《师说》 教案ABC(高一必修教学设计)（精选7篇）
学习目标：1、了解作者韩愈、写作背景及本文文体。
2、掌握文章第一段中的重要文言现象。
3、背诵默写文章第一段。
B案
预习提示：先自主阅读文本，弄清文意，然后独立完成下列基础知识。一、走近作者韩愈(768-824)，宇退之，河阳人，祖籍河北昌黎，世称”韩昌黎“。晚年任吏部侍郎，故又称”韩吏部“。死后溢“文”，故世人又称”韩文公“。少小孤苦，由兄嫂抚养长大。20岁入长安，三次考进士不中。792年，第四次参加考试，登进士第。8任国子监四门博士，从此正式步人仕途。后任国子监祭酒，吏部侍郎等职，中间曾几度被贬。二、关干古文运动及本文写作背景六朝以来，骈文盛行，写文章不重视思想内容，讲求对偶声韵和词句华丽，尽管也产生了一些艺术成就很高的作品，却导致了文学创作中浮靡之风的泛滥。这种风气，直到中唐仍流行不衰。在唐代，韩愈不是第一个提倡”古文“的人，却是一个集大成者。他和柳宗元一起提出”文以载道“、”文道结合“的观点，主张学习先秦、两汉”言之有物“、”言贵创新“的优秀散文，坚决掘弃只讲形式不重内容华而不实的文风。本文第4段他赞扬李蟠”好古文“，就是指爱好他们倡导的那种古文。韩愈用他杰出的散文影响文坛，还热情地鼓励和指导后进写作古文。经过他和柳宗元等人的努力，终于把文体从六朝以来浮艳的.骈文中解放出来，奠定了唐宋实用散文的基础。韩愈著有《昌黎先生文集》四十卷，其中有许多为人们所传诵的优秀散文。他的散文，题材广泛，内容深刻，形式多样，语言质朴，气势雄壮，因此后世尊他为唐宋八大家(韩愈、柳宗元、欧阳修、苏询、苏拭、苏辙、曾巩、王安石)之首。《师说》是他的代表作之一，是他35岁时在长安任国子监博士时写的。柳宗元很推祟这篇文章，在《答韦中立论师道书》中说:”今之世不闻有师;有，辄论笑之，以为狂人。独韩愈奋不顾流俗，犯笑侮，收召后学，作《师说》，因抗颜(端正容貌)而为师，世间群怪聚骂，指目牵引，而憎与为言辞，愈以是得狂名。"由此可见，《师说》是针对时弊而写，作者在文中阐述了老师的作用和标准，从师学习的重要性和从师应持的态度，提倡能者为师，不耻下问，教学相长。这些精辟的见解突破了孔子学说的框框，具有进步意义。三、归纳整理文言知识
1、字音
无长()无少嗟()乎句读()或不()焉
官盛则近谀()好()古文师襄()老聃()
作《师说》以贻()之李蟠()苌弘()
从师()从容()经传()传道()
2、重点实词：
师者，所以传道受业解惑也。
夫庸知其年之先后生于吾乎?
是故圣益圣，愚益愚。
于其身也，则耻师焉，惑矣。
巫医乐师百工之人，君子不齿
闻道有先后，术业有专攻
3、通假字
师者，所以传道受业解惑也
或师焉，或不焉
4、找出文中的古今异义词并解释。①古之学者必有师②小学而大遗
③所以传道受业解惑也④师不必贤于弟子
⑤今之众人，其下圣人也亦远矣，
5、一词多义
惑：师者，所以传道受业解惑也
惑而不从师，其为惑也，终不解矣。
于其身也，则耻师焉，惑矣。
之：择师而教之古之学者巫医乐师百工之人师道之不复，可知矣句读之不知蚓无爪牙之利吾欲之南海
其：夫庸知其年之先后生于吾乎其皆出于此乎
今其智乃反不能及，其可怪也欤
四、熟读背诵课文。
C案
一、B案效果展示：(15分钟)
二、合作探究：(20分钟)
(一)、疏通翻译文章第一段
(二)思考
问题一：课文标题“师说”的意思是什么?
问题二：试用原文回答老师的职能是什么?人为什么要从师学习?择师的原则(标准)又是什么?
三、当堂巩固
将文章第一段默写到作业本上。
2、写出下列加点字的词性活用：
①吾从而师之：
②吾师道也：
③无贵无贱，无长无少：
3、翻译句子
①古之学者必有师。师者，所以传道受业解惑也。
②生乎吾前，其闻道也固先乎吾，吾从而师之。
A案
借助学案进一步梳理本课相关知识。并借助工具书总结文中“师”和“道”的不同意义和用法。
二、落实全文背诵默写。
唐代： 韩愈
古之学者必有师。师者，所以传道受业解惑也。人非生而知之者，孰能无惑?惑而不从师，其为惑也，终不解矣。生乎吾前，其闻道也固先乎吾，吾从而师之;生乎吾后，其闻道也亦先乎吾，吾从而师之。吾师道也，夫庸知其年之先后生于吾乎?是故无贵无贱，无长无少，道之所存，师之所存也。
嗟乎!师道之不传也久矣!欲人之无惑也难矣!古之圣人，其出人也远矣，犹且从师而问焉;今之众人，其下圣人也亦远矣，而耻学于师。是故圣益圣，愚益愚。圣人之所以为圣，愚人之所以为愚，其皆出于此乎?爱其子，择师而教之;于其身也，则耻师焉，惑矣。彼童子之师，授之书而习其句读者，非吾所谓传其道解其惑者也。句读之不知，惑之不解，或师焉，或不焉，小学而大遗，吾未见其明也。巫医乐师百工之人，不耻相师。士大夫之族，曰师曰弟子云者，则群聚而笑之。问之，则曰：“彼与彼年相若也，道相似也，位卑则足羞，官盛则近谀。”呜呼!师道之不复，可知矣。巫医乐师百工之人，君子不齿，今其智乃反不能及，其可怪也欤!
