一年级小学生英语教案（通用8篇）
民族小学：凡统江
教学目标 学生能听懂，会说red, green ,blue, yellow, white，black六个表示颜色的单词，发音准确。学生能用特殊疑问句What colour?向他人询问物品的颜色，语音语调正确。3 学生能听懂特殊疑问句What colour?并能根据情况用It’s…回答，语音语调正确。4 学生能通过在特定的情境中操练所学句型，提高他们综合运用语言的能力和人际交往能力。
教学重点
1学生能听懂，会说red, green ,blue, yellow, white，black六个表示颜色的单词，发音准确。
2学生能听懂特殊疑问句What colour?并能根据情况用It’s…回答，语音语调正确。教学难点
1.熟练掌握blue, green, yellow, red, white，black六个表示颜色的单词。2.会用句式“What colour ? ”提问并回答“It’s … 课前准备 教具准备： PPT 五颜六色的卡片 2 教学准备：彩色铅笔
教学过程
Step1: Warm-up and review 1复习之前所学过的问候语（通过PPT展示，牢固他们对所学知识的认读能力）。2多媒体播放儿歌《Hello hello how are you?》,活跃课堂氛围。Step2:Lead-in T: Today I take you a magic animal.Do you want to see? Ss: Yes.CAI shows a chameleon.T: Is it beautiful? Ss:Yes.T: This is a chameleon, do you want to know how many colours can change? S: Yes.T: Now let’s go to see the colours.(教师板书课题colour)T: colour colour 颜色 用PPT出示一变色龙变化颜色，T：What’s this?
S: It’s a chameleon.its name is kami.听录音引出新词 T: It’s green.Step3: Presentation T: green , green 绿色。
（学生用跟读，小组读，男生女生读，个别读的方式保证学生对此单词的发音。）直接引出green, green, it’s green.教师指着chameleon T：what colour？同时板书完成标题
Ss: It’s green.T：（出示绿色卡片）what colour？ Ss: It’s green.同样方法引出新词(新授单词yellow, green, red, white，black教授方法同上。)听指令找颜色（准备好的水彩笔）。Step4:Practise 1通过各种图片的颜色进行教师示范，集体操练，再分小组操练本课重点句型。2在教师里找颜色。3Let’s chant.Colour, colour, what colour? Blue, blue, I t’s blue.Colour, colour, what colour? Yellow, yellow, it’s yellow.Colour, colour, what colour? Green, green, it’s green.Colour, colour, what colour? Red , red, it’s red.Colour, colour, what colour? White, white.It’s white.Colour, colour, what colour? Black, black.It’s black.Step5:Assessment Colour the pictures 小朋友每人在课前准备了一套彩色铅笔，老师准备好无色图片，小朋友在图片上涂上相应的颜色，看谁的反应最快，准确率最高。
关键词：小学英语,词汇卡片,教学策略
一、小学英语词汇教学的问题
广州市小学一年级英语课程主要学习内容是单词和简短句子,目的是让学生初步接触英语,培养学习兴趣。 但目前词汇教学存在以下若干问题:
1. 新编广州版小学英语教材Success With English单词容量大,对词汇教学的要求高。 据《 广州市义务教育阶段学科学业质量评价标准》 ,小学一年级学生要求听、说掌握词汇105个,小学二年级词汇230个。
2.教学方法主要为反复听、读、背、唱,学生易觉枯燥,降低操练兴趣,遗忘率高,学习效果不够理想。
3.Phonics语音策略本有助于学习英语词汇, 但与汉语拼音互相干扰,因此一年级教学中不适宜采用。
4.课外和家庭中的学习对培养孩子学习习惯非常重要,但家长辅导英语学习的能力、学生自学的能力普遍比较薄弱。
5.市面上缺乏有效学具。
二、词汇卡片策略要符合新课改要求和学生身心发展规律
1．英语课程标准
课程标准倡导“ 体验学习”,提出要根据小学生的生理、心理及发展需要,激发学生学习英语的兴趣,培养学习积极性,建立初步学习英语的自信心。
2.儿童心理学理论
激发儿童学习兴趣往往依赖各种有趣的游戏形式,6、7岁的小学生好奇、好动、爱玩、爱表现,听觉敏捷,模仿力和记忆力强,更易接受直观的形象思维。
词汇卡片结合游戏、竞争、表演、唱歌、画画等活动,调动感官, 能丰富对语言的认识、理解、想象,强化他们的记忆,有助于增强学生的学习兴趣,提升学习效果。
三、应用词汇卡片教学策略效果显著
笔者2013至2014年在所任教学校一年级进行研究实践,设计制作英语词汇卡片,形成在课堂教学、课外使用词汇卡片的策略。 课堂观察发现:实验班学习氛围明显比对照班活跃,学生更愿意投入学习活动。 课后,家长和学生积极主动地参与词汇游戏。 检测数据表明:学生对单词的听读能力和认读水平明显较高,词汇检测笔试实验班优秀率75%,远高于对照班的12.8%,词汇认读口试实验班优秀率80%,也远高于对照班15.4%。
四、词汇卡片的制作和运用
1.词汇卡片的制作
学生卡:采用名片大小硬卡片,方便携带使用。 家长协助制作。 端正书写字母,让学生建立标准正确的字符图像。 卡上加四线,让学生直观感知字母在四线中的具体位置,为写单词打基础。背面标示中文,扩大汉语词汇量。 卡片上画相应图案,增加学习兴趣。
教师卡:一套A4纸张尺寸大卡片,制作方法同上,用于教学展示。
2.词汇卡片在课堂教学中的运用
探索构建了相对固定的课堂教学模式( 见下图) 。
3.词汇卡片游戏
分组游戏活动:“ 音、形、义”教学游戏活动,两个或四个学生一组。
( 1)“ 音”的游戏 — ——石头、剪刀、布。 先抽一张词汇卡片,一边大声读出卡片一边猜拳,谁猜赢了就得这张卡片,卡片越多积分越高。 主要训练词汇的正确发音,在反复朗读中加强对发音的记忆。 ( 2)“ 形”的游戏 — ——盖棉被。 先选出若干生词进行短时认读,一个同学手持若干张卡片派发,边发卡片边两人齐读指定单词,如派发的单词卡片和所读单词一致就迅速用手掌拍那张卡片, 先拍卡片的同学得到那张卡片,卡片越多积分越高。 主要训练对词形的辨认。 ( 3)“ 义”的游戏 — ——钓鱼。 一个学生打开英语词汇的一面,另一学生打开中文意思的一面,先后将词汇的中英卡片进行配对,配对正确数量决定积分。主要训练通过词形掌握词义的能力。( 4)“ 音、形、 义”游戏———PK Words。一个学生派发卡片,另一个学生读出单词、 说出中文意思,以正确数量决定积分。 全体学生一起参与的游戏: 从“ 听、认、说、读”四方面设计。 ( 5)“ 认、读”游戏———Bombom Game。 老师将词汇卡片贴在黑板上,先选一位同学读出。 老师手拿一个“ 炸弹”,当“ 炸弹”移动到所读的卡片时,学生就马上站起来高举双手大声读出该卡片。反应最快又能找准的一组给予课堂加分。 找错的一组相应扣分。该游戏帮助学生快速认读词汇。( 6)“ 听、认” 游戏———Bingo大卡。在硬白色卡纸上划分9个方格,老师读生词, 如“ NO.1 Plane”,学生找出该词汇卡片放到1号方格上,完成者大声说“ Bingo”,老师给予课堂加分。 该游戏训练通过词形记单词,为三年级写单词做铺垫。( 7)“ 认、说”游戏——One By One。 接龙游戏, 全班分成四大组,课前5分钟复习词汇。 老师手拿词汇大卡,快速翻动卡片,每组学生一个接一个读出卡片,能顺利读准的给予课堂积分,读错扣分,其他组纠错,并获得相应加分。 还可让学生进行句型练习,如卡片Red,学生接龙说出句型“ I like red”。
4.词汇卡片在课后复习中的运用
克服遗忘,是词汇卡片学习策略带有心理学色彩的具体表现。 笔者所设计的词汇卡片学习策略注重重复率, 利用记忆周期帮助学生有效复习巩固所学词汇,每次课前几分钟复习上节课词汇,下课前几分钟组织游戏活动, 课后布置学生在第2天、4天、7天、15天进行每天两次的词汇游戏活动,以此类推,再循环记忆一遍,加上同学利用卡片在课后和家里复习,所学词汇不容易遗忘。
五、注意建立有效的激励机制
激励机制能更好地激发和保持学习兴趣, 结合低年级学生爱竞争、爱表现的心理特点,笔者设计了词汇卡片学习课堂积分卡、 游戏积分卡、课后家长积分卡,建立评价机制,制定奖励措施,使学生和家长保持学习热情。
【关键词】翻译专业；英语语音； 问题与对策
一、前言
语音教学是英语教学中的一个重要环节，是英语学习的第一步，也是整个英语学习的基础。它同学生听、说、读、写四方面技能的发展有着极为密切的联系，良好的语音语调可以帮助学生提高英语整体水平，如提高单词记忆效率，增强语感，掌握句子语序以及语法规则，欣赏英语诗歌散文等。语音对英语听力水平的提高更有直接的关系，Rubbin （1994） 提出影响听能的五大障碍，指出说话者的发音特征为其中之一。因此能说一口地道的英语，有利于学生自信心的培养，同时也会为学生将来从事跨文化的交流活动打下坚实的基础。本文在前人研究的基础上，通过对翻译专业一年级学生语音情况调查及分析，对所产生的问题进行了总结归纳，并提出完善语音教学的建议，对语音教学有着重要的借鉴意义。
