举手回答。
●I can see many balls in the picture.
●I like basketball.I have two basketballs.
●I think the passage is about sports or sports things.
通过图片预测文章主要内容后,笔者给出相应文段,引导学生通过略读(skimming)、读取大标题、找寻中心句、搜索重复词、锁定关键词等方法判断预测的准确性,进一步把握文章的主题。
(三)扫读文章寻找信息
笔者准备了三种贴近学生生活实际又风格迥异的文本类型,训练学生利用关键词快速有效地寻读(scanning)到文章的细节信息。其中,“Birthday Party Invitation”是书信体裁的文本,笔者提供给学生的练习是填写邀请卡;“Lost and Found”是一则通知,提供给学生的练习是填空和选择;“Movie Poster and Introduction”是电影宣传海报,提供给学生的练习是填表和猜测词意(见图2)。
笔者按照新课程理念的要求广泛而又不拘一格地设置了各种题目类型,来训练学生扫读文章寻找信息的能力。随着题目类型更加新颖,答题难度逐渐增大,学生综合运用语言的能力也逐步提升,而他们的阅读兴趣却空前高涨。
(四)悦读故事巩固策略
经过各种话题、文体、题型的大量而多方位的训练,学生对于三个重要的阅读技巧得以掌握,此时跟进综合性操练,对学生所学的技能加以巩固。
Step 1.细细读图预测故事
笔者设置了四个问题,引导学生从图3、图4中读取尽可能多的信息。
针对图3,设置的问题是:
●What can you see in the picture?
●What are outside the window?
针对图4,设置的问题是:
●Where are the mice?
●Why are the mice on the dog’s tail?
●What are they doing there?
学生的想象充满了童真,对于最后一个问题,他们给出了五花八门的答案:“They are friends.They want to play.”“They want to ride the dog.”“They are dancing.”“They are jumping.”阅读课真正的精彩不在于学生学到很多语言知识,而是把阅读变成悦读,激发了深度的思维和丰富的想象,从而点燃了学生阅读的欲望和热情。
Step 2.带着疑问寻找答案
老鼠们到底在大狗尾巴上做什么?带着疑问阅读能更快速找到所需信息,解开心中疑问。文章出自英文绘本故事———“Brown Mouse Gets the Corn”,故事用语地道,句型结构复杂,但是对于已经接受过阅读策略指导和训练的学生来说,扫读文章寻找信息变得得心应手。阅读文本如图5所示(故事结局未给出)。
Step 3.猜测词义感受文字
故事第二、三两段的读后任务是判断三个关键词组的含义,从而掌握故事的主要内容。这需要结合读图的策略。教师的引导性问题如下。
●What do the mice do?
●Why do the mice wake the dog up?
●How do the mice do that?
对于“jump up and down”这一词组的翻译,学生们可谓绞尽脑汁:“上下跳、上上下下地跳、跳上跳下、上蹿下跳。”通过小组讨论,联系上下文以及相关阅读技巧,最后学生一致认为“上蹿下跳”最符合故事情节。同时笔者带动全体学生一起来演绎这一动作,感知文字的内涵,让学生体会成功的满足和文字的美妙。
Step 4.预测结局体会乐趣
对于故事接下来会发生什么,大家都充满了好奇,并且各有想法。
S1:The dog will get angry and eat the mice.
S2:The mice can’t get the corn because the dog and the cat both hate mice.
S3:The dog and the cat will run after the mice.
S4:The dog will run after the cat and then the mice can get the corn.
一千个读者就有一千个哈姆雷特,小读者们纷纷猜想故事结局之后,每组学生各自打开桌上一个藏着故事原有结局的信封,但是故事结局的六个句子被打乱了顺序。教师引导学生通过小组合作,探讨出故事发生的最佳顺序,编辑一个故事结局,并由最快完成任务的小组上台表演。学生声情并茂的表演把这一节阅读复习课推向了最高潮!
“What does Grrr mean?”于是教师播放了一段大狗“Grrr”的声音,在体会了大狗“Grrr”的吼叫声后,学生异口同声解答了自己心中的疑问:“It means the dog is angry!”