圣人无常师。孔子师郯子、苌弘、师襄、老聃。郯子之徒，其贤不及孔子。孔子曰：三人行，则必有我师。是故弟子不必不如师，师不必贤于弟子，闻道有先后，术业有专攻，如是而已。
李氏子蟠，年十七，好古文，六艺经传皆通习之，不拘于时，学于余。余嘉其能行古道，作《师说》以贻之。
赏析
文章阐说从师求学的道理，讽刺耻于相师的世态，教育了青年，起到转变风气的作用。文中列举正反面的事例层层对比，反复论证，论述了从师表学习的必要性和原则，批判了当时社会上“耻学于师”的陋习，表现出非凡的勇气和斗争精神，也表现出作者不顾世俗独抒己见的精神。全文幅虽不长，但涵义深广，论点鲜明，结构严谨，说理透彻，富有较强的说服力和感染力。
全文分4段。?
第1段提出中心论题，并以教师的职能作用总论从师的重要性和择师的标准。开篇第一句“古之学者必有师”句首冠以“古之”二字，既说明古人重视师道，又针对现实，借古非今。“必有”二字，语气极为肯定。然后指出师的职能作用是“传道受业解惑”，从正面申述中心论点。接着紧扣“解惑”二字，从不从师的危害说明从师的重要，从反面申述中心论点。最后紧扣“传道”二字，阐明道之有无是择师的唯一标准，一反时俗，将贵贱长少排出标准之外，为下文针砭时弊张本。
第2段批判不重师道的错误态度和耻于从师的不良风气。这一段用对比的方法分三层论述。第一层，把“古之圣人”从师而问和“今之众人”耻学于师相对比，指出是否尊师重道，是圣愚分野的关键所在;第二层，以为子择师而自己不从师作对比，指出“小学而大遗”的谬误;第三层，以巫医乐师百工之人与士大夫之族作对比，批判当时社会上轻视师道的风气。
第3段以孔子为例，指出古代圣人重视师道的事迹，进一步阐明从师的必要性和以能者为师的道理。这一段开头先提出“圣人无常师”的论断，与第1段“古之学者必有师”呼应，并且往前推进一步，由“学者”推进到“圣人”，由“必有师”推进到“无常师”。举孔子为例加以论述，因为孔子在人们心目中是至圣先师，举孔子为例就有代表性，能加强说服力。由此得出“弟子不必不如师，师不必贤于弟子”的结论，这个结论显然是正确的。这种以能者为师的观点就是“道之所存，师之所存”的观点。
第4段赞扬李蟠“不拘于时”“能行古道”，说明写作本文的缘由。“不拘于时”的“时”指“耻学于师”“惑而不从师”的社会风气。“古道”指“从师而问”，以“闻道”在先者为师的优良学风。从而总结全文主旨，点明主题。
在作者的论说文中，《师说》是属于文从字顺、平易畅达一类的，与《原道》一类豪放磅礴、雄奇桀傲的文章显然有别。但在平易畅达中仍贯注着一种气势。这种气势的形成，有多方面的因素。
首先是理论本身的说服力和严密的逻辑所形成的夺人气势。作者对自己的理论主张高度自信，对事理又有透彻的分析，因而在论述中不但步骤严密，一气旋折，而且常常在行文关键处用极概括而准确的语言将思想的精粹鲜明地表达出来，形成一段乃至一篇中的警策，给读者留下强烈深刻的印象。如首段在一路顶接，论述从师学道的基础上，结尾处就势作一总束：“是故无贵无贱，无长无少，道之所存，师之所存也。”大有如截奔马之势。“圣人无常师”一段，于举孔子言行为例之后，随即指出：“是故弟子不必不如师，师不必贤于弟子。闻道有先后，术业有专攻，如是而已。”从“无常师”的现象一下子引出这样透辟深刻的见解，有一种高瞻远瞩的气势。
其次是硬转直接，不作任何过渡，形成一种陡直峭绝的文势。开篇直书“古之学者必有师”，突兀而起，已见出奇;中间批判不良风气三小段，各以“嗟乎”、“爱其子”、“巫医、乐师、百工之人”发端，段与段问，没有任何承转过渡，兀然峭立，直起直落，了不相涉。这种转接发端，最为韩愈所长，读来自觉具有一种雄直峭兀之势。
教学目标
1．了解韩愈关于尊师重道的论述和本文的思想意义。
2．学习借鉴本文正反对比的论证方法。
3．积累文言知识，掌握实词“传、师、从”，虚词“以、也、则、于、乎、所以”等词语的意义和用法，区别古今异义词语。
4．树立尊师重教的思想，培养谦虚好学的风气。教学过程
第一课时
一、导入新课
孔子说：“三人行，必有我师焉，择其善者而从之，其不善者而改之。”在中国，自古以来就有从师的风尚，但是唐朝时候，人们却以从师为耻。柳宗元《答韦中立论师道书》说：“今之世，不闻有师；有辄哗笑之，以为狂人。独韩愈奋不顾流俗，犯笑侮，收召后学，作《师说》，因抗颜而为师；世果群怪聚骂，指目牵引，而增与为言辞。愈以是得狂名。”韩愈倡言师道，触犯流俗、勇气可嘉。今天，我们就来学习这篇著名的文章《师说》。
二、作者介绍
韩愈（768－824），字退之，唐代河南河阳（今河南孟县）人，著名文学家、哲学家、古文运动的倡导者。和柳宗元一起提出“文以载道”、“文道结合”的观点。著有《昌黎先生文集》四十卷，其中有许多为人们所传诵的优秀散文。他的散文，题材广泛，内容深刻，形式多样，语言质朴，气势雄壮，因此后世尊他为唐宋八大家之首。
三、解题
“说”是一种议论文的文体，可以先叙后议，也可夹叙夹议。“说”与“论”相比要随便些。像《捕蛇者说》《马说》都属“说”一类文体。“说”，古义为陈述和解说，因而对这类文体，都可按“解说……的道理”来理解。《师说》意思是解说关于“从师”的道理。
四、研习课文
1．整体把握，理清思路。
（1）学生自读课文，查字词典疏通文字，并根据注解初步弄清文章的含义。教师巡回指导。