在翻译专业教学教学实践中，笔者发现，来自各地的学生语音基础有很大的差别。英语语音好的学生可谓凤毛麟角，绝大多数学生的语音都存在或多或少的问题：发音不标准，不能正确拼读单词，朗读时不注意连读、失去爆破、节奏等。影响学生英语语音表达的因素有很多方面，如学生通过以笔试为主的高考进入高校进行专业学习，因此在语音训练方面花费的时间和精力不够；有些学生来自大城市的外语学校，入学时就已经具有比较好的语音基础；有些学生的发音不够地道，带有明显的地方口音；还有些学生，由于在语音学习的初级阶段受到师资、教学设备等条件的影响和制约，语音基础不扎实。
因此，如果不打好英语语音基础、不重视英语语音的矫正，即使学生语言素质再好，也势必影响翻译专业学生在未来翻译活动中各方面的发展。针对这种情况，笔者对理工科大学生翻译专业一年级学生语音问题进行了调查与分析，以找出其症结所在，并针对教学现状提出建议，以期提高翻译专业学生英语语音水准及英语语音教学的整体水平。
二、研究方法
（一）调查对象
本研究的调查对象是华北电力大学翻译专业一年级学生，目前为我校翻译专业本科阶段第一届学生。相比历年我校英语专业招生情况，本届学生第一志愿录取率远远高于二志愿录取率，因此学生语言的基本素质较好。同时，由于面向全国招生，因此学生英语语音发音也各有特点，且容易出现地方口音影响英语发音的情况。
（二）调查工具
为了更全面地了解和指导翻译专业学生的语音学习，结合学期测验情况，笔者在华北电力大学翻译专业学生中做了一次关于语音习得的现状和需求调查及访谈，以了解在这一阶段语音教学的情况及不足之处，并提高翻译专业的语音教学。问卷调查在我校翻译专业共26名学生中进行，收回有效问卷26份，问卷调查分三个层次：学生对语音的认识、学生的语音情况、语音教学及学习的改进的建议和措施，问卷还针对学生对于各层次的理解和认识还划分了0～10共十一个级别，从客观上可以看出学生普遍的学习情况和倾向。
三、结果与讨论
调查共收到26份有效问卷。
从结果中我们可以看出，在英语语音地位方面，大多数翻译专业学生都认为英语语音学习极为重要，但他们对语音训练的重视程度还是不够。在英语语音学习所占自己学习时间比重上，共有14名学生选择了“6～10”，占全部学生人数的53%。因此在人数比重上并没有特别明显的优势，说明学生的语音训练时间及时长上还需加强。
在英语语音习得方面，共有16名学生认为自己主要通过看英文电影或听英文歌曲辅助学习英文，占全班人数的64%，说明学生课外学习英语语音比重较大，教师仅起到指导作用。
在音段音位上，学生普遍都认为尽管自己能发出大部分元音与辅音，但是个别元音和辅音还需要长时间训练才能有所提高。在超音段音位方面尤其是节奏与连读，大部分学生认为比较困难。此外，在调查问卷中学生普遍没有反映失去爆破的问题，对失去爆破的重视程度不高同样这会使他们在听力中对单词辨认程度减弱。
在英语语音初次接触学习阶段，12名学生从小学或更早开始系统得接触语音知识，占全班人数的46%；10名学生从初中开始系统得接触语音知识，占全班人数的38%；4名学生之前从未系统得接触过语音知识，占全班人数的16%。根据Steinberg的研究，控制发音器官的运动神经技能在10岁到12岁时开始衰退，所以儿童学习第二语言的发音有绝对的优势。笔者认为大部分学生系统得接触英语语音知识较早，因此，对英语语音知识有一定的认识。然而，在学期测验中，学生元音和辅音这两类基础知识和基本技能还是或多或少有一些问题。在对学生的访谈中，大多数学生反映在小学、中学阶段，虽然接触到了语音知识，但是教师不重视语音训练，这使他们在语音形成的关键时期没有获得良好的训练及提高，导致他们语音基础还不够扎实。
在生源地调查方面，翻译专业学生来自全国各地，各地的方言也制约了他们的语音语调。虽然，大部分学生感觉自己能正确发出元音与辅音，方言对英语发音影响不大。但在学期测验中，不少学生发音并不标准，方言影响明显，如重庆、贵州、广东、广西等地学生不能区分[l]与[n]，因为[l]与[n]在他们的方言中是等同的，他们总会把“light”同“night”混淆。
四、启示与建议
在教学过程中，教师应当有加强教学的针对性及侧重点。针对翻译专业学生的语音学习经历、英语语音水准因材施教。如打破传统按部就班的教学模式，将重音与节奏贯穿于整个学期的教学活动中，以帮助学生提高英语语音语感及语言表达的流利程度。
其次，应采取课堂教学和课外辅导相结合的教学模式。通过问卷调查，不难看出课外学习对学生语音提高的重要性。因此，可根据学生的具体情况，采取集中或个别的课外辅导，以帮助学生强化课堂所授语音知识和技能。
另外，教师也必须不断得进行英语语音训练、积极参加语音教学方面的论坛、会议等，以吸收借鉴先进的教学理念和教学方法，如“直接教学法”， “听说教学法” 及“交际教学法”等提高教学效果。此外，教师还应营造更多的英语语言氛围，如举行演讲赛、辩论赛、诗歌比赛等辅助学生提高对英语语言知识的理解和运用。
这样，通过全方位的英语语音教学，翻译专业学生的英语语音基础将会进一步得到夯实。对学生将来口语表达，特别是口译实践方面起到相当积极的作用。
参考文献：
[1]何善芬. 英语语音教学中英汉对比的几个方面[J]. 外国语，1987.
[2]桂灿昆. 音位理论及其在英语语音口语教学中的应用[J]. 外国语，1980.
[3]罗立胜、张莱湘. 英语语音教学的回顾及对目前英语语音教学的几点建议[J]. 外语与外语教学，2002（10）.
[4]肖靖. 关于非英语专业开设英语语音课的若干思考[J]. 教育与职业，2006（8）.
[5]张冠林. 大学一年级英语语音练习手册[M]. 北京：外语教学与研究出版社，2006.
教学内容：
Unit 8 Happy New Year!
教学目标：
1.能初步会听、说、读并拼写单词：a doll, a ball, a CD, a car, a robot
2.能初步听懂、会读、会运用句型：What’s this/that?，并会用It’s a 来回答。
3.能初步听懂、会读、会说、会运用句型This is for you./It’s for you.来相互赠与礼物。
4.学会新年节日祝福，礼貌用语。会表达谢意：Thank you.
5.明白中西方新年文化差异。
教学重点：
1.能初步会听、说、读并拼写单词： a robot
2.能初步听懂、会读、会运用句型：What’s this/that?，并会用It’s a 来回答。
3.能初步听懂、会读、会说、会运用句型This is for you./It’s for you.来相互赠与礼物。
教学难点：
1.能初步听懂、会读、会运用句型：What’s this/that?，并会用It’s a 来回答。
能初步听懂、会读、会说、会运用句型This is for you./It’s for you.来相互赠与礼物。
教学准备：
挂图，卡片，PPT
教学过程：
Step 1 Greeting.
1.课前准备：Sing songs and say rhymes
Are you Mike? Nice clothes …
Row, row, row your boat…
让学生自己说说学过小诗和歌曲，让学生逐渐进入学习英语的气氛中提示学生说小诗Let’s learn。
T: Do you like English?
Ss: Yes, I do.
T: Let’s learn English Now.
2.Greeting
Step 2 Presentation
1.Brain storm(脑筋急转弯)
a. What letter is an animal(动物)? B(bee)
b. What letter is a question? Y(why为什么)
c. Why are the letter G and letter S in“gloves”close(亲密) to each other(互相，彼此)? Because there is love between them !
2.绕口令
a. I scream, you scream, we all scream for ice-cream!
我叫喊，你叫喊，我们都喊着要冰淇淋!
b. Can you can a can as a canner can can a can?
你能够像罐头工人一样装罐头吗?
3.引入课题
T：Let’s have are rest, enjoy a song, please. Guess the name.
Happy New Year!
让学生通过猜歌名直接引出课题。
T：We know Chinese New year is coming soon.
Let’s learn ‘Unit 8 Happy New Year!’。
教师出示课题：Unit 8 Happy New Year!
全班读课题。
4.教授单词a doll ,a CD, a car，a ball
T: On New Year Day, what can we get from our relatives?(教师解释)
Ss: Red packet(学生一年级学过)，gifts(提醒学生复数)。
T:Yes. We can get red packets and gifts.
I have some gifts here. Can you read them?
PPT出示：a flower,a chocolate,a red packet
a doll ,a CD, a car(有学生会说toy car)，a ball.
说到ball的时候，T(教师出示足球)：Boys and girls, look.I have a ball. It’s a …
Ss:It’s a football.(一年级学过)
T：Can you play football?
S: Yes, I can./No, I can’t.
出示书本四个单词和图片：a doll ,a CD, a car，a ball，学生拼读。
T：What’s this?
S: It’s a …
5.教授句型：This is for you.