(五)悦读不止提升不断
随着教学接近尾声,笔者再一次在黑板上总结了这节课的学习重点———Reading Tips:Guess the meaning from the context(根据语境推测意思);Read pictures to predict(看图预测文章内容);Scan for the information(扫读文章寻找信息),并强调了他们在阅读理解中的关键作用。
最后,笔者准备了一个新的故事“Prepare Yourself for a Rainy Day”作为课后阅读作业,以巩固学生对这些阅读技巧的把握(相关图片及内容见图6、图7)。
在这种富有趣味性、启发性、实践性的阅读复习课上,学生的思维被有效激发,他们对英语阅读的期待和激情被唤醒,他们的阅读策略运用意识和能力得以提高。“The more you read,the more you know;the more you learn,the more places you will go.”在有效的阅读策略帮助下,学生摆脱应试思维束缚,尽情阅读,快乐阅读,享受阅读,在悦读中收获知识、开阔视野、丰富思想!授人以渔,当阅读变成了悦读,我们就再也不用担心学生的英语学习了。
摘要:中学英语阅读复习课应加强对学生阅读策略的专项指导。专项指导中,因为阅读选材的话题多样、体裁各异,读后练习的方式多变、针对性强,教学设计的富有趣味性、启发性和实践性,学生的激情被唤醒,思维得以激发,阅读策略运用的意识和能力得以提高。只有授人以渔,让学生掌握阅读策略,才能变阅读为悦读。
关键词:阅读复习,策略指导,悦读
参考文献
[1]吴洁晴.初中英语阅读策略及其应用[D].武汉:华中师范大学,2015.
[2]程晓堂,郑敏.英语学习策略[M].北京:外语教学与研究出版社,2004:102.
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9.已知函数f(x)=ax(x<0),
(a-3)x+4a(x≥0)满足对任意x1≠x2,都有f(x1)-f(x2)x1-x2<0成立,则a的取值范围是 .
10.设x∈(0,π2),则函数y=2sin2x+1sin2x的最小值为 .
11.△ABC中,C=π2,AC=1,BC=2,则f(λ)=|2λCA+(1-λ)CB|的最小值是
12.给出如下四个命题:
①x∈(0,+∞),x2>x3;
②x∈(0,+∞),x>ex;
③函数f(x)定义域为R,且f(2-x)=f(x),则f(x)的图象关于直线x=1对称;
④若函数f(x)=lg(x2+ax-a)的值域为R,则a≤-4或a≥0;
其中正确的命题是 .(写出所有正确命题的题号).
13.在平面直角坐标系xOy中,点P是第一象限内曲线y=-x3+1上的一个动点,以点P为切点作切线与两个坐标轴交于A,B两点,则△AOB的面积的最小值为 .
14.若关于x的方程|ex-3x|=kx有四个实数根,则实数k的取值范围是 .
二、解答题
15.已知sin(A+π4)=7210,A∈(π4,π2).
(1)求cosA的值;
(2)求函数f(x)=cos2x+52sinAsinx的值域.
16.在四棱锥PABCD中,∠ABC=∠ACD=90°,∠BAC=∠CAD=60°,PA⊥平面ABCD,E为PD的中点,PA=2AB=2.
(1)求四棱锥PABCD的体积V;
(2)若F为PC的中点,求证PC⊥平面AEF;
(3)求证CE∥平面PAB.
17.某企业有两个生产车间分别在A、B两个位置,A车间有100名员工,B车间有400名员工.现要在公路AC上找一点D,修一条公路BD,并在D处建一个食堂,使得所有员工均在此食堂用餐.已知A、B、C中任意两点间的距离均有1km,设∠BDC=α,所有员工从车间到食堂步行的总路程为s.
(1)写出s关于α的函数表达式,并指出α的取值范围;
(2)问食堂D建在距离A多远时,可使总路程s最少.
18.已知点P(4,4),圆C:(x-m)2+y2=5(m<3)与椭圆E:x2a2+y2b2=1(a>b>0)有一个公共点A(3,1),F1、F2分别是椭圆的左、右焦点,直线PF1与圆C相切.
(1)求m的值与椭圆E的方程;
(2)设Q为椭圆E上的一个动点,求AP·AQ的取值范围.
19.幂函数y=x的图象上的点Pn(t2n,tn)(n=1,2,…)与x轴正半轴上的点Qn及原点O构成一系列正△PnQn-1Qn(Q0与O重合),记an=|QnQn-1|
(1)求a1的值;
(2)求数列{an}的通项公式an;
(3)设Sn为数列{an}的前n项和,若对于任意的实数λ∈[0,1],总存在自然数k,当n≥k时,3Sn-3n+2≥(1-λ)(3an-1)恒成立,求k的最小值.
20.已知函数f(x)=(x2-3x+3)·ex定义域为[-2,t](t>-2),设f(-2)=m,f(t)=n.