（2）请学生统计本课的生难字词，并注音解释，可将有关的内容整理在笔记本上，教师请两位同学到黑板上将自己整理的内容写出，然后全班同学一起订正、补充。
2．具体研习，突出重点难点。
（1）请学生自由翻译课文，要放声翻译，提倡讨论。
（2）学生相互讨论，将自己的疑难问题提出，以求教于周围同学，最后全班统一讨论，请同学向全班学生和老师询疑问难，教师或引导学生回答，或亲自回答。
（3）学生朗读课文。
（4）教师范读课文。
（说明：本课主要任务是在理解写作背景、熟悉作家的基础之上把握文意，以学生自学为主，培养其独立阅读浅易文言文的能力；诵读也是学习语文的重要方式，通过诵读可以使学生进一步体会文章的思想内容与艺术风格。）
五、布置作业
完成课后练习第一题。
第二课时
一、研习课文
1．本文的中心论点是什么？
讨论后明确：古之学者必有师，这句开门见山，不仅起到点题作用，而且笼罩全文，概 1 括了要论及的内容、范围。
2．分析第一段：作者怎样从理论上对中心论点作初步论证的？
讨论后明确：第一层：提出中心论点；第二层：正面概论教师的职能；第三层：反面论述无师不能解惑，从理论上阐明从师的必要性；第四层：正面提出择师标准；第五层：归纳上文，提出从师的原则：无贵无践，无长无少，道之所存，师之所存。
3．分析第二段：
（1）说说这一段与第一段是怎样联系的？
讨论后明确：批判当时士大夫耻于从师的不良风气，通过针砭时弊，从反面论证第一段所提出的中心论点。
（2）这一段的分论点是什么？
讨论后明确：第一句：师道之不传也久矣！欲人之无惑也难矣！
（3）为了论证分论点，为了抨击“耻学于师”的人，作者从哪三个方面进行了对比论证？
讨论后明确：
a．纵比
古之圣人：从师而问。
今之众人：耻学于师。
作者的议论：圣益圣，愚益愚，其皆出于此乎？
b．自比
对其子：择师而教。
对其身：耻学于师。
作者的议论：小学而大遗，吾未见其明也。
c．横比
百工之人：不耻相师。
土大夫：群聚而笑之。
作者的观点：师道之不复，可知矣。今其智乃反不能及，其可怪也欤！
4．分析第三段：
（1）作者引述孔子的言行，阐述了什么观点？作出了什么论断？
讨论后明确：用孔子的言和行两方面的事例论证“圣人无常师”的论点，最后作者从孔子的事例中推断出：“弟子不必不如师，师不必贤于弟子，闻道有先后，术业有专攻，如是而已”的结论。
（2）本段的分论点？所用的论证方法？
讨论后明确：圣人无常师。举例论证。
5．分析第四段：
提问：（1）作者为什么称赞李蟠？（2）这段文字的作用是什么？
讨论后明确：（1）作者赞扬李蟠，既是对他不从流俗的肯定，也是对士大夫们“不从师”的有力批判；既针砭时弊，又通过赞扬李蟠倡导从师。
（2）说明写作本文的原因。
二、欣赏品味
问题：本文语言上有什么特点？
讨论后明确：
（1）整句散句结合：整齐的排偶句和灵活的散句交错运用，配合自然，错落有致。
（2）一个意思，多种句式。第二段结语一句比一句重。
（3）顶真修辞手法的运用。如：“古之学者必有师。师者，所以传道受业解惑也。”
三、课堂训练
（1）完成课后练习第二、三、四题。
1、了解杜甫生平、写作背景及其诗歌创作的影响。
2、掌握吟诵诗歌的基本方法。
3、感受诗人深沉的苦痛和忧思。教学重点：
1、掌握由诗歌意象品味诗歌意境的技巧。
2、赏析诗歌情景交融的艺术特点。教学难点：
走进诗人的情感，感受诗人深沉的痛苦和无尽的哀思。教学过程：
一、导入
中国是诗的国度，唐诗就是诗歌星空中最灿烂的银河！这是一首非常有名的思亲怀乡的诗歌。九月九日是中国的重阳节，那是一家人登高祈求长寿的欢快节日。可是有这样一位老人，衣衫褴褛，满身疾病，年过半百，却只能漂泊异乡。他步履蹒跚地登上长江之滨的夔州，面对处于战乱的国家，面对万里之外的故乡，面对漫天的落叶，面对滚滚长江水，百感千愁涌上心头„„
今天就让我们走近这位老人。共同来欣赏一千两百多年前他为我们留下的千古传唱的著名诗篇《登高》（投影课题）
二、品读诗歌
这是一首七言律诗，学习一首古诗，首先就是要进行朗读。俗话说，书读百遍，其义自现。下面我们一起走进文本，品读诗歌。诵读时请同学们注意四点要求：一是读准字音，二是把握节奏，三是注意轻重，最后要求读出感情。接下来请同学们自由朗读。（学生自由朗读一分钟）
1、请一位同学来读一读，其他同学对他的朗读作一点评。（一位学生朗读，几位同学点评，教师补充做朗读指导）
2、听录音示范朗读，初步感知诗歌。
3、“文如其人，言为心声”。刚才我们读了这首诗，它给我们的总体感受是怎样的？ 明确：凄凉、悲伤、孤独。
4请大家融入这种感受有感情地齐声朗读《登高》。（学生齐读《登高》）
三、赏析诗歌
1、诗人的悲在诗歌中体现在哪里？ 明确：流浪他乡、疾病缠身、壮志未酬。明确：万、常、多、独、恨、停
万：写出了离国别家，漂泊路途之远。常：写出了流浪他乡时间之久。
多：写出了疾病缠身，当时杜甫身患肺结核、疟疾和风湿病等多种疾病，“右臂偏枯耳半聋”一只手已经无法动弹了。
独：感叹独自登台，无亲无友，孤苦伶仃。
恨：时世艰难，而自己命途多舛，两鬓苍苍，功业无成。停：穷困潦倒，没酒可喝，郁积在胸中的愁闷无法得到宣泄。
课时计划(备课时间9月11日第3周)第1课时(总第7课时)
课题 教学目的 重点 难点 教法和手段
错误 理解诗中的意象，体会诗人表达的感情。