当学生说得好的时候，教师给与贴纸奖励。当教师给奖励的时候，说Here you are.,提示学生回答Thank you.
PPT: Here you are.
Thank you.
让学生先复习学过的内容，再引出下面的教学内容
T:I also can say ‘ This is for you.’
出示句子：This is for you.
教读句子：教师领读，学生跟读。
T：You can answer me ‘Thank you!’。
示范练习：
This is for you
Thank you.
6.Story time 教学
a.Story time 理解
T：We know Chinese New Year is coming soon.
Helen and Mike are ready for new year.
Who gives Helen and Mike gifts? Let’s enjoy the story now.
看卡通片
教学：Uncle John
这两个单词都学过，所以学生比较好掌握。
Helen’s gift: a doll
Mike’s gift: a ball
Tim’s gift: a robot
教授单词：robot
分图理解：
Task 1 :How to greet on New Year’s Day?
Happy New Year!
If someone says it to you,you should be polite.You can say ‘Happy New year’to him.
Task 2 :When you give the gifts ,you should say:
This is for you./It’s for you.
Task 3: When you don’t know the things’ name,you can ask:
What’s this/that?
Answer:It’s a …
讲解this和that的区别：
this 说话内容离说话人近
that说话内容离说话人远
示范：This is __. That is __.
b. Read Story time
(1)注意语音语调，播放录音，学生跟读
(2)角色扮演
Step 3 Consolidation
1.Fun time
复习What’s this/that?
It’s a …
This is for you./It’s for you.
Thank you.
a.活动：教师出示布袋：装有上述的一些东西和其他学过的可以作为礼物的物品。全班问，让一个同学摸，答对的可以得到奖励。
b.Take out a paper,try to draw pictures on the paper.Guess ‘What’s this/that?’。
2.课外知识拓展
中西方新年差异
Western countries’New Year’Day : the first of January.The children can get gifts.
Chinese New Year: Spring Festival. It always comes in February. The children can get red packet.
Open the gifts:
Western countries:You should open the gifts at once.And you should praise .
China:It’s not polite to open the gifts at once.
The same: You should say ‘Thank you.’。
Step 4 Homework
Copy the new words 4 times.
Recite Story time after class.
3. Try to make a gift as a New Year present,give it to your father and mother.
板书设计：
Unit 8 Happy New Year!
What’s this? It’s a … a doll a ball a car
What’s that? a CD a robot
This is for you. Thank you.
Unit 1
He’s a doctor.Teaching Aims: Review the sentence pattern “This is my…”
Review the words: grandpa, grandma, friend, father, mother, brother, sister.Learn to say “He’s / she’s… He’s / she’s a ….” Importance and Difficulties: Distinguish “He’s …” from “She’s …” Students Analysis: “He’s / She’s …” are not difficult in their pronunciation, do more exercises to differ them from each will enough.Teaching Aids: Tape recorder
tape
a doll
Cards
head ornaments
Teaching Procedures: Step 1: Warming up Sing to greeting.Review colors: Show color cards and ask the Ss “What color?”
Review some words: Show some cards and ask the Ss “What’s this?” Let’s count.(From one to twelve.)Step 2: Revision Teacher shows cards and Ss look and say “Father….” Sticker these cards on the blackboard and read after T.Read the words group by group.Ss say: “This is my father….”
Ss review to say: “This is my school bag….” Learn the word “friend.” Read after teacher.Learn to say “This is my friend.” Step 3: Presentation Teacher points to several Ss and says “She’s … / He’s …” Explain with gestures.Write “She’s …” and “He’s…” on the blackboard.Read the sentence pattern.T shows some head ornaments, Ss look and try to say “She’s Lingling.He’s Daming….” Read “She’s Lingling.He’s Daming.…” after T.Ask some Ss to go to the front and stand in a line.Ss look and say “She’s…” / “He’s…” Step 4: Consolidation Teacher makes a model.Ss try to introduce his friend like “She’s… / He’s …”.Teacher points and says “She’s a pupil.” Or “He’s a pupil.” Ss learn to say.Teaching Notes:
Module 1:
Unit 2
She’s a nurse.Teaching Aims: 1.Review the points of the module.2.Learn to introduce a people like “She’s…/ She’s a nurse.” 3.Do the exercises of the module.Importance and Difficulties: He’s / She’s a pupil.Words: doctor, pupil, teacher.The exercises of the module.Students Analysis: We have learnt many words in the module: father, mother, brother, sister, grandpa, grandma, friend, pupil, doctor and so on, so it is necessary to review them in today’s lesson, and put the words in the sentence patterns: This is my…/ He’s/she’s…
Teaching Aids: Tape recorder a big pencil
a doll
Cards
head ornaments
Teaching Procedures:
Step 1: Warming up Sing to say hello.Review the chant: Where’s the pencil? Ss say the chant together.Put a pencil in different place, Ss look and answer teacher’s question “Where’s the pencil?”
Put a school bag on the desk, ask “Where’s the school bag?” Ss answer.Put a big pencil in / on / under the school bag, Ss look and say its location.Step 2: Revision Review the sentence “Look at the tree.” And “Look at the window….”
Review the sentence “So many birds.” And the sentence pattern “So many…” Review to say “Let’s count.” Count from one to twelve.Look the cards and answer “Father / mother / …” quickly.Introduce those cards like “This is my brother./ …” Look and say “This is my pencil….” Review the chant:
She, she, she.She’s Amy.3 He, he, he.He’s Daming.Read the chant after T.Say your classmates’ name.(She’s… / He’s …)Step 3: Presentation Teacher points several Ss and says “She’s a pupil./ He’s a pupil.” Learn the word “pupil.” Ss read the word.Some Ss stand up, the others look and say “She’s a pupil./ He’s a pupil.” Look at the head ornaments and say “She’s a pupil./ He’s a pupil.” Teacher shows the card and says “He’s a doctor.” Learn the word “doctor.” Step 4: Do the exercises Activity book: Exercise 2 on page 7
Exercise 3 on page 9
Teaching Notes:
Module2:
Unit 1
Where’s the bird? Period 1 Teaching Aims: Understand the meaning of the text.Review the sentence pattern “A cat is in the box./ Where’s my pen?” Describe the location like “It’s in / on/ under..” Importance and Difficulties: The sentence pattern: “A cat is in the box.” Try to ask: “Where’s the orange cat?”
Students Analysis:
We have learnt the pattern “Where’s the…?”last week, so it is a consolidation of last period, just add some new points: Where’s the orange cat?
Teaching Aids: Tape recorder
tape
a doll Pictures
Cards
Teaching Procedures:
Step 1: Warming up Greeting to Ss with a song.A TPR game: Listen and do.T: “Stand up!Sit down!Open your book!Point to the window.Point to the door….” Step 2: Revision Show four cards.T: “What’s this?” / “This is …” Read the four words in high and low voice.Read fast.T: “If you know, please stand up and read it fast.” Show the wall chart.Describe the location of the pen or the cat in the wall chart.Step 3: Presentation T points to the wall chart and asks: “Where’s the pen?” Ss answer: “It’s …” Write the two sentences on the blackboard: Where’s the pen? It’s in the hat.Read them after T in correct pronunciation and intonation.Ask several Ss to repeat.5 Read group by group.Step 4: Practice Ss ask T: “Where’s the pen?” T answer.Group 1 ask, group 2 answer from teacher’s points.Change.Group 2 ask and group 1 answer.Practice with your partner.Show some dialogues.Step 5: Presentation T draws 3 pictures on the blackboard: A red pen is in the hat.A green pen is on the hat.A yellow pen in under the hat.T asks: “Where’s the green pen?”….Ss answer.Write the 2 sentences on the blackboard.Read after T.Ask several Ss repeat it.Read group by group.Step 6: Practice T points to the picture, Ss ask: “Where’s the yellow pen?”… T answer.Group 1 ask and group 2 answer, then change.Practice with partner.Show your dialogue.Step 7: Consolidation A game: Look and guess.“Please look at my mouth, and guess the sentence.”
Teaching Notes
Module3:
Unit1 Where is the orange cat? Teaching Aims: 1.Review the sentence pattern “Where’s the orange cat?”
2.Learn to guess the location of object with “Is it under/ in / on…?” Notes: Importance and Difficulties: Use the sentence: “Is it under / in / on the bed?” to ask the location.Students Analysis: It is not easy for the kids to use the sentence: “Is it under / in / on the bed?” to ask the location.Use the same thing to change its location each time will easier to the kids.Teaching Aids: Tape recorder tape a doll book
Cards school bag
box
pen
Teaching Procedures:
Step 1: Warming up Sing a hello song to greet with each other.Play a guessing game.“Please look at my gestures, and then guess the animal I mime.” Step 2: Revision Answer teacher’s question accord to the card.“What’s this?” / “Is it a monster?”
Read the four words: doll, bear, bed, and balloon.A game: I hide, you guess.“Look, I hide a card;please guess what the card is.” Look and answer.(Teacher put some stationery, and asks the location.)Write the four sentences on the blackboard: Where’s the cat?
It’s in the box.Where’s the orange cat?
It’s under the box.Read after teacher and correct their pronunciation and intonation.Ask several students read them.7 Read the four sentences group by group.Step 3: Presentation and practice Teacher hides a school bag, a book, and a box under the table.Then put a pen in one of them.(in the school bag, on the box, or under the book…)Ss try to guess the location of the pen.“Is it …?” Write the two sentences on the blackboard: Is it under the bed?