(1)试确定t的取值范围,使得函数f(x)在[-2,t]上为单调函数;
(2)求证:n>m;
(3)求证:对于任意的t>-2,总存在x0∈(-2,t),满足f′(x0)ex0=23(t-1)2,并确定这样的x0的个数.
附加题
21.[选做题] 本题包括A,B,C,D四小题,请选定其中两题作答,每小题10分,共计20分.
A.选修41:几何证明选讲
自圆O外一点P引圆的一条切线PA,切点为A,M为PA的中点,过点M引圆O的割线交该圆于B、C两点,且∠BMP=100°,∠BPC=40°,求∠MPB的大小.
B.选修42:矩阵与变换
已知二阶矩阵A=1a
34对应的变换将点(-2,1)变换成点(0,b),求实数a,b的值.
C.选修44:坐标系与参数方程
椭圆中心在原点,焦点在x轴上.离心率为12,点P(x,y)是椭圆上的一个动点,
若2x+3y的最大值为10,求椭圆的标准方程.
D.选修45:不等式选讲
若正数a,b,c满足a+b+c=1,求13a+2+13b+2+13c+2的最小值.
[必做题] 第22、23题,每小题10分,计20分.
22.如图,在底面边长为1,侧棱长为2的正四棱柱ABCDA1B1C1D1中,P是侧棱CC1上的一点,CP=m.
(1)试确定m,使直线AP与平面BDD1B1所成角为60°;
(2)在线段A1C1上是否存在一个定点Q,使得对任意的m,D1Q⊥AP,并证明你的结论.
23.(本小题满分10分)
已知,(x+1)n=a0+a1(x-1)+a2(x-1)2+a3(x-1)3+…+an(x-1)n,(其中n∈N*)
(1)求a0及Sn=a1+a2+a3+…+an;
(2)试比较Sn与(n-2)2n+2n2的大小,并说明理由.
参考答案
一、填空题
1. -18
2. 2
3. -13
4. 0.75
5. π3
6. 12
7. 710
8. x24-y2=1
9. (0,14]
10. 3
11. 2
12. ③④
13. 3324
14. (0,3-e)
二、解答题
15.解:(1)因为π4<A<π2,且sin(A+π4)=7210,
所以π2<A+π4<3π4,cos(A+π4)=-210.
因为cosA=cos[(A+π4)-π4]
=cos(A+π4)cosπ4+sin(A+π4)sinπ4
=-210·22+7210·22=35.所以cosA=35.
(2)由(1)可得sinA=45.所以f(x)=cos2x+52sinAsinx
=1-2sin2x+2sinx=-2(sinx-12)2+32,x∈R.因为sinx∈[-1,1],所以,当sinx=12时,f(x)取最大值32;当sinx=-1时,f(x)取最小值-3.
所以函数f(x)的值域为[-3,32].
16.解:(1)在Rt△ABC中,AB=1,
∠BAC=60°,∴BC=3,AC=2.
在Rt△ACD中,AC=2,∠CAD=60°,
∴CD=23,AD=4.
∴SABCD=12AB·BC+12AC·CD
=12×1×3+12×2×23=523.则V=13×523×2=533.
(2)∵PA=CA,F为PC的中点,
∴AF⊥PC.∵PA⊥平面ABCD,∴PA⊥CD.
∵AC⊥CD,PA∩AC=A,
∴CD⊥平面PAC.∴CD⊥PC.
∵E为PD中点,F为PC中点,
∴EF∥CD.则EF⊥PC.
∵AF∩EF=F,∴PC⊥平面AEF.
(3)取AD中点M,连EM,CM.则EM∥PA.
∵EM平面PAB,PA平面PAB,
∴EM∥平面PAB.
在Rt△ACD中,∠CAD=60°,AC=AM=2,
∴∠ACM=60°.而∠BAC=60°,∴MC∥AB.
∵MC平面PAB,AB平面PAB,
∴MC∥平面PAB.
∵EM∩MC=M,
∴平面EMC∥平面PAB.
∵EC平面EMC,
∴EC∥平面PAB.
17.解:(1)在△BCD中,
∵BDsin60°=BCsinα=CDsin(120°-α),
∴BD=32sinα,CD=sin(120°-α)sinα,
则AD=1-sin(120°-α)sinα.
s=400·32sinα+100[1-sin(120°-α)sinα]
=50-503·cosα-4sinα,其中π3≤α≤2π3.