认识诗人诗歌的艺术特色 诗人所表达的感情。
诗歌的艺术特色 认识诗人诗歌的艺术特色 诵读法
赏析法
一、 导人新课
婉约是唐宋时的一种诗词风格，与之相应的是豪放派。这两种风格不仅并列于唐宋这两个诗词顶峰的朝代，并且至今仍被人们发挥得淋漓尽致。《错误》正是现代婉约诗之典范。
朗读诗歌
二、总体把握(师生活动：学生诵读-教师简介)
1、 诗歌内容
这是一首极为抒情的诗歌，也未尝不可以看作是一首叙事诗，因为它叙述了一个凄美幽怨的故事。那么这个故事是怎么样的呢?谁来转述一下给我们听听?
明确：见《教师用书》
2、 诗歌特色
你觉得本诗有什么特色?请说说你的总体感受。
明确：主要有：(1)明快而不直露，含蓄而不晦涩，委婉地抒发了离愁别绪。(2)诗歌的意象都是很传统的、中国的。诗人从中国诗歌的浓厚传统中吸取了丰富的养料。用杨牧的话说：郑愁予是“中国的中国诗人”。这是对郑在西化之风劲吹的台湾而坚持中华民族特色的创作个性的极好评价。(3)短小别致，“堪与宋词小令相提并论”。(4)比喻新奇鲜活。等等。
二、 具体赏析(师生活动：提问-讨论-分析)
1、“错误”
题目是“错误”，这是指什么错误?
讨论明确;大致有：(1)女子错误地以为来人是归人;(2)我错误地“打江南走过”，捉弄了女子的感情;(3)“我”确实是女子日日夜夜盼望的归人(心上人)，但是“我”“过家门而不入”，令女子错误地以为“我”回家了。
2、“美丽”
“错误”是“美丽”的，这如何理解?
讨论明确：(1)女子以为，“答答的.马蹄声”可能是归人回来了，心情一下子兴奋起来，所以说“答答的马蹄声”是美丽的，但是……(2)“我”无意识中破坏了女子的心情，使其由兴奋跌入失望，这虽然是个“误会”是个“错误”，但是从审美的角度看，是“美丽”的。(3)这个故事，或者说这个情节美丽，因此“错误”也成为一种美丽。
3、 这是一首美丽而忧伤的诗歌，叙述的是美丽而忧伤的故事，请你从诗中一字、一词、一句或一节加以体会，说说它的美丽或忧伤。
学生自由讨论。
四、再读诗歌
五、作业布置
1、 背诵诗歌
2、 试将本诗改写成一个故事。
I．单元教学目标
技能目标Skill Goals
Talk about agriculture: a pioneer in farming -Yuan Longping
Talk about organic farming & green food
How to write a brief summary
Try to consolidate how to express suggestions & advice
Master the usage of the -ing form as the subject and object
Learn how to design English posters
II． 目标语言
功
能
句
式 建议（ Suggestions & advice）
I would rather ...
If I have a choice I’d choose because ...
I don’t like ... because ...
You need to ...
I’d prefer ... because ...
May I suggest ...
It’s a great pity that ...
Let me suggest Leng Jianli because...
Should I/We ...?
Perhaps we should consider Leng Jianli because...
It’s better to ...
But what/how about ...
词
汇 1. 四会词汇
hunger, sunburn, struggle, super, output, expand, circulate, satisfied, equip, freedom, violin, motorcycle, grain, export, suitable, chemical, confuse, mineral, reduce, supply, bacteria, pest, level, whatever, summary, exchange, nutrition, certain
2. 认读词汇
hybrid, strain, sorghum, peanut, darken, organic, fertilizer, fertile, soybean
3. 词组
rid ... of, be satisfied with, lead a ... life, would rather, refer to, search for, thanks to, rather than, with the hope of ...
语
法 动词的 -ing 形式作主语和宾语的用法
（The -ing form as the subject & object）
a. Wishing for things, however, costs nothing.
b. His other hobbies include playing mah-jong,swimming and reading.