Yes, it is.Read after teacher.Ask several students read it.Read fast group by group.Continue to play the game.Step 4: Consolidation Read the 4 sentences after teacher again.Play a game: Hear and read fast.(Listen to teacher’s sentence, and then read it fast group by group.)Step 5: Ending
Summarize the class.Sing and say goodbye.Teaching Notes:
Module3:
Unit2
How many green birds? Teaching Aims: Learn the numbers: 11 and 12.Understand the sentences “Look at the tree.” “So many birds!” and “Let’s count.” Importance and Difficulties: The pronunciation of “eleven and twelve”.The sentence “Look at the tree.”
Students Analysis: In fact, most students have learnt the words: eleven and twelve already, but most of them didn’t catch the right pronunciation of the sound /v/, pay more attention here in class.Teaching Aids: Tape recorder
tape
a doll
Cards
Teaching Procedures:
Step 1: Warming up Sing and say hello.Review the chant.Read the chant together with gestures.Review the four words: balloon, bed, bear, and doll.(A game: T writes the four words on the blackboard, and then read three of them;Ss say the word T doesn’t read.)Step 2: Presentation and practice A game: Listen and do.(T: “Point to the ceiling.Point to the window.Stand up!Open your book.Sit down!Close your book.Look at the door.”)
T makes gesture to explain the sentence “Look at the door.” Continue to play the game.(Look at the teacher.Look at the ceiling.Look at the floor.Look at the window….)T shows several cards and asks “What’s this?”(tree)Teach the new word “tree”.Read and mime a tree.T: “Look at the tree.” Get the Ss to look at the tree card.9 Write the sentence “Look at the tree.” On the blackboard.Read and make gestures.Stick the wall chart on the blackboard.Get the Ss to look at the big tree.T: “Look at the tree.So many birds!”
Make gesture to explain the phrase “so many…”.Write “So many birds!” on the blackboard.Read after T and then read together.T: “Oh, how many birds? Let’s count.” Teach “Let’s count.”
Write it on the blackboard.Read and correct their pronunciation.Count the birds in the tree together.“OK, now, let’s count, how many birds? One, two, and three…” Teach the number eleven and twelve.T: “How many birds?” Ss: “Twelve birds.” Step 3: Consolidation Read the sentence on the blackboard again.Fast reaction: Listen to teacher’s sentence and repeat it fast group by group Teaching Notes:
Module 4:
Unit 1
This is my head.Teaching Aims: 1.Understand the meaning of the module.2.Learn the three new words: head, mouth, eye.3.Can survey like: This is my head / mouth / …
Importance and Difficulties: 1.The pronunciation of “mouth”.2.Do the survey.Students Analysis: This module is funny, the kids like to show their body.The problem is the three words’ pronunciation, like /e/, /ai/ and “th”.Practice more here.Teaching Aids: Tape recorder
tapes
cards CD-ROM
Teaching Procedures:
Step 1: Warming up Sing to greeting each other.Sing a song.Step 2: Revision Review some words: Bus, doctor, dress, nurse, driver, coat A game: I do, you say.Read them fast.Review to say: “She’s / He’s ….” Review to say: “This is his / her….” Step 3: Presentation T shows a picture of a head.T asks: “What’s this?” Ss try to answer.(a head)
Learn to say “head”.Point your head and read “head” in a little game.Read head in a chant.Learn to say “This is my head.”
Learn the word “mouth” and “eye” in the same way.Learn to say “This is my mouth / eye.” Step 3: Practice Read the 3 words again.Fast reaction: I say, you point.I point, you say.T points, Ss say “This is my head/…” Step 5: Consolidation Get the Ss to say “This is my pencil./ …”
Listen to the tape and try to understand the text.Read the text after the tape-recorder.Teaching Notes:
Module 4:
Unit 2
These are your legs.Period 1 Teaching Aims: Understand and try to say the sentence: “These are…” Review the words and learn a new body word: leg.3.Learn a song: Heads, shoulders.Importance and Difficulties: 1.The pronunciation of the sentence: “These are…” 2.The English song: Heads, shoulders.Students Analysis: “These are …” is a difficult point to the kids, make simples first and then let them find the order of “these are +-s”, it will be a great help.Teaching Aids: Tape recorder
tapes
cards stationery
Teaching Procedures:
Step 1: Warming up Greeting each other.Words game: Ask and answer.Review to say “This is his / her….” Step 2: Revision Review these body words in a game: ask and answer.Review to survey “This is my / your….” Step 3: Presentation T points to an eye and asks: What’s this? Ss: This is an eye.T points to the other eye and asks: What’s this? Ss: This is an eye.T asks: How many eyes do you have? Ss: Two eyes.T points to her eyes and say “These are my eyes.”
Ss learn to say “These are my eyes.” Ss say the sentence one by one.Write the sentence on the blackboard.T points to her legs and says “These are my legs.” Ss point to their legs and say “These are my legs.” Ss learn to say the word “leg”.T point to ears, Ss look and say “These are my ears.” Step 4: Practice A game: T point, Ss look and say: This is my head./ These are my eyes...T shows a pencil to Ss, Ss: This is a pencil.T shows 4 pencils to Ss, Ss: These are pencils.T shows more stationery and asks Ss: What’s this? / What are these? A game: I show, you say.I say, you show.Step 5: Learn the song CD-ROM: Listen to the song
Module 5:
Unit 1
They’re cows.Period 1 Teaching Aims: 1.Understand the meaning of the module.2.Learn four new words: cow, pig, chicken and egg.3.Understand “What are they? They are …”
Importance and Difficulties: 1.Try to speak “What are they? They are…”
2.The pronunciation of the words: chicken and egg.Students Analysis: Animals always the children’s favorite, but today’s animals are not easy to catch.We can make the words into some chant, so that it will be easier to catch them.Teaching Aids: Tape recorder
tapes
cards CD-ROM
pictures
wall chart
Teaching Procedures:
Step 1: Warming up Sing the song
T shows some stationery, Ss look and say “This is a pencil…./ These are erasers….” Step 3: Presentation Turn to page 18.Observe the pictures and listen to teacher.Get the Ss to understand the text.Learn the word “cow”:
A.Observe picture 2.B.Learn the new word “cow”.C.Get the Ss count “How many cows?”
D.Learn to say “They are cows.”
E.Say it group by group.F.T asks: What are they? Ss answer.G.Learn to say “What are they?”
H.Say it one bye one.Learn the other new words: pig, chicken, egg.Picture 3: pig---pigs Picture 4: chi ken---chickens Picture 5: egg---eggs Word games: A.Chant
B.Left and right Step 4: Practice Page 19: activity 2.Read after T.Read group by group.Read the conversation one by one.Blackboardwriting:
Teaching Notes:
Module 5:
Unit 2
It’s thin.Period 1 Teaching Aims: Learn the new words.Understand the text.Importance and Difficulties: The new word “thin”.The meaning of the text
Students Analysis: The text is not easy to the kids, actually they cannot express their meaning like this, today’s key points is learn to describe the things, like “It’s thin/ fat/ little/ pink” etc.Teaching Aids: Tape recorder
tapes
cards stationery
Teaching Procedures:
Step 1: Warming up Sing to greeting.Sing a song.Step 2: Revision Words chant: Ask and answer chant Watch the CAI and review the sentence patterns: What are they? They are cows.Game: T imitates the animal’s voice;Ss guess “What are they?” Step 3: Presentation Observe the wall chart of the text.Learn to say: mother pig, father pig … Watch the card and learn to say “baby pig”.Look at the father pig and learn the new word: fat.Look at the mother pig and learn the new word: thin.Count: How many baby pigs? Six.17 Look at the baby pigs and learn the new words: big, little Read those words and do the actions after T.Watch the card and learn the new word “pink”.Step 3: Practice Review the colors.T points, Ss read the words.T says the word, Ss do the actions.T do the actions, Ss says the word.Words chant.Watch the pictures and say: This is a panda.It’s fat.This is a monkey.It’s thin.This is a baby pig.It’s little.This is a father pig.It’s big.Blackboardwriting:
Teaching Notes:
Module 6:
Unit 1
These snacks are short.Period 1 Teaching Aims: 1.Understand the meaning of the module.2.Learn four animal words: snake, giraffe, elephant, lion 3.Try to understand and learn “long, short, tall, and short”.Importance and Difficulties: Understand the 2 meaning of the word “short”.The pronunciation of “giraffe”.Students Analysis: The four animal words“snake, giraffe, elephant, lion” is not popular as “dog、cat、fish and fish”, there will be more time to read them out.Especially the pronunciation of “giraffe and elephant”.Teaching Aids: Tape recorder
tapes
cards CD-ROM
pictures
wall chart
Teaching Procedures:
Step 1: Warming up Greeting each other.Review: cow, pig, chicken, egg Step 2: Revision Review “They’re …”
Read activity 2 on page 19.Express time: Describe the picture on page 20.(The pig’s family)
(The chicken’s family)Step 3: Presentation Lingling and Amy went to the zoo today.Learn the word: zoo
Learn to say: Let’s go to the zoo.Observe picture one and find the animal.Learn the new word: snake Read the word after T and correct Ss’ pronunciation.Read the word in a little game: High and low voice Learn the new words “giraffe, elephant, lion” in the same way.Game: Fast reaction Game: I say, you do./ I do, you say.Point and say: They’re snakes.…
Look at the picture and try to understand “long, short, tall”.Read those words.Game: I do, you say.T do the actions, Ss say the word.Step 4: Ending Read all the words together.Sing to say goodbye.Blackboardwriting:
Teaching Notes:
Module 6:
Unit 2
They’re little and cute.Period 1 Teaching Aims: Learn the new words “cute” and “scary”.Try to say: The baby lions are cute.The mother lion isn’t cute.It’s scary.Importance and Difficulties: 1.Try to introduce the lion’s family.2.The pronunciation of “isn’t”.Students Analysis: “Cute and scary” are adjective verbs.We can understand their meanings by our activities easily.The difficult point is their pronunciations.Teaching Aids: Tape recorder
tapes
cards stationery
Teaching Procedures:
Step 1: Warming up Sing to greeting each other.Words game: Ask and answer chant Step 2: Presentation T: Amy and Lingling went to the zoo.They are watching the lions.Learn to express: baby lion Count: “How many baby lions?”