(2)s′=-503·-sinα·sinα-(cosα-4)cosαsin2α=503·1-4cosαsin2α.
令s′=0得cosα=14.记cosα0=14,α0∈(π3,2π3);
当cosα>14时,s′<0,当cosα<14时,s′>0,
所以s在(π3,α0)上单调递减,在(α0,2π3)上单调递增,
所以当α=α0,即cosα=14时,s取得最小值.
此时,sinα=154,
AD=1-sin(120°-α)sinα=1-32cosα+12sinαsinα
=12-32·cosαsinα=12-32·14154=12-510.
答:当AD=12-510时,可使总路程s最少.
18.解:(1)点A代入圆C方程,得(3-m)2+1=5.
∵m<3,∴m=1.
圆C:(x-1)2+y2=5.
设直线PF1的斜率为k,则PF1:y=k(x-4)+4,即kx-y-4k+4=0.
∵直线PF1与圆C相切,∴|k-0-4k+4|k2+1=5.解得k=112,或k=12.
当k=112时,直线PF1与x轴的交点横坐标为3611,不合题意,舍去.
当k=12时,直线PF1与x轴的交点横坐标为-4,
∴c=4,F1(-4,0),F2(4,0).
2a=AF1+AF2=52+2=62,a=32,a2=18,b2=2.
椭圆E的方程为:x218+y22=1.
(2)AP=(1,3),设Q(x,y),AQ=(x-3,y-1),
AP·AQ=(x-3)+3(y-1)=x+3y-6.
∵x218+y22=1,即x2+(3y)2=18,
而x2+(3y)2≥2|x|·|3y|,∴-18≤6xy≤18.
则(x+3y)2=x2+(3y)2+6xy=18+6xy的取值范围是[0,36].
x+3y的取值范围是[-6,6].
∴AP·AQ=x+3y-6的取值范围是[-12,0].
19.解:(1)由P1(t21,t1)(t>0),得kOP1=1t1=tanπ3=3t1=33,
∴P1(13,33),a1=|Q1Q0|=|OP1|=23.
(2)设Pn(t2n,tn),得直线PnQn-1的方程为:y-tn=3(x-t2n),
可得Qn-1(t2n-tn3,0),
直线PnQn的方程为:y-tn=-3(x-t2n),可得Qn(t2n+tn3,0),
所以也有Qn-1(t2n-1+tn-13,0),得t2n-tn3=t2n-1+tn-13,由tn>0,得tn-tn-1=13.
∴tn=t1+13(n-1)=33n.
∴Qn(13n(n+1),0),Qn-1(13n(n-1),0),
∴an=|QnQn-1|=23n.
(3)由已知对任意实数时λ∈[0,1]时,n2-2n+2≥(1-λ)(2n-1)恒成立,
对任意实数λ∈[0,1]时,(2n-1)λ+n2-4n+3≥0恒成立
则令f(λ)=(2n-1)λ+n2-4n+3,则f(λ)是关于λ的一次函数.
对任意实数λ∈[0,1]时,f(0)≥0
f(1)≥0.
n2-4n+3≥0
n2-2n+2≥0n≥3或n≤1,
又∵n∈N*,∴k的最小值为3.
20.(1)解:因为f′(x)=(x2-3x+3)·ex+(2x-3)·ex=x(x-1)·ex
由f′(x)>0x>1或x<0;由f′(x)<00<x<1,所以f(x)在(-∞,0),(1,+∞)上递增,在(0,1)上递减
欲f(x)在[-2,t]上为单调函数,则-2<t≤0.
(2)证:因为f(x)在(-∞,0),(1,+∞)上递增,在(0,1)上递减,所以f(x)在x=1处取得极小值e
又f(-2)=13e2<e,所以f(x)在[-2,+∞)上的最小值为f(-2)
从而当t>-2时,f(-2)<f(t),即m<n.
(3)证:因为f′(x0)ex0=x20-x0,所以f′(x0)ex0=23(t-1)2即为x20-x0=23(t-1)2,
令g(x)=x2-x-23(t-1)2,从而问题转化为证明方程g(x)=x2-x-23(t-1)2=0
在(-2,t)上有解,并讨论解的个数.
因为g(-2)=6-23(t-1)2=-23(t+2)(t-4),g(t)=t(t-1)-23(t-1)2=13(t+2)(t-1),所以
①当t>4或-2<t<1时,g(-2)·g(t)<0,所以g(x)=0在(-2,t)上有解,且只有一解.