重 点 句 子 1. However, he cares little about spending the money on himself or leading a comfortable life. P10
2.His other hobbies include playing mah-jong, swimming and reading. P10
3. Wishing for things, however, costs nothing.P10
4. It also refers to crops growing with natural rather than chemical fertilizers. P13
5. Putting this in their fields, they argue, makes the soil ... P13
6. This is important because developing a healthy soil reduces diseases ...P13
7. However, using chemical fertilizers is a big problem. P13
8. Instead, organic farmers insist on changing crops every two or three years.P14
9. These put the minerals back into the soil, making it rich and healthy ...P14
10. ... make sure that what is left in the ground after harvesting becomes a ...P14
11. He advised farmers to clear weeds from the ground before planting crops. P52
12. He suggested changing crops in the field every year. P52
Ⅲ. 教材分析与教材重组
1． 教材分析
本单元的中心话题是“农业”， 学生通过讨论和阅读了解有关农业、农村和农作物种植的内容。让学生了解农业在整个人类生活中的重要性，了解农村生活，了解中国农民的生活现状，提高他们对农业的认识，并且帮助他们更深刻地理解农业科学家袁隆平的科学研究的价值。同时让学生了解organic farming 以及它对人们生活的重要性，进一步扩大学生的关于农业方面的词汇量，并通过写一则海报提高学生的写作水平。
1.1 WARMING-UP 通过提问有关农业、农村和农作物种植的内容，让学生谈谈自己对农村和农业劳动的认识或经验。教师可通过讨论让学生互相学习，相互交流经验以增加他们的农业知识。
1.2 PRE-READING 部分有两组问题。在第一组问题中，讨论大米在东亚和东南亚国家人民生活中的重要性；而第二组问题则提出世界部分地区所面临的饥饿问题。由此激发学生对世界的关注，培养学生的同情心。
1.3 READING 部分介绍中国著名的农业科学家袁隆平的生平和他的杂交水稻。第一段描述了袁博士的外表--他更象一个农民而不象一个科学家，农村就是他做科研的殿堂。他的科研成果就是超级杂交水稻。 第二段描述他的家庭出身，学业，献身水稻科研的原因及所取得的成就。第三段告诉我们袁博士过着跟普通人一样的生活却干着伟大的事业。即使在功成名就之后，他也淡泊名利, 有着无私奉献的高尚精神。
1.4 COMPREHENDING 部分设计了三个练习。第一个是判断练习，学生根据课文中理解和收集的信息做出判断，甚至通过讨论才能做出判断。第二个是词语理解题。第三个练习提出问题，要求学生在阅读课文后作出回答,以检验他们的理解力和训练他们的归纳总结能力。
1.5 LEARNING ABOUT LANGUAGE 部分学习本单元重点词汇和语法项目。词语学习部分采用给出词义而让学生从课文中找出与之匹配的词，然后用所找的词汇完成第二个练习中的短文，以及用课文中意义相近的词汇替换练习三句中划线部分。通过这三种练习帮助学生理解并能熟练应用课文中所学的词汇。语法部分通过从课文中找同义句引出动词的-ing 形式，教师此时可引导学生找出其他的句子，以启发学生理解-ing形式的句法功能。练习二通过模仿例句，用-ing形式做主语代替动词不定式改写句子。练习三要求学生连接短语造句，让学生学习ing形式作宾语的用法，并列举后面接动词-ing形式作宾语的动词。练习四则训练学生v-ing形式在实际生活中的应用能力。练习五则设计了一个游戏以丰富学生的想象力。
1.6 USING LANGUAGE 部分综合训练学生的听说读写能力。第一部分读写结合，学生先阅读文章，文章写的是 Organic Farming or green food,读完后要求学生写一个摘要。在此教师要首先强调写摘要时学生一定要抓住文章的主题并且运用所学的重要词语。听力部分通过回答问题来提高学生的理解能力和理解的正确性。Reading, speaking and writing 部分把读，说和写有机地结合在一起。假设你是一个“绿色食品” farmer，通过背景阅读，你要有充分的理由，利用所提供的句型，以对话的形式说服他人购买你的食品。最后为你的食品设计一个有说服力的广告。
1.7 SUMMING UP部分要求学生归纳总结本单元内容、词汇和语法结构三个方面。
1.8 LEARNING TIPS 部分对如何提高表达能力提出建议。
2. 教材重组
2．1 把Warming up 和Pre-reading 作为reading 的导入内容，将这三部分与Comprehending整合成一节阅读课。
2.2 将 Learning about Language on Page 11, USING STRUCTURES (P50)设计成一节词汇和语法课。
2.3 将 Using Language 中的 Reading 和 READING TASK in Workbook (P51) 还有USING WORDS AND EXPRESSIONS on P51设计成一节泛读课。
2.4 将Using Language 中的Listening（P14），LISTENING TASK（P50）和LISTENING（P48）设计成一节听力课。
2.5 将 Speaking and Writing（P15）和SPEAKING AND WRITING TASK（P53）及TALKING（P48）设计成一节写作课。
2.6将 SUMMING UP (P16), USING WORDS AND EXPRESSIONS (P49), PROJECT和CHECKING YOURSELF (P47) 设计成一节复习课。
3. 课型设计与课时分配 （经过教材分析，本单元可用五课时完成。）
1st period Reading
2nd period Words and grammar
3rd period Reading
4th period Listening
5th period Writing
6th period Summary
Ⅳ. 分课时教案
The First Period Reading
Teaching goals 教学目标
1. Target Language 目标语言
a. 词汇和短语
sunburn, struggle, super, expand, circulate, equip, export, rid ... of, be satisfied with, lead a ... life, search for, would rather, thanks to, with the hope of, rather than
b. 重点句子
This special strain of rice makes it possible to produce one-third more of the crop in the same fields. P10
He cares little about spending the money on himself or leading a comfortable life. P10
He also doesn’t care about being famous. P10
He feels it gives him less freedom to do his research. P10
His other hobbies include playing mah-jong, swimming and reading. P10
Wishing for things, however, costs nothing. P10
2. Ability goals 能力目标
Enable Ss to learn more about agriculture, countryside and farming. By talking they can exchange their experience with each other. By reading they will realize the role that agriculture plays in human life. In fact this world faces a serious problem-starvation. So after reading the passage about Dr Yuan students will know the importance of his achievement to man. Of course they will learn from Dr Yuan some noble character.