Write “The baby lions ” on the blackboard.Read after T.Observe the baby lions and learn the new word: cute.Learn to say: “The baby lions are cute.” Read row by row.21 Observe the mother lion and learn the new word: scary.Learn to say: “The mother lion isn’t cute.It’s scary.” Correct the pronunciation of “isn’t”.Read the sentence team by team.Step 3: Practice Text: Listen to the tape.Understand the meaning of the text.Try to read the text.Read the text after T sentence by sentence.Read the text by themselves.Page 24: Activity 2 Look and say.Blackboard-writing:
Teaching Notes:
第三册Module7 Unit1 There is a cat in this tree.一、教材分析：
本单元是《新标准英语》（三年级起点）第三册第模块第一单元的内容，根据《小学英语新课程标准》提出的目标，其中一个非常重要的目标就是要激发学生学习英语的兴趣，培养他们学习英语的积极态度，使他们初步建立学习英语的自信心，使他们初步具备用英语进行简单日常交流的能力。
二、学生分析：
四年级学生已经接触了一年的英语，大部分学生对英语仍有着浓厚的兴趣，为以后延续这个兴趣建立基础，所以就要让他们积极主动的参与到英语的学习中，通过借助多媒体等多种激励方式,激发学生积极参与,大胆实践,体验成功的喜悦，有了成就感有了信心,就能够更好的展示自己.三、教学目标与要求
语言知识目标：全体学生会运用there is,horse.、语言技能目标：全体学生能认读there is,horse.全体学生能说There is a girl in this photo.She’s riding a horse.I can’t see her face.情感态度价值观：通过体验There is 的重音，初步感知中外文化异同。并调动学生积极参与各种课堂教学活动。
四、教学重点与难点
1、重点：初步熟悉句型：There is …
2、难点：课文中大量语句的阅读。
五、教学过程
I．Warm-up 利用课前1分钟，跟学生Free talk.能说出带ing的动词词组。“木头人”游戏用来复习现在进行时句型。选择一名同学躲在讲台桌后，让他做出五个词组的动作，然后，我说：“Freeze！”他就定格好某一个动作。全班同学齐问他：What are you doing？我则让同学们来猜
3.听音找词。通过这个环节，让学生自己来找出老师读到的单词或者词组。生词老师会用字母拼出来，让学生初步认识单词，只要求学生会跟读。词组是学过的，老师会直接读出来。让学生找出来，并做出相应动作。看谁速度快！II.Presentation 1.播放活动一的录音，让学生跟着节奏跟读。你能说出你听到的那些单词吗？ 2.播放活动二的视频，请学生认真看。试着理解课文内容。问学生What are Sam,Amy and Daming doing? 3.师说There are so many photos in ActivityTwo.Let’s see what are in these photos?请学生带着问题再次听录音，同时圈出There is…并试着找出问题的答案。4.播放视频，请学生模仿跟读。
III.Consolidation：
1.自己画一幅某人正在做某事的图片，用There is….和正在进行时进行描述。There is a boy in this photo.He’s swimming.2.Homework：
回家后找一些你家中比较有特点的照片，试着用There is…in this photo.He’s ….进行描述。下节课把那些照片带过来，跟大家分享一下吧！板书设计：
Module7 Unit1 There is a horse in this photo.reading a book
riding a bike
There is _________in this photo.swimming
It’s
playing football
He’s
______________.drinking milk
She’s
Module 8 Unit1 There’s a pair of shorts under that duck.教学目标
1、Knowledge of the language(语言知识与能力目标)a.’s a pair of shorts under that duck.b.a pair of, shorts,shirt.2、Emotion attitude（情感目标）
教学重点难点
There’s a pair of shorts under that duck.教学过程设计
A、Warming up.(热身)a.Greeting—Sing the song<> b.展示活动1的挂图，问学生小狗在干什么？ B．Presentation and Practice(新知呈现与操练)
课文学习
1.展示活动2的挂图，先请学生看图，看是否能尝试用“There be ”描述图片内容。2.教师播放录音和动画，请学生边看动画或边听录音便看图，告诉学生听完后回答下面的问题：Daming的鞋子到哪去了呢？（被鸭子穿走了。）3.再次播放动画或录音，请学生逐句跟读。要引导学生注意到指示牌“Beach Pool”,即海滩泳池，教师要给学生解释：“这里是允许游泳的海滩，因为这里有安全措施。
4.这里的“a pair of,over there“都只能要求学生理解。5.最后播放录音，请学生完整跟读。训练巩固
1.完成活动3，教师播放录音，请学生跟读。
2.完成活动4，学生看图，理解活动要求。然后两人一组进行练习。家庭作业
听本单元录音，注意模仿语音语调。
Module 8 Unit2 There are two footballs under my desk.教学目标
1、Knowledge of the language(语言知识与能力目标)a.’s a pair of shorts under that duck.b.a pair of, shorts,shirt.2、Emotion attitude（情感目标）
教学重点难点
There’s a pair of shorts under that duck.教学过程设计
A、Warming up.(热身)a.Greeting—Sing the song<> b.展示活动1的挂图，问学生小狗在干什么？ B．Presentation and Practice(新知呈现与操练)
课文学习
1.展示活动2的挂图，先请学生看图，看是否能尝试用“There be ”描述图片内容。2.教师播放录音和动画，请学生边看动画或边听录音便看图，告诉学生听完后回答下面的问题：Daming的鞋子到哪去了呢？（被鸭子穿走了。）3.再次播放动画或录音，请学生逐句跟读。要引导学生注意到指示牌“Beach Pool”,即海滩泳池，教师要给学生解释：“这里是允许游泳的海滩，因为这里有安全措施。
4.这里的“a pair of,over there“都只能要求学生理解。5.最后播放录音，请学生完整跟读。训练巩固
1.完成活动3，教师播放录音，请学生跟读。
2.完成活动4，学生看图，理解活动要求。然后两人一组进行练习。
Step1 : Chant Tiger, tiger ,big big tiger Snake, snake, short short snake Elephant, elephant, long nose elephant Giraffe, giraffe, tall tall giraffe These ____are ___.Step 2 闯关游戏：
拯救美亚公主 Animals are our friends.(动物是我们的朋友)Love animals（爱护动物）Protect animals（保护动物）Are they long? Yes, they are.These snakes are short.These snakes are long.The giraffes are tall.I am short.The elephants are very big.Thank you!I’m Mei Ya(美亚公主).* Kerry How many animals can you see? How many animals can you see? How many ping-pong balls in the classroom? How many footballs in the classroom? How may basketballs in the classroom?
Step3: watch and answer: listen the passage and number the pictures 听录音，给下面的课文图片排序号。
Step4: listen and number: 1 2 3 4 Look at the pictures carefully and finish the sentences.同学们请认真看图来完成对话吧！
Step 5:look and say: Lingling, there’s a basketball under my chair.Oh no!Sorry There are two footballs under my desk.Oh, there are two footballs under my desk.Lingling, there are five ping-pong balls here.Oh, it’s Daming.Ha ha….Let’s read passage and repeat.孩子们让我们来跟读吧！
Step6: Let’s read the passage one by one.孩子们，我们来玩排火车读课文嘞！show time Look at the pictures carefully and finish the sentences.同学们请认真看图来完成对话吧！
Step7: look and say: These ____are ___.pencils pencils short long These girls are tall.These girls are short.These pencils are short.These pencils are long.These trees are short.These trees are tall.The tigers are big.The cats are small.勇敢的小朋友们,我们美丽的可爱的美亚小公主正被恶毒的魔王困在阴森的城堡万神殿里,希望聪明,机智, 勇敢,有爱心的你帮帮她吧!时间紧迫，赶快行动吧!第一关 Ｈi，欢迎你来到我神秘的黄金宫殿，我是殿神－－阿比西，想营救公主，先要过我这一个关，想打败我们，那就看看你能不能采集到8朵血木菊。Who can read? 谁会读？ snake elephant giraffe tiger Who can read? 谁会读？ long tall small short 第二关 Ｈi，欢迎你来到我神秘的白金，我是殿神－－古拉齐，想营救公主，看看你的本领,能否说出每组不同类的单词．赢得3朵血木菊。elephant snake zoo long giraffe short they he she 第一关 第三关 Ｈi，欢迎你来到我神秘的紫铜宫，我是殿神－－克里司，想营救公主，还要过我这一个关，想打败我们，那就看看你能不能采到这7朵毒玫瑰。* 家庭作业
听本单元录音，注意模仿语音语调。
Module9:
Unit 1
I like football.Period 1 Teaching Aims: 1.Understand the meaning of the module.2.Learn to use the sentence patterns “I like…” and “We like…”
Importance and Difficulties: Distinguish “I” and “we”.Use “I like…” and “We like…” in daily life.Students Analysis: I have mentioned “I like ×××” many times in the past periods, so it’s not a difficult thing for them to express “I like…”(just chance the names to things is ok.)In this period we should distinguish “I & We”, make gestures can do it.Teaching Aids: Tape recorder
tapes
cards pictures
wall chart
Teaching Procedures:
Step 1: Warming up Greeting each other.Revision:
a.The words of animals.b.The sentence pattern: Let’s…
(Pay more attention on “Let’s sing.” And “Let’s dance.”)Step 2: Presentation T makes some gestures and say: “I like football.” Ss guess the meaning of the sentence.Write the sentence on the blackboard and read.Learn to express “I like…”(Sports)Learn to express “I like…”(Color)Express: I like…(animals)
Tell “I like…” to your classmates.T makes some gestures and say: “We like football.” Ss guess the meaning of the sentence.Write the sentence on the blackboard and read.Learn to express “We like…”(Sports)Learn to express “We like…”(Color)Express: We like…(animals)
Tell “We like…” to your classmates.Tell the story of the text, and ask them retell it.Step 3: Practice Find “I like …” and “We like…” in the text.Read these sentences.Say and do after T: I like… We like… Fast reaction.Game: Look T’s gestures and say the sentences Page 31: Activity three
(Look at the pictures and say sentences.)Blackboard-writing:
Teaching Notes:
Module9:
Unit 2
What’s your favorite sport? Period 1 Teaching Aims: 1.Learn to say “sport, colour, and animal.”