②当1<t<4时,g(-2)>0且g(t)>0,
但由于g(0)=-23(t-1)2<0,
所以g(x)=0在(-2,t)上有解,且有两解.
③当t=1时,g(x)=x2-x=0x=0或x=1,所以g(x)=0在(-2,t)上有且只有一解;
当t=4时,g(x)=x2-x-6=0x=-2或x=3,
所以g(x)=0在(-2,4)上也有且只有一解.
综上所述,对于任意的t>-2,总存在x0∈(-2,t),满足f′(x0)ex0=23(t-1)2,
且当t≥4或-2<t≤1时,有唯一的x0适合题意;当1<t<4时,有两个x0适合题意.
(说明:第(2)题也可以令φ(x)=x2-x,x∈(-2,t),然后分情况证明23(t-1)2在其值域内,并讨论直线y=23(t-1)2与函数φ(x)的图象的交点个数即可得到相应的x0的个数)
附加题
21.(A)解:因为MA为圆O的切线,所以MA2=MB·MC.
又M为PA的中点,所以MP2=MB·MC.
因为∠BMP=∠BMC,所以△BMP∽△PMC.
于是∠MPB=∠MCP.
在△MCP中,由∠MPB+∠MCP+∠BPC+∠BMP=180°,得∠MPB=20°.
(B)解:∵0
b=1a
34-2
1=-2+a
-6+4,
∴0=-2+a
b=-2,即a=2,b=-2.
(C)解:离心率为12,设椭圆标准方程是x24c2+y23c2=1,
它的参数方程为x=2cosθ
y=3sinθ,(θ是参数).
2x+3y=4ccosθ+3csinθ=5csin(θ+φ)最大值是5c,
依题意tc=10,c=2,椭圆的标准方程是x216+y212=1.
(D)解:因为正数a,b,c满足a+b+c=1,
所以,(13a+2+13b+2+13c+2)[(3a+2)+(3b+2)+(3c+2)]≥(1+1+1)2,
即13a+2+13b+2+13c+2≥1,
当且仅当3a+2=3b+2=3c+2,即a=b=c=13时,原式取最小值1.
22.解:(1)建立如图所示的空间直角坐标系,则
A(1,0,0),B(1,1,0),P(0,1,m),C(0,1,0),D(0,0,0),
B1(1,1,1),D1(0,0,2).
所以BD=(-1,-1,0),BB1=(0,0,2),
AP=(-1,1,m),AC=(-1,1,0).
又由AC·BD=0,AC·BB1=0知AC为平面BB1D1D的一个法向量.
设AP与面BDD1B1所成的角为θ,
则sinθ=cos(π2-θ)=|AP·AC||AP|·|AC|
=22·2+m2=32,解得m=63.
故当m=63时,直线AP与平面BDD1B1所成角为60°.
(2)若在A1C1上存在这样的点Q,设此点的横坐标为x,
则Q(x,1-x,2),D1Q=(x,1-x,0).
依题意,对任意的m要使D1Q在平面APD1上的射影垂直于AP.等价于
D1Q⊥APAP·D1Q=0x+(1-x)=0x=12
即Q为A1C1的中点时,满足题设的要求.
23.解:(1)取x=1,则a0=2n;取x=2,则a0+a1+a2+a3+…+an=3n,
∴Sn=a1+a2+a3+…+an=3n-2n;
(2)要比较Sn与(n-2)2n+2n2的大小,即比较:3n与(n-1)2n+2n2的大小,
当n=1时,3n>(n-1)2n+2n2;
当n=2,3时,3n<(n-1)2n+2n2;
当n=4,5时,3n>(n-1)2n+2n2;
猜想:当n≥4时,3n>(n-1)2n+2n2,下面用数学归纳法证明:
由上述过程可知,n=4时结论成立,
假设当n=k,(k≥4)时结论成立,即3k>(k-1)2k+2k2,
两边同乘以3得:3k+1>3[(k-1)2k+2k2]=k2k+1+2(k+1)2+[(k-3)2k+4k2-4k-2]
而(k-3)2k+4k2-4k-2=(k-3)2k+4(k2-k-2)+6=(k-3)2k+4(k-2)(k+1)+6>0,
∴3k+1>((k+1)-1)2k+1+2(k+1)2
即n=k+1时结论也成立,∴当n≥4时,3n>(n-1)2n+2n2成立.
综上得,当n=1时,Sn>(n-2)2n+2n2;当n=2,3时,Sn<(n-2)2n+2n2;
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