3. Learning ability goals 学能目标
Help Ss learn how to describe Dr Yuan Longping including his personality.
Teaching important points 教学重点
a. Help to comprehend the text and grasp the main idea of the text.
b. Grasp the usage of some words and expressions.
c. How to help students make up their minds to make contributions to motherland in the future like Dr Yuan.
Teaching difficult points 教学难点
a. How to help students learn more about agriculture.
b. Help students really master the usage of words and expressions.
Teaching methods 教学方法
Talking, questioning-and-answering activity and reading.
Teaching aids 教具准备
A tape recorder, a projector and a computer.
Teaching procedures && ways 教学过程与方式
Step Ⅰ Greeting and leading in
T: Hello, everyone.
Ss: Hello, teacher.
T: In last unit we learnt some great women. Today we’ll learn a famous man. Who will it be? At first let’s look at the two pictures on Page 9. What are the people doing?
Ss: They are planting rice.
T: Can you tell me something about rice?
S: Rice grows in the south.
S: But in some place of the north we can also find rice.
T: Yeah. You are right. In fact rice is a cereal grain that has been grown for at least 5,000 years and is eaten by 2.4 billion people everyday throughout the world. In Australia, farmers have had to struggle with their harsh environment to grow rice.
Ss: Really?
Step Ⅱ Warming up
T: Have you ever grown any plants? If so, what did you do to grow them? If not, what kind of plant would you like to grow? How will you grow it?
S: I have ever grown corn and potatoes. In autumn, my father and I ploughed the soil deep for the first time, then in the next spring, we ploughed the soil for a second time, this time I put the corn seeds into the tunnel following my father. Finally my father covered the corn seeds by ploughing again.
S: I never grow any plant. I’d like to plant sunflowers. They look beautiful. They always face the sun when they are young. I dig some holes in my garden, put some sunflower seeds in them, water them and finally cover them with some more soil.
T: Very well. Have you ever been to the countryside? What did you do there?
S5: Yes, I went there to see my grandfather. In the village I played with other boys in the little stream and caught little fish. I even helped my grandfather get in the corn by cutting the corn stems, which made me tired.
T: Are you from a farmer’s family? What do you know about farming?
S: Yes, my father is a farmer. In my view, farming is hard work. People have to plant crops, smooth away weeds and get in the crops at the right time. They have to get up early to work in the field so as to protect themselves from the sunshine.
T: That’s right. In the north, the biggest worry that farmers have is the drought. When it doesn’t rain, and they can’t irrigate the crops, the crops will die and they will have nothing after hard working.
Step Ⅲ Pre-reading
The purpose of this step is to let students know the importance of rice. By answering the two questions, students can easily understand why we call Dr Yuan Longping a pioneer for all people, and why he devotes all his life to the rice research.
T: Food is the basic need for man. Rice is a main food in all Eastern Asian and Southeastern Asian countries. It is said that there are 2.4 billion people to eat rice everyday throughout the world. What do you think would happen if tomorrow there was suddenly no rice to eat?
S: I think if that happened, people there would suffer from starvation. They would be panic and the whole country would get into trouble. Maybe the situation that human beings eat human beings will happen.
T: That’s too terrible. But this kind of thing once happened in history. Well, if you had the chance to do one thing to help end famine in the world, what would you do?
S: I would invent a new kind of plant to produce more food.
S: I’ll make a kind of fertilizer to give rice enough nutrition and let them grow quickly and have high product. But first without pollution to our environment.
T: A great idea! Your idea is just the same with Dr Yuan Longping. Do you know Yuan Longping?
S: I heard that he is an expert on agriculture.
T: Yeah, today we are going to read a passage about him. Let’s see how he helped the world to solve the problem- starvation. Please open your books to Page 9.
Step Ⅳ Fast Reading
The reading material is about an agricultural pioneer named Yuan Longping who worked hard at a new strain of rice. It has proved so successful that his technology spread into other countries. The purpose of fast reading is to let students find some useful information, and get familiar with the text. So in this step, teacher can design some questions for students, so that they can easily find the answers and finish the reading task.
T: Please scan the passage and find out the answers to the questions on the screen. Then I’d like to ask you to answer them.
Show the questions on the screen and give students three minutes to read the text quickly.
1. What does Dr Yuan look like?
2. What’s his achievement?
3. What do you think of him?
Three minutes later.
T: Now who’s the first volunteer to answer Question 1?
S: He has a sunburnt face and arms and a slim, strong body. He is more like a farmer than a scientist.
T: Good! What about his achievement?
S: He grows what is called super hybrid rice, which makes it possible to produce one-third more of the crop in the same fields. Thanks to his research, the UN is trying to rid the world of hunger. Using his hybrid rice farmers’ producing harvests twice as large as before.