2.Understand the sentence “What’s your favourite sport?” then try to speak it out.Importance and Difficulties: The pronunciation of “favourite”.Can answer the question: What’s your favourite sport?
Students Analysis: After learning: I/ We/ They like…, today’s task is asking one’s hobby: What’s your favourite sport? And we can chance the “sport” into colour/ animal and so on.Teaching Aids: Tape recorder
tapes
cards
Teaching Procedures:
Step 1: Warming up Sing to greeting.Step 2: Revision 1.Review these sentence patterns: I like football.We like football.They like football.2.CAI: Show some pictures, Ss look and say.3.Page 31: Activity two: Reading.4.Game: Gestures and sentences.Step 3: Presentation Game: Guessing Review some colors.Learn to say the word: color Review some animals.Learn to say the word: animal Review some sports.30 Learn to say the word: sport Game: Who’s calling me?
Read the 3 new words again row by row.T: “What’s your favorite sport?” Make the Ss understand it.Write it on the blackboard.Learn to read it.Correct the pronunciation of the word “favorite”.Say the sentence one by one.Blackboard-writing:
Teaching Notes:
Module 10:
Unit 1
Let’s play football!Period 1 Teaching Aims: 1.Understand the meaning of the module.2.Learn to say the phrases: play football / basketball / ping-pong/ go swimming 3.Can say the right phrase according to the actions or pictures.Importance and Difficulties: The pronunciation of “ basketball”.Students Analysis: Even though sports are the first time we meet, the kids are familiar the sports name, such as: football, ping-pong and so on.Except learn to say the sports name, I should also tell them: do more exercises after class!Have a good healthy is the most important thing in everyone’s life!
Teaching Aids: Tape recorder
tapes
cards pictures
wall chart
Teaching Procedures: Step 1: Warming up Sing to greeting each other.Words chant: fat, thin, big, little, long, short, tall… animal words Step 2: Presentation T: Today, Sam and Daming have some sports.Show the wall chart.Observe picture one and learn the new word: football Introduce them some message about football.Write the word on the blackboard.Read after T.Game: High and low voice Learn the new word “basketball” in the same way.Game: T points, Ss read.(group by group)Learn the new word “ping-pong” and “swimming” in the same way.32 Step 3: Practice Look the teacher’s gestures and guess the meaning of “play”.Learn the new word: play.Little game: Bomb Learn to say: play football / basketball / ping-pong Look at the picture and learn to say “go swimming”.Read and do the actions.Game: I say, you do./ I do, you say.Page 27: activity 3
(Read the words)
(Look the picture and say the phrase.)Blackboardwriting:
Teaching Notes:
Module 10:
Unit 2
Let’s sing!Teaching Aims: Review the sports.Learn to say “sing” and “dance”.Importance and Difficulties: The pronunciation of “tired.” Use “Let’s sing/ dance” freely.Students Analysis: We have two different sounds of “dance”, the American sound and the English sound, we choose the one which is in our tapes.And I also will let them know the differences of the word “dance”.Teaching Aids: Tape recorder
tapes
cards
Teaching Procedures:
Step 1: Warming up Step 2: Revision 1.Show them some animal cards and ask: “What are they?” “They’re…” 2.Show them the balls, ask: “What’s this? This is …” 3.Stick the pictures of balls on the blackboard.4.T points, Ss read the words group by group.5.T does the actions, Ss look and say the phrase group by group.6.Review to say the whole sentence “Let’s play….” 7.Open the books, read the text on page 26.8.Read the activity 2 on page 27.9.Activity 3 on page 27: Listen to the teacher’s words, and number the pictures.10.Point and say: “Let’s play…./ Let’s go…” Step 3: Presentation 1.T: “Let’s play football.No, I’m hot.”
2.Review to say “No, I’m hot.” 3.Learn to say “No, I’m tired.” 4.Read row by row.5.T shows a picture and teaches the new word “sing.” 6.Get the Ss say: Let’s sing.7.Makes a gesture, and learn to say: “Let’s dance.”
8.Write the sentence on the blackboard: Let’s sing and dance.9.Read after T.Step 4: Practice 1.Turn to page 28, try to read the text.2.Read the text after T.3.Page 29: Chant.(Look and say.)
(Read and chant.)Blackboard-writing:
module1题目jobs（职业）
题材（主要）内容Lingling把奶奶和爷爷的照片拿给Sam和Amy看，并介绍他们以前的职业。
教学目标语言知识目标功能谈论职业，比较过去与现在。语法
（句
子
结
构）Shewasadriverbefore.whatmusicdidheplay?Heplayedchinesemusic.Heworkedinanoffice.语言技能目标词汇听说读写drove,flute,player,office,parent
听
说
读factory,shop,hospital听说听句子能够听说认读和默写下列
句
子
：Shewasadriverbefore.whatdidshedrive?Shedroveabus.Hewasafluteplayerbefore.whatmusicdidheplay?Heplayedchinesemusic.能够仿说和运用下列句子：whatwasshe/hebefore?She/Hewas
„whatdidshe/hedo?She/He„whatisshe/henow?She/Heis„whatdoesshe/hedo?She/Hework?She/Heworkedin
„
„
wheredidwheredo/does
„„work?Theyworkin....She/Heworksin„学习策略对所学内容能主动练习和实践，在词语与相应事物之间建立联想。文化意识让学生简单了解英美国家的职业情况。情感态度培养学生学习英语的兴趣，使其感受在快乐中学习英语的情感体验。任务1.向同学介绍自己祖父母以前的工作情况；2.请同学看自己父母年轻时的照片并谈论工作的变化情况；3.调查同学父母或叔叔阿姨工作的变化情况并制作学习统计表，可填写到调查表格中去。module2题目EnglishFood（英国食物）
题材（主要）内容Daming向Fanfan描述自己收到的Lingling的电子邮件：Lingling昨天三餐的情况。Lingling喜欢英国食物，觉得它们与中国食物很不同。教学目标语言知识目标功能描述饮食习惯。语法（句子结构）一般过去式的特殊疑问句：whatdidshehavefor„?Shehad„语言技能目标词
汇
听
说
读
写email,sausage,sandwich,delicious,breakfast,dinner,lunch听说读fishandchips,traditional,together听说听句子能够听说认读和默写下列句子：whatdidshehaveforbreakfast?Shehadeggsandsausages.Andwhatdidshehavefordinner?Shehadfishandchips.能够仿说和运用下列句子：„isusuallyat„whattimedoes„have„?„has„at„whatdoes„have„for„?