T: What do you think of Dr Yuan?
S: It isn’t a quick question. I think Dr Yuan doesn’t like money. He gives millions of yuan to equip others for their research in agriculture. He doesn’t like fame too. Because he feels it gives him less freedom to do his research, and he would rather keep time for his hobbies. Besides, he is a man with colourful dreams. He wants to produce a kind of rice that could feed more people, and he can export his rice so that it can be grown all of the world.
T: I think that your eyes are like a scanning machine. You can find so many good points of Dr Yuan Longping in such a short time. That’s very good. But I can describe Dr Yuan in one word. Guess which word?
S: I don’t know.
T: Wise. In this world, many people warship material and fame. But just as you said Dr Yuan didn’t like money and fame. Because he knows he can’t own these things forever. All the money and fames are chains, which can trip a person’s happiness and freedom. So he is a wise man. Giving up all the fame and money means liberation. Here I’d like to praise him using a Chinese poem. That is “有如莲花出于水, 又如日月不住空。”. Don’t you agree with me?
Ss: Yes, we agree with you.
T: Thank you. Now let’s read the text again to find the main idea of the text. Doing this we can find how the writer designed the text. This can give us an idea to write an biography.
Step Ⅴ Careful Reading and Explanation
Give students 3 minutes to read and find the main idea of the text. While students are doing this, teacher can show the chart on the screen. After they have finished their task, ask them to look at the screen and fill in it.
T: Well. In last unit, we learn how to make a poster to tell everyone about a theme. Do you remember? Make a large heading, then make a smaller heading giving a little more information. Write down most of the information using the smallest size writing. Now, let’s practice it again. Look at the chart on the screen, in which I have written the large heading of each paragraph. What you should do is to fill in the smaller headings to finish the poster. Now, let’s begin. You may work in pairs to have a discussion to see what you should fill in. Should I give you some suggestions to finish this task?
Ss: Yes.
T: OK, 5 minutes is enough, I think.
Show the chart on the screen:
A PIONEER FOR ALL PEOPLE
1. He wants everyone to call him a farmer.
2. His biography.
3. His personality.
4. His dreams.
Five minutes later, teacher can ask some of them to fulfil the chart. They can use words, phrases, or sentences to do this. Here is a sample for teacher to refer to.
A PIONEER FOR ALL PEOPLE
1. He wants everyone to call him a farmer.
1) A scientist works the land.
2) Sunburnt face and arms, slim, strong body.
3) Grow hybrid rice.
4) The first agricultural pioneer.
2. His biography.
1) In 1931, born.
2) In 1953, graduated and devoted his life to finding ways to grow rice.
3) Last year, twenty billion tons of rice was produced. Now, Dr Yuan is circulating his knowledge.
3. His personality.
He is satisfied with his life. Because he doesn’t like
money and fame.
4. His dreams.
1) The first dream.
2) The second dream.
T: Wonderful! I believe that you have mastered the way to write a biography. Now do you have any trouble in understanding the sentences? Please go ahead.
S1: Yes, I don’t understand the sentence “... for that’s how he regards himself”.
S2: Can you explain the sentence “... has more, rather than fewer troubles.”?
T: OK, the phrase, “how he regards himself”, means how he thinks of himself. It refers to a person’s self-image; while“... has more, rather than fewer troubles” means that you expect fewer troubles but in fact you get more than you thought you would.
T: Now please look at the screen. Here are some explanations about the boldface words in our text. Copy the English explanation of these words and read the examples.
Show the following points on the screen.
1. struggle v to make great efforts
e.g. They have struggled for years to free their country from the enemy.
I’m struggling to finish the huge helping you gave me.
2. sunburnt adj sun-tanned
e.g. His sunburnt skin looks healthy.
3. super adj (infml) excellent; splendid
e.g. You’ll like her, she’s super.
You look super in your new clothes.
It was super of you to help.
4. expand v
(cause sth to) become greater in size, number or importance
e.g. Metals expand when they are heated.
Why not try to expand your story into a novel?
5. circulate v
(cause sth to ) pass from one person, place, etc to another
e.g. People who circulate false news are to be blamed.
Yet reports of this kind have been circulated by our newspapers.
The news of the enemy’s defeat quickly circulated round the town.
6. equip v
supply sb/sth (with what is needed, for a particular purpose)
e.g. Now all fishing boats are radio-equipped.
They can’t afford to equip their army properly.
Please equip yourself with a sharp pencil and a rubber for the exam.
7. export v
send (goods) to another country for sale
e.g. India exports tea and cotton to many different countries.
This company has a large home market but doesn’t export.
8. rid ... of make sb/ sth free from (sb/ sth unpleasant)
e.g. We all wish that we would rid the world of famine.
The farmer recently tried to rid the house of rats.
9. lead ... a life, live ... a life
e.g. Now we are leading a happy life.
In the old days farmers led a terrible life in the country.
10. be satisfied with, be content with
e.g. The young lady isn’t satisfied with the peaceful life.
Are you satisfied with his answers?
11. would rather, prefer to
e.g. I’d rather walk than take a bus.
I’d rather you knew that now, than afterwards.
Step Ⅵ Listening and Post-reading
At first, let students listen to the tape, and then finish the exercise in Comprehending. In Step Ⅳ and Ⅴ, we have involved some questions in Exercise 3, so teacher can choose some questions to do. For Ex 1 and 2, teacher can leave some time for students to finish and then check the answers with the whole class.