„has„学习策略积极与他人合作，共同完成学习任务；主动向老师或同学请教；对所学内容能主动练习和实践文化意识学生简单了解英式食物及饮食习惯。情感态度培养学生学习英语的兴趣，使其感受在快乐中学习英语的情感体验；乐于模仿，敢于开口，积极参与，主动请教。任务1.向他人询问一天的用餐情况；2.对比描述中国人和英国人过去用餐情况的不同之处；3.向父母或朋友介绍英国人的用餐情况等；4.玩采访游戏，制作健康菜单。module3题目Library（图书馆）
题材（主要）内容Lingling和Amy去图书馆借《哈里·波特》的资料，图书管理员告诉他们没有《哈里·波特》的录影带，只有书。两人借了好多，因为《哈里·波特》是她们最喜欢的小说。在登记时，图书管理员提醒她们归还的期限是两星期。教学目标语言知识目标功能在图书馆里借书。询问某事，查询资料。语法（句子结构）Haveyougot„?yes,wehave.No,wehaven’t.wehavegot„wehaven’tgotthe„语言技能目标词汇听说读写return,borrow听说读video,library,librarian听说HarryPotter听句子
能够听说认读和默写下列句子：Haveyougot„?yes,wehave.No,wehaven’t.wehavegot„Sorry,wehaven’tgotthe„能够仿说和运用下列句子：youcan„youcan’t„学习策略积极与他人合作，共同完成学习任务；主动向老师或同学请教；对所学内容能主动练习和实践。文化意识向学生简单介绍英国的博物馆。情感态度培养学生学习英语的兴趣，乐于模仿，敢于开口，积极参与，主动请教。任务1.情景模拟：去图书馆查找书目；2.情景模拟：去书店购书；3.成立班级图书馆，争当图书管理员，制作图书卡，编排英语情景剧；4.调查同学们都有哪些书。module4题目Presents（礼物）
题材（主要）内容奶奶打电话询问Daming是否收到了自己寄给他的数学游戏、巧克力、英文书等。并要Daming这个夏天到美国去。教学目标语言知识目标功能赠送和接受礼物。语法（句子结构）一般过去式的问与答：Isentyoua„Didyouget„?语言技能目标词汇听说读写fine,sent,get,chocolate,season,spring,summer,autumn,winter听
说
读
sandals,gloves
听
说wood,temperature,breeze,low听句子能够听说认读和默写下列
句
子
：Isentyouamathsgame.Didyougetit?IsentyouEnglishbooks.Didyoureadthem?I’vegotsome„Iread/„lastweek.能够仿说和运
用
下
列
句
子
：
what
’syourfavouriteseason?myfavouriteseasonis„/Ilove„whatcanyoudoinspring/summer/autumn/winter?学习策略积极与他人合作，共同完成学习任务；主动向老师或同学请教；对所学内容能主动练习和实践文化意识使学生简单了解英国的天气与季节。情感态度培养学生学习英语的兴趣，乐于模仿，敢于开口，积极参与，主动请教。任务1.向同学谈论过去某一天做过的事情；2.给朋友打电话，说说自己今天做过的事情；3.与同伴交流自己最喜欢的季节，并说明理由；4.改编课本剧；5.“打电话，送礼物”游戏。module5题目myBag（我的包）
题材（主要）内容Lingling要回国了，ms.Smart 要为她买个新旅行包。在商店看包时，Lingling看好一个黑色大包可太重，ms.Smart看好一个绿色轻便的包，可太小。最后在售货员的推荐下买了一个带轮子的大包。教学目标语言知识目标功能描述物品的基本特征并进行比较。语法（句子结构）一般现在时的陈述句：This„is„It’s„It’svery„语言技能
目
标
词
汇
听
说
读
写broken,carry,back,light,bag,shoulder,hand,brown,black,green,blue,red,pink,yellow,white听说读wheel听说听句子
能够听说认读和默写下列句子：Thisblackbagisnice.It’sbig.It’sveryheavy.Lookatthisgreenone.It’slight.能够仿说和运用下列句子：myschoolbagis„Icarryit„myeyes/mouth/legs/earsare
„Isee/eat/walk/hearwithmy„学习策略积极与他人合作，共同完成学习任务;主动向老师或同学请教;对所学内容能主动练习和实践文化意识使学生简单了解英国的商业情况，英国人的购物习惯等。情感态度培养学生学习英语的兴趣，使其感受在快乐中学习英语的情感体验。乐于模仿，敢于开口，积极参与，主动请教。任务1.向同学介绍自己最喜欢的一件东西；2.学习用品展示会；3.商场购物模仿秀，谈论所购物品的外部特征；4.描述自己的身体部位及功用等。module6题目Travel（旅行）
题材（主要）内容Amy和Lingling谈到周六要去巨石阵。Amy向Lingling介绍巨石阵的情况。教学目标语言知识目标功能谈论事件。语法（句子结构）一般将来时的一般疑问句及特殊疑问句：whatwillweseethere?we’llsee„Howwillwegetthere?By„It’swilltake„语言技能
目
标
词
汇
听
说
读
写place,circle,build,solve,hope,amazing,thought,by,car听说读Stonehenge,top,interesting,mystery,surprise听说helicopter听句子能够听说认读和默写下列句子：whatwillweseethere?we
’llseelotsof„.Howwillwegetthere?Bycar.Itwilltakethreehours.能够仿说和运用下列句子：wheredid„?whatdid„?学习策略积极与他人合作，共同完成学习任务；主动向老师或同学请教；对所学内容能主动练习和实践。文化意识向学生简单介绍英国的古迹“巨石阵”。情感态度培养学生学习英语的兴趣，使其感受在快乐中学习英语的情感体验；乐于模仿，敢于开口，积极参与，主动请教。任务1.能根据问题结合自己的实际情况作答；2.调查了解同学的周末生活。module7题目computer（电脑）
题材（主要）内容Tom问Amy什么是email。Amy向Tom做解释，并教他发email。教学目标语言知识目标功能使用电子邮件。语法（句子结构）祈使句：clickon„write„语言技能
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写message,another,clickon,busy,computer听说读poster听说听own句子能够听说认读和默写下列句子：clickon“Email”.Nowclickon“write”.writeyourmessage.能够仿说和运用下列句子：I/He/shewill„at„o’clock.学习策略积极与他人合作，共同完成学习任务；主动向老师或同学请教；对所学内容能主动练习和实践。文化意识简单了解英国的移动电话以及学校里的电脑使用情况。情感态度培养学生学习英语的兴趣，使其感受在快乐中学习英语的情感体验；乐于模仿，敢于开口，积极参与，主动请教。任务学习收发email，在真实的操作及交流中学习语言module8题目Decision（决定）
题材（主要）内容Daming要要准备礼物去美国看望表兄，Fanfan建议他送筷子，可Daming认为表兄家一定有。最后Fanfan帮助Daming做了龙形的风筝，大明很高兴。教学目标语言知识目标功能表达自己的决定。语法（句子结构）一般将来时的陈述句，一般疑问句及回答：IthinkI’ll„willyou„?
ofcourse./yes,Iwill./No,Idon’t.语言技能目标词汇听
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写ofcourse,drew,piece,paper,scissors,think,help听说读听说听句子
能够听说认读和默写下列句子：IthinkI’llmakeachinesekite!willyouhelpme?ofcourse,Iwill.能够仿说
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：HowImadethekite.HowdidLinglingdo?学习策略积极与他人合作，共同完成学习任务；主动向老师或同学请教；对所学内容能主动练习和实践；独立思考，自主学习。文化意识向学生简单介绍风筝文化及风筝在西方国家的情况。情感态度培养学生学习英语的兴趣，使其感受在快乐中学习英语的情感体验；乐于模仿，敢于开口，积极参与，主动请教。任务1.展示自己亲手制作的风筝，并介绍制作的过程；2.根据自己的实际情况，制订计划。module9题目EnglishLetters（英文信）
题材（主要）内容Daming收到Lingling从伦敦寄来的信，向Daming述说自己上星期去剧院看演出的事。教学目标语言知识目标功能描述过去发生的事情。语法（句子结构）一般过去式：The„did„we„did„语言技能目标词汇听说读
写theatre,men,women,room,history,question,wore,told,laughed,alot,lotsof听说读actor,joke,clothes听说postman,spain,听句子能够听说认读和默写下列句子：The„wore„The„toldlotsof„welaughedalot.能够仿说和运用下列句子：yesterday,„Now,„Tomorrow„学习策略积极与他人合作，共同完成学习任务；主动向老师或同学请教；对所学内容能主动练习和实践。文化意识让学生简单了解英国剧院情况；让学生简单介绍一下西班牙、澳大利亚。情感态度培养学生学习英语的兴趣，使其感受在快乐中学习英语的情感体验；乐于模仿，敢于开口，积极参与，主动请教。任务1.给朋友写信；2.为老师给出的短文找错误。module10题目GettingReady（做准备）