Step Ⅶ Summary and Homework
T: Today we talked about agriculture. And we also read about Dr Yuan Longping. We have known much about the great scientist. Of course we have learned some words and expressions about farming. Please try to grasp these words and expressions after class. Now please look at the poem on the screen:
Farmers weeding at noon,
Sweat down the field soon.
Who knows food on a tray,
Due to their toiling day?
T: Do you know it? Read it and say what does it mean?
Ss: Of course. It’s 悯农 written by Li Shen.
T: Right. The title is A HARD - WORKING FARMER. This is my gift to you. Please read it together. OK, hope you can remember it when you are having your dinners. Besides, I’d like you to think: even if Dr Yuan’s dreams come true, can this really solve the starvation? Why? This is the homework. Think it over. Next time I’ll ask some of you to give your opinion in the class. Another one is to finish the exercises in Learning about Language. Exercise 1, 2 and 3 are about useful words and expressions. Finish them. Next time we’ll check the answers. Ok, class is over. See you next time.
附件:
课文复述
Retell the text in about 150 words.
Notes:
1. Use the first person to retell the story.
2. Try to use the proper conjunctions.
3. Refer to the chart while retelling.
4. The possible version below can be used as a material for both retelling and dictation.
One possible version:
I’m Yuan Longping. Look at my sunburnt face and arms and my slim, strong body and you will think I’m more like a farmer than a scientist. In fact I have struggled for the past five decades to help farmers. In 1974, I began to grow a so-called super hybrid rice. This special strain of rice makes it possible to produce one-third more of the crop in the same fields.
I was born into a poor farmer’s family in 1931. When I was young, I saw many people go hungry often. So I have devoted myself to finding ways to increasing rice harvest without expanding the area of fields since I graduated from Southwest Agriculture College in 1953. Now more than 60 % of the rice produced in China each year is from this hybrid strain. I am circulating this knowledge in India, Vietnam and other less developed countries to increase their harvest. Perhaps you think I am rich. Actually I live a simple life. I care little for money. In my opinion a person with too much money will have more troubles. I don’t want to be famous because I prefer to have more time to do my research. In my free time I love listening to music, playing mah-jong and reading. I once had a dream, in which I saw rice plants as tall as sorghum and each ear of rice was as big as an ear of corn and each grain of rice was as huge as a peanut. Now I have another dream-to export my rice so that it can be grown all over the world.
详细内容请订阅
培养学生阅读分析文言文的能力。教学重难点： 重点：
1、结合课文注释并参考工具书疏通课文，整体感知这首古代诗的思想内容和艺术特色。
2、反复诵读课文，深入理解诗歌中反映的社会生活和作品表现出来的艺术特色。难点：
3、逐句理解课文中相关词语在文中的语境意义，品味古典诗歌的语言美。
4、鉴赏课文的思想内容和艺术形式。教学时数：2课时 教学步骤： 早自习预习：（或第一课时）1.注音、注释： 靡（mǐ）：室靡家，没有正常的家庭生活。靡，无。室，与“家”义同。不遑（huáng）：不暇。遑，闲暇。玁（xiǎn）狁（yǔn）：中国古代民族名。
载（zài）饥载渴：则饥则渴、又饥又渴。载„„载„„，即又„„又„„。戍（shù）：防守，这里指防守的地点。聘（pìn）：问，谓问候。盬（gǔ）：止息，了结。戎（róng）：车，兵车。牡（mǔ）：雄马。骙（kuí）：雄强，威武。这里的骙骙是指马强壮的意思。腓（féi）：庇护，掩护。弭（mǐ）：弓的一种，其两端饰以骨角。象弭，以象牙装饰弓端的弭。鱼服，鱼皮制的箭袋。棘（jí）：急。孔棘，很紧急。霏（fēi）霏：雪花纷落的样子。另有：
不来（lài）孔疚（jiù）寰宇（huán）神裔（yì）肴馔（yáozhuàn）宅邸（dǐ）逃遁（dùn）整饬（chì）2.字形辨析：
靡（靡费）聘（聘请）霏（烟霏）遁（遁词）睽（众目睽睽）糜（糜烂）骋（驰骋）菲（芳菲）循（遵循）骙（四牡骙骙）遑（不遑）戍（戍守）戎（戎装）弥（弥漫）饬（整饬）徨（彷徨）戌（戊戌）戒（戒严）弭（消弭）伤（伤感）3.反复诵读。
4.尽量用现代歌谣的形式试译课文。
一、新课导入：
深情地朗诵台湾诗人余光中的《乡愁》：
小时候，乡愁是一枚小小的邮票：我在这头，母亲在那头。长大后，乡愁是一张窄窄的船票：我在这头，新娘在那头。后来啊，乡愁是一方矮矮的坟墓：我在外头，母亲在里头。而现在，乡愁是一湾浅浅的海峡：我在这里，大陆在那头。这是台湾诗人余光中的《乡愁》。其实，每个人都有自己生于斯长于斯的家园，每个人都拥有融于自己的血脉的故土亲情。对故土的情结对一个人的影响常常是终生的，有时甚至让人魂牵梦绕，荡气回肠。为什么？让我们到我国文学的源头和西方文学的源头中去追溯这种美好的情感吧！《诗经》名篇《采薇》就为我们提供了这种体验平台。
二、检查早读诵读效果，并试用现代歌谣的形式翻译诗歌：
1.指名学生朗读，多鼓励学生自告奋勇地朗读；教师点评朗读效果。2.先多鼓励几位学生试译；然后教师提供参考翻译：
采薇采薇一把把，薇菜新芽已长大。说回家呀道回家，眼看一年又完啦。有家等于没有家，为跟玁狁去厮杀。没有空闲来坐下，为跟玁狁来厮杀。
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