题材（主要）内容Daming在做去美国的准备。奶奶打电话过来询问大明的准备情况，并提醒他离开的时间、地点及要带的物品。教学目标语言知识目标功能谈论旅行准备。语法（句子结构）一般过去式、一般将来时：whatdidyou„?wherewillyougo„?whenwillyou„?语言技能目标
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写ticket,toothbrush,leave,building,clothes,shoes听说读trip,passport,NewyorkAirport
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认知策略指人们为了理解和存储信息所采用的策略。认知策略既包括识别,归类,记忆,语言材料储存等语言学习策略,也包括如回顾,操练和第二语言中词汇、短语等的理解和产出等语言使用策略。国内外的研究表明认知策略的掌握和运用能有效促进信息理解和知识学习。
阅读一直以来是我国学生英语学习的主要认知渠道。如何通过阅读理解语言材料进而获取知识和信息要求学生掌握并熟练使用一些认知策略。本文以宁夏师范学院为例,基于对本学院英语专业一年级学生阅读过程中认知策略使用情况的调查分析,旨在探讨英语泛读教学中认知策略训练应注意的几个问题以提高学生的阅读理解水平和学习效率。
二、认知策略使用情况调查分析
为了更具针对性地进行策略指导,首先必须了解学生的策略使用情况和特点。笔者通过问卷调查和开放式访谈,对本学院85名英语专业一年级学生阅读中策略使用情况进行了调查。问卷设计参考了Grabe,W.& Stoller F.L.(2005)和刘亦春(2002)等人的阅读策略调查并根据笔者的研究对问题作了部分修改,预测效度达到了标准要求。问卷选项采用了里克特五分量表,从1到5的数字分别代表:从不这样做;通常不这样做;有时候这样做;大部分时间这样做;总是这样做。数据统计使用了SPSS 13.0。根据Oxford的频度量表,各项策略统计的均值代表策略使用的频率,对应关系为均值在1.0-1.4表示“从不使用该策略”;1.5-2.4表示“很少使用该策略”;2.5-3.4表示“有时使用该策略”;3.5-4.4表示“经常使用该策略”;4.5-5.0表示“总是使用该策略”。本次问卷统计后认知策略使用均值及频率依照从低到高顺序排列如下:
通过统计可以看出,英语专业一年级学生阅读中认知策略使用频率介于很少使用、有时使用和经常使用之间。其中“有时使用”的频率最高。由此可见,学生在阅读中认知策略的使用频率整体不高。具体来看,很少使用的策略包括意群的划分(s51)、利用图表等形式呈现结构或主要信息(s27)和通过结构分析来理解长难句(s39)。有时使用的策略包括:逐字细读(s50)、记忆(s43)、出声阅读(s16)、注意观察结构组织(s40,s46,s44)、推理(s45)、理解指称关系(s41)、对信息重组、归类(s14,s54)、信息摘要(s42)、概括中心思想和主题(s42)、利用视觉形象辅助理解(s15)、跳读(s38)、用词典查生词(s16)、对重要信息记笔记(s57)、利用原有知识辅助理解(s56)、将阅读材料从头读到尾(s11)等。经常使用的策略包括关键信息标注(s13)、利用上下文推断词义(s19)、确定主题和中心思想(s34、s30)、忽略陌生词汇(s49)、对阅读内容进行预测(s55)和通过将英语翻译成汉语来帮助理解(s17)。
将以上策略按照阅读习惯(s51、s50、s16、s11、s55)、基本理解策略(s39、s40、s45、s46、s41、s15、s44、s38、s31、s56、s19、s34、s30、s49、s33、s17)和理解外的其他策略(s27、s43、s14,s54、s42、s46、s57、s13)做以归类的话可以发现一年级学生英语阅读中认知策略使用具有以下特点:
1.整体上来讲阅读习惯基本较好,学生一般不逐字细读和出声阅读。问题是视读使用频率较低,阅读材料有时会被从头读到尾,突出的问题是不能按意群阅读。
2.基本理解策略使用方面,突出的问题是不能通过结构分析理解长句和阅读中过度依赖母语,对阅读中关键词汇的判断也是一个难题。其他如注意观察信息组织方式、推断言外之意、理清指称关系、利用非语言信息和连接词等辅助理解的策略使用频率都较低。相对于以上策略,学生在阅读过程中能经常利用已有知识辅助理解,也能经常利用恰当的策略去处理阅读中遇到的生词。快速阅读方面,对于skimming(s33)的使用远高于scanning(s38)。此外,浏览阅读材料、发现主题和中心思想等策略都能被经常使用。
3.理解外的其他策略的使用除了注意重点信息和对信息进行标注外,其他策略如信息摘要、重组、归类及记笔记等的使用频率都较低。这一点与笔者在访谈中的发现一致,即,多数学生的阅读训练只停留在完成给定阅读理解任务,很少采取其他策略对材料进行进一步学习和利用。
三、对阅读教学中认知策略训练的启示
基于以上分析,笔者认为教师在阅读教学中要训练学生的认知策略应注意以下方面:
1.学生的基本理解策略掌握并不牢固,应根据实际需要加强指导,但应该注意重难点的突出。
2.阅读习惯方面,应帮助学生理解泛读的特点和目的,明确泛读和精读的不同之处以养成良好的泛读习惯。帮助学生学会根据不同的阅读目的采用不同的阅读过程,提高阅读速度。此外还需要加强英语思维方式的训练,让学生学会按照意群去阅读理解,摆脱过度依赖母语的习惯。
3.加强对结构和篇章意识的培养和指导,使学生摆脱在阅读中只见树木不见森林的不良习惯,提高对阅读材料的整体把握能力。
关键词 国际音标 音标教学 方法
中图分类号:G633.4文献标识码:A
语音不仅是语言的本质,也是语言教学的基础。可以说,学好语音是学好英语的基础,而学好语言的关键在于学好国际音标。
如何才能搞好初中英语语音教学呢?笔者认为,七年级第一学期应把英语教学的重点放在语音教学上,所有教学项目都应紧紧围绕这一重点进行,使至少90%以上的学生在第一学期期末基本做到:能正确读出48个国际音标;能正确熟练地读出符合读音规则的单词;能借助音标正确读出单词。这样可以使学生为以后的学习打下基础,从而使老师在单词教学上少用点时间,学生就可以拼读单词了。下面谈谈笔者对初一音标教学的几点看法。
1 在教完字母的基础上教音标
现在的学生对字母很熟悉,会读会写,应该说字母不再是教学的难点。而音标才是学生掌握的难点。一般在学生掌握了字母之后,紧接着利用字母中的音标来教学音标,对学生来说是比较容易的。我们大家都知道字母里本身就包含23个音标Aa〔ei〕、Bb〔bi:〕、Cc〔si:〕、Dd〔di:〕、Ee〔i:〕、Ff〔ef〕、Gg〔d3i:〕、Hh〔eit∫〕、Ii〔ai〕、Jj〔d3ei〕、Kk〔kei〕、Ll〔el〕、Mm〔em〕、Nn〔en〕、Oo〔?u〕、Pp〔pi:〕、Qq〔kju:〕、Rr〔a:〕、Ss〔es〕、Tt〔ti:〕、Uu〔ju:〕、Vv〔vi:〕、Ww〔′d∧blju:〕、Xx〔eks〕、Yy〔wai〕、Zz〔zed〕,即〔i:〕、〔e〕、〔a:〕、〔u:〕、〔ei〕、〔ai〕、〔?u〕、〔p〕、〔b〕、〔t〕、〔d〕、〔k〕、〔f〕、〔v〕、〔s〕、〔z〕、〔m〕、〔n〕、〔l〕、〔t∫〕、〔d3〕、〔w〕、〔j〕。在学完字母中包含的23个音标后,再教学其余音标,即剩下的25个音标,并对所有音标以元音和辅音进行归类总结。学生早就能认字母,现在只要求他们认和记音标,这对他们来说费不了多少功夫。由于学得很轻松,对英语的兴趣就很高,这样学生的积极性就得到了保护。
2 通过音标游戏巩固音标教学
下面我举3个操作简单的游戏。(1)抢读音标: 将全班分成若干小组,然后教师逐个出示一些音标卡片,学生们举手抢答,教师让最先举手的学生读出该音标,读对的给该组记 10 分,得分最多的组为优胜。(2)听音摘音标:这是一个训练学生听认音标能力游戏,首先教师把所学过的音标写在卡片上,共写两组,分别贴在黑板上,然后把学生分成两组,游戏开始,每组的第一名学生在黑板前等候,教师说出一个音标,这两名学生应立即摘下教师所念的音标卡片,放到讲台上,摘得对而快的得 2 分,对而慢的得 1 分,不对的不得分,在教师念第一个音标时,各组的第二名学生应上前等候,在第一名学生摘完音标后,教师立即念另一个音标,游戏接着进行,最后得分多的组为优胜。(3)听音标竞赛:这是一个训练学生听音标的游戏,教师准备两套音标卡片,并将全班分成两组,每人发一张卡片,教师快速念音标,持有该音标卡片的学生应迅速站起来,最先站起来的人得两分,后站出来的得一分,没站出来的得零分,得分多的组获胜。通过游戏,可把枯燥的音标教学转变为学生乐于接受的、生动有趣的游戏形式,使学生在玩中学,在学中玩。
3 在掌握音标的基础上教会学生拼读音标词
引导学生进行最简单的拼读。如[t]-[i:]→[ti:];[t]-[u:]→[tu:]等等。等学生完全掌握48个音标以后,提出“快认辅音,读出元音,迅速拼出整个音标词”法,引导学生认、读、拼结合,提高速度。如:[u]→[luk],[∧]→[b∧s],[ei]→[kei]等等。最后要求学生一气呵成,达到“速认,快拼”,一次性读出音标词。
4 掌握拼读音标词的基础上教读音规则
教会学生音标的认读及拼读之后,应注意培养学生按照读音规则,把单词的音、形、义联系起来迅速反应的能力。每次教新词时,不仅要会发音、会拼读,还要与旧词联系,进行一些归类性的训练。同时在教学过程中要随时总结读音规则和字母组合、重读、连读、不完全爆破等有关知识,而不要在初学时就集中进行总结,那样的话,学生一时接受不了,而且觉得音标复杂,产生畏惧心,就得不偿失了。因此我们在集中的音标教学中,主要是要让学生了解字母和音标的区别,讲解一些简单的发音要领;结合所学的单词,对其音标进行分解,或单音素拼读,或留头去尾;使学生初步分清开、闭音节和长、短音。
5 收集学生分辨不清或发错的音素,进行重点练习
教师在教学中要做到持之以恒,严格要求学生。对学生尚未能分辨清楚或发错的音素,更要着重练习,编成相应组,供学生练习,并找出发音不准的根源,帮助学生纠正发音的偏差。
当然,严格要求,及时纠音,也应和适当宽容相结合,因为每个人的接受能力不同,而且语音学习是需要一个过程的,不可能一下就学得十分标准。起初时,应允许把一点“错误”逐步标准化。我在教学中经常注意在复习环节中安插一点时间操练音素,防止回生。